TW202123151A - Field flooding sensing device, field flooding sensing system, and field flooding sensing method wherein the filed flooding sensing system includes a cloud server, at least one filed flooding sensing device, and a remote monitoring platform - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a field flooding sensing system, which includes: a cloud server; at least one field flooding sensing device, which is connected with the cloud server via a wireless network and transmits conductivity information of at least one detection point to the cloud server; and a remote monitoring platform, which is connected to the cloud server via a wireless network, so as to control the field flooding sensing device and obtain the conductivity information of the at least one detection point, and then generate a flooding detection information based on the location and the conductivity information of the at least one detection point. Accordingly, the depth and specific conductivity of a paddy field can be monitored in real time to optimize the use of water resources, save water consumption of the paddy field, and reduce plants loss rate, and the amount of fertilizer used in the paddy filed can be managed at the same time to improve the yield, quality and profit. When industrial wastewater pollutes paddy field irrigation water, the present system can be used as an early warning.

Description

Field clear water sensing device, field clear water sensing system, and field clear water sensing method

The present invention relates to the field of field water detection, in particular to a Zhanshui sensing device, system, and sensing method that integrates an Internet of Things architecture, a sensing device, and a monitoring platform.

Taiwan is the 18th most water-scarce region in the world. Although Taiwan has an average annual rainfall of more than 2,000 millimeters, it should be a country where water resources are not scarce, but because of its narrow land, steep hillsides, and rain Concentration, coupled with the shortness of rivers, so most of the rainwater quickly flows into the ocean. Therefore, the average amount of water that each person in Taiwan can allocate each year is only one-seventh of the world average. Therefore, Taiwan is a water-scarce country.

Taiwan’s water resources planning is based on statistics from the Water Resources Administration of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Agricultural water accounts for about 71.3% of Taiwan’s total water consumption. Irrigation water accounts for 91.2% of the total agricultural water consumption. Irrigation water for paddy fields accounts for about 71.3% of the total irrigation water consumption. 79.2%; according to this estimate, the irrigation water for rice fields accounts for about 50% of the total water consumption in Taiwan. However, the current environmental pollution, urbanization effects, indiscriminate logging, and changes in rainfall patterns in Taiwan have led to fewer and fewer available water resources in the country. How to respond to natural climate changes is a problem that the world must face together. Adjust the operation and management methods of water resources; in addition, man-made improper damage must be improved through strict regulations and thorough implementation in order to effectively improve the efficiency of management. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the management of water resources. Through effective deployment and management, not only can the waste of water resources be reduced, but also the use efficiency of water resources can be improved.

At present, the irrigation of rice fields in Taiwan is mostly manual operation of water distribution. Therefore, the amount of irrigation water cannot be precisely controlled, and the water loss during the regulation process cannot be accurately calculated. With climate change, the uneven rainfall in the wet and dry seasons has become more severe. If the water used by the paddy field, which is the largest source of water consumption, can be used to accurately allocate water to save water, it should greatly increase the allocation of water resources for different water standards. , Is the most important development field and direction at present.

The key to field water management is to maintain an appropriate depth of Zhan Shui, that is, to maintain an appropriate flooding depth in the paddy field after rice transplanting, to buffer the adverse effects of the environment on the early stage of rice growth. The time to maintain the depth of Zhanshui is about 30-35 days for the first phase, and about 20-25 days for the second phase, and the water depth is about 4-6 cm. In addition, a proper depth of water helps to increase the water and nutrients needed by the rice to absorb and maintain the reduced state of the soil so that weed seeds cannot obtain sufficient growth opportunities to achieve the purpose of effective weed control. Therefore, in addition to the use of water resources for farming irrigation, the deep management of clear water in rice fields is also very important for the growth of rice crops, which is the main reason why farmers patrol the fields every day during rice cultivation.

Due to climate change or insufficient water resources, in recent years, the international system of rice intensification (System of rice intensification, SRI) or the use of deepwater management practice (DMP) during the rainy season have been promoted; among them, SRI uses dry and wet Alternative Wet and Dry (AWD), and maintain different depths of clear water during different rice growth periods, can effectively save irrigation water, and soil aeration measures can improve the ecological environment of the paddy field, improve the quality of returned water, and improve the quality of rice However, this method has stricter control over the depth of Zhanshui, which is one of the main difficulties in the promotion.

