TW202102585A - Composite plastic alloy manufacturing process method for producing a composite plastic alloy material blended with polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate for manufacturing various daily necessities - Google Patents

Abstract

A composite plastic alloy manufacturing process method, which includes a mixing step of injecting polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and a compatibilizer into a high-speed mixer and mixing for 10-30 minutes to form a mixture, wherein the compatibilizer allows molecules of polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate to entangle with on another; and a processing step of injecting the mixture into an aspect ratio single-screw or twin-screw extruder for melt blending, wherein the melting temperature is controlled at 170 DEG C-290 DEG C, the rotation speed of the screw is 120-400 rpm. After the mixture passes through the aspect ratio single-screw or twin-screw extruder, a composite plastic alloy material blended with polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate is obtained through extrusion, die cutting or drawing, cooling, air drying, granule-cutting, drying. The composite plastic alloy material can be directly processed, injected or extruded to manufacture various daily necessities such as chairs, cabinets, plastic boards, foam boards, etc., or can be further mixed with fiber materials to produce a composite plastic alloy fiber material for manufacturing fiber board or plastic wood, etc.

Description

Composite plastic alloy manufacturing process method

The present invention relates to a method formula for manufacturing plastic alloys, in particular to a composite plastic alloy manufacturing method in which PE and PET are entangled with each other with a compatibilizer to enhance the strength and hardness of the plastic alloy.

Plastic alloy is a high-performance new material obtained by physical blending or chemical grafting. It can be widely used in automobiles, electronics, precision instruments, office equipment, packaging materials, building materials and other fields. It can improve or enhance the performance of existing plastics and reduce costs. It has become one of the most active varieties in the plastics industry and has grown rapidly.

Polyethylene (PE) is a kind of plastic with a wide range of uses. There are many forms including high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), and metallocene catalyzed synthesis developed in recent years. Polyethylene (mPE). Because of its variety, low price, good toughness, processing properties, rheological properties, water resistance, etc., it is used to make various film products and plastic parts. However, PE also has problems such as poor mechanical strength, heat resistance, and air tightness.

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is mainly used in synthetic fibers, biaxially stretched films, and hollow containers. Due to the low price of PET, excellent wear resistance, heat resistance, chemical resistance, electrical insulation, molding dimensional stability and high mechanical strength, PET was widely used as an engineering plastic in the 1960s. PET for engineering plastics has excellent comprehensive performance and low price, which is very competitive compared with other general engineering plastics. There are rigid groups on the main chain of the PET molecule, so its heat resistance is very high. At the same time, due to the high symmetry of the molecular chain, its electrical insulation performance is also very excellent. However, PET also has disadvantages such as slow crystallization speed, difficult molding processing, high mold temperature requirements, long molding cycle, poor impact strength, and high water absorption, which greatly limit its application range.

Since PE and PET have many properties that can complement each other, if PE and PET are mixed into a plastic alloy, the performance of PE and PET can be improved, and it can also provide new uses for plastic recycling. However, PE is a non-polar polymer, and PET is a polar polymer, so the compatibility of the two is poor. Therefore, to improve the performance of the PE/PET alloy, the compatibility of the two must be improved. The conventional method mainly uses Malay Polypropylene grafts of functional monomers such as acid anhydride (MAH) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), which use the reaction of these functional monomers with PET terminal hydroxyl or carboxyl groups to achieve the effect of increasing the compatibility of PE and PET , Such as the following example:

In the Chinese patent case CN103709675, styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene copolymer (SEBS), styrene-ethylene-propylene copolymer (S-EP), ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM), poly One of ethylene grafted maleic anhydride (PE-g-MAH) and polyethylene grafted glycidyl methacrylate (PE-g-GMA) is added to PE and PET plastic alloy materials.

In the Chinese patent case CN105733073A, ethylene-butyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer (PTW) was used to increase the compatibility of PE and PET.

