TW202108950A - Heat pump enhanced concentrated solar power generation system capable of improving kinetic energy of the engine outputting water vapor to increase the torque - Google Patents

Abstract

A heat pump enhanced concentrated solar power generation system is mainly characterized in that a heat pump device is installed in the concentrated solar power generation system. The heat pump device includes: a preheating barrel, which is arranged on a pipeline connecting a boiler and a water storage tank; a compressor, which connects a gas storage barrel and the preheating barrel with a refrigerant pipe; a first radiator, which is arranged in the preheating barrel and connected to the compressor by the refrigerant pipe for heating water in the preheating barrel through heat exchange; and a second radiator, which is arranged in the gas storage barrel and connected to the compressor by the refrigerant pipe for cooling the gas storage barrel through heat exchange. The present invention uses the heat pump device to generate negative pressure in the gas storage barrel during the cooling process, thereby improving kinetic energy of the engine outputting water vapor to increase the torque, and the condensed water that flows into the water storage tank is firstly delivered to the preheating barrel to increase the temperature and then enters the boiler for improving the thermal efficiency of the boiler to generate water vapor to drive the engine by positive pressure.

Description

Heat pump enhanced concentrating solar power generation system

The invention relates to a concentrating solar power generation system, in particular to a concentrating light that strengthens cooling water vapor through a heat pump device to generate negative pressure and heats and cools the water and then sends it to a boiler to increase the water vapor production capacity, thereby improving the efficiency of the engine-driven generator The Sun can generate system.

Concentrated solar thermal power generation (or Concentrated solar power, CSP for short) is a power generation system of a heat-collecting solar power plant. It uses a reflector or lens to converge a large area of sunlight into a relatively small concentrating area using optical principles to concentrate solar energy. The concentrating area on the generator is irradiated by sunlight and the temperature rises. It is based on the principle of light-to-heat conversion. The solar energy is converted into heat energy, and the heat energy is driven by a heat engine (usually a steam turbine engine) to drive a generator to generate electricity.

The concentrating solar technology system uses a mirror or lens of the sun tracking system to focus a large area of sunlight into a small area. The concentrated light is then used as a heat source for conventional power plants (solar thermal power generation). There are four common forms of concentrating technology: parabolic trough type, Stirling dish type, concentrating Fresnel mirror type, and solar power tower type.

The parabolic trough condenser is composed of a parabolic reflector that concentrates the reflected light to a receiver at the focal line. The receiver is a tube set directly above the middle of the parabolic mirror, and the tube is filled with working fluid. The reflector tracks the sun along a single axis during the day. When flowing through the receiver, the working fluid (for example, molten salt) is heated to above 250°C and then used as a heat source for the power generation system.

The dish system uses a large parabolic curved condensing mirror to concentrate the incident sunlight at the focal point. A receiver located at the focal point captures the heat and converts it into a useful form. Usually the dish-shaped condenser mirror and the Stirling engine are coupled in a Stirling dish-shaped system, but sometimes a steam engine is also used to generate rotational kinetic energy to drive a generator to convert it into electrical energy.

The Fresnel reflector consists of many thin flat mirror strips that concentrate sunlight onto a tube, which passes through the pumped working fluid. Planar mirrors allow more reflecting surfaces than a parabolic reflector in the same space, thereby capturing more available sunlight, and they are much cheaper than parabolic reflectors. Fresnel reflectors can be used for concentrating solar thermal power generation of various sizes.

Tower-type solar thermal power generation uses a large number of directional reflectors (heliostats) to concentrate sunlight on a central heat exchanger (receiver) mounted on the top of the tower. The receiver can generally collect 100MW of radiant power to produce 1100 °C high temperature.

At present, most of the concentrated solar power generation on the market uses a steam turbine engine to drive a generator to generate electricity; however, the generated steam requires energy to be cooled. When water evaporates into water vapor, its volume will increase by 1,600 times. Conversely, when water vapor is condensed into water, its volume will also decrease by 1,600 times. In other words, water will evaporate into water vapor and water. Steam will produce energy in the process of condensing into water, but traditional concentrating solar power generation systems do not make full use of this energy and waste it in vain, which is a pity.

