TW202113177A - Fasermischung aus Cellulose-Regeneratfasern und deren Verwendung in Wattierungen, insbesondere für thermisch isolierende Bekleidung - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fiber mixture of man-made cellulose fibers, to a fiber composition, containing said fiber mixture and fibers different therefrom, to a padding, containing said fiber mixture or said fiber composition, and to a textile article, containing said fiber mixture or said fiber composition or said padding. The invention further relates to the use of the fiber mixture of man-made cellulose fibers to produce a textile article, in particular for thermally insulating clothing, and in general for thermal and/or acoustic insulation.

Description

Fiber mixture composed of man-made cellulose fiber and its application

The present invention relates to a fiber mixture composed of man-made cellulose fibers, a fiber composition containing the fiber mixture and fibers different therefrom, a cotton lining containing the fiber mixture or the fiber composition, and a fiber mixture containing the fiber mixture Or the fiber composition or the cotton-lined textile. The invention also relates to the use of a fiber mixture composed of man-made cellulose fibers for the manufacture of textiles, especially for insulating clothing, and generally for thermal and/or sound insulation. Fiber mixtures composed of man-made cellulose fibers are in particular fiber mixtures composed of regenerated cellulose fibers.

High demands are placed on fibers used for thermal insulation in the textile field, such as sportswear and outdoor clothing. The desired characteristics are complex and include requirements for high wearing comfort, maintenance, and other material properties in addition to pure insulation quality. This includes high thermal insulation, sufficient hydrophobicity (ie water resistance) to prevent wetting from the outside, high wearing comfort, good tactile properties (softness), and good humidity balance, which means that sweat is absorbed from the skin and emitted to Ability in the environment, good drying ability and good insulation properties even when wet, good washability, resistance to fiber migration due to antistatic properties, antibacterial properties, etc. Fibers used for heat or sound insulation of buildings, vehicles, engineering facilities and household appliances must also meet a variety of requirements. Claim. Therefore, the heat insulation part should also frequently absorb moisture, seal, protect components, etc. The sound insulation should also reduce noise, reduce echoes, and additionally also be insulated.

There is currently a large demand for fibers for heat and sound insulation that also meet the ecological requirements for the use of durable materials. In addition to the abandonment of fossil mineral oil as a raw material, this includes the ecologically appropriate manufacturing process and biodegradability/compostability of the fiber. Up to now, the fibers used for heat and sound insulation still need improvement in terms of excellent application characteristics and consistency in environmental compatibility. It is therefore known to use polyester fibers for thermal insulation, for example as a filler for sportswear and outdoor clothing. Although polyester fibers are characterized by good thermal insulation properties, they are neither made of durable materials nor biodegradable. Its application characteristics, such as the good breathability and water vapor buffering capacity of the cotton lining or the humidity management of the material, still need to be improved when used in sportswear and outdoor clothing.

The cellulose obtained from plants has been used for a long time to produce textiles and materials for heat and sound insulation in buildings, vehicles, engineering facilities and household appliances. In order to make fibers from cellulose, all that is required is that the cellulose is first dissolved and squeezed through corresponding forming tools. For this reason, cellulose can be dissolved in a suitable solvent without chemical derivatization and undergo fiber formation upon re-solidification. Alternatively, the cellulose can be converted into a more soluble form by derivatization, for example by esterification, and then processed into fibers. The industrially manufactured cellulose fibers are called man-made cellulose fibers. The most commonly used method before is the so-called viscose fiber method, in which cellulose is first soaked in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and the cellulose is converted to cellulose under swelling conditions, which is subsequently It is pressed and then mechanically split into fine particle fibers, dissolved in carbon disulfide and spun. The method is extremely environmentally polluting and resource intensive. A further development is the use of so-called direct solvents for cellulose. Belong to this There are tertiary amine oxides and especially N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO). The cellulose regenerated fiber prepared from a cellulose solution in a tertiary amine oxide as a solvent according to the direct solvent method has the general term Lyocell. Lyocell fibers are used in non-woven fabrics and engineering applications in the textile industry. Due to the hydrophilic nature of the fibers, the fibers have not been used to make cotton linings for thermal insulation so far.

WO 2018/102281 A1 describes a self-adjusting insulation cotton lining, which comprises a non-woven fabric based on a large number of functional and non-functional fibers, wherein the functional fibers adjust the insulation properties of the cotton lining according to environmental conditions. Thus, for example, the insulation properties can be matched to the user or his activities and to the change of the microclimate between the cotton lining and the user's body. The fiber of the cotton lining can be selected from a large number of different fiber types. Man-made cellulose fibers and especially lyocell fibers are mentioned within the scope of the large-scale inventory, but are not preferred. As a preferred embodiment, polyester fibers are mentioned. The fibers used in cotton linings can also have a large number of different physical and chemical properties. It is generally mentioned here that the fineness of the fiber can be different, which can be used in the micro-denier range (0.7 to 1.0 denier) and the large denier range (1.1 denier to 8.0 denier) ) Within the fiber. It is also generally described that the fibers can be coated with silicone. The document does not have any indication that it is possible to use a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers of a very specific fineness to produce a cotton lining with good biodegradability and at the same time good application characteristics.

WO 2018/184937 A1 describes a non-woven fabric composed of cellulose fibers made from lyocell spinning solution, and the non-woven fabric includes fibers with different diameters, wherein the fiber with the largest diameter The ratio to the fiber with the smallest diameter is >1.5. The criticality of a specific fineness value is also not mentioned in this document.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fiber for heat and sound insulation and a cotton lining based thereon. The fiber and cotton lining have good application characteristics and at the same time are good biodegradable, especially decayable and can Composted. In particular, cotton lining should have good physical properties of clothing, especially for sportswear and outdoor clothing.

Surprisingly, it has now been found that the stated object is achieved by a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers with a specific ratio of fibers of different finenesses. Preferably, this is cellulose regenerated fiber and especially lyocell fiber. In particular, the fibers have a silicone-containing finish (Ausrüstung), in which (for example, due to different finishing methods) different fiber deniers have different amounts of silicone coating on the fiber surface.

The first subject of the present invention is a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers, based on the total weight of the cellulose fibers, the mixture comprising:

a) 10% to 90% by weight of fibers with a fineness in the range of 4.0 dtex to 9.5 dtex, and

b) 90% to 10% by weight of fibers with a fineness in the range of 0.9 dtex to 3.5 dtex.

Preferably, the man-made cellulose fibers are selected from cellulose regenerated fibers, derived cellulose fibers and mixtures thereof.

A preferred embodiment is a mixture of cellulose regenerated fibers, which is made from a solution in a tertiary amine oxide as a solvent. Based on the total weight of the cellulose regenerated fibers, the mixture contains:

a) 10% to 90% by weight of fibers with a fineness in the range of 4.0 dtex to 9.5 dtex, and

b) 90% to 10% by weight of fibers with a fineness in the range of 0.9 dtex to 3.5 dtex.

Another preferred embodiment is a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers, said mixture comprising at least one cellulose ester fiber or said mixture consisting of cellulose ester fiber. In particular, the cellulose ester fiber is cellulose acetate fiber.

Another subject of the present invention is a fiber composition comprising: a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers, as defined above and below; and fibers different therefrom, preferably selected from polyester fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, Thermoplastic starch fibers, cellulose-containing natural fibers, fibers different from natural polymers, polyurethane fibers and mixtures thereof.

Another preferred embodiment is a fiber composition comprising: a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers, as defined above and below; and additional polyester fibers as fibers different from it. A special embodiment is a fiber composition that includes a mixture of cellulose regenerated fibers and additionally includes at least one fiber different therefrom, selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid fiber, poly(vinyl succinate) fiber, poly( Butylene succinate) fiber and mixtures thereof.

Another subject of the present invention is an insulating cotton liner, which includes a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers, as defined above and below, or a fiber composition, as defined above and below , And at least one adhesive. A preferred embodiment is an insulating cotton liner, which includes a mixture of cellulose regenerated fibers, as defined above and below, and at least one binder.

Another subject of the present invention is a textile which includes a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers, as defined above and below, or a fiber composition, as defined above and below, or a spacer Thermal cotton lining, as defined above and below. A preferred embodiment is a textile, which includes a blend of cellulose regenerated fibers Or include an insulating cotton lining, which includes a mixture of cellulose regenerated fibers.

