TW202045794A - Method for dyeing artificial fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for dyeing artificial fibers comprises preparing an artificial fiber, and adding a dyestuff, a crosslinking agent, and an appropriate amount of water into a tank for mixture. Then, the artificial fiber is dipped in the tank to obtain a dyed artificial fiber, and the dyed artificial fiber is pressed by a roller set. Finally, the dyed artificial fiber is dried out.

Description

Man-made fiber dyeing method

The present invention provides a dyeing method of man-made fibers, especially a method of dyeing man-made fibers with low liquor ratio, low energy consumption, and low water consumption, so as to reduce the volume of the dye solution to achieve environmental protection and energy saving.

Man-made fibers are widely known as two polymer materials, polyester and nylon. Compared with natural fibers, they have better ductility, water resistance and antifouling properties. They are used in clothing, home life, automotive textiles, Products such as industrial textiles or travel goods are most widely used in the textile industry. The textile industry must dye man-made fibers in order to meet the needs of various industries for individualized, fashionable, small-batch, and short-delivery product color, and "color swatching" is a very important pre-work, and the color samples are accurate Sex is critical to whether the goods can be shipped.

However, rayon fiber is a hydrophobic fiber and lacks hydrophilic groups. Therefore, dye molecules cannot easily enter the interior of rayon fiber, resulting in poor dyeability. Other methods must be used to allow the dye to enter, such as High Temperature & High Pressure Dyeing. ). Generally speaking, polyester fiber needs to be dyed with high temperature and high pressure of 130℃~135℃, the hue will be uniform, the color fastness can be maintained above level 3, but the energy consumption is high; and the general nylon dyeing temperature is 95℃~ 100℃, and the temperature needs to be maintained for more than 40 minutes, which consumes long working hours and causes low dyeing efficiency. In addition to the chemical structure of the man-made fiber itself, it has the disadvantages of poor color fastness and deep dyeing for many years. In addition, the ratio of the limited bath ratio will also affect the dyeing properties, leveling and migration properties.

For example, the Republic of China Invention Patent No. I304831 "Reactive Dye Composition and Its Application", although it discloses that the dyeing and finishing temperature does not need to be 100°C, the dye solution must be added with soda ash and heated to 60°C and maintained at this temperature until the dyeing is completed , Dyeing takes about one hour. After the dyeing is completed, additional washing, soaping, and drying procedures are required. The whole process wastes a lot of resources and consumes a lot of energy.

Although the dyeing time of man-made fibers tends to be shortened with the advancement of science and technology, the washing step after the dip dyeing step cannot be omitted. For example, the Republic of China Invention Patent No. I404847 "Method for Surface Treatment of Polyester Substrate", the case It is disclosed that the polyester substrate is heated first, and the surface of the polyester substrate with lower chemical activity is easy to be dyed. When the subsequent dyeing is performed, the dyeing time can be shortened to less than 1 minute. However, the heat treatment takes 10 seconds to 5 minutes, and the heating temperature must be between 100°C and 180°C. The subsequent washing steps require a large amount of water to rinse the dye on the dyed fabric, thereby generating a large amount of environmental wastewater.

As everyone knows, the dyeing and finishing process is the most polluting part of the textile industry, which consumes a lot of water and chemicals, and emits dyeing wastewater. The dyeing wastewater discharged from the dyeing and finishing industry has the characteristics of high chroma, variability, high chemical oxygen demand (COD), high suspended solids concentration (SS) and difficult biological decomposition, which affect the water body It shows color, reduces gas solubility and affects the ecological environment in water, which is a great harm to natural ecology.

There are still the following shortcomings from the above conventions:

1. Energy consumption The traditional dyeing method requires a large amount of water to blend the dye, and a large amount of water is needed to clean the dyed cloth or blend the fixing agent after dyeing. In addition, due to the chemical structure of man-made fibers, additional high-temperature or high-pressure methods are needed for smooth dyeing. In addition to the expensive equipment, a lot of water is required during the dyeing process, and the continuous heating required for dyeing will also cause Machine loss and power cost increase.

Second, the cost of making color samples is high Color will be affected by seasons and fashions, and the requirements of each manufacturer are also different, so it is impossible to prepare a large amount of materials in advance. For example, a small amount of proofing is required to meet the needs of customers, and the procedure for each color sample is the same as the mass production procedure. The liquor ratio is related to the fixed consumption of materials, which will cause the consumption of water and dyes, and the cost cannot be reduced. If the color sample does not meet the color requirements of the customer, it cannot be used separately, which will cause the factory to stock up and increase the cost.