The purpose of the present invention is to use the positive pressure generated when the water evaporates during the power generation process of the solar concentrating power generation system and the negative pressure generated when the water vapor condenses into water to drive the piston engine, so as to greatly increase the power output and make full use of water. The heat absorbed in the process of steam condensing into water preheats the water to a temperature above 55°C and then inputs it into the boiler for heating to produce more water vapor more efficiently.

The heat pump-enhanced concentrated solar power generation system provided by the present invention may include: an engine mechanically connected to a generator, the engine is connected to a boiler and a gas tank by pipes, and the engine and the gas storage The bucket is connected to a water storage bucket with a pipeline, the water storage bucket is connected to a water storage tank with a pipeline, and the water storage tank is connected to the boiler with a pipeline; a reflector group is arranged on a mirror frame, and the mirror frame has a light collection area, The light collecting area connection contains a working fluid and a working fluid pipe fitting, the working fluid pipe fitting is connected to a salt storage tank and a heat storage tank through a pipeline, and the salt storage tank and the heat storage tank are connected to the boiler through a pipeline ; Wherein, the reflector group reflects sunlight to the light collecting area to increase the temperature of the working fluid, and the high-temperature working fluid enters the boiler through the pipeline to heat the water in the boiler to generate steam at the same time The heat is stored in the heat storage barrel, the water vapor is transported to drive the engine to drive the generator to run and generate electricity, the water vapor output from the engine is input into the air storage barrel, and the water vapor in the air storage barrel is cooled and condensed After the water is formed, it enters the water storage tank, and then enters the water storage tank. The water in the water storage tank is fed into the boiler to be heated to generate water vapor, which runs in a cycle; 　　 is characterized in that: between the gas storage tank and the boiler A heat pump device is provided, and the heat pump device includes: a preheating barrel connected to the boiler and the water storage tank by a pipeline; a first radiator arranged in the preheating barrel; a second radiator arranged in the storage tank The first radiator is connected to the first radiator by a refrigerant pipe. The refrigerant pipe between the first radiator and the second radiator is provided with an expansion valve; a compressor is connected to the refrigerant pipe through another refrigerant pipe. The first radiator and the second radiator; wherein the compressor pressurizes the refrigerant to increase the temperature and then enters the preheating barrel to release heat to the water in the preheating barrel through the first radiator, the preheating barrel The water inside is increased in temperature and then input into the boiler, the boiler is heated to produce steam to drive the engine with positive pressure, and then the refrigerant leaves the preheating barrel and passes through the expansion valve to reduce the pressure and lower the temperature before entering the gas storage barrel , The second radiator absorbs the temperature of the water vapor to condense the water vapor into water, and a negative pressure is generated in the air tank during the cooling process, thereby enhancing the kinetic energy of the water vapor output by the engine to increase the torque.

Preferably, the present invention increases the preheating of the water delivered from the water storage tank to the preheating barrel to above 55°C.

In one embodiment, the present invention uses a first pump to transport the working fluid in the salt storage tank to the working fluid pipe, the heat storage tank and the boiler for circulating flow.

In one embodiment, the present invention uses a second pump to transport the water in the water storage tank to the preheating barrel.

By installing a heat pump device in the concentrating solar power generation system, the present invention can strengthen the cooling water vapor to generate negative pressure and heat the cooled water to increase the water vapor production capacity, thereby improving the efficiency of the engine-driven generator.

The following is a more detailed description of the implementation of the present invention in conjunction with the diagrams and component symbols, so that those who are familiar with the art can implement it after studying this specification.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a preferred embodiment of the heat pump enhanced concentrating solar power generation system provided by the present invention may include: an engine 24, a gas storage tank 26, a water storage tank 28, a water storage tank 30, A boiler 14, a preheating barrel 22, a heat storage barrel 18, a salt storage barrel 16 and a reflector group 12. Wherein, the reflector group 12 is arranged on the base 101 of a mirror frame 10. The reflector group 12 is preferably composed of a plurality of reflectors 121 groups to form a parabolic shape. The base 101 extends a working fluid pipe 102, and the working fluid A light collecting area 102 is provided at the end of the tube 102, and the light collecting area 103 is located at the focal point of the parabola of the mirror group 12.