Another subject of the present invention is a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers, in particular a mixture of regenerated cellulose fibers, as defined above and below, for use in the manufacture of thermally insulated cotton linings. The cotton lining is especially biodegradable and/or bacteriostatic.

Another subject of the present invention is a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers, in particular a mixture of regenerated cellulose fibers, as defined above and below, or insulated cotton linings, as described above and below As defined, it is used in the manufacture of textile applications.

Another subject of the present invention is a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers, as defined above and below, or a fiber composition, as defined above and below, or an insulating cotton lining, As defined above and below, for thermal and/or sound insulation applications.

Plastic materials are considered biodegradable when at least 60% of the organic carbon is converted in a laboratory test for up to six months. According to DIN EN 13432: 2000-12 for compostability, the product must be decomposed into pieces smaller than 2mm by at least 90% in an industrial composting facility within a maximum of 90 days.

The man-made cellulose fibers according to the present invention are particularly advantageously suitable for heat and/or sound insulation of, for example, buildings, vehicles, engineering facilities and household appliances. The man-made cellulose fibers are particularly suitable for use in cotton linings for textiles, such as sportswear and outdoor clothing.

The mixture of cellulose regenerated fibers and the cotton lining based thereon according to the present invention have the following advantages:

-Cotton lining is characterized by very good thermal insulation. The cotton lining is It also maintains its thermal insulation effect when sweating and getting wet. The thermal resistance value Rct is reached, which corresponds to the thermal resistance value of the polyester cotton lining.

-Cotton lining also has a very good humidity balance, that is, the ability to absorb sweat from the skin and disperse it into the environment (breathability, low water vapor resistance Ret). This achieves better values than similar polyester cotton linings. Unlike the polyester cotton lining, the cotton lining according to the present invention can also absorb water vapor (water vapor absorption capacity Fi) in the fiber without feeling damp. This causes a more comfortable skin sensation, in which no sweating sensation is produced. In addition, the cotton lining based on cellulose regenerated fiber has the ability to store water vapor generated by sweating in the fiber (the cushioning effect of water vapor Fd), thereby avoiding the accumulation of moisture between the skin and the textile. The drying time of sweat-soaked textiles corresponds to the drying time of polyester.

-The cotton lining is biodegradable. Here, the cotton lining has rotted in a short period of time (2.5 to 3 months) when it is normally buried in soil with a pH value of <7. Under the condition of pH> 7 and temperature up to 60°C, when composting with aggressive bacteria, faster degradation (1 to 1.5 months) can be observed under more severe conditions. The cotton lining meets the requirements for certification according to OEKO-TEX®STANDARD.

-Cotton lining has antibacterial properties, so that less unpleasant odors are produced due to the decomposition of sweat during sports activities. This is another advantage over polyester cotton lining.

-Cotton lining also has antistatic properties and is resistant to fiber migration.

-The tactile properties are very comfortable (high softness), and accompanied by high wearing comfort.

Man-made cellulose fiber

In man-made cellulose fibers (industrially produced cellulose fibers), a distinction is made between non-derivatized cellulose fibers and derived cellulose fibers. In order to make cellulose fibers, one must First, the solid cellulose in fibrous form is dissolved. To this end, cellulose can be dissolved in a suitable solvent and re-solidified to form fibers. In the method, non-derivatized cellulose fibers are obtained, which are also called cellulose regenerated fibers, ie the fibers obtained are composed of cellulose in addition. Regenerated cellulose fibers are a preferred embodiment of man-made cellulose fibers.

Alternatively, the cellulose can be derivatized by derivatization, for example by esterification with an organic or inorganic acid, so as to be placed in a more soluble form, and then processed into fibers. Preferably, organic carboxylic acids, especially acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and mixtures thereof are used for esterification. The derivatized cellulose fiber may comprise a cellulose ester whose ester group is derived from a single carboxylic acid, a cellulose mixed ester whose ester group is derived from two or more carboxylic acids, and any mixtures thereof. Cellulose acetate is preferably used to form fibers. In the manufacture of cellulose acetate, cellulose triacetate (CTA) is usually obtained first, the so-called primary acetate, in which all three hydroxyl groups of the glucose structural unit are acetylated. Before being further processed into textile fibers, cellulose triacetate can be partially hydrolyzed. Here, the degree of hydrolysis can be set via the reaction time and temperature, for example. In this way, secondary cellulose acetate (such as 2½ acetate or diacetate) with the desired degree of saponification can be obtained.

A particular embodiment of the present invention is a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers containing at least one cellulose ester fiber. Another particular embodiment of the present invention is a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers composed of cellulose ester fibers. Preferably, the mixture of man-made cellulose fibers is as follows, based on the total weight of the fibers contained in the mixture of man-made cellulose fibers, the mixture of man-made cellulose fibers contains: at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 75% by weight, especially It is at least 90% by weight of cellulose ester fibers. Particularly preferred is a mixture of rayon cellulose fibers, based on the total weight of the fibers contained in the rayon cellulose fiber mixture, the rayon cellulose fiber mixture contains: at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 75% by weight % By weight, especially at least 90% by weight of cellulose acetate fiber.

Cellulose Regenerated Fiber

The fiber mixture according to the invention is preferably composed of cellulose regenerated fibers. To produce regenerated fibers, solid cellulose in a fibrous form is dissolved in a solvent, pressed through a spinning nozzle in a solubilized state, and then regenerated into solid cellulose (in the form of cellulose fibers) again. The cellulose regenerated fiber used according to the present invention is manufactured by using a tertiary amine oxide as a solvent according to the direct solvent method. Preferably, N-methyl-morpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) is used as the solvent. As mentioned at the beginning, the cellulose regenerated fiber produced in this way has the common name Lyocell designated by BISFA (International Agency for Manmade Fibers Standardization). The method for manufacturing lyocell fibers is described, for example, in US-A 4,246,221. The lyocell process is a durable and environmentally friendly manufacturing method because it allows the solvent N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide to be recovered almost completely during the process cycle. Lyocell fibers are provided by Lenzing AG under the trade name Tencel® in a wide range of finenesses. After the actual manufacturing through dissolution, spinning and curing, further processing steps such as cleaning, finishing, drying, crimping, cutting, etc. can be followed.

In a first suitable embodiment, the spun yarn is collected and formed into a tow (ie, a ribbon of parallel monofilaments). Then, further processing includes the following steps:

-If necessary, clean the tow;

-If necessary, bleach the tow;

-Apply finishing agent;

-Dry the tow;

-Crimp the tow;

-Cut the tow into segments;

-Press the fiber into a ball.

In a second suitable embodiment, the spun yarn is collected and formed into a tow. Then, further processing includes the following steps:

-Cut the tow into segments;

-Form fiber non-woven fabric;

-If necessary, clean the non-woven fabric;

-If necessary, bleach the non-woven fabric;

-Apply finishing agent;

-Dry the fiber;

-Open the fiber;

-Press the fiber into a ball.

In a particular embodiment, the mixture according to the invention comprises fibers manufactured according to the first embodiment and fibers manufactured according to the second embodiment.

In a particular embodiment, the fiber b) is manufactured according to the first embodiment.

In a particular embodiment, the fiber a) is manufactured according to the second embodiment.

The man-made cellulose fibers used are characterized by their fineness, that is, their weight with respect to a specific length. The so-called fineness of the fiber is specified in dtex (1dtex=0.1tex or 1 gram per 10,000 meters).

The mixture of man-made cellulose fibers according to the invention as component a) comprises fibers having a fineness in the range of 4.0 dtex to 9.5 dtex, preferably 5.0 dtex to 8.5 dtex, especially 6.0 dtex to 7.5 dtex. In a special embodiment, component a) has a fineness of 6.4 dtex Fiber composition within the range of 7.0 dtex. A particular embodiment is a mixture of regenerated cellulose fibers, which as component a) contains fibers having the aforementioned fineness.

The mixture of man-made cellulose fibers according to the invention as component b) comprises fibers having a fineness in the range of 0.9 dtex to 3.5 dtex, preferably 1.0 dtex to 2.5 dtex, especially 1.1 dtex to 2.2 dtex. In a particular embodiment, component b) is composed of fibers with a fineness in the range of 1.4 dtex to 2.0 dtex. A particular embodiment is a mixture of regenerated cellulose fibers, which as component b) contains fibers having the aforementioned fineness.