Three, unfavorable environmental protection Each process in the traditional dyeing process requires the use of chemicals and a large amount of water, so a large amount of waste water is produced. The dyeing waste water has the characteristics of high chemical oxygen demand, high suspended solids concentration and difficult biological decomposition, which not only consumes energy but is also harmful to ecology. Environmental protection.

Therefore, how to deal with the above-mentioned shortcomings, develop a process method with low energy consumption, shorten dyeing time and increase dyeing efficiency, so as to achieve the goal of environmental protection and energy saving of reducing environmental pollution. Not only can the environment last forever, but also the industry Can create more business opportunities and enhance competitiveness in the market.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for dyeing man-made fibers, which includes a preparation step, a mixing step, a dip dyeing step, a rolling step and a drying step.

First, perform the preparation step to prepare a man-made fiber, and then perform the mixing step, put a dye, a bridging agent, and an appropriate amount of water into a holding tank for mixing, and obtain a dye solution with a temperature of 20°C ~40℃, and then perform the dip dyeing step, using the rayon material to be immersed in the containing tank to obtain a dyed rayon fiber, and then perform the rolling step, using a roller set to roll the dyed rayon fiber Pressing and leveling, wherein the roller set has two oppositely arranged rollers, and finally the drying step is performed to dry the dyed rayon.

Another technical means of the present invention is that in the above mixing step, the weight percentage of the dye is 0.01% to 10%, the weight percentage of the bridging agent is 0.01% to 30%, and the weight percentage of the water is 60%~99.8%.

Another technical means of the present invention is that in the above mixing step, the dye includes a chromophore and an auxochrome containing a hydroxyl group (-OH) or an amino group (-NH2) , The bridging agent includes isocyanate groups (-NCO).

Another technical means of the present invention is that the ratio of the above-mentioned isocyanate group (-NCO) to hydroxyl group (-OH) is 1 to 50, and the dye solution mixed with the dye, bridging agent and water can be stored 0.5~ 24 hours

Another technical means of the present invention is that the above-mentioned soaking step further includes a pressure member arranged on the containing groove, the pressure member can be adjusted in height relative to the containing groove, and the containing groove can It is a multi-slot holding tank.

Another technical means of the present invention is that in the above-mentioned impregnation step, the impregnation time of the unit volume of rayon fiber does not exceed 5 seconds.

Another technical means of the present invention is that the color fastness of the above-mentioned dyed man-made fiber can reach Grade 3 or higher.

Another technical means of the present invention is that the above-mentioned dyeing method of man-made fibers further includes a winding step after the drying step, and winding the dyed man-made fibers.

Another technical means of the present invention is that the above-mentioned dyeing method of man-made fibers further includes a cutting step after the winding step, which cuts man-made fibers after winding a certain length to obtain a finished product. The overall production speed is 3~30 m/min.

Another technical means of the present invention is that the above-mentioned man-made fiber material is selected from Poly Urethane (PU), Teflon film (Poly Tetra Fluoro Ethylene, PTFE), Thermoplastic Poly Urethane, TPU), Thermoplastic Plastic (Thermal Plastic Elastomer, TPE), Polyamide Fiber (Polyamide Fiber), and combinations of these.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are that the dyeing method using the above-mentioned man-made fibers does not require a large amount of water and waste water, and the dyeing process time is short, which not only can effectively shorten the production process, improve the production efficiency, but also save energy.

The features and technical content of the related patent applications of the present invention will be clearly presented in the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 are preferred embodiments of the dyeing method of man-made fibers of the present invention. The method of dyeing man-made fibers includes a preparation step 11, a mixing step 12, a dip dyeing step 13, a rolling step 14, and One drying step 15.

First, perform the preparation step 11 to prepare a rayon 2, wherein the rayon 2 is selected from the group consisting of Poly Urethane (PU), Teflon film (Poly Tetra Fluoro Ethylene, PTFE), and thermoplastic resin. (Thermoplastic Poly Urethane, TPU), Thermoplastic Plastic (Thermal Plastic Elastomer, TPE), Polyamide Fiber (Polyamide Fiber). In actual implementation, different man-made fibers 2 can be selected according to the use requirements, and should not be limited to those disclosed.

Then, perform the mixing step 12, put a dye, a bridging agent, and an appropriate amount of water into a holding tank 3 for mixing to obtain a dye solution 31, the temperature of which is 20°C-40°C, preferably, The dye solution 31 only needs to be at room temperature. Wherein, the weight percentage of the dye is 0.01-10%, the weight percentage of the bridging agent is 0.01-30%, and the weight percentage of the water is 60-99.8%. The dye includes a chromophore group and an auxochrome group containing a hydroxyl group (-OH) or an amino group (-NH2). The bridging agent includes an isocyanate group (-NCO). In addition, the ratio of isocyanate group (-NCO) to hydroxyl group (-OH) is 1 to 50, and the dye solution 31 can be stored for 0.5 to 24 hours and can be reused without affecting the dyeing effect when it is reused.

