TW202040054A - Illumination apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

An illumination apparatus includes a light-emitting device, a plurality of optical fibers, a first mounting component, a second mounting component, and a light coupler. Each optical fiber has a light incident end fixed to the first mounting component and a light emitting end fixed to the second mounting component. The light coupler is configured to couple light from the light-emitting device to the optical fibers.

Description

Lighting device

The present invention relates to an optical device, and particularly relates to a lighting device.

Light-Emitting Diode (LED) converts electrical energy into light energy through the combination of electrons and holes. Its energy conversion efficiency is high and it occupies a small volume, so it has gradually become the mainstream of lighting devices. However, due to the small area of the light-emitting diode and the limited light-emitting angle, it has strong directivity. Once used as the light-emitting source of road lighting fixtures, it often has the problem of glare due to excessive concentration of light, which is easy to cause The eyes of passersby and drivers are uncomfortable. Therefore, how to design a lighting device that can meet the required lighting effects and suppress glare has become a subject worthy of research and development.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a lighting device is provided, the structure of which helps to improve the uniformity of lighting and improve the glare problem.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a lighting device including a light-emitting element, a plurality of optical fibers, a first fixing part, a second fixing part, and an optical coupling assembly. Each optical fiber in the plurality of optical fibers has a light input end and a light output end. The first fixing member fixes the light incident end of the optical fiber. The second fixing member fixes the light exit end of the optical fiber. The optical coupling component is used to couple the light from the light-emitting element to multiple optical fibers.

Based on the above, in the illuminating device of the embodiment of the present invention, multiple optical fibers are used to change the spatial distribution of the light beam emitted by the high-directivity light source, forming the effect of visually dispersing the light source to improve the glare problem.

In order to make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the following specific embodiments are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a lighting device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lighting device 10 in FIG. 1. Please refer to FIGS. 1 and 2 first. The lighting device 10 of this embodiment includes a light-emitting element 100, a light coupling assembly 110, a spatial light modulator 120, a first fixing member 130, a second fixing member 150 and several optical fibers 140. The optical coupling assembly 110 includes a reflective sheet 111, a dichroic mirror 112, and a wavelength conversion element 113, and the optical coupling assembly 110 can be used to couple the light from the light-emitting element 100 into the optical fiber 140. In some embodiments, the lighting device 10 is an outdoor road lighting device, such as a street lamp.

The light emitting element 100 is used to provide an illumination light beam L1. In some embodiments, the light-emitting element 100 may include a light-emitting diode and a secondary lens, and the light-emitting diode is used to emit the illumination light beam L1. The secondary lens is used to increase the divergence angle of the illumination beam L1. The light emitting element 100 may include a single light source or multiple light sources. In some embodiments, the illumination light beam L1 emitted by the light emitting element 100 is blue light; in other embodiments, the illumination light beam L1 emitted by the light emitting element 100 is visible light (white light), ultraviolet light, or infrared light.

The light emitting element 100 may be arranged in the reflective sheet 111. The reflective sheet 111 can be made of opaque material, but it is not limited to this. In some embodiments, the reflective sheet 111 has an opening 111H, and the illuminating light beam L1 from the light emitting element 100 passes through the opening 111H into the light coupling assembly 110. In other embodiments, the opening 111H is used for disposing the light-emitting element 100. In some embodiments, the lighting device 10 further includes an optical element 111C, which can be disposed in the opening 111H. The optical element 111C may be a lens with high light transmittance, for example, a concave lens with a negative refractive power, so as to further diverge the illumination light beam L1 from the light-emitting element 100. In addition, the optical element 111C has a concave surface facing the light-emitting element 100 and is used for disposing the light-emitting element 100. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The optical element 111C can also be a convex lens, a flat light-transmitting element, or a curved plate-like element of equal thickness depending on the system requirements. In addition, the optical element 111C may be made of a transparent material. Furthermore, the transparent material may be doped with light scattering particles, or the transparent material may have an irregular or rough surface, thus having a light diffusion effect.

