TW202117137A - Buoyant vessel - Google Patents

Abstract

A buoyant vessel has a hull and a keel inside the hull. In a direction following the keel, the buoyant vessel sequentially includes: a first segment, including a bridge structure and two supporting legs on each side of the hull; a second segment, including two supporting legs on each side of the hull; and a third segment, including one supporting leg and a crane, wherein a turntable of the crane and the keel in the third segment fundamentally overlap, the aforementioned supporting legs are configured to operably to abut the seabed surface for elevating the buoyant vessel, and the keel extends through the first, second and third segments.

Description

Water vehicle

The invention provides an aquatic vehicle, in particular a water vehicle mainly having five supporting feet.

A conventional water vehicle for loading a platform or wind turbine, with three, four or six supporting feet used to lift the water vehicle from the seabed to install the platform or wind turbine. Among them, the deck of the water vehicle contains a crane, which is used to lift the equipment on the water vehicle and install the platform or wind turbine. The crane is usually set up corresponding to the position of one of the supporting legs. This setting will cause the overall structure of the conventional water vehicle to be an asymmetric structure (for example, four supporting legs are set at the four diagonal corners, and the crane also Located in one of the corners). This asymmetrical design often results in the limitation of the conventional water vehicle's ability to withstand lateral forces from the sea or wind, such as lateral wind, ocean waves, seabed liquefaction, or seabed stratum collapse (Punch through) , The sideways overturned due to the impact, unable to continue the operation, not only delayed the installation work, but also damaged the equipment carried on the water vehicle.

According to the aforementioned technical requirements, the present invention provides a water vehicle that can withstand better sea waves or sea breeze during installation operations offshore or at sea. This water vehicle includes a hull and a keel in the hull. The keel is an important structure for the main load-bearing, stable weight, and ballast of the hull. The hull includes in order along the direction of the keel: a first section, including a bridge And two first supporting legs on both sides of the hull; a second section including two second supporting legs on both sides of the hull; and a third section including a third supporting leg and A crane, in which when viewed from the direction of gravity of the water vehicle, at least a part of the turntable of the crane overlaps or is located within the range of the keel.

10: Water vehicle

110: Hull

111: keel

112: The first section

1121: Funabashi

1122: first support foot

1123: Helipad

113: Second section

1131: second support foot

114: Third section

1141: third support leg

1142: Crane

11421: turntable

1143: Single pile carrier

A: The lifting angle can be rotated

CG, CG10: Center of gravity position

G: Gravity direction

W: weight of the water vehicle

Figures 1 and 2 show a perspective view and a top view schematic diagram of a water vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3A and 3B show schematic diagrams of the supporting feet of the water vehicle descending to abut against the seabed according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the position of the center of gravity of the water vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is located within the polygonal range formed by a plurality of supporting legs.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the hoisting and rotatable angle of the crane according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the lifting rotatable angle of two cranes according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a single-pile platform and a helipad according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, there is shown a three-dimensional perspective and a top view schematic diagram of a water vehicle 10 provided by the present invention. The water vehicle 10 is used for installation operations offshore or at sea, which can withstand better waves or sea breeze. . The water vehicle 10 has a hull 110 and a keel 111 in the hull. The keel 111 is an important structure for the main load-bearing, stable weight, ballast, etc. located in the hull 110. The structure is a particularly strong structural part of the hull 110, so the keel 111 can be regarded as a part of the structural range with high strength. Generally, the structure of the keel part has a thicker material, stronger load resistance and strain resistance than other hull parts. In shipbuilding, the structure of the keel part is often the structural part that is constructed and laid first. The hull 110 includes in sequence along the direction of the keel: a first section 112 including two first supporting legs 1122 located on both sides of the hull 110 (the figure shows an embodiment of the bridge 1121 in the first section 112 However, the bridge can also be in other sections, please refer to the subsequent embodiments); a second section 113, including two second supporting legs 1131 located on both sides of the hull; and a third section 114, including a The third supporting leg 1141 and a crane 1142, where viewed from the gravity direction G of the water vehicle, the turntable 11421 of the crane 1142 is at least partially overlapped within the range of the keel 110 (the turntable 11421 is a bridge that connects the boom and the portal to the deck Rotating device). It should be noted that in the top view of FIG. 2, although a part of the boom of the crane 1142 is in the first section 112 and the second section 113, the crane 1142 still belongs to the third section 114.

The keel 111 is a continuous structure that penetrates the hull 110 of the first, second, and third sections 112, 113, and 114. Referring to FIG. 3B, the aforementioned supporting feet 1122, 1131, 1141 can be used to abut the seabed to lift the water vehicle 10. When the water vehicle 10 does not arrive at the construction site, the supporting feet 1122, 1131, 1141 can be stored on the water vehicle 10 (Figure 1). When the water vehicle 10 arrives at the construction site, the supporting feet 1122, 1131, 1141 can be lowered to abut the seabed (FIG. 3B), jack up the water vehicle 10 and start operation.