The mixture of rayon cellulose fibers according to the present invention contains 10% to 90% by weight, preferably 45% to 85% by weight, particularly preferably 55% to 75% by weight, based on the total weight of the rayon cellulose fibers, of component a ) Of the fiber.

A particular embodiment is a mixture of cellulose regenerated fibers, which contains 10% to 90% by weight, preferably 45% to 85% by weight, particularly preferably 55% to 75% by weight, based on the total weight of the cellulose regenerated fiber The fiber of component a).

The mixture of rayon cellulose fibers according to the present invention contains 90% to 10% by weight, preferably 15% to 55% by weight, particularly preferably 25% to 45% by weight, based on the total weight of rayon cellulose fibers, of component b ) Of the fiber.

A particular embodiment is a mixture of cellulose regenerated fibers, which contains 90% to 10% by weight, preferably 15% to 55% by weight, particularly preferably 25% to 45% by weight, based on the total weight of the cellulose regenerated fiber The fiber of component b).

A particular embodiment is a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers, which contains

a) 55% to 75% by weight of fibers with a fineness in the range of 6.4 dtex to 7.0 dtex; and

b) 25% to 45% by weight of fibers with a fineness in the range of 1.4dtex to 2.0dtex.

A more particular embodiment is a mixture of cellulose regenerated fibers, which contains

a) 55% to 75% by weight of fibers with a fineness in the range of 6.4 dtex to 7.0 dtex; and

b) 25% to 45% by weight of fibers with a fineness in the range of 1.4dtex to 2.0dtex.

Man-made cellulose fibers can withstand crimping. Crimping here is usually carried out before cutting the fibers, for example on the tow obtained in the spinning process. Examples of crimping of man-made cellulose fibers are contained in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,591,388 and 5,60,765, according to which the fiber bundle is compressed in a filling box and heated with dry steam. In order to obtain crimped man-made cellulose fibers, a melt foaming method can also be used to make fibers, in which the parent liquid is extruded into a high-speed airflow through a row of small-diameter openings, the airflow generally flowing parallel to the extruded fibers. The vortex during melt foaming then causes curling.

Preferably, the fibers of component b) are subjected to crimping.

The fibers of component a) are preferably also cut into wet monofilaments to undergo natural crimping. Preferably, no additional treatment is performed on the fibers of component a) to achieve crimping.

The rayon fiber preferably has a length in the range of 10 mm to 70 mm. A particular embodiment is a cellulose regenerated fiber having a length in the range of 10 mm to 70 mm.

Finishing agent

In a preferred embodiment, the man-made cellulosic fiber according to the present invention, especially the regenerated cellulosic fiber, has a finishing agent. The finish should be used to optimize material properties for the desired application purpose. This belongs especially to the fiber and the cotton lining obtained from it And the hydrophilic/hydrophobic modified finishing agent of textiles.

Preferably, the fibers a) and/or the fibers b) have a finishing agent on at least a part of their surface, the finishing agent being especially selected from

-Silicone,

-(C6-C30) Alkoxylate (Alkoxilaten) of alkanol,

-Fatty acids,

-Fatty alcohol,

-Mono- and bis-(C1-C30) alkyl esters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids,

-Paraffin

And its mixtures.

Preferably, the finishing agent of fiber a) and/or fiber b) contains at least one silicone resin. In the context of the present invention, the term "silicone resin" very generally includes low molecular weight oligomeric and polymeric organosiloxanes. It can be linear, branched or cyclic. It can also be substituted with functional groups and have different hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity. Silicone resin compounds suitable for finishing agents are, for example, selected from alkylsiloxanes, such as poly(dimethylsiloxane), alkylarylsiloxanes, such as poly(methylphenylsiloxane), cyclic Silicone resin, amino-modified silicone resin compound, fatty acid-based modified silicone resin compound, alcohol-based modified silicone resin compound, polyether-modified silicone resin compound, polyether-based and amino-modified silicone resin Compound, silicone resin compound modified with epoxy group, silicone resin compound modified with fluoroalkyl group, with (C2-C30)-alkyl, especially (C6-C22)-alkyl, modified silicone resin Compounds and mixtures thereof.

In a particular embodiment, the finishing agent of fiber a) and/or fiber b) comprises at least one hydrophilic silicone resin. Suitable hydrophilic silicone resins are those with at least one hydrophilic group. Molecular weight of oligomers and polymers of organosiloxanes. Such compounds are known in principle to those skilled in the art.

A suitable hydrophilic silicone resin is a silicone resin compound modified with an amino group, such as a compound named Amodimethicone (Amodimethicone). An example is the compound of general formula (I)

among them

p and q independently represent an integer of 0 to 1000, wherein the sum of (p+q) is 1 to 1000, preferably 5 to 500.

R ¹ and R ² are independently selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl and C ₁ -C ₄ alkoxy.

Preferably, in the compound of formula (I), p is 0 to 999. In the compound of formula (I), q is preferably 1 to 1000, particularly preferably 1 to 100, especially 1 to 10.

Suitable hydrophilic silicone resins are also silicone resin compounds modified with amino groups and ether groups. The silicone resin compound is composed of, for example, a silicone main chain having side ends and/or terminal polyether groups and amino groups.

Suitable hydrophilic silicone resins are also polyethylene glycol amino-functional block copolymers.

Suitable hydrophilic silicone resins are also silicone resin surfactants, especially polyether-modified silicones of the dimethicone type, such as bis(polyethylene glycol) dimethicone, general formula II .a is

among them

c represents an integer from 3 to 500, preferably from 5 to 250, and

u1 and u2 independently of each other represent 2 to 500, especially 3 to 250, especially 5 to 100.

Suitable hydrophilic silicone resins are also ethoxylated and/or propoxylated polydimethylsiloxanes with the general formula II.b

among them

The order of the siloxane units is arbitrary,

The residues R ⁴ each independently represent an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group or an aryl group,

d represents an integer between 2 and 1000,

e represents an integer between 2 and 100,

f represents an integer between 2 and 8, and

Z ³ represents the residue of formula II

-(OCH ₂ CH ₂ ) _u (OCH(CH ₃ )CH ₂ ) _v (O(CH ₂ ) ₄ ) _w -X ¹ -H (II)

among them

The order of the alkylene oxide units in formula II is arbitrary,

u, v, and w represent integers from 0 to 500 independently of each other, where the sum of u, v, and w>0,

X ¹ represents O or NR ³ , wherein R ³ represents hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl.

Suitable hydrophilic silicone resins include:

-Silicone resin compounds modified with alcohol groups,

-Silicone resin compounds modified with epoxy groups,

-Silicone compounds modified with 2-(1-aminoethyl)imidazolidinone.

Preferably, the finishing agent for fiber a) and/or fiber b) includes at least one (C6-C30) -Alkoxylates of alkanols, particularly preferably at least one (C8-C22)-alkanol alkoxylates. Suitable alkanols are, for example, natural or engineered alcohols and alcohol mixtures, such as fatty alcohols, oxo alcohols, Guerbet alcohols and the like. Alkoxy groups (ether groups) can be derived from ethylene oxide units, propylene oxide units, 1,2-butylene oxide units, 1,4-butylene oxide units, and combinations thereof. Alkoxylates with two or more different alkylene oxide units can be distributed statistically or in the form of blocks. The alkoxy group is preferably an ethylene oxide homopolymer or an ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer. Suitable alkoxylates of (C6-C30) alkanols are commercially available, for example as the Lutensol® AO brand of BASF SE, where this is a C13C15 oxo alcohol ethoxylate. Examples of this include Lutensol® AO 3, 3109, 5, 7, 79, 8, 11 and 109.

The finishing agent for fiber a) and/or fiber b) preferably contains at least one fatty acid. Fatty acids can be used here as hydrophobic agents. Suitable fatty acids are unbranched or branched, saturated or monounsaturated or polyunsaturated carboxylic acids having 6 to 30 carbon atoms. Fatty acids having 8 to 22 carbon atoms are preferred. The fatty acid is preferably selected from: caproic acid (caprylic acid), heptanoic acid (pecelic acid), caprylic acid (caprylic acid), pelargonic acid (capric acid), capric acid (capric acid), undecanoic acid, dodecane Acid (lauric acid), tridecanoic acid, myristic acid (myristic acid), pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid (palmitic acid), heptadecanoic acid (pecreic acid), octadecanoic acid (hard Fatty acid), octadecane-9,12-dienoic acid (linoleic acid), octadecane-9,12,15-trienoic acid (linolenic acid), octadecane-9-enoic acid (oleic acid) )Wait. Fatty acids can be used in finishing agents in the form of their metal salts.