In the Chinese patent case CN105733098, a grafting agent PP-g-(DAP-co-GMA) was used, which was composed of polypropylene (PP), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), and phthalic diene Propyl ester (DAP) is mixed and made and then added to PE and PET plastic alloy materials.

In the CN107418164 patent case in Mainland China, MAH grafting compatibilizers such as MAH grafting POE, MAH grafting PE and MAH grafting EVA were selected with GMA grafting compatibilizers such as GMA grafting POE and GMA grafting. PE and GMA grafted EVA, etc. into the plastic alloy materials of PE and PET.

There are also domestic related achievements on plastic alloys. For example, the ROC Patent Application No. 107104898 discloses the mixed use of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polyol hydrophilic modified polyester (m-PET) as a plastic alloy. The material is also modified from PET to m-PET and then blended with PE and PP to form a plastic alloy material.

However, the above grafts and modification methods often have defects such as low grafting rate and serious PE degradation, which further affect their effects. A better way is needed to help polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) be mixed together as a plastic alloy material.

In view of this, the inventors devote themselves to research and design, and hope to provide a method that can simply combine polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is the research and creation of the present invention. The motive of the invention.

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a process method for composite plastic alloy materials, which is made by mixing polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) into a plastic alloy, supplemented by a compatibilizer to make the polymer The molecular chains of ethylene and polyethylene terephthalate are entangled with each other to form a plastic alloy material, without the use of chemical grafting monomers, and can be directly processed, injected or extruded to make various plastic products.

Therefore, the composite plastic alloy manufacturing process method of the present invention includes a mixing step in which polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and a compatibilizer are injected into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 10-30 minutes To form a compound, the compatibilizer makes the molecules of polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate entangle each other; and a processing step is to inject the compound into a single-screw or twin-screw extruder with a length-to-diameter ratio for melt blending, The melting temperature is controlled at 170℃～290℃, the screw speed is 120～400 revolutions per minute, the mixture passes through the single-screw or twin-screw extruder with length-to-diameter ratio, and then passes through extrusion, die cutting or striping, cooling, After air-drying, pelletizing, and drying, a composite plastic alloy material blended with polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate is obtained. The composite plastic alloy material can be directly processed, injected or extruded to make various injection molded daily necessities such as chairs, cabinets, plastic boards, etc., or foamed and extruded to make foamed boards.

When used in injection molding, the preferred mixing ratio of the composite plastic alloy material is that the weight percentage of polyethylene (PE) is less than the weight percentage of polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

The present invention can also further make the composite plastic alloy material and fiber material into a composite plastic alloy fiber material, which includes the composite plastic alloy material and a processing material, and the processing material includes a pulverized cloth and a bonding agent. The agent is selected from hydrophobic polymer modified starch or hydrophilic modified polyolefin, the cloth includes at least one of polyester or cotton, and the step includes mixing a pulverized cloth with a binding agent and heating to combine The melting point of the binder melts the binder and coats the crushed fabric to form a processed material, wherein the binder is selected from hydrophobic polymer modified starch or hydrophilic modified polyolefin, and the fabric contains polyester or cotton. At least one of them; and a processing step of kneading the processing material with the composite plastic alloy material to obtain a composite plastic alloy fiber material. The composite plastic alloy fiber material can be used to make finished products such as plates or plastic wood.

Based on the weight percentage of the composite plastic alloy fiber material being 100% by weight, the content of the cloth is 20-60% by weight, and the content of the composite plastic alloy material is 40-80% by weight. The preferred mixing ratio of the composite plastic alloy fiber material is that the weight percentage of polyethylene (PE) is greater than the weight percentage of polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

The processing steps of plastic wood can further extrude an outer layer material and composite plastic alloy fiber plastic wood by co-extrusion to form a composite plastic alloy fiber plastic wood core material and an outer layer covering the core material. The outer layer material It contains hydrophilic modified polyolefin or a polymer blend containing hydrophilic modified polyester, and the outer layer is composed of outer layer material.