It can be seen from the above that the depth management of clear water in paddy fields is not only related to the utilization of water resources for agricultural irrigation, but also very important to the growth of rice. However, there is still a lack of effective and immediate management methods for the management of water resources in paddy fields. Production is indeed an urgent problem to be solved.

In addition to the above-mentioned management and control of water resources, Precision Agriculture is considered to be the key to the third wave of modern agriculture. In precision agriculture, a large number of real-time monitors/sensors are used. sensors) Monitor crop water conditions, humidity, NP nutrients, pH, EC and other data, so that the efficiency of agricultural production can be improved. Precision agriculture is actually one of the current agricultural practices in the application of the Internet of Things. In addition to improving the efficiency of irrigation water management in paddy fields, it also increases the flexibility of water resource allocation in Taiwan.

In view of this, the inventors developed a smart conductivity scale and further integrated the Internet of Things to establish a real-time smart paddy field water and water quality management system to monitor the depth and specific conductivity of the paddy field in real time to achieve the best Improve the utilization of water resources, reduce plant loss rate, shorten production time, reduce pesticide application, and increase yield, quality and profit. In addition, the present invention can also be used as a basis for promoting the precision agriculture of rice fields in China.

In other words, the present invention can provide a field clear water sensing device, which includes: a conductivity ruler, which is provided with at least one detection point, and the at least one detection point is provided with a conductivity electrode group; a circuit unit , Which is electrically connected to the conductivity ruler to provide the voltage signal and/or current signal required by the conductivity ruler, and to receive the detection signal from the conductivity ruler; the circuit unit includes an excitation signal source Module, signal processing and control module, microprocessor, display module, data storage module, output module, and control node module; wherein the excitation signal source module and the conductivity electrode group are electrically connected; The excitation signal source module is electrically connected to the signal processing and control module; the microprocessor and the signal processing and control module, the display module, the data storage module, the output module, and the control module The node module is electrically connected; and a power supply unit module is electrically connected with the circuit unit to provide the required power.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the conductivity ruler is further provided with at least one temperature detection point, and the at least one temperature detection point is provided with a temperature electrode group electrically connected to the excitation signal source module for detecting Measure the water temperature in the area to be measured.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the at least one detection point is plural, and the distance between each detection point is in the range of 0.5 cm to 5 cm; preferably in the range of 0.5 to 2.5 cm; more preferably in the range of 0.5 cm to 2.5 cm The range of 0.5~2.0cm; the best is the range of 0.5~1.0cm.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the excitation signal source module is electrically connected to the conductivity electrode groups in the plurality of detection points in parallel.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the detection signal is an analog signal or a digital signal.

In addition, the present invention can also provide a field Zhan Shui sensing system, which includes: a cloud server; at least one field Zhan Shui sensing device, which is connected to the cloud server via a wireless network and transmits at least one The conductivity information of the detection point is sent to the cloud server; and a remote monitoring platform, which is connected to the cloud server via a wireless network, so as to control the field clear water sensor device and obtain the information of the at least one detection point The conductivity information is then generated based on the position of the at least one detection point and the conductivity information to generate a clear water detection information.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the clear water detection information includes at least any one or more selected from the group consisting of water level height, sediment depth, fertilization status, rainfall status, and water pollution status.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the field Zhan Shui sensing system further includes an input sluice controller and an output sluice controller connected to the remote monitoring platform to adjust the input or output in the area to be tested Water flow.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the remote monitoring platform is a smart phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, or a desktop computer.

In addition, the present invention can also provide a field Zhan Shui sensing method, the steps of which include: 1. Vertically insert the conductivity ruler in the field Zhan Shui sensing device into the area to be measured until the bottom end of the conductivity rule touches the ground. Detect to obtain conductivity information of the at least one detection point; and 2. Obtain Zhan Shui detection information based on the position of the at least one detection point and the conductivity information.

Hereinafter, different specific embodiments are listed for the implementation of the present invention to describe and explain in more detail, so as to make the spirit and content of the present invention more complete and easy to understand; however, those with ordinary knowledge in this art should understand Of course, the present invention is not limited to these examples, and other same or equal functions and sequence of steps can also be used to achieve the present invention.