Suitable fatty alcohols are unbranched or branched, saturated or monounsaturated or polyunsaturated primary alcohols having 6 to 30 carbon atoms. Alcohols having 8 to 22 carbon atoms are preferred. Fatty alcohols can come from natural or engineered sources and are used in the form of corresponding mixtures use. The fatty alcohol is preferably selected from: hexanol, octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, decanol, lauryl alcohol, isotridecanol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmitole alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol Fatty alcohol, oleyl alcohol, linoleyl alcohol, roseoleyl alcohol, linoleyl alcohol, linoleyl alcohol, bone fatty alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, eicosenol, behenyl alcohol, sinapyl alcohol and brassyl alcohol and mixtures thereof.

The finishing agent for fiber a) and/or fiber b) preferably comprises at least one mono- and di-(C1-C30)-alkyl ester of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid. Specific examples of these esters include dibutyl succinate, dipropyl succinate, dihexyl succinate, dioctyl succinate, di(2-ethylhexyl) succinate, dibutyl glutarate, pentane Dipropyl diacid, dihexyl glutarate, dioctyl glutarate, di(2-ethylhexyl) glutarate, dibutyl adipate, dipropyl adipate, adipic acid Dihexyl ester, dioctyl adipate, di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, dibutyl sebacate, dipropyl sebacate, dihexyl sebacate, dioctyl sebacate Ester, di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, dibutyl oxalate, dipropyl oxalate, dihexyl acetate, di-n-octyl acetate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) acetate ester. Dibutyl adipate is preferred.

Preferably, the finishing agent for fiber a) and/or fiber b) contains at least one paraffin wax. Paraffin wax is used here as a hydrophobic agent. For finishing, paraffin wax can be used, for example, in the form of an emulsion.

In a preferred embodiment, the fibers a) and/or the fibers b) have a finishing agent on at least a part of the surface thereof, and the finishing agent includes at least one hydrophilic silicone resin and/or at least one paraffin wax.

In particular, the fiber a) and the fiber b) have a finishing agent on at least a part of the surface thereof, and the finishing agent includes at least one hydrophilic silicone resin and at least one paraffin wax.

The finishing agent for fiber a) is preferably selected so that the finishing agent imparts hydrophobicity to the fiber. The man-made cellulose fibers according to the present invention, especially in the mixture of cellulose regenerated fibers The share of fiber a) results in advantageous clothing physiological properties, such as good bulkiness and good air inclusion, and thus good thermal insulation. Cotton linings based on a mixture of man-made cellulosic fibers according to the invention, in particular cellulose regenerated fibers, collapse less when wet and are characterized by good drying times.

The finishing agent for fiber b) is preferably selected such that the finishing agent does not substantially impart hydrophobicity to the fiber. The proportion of fiber b) in the mixture of man-made cellulose fibers according to the invention, in particular regenerated cellulose fibers, has a very soft textile hand. The finishing agent of fiber b) creates a denser surface and maintains air inclusions. The hand feel is felt to be comfortable and soft, and maintain hydrophilicity, especially the hydrophilicity naturally possessed by cellulose regenerated fibers. Compared to polyester cotton linings, the blends based on the man-made cellulose fibers according to the invention, especially the cotton linings based on the blends of cellulose regenerated fibers according to the invention, are characterized by better moisture management.

For example, one or more of the following measures can be used to achieve the above characteristics.

The finishing agent for fiber a) and/or fiber b) preferably contains at least one silicone resin, especially at least one hydrophilic silicone resin.

Preferably, the at least one silicone resin on fiber b) is based on the total weight of fiber b) contained in the mixture of rayon cellulose fibers and the total weight of fiber a) contained in the mixture of rayon cellulose fibers is based on The weight ratio of the at least one silicone resin on the fiber a) is 2:1 to 7:1, particularly preferably 3:1 to 6:1.

Preferably, the finishing of the fibers a) is carried out by spraying with the aid of at least one silicone resin. By spraying, the fiber a) can be coated with at least one silicone resin only on a part of its surface. In particular, the fibers a) are finished with at least one hydrophilic silicone resin by spraying.

Preferably, the fiber a) is coated with at least one silicone resin on at most 50% of its surface, particularly preferably at least 10% of its surface.

In particular, the fiber a) is coated with at least one hydrophilic silicone resin on at most 50% of its surface, particularly preferably at most 10% of its surface. In particular, the fiber a) is additionally free of hydrophobic silicone.

Preferably, the surface of the fiber a) not coated with at least one silicone resin is at least partially coated with at least one paraffin wax.

Preferably, the fibers b) are finished with at least one silicone resin by impregnation or padding. With this coating method, the fiber b) can be coated with at least one silicone resin over the entire surface.

Preferably, the surface of the fibers b) is substantially completely coated with a silicone resin, preferably at least 90% by weight, particularly preferably at least 95% by weight.

In particular, the surface of the fiber b) is substantially completely, preferably at least 90% by weight, particularly preferably at least 95% by weight, coated with at least one hydrophilic silicone resin.

After finishing, the man-made cellulose fibers can be dried. For drying, the finished fibers, for example in the form of tows, can be guided through a drying oven. The temperature during drying is preferably 50°C to 200°C, particularly preferably 100°C to 180°C.

In order to produce staple fibers (Stapelfasern), the dried tow or also the still wet tow is cut and the cut fibers are dried. A common cutting machine can be used for this.

Fiber composition

Another object of the present invention is a fiber composition comprising a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers and fibers different therefrom. With regard to suitable and preferred mixtures of man-made cellulose fibers, reference is made to the previous statements concerning these mixtures. Additionally, the fiber combination according to the invention The substance contains at least one fiber different from it. Preferably, fibers other than man-made cellulose fibers are biodegradable and/or compostable. Fibers different from man-made cellulose fibers are preferably selected from polyester fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, thermoplastic starch fibers, cellulose-containing natural fibers, fibers of natural polymers different from them, polyurethane fibers, and mixtures thereof.

Preferably, fibers other than man-made cellulose fibers contain or consist of at least one polyester. The polyester is preferably selected from aliphatic polyesters, aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters and mixtures thereof.

Preferably, the aliphatic polyester is selected from: polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene succinate (PES), polybutylene succinate (PBS), polyethylene adipate (PEA) ), polybutylene succinate-butylene adipate copolymer (PBSA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), polybutylene succinate-co-butylene sebacate (PBsu- co-BSe), polybutylene succinate-co-butylene adipate (PBSu-co-Bad), polytetramethylene succinate (PTMS), polycaprolactone (PCL) , Polypropylene lactone (PPL), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and mixtures thereof.

A preferred embodiment is a fiber composition that contains a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers as defined above and below, and additionally contains polyester fibers as fibers different from this. A particular embodiment is a fiber composition comprising a mixture of cellulose regenerated fibers defined above and below, and additionally comprising at least one fiber different from this, which is selected from: polylactic acid (PLA) , Polyethylene succinate (PES), polybutylene succinate (PBS) and mixtures thereof.

Polylactic acid (PLA) can be prepared by direct synthesis, that is, polycondensation of lactic acid. At present, lactic acid used as a reactant is mainly produced biologically through the fermentation of carbohydrates. Prepared. In this way, glucose can be produced by enzymatic hydrolysis based on starch and lactic acid can be produced from the glucose by culturing of lactobacilli. Alternatively, polylactic acid can be prepared by ring-opening polymerization of lactide.

Polyethylene succinate can be obtained by the reaction of succinic acid and 1,2-ethylene glycol (ethylene glycol).

Polybutylene succinate can be obtained by the reaction of succinic acid and 1,4-butanediol. The raw materials (succinic acid and 1,4-butanediol) can be prepared not only from fossils but also from glucose.

Polycaprolactone is produced by the ring-opening polymerization reaction of ε-caprolactone.

Polypropiolactone is produced by the ring-opening polymerization reaction of propiolactone. Propiolactone used as a reactant can be prepared by carbonylation of ethylene oxide.