The seat body 101 is connected to the salt storage tank 16 through the pipeline P1, and a first pump 20 is provided on the pipeline P1, and the salt storage tank 16 is connected to the heating pipe 141 provided in the boiler 14 through the pipeline P3; The heat storage barrel 18 is connected to the heating pipe 141 in the boiler 14 through the pipeline P2, and the heat storage barrel 18 is connected to the heating pipe 141 in the boiler 14 through the pipeline P4. Among them, the seat body 101 and the heat storage barrel on the pipeline P2 A valve V9 is arranged between 18, a valve V8 is arranged between the seat body 101 and the boiler 14, and a valve V10 is arranged between the heat storage barrel 18 and the boiler 14 of the pipeline P4.

The molten salt is stored in the salt storage tank 16 as a working fluid, and the working fluid is transported to the working fluid pipe 102, the heat storage tank 18 and the heating tube 141 in the boiler 14 through the first pump 20 for circulating flow; the mirror group 12 The sunlight is concentratedly reflected to the light collection area 103 to absorb heat. The heat of the sunlight heats the working flow to 250°C or more. The high-temperature working fluid circulates to the heating tube 141 in the boiler 14 to release heat to the water in the boiler 14 The heating generates water vapor, and part of the heat of the working fluid is stored in the heat storage tank 18 to prepare the boiler 14 for heating by using the stored heat when there is no sunlight.

The valve V8 is used to control the flow of working fluid into the boiler 14; the valve V9 is used to control the flow of working fluid into the heat storage tank 18; the valve V10 is used to control the flow of working fluid from the heat storage tank 18 into the boiler 14.

As shown in FIG. 3, the engine 24 of the present invention can be a reciprocating two-stroke piston engine. Four cylinders 243 are provided in the housing 241, and each cylinder 243 is provided with a piston 244, and each piston 244 is movably connected. To a crankshaft 242, the crankshaft 242 is connected to the generator 4 through a transmission shaft, the steam inlet of each cylinder 243 is provided with a poppet valve that can only input steam in one direction and is connected to the boiler 14 by a pipeline P5, and The outlet of each cylinder 243 is provided with a poppet valve that can only output water vapor in one direction, and is connected to the air tank 26 by a pipeline P6. The air tank 26 is connected to the water tank 28 by a pipeline P8, and the outlet of the water tank 28 is connected Pipeline P9, and a pipeline P10 is connected to the pipeline P9 to communicate with the water storage tank 30; in addition, the pipeline P6 and P8 are connected by a pipeline P7; wherein, a valve V5 is provided on the pipeline P7; the pipeline P6 A valve V4 is provided on the pipe; a valve V3 is provided on the pipeline P8; a valve V1 is provided on the pipeline P9; and a valve V2 is provided on the pipeline P10.

The present invention further provides a heat pump device between the gas storage tank 26 and the boiler 14. The heat pump device includes: a preheating tank 22, a compressor 32, a first radiator 221 and a second radiator 261; wherein, The preheating barrel 22 is connected to the water storage tank 30 through a pipeline P11, and a valve V6 is provided on the pipeline P11. The preheating barrel 22 is also connected to the boiler 14 through a pipeline P12, and a valve V7 is provided on the pipeline P12. A second pump 34 is also provided on the pipeline P11 close to the water storage tank 30, and the second pump 34 is used to transport the water in the water storage tank 30 to the preheating barrel 22; the aforementioned valves V4 and V5 are used to control Whether water vapor passes through the pipeline or not and its flow rate; valves V1, V2, V3 and V6 are used to control whether water passes through the pipeline or not and its flow rate.