In this article, the scientific and technical terms used here have the same meanings as understood and used by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. In addition, without conflict with the context, the singular nouns used in this specification cover the plural nouns; and the plural nouns used also cover the singular nouns.

In this article, the numerical values and parameters used to define the scope of the present invention inevitably contain standard deviations due to individual test methods, so they are mostly expressed as approximate quantitative values. However, in specific embodiments, Relevant values presented as accurately as possible. In this context, "about" generally depends on the considerations of those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, and generally means that the actual value falls within the acceptable standard error of the average value. For example, the actual value is within an acceptable standard error of the average value. Within ±10%, ±5%, ±1%, or ±0.5% of a specific value or range.

First, please refer to FIG. 1, which is a system architecture diagram showing the field clear water sensing system of the present invention. The field Zhanshui sensing system is used to provide at least one user to obtain Zhanshui detection information. It includes a field Zhanshui sensing device 1, a cloud server 2, and a remote monitoring platform 3 to form a distributed monitoring system. system.

The field clear water sensing device 1 includes a conductivity scale 10, a circuit unit 11, and a power supply unit 12. Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the conductivity ruler 10. The conductivity ruler 10 is used as a sensing probe, which can be inserted vertically into the area to be measured to detect a current signal, and transmit the current signal to the circuit unit 11 for analysis and processing. The power supply unit 12 is electrically connected to the circuit unit 11 to provide power required for the operation of the circuit unit 11.

Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide ruler 10. The conductivity ruler 10 is provided with a scale, and a plurality of detection points are arranged on the ruler surface, and the conductivity electrode group 101 and the temperature electrode group 102 are respectively provided on the detection points. The conductivity electrode group 101 at different positions is used to detect the conductivity values of different water levels, and the temperature electrode group 102 is used to detect the temperature of the clear water.

In addition, those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains should understand that the illustrations and the number of settings of the conductivity electrode group 101 and the temperature electrode group 102 shown in FIG. 2 are only examples. The number, material, and appearance of the electrode group , Arrangement, and spacing can be adjusted based on the type of liquid, the depth of the clear water, and the position of the clear water, which are not limited here. For example, the distance between each conductivity electrode group 101 can be in the range of 0.5 cm to 5 cm; preferably in the range of 0.5 to 2.5 cm; more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 2.0 cm; most preferably in the range of 0.5 ~1.0cm range. In addition, the conductivity electrode group and the temperature electrode group may be bipolar electrodes or quaternary electrodes.

According to the technical idea of the present invention, when the conductivity ruler 10 is vertically inserted into the area to be measured, metal washers, screws, or nails can be used at the bottom of the ruler body to connect the ruler body to the ground to prevent the ruler body from falling; According to the situation, the bottom of the conductivity ruler 10 can also be equipped with an element with a pointed structure, so that the conductivity ruler 10 can be easily inserted into the bottom mud or soil layer.

Next, please refer to FIG. 3 again, which is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the display circuit unit 11. The circuit unit 11 includes an excitation signal source module 111, a signal processing and control module 112, a microprocessor 113, a display module 114, a data storage module 115, an output module 116, and a control node module 117. Among them, the conductivity electrode group 101 and the temperature electrode group 102 in the conductivity ruler 10 are electrically connected to the excitation signal source module 111 in parallel; the excitation signal source module 111 is electrically connected to the signal processing and control module 112 The microprocessor 113 is electrically connected to the signal processing and control module 112, the display module 114, the data storage module 115, the output module 116, and the control node module 117.

The excitation signal source module 111 is used to transmit voltage signals and/or current signals to the conductivity electrode group 101 and/or the temperature electrode group 102; the conductivity electrode group 101 and/or the temperature electrode group in the conductivity ruler 10 After 102 receives the voltage signal and/or current signal, it generates a corresponding detection signal and transmits the detection signal to the signal processing and control module 112 via the excitation signal source module 111. The detection signal can be an analog signal or It is a digital signal. Then, the signal processing and control module 112 processes the detection signals transmitted from the conductivity electrode group 101 and/or the temperature electrode group 102 and sends it to the microprocessor 113.