In order to further understand the features, characteristics and technical content of the present invention, please refer to the following detailed description of the present invention.

Please refer to the first figure. The above-mentioned figure illustrates the composite plastic alloy manufacturing process of the present invention, which includes a mixing step 1. Polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and a compatibilizer Inject into a high-speed mixer and mix for 10-30 minutes to form a mixture; and a processing step 2, inject the mixture into a single-screw or twin-screw extruder with length-to-diameter ratio for melt blending, and the melting temperature is controlled at 170℃～290 ℃, the screw speed is 120-400 rpm, the compatibilizer makes the molecules of polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate entangle with each other, presenting a state similar to a ponytail, and the mixture passes through a single screw or twin screw with a length-to-diameter ratio After the extruder, after extrusion, die cutting or striping, cooling, air drying, pelletizing, and drying, a composite plastic alloy material blended with polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate is obtained.

The present invention can use recycled plastic as a material. The following discloses a specific implementation step: (1) Crushing: the dried PE/PET (50/50 weight percent) non-woven fabric corner waste, or PET non-woven fabric (weight percent 50) Add recycled PE film material (50 weight percent), or pure PET bottle flakes and pure HDPE milk bottle flakes (weight percentage 50/50) to crush into one of the appropriate size crushed materials; (2) One-time mixing: by weight In parts, mix 90 parts of the above-mentioned PE/PET (50/50 weight percent) crushed material, 3-10 parts of compatibilizer material, toner, lubricant, anti-oxidation, anti-ultraviolet, or flame-retardant materials into one Broken material premix;

(3) Plasticizing and granulating: use an automatic forced feeder to add the above-mentioned crushed material premix into the hopper of the extruder, and use the extruder to plasticize under the conditions of 170-260°C and screw speed 30-150r/min Then it is extruded into a strip by an extruder, and the strip extrudate is water-cooled and shaped and then pelletized by a pelletizer or die-head water-cooled pelletizer to obtain pellets that can be injected, modified or foamed and extruded (4) Injection use or foaming injection: This granulated material can be added with slip agent or color masterbatch. After mixing, it is put into the injection machine barrel and injected into the mold from 240-275 ℃ high pressure and high speed. The mold temperature is set to 20 degrees. Wait for one to two minutes for demoulding, or after adding foaming agent and mixing, it will be processed by single-screw or twin-screw machine at 150-220℃ and extruded into foamed special-shaped sheet, which can be made as thin as about 5mm according to the mold design. Board or plastic wood floor with a thickness of 40mm, the specific gravity of the board after foaming is about 0.75.

The composite plastic alloy material can be directly processed, injected or extruded to make various plastic daily necessities such as: chairs, traffic cones, racks, plastic plates, etc., and can also be used in foam extrusion to produce as shown in the second picture Foamed sheet 3A, which contains a plurality of pores 4A; when used in plastic daily necessities produced by injection molding and foam extrusion, the weight percentage of polyethylene (PE) is less than the weight of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) The percentage ratio is better.

In the third figure, the composite plastic alloy material of the present invention can be mixed with fiber materials to produce a composite plastic alloy fiber material, which includes the composite plastic alloy material and a processing material, and the processing material includes a crushed cloth and a The binding agent is selected from starch modified by hydrophobic polymers or polyolefin modified by hydrophilicity. The fabric contains at least one of polyester or cotton. The production steps include: a mixing step 1A, a pulverized The cloth is mixed with a binding agent and heated to the melting point of the binding agent to melt the binding agent and coat the crushed cloth to form a processing material, wherein the binding agent is selected from hydrophobic polymer modified starch or hydrophilic modification The fabric contains at least one of polyester or cotton; and a processing step 2A, mixing the processing material with the aforementioned composite plastic alloy material to obtain a composite plastic alloy fiber material, and then combine the composite plastic alloy fiber material Extruding a composite plastic alloy fiber plastic-wood product, the finished product can be a composite plastic alloy fiber plastic-wood board, and then processed into various products. The cloth can be covered with bonding agent and composite plastic alloy material to increase the strength of composite plastic alloy fiber material.