Polyglycolic acid, also known as polyglycolic acid (PGA), can be prepared by anionic polymerization of dimers of glycolide and glycolic acid.

A particular embodiment of the aliphatic polyester is polyhydroxyalkanoate, such as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), poly(4-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) -co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV). These are advantageously not only biodegradable and/or compostable, but can also be obtained from renewable (non-fossil) sources. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) is formed by different bacteria through the fermentation of carbohydrates in a controlled nutrient intake. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) can also be prepared by fermentation with glucose and propionic acid.

In the context of the present invention, the term aliphatic-aromatic copolyester (AAC) means comprising at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid, at least one aliphatic diol and at least one other aliphatic component introduced Of polyester. The additional aliphatic component is preferably selected from: aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, hydroxycarboxylic acids, lactones and mixtures thereof. Unlike polyesters made of at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid and at least one aliphatic diol, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), Aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters (AAC) are generally biodegradable and/or compostable.

Preferably, the aliphatic-aromatic copolyester (AAC) is selected from 1,4-butanediol, terephthalic acid and adipic acid (BTA) copolyester, 1,4-butanediol, terephthalic acid (BTA) Copolyester of formic acid and succinic acid, copolyester of 1,4-butanediol, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, succinic acid and lactic acid (PBSTIL). Aliphatic-aromatic polyesters, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene isophthalate (PEIP), glycol Mixtures (blends) of modified polyethylene terephthalate (PETG) and at least one of the aforementioned aliphatic polyesters are also suitable. PETG is obtained by esterifying terephthalic acid with ethylene glycol and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM).

Preferably, fibers different from man-made cellulose fibers include or consist of at least one polyvinyl alcohol. In the scope of the present invention, polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) means partially or completely saponified (hydrolyzed) polyvinyl acetate (PVA). Partially saponified polyvinyl acetate is obtained by incomplete hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate, that is, the partially saponified polymer has ester groups and hydroxyl groups. The saponification of polyvinyl acetate can be carried out alkaline or acidic in a manner known per se, that is to say by adding a base or an acid. The application characteristics of polyvinyl alcohol are further determined by the degree of polymerization and the degree of hydrolysis (degree of saponification). A preferred embodiment is polyvinyl alcohol with a saponification degree of at least 98 mol%.

Preferably, fibers different from man-made cellulose fibers include or consist of at least one thermoplastic starch. Thermoplastic starch (TPS) is a thermoplastic biopolymer The composition, for which it is manufactured, the essentially anhydrous starch raw material undergoes thermomechanical treatment, such as thermomechanical treatment in an extruder. For manufacturing, natural starch or starch derivatives with a water content of up to 5% can be homogenized with a plasticizer during the extrusion process and melted by inputting mechanical energy and heat, wherein the plasticizer reduces the melting temperature of the starch . Thermoplastic starch contains essentially no crystalline content and does not recrystallize.

Suitable plasticizers are, for example, glycerin, glyceryl acetate, sorbitol, aliphatic polyesters, aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters, polyester amides, polyester urethanes, polyalkylene oxides and mixtures thereof . Preferably, the plasticizer is selected from biodegradable and/or compostable polymers. Specifically, at least one biodegradable and/or compostable polymer is used as the plasticizer, which is selected from aliphatic polyesters, aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters, polyesteramides and mixtures thereof.

Preferably, the starch material used to manufacture the thermoplastic starch is selected from natural starch, oxidized starch, starch ether, starch ester, cationic modified starch and mixtures thereof.

According to the type of oxidant and oxidation conditions, oxidized starch has different degrees of oxidation, degradation and regioselectivity of the obtained oxidation products. In addition to oxidation products with carboxyl function, oxidation products with aldehyde function, such as dialdehyde starch, also belong to oxidized starch.

In a specific embodiment, fibers other than man-made cellulose fibers include a polymer mixture (blend) that includes at least one thermoplastic starch and at least one polymer different therefrom. Preferably, the polymer different from the thermoplastic starch is selected from biodegradable and/or compostable polymers. Preferably, the polymer different from the thermoplastic starch is selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyurethane, polyester urethane, polyvinyl alcohol and mixtures thereof. A particular embodiment is a polymer mixture (blend) that includes at least one thermoplastic starch and at least one polyester. The preferred polyesters are aliphatic polyesters, aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters and Its mixture.

[00100] Preferably, fibers other than man-made cellulose fibers include at least one natural fiber containing cellulose. Preferably, the cellulose-containing natural fiber is selected from cotton, flax (flax fiber), hemp and mixtures thereof.

[00101] Preferably, fibers different from man-made cellulose fibers include or consist of at least one natural polymer. The natural polymer is preferably selected from: chitin, chitosan, vegetable protein, keratin and mixtures thereof.

[00102] Chitin is a polysaccharide composed of acetylglucosamine units (2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose, GlcNAc). The acetylglucosamine units are connected by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds. Chitin is structurally different from cellulose in that the 2-membered hydroxyl group of the glucopyranose unit is replaced by an acetylamino group.

[00103] Chitosan is a naturally occurring polyamino sugar, which is derived from chitin through partial or complete deacetylation of acetamino groups.

[00104] A plant protein composition particularly suitable for fiber manufacturing is isolated soy protein.

[00105] Keratin is a collective term for different water-insoluble animal fibrin. The preferred keratins suitable for fiber manufacturing are wool and silk. Both are constructed from fibrous structural proteins or framework proteins (sclerostin).

[00106] Preferably, the fibers different from the man-made cellulose fibers comprise or consist of at least one polyurethane. Suitable polyurethanes are biodegradable and/or compostable BAK polyurethanes. A particular embodiment is a polyamide ester which contains an aliphatic ester unit and an aliphatic amine unit embeddedly. Thermoplastically processable and biodegradable aliphatic polyurethanes are described, for example, in EP 0641817 A2.

[00107] In a particular embodiment, fibers other than man-made cellulose fibers comprise a polymer mixture (blend) composed of two or more different fibers. The difference between different fibers of the polymer mixture is preferably at least one feature selected from the group consisting of: the chemical composition, fineness, physical and chemical properties different from the fiber, finishing agent, or two or more of these features The combination of features.

[00108] Another subject of the present invention is a fiber composition comprising a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers and at least two fibers different therefrom. Preferably, the at least two fibers different from the man-made cellulose fibers are selected from: two or more different polyester fibers. Particularly preferably, two or more different polyester fibers are selected from: polylactic acid (PLA) fibers, polyethylene succinate (PES) fibers, polybutylene succinate (PBS) fibers , Polyethylene adipate (PEA) fiber, polybutylene succinate-butylene adipate copolymer (PBSA) fiber, polyglycolic acid (PGA) fiber, polybutylene succinate Ester-co-butylene sebacate (PBsu-co-BSe) fiber, polybutylene succinate-co-butylene adipate (PBSu-co-bad) fiber, polytetramethylene Methyl succinate (PTMS) fiber, polycaprolactone (PCL) fiber, polypropiolactone (PPL) fiber, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fiber, poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) Ester-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) fiber and mixtures thereof.

[00109] A preferred fiber composition comprises:

-Mixtures of cellulose regenerated fibers and

-At least one fiber different from it, which is selected from: polylactic acid fiber, polyethylene succinate, polybutylene succinate fiber and mixtures thereof.

[00110] A specific fiber composition includes a mixture of cellulose regenerated fibers, polylactic acid fibers, and polybutylene succinate fibers.

[00111] In a particular embodiment, the fiber composition according to the invention comprises at least one multi-component fiber (Multikomponentenfaser).

[00112] Suitable multicomponent fibers contain at least two polymer components. Suitable polymers are selected from the polymer components of the above-mentioned man-made cellulose fibers, the polymer components of fibers different therefrom, and combinations thereof. Multicomponent fibers (bicomponent fibers) composed of two polymer components are preferred. Suitable types of bicomponent fibers are sheath/core fibers (sheath/core), side-by-side fibers (side-by-side), matrix/filaments (islands-in-the-sea) and pie fibers (Tortenstück-Fasern) .

[00113] A preferred fiber composition comprises:

-A mixture of man-made cellulose fibers and

-At least one multi-component fiber.

[00114] A specific fiber composition includes:

-Mixtures composed of cellulose regenerated fibers and

-At least one multi-component fiber.