The microprocessor 113 receives the detection signal from the signal processing and control module 112 and performs calculation and analysis to obtain conductivity information and temperature information, and then sends the conductivity information and temperature information to the display module 114 and the data storage module 115 ; The display module 114 is used to receive and display the conductivity information and temperature information sent by the microprocessor 113, and the data storage module 115 is used to receive and store the conductivity information and temperature information sent by the microprocessor 113 .

The output module 116 is used to receive the conductivity information and temperature information of the microprocessor 113, and send it to the remote monitoring platform 2 as analog signals or digital signals; the control node module 117 is used to receive from the microprocessor 113 The control signal of the device 113, and adopts the corresponding output signal to open (open) or close (close).

Next, the actual operation flow of the circuit unit 11 is described as follows:

The excitation signal source module 111 provides the voltage signal and/or current signal required by the conductivity electrode group 101 and/or the temperature electrode group 102. The conductivity electrode group 101 and/or the temperature electrode group 102 detects the area to be measured and then Generate analog or digital signals, and send them to the signal processing and control module 112 via the excitation signal source module 111 and convert them into processable digital or analog data to the microprocessor 113. After the microprocessor 113 undergoes internal calculation and analysis, Obtain measured values such as conductivity (or specific electrical group value) and temperature values, and send the measured values to the display module 114 for display, store in the data storage module 115, and send to the remote monitoring via the output module 116 Platform 2. In addition, the microprocessor 113 can also receive control commands from the remote monitoring platform 2 to control the operation of the circuit, and automatically drive the control node module 117 according to the measured value to make the output signal open or close.

The remote monitoring platform 3 can obtain the conductivity data and temperature data of each detection point in the field Zhan Shui sensing device 1 through the cloud server 2, and perform information storage, analysis, and processing to generate Zhan Shui in the area to be measured The detection information is displayed and displayed. The detection information of Zhan Shui includes at least one selected from among water level height, Zhan Shui temperature, sediment depth, fertilization status, rainfall status, and water pollution status. After the field Zhan Shui sensing device 1 in the paddy field is running, it is sent to the cloud server 2 via the Internet. The remote monitoring platform 3 can obtain the above data through the cloud server 2, and any user logs in through the account of the application , And obtain the Zhanshui detection information after data processing of the remote monitoring platform 3 through operation. If the remote monitoring platform used by the user is a mobile phone, the Zhanshui detection information can be read by the user in an application on the mobile phone.

其中k為電導度(S/cm)； G為電導(S)，並且G=I÷V=1÷R，(R為電阻)， K為電極常數。Since the voltage and/or current signal applied by the circuit unit 11 to each conductivity electrode group 101 is a fixed value, the microprocessor 113 processes and analyzes the detection signal obtained by the conductivity ruler 10, and then can be converted by Ohm's law to obtain the resistance value. , Then use the following conductivity formula to convert to obtain the conductivity:

Where k is the conductivity (S/cm); G is the conductivity (S), and G=I÷V=1÷R, (R is the resistance), and K is the electrode constant.

Next, the following specific embodiments illustrate the detection method using the field clear water sensing device of the present invention. "Examples 1 to 3"

In Examples 1 to 3, the irrigation area located in Miaoli City is selected, which is the main cultivated crop of rice. Then determine the overall area of the scale according to the google map, and then go to the field survey, first determine the location of the water inlet and drainage ditches, and draw a simulation map of the site to establish a quality conservation system.

The principle of the water balance system of this paddy field is mainly established by the definition of the water balance system in hydrology. In this embodiment, assume that the fields in several blocks of a place and their irrigation and drainage ditches are a closed water balance system, and the current storage water volume of the system is assumed to be W ₀ , and then the inflow of the irrigation ditches is assumed to be Q _in , the outflow rate is Q _out , and the loss of water transportation and the loss of rice in the field is divided into evapotranspiration (ET _corp ), leakage (P _t +L _t ), and ditch loss (Q _lost ), and Calculating these parameters into the water balance system of this embodiment, the following equation I can be obtained and drawn into the water balance system diagram shown in Figure 4, and field measurements have also been carried out according to the required parameters. W ₀ =Q _in -[ET _corp +Q _lost +(P _t +L _t )]- Q _out ……….. I where W ₀ is the amount of water retained in the irrigation area; Q _in is the channel input to the irrigation Q _out is the water flow of the irrigation area from the ditch; ET _corp is the water evapotranspiration of the crops in the irrigation area; Q _lost is the loss of the clear water in the ditch; (P _t +L _t ) is the amount of leakage in the irrigation area; P _t is the amount of vertical leakage, and L _t is the amount of directional leakage.