The aforementioned first, second, and third sections 112, 113, 114 are for ease of description. For the segmentation of the hull 110 and the keel 111, the distances of the first, second, and third sections 112, 113, 114 along the keel direction are basically The above is the same, that is, the first, second, and third sections 112, 113, 114 are respectively 1/3, 1/3, and 1/3 of the section length ratio along the keel direction. These segment ranges do not overlap with each other. In other words, respectively The parts of the hull 110 and the keel 111 belonging to the first, second, and third sections 112, 113, and 114 do not overlap with each other. Wherein, the center of gravity CG10 of the water vehicle 10 is located in the second section 113 (viewed from the gravity direction G of the water vehicle 10, the center of gravity CG10 of the water vehicle 10 is located in the second section 113). The weight of the first section 112 needs to correspond to the weight of the third section 114 (or the weight of the third section 114 and the predetermined lifting weight on the crane 1142) in order to maintain the center of gravity of the water vehicle 10 at the second Within section 113. Similarly, the two second supporting legs 1131 located in the second section 113 have the function of maintaining the lever balance point between the bridge 1121 and the crane 1142 and reducing the force applied by the first supporting legs 1122 and the third supporting legs 1141. The two second supporting legs 1131 abut the seabed to achieve a balance between multiple points of force, which can reduce the force exerted by the other supporting legs 1122 and 1141 against the seabed. This method is simpler and faster than the prior art. The force applied by all the supporting feet 1122, 1131, 1141 to the seabed can be essentially the same, so that the reaction force of the seabed on the hull through all the supporting feet is balanced, and the point of action of the equivalent resultant force of the applied force can correspond to The position of the keel 111 is the middle of the hull 110 and the strongest structure, so that the balance of the water vehicle 10 and the service life can be maintained.

In addition, due to the balance effect of the two second supporting legs 1131 and the effect of reducing the force exerted by the first supporting leg 1122 and the third supporting leg 1141, the details will be described later. FIG. 3A shows that the supporting feet 1122 and 1141 descend to abut the seabed, and the force applied by the supporting feet 1122 and 1141 are W/4 and W/2, respectively, where W is the weight of the water vehicle 10. In this way, the two first supporting legs 1122 and the one third supporting leg 1141 can carry the weight of the water vehicle 10. Fig. 3B shows that after continuation of Fig. 3A, the second supporting leg 1131 descends to abut the seabed. With the second supporting foot 1131 sharing the weight of the water vehicle 10, the force applied by the supporting feet 1122 and 1141 is reduced to W/5. After this force is redistributed, when the force applied by any of the supporting feet is not too low or too high, it is balanced and quickly adjusted after each supporting foot is applied with an average force. There is no need to rely on the load-bearing capacity of a single supporting foot to a large extent. Lower each support foot for water vehicles 10 The moment caused by the center of gravity position CG10 reduces the possibility of the water vehicle 10 tilting. The water vehicle 10 still maintains a basically balanced state during the force adjustment process, and will not skew as a whole due to uneven force application of part of the supporting feet.

From another point of view, in the design of the five supporting legs, when one of the supporting legs is damaged, malfunctions, or collapses to the seabed (Punch through), the other four supporting legs can still support the water vehicle 10, substantially To extend the allowable time for waiting for rescue or repairs. Observed from the gravity direction G of the water vehicle 10, the center of gravity position CG10 of the water vehicle 10 is located within the polygonal range formed by other supporting legs, so the water vehicle 10 can still stand stably on the seabed. For example, FIG. 4 shows that when a supporting leg 1122 is damaged, malfunctions, or penetrates the seabed, the center of gravity position CG10 of the water vehicle 10 is still within the polygonal range formed by the other supporting legs, and the water vehicle 10 is still Can stand stably on the seabed.

1 and 2, in an embodiment, viewed from the gravity direction G of the water vehicle 10, the positions of the two first supporting feet 1122 in the first section 112 on the hull 110 are basically mirror-symmetrical ( Mirror symmetric) on the keel 111 (the mirror reference is located in the keel 111). Viewed from the gravity direction G of the water vehicle 10, the second supporting leg 1131 in the second section 113 is also arranged at the hull of the ship to be substantially mirror symmetric on the keel 111. In this design, the main structure for the water vehicle 10 to bear the force is the keel 111, which is the middle of the hull 110 and the position of the strength structure. The aforementioned "substantially mirror-symmetrical" means that the two supporting legs are mirror-symmetrical to the keel 111, and this "mirror-symmetrical" can tolerate an error value, such as 5%, 10%, and other error ranges. These error ranges may be manufacturing , Modification, or errors in use.