The compressor 32 is connected to the second radiator 261 provided in the air storage tank 26 by a refrigerant pipe R1, and is connected to the first radiator 221 provided in the preheating tank 22 by a refrigerant pipe R2, and is connected to the first radiator 221 The second radiators 261 are connected by a refrigerant pipe R3, and an expansion valve T is also provided on the refrigerant pipe R3. The compressor 32 is used to pressurize the refrigerant, convert the refrigerant from gas to liquid and increase the temperature to be input into the preheating barrel 22, and then release heat through the water in the first radiator 221 and the preheating barrel 22 to increase the temperature of the water to 55 ℃ above and lower the temperature of the refrigerant. The refrigerant leaves the preheating tank 22 and enters the expansion valve T to reduce the pressure and converts to gas to lower the temperature. After the cooled refrigerant enters the air storage tank 26, it absorbs water through the second radiator 261 The temperature of the vapor is to condense the water vapor into water and increase the temperature of the refrigerant. The refrigerant is then returned to the compressor 32 to be pressurized to increase the temperature, and then input into the preheating barrel 22, thus cyclically operating.

The operation mode of the heat pump enhanced concentrating solar power generation system of the present invention is described as follows:

In the present invention, the working fluid is transported to the working fluid pipe 102, the heat storage barrel 18 and the heating tube 141 in the boiler 14 through the first pump 20 for circulating flow; the reflector group 12 concentrates the sunlight to the light collecting area 103 to absorb Heat, the heat of sunlight heats the working flow to above 250°C, and the high-temperature working fluid circulates to the heating pipe 141 in the boiler 14 to release heat to the water in the boiler 14 to heat the water vapor, and part of the heat of the working fluid is It is stored in the heat storage tank 18 to prepare the boiler 14 for heating by using the stored heat when there is no sunlight. The positive pressure of water vapor is delivered to each cylinder 243 of the engine 24 through the pipeline P5 to push the piston 244 to reciprocate in time sequence to drive the crankshaft 242 to rotate, thereby driving the generator 4 to operate via the transmission shaft to generate electricity.

The water vapor discharged from each cylinder 243 enters the air storage barrel through the pipeline P6, and part of the water contained in the water vapor flows to the water storage barrel 28 through the pipelines P7 and P8. When the air storage barrel 26 and the water storage barrel 28 are filled with water vapor When the valve V1 is closed, the second radiator 261 in the air storage tank 26 starts to operate (as a low-temperature heat storage) to cool the water vapor and absorb heat energy to condense the water vapor into water. Negative pressure to strengthen the kinetic energy of the water vapor discharged by the engine 24 to increase the torque; when the water in the water storage bucket 28 is full, the valves V3 and V4 will be closed, and the valves V5 and V2 will be opened, and the water vapor pressure The water in 28 is discharged to the water storage tank 30. When the water is drained, the valves V5 and V2 will be closed, and the valves V3 and V4 will be opened. The water in the water storage tank 30 is fed into the preheating tank 22 through the second pump 34 Rigawen will enter the boiler 14. Through the heat pump device, the compressor 32 is used to pressurize the refrigerant, convert the refrigerant from gas to liquid, and raise the temperature. After being input into the preheating barrel 22 through the refrigerant pipe R2, the water in the preheating barrel 22 is preheated through the first radiator 221 Release heat to increase the temperature of the water above 55°C and then enter the boiler 14 to improve the heating efficiency of the boiler 14 and reduce the temperature of the refrigerant. The refrigerant leaves the preheating barrel 22 through the refrigerant pipe R3 and then enters the expansion valve T to reduce the pressure and change. When the cooled refrigerant enters the air storage tank 26, the temperature of the water vapor is absorbed by the second radiator 261 to condense the water vapor into water and increase the temperature of the refrigerant. The refrigerant flows back through the refrigerant pipe R1 to the compression The machine 32 is pressurized to raise the temperature and then fed into the preheating tank 22, so that it runs endlessly.

By installing a heat pump device in the concentrating solar power generation system, the present invention can strengthen the cooling water vapor to generate negative pressure and heat the cooled water to increase the water vapor production capacity, thereby improving the efficiency of the engine-driven generator.

The above descriptions are only used to explain the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to restrict the present invention in any form. Therefore, any modification or change related to the present invention is made under the same spirit of the invention. , Should still be included in the scope of the present invention's intention to protect.