In addition, according to the field simulation map shown in Fig. 5, the inflow and outflow position of the field can be understood and measured. According to the water level measurement and flow velocity measurement of the inflow and outflow, the flow can be converted by the Manning formula to calculate the system In addition to the input and output of the system, there are still other losses outside the system in the rice field, including ditches, leakage, and crop evapotranspiration. If the water level difference between area A and area C is measured with a conductivity ruler in a larger field area, the system input of the field area can be obtained, and the output difference is observed at a specific system output point, then The system variation of the area can be obtained, and the mass conservation can be achieved as much as possible.

After grasping the measurement area, insert the conductivity ruler in the field clear water sensing device of the present invention into the water inlet channel, the paddy field inlet, and the center of the paddy field vertically until the bottom end of the conductivity ruler touches the ground and performs detection.

The conductivity ruler in the field zhanshui sensing device used in Examples 1 to 3 has 10 detection points, of which the detection point 1 is located 2 cm from the bottom of the conductivity ruler, and the detection point 2 To 10 are set in order with a pitch of 1 cm. Then, the conductivity value measured by the field Zhan Shui sensor device is transmitted to the remote monitoring platform (smart phone or tablet computer) via the wireless network.

After measuring 20 times in each area, the measured conductivity values are averaged and the values are recorded in Table 1. Since the conductivity of air is close to 0, the conductivity of water is between 300-400μS/cm, and the conductivity of sediment is between 100-200μS/cm, it can be known from the measured conductivity The depth of Cham Shui. "Comparative Examples 1 to 3"

In Comparative Examples 1 to 3, a commercially available conductivity meter is fixed on a plastic ruler for measurement. The measurement area is the same as that of the foregoing Examples 1 to 3. After each area is measured 20 times, the measured The conductivity values are averaged and the values are recorded in Table 1.

Table 1 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Comparative example 3 Detect location Inlet channel Paddy field inlet The middle of the paddy field Inlet channel Paddy field inlet Central paddy field Conductivity (μS/cm) Detection point 1 (2cm from the bottom) 408.25 161.58 209.02 404.2 155.4 176.2 Detection point 2 (3cm from the bottom) 400.95 150.40 186.69 404.2 134.6 155 Detection point 3 (4cm from the bottom of the water) 403.4 150.30 187.50 404.2 134.6 155 Detection point 4 (5cm from the bottom) 402.15 147.86 189.01 404.2 134.6 155 Detection point 5 (6cm from the bottom) 403.25 147.54 74.33 404.2 134.6 155 Detection point 6 (7cm from the bottom) 326.42 141.425 0 0 134.6 0 Detection point 7 (8cm from the bottom) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Detection point 8 (9cm from the bottom) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Detection point 9 (10cm from the bottom) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Detection point 10 (11cm from the bottom) 0 0 0 0 0 0

Next, plot the data results of Table 1 into Figures 6A to 6C, respectively, where Figure 6A is a comparison chart of the result data of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, and Figure 6B is a comparison chart of the result data of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2. And FIG. 6C is a comparison chart of the result data of Example 3 and Comparative Example 3.

From the results of Figures 6A to 6C, it can be seen that when the field clear water sensing device of the present invention is used for measurement, the water level of the water inlet channel is about 7~8 cm, and there is no sludge in the water; the paddy field water inlet The water level is about 7-8 cm, and there is a lot of sediment in the water; and the water level in the center of the paddy field is about 5-6 cm, and there is a lot of sediment in the water.