In addition, the first, second, and third supporting legs 1122, 1131, 1141 are located on the edge side of the hull 110. The aforementioned edge side, for example, the length or width of the water vehicle 10 is 1/3, 1/4, 1/5 or other ratio range. In this way, compared to the center of gravity CG10 of the water vehicle 10, the first, second, and third supporting legs 1122, 1131, 1141 have a longer arm distance. When adjusting the force of the first, second, and third supporting legs 1122, 1131, 1141, due to the relationship of the longer arm in the lever principle, the influence on the center of gravity CG10 of the water vehicle 10 is lower, making the waterborne vehicle 10 The stability of the 10 in the adjustment is still maintained.

In one embodiment, when viewed in the direction of gravity of the water vehicle 10, at least a part of the turntable 11421 of the crane 1142 overlaps the keel 111. The turntable 11421 of the crane 1142 substantially overlaps the third supporting leg 1141 (in one embodiment, the turntable 11421 of the crane 1142 rotates around the third supporting leg 1141). The center of gravity CG of the crane 1142 basically overlaps with the third support foot 1141. The term “basically” means that most of the operation time is overlapped, because the center of gravity position CG of the crane 1142 may change position due to the movement of the boom. Or change the position due to the hanging objects on it. "Substantially overlapped" can mean that when empty and the boom is placed in a predetermined storage position, or overlapped most of the time. In addition, "substantially overlap" can also mean that two locations are close to or overlap each other. In this way, whether it is the crane 1142 or the crane 1142 and its lifting weight, it is mainly borne by the keel 111 and the third supporting leg 1141 of the water vehicle 10. In addition, the crane 1142 or the crane 1142 and the weight of the crane 1142 are generally applied to the seabed by the third supporting leg 1141. In this way, the force moment applied to the water vehicle 10 by the crane 1142 or the crane 1142 and the weight of the crane 1142 can be greatly reduced. In this way, the unbalance of the water vehicle 10 caused by the crane 1142 or the crane 1142 and the weight of the crane 1142 can be greatly reduced.

Referring to the figure, in an embodiment, the third supporting leg 1141 may be longer than the first and second supporting legs 1122 and 1131. The supporting legs of the crane, which are mainly used to carry cranes, are usually easier to cause seabed stratum collapse. One of the purposes of this longer third supporting leg 1141 is to provide the third supporting leg 1141 when the seabed stratum collapses. It can still continue to contact deeper parts of the seabed, and the water vehicle is not easy to tilt due to the collapse of the seabed surface. In one embodiment, the length of the longer third supporting leg 1141 can be adjusted by the supporting leg subunit provided in the embodiments described later, so that the length of the third supporting leg 1141 can be adjusted flexibly at any time as needed. The details See the description of the relevant embodiment for details.

In addition to the aforementioned five supporting legs, in one embodiment, the water vehicle of the present invention can also be designed with seven supporting legs. Except for the two first supporting feet 1122 on both sides of the hull 110 in the first section 112, when viewed in the direction of gravity of the water vehicle 10, the water vehicle is between the first and second sections 112, 113, or Between the second and third sections 113 and 114, a fourth section is included (for example, depending on whether the bridge 1121 is in the first or third section 112, 114; the turbine is located in the first, second, or third section 112, 113 , 114 and other counterweight related factors determine the location). For the related content of the fourth section, please refer to the descriptions of the first and second sections 112 and 113. This fourth section includes two fourth supporting legs located on both sides of the hull 110. The added fourth supporting foot can further share the weight of the water vehicle 10 and increase the stability of the water vehicle 10.

5, in one embodiment, viewed from the gravity direction G of the water vehicle 10, the edge of the hull 110 around the crane 1142 includes two oblique edge sides, and the crane 1142 is greater than 180 degrees, especially greater than 270 degrees. The hoisting rotatable angle A represents that the crane 1142 can lift objects within the hoisting rotatable angle A. The design of the oblique edge side increases the working angle range of the crane 1142, and also allows more parking spaces for loading and unloading objects beside the water vehicle, improving the efficiency of loading and unloading objects.

In one embodiment, the water vehicle of the present invention may be a Jack-up vessel or other similar water vehicles.

6, in one embodiment, the water vehicle 10 of the present invention can be used with another water The upper carriers 10 are side by side with their supporting legs abutting the seabed. The cranes on the water carriers are located on the same side. The cranes can simultaneously lift cargo from both sides of a ship. After the cargo leaves the ship, the ship can leave. The two water vehicles 10 simultaneously lift cargoes. For heavier cargoes, the lifting capacity is particularly good, and the water vehicles 10 are not easy to tilt. In addition, the two water vehicles 10 can simultaneously lift the goods, and the goods can also be vertical (the lifting heights of the two cranes are different). This is a very dangerous operation in the water vehicles of the prior art, but it is low in the present invention. Dangerous and efficient operation method.