Based on the weight percentage of the composite plastic alloy fiber material being 100% by weight, the content of the cloth is 20-60% by weight, and the content of the composite plastic alloy material is 40-80% by weight. The preferred mixing ratio of the composite plastic alloy fiber material is that the weight percentage of polyethylene (PE) is greater than the weight percentage of polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

Because cotton cannot be directly mixed with the polymer directly into the mixer, in the mixing step 1A, the pulverized fabric and the binding agent with predetermined structural characteristics are preprocessed first, and the pulverized fabric and the binding agent are preprocessed. Put it in the friction heating rotating barrel, and gradually increase the temperature to about 150~180℃ by the rotation of the friction heating rotating barrel. At the same time, the air is pumped so that the compatibilizer can coat the cotton in the fabric to form a mixing machine that can be processed After the processing material, the processing material is mixed with the composite plastic alloy material and then pressed out, and the composite plastic alloy fiber material can be obtained. The binding agent can reduce the problem of interface separation between cotton and polyester due to the incompatibility of heterogeneous materials. Therefore, the cotton of the composite plastic alloy fiber material can be covered by the composite plastic alloy material. The problem of phase separation.

In addition, because of the high water content of cotton, the moisture contained in the cotton will be coated in the polymer compound during the mixing process of cotton and polymer, which will easily cause the quality and durability of subsequent products to be impaired. Good disadvantages. The present invention uses the heat generated during the pre-mixing process of cotton and the compatibilizer to allow the moisture of the cotton to escape and be removed by suction. Therefore, it can also effectively reduce the moisture content of the processed material formed after pre-mixing. And improve the durability and physical properties of the product. The fabric can come from waste recycled fabrics, including polyester and cotton, and the weight percentage of polyester and cotton is between 10:90~90:10.

The following discloses the specific implementation steps of a composite plastic alloy fiber material: (1) Crushing: add dry PE/PET (weight percentage 15/85) non-woven fabric corner waste, or PET non-woven fabric (weight percentage 10-20) Recycled HDPE film material (80-90 weight percent), or flakes of pure PET bottles (10-20 weight percent) or pure HDPE milk bottle flakes (80-90 weight percent) are crushed into a broken material of appropriate size; (2) One-time mixing: in parts by weight, 90 parts of the above PE/PET (15/85 ratio) crushed material, 5 parts of compatibilizer material, 1 part of toner, 0.5 part of lubricant, 0.5 part of anti-oxidation , 0.5 parts of anti-ultraviolet rays, or flame retardant materials, etc. mixed into a crushed material premix

(3) Plasticizing and granulating: use an automatic forced feeder to add the above-mentioned crushed material premix into the hopper of the extruder, and use the extruder to plasticize under the conditions of 170-260°C and screw speed 30-150r/min Then it is extruded into a strip by an extruder, and the strip extrudate is water-cooled and shaped and then pelletized by a pelletizer or die-head water-cooled pelletizer to obtain pellets that can be injected, modified or foamed and extruded (4) Secondary mixing: According to the production quality requirements, weigh the formula in parts by weight: 60 parts of PE/PET (15/85 ratio) pelletizing material, 40 parts of PET cloth crushing material, and adding the above components to the mixture In the machine, mix for 10 minutes at room temperature to form a fiber mixture;

(5) Plasticizing extrusion: Use an automatic feeder to add the above-mentioned fiber mixture into the hopper of the extruder, and use the extruder to mix and plasticize under the conditions of 80-190℃ and screw speed 30-120r/min. The extruder is extruded to form the extrudate, which is cut and pelletized with a die to obtain pellets of composite plastic alloy fiber materials. At this time, the PET fabric fibers are evenly dispersed in the pellets and are completely covered by the PE/PET plastic alloy. . This example of plastic alloy with fabric added can be post-processed and extruded by a single-screw or twin-screw machine into special-shaped plates, such as plastic wood flooring, the specific gravity of the plate is about 1.15.