[00115] A preferred bicomponent fiber contains two polymer components selected from two different polyesters. Particularly preferably, the two different polyesters are selected from: polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene succinate (PES), polybutylene succinate (PBS), polyethylene adipate Polyester (PEA), polybutylene succinate-butylene adipate copolymer (PBSA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), polybutylene succinate-co-butylene sebacate (PBsu-co-BSe), polybutylene succinate-co-butylene adipate (PBSu-co-Bad), polytetramethylene succinate (PTMS), polycaprolactone (PCL), polypropylene lactone (PPL), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and mixtures thereof. A special bicomponent fiber is PLA/PBS bicomponent fiber, more specifically PLA/PBS sheath/core bicomponent fiber, even more particularly PLA/PBS sheath/core bicomponent fiber with PBS sheath and PLA core Component fiber.

【00116】Cotton lining

[00117] The mixture of man-made cellulose fibers according to the present invention and particularly the mixture of regenerated cellulose fibers according to the present invention is advantageously suitable for manufacturing cotton linings (linings) that can be used as thermal insulation materials in various textiles.

[00118] Therefore, another subject of the present invention is an insulated cotton liner comprising a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers as defined above and at least one binder.

[00119] The cotton lining can be manufactured according to known methods. To this end, the loose fiber mixture can be aligned into yarns by carding. In order to achieve the desired thickness of the cotton lining, multiple layers of yarn can be gathered or single layers of yarn can be stacked on top of each other, for example in a compensation stacker (Kreuzleger). During and/or after forming the yarn, chemical, thermal, and/or mechanical curing may be performed to form a non-woven fabric. In order to manufacture the cotton liner according to the present invention, it is preferable to bond the fibers with the aid of a binder. The binder can be applied to the fibers by conventional methods, such as spraying, dipping, padding and the like. According to a preferred embodiment, the adhesive is applied by spraying. After the adhesive is applied, drying and/or hardening can be carried out, for example at an elevated temperature.

[00120] The thermally insulated cotton lining according to the present invention preferably has at least one binder in an amount of 5% to 25% by weight, particularly preferably 10% to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the cotton lining.

[00121] The adhesive used to make the cotton lining according to the present invention is preferably selected from the group consisting of: acrylate, styrene acrylate, ethylene-vinyl acetate, butadiene-acrylate, SBR, NBR and / Or polyurethane type adhesive. Preferably, a self-crosslinking butyl/ethyl acrylate polymer is used as the adhesive.

[00122] As mentioned above, the cotton lining according to the present invention is characterized by very good thermal insulation and very good humidity balance.

[00123] Preferably, the 70g/m2 cotton lining has at least 0.17m2K/W, particularly preferably at least 0.18m2K/W, measured according to DIN EN ISO 11092:2014-12A at 20°C and 65% relative humidity, especially Thermal resistance Rct of at least 0.19m2K/W.

[00124] Preferably, the 100g/m2 cotton lining has at least 0.24m2K/W, particularly preferably at least 0.25m2K/W, measured according to DIN EN ISO 11092:2014-12A at 20°C and 65% relative humidity, especially Thermal resistance Rct of at least 0.26m2K/W.

[00125] Preferably, the 150g/m2 cotton lining has at least 0.33m2K/W measured according to DIN EN ISO 11092:2014-12A at 20°C and 65% relative humidity, particularly preferably at least 0.34m2K/W, especially Thermal resistance Rct of at least 0.35m2K/W.

[00126] Preferably, the 100g/m2 cotton lining has a water vapor permeability resistance Rct of up to 19.7m2Pa/W measured in accordance with DIN EN ISO 11092:2014-12A at 35°C and 40% relative humidity.

[00127] Preferably, the 100 g/m2 cotton lining has a water vapor absorption capacity Fi of at least 4.0, preferably at least 4.5, measured at 35° C. and a relative humidity of 40%.

[00128] Preferably, the 100 g/m2 cotton lining has a water vapor buffering effect Fd of at least 1.2, preferably at least 1.5, at 35° C. and a relative humidity of 40%.

[00129] As mentioned above, the cotton liner according to the present invention is biodegradable. In particular, the cotton lining according to the present invention is also correspondingly easy to compost, which was confirmed in particular in the composting test. therefore In particular, the cotton lining based on cellulose regenerated fiber according to the present invention clearly meets the compostability regulations of EN 13432, DIN EN ISO 11721-2: 2003 and EN ISO 846, according to which, in industrial composting facilities, products Must be at least 90% decomposable within a maximum of 90 days. In the test, the cotton lining according to the present invention has basically completely decomposed after 57 days.

[00130] In order to change its characteristics, for example to reduce or avoid fiber loss, the cotton lining according to the present invention can be subjected to at least one further treatment by chemical methods and/or physical (mechanical and/or thermal) methods. Preferably, the treatment is selected from: spraying of adhesive materials, needle treatment (needling), addition of thermoplastic binder fibers to the fiber mixture, sandwich structure of cotton lining, treatment with textile additives to change the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity and its combination.

[00131] As described above, the fiber yarn used to make the cotton lining can be chemically cured by bonding with an adhesive during and/or after the yarn is formed. The previously mentioned acrylate, styrene acrylate, ethylene-vinyl acetate, butadiene-acrylate, SBR, NBR and/or polyurethane type adhesives are suitable. Other examples of adhesives can be found in US-A-5,366,801, WO-A-02/12,607, WO-A-02/59,414 and WO-A-02/95,314. In addition, WO97/31036A1 describes a formaldehyde-free water-based adhesive, which is suitable for curing fiber non-woven fabrics, which contains:

A) A polymerization product obtained by free radical polymerization, of which 5 wt% to 100 wt% is composed of ethylenically unsaturated anhydrides or ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, whose carboxylic acid groups can form acid anhydride groups, and

B) Alkanolamine having at least two hydroxyl groups,

Wherein, the aqueous binder contains less than 1.5% by weight of the phosphorus-containing reaction accelerator based on the sum of A) and B).

[00132] The method of needle treatment (needling) for curing non-woven fabrics is known in principle to those skilled in the art (see, for example, Vliesstoffe: Rohstoffe, Herstellung, Anwendung, Eigenschaften, Prüfung, 2nd full revision ( 2012), Chapter 6.1 Acupuncture Method, WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co.KGaA, Weinheim). The purpose of needle punching is to obtain thinner and stronger fabrics and needle punched non-woven fabrics from a large number of soft non-woven fabrics. For this purpose, the non-woven fabric usually leaves the non-woven fabric forming machine horizontally on a driven belt and is fed to the needle punch via another belt and roller system. The transformation of a large number of fiber non-woven fabrics into a strong needled felt is accompanied by dimensional changes such as thickness reduction, length change and/or width change.

[00133] The curing of the non-woven fabric with the aid of binder fibers is a specific embodiment of the chemical treatment method. The melting or softening of the binder fibers mainly produces point-like connections. In the sense of the present invention, the term binder fiber means a thermoplastic synthetic fiber. Compared with other fibers present in the fiber mixture, the thermoplastic synthetic fiber is either generally meltable or has a higher melting point than other thermoplastic fibers contained in the fiber mixture. At least 1°C lower. Preferably, the binder fiber has a melting point that is at least 5°C lower than other fibers contained in the fiber mixture, particularly preferably at least 10°C lower. This ensures good spot heat curing. In order to solidify the non-woven fabric, a homogeneous structure of binder fiber, bicomponent binder fiber or a mixture thereof can be used. The bicomponent binder fiber is composed of two different polymers, the melting point of one polymer is preferably at least 5°C higher than the melting point of the second polymer also present in the fiber, particularly preferably at least 10°C higher. Here, these polymers are preferably present as a core/skin structure, where the core material has a higher melting point and the sheath material has a lower melting point. "Side by side" fibers or "sea-island" fibers are also suitable. Preferably, a bicomponent binder fiber having a core/sheath structure is used. This includes, for example, bicomponent fibers, in which the sheath is made of polyethylene and the core is made of polypropylene.

[00134] A sandwich structure is understood as a cotton lining that includes at least two layers of non-woven fabrics. Preferably, the non-woven fabric material of the sandwich structure may be composed of 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 layers. A non-woven fabric material composed of layers can also be regarded as a non-woven fabric composite material. Each layer may be of the same configuration, or each two layers may be different from each other in at least one physical and/or chemical property. This includes, for example, the type of fiber, its composition in the fiber mixture, and the fineness of the fiber.