The seabed often has a variety of uneven terrain, and sometimes the depth of the seabed offshore may be deeper. In one embodiment, based on this requirement, the water vehicle of the present invention may further include a plurality of supporting leg sub-units, which can be detachably installed on the supporting legs (for example, riveting, locking, etc.) to adjust the supporting legs separately The length of the supporting leg can be adjusted to correspond to various seabed topography, and the water vehicle of the present invention can also adjust the length of the supporting foot accordingly. In addition, each supporting foot unit can have a different appearance color to facilitate identification by the operator. In other words, the water vehicle of the present invention includes five supporting legs, although there are more supporting legs than the three or four supporting legs in the prior art, it still has the flexibility to adjust the length of each supporting leg.

In an embodiment, the seabed may have a variety of different geology, such as clay, soft mud, or harder rock formations. There may be various situations when the supporting feet contact the seabed, such as the bottom of the supporting feet sinking into the clay or soft mud on the seabed. ; Or the seabed surface is hard and the sea breeze is strong, the bottom of the supporting feet is easy to move and it is difficult to maintain a fixed position on the seabed. According to these situations, the present invention also provides related solutions. For example, there are multiple jet nozzles at the bottom. When the bottom is trapped in the clay or soft mud on the seabed and it is difficult to pull off the seabed (uneven force may cause the water vehicle to tilt), the jet nozzles eject gas or liquid, creating a gap between the bottom and the seabed. The loosening of the gap to assist the bottom to separate from the seabed, the operation of the jet nozzle has little effect on the structure of the seabed.

Referring to FIG. 7, in a water vehicle according to the present invention, the third section 114 may be Contains a monopile gripper 1143, which includes an annular carrier used to assist in the installation of a monopile wind turbine foundation (Monopile foundation), this annular carrier 1143 is to assist in the erection of the monopile wind turbine foundation Straight fixture. In addition, the first section 112 may also include a helipad 1123 to facilitate the transportation of emergency personnel.

The present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments, but the above is only for making it easier for those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention, and is not used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Under the same spirit of the present invention, those skilled in the art can think of various equivalent changes. For example, the shape of the supporting foot, the installation position and angle, the type of crane, the length of the boom, etc. are only examples, and may not be limited to the content exemplified in the drawings or manuals. In addition, for the purpose of simple illustration, the carried objects are not shown on the water vehicle, and the user can select the carried objects according to their needs during implementation. The scope of the present invention should cover the above and all other equivalent changes.

10: Water vehicle

110: Hull

111: keel

1121: Funabashi

1122: first support foot

1131: second support foot

1141: third support leg

1142: Crane

11421: turntable

G: Gravity direction

Claims (8)

A water vehicle has a hull and a keel in the hull. The hull includes in order along the direction of the keel: A first section, including two first supporting feet located on both sides of the hull; A second section, including two second supporting feet located on both sides of the hull; and A third section, including a third supporting leg and a crane, wherein at least a part of the turntable of the crane overlaps the range of the keel; The keel penetrates the hull of the first, second, and third sections, and the supporting feet are used to abut the seabed to support the water vehicle. For example, the water vehicle of claim 1, which is located between the first and second sections, or between the second and third sections, the water vehicle further includes a fourth section, and the fourth section includes Two fourth supporting feet located on both sides of the hull. Such as the water vehicle of claim 1, wherein the length of the third supporting leg is longer than the first and second supporting legs. For example, the water vehicle of claim 1 further includes a ship bridge, and the ship bridge is located in the first section or the third section. Such as the water vehicle of claim 1, wherein the center of gravity of the turntable basically overlaps the keel; and the center of gravity of the turntable basically overlaps the range of the third supporting leg, the turntable of the crane is around the second The three supporting feet rotate. Such as the water vehicle of claim 1, wherein the weight of the first section corresponds to the weight of the third section. For example, in the water vehicle of claim 1, wherein any one of the first, second, and third supporting legs appears to penetrate (Punch through), the other supporting legs can still support the weight of the water vehicle, and the water The position of the center of gravity of the upper carrier is located within the polygonal range formed by the other supporting legs. Such as the water vehicle of claim 1, wherein when the water vehicle reaches the construction site, the supporting feet of the first and third sections first abut the seabed, and then the supports of the second section The feet abut the seabed to reduce the force exerted on the seabed by the supporting feet of the first and third sections.

Images