10: Frame 101: Block 102: Working fluid pipe fittings 103: Gathering area 12: Mirror group 121: Mirror 14: Boiler 141: heating tube 16: Salt storage bucket 18: Heat storage barrel 20: The first pump 22: preheating barrel 221: The first radiator 24: Engine 241: Shell 242: crankshaft 243: cylinder 244: Piston 26: Gas storage barrel 261: second radiator 28: water storage bucket 30: Water storage tank 32: Compressor 34: The second pump 4: generator P1～P12: Pipeline R2～R3: refrigerant pipe T: Expansion valve V1～V10: Valve

Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram showing the heat pump enhanced concentrating solar power generation system of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic plan view showing the heat pump enhanced concentrating solar power generation system of the present invention; and Fig. 3 is a schematic partial enlarged perspective sectional view showing the engine structure of the heat pump enhanced concentrating solar power generation system of the present invention.

103: Gathering area

12: Mirror group

14: Boiler

16: Salt storage bucket

18: Heat storage barrel

20: The first pump

22: preheating barrel

24: Engine

26: Gas storage barrel

28: water storage bucket

30: Water storage tank

32: Compressor

34: The second pump

4: generator

T: Expansion valve

Claims (4)

A heat pump enhanced concentrating solar power generation system includes: An engine, mechanically connected to a generator, the engine is connected to a boiler and a gas storage tank by pipeline, and the engine and the gas storage tank are connected to a water storage tank by pipeline, and the water storage tank is connected to a water storage tank by pipeline , The water storage tank is connected to the boiler by pipeline; A reflecting mirror set is arranged in a mirror frame, the mirror frame has a light collection area, the light collection area connection contains a working fluid and a working fluid pipe fitting, and the working fluid pipe fitting is connected to a salt storage tank and a salt storage tank through a pipeline. A heat storage barrel, and the salt storage barrel and the heat storage barrel are connected to the boiler through a pipeline; Wherein, the reflector group reflects sunlight to the light collecting area to raise the temperature of the working fluid, and the high-temperature working fluid enters the boiler through a pipeline to heat the water in the boiler to generate water vapor and simultaneously Heat is stored in the heat storage barrel, the water vapor is transported to drive the engine to drive the generator to run and generate electricity, the water vapor output from the engine is input into the air storage barrel, and the water vapor in the air storage barrel is cooled and condensed into After the water enters the water storage bucket, and then enters the water storage tank, the water in the water storage tank is fed into the boiler to be heated to generate water vapor, thereby circulating operation; Its characteristics are: A heat pump device is arranged between the gas storage barrel and the boiler, and the heat pump device includes: A preheating barrel, connecting the boiler and the water storage tank with pipelines; A first radiator arranged in the preheating barrel; A second radiator arranged in the air storage barrel and connected to the first radiator by a refrigerant pipe, and the refrigerant pipe between the first radiator and the second radiator is provided with an expansion valve; A compressor, respectively connected to the first radiator and the second radiator through another refrigerant pipe; Wherein, the compressor pressurizes the refrigerant to increase its temperature and then enters it into the preheating barrel to release heat to the water in the preheating barrel through the first radiator, and the water in the preheating barrel is increased in temperature before being input to the boiler , The boiler is heated to generate water vapor to drive the engine at a positive pressure, and then the refrigerant leaves the preheating barrel and passes through the expansion valve to lower the pressure and lower the temperature, and then enters the air storage barrel. The second radiator absorbs water vapor. The temperature is used to condense the water vapor into water, and the negative pressure is generated in the air tank during the cooling process, thereby strengthening the kinetic energy of the water vapor output by the engine to increase the torque. The heat pump-enhanced concentrating solar power generation system described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the water system transported from the water storage tank to the preheating tank is raised to 55°C or more. The heat pump-enhanced concentrating solar power generation system described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the working fluid in the salt storage tank is transported to the working fluid pipe, the heat storage tank and the working fluid through a first pump The boiler flows in circulation. The heat pump-enhanced concentrating solar power system described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the water in the water storage tank is transported to the preheating barrel through a second pump.

Images