[00135] Preferably, at least one of these layers, in particular all layers, consists of biodegradable and/or compostable fibers. In a particular embodiment, the sandwich structure according to the present invention has at least three layers, wherein the outer layer is composed of man-made cellulose fibers and the inner layer is composed of fibers different from it. Preferably, at least one of the outer layers is composed of lyocell fibers. In addition, the two outer layers are preferably composed of lyocell fibers. Preferably, the inner layer is composed of biodegradable and/or compostable fibers different from lyocell fibers. In a particular embodiment, the inner layer contains polyester fibers, especially polylactic acid fibers or the inner layer is composed of polyester fibers, especially polylactic acid fibers. The connection between the layers can be carried out according to conventional methods, for example, by needle punching, sewing, gluing, laminating and the like.

[00136] In order to change its characteristics, the cotton lining according to the present invention can be treated with fabric additives to change the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity. Suitable textile additives are, for example, the compounds described above for finishing agents for man-made cellulose fibers.

【00137】Textile

[00138] Another subject of the present invention is a textile comprising at least a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers as defined above or an insulating cotton lining as defined above.

[00139] A particular embodiment is a textile comprising at least a mixture of cellulose regenerated fibers as defined above.

[00140] The textile is preferably selected from clothing. This includes in particular outerwear, functional sportswear, outdoor clothing, lightweight sports jackets, walking jackets, ski suits, ski pants, children's clothing, work clothes, uniforms, shoes and gloves. In addition, the textile may be a sleeping bag.

[00141] Another subject of the present invention is the use of a mixture or fiber composition of man-made cellulose fibers or a thermally insulating cotton lining as defined above, respectively, for thermal and/or sound insulation.

[00142] The man-made cellulose fibers, fiber compositions and cotton linings according to the present invention are advantageously suitable for thermal insulation, for example for barrier systems used in the construction industry, for example for ceilings, roofs, floors, walls and other buildings Physical isolation. The man-made cellulose fiber, fiber composition and cotton lining according to the present invention are also suitable for different building materials, such as pipes, roller shutter boxes and window profiles, engineering facilities, such as heating facilities or insulation of household appliances.

[00143] The man-made cellulose fiber, fiber composition and cotton lining according to the present invention are also advantageously suitable for sound insulation, such as sound insulation of buildings, automobiles, engineering facilities, household appliances and the like. Sound insulation here can be based on sound proofing (English sound proofing) or sound reduction (English acoustic treatment).

[00144] In the case of sound insulation, the propagation of sound is hindered by arranging obstacles in the path in front of the propagating sound waves, and the surfaces of the obstacles are realized in such a way that the sound waves are reflected particularly well. Sound insulation is used to acoustically insulate a room from undesired noise in an adjacent room or outside.

[00145] In the case of sound attenuation or sound absorption, the sound energy is reduced by partially converting the sound energy into other forms of energy (such as heat) or absorption. This results in a targeted change in the body experience, reduced echo and better spatial acoustics. In home improvement technology, the principle of sound attenuation is heavily used for noise reduction, where sound waves are in contact with structured and/or porous surfaces.

[00146] EP 3375602 A1 describes a sound-absorbing textile composite material, the textile composite material Including: a) an open cell carrier layer, which contains thick short fibers with a fineness of 3dtex to 17dtex and fine short fibers with a fineness of 0.3dtex to 2.9dtex, and b) a fluidized layer arranged on the carrier layer, including a microporous foam layer . These composite materials are specifically used for sound absorption in the automotive sector. Reference is made here to the feasibility of sound insulation described in this document.

[00147] The present invention is explained in more detail based on the following non-limiting examples.

[00148] Examples

[00149] For the following examples according to the present invention, a cotton lining based on a mixture of lyocell fibers is used. The mixture of lyocell fibers contains 1/3 of the fineness of 1.7 dtex and a cut length of 58 mm based on the total weight. Fiber, and 2/3 of the fineness of 6, 7dtex and cut the fiber length of 60 mm. The first fiber is hydrophilic and is characterized by a soft fabric hand, while the second fiber is hydrophobic.

[00150] I) Measure the thermal resistance Rct [m2K/W] (heat insulation) of wet filling materials according to DIN EN ISO 11092: 2014-12A

[00151] It is crucial for the insulating effect of the insulating filler material that when the filler material gets wet, for example, due to the wearer's sweating, the filler material still maintains its insulating effect. In this case, a fabric whose thermal insulation effect is greatly reduced is considered to be uncomfortably cold.

[00152] Test equipment: human skin temperature regulation model

[00153] Test climate: Ta=20℃, a=65% relative humidity

[00154] II) According to DIN EN ISO 11092: 2014-12 ^A , the water vapor permeation resistance R _et [m ² Pa/W], the short-term water vapor absorption capacity F _i [g/m ² ], water vapor of the filling material is measured The buffering effect (humidity balance value F _d ) and the drying time of the fabric’s sweat.

[00155] Water vapor permeation resistance Ret(RET=Resistance to Evaporating Heat Transfer) Description: How big is the resistance of textiles to prevent water vapor penetration. The lower the RET value of the garment, the better the air permeability.

[00156] Test equipment: human skin temperature regulation model

[00157] Test climate: T _a =35℃, φ _a =40% relative humidity

[00158] The short-term water vapor absorption capacity F _i in g/m ² is calculated based on the "sweating" skin model combined with the measurement of _{water vapor permeation resistance R et.} For this reason, before the measurement, the sample was aged at 35°C and 40% relative humidity for 24 hours and its "dry weight" G _{t was} calculated. After exposing the sample to a constant-time stream of water vapor for a measurement period of 1 hour, the sample was weighed again, and its "wet weight" G _{f was determined} . Short-time water vapor absorption capacity F _i as "wet weight" G _f and the difference between the dry weight of G _t stars.

[00159] Test equipment: human skin temperature regulation model

[00160] Test climate: T _a =35℃, φ _a =40% relative humidity

[00161] With the help of the buffering effect of water vapor, the wearing state of the clothing is detected. Although the wearer has already sweated, the sweat still evaporates in the sweat ducts of the skin, so that an increased partial pressure of water vapor appears in the microclimate of the clothing, but There is still no liquid sweat.

[00162] Test equipment: human skin temperature regulation model

[00163] Test climate: T _a =35°C, φ _a =30% relative humidity

[00164] Drying time of the fabric soaked with sweat on the skin model: When the fabric dries after a certain period of time, the thermal insulation increases again, and once all moisture escapes from the fabric, the thermal insulation finally reaches dryness The initial value R _ct of the fabric surface, such as the initial value obtained by means of the skin model according to DIN EN ISO 11092:2014-12 ^A. The length of time between the minimum heat insulation (R _ct *) and the original heat insulation R _ct to reach the drying fabric is expressed as the drying time Δt in minutes.

[00165] The cotton lining according to the present invention has better moisture management. The cotton lining can store sweat in the form of water vapor in the fibers and prevent the accumulation of moisture between the skin and the fabric. The sweating sensation appears noticeably more slowly.

[00166] III) Research on biodegradability in soil testing under laboratory conditions.

[00167] The biodegradation test was carried out according to DIN EN ISO 11721-2: 2003 and EN ISO 846. The test object is a 100 g/m ² lyocell non-woven fabric according to the present invention.

[00168] Before embedding, the test object was cut into squares (10cm×10cm) and pre-aged in a standard climate. Before embedding, weigh each test sample. Wet the test sample, and bury each square individually in a test container with microbiologically active soil (test soil), and incubate at a constant temperature (23±5°C). The microbiological activity of the test soil is ensured by means of a test textile strip (CO) made of 100% cotton. After culturing for 22 days, 43 days, and 57 days, the test objects were taken out and cleaned. The degradability of the test object is determined by quality loss. At the last time point of excavation, the soil around the test object was used to test the cress for ecotoxicological research.

[00169] Results: The test object showed a quality loss of 63.2% after 43 days of culture, and a 100% quality loss after 57 days of culture. The sample was completely degraded within 57 days.

[00170] IV) Ecotoxicology test (cress test)

[00171] At the last time point of excavation, the quality of the test soil was evaluated in the cress test according to OECD 208:2006. Compared with the test material, the germination rate of the cress (Lepidium sativum) from 40 seeds was tested by the number of seedlings. After 7 days of cultivation in test soil or test soil, the biomass of cress formed was obtained. As a reverse test, use soil that is not embedded in the sample.