In addition, it can be seen from the results of FIGS. 6A to 6C that when the field clear water sensing device of the present invention and the commercially available conductivity meter are used for measurement, similar results can be obtained, showing the field clear water sense of the present invention. The measuring device can replace the commercially available conductivity meter, and further can be connected with the Internet of Things to form a field Zhan Shui sensing system. "Examples 4 to 5"

In Examples 4 and 5, two different irrigation waterways (Area A and Area B) in the Miaoli City area were measured with the field clear water sensing device of the present invention, and the electrical conductance in the field clear water sensing device was measured. Insert the ruler vertically until the bottom of the conductivity ruler touches the ground and performs detection, and transmits the measured conductivity value to the remote monitoring platform (smartphone or tablet) via wireless network.

The conductivity ruler in the field zhanshui sensing device used in embodiments 4 and 5 has 7 detection points, of which the detection point 1 is located at a distance from the bottom of the conductivity ruler, and the detection points 2 to 7 Set in order with a pitch of 5 cm.

After measuring 20 times respectively, the measured conductivity values are averaged and the values are recorded in Table 2.

Table 2 Example 4 Example 5 area A B Conductivity (μS/cm) Detection point 1 (0cm from the bottom) 199 122 Detection point 2 (5cm from the bottom of the water) 197 120 Detection point 3 (10cm from the bottom) 335 369 Detection point 4 (15cm from the bottom of the water) 334 370 Detection point 5 (20cm from the bottom) 330 368 Detection point 6 (25cm from the bottom of the water) 0 369 Detection point 7 (30cm from the bottom) 0 0

Next, plot the data results of Table 2 into Figure 7A and Figure 7B, respectively. From the results in Table 2 and Figure 7A, it can be seen that the water level of area A is about 20-25 cm, and the sediment depth is about 5-10 cm. In addition, from the results in Table 2 and Figure 7B, The height of the water level in area A is about 25~30 cm, and the depth of the bottom mud is about 5~10 cm. "Example 6"

The irrigation water and fertilizer were formulated to the concentrations shown in Table 3, and then the electrical conductivity was measured with the field clear water sensing device of the present invention and the commercially available electrical conductivity measurement, and the obtained values were recorded in Table 3.

table 3 Fertilization amount (in terms of ammonia nitrogen concentration, mg/L) Field Zhan Shui Sensing Device Commercial Conductivity Meter Conductivity (μS/cm) 0 525 555 2.5 549 585 5 586 613 10 632 674 15 700 735 20 765 792 25 820 851

Then, after plotting the numerical results of Table 3 into Figure 8 and performing regression analysis, the conductivity numerical results measured by the field clear water sensing device of the present invention conform to the following equation II (R ² =0.9981): y = 11.943x + 521.63…….II

In addition, the conductivity value measured by a commercially available conductivity meter conforms to the following equation III (R ² =0.9999) y = 11.943x + 521.63 11.868x + 555.04…..III

From the above results, it can be seen that the fertilizer content in Zhan Shui will also affect the value of conductivity. The conductivity of irrigation water will increase with the increase of fertilizer content. Therefore, the relative relationship between the fertilizer content in Zhan Shui and the conductivity can be used to plot A calibration line is formed, and the conductivity value obtained from field sensing by the field Zhan Shui sensing device of the present invention is converted to obtain the fertilizer content in the field Zhan Shui. In this way, it is judged whether the return water of the paddy field contains the residual fertilizer at the front end, and at the same time, it is used as the nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer addition management for the downstream irrigation field. "Example 7"

The field clear water sensing device of the present invention is used to measure the electrical conductivity change of the irrigation ditch before and after rain, and the measured electrical conductivity value is transmitted to the remote monitoring platform (smart phone or tablet) via the wireless network, And record the value in Table 4.

The conductivity scale in the field Zhan Shui sensing device used in this embodiment has 8 detection points, of which detection point 1 is located at a distance from the bottom end of the conductivity scale, and detection points 2 to 7 are spaced apart from each other. Set 5 cm in order.