Then, the dip dyeing step 13 is performed, and the rayon material 2 is immersed in the containing tank 3 to obtain a dyed rayon fiber. Wherein, the soaking step 13 further includes a pressure member 4 arranged on the containing tank 3, and the pressure member 4 can be adjusted in height relative to the containing tank 3, such as the dye solution 31 in the containing tank 3 When the water level is lowered, the pressure member 4 can move toward the accommodating tank 3 to reduce the height of the pressure member 4 so that the artificial fiber 2 can be fully impregnated in the dye solution 31 to reduce the production of waste liquid; When the water level of the dye solution 31 in the tank 3 rises, the pressure member 4 can move in the opposite direction of the tank 3 to increase the height of the pressure member 4 so that the artificial fiber 2 can be properly impregnated in the dye solution No excessive staining in 31. Therefore, the rayon 2 and the dye solution 31 do not need to maintain a certain bath ratio. As long as the dye solution 31 in the containing tank 3 maintains a certain dye concentration, the pressure member 4 can be used to adjust the rayon 2 in the container. The dip position in tank 3 achieves the effect of low liquor ratio.

Preferably, the accommodating tank 3 in the dip-dyeing step 13 can be a multi-trough type, so that the rayon 2 undergoes two dip-dyeing steps 13 to deepen its color, which is convenient to meet the needs of dyeing depth.

Then, in the impregnation step 13, the impregnation time of the unit volume of the rayon 2 does not exceed 5 seconds to achieve a continuous impregnation effect. Compared with the traditional dyeing method, the dyed material needs to be immersed in the dye solution 31 for several minutes or longer for several hours. The present invention can effectively shorten the dyeing time and improve the dyeing efficiency.

Then, the rolling step 14 is performed, and the dyed rayon 2 is rolled and flattened by a roller set 5, wherein the roller set 5 has two oppositely arranged rollers 51, which can be used for the dyed artificial fiber The fiber 2 is flattened and dewatered to reduce creases and facilitate subsequent drying and shaping. In actual implementation, multiple sets of rollers 51 can also be provided to achieve better leveling and dewatering effects.

Finally, the drying step 15 is performed, and the dyed rayon 2 is dried at 120°C-180°C for 30 minutes. In actual operation, a dryer 6 can be used for drying to achieve a fixing effect.

It is worth mentioning that different countries have different test standards for color fastness, such as Chinese national standard CNS, American AATCC, Japanese JIS, international standard ISO, German DIN, British BS color fastness test, in this preferred embodiment , The dyed man-made fiber 2 has been tested for color fastness by the American AATCC 61-II A standard, and its color fastness can reach level 3 or higher, without obvious fading or discoloration, and can maintain the aesthetic appearance of the dyed material.

The dyeing method of rayon fiber of the present invention further includes a winding step 16 after the drying step 15 to roll up the dyed rayon fiber 2. In actual operation, a winder 7 can be used for winding, which can avoid the crease of the man-made fiber 2 and facilitate subsequent use.

The dyeing method of man-made fibers of the present invention further includes a cutting step 17 after the winding step 16, which cuts the man-made fibers 2 after winding a certain length to obtain a finished product. In actual operation, a cutting machine 8 can be used for cutting.

The overall production capacity of the invention can reach a production speed of 3-30 m/min. The production speed is affected by the size of the dryer 8. For example, a large dryer 8 is used for drying step 15. The dryer 8 can contain more dyed materials to shorten the production time and increase the production speed to 30 meters /Min; On the contrary, if the small dryer 8 is used for drying, the dyeing material contained in the dryer 8 is less, which will extend the production time and reduce the production speed to 3 meters/min. The user can determine the size of the dryer 8 according to the actual production environment, and will not be repeated here. In addition, because the method of the present invention is a whip operation, the winding step 16 at the rear end can adjust the machine's rolling speed according to the rayon 2 of different thickness and elasticity to control the dipping of the rayon 2 into the containing tank 3 Time to achieve the purpose of continuous dyeing, drying and mass production.

From the above description, it can be known that the dyeing method of man-made fibers of the present invention does have the following advantages:

1. Save energy By mixing different proportions of dyes, bridging agents, and water, different man-made fibers can be brightly hue and have a variety of colors. The dip-dyeing step 13 can be carried out at room temperature without the need for high temperatures throughout the process, reducing electricity costs and energy consumption. In addition, with the use of the pressure member 4, the dip position of the dyed material can be adjusted according to the amount of the dye solution 31 to achieve the effect of low liquor ratio, and the color fastness can reach level 3 or higher.