[00172] Results: The test soil of the test object analyzed after 57 days of cultivation did not affect the cress (Lepidium sativum) germination rate and biomass formation in the test.

[00173] V) Research on the biodegradability of the fiber mixture composed of lyocell fiber and PLA/PBS bicomponent fiber according to the present invention in a soil burial test under laboratory conditions.

[00174] For the following examples according to the present invention, a non-woven fabric based on a fiber mixture is used, which contains 80% by weight of lyocell fibers and 20% by weight of sheath/core bicomponent fibers. The split fiber has polybutylene succinate (PBS) as the sheath and polylactic acid (PLA) as the core. Lyocell fiber is a fiber mixture according to the present invention, which contains 1/3 of the fiber with a fineness of 1.7 dtex and a cut length of 58 mm and 2/3 of a fiber with a fineness of 6.7 dtex and a cut length of 60. Millimeters of fiber.

[00175] The biodegradation test was carried out according to DIN EN ISO 11721-2: 2003 and EN ISO 846. The test object is a 100 g/m ² lyocell non-woven fabric according to the present invention.

[00176] Before embedding, the test object was cut into squares (10cm×10cm) and pre-aged in a standard climate. Weigh each test sample before embedding. Wet the test sample, and bury each square individually in a test container with microbiologically active soil (test soil), and incubate at a constant temperature (23±5°C). The microbiological activity of the test soil is ensured by means of a test textile strip (CO) made of 100% cotton. After 5 weeks, 14 weeks, and 23 weeks of culture, the test objects were taken out and cleaned. The degradability of the test object is determined by quality loss. At the last time point of excavation, the soil around the test object was used for cress test and acute earthworm toxicity test for ecotoxicology research.

[00177] VI) Ecotoxicology test (cress test)

[00178] At the last excavation time point, the quality of the test soil in Example V) was judged in the water cress test according to OECD 208:2006. Compared with the test material, the number of seedlings is tested Germination rate of cress (Lepidium sativum) from 40 seeds. After 7 days of cultivation in test soil or test soil, the biomass of cress formed was obtained. As a reverse test, use soil that is not embedded in the sample.

[00179] Results: The test soil of the test article analyzed after 23 weeks of culture did not affect the germination rate and biomass formation in the Lepidium sativum test.

[00180] According to the acute earthworm toxicity test of OECD 207, it has no effect on mortality after 7 days. The test passed.

Claims (23)

A mixture of man-made cellulose fibers, based on the total weight of the cellulose fibers, the mixture comprising: a) 10% to 90% by weight of fibers with a fineness in the range of 4.0 dtex to 9.5 dtex, and b) 90% to 10% by weight of fibers with a fineness in the range of 0.9 dtex to 3.5 dtex. The mixture according to claim 1, Wherein the man-made cellulose fiber is selected from: cellulose regenerated fiber, derived cellulose fiber and mixtures thereof, preferably selected from: cellulose regenerated fiber prepared from a solution in tertiary amine oxide as a solvent, viscose fiber, Modal fiber, cellulose acetate fiber and their mixtures. A mixture of cellulose regenerated fibers, which is prepared from a solution in a tertiary amine oxide as a solvent, and based on the total weight of the cellulose regenerated fibers, the mixture contains: a) 10% to 90% by weight of fibers with a fineness in the range of 4.0 dtex to 9.5 dtex, and b) 90% to 10% by weight of fibers with a fineness in the range of 0.9 dtex to 3.5 dtex. The mixture of man-made cellulose fibers according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mixture contains at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 75% by weight, based on the total weight of the fibers contained in the mixture of man-made cellulose fibers, Especially at least 90% by weight of cellulose acetate fiber. A mixture of man-made cellulose fibers according to any one of the preceding claims, which comprises a) 45% to 85% by weight, preferably 55% to 75% by weight of fibers with a fineness in the range of 4.0 dtex to 9.5 dtex; and b) 15% to 55% by weight, preferably 25% to 45% by weight, of fibers having a fineness in the range of 0.9 dtex to 3.5 dtex. The mixture of man-made cellulose fibers according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fibers a) and/or the fibers b) have a finishing agent on at least a part of their surface, preferably selected from -Silicone, -(C ₆ -C ₃₀ ) Alkoxylate of alkanol, -fatty acid, -Fatty alcohol, -Mono- and bis-(C ₁ -C ₃₀ ) alkyl esters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, -paraffin And a mixture of the above. The mixture of man-made cellulose fibers according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fibers a) and/or the fibers b) have a finishing agent on at least a part of their surface, the finishing agent comprising at least one Hydrophilic silicone resin and/or at least one paraffin wax. The mixture of man-made cellulose fibers according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fibers a) are only on a part of its surface, preferably at most 50% of its surface, particularly preferably at most 10% of its surface. % Is covered by at least one silicone resin. The mixture of man-made cellulose fibers according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface of the fiber b) is substantially complete, preferably at least 90% by weight, particularly preferably at least 95% by weight, composed of at least one Silicone coating. The mixture of man-made cellulose fibers according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one silicon on the fiber b) based on the total weight of the fibers b) contained in the mixture of man-made cellulose fibers The total weight ratio of the resin to the at least one silicone resin on the fiber a) based on the total weight of the fiber a) contained in the mixture of man-made cellulose fibers is 2:1 to 7:1, particularly preferably 3 : Within the range of 1 to 6:1. A fiber composition comprising a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers as defined in any one of claims 1 to 10 and fibers different therefrom, and the fibers are preferably selected from: polyester fibers, polyethylene Alcohol fibers, thermoplastic starch fibers, cellulose-containing natural fibers, fibers different from natural polymers, polyurethane fibers, and mixtures thereof. The fiber composition according to claim 11, wherein the fibers different from man-made cellulose fibers are biodegradable and/or compostable. The fiber composition according to claim 11 or 12, which comprises: -A mixture of cellulose regenerated fibers, and -At least one fiber different from it, selected from: polylactic acid fiber, polyethylene succinate fiber, polybutylene succinate fiber and mixtures thereof. The fiber composition according to one of claims 11 to 13, which comprises at least one multi-component fiber. An insulated cotton lining comprising a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers as defined in any one of claims 1 to 10, or a fiber composition as defined in any one of claims 11 to 14, and At least one adhesive. The insulated cotton lining according to claim 15, based on the total weight of the cotton lining, the cotton lining has an amount of at least 5% to 25% by weight, preferably 10% to 20% by weight. At least one adhesive. The thermally insulated cotton lining according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the adhesive is selected from the group consisting of acrylate, styrene acrylate, ethylene-vinyl acetate, butadiene-acrylate, SBR, NBR and/ Or polyurethane type adhesive. The thermally insulated cotton lining according to any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein the thermally insulated cotton lining is subjected to a treatment selected from the following treatments: spraying adhesive material, needle treatment, adding thermoplastic adhesive to the fiber mixture Synthetic fibers, the sandwich structure of the cotton lining, are treated with fabric additives to change the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, and combinations thereof. A textile fabric comprising a mixture of man-made cellulose fibers as defined in any one of claims 1 to 10, or a fiber composition as defined in any one of claims 11 to 14, or as defined in claims An insulated cotton lining as defined in any one of 15 to 18 is required. A mixture of man-made cellulose fibers as defined in any one of claims 1 to 10, or the use of a fiber composition as defined in any one of claims 11 to 14, said man-made cellulose fibers The mixture and the fiber composition are used to make a thermal insulation cotton lining, which is biodegradable and/or bacteriostatic. A mixture of man-made cellulose fibers as defined in any one of claims 1 to 10, or a fiber composition as defined in any one of claims 11 to 14, or as defined in claims 15 to 18 The thermal insulation cotton lining defined in any one is used for the application of manufacturing textiles. The application according to claim 21, wherein the textile is selected from: clothing, especially outerwear, functional sportswear, outdoor clothing, light sports jackets, walking jackets, ski jackets, ski pants, children's clothing, work clothes, uniforms, Gloves and sleeping bag. A mixture of man-made cellulose fibers as defined in any one of claims 1 to 10, or a fiber composition as defined in any one of claims 11 to 14, or as defined in claims 15 to 18 The thermal insulation cotton lining defined in any one of them is used for thermal and/or sound insulation applications.