Table 4 Detection point Before it rains After rain Conductivity (μS/cm) Detection point 1 (0cm from the bottom) 180 122 Detection point 2 (5cm from the bottom of the water) 177 120 Detection point 3 (10cm from the bottom) 230 142 Detection point 4 (15cm from the bottom of the water) 228 140 Detection point 5 (20cm from the bottom) 229 139 Detection point 6 (25cm from the bottom of the water) 227 140 Detection point 7 (30cm from the bottom) 0 140 Detection point 8 (35cm from the bottom) 0 0

Next, plot the results of Table 4 into Figures 9A and 9B, respectively. Figure 9A is a graph showing the changes in the ditch water depth and conductivity before raining, and Figure 9B is a graph showing the changes in ditch water depth and conductivity after raining.

From Figures 9A and 9B, it can be observed that the conductivity and water level in the trenches have changed before and after the rain. It can be seen that the water level of the ditch rises after the rain, and the rainwater dilutes the original fertilizer, which makes the conductivity value of each detection point drop.

Therefore, the remote monitoring platform in the field clear water sensing system of the present invention can further communicate with an input sluice controller and an output sluice controller to adjust the input or output of the water in the ditch of the irrigation area. flow. This can remotely control the water level and the opening and closing of the sluice gate, and adjust for certain ditch sections, without the need for personnel to go to the field for investigation.

Furthermore, the field Zhan Shui sensing device of the present invention is used to measure the conductance at fixed points at a fixed time, cooperate with on-site sampling and analysis, and transmit the relevant data to the cloud server. At the same time, with the monitoring data under normal conditions, a large amount of data can be created. The warehouse is used to deploy the optimal distribution of the water supply of the regional paddy fields. And it can be judged from the monitoring value whether there is external pollution (especially industrial drainage) changing the water quality and causing the change of conductivity.

Therefore, with the field clear water sensing device and system of the present invention, it is possible to obtain clear water detection information such as water level height, sludge depth, fertilization conditions, rainfall conditions, and water quality changes.

Therefore, it can be confirmed from the results of the above embodiments that the present invention has the following advantages:

1. Under the situation that Taiwan is facing a shortage of water resources and difficulty in deployment, the present invention can provide a systematic and real-time paddy field water management system for paddy field water with a high proportion of water.

2. The vertical change of the electrical conductivity in the irrigation channel and the water surface of the farmland measured by the field clear water sensing device of the present invention can be used to know the water level and sediment depth of the agricultural irrigation and drainage and the rice field at the same time. In addition, agricultural water is often polluted by the discharge of industrial wastewater. The temporal change of this conductivity is often related to the abnormal water quality of agricultural water. Therefore, this conductivity can also be used as an early warning of abnormal water quality of agricultural water.

3. The field clear water sensing system of the present invention has the functions of real-time monitoring, calculation, and estimation, and can effectively manage field water in response to changes in paddy field elevation, soil properties, crop planting conditions, and climatic conditions in the irrigation system of various regions.

4. The field clear water sensing system of the present invention also uses the concept of the Internet of Things, which can provide farmers with a mobile APP to monitor the water depth and electrical conductivity (P2M) of their cultivated farmland, so as to reduce the workload of farmers to patrol the water. At the same time, the farmland water conservancy management unit can use the information provided by this system to optimize the management of the water supply and water quality monitoring (P2M) and (M2M) of the paddy field. If combined with the opening depth control of the automatic sluice gate, the management of the depth of the clear water in the field can be achieved, which is more helpful to the management of the water dike water resources.

5. Due to the difference in rainfall and the availability of water resources for agricultural water, the field clear water sensing system of the present invention can establish the simulation of the situation of the irrigation area under the conditions of different irrigation water resources, and establish the rice field Analysis of the best management strategy for irrigation water and the benefit of water resources management.

In summary, in the above text, various embodiments have been used to illustrate the specific content of the present invention. However, those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present invention should understand that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments only, and Various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; for example, the various technical contents illustrated in the foregoing embodiments are combined or changed to form new implementations, and these implementations are of course regarded as This invention belongs to. Therefore, the scope of protection in this case also includes the scope of patent application and its defined scope described later.