2. Improve efficiency The impregnation step 13 of the present invention shortens the impregnation time of the dyed material, improves the dyeing efficiency, and does not affect the dyeing effect. The rolling step 14, the drying step 15, the winding step 16, and the cutting step 17 are continuous The operation process can dry, wind and cut the dyed material in one go, which facilitates the subsequent transportation and utilization of the man-made fiber 2.

3. Environmental sustainability The dye used in the present invention does not contain or produces harmful aromatic amines, has strong biodegradability, and the dye itself does not contain persistent organic pollutants, which echoes the trend of modern ecology and environmental protection.

In summary, the dyeing method of man-made fibers of the present invention can use the chromophores and auxochromes of different dye molecules according to the needs of different man-made fibers 2 for different colors. In addition to complete hues, a large number of dyeing quality is stable and will not cause Color difference, and the man-made fiber 2 does not lose its air permeability and other characteristics and touch due to dyeing, and the color fastness can still reach level 3 or higher after the applicant has tested it in accordance with the American AATCC 61-II A standard. In addition, through a series of dyeing processes, the man-made fiber 2 is prepared, mixed, impregnated, rolled, dried, wound, and cut. The efficiency of the process is improved by a continuous operation to obtain the dyed fiber. The man-made fiber 2 can shorten the overall dyeing process and time and reduce the dyes in the process. In addition, because of the less water consumption, the waste liquid discharged can be reduced, which can achieve the goal of being environmentally friendly, fully meeting the needs of the market, and improving The competitiveness in the market can indeed achieve the purpose of the invention.

However, the foregoing are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention, that is, simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the description of the invention, All are still within the scope of the invention patent.

11~17: Steps 2: man-made fiber 3: accommodating slot 31: Dye 4: Pressure piece 5: Wheel set 51: Wheel 6: Dryer 7: Winder 8: Cutting machine

Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a preferred embodiment of the dyeing method of man-made fibers of the present invention; and Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a preferred embodiment of the dyeing method of rayon fibers of the present invention.

11~17: Steps

Claims (10)

A dyeing method for man-made fibers, including the following steps: A preparation step, preparing a man-made fiber; In a mixing step, a dye, a bridging agent, and an appropriate amount of water are put into a holding tank for mixing to obtain a dye solution; A dip-dyeing step, immersing the rayon material into the containing tank to obtain a dyed rayon fiber; In a rolling step, the dyed rayon is rolled and flattened by a roller set, wherein the roller set has two rollers arranged oppositely; and In a drying step, the dyed rayon is dried. According to the method for dyeing man-made fibers described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein in the mixing step, the weight percentage of the dye is 0.01%-10%, the weight percentage of the bridging agent is 0.01%-30%, The weight percentage of the water is 60%-99.8%. According to the method for dyeing man-made fibers according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein, in the mixing step, the dye includes a chromophore group and an auxiliary color containing a hydroxyl group (-OH) or an amino group (-NH2) Group, the bridging agent includes isocyanate groups (-NCO). According to the method of dyeing man-made fibers described in item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the ratio of the isocyanate group (-NCO) to the hydroxyl group (-OH) is 1 to 50, and is formed by mixing the dye, bridging agent and water The dye solution can be stored for 0.5 to 24 hours. According to the method for dyeing man-made fibers according to item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the dip-dyeing step further includes a pressure member arranged on the accommodating groove, and the pressure member can be adjusted in height relative to the accommodating groove, And the accommodating groove can be a multi-slot accommodating groove. According to the method for dyeing man-made fibers according to item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein, in the impregnation step, the impregnation time of the unit volume of man-made fibers does not exceed 5 seconds, and the impregnation temperature is 20°C-40°C. According to the method for dyeing man-made fibers described in item 6 of the scope of patent application, the color fastness of the dyed man-made fibers can reach level 3 or higher. The dyeing method of man-made fibers according to item 7 of the scope of patent application further includes a winding step after the drying step, and winding the dyed man-made fibers. The dyeing method of man-made fibers according to item 8 of the scope of patent application further includes a cutting step after the winding step, which cuts man-made fibers after winding a certain length to obtain a finished product, and the whole The production speed is 3~30 meters per minute. The dyeing method of man-made fibers according to item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the man-made fiber material is selected from Poly Urethane (PU), Teflon film (Poly Tetra Fluoro Ethylene, PTFE), thermoplastic resin Ester (Thermoplastic Poly Urethane, TPU), Thermoplastic (Thermal Plastic Elastomer, TPE), Polyamide Fiber (Polyamide Fiber), and combinations of these.

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