In the fourth figure, the composite plastic alloy fiber material of the present invention can be used as the core material 3B of a plastic-wood product. The core material 3B contains cloth fibers, and an outer layer 4B is further added, which covers the core material 3B. And the constituent material of the outer layer 4B includes hydrophilic modified polyolefin or a polymer blend containing hydrophilic modified polyester. By choosing the composition of the outer layer 4B, the core material 3B and the outer layer 4B can have an excellent combination, and the overall strength and durability of the plastic-wood product can be increased. As a result, the plastic-wood products made of the composite plastic alloy fiber material of the present invention can be used for outdoor or indoor decoration and building materials, for example, can be used for indoor imitation wood floor tiles, imitation wood decoration patches or outdoor landscaping, There are no special restrictions on railings, stairs, etc.

When making plastic wood products, the processing material can be put into the screw machine, and the composite plastic alloy material can be mixed into the screw machine by the side feeding method to form a core material 3B material. Next, prepare the material of the outer layer 4B containing hydrophilic modified polyolefin or a polymer blend of hydrophilic modified polyester. The material of the outer layer 4B and the material of the core material 3B are heated at 150~160℃. The plastic wood product as shown in the fourth figure can be obtained by extrusion. Among them, the core material 3 is composed of a composite plastic alloy fiber material, and the outer layer 4 is composed of an outer layer material.

However, the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention. Any changes and modifications that can be obviously made by those who are accustomed to the industry should be regarded as not deviating from them. The essence of the present invention.

1: Blending steps 2: Processing steps 1A: Blending steps 2A: Processing steps 3A: Foamed sheet 4A: Stoma 3B: core material 4B: Outer layer

The first figure is the flow chart (1) of the present invention. The second figure is a schematic diagram of the foam board made by the present invention. The third figure is the flow chart (2) of the present invention. The fourth figure is a schematic diagram of the plastic wood produced by the present invention.

no

1: Blending steps

2: Processing steps

Claims (5)

A composite plastic alloy manufacturing process method, including: In a mixing step, polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and a compatibilizer are injected into a high-speed mixer and mixed for 10-30 minutes to form a mixture; and In a processing step, the mixture is injected into an L/D single-screw or twin-screw extruder for melt blending, the melting temperature is controlled at 170°C to 290°C, and the screw speed is 120 to 400 revolutions per minute. The compatibilizer The molecules of polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate are entangled with each other, and the mixture passes through a single-screw or twin-screw extruder with a length-to-diameter ratio, and then undergoes extrusion, die cutting or striping, cooling, air drying, After cutting and drying, a composite plastic alloy material blended with polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate is obtained. For example, the composite plastic alloy manufacturing method of the first item in the scope of the patent application, wherein the weight percentage of polyethylene (PE) is less than the weight percentage of polyethylene terephthalate (PET). A composite plastic alloy fiber plastic wood comprising the composite plastic alloy material of claim 1 and a processing material, the processing material comprising a pulverized cloth and a binding agent, the binding agent being selected from hydrophobic polymers The modified starch or hydrophilic modified polyolefin, and the cloth includes at least one of polyester or cotton. For example, the composite plastic alloy fiber plastic wood of the third item in the scope of patent application, wherein the composite plastic alloy material contains polyethylene (PE) by weight percentage greater than that of polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The composite plastic alloy fiber plastic wood described in item 3 of the scope of patent application further comprises an outer layer covering the composite plastic alloy fiber plastic wood, and the material of the outer layer includes hydrophilic modified polyolefin or a A polymer blend containing hydrophilic modified polyester.

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