1: Field Zhan Shui Sensing Device 10: Conductivity ruler 101: Conductivity electrode group 102: Temperature electrode group 11: Circuit unit 111: Excitation signal source module 112: Signal Processing and Control Module 113: Microprocessor 114: display module 115: data storage module 116: output module 117: Control Node Module 12: Power supply unit 2: Cloud server 3: Remote monitoring platform

FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram showing the field Zhanshui sensing system of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the conductivity ruler 10 in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of the circuit unit 11 in FIG. 1. Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the water balance system in Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a simulation diagram of the field area in Examples 1 to 3 shown. FIG. 6A is a graph showing the change of the relationship between the position of the detection point and the conductivity in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. FIG. FIG. 6B is a graph showing the change of the relationship between the position of the detection point and the conductivity in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2. FIG. 6C is a graph showing the change of the relationship between the position of the detection point and the conductivity in Example 3 and Comparative Example 3. FIG. FIG. 7A is a graph showing the change of the relationship between the position of the detection point and the conductivity in Embodiment 4. FIG. FIG. 7B is a graph showing the change of the relationship between the position of the detection point and the conductivity in Embodiment 5. FIG. FIG. 8 is a graph showing the change of the relationship between the amount of fertilizer and the conductivity in Example 6. FIG. 9A and 9B are graphs showing the relationship between the position of the detection point and the electrical conductivity before and after the rain in Example 7, respectively.

1: Field Zhan Shui Sensing Device

10: Conductivity ruler

11: Circuit unit

12: Power supply unit

2: Cloud server

3: Remote monitoring platform

Claims (10)

A field zhanshui sensing device, which includes: A conductivity ruler, which is provided with at least one detection point, and the at least one detection point is provided with a conductivity electrode group; A circuit unit, which is electrically connected to the conductivity ruler, is used to provide the voltage signal and/or current signal required by the conductivity ruler, and receive the detection signal from the conductivity ruler; the circuit unit includes: Excitation signal source module, signal processing and control module, microprocessor, display module, data storage module, output module, and control node module; among them The excitation signal source module is electrically connected to the conductivity electrode group; The excitation signal source module is electrically connected to the signal processing and control module; The microprocessor and the signal processing and control module, the display module, the data storage module, the output module, and the control node module are electrically connected; and A power supply unit module is electrically connected with the circuit unit to provide required power. Such as the field Zhan Shui sensing device described in claim 1, wherein the conductivity ruler is further provided with at least one temperature detection point, and the at least one temperature detection point is provided with an electrical connection with the excitation signal source module The temperature electrode group is used to detect the water temperature of the area to be measured. According to the field Zhanshui sensing device described in claim 1, wherein the at least one detection point is plural, and the distance between each detection point is in the range of 0.5-5 cm. For the field zhanshui sensing device described in claim 3, the excitation signal source module is electrically connected to the conductivity electrode groups in the plurality of detection points in parallel. Such as the field Zhanshui sensing device described in claim 1, wherein the detection signal is an analog signal or a digital signal. A field Zhan Shui sensing system, which includes: A cloud server; At least one field Zhan Shui sensing device as described in any one of claim items 1 to 5, which is connected to the cloud server via a wireless network and transmits conductivity information of at least one detection point to the cloud server ;as well as A remote monitoring platform connected to the cloud server via a wireless network to control the Zhan Shui sensing device and obtain the conductivity information of the at least one detection point, and then based on the location of the at least one detection point And conductivity information to generate a Zhan Shui detection information. For example, the field clear water sensing system described in claim 6, wherein the clear water detection information includes at least any one or more selected from among water level height, sediment depth, fertilization condition, rainfall condition, and water pollution condition. For example, the field Zhan Shui sensing system described in claim 6, which further includes an input sluice controller and an output sluice controller connected to the remote monitoring platform to adjust the input or output in the area to be tested Water flow. For example, the field Zhanshui sensing system described in claim 6, wherein the remote monitoring platform is a smart phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, or a desktop computer. A method for sensing field clear water, which system includes the following steps: 1. Insert the conductivity ruler of the field Zhan Shui sensing device described in any one of the requirements 1 to 5 into the area to be measured vertically until the bottom of the conductivity ruler touches the ground for detection, and obtain at least one survey Conductivity information at the measuring point; and 2. Obtain Zhan Shui detection information based on the location of the at least one detection point and the conductivity information; where The Zhanshui detection information includes at least any one or more of the water level height, the depth of the sediment, the fertilization status, the rainfall status, and the water pollution status.

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