The reflective sheet 111, the dichroic mirror 112, and the wavelength conversion element 113 of the light coupling assembly 110 are sequentially arranged on the light-emitting side of the light emitting element 100. Furthermore, the reflective sheet 111, the dichroic mirror 112 and the wavelength conversion element 113 form a light Coupled cavity. The wavelength conversion element 113 is located between the reflection sheet 111 and the first fixing member 130, and is used to convert the illumination light beam L1 into a converted light beam L2. The wavelength of the converted light beam L2 is different from the wavelength of the illumination light beam L1. In other words, the wavelength conversion element 113 can convert the illumination light beam L1 in the first wavelength band into the converted light beam L2 in the second wavelength band. For example, in some embodiments, the illumination light beam L1 is blue light and the converted light beam L2 is yellow light. Therefore, the wavelength conversion element 113 down-converts the illumination light beam L1. In short, when the light emitting element 100 emits a blue illumination beam L1 to illuminate the wavelength conversion element 113, the phosphor in the wavelength conversion element 113 down-converts the blue illumination beam L1 to a yellow conversion beam L2, and partially transmits the blue illumination beam L1 In this way, the yellow light converted light beam L2 emitted from the wavelength conversion element 113 is mixed with the blue illumination light beam L1 to provide a white light effect. In order to realize photoluminescence (PL), the wavelength conversion element 113 may be a phosphor layer or a phosphor, and its composition may include yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG), calcium tungstate, and tungstic acid. Magnesium, zinc silicate, yttrium oxide, lanthanum oxide, aluminate, phosphate, nitride, sulfide or other light conversion materials (Luminescence Conversion Materials).

The wavelength conversion element 113 not only converts the frequency band of the partial illumination light beam L1 and transmits part of the illumination light beam L1, but also scatters the illumination light beam L1 and the converted light beam L2, causing energy loss. In order to improve the efficiency of light beam transmission, in some embodiments, the dichroic mirror 112 is disposed between the reflective sheet 111 and the wavelength conversion element 113, wherein the dichroic mirror 112 is adapted to diverge the illuminating light beam from the light emitting element 100 and the wavelength conversion element 113 L1 penetrates and is suitable for reflecting the converted light beam L2 diverged by the wavelength conversion element 113 back to the wavelength conversion element 113. It can be seen from the above that the dichroic mirror 112 can reflect the yellow light conversion light beam L2 emitted by the wavelength conversion element 113 to the wavelength conversion element 113, and the reflective sheet 111 can reflect the blue illumination light beam L1 from the wavelength conversion element 113 and the dichroic mirror 112. It reflects toward the wavelength conversion element 113.

In order to ensure the beam transmission efficiency, in some embodiments, the distance between the reflective sheet 111 and the dichroic mirror 112 may be related to the wavelength of the illumination beam L1 or the curvature of the optical element 111C. In some embodiments, the distance between the dichroic mirror 112 and the wavelength conversion element 113 is close to zero, in other words, they are closely arranged.

In order to provide a better reflection effect, in some embodiments, the surface of the reflective sheet 111 facing away from the light-emitting element 100 may have a reflective film or a dichroic film, wherein the dichroic film may be a dichroic to reflect blue light. membrane. The surface of the dichroic mirror 112 facing away from the light-emitting element 100 may have a dichroic film, which can be used to reflect the converted light beam L2 in the second frequency band, but allow the illumination light beam L1 in the first frequency band to pass, for example, to reflect yellow light but let Blue light passes, but the present invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments, a reflective coating or an optical film with high reflectivity can also be formed on the surface of the reflective sheet 111 and the dichroic mirror 112 facing the light-emitting element 100. It is worth noting that the dichroic mirror 112 needs to have a high transmittance in the blue wavelength band to ensure that the blue illumination beam L1 emitted by the light-emitting element 100 can propagate outward. In this case, the material of the dichroic mirror 112 can be glass Or epoxy resin, polyethylene terephthalate (Polyethylene Terephthalate, PET) plastic materials, but not limited to this. In addition, the reflection sheet 111 and the dichroic mirror 112 are, for example, in the shape of a flat plate, but may also be curved according to actual needs.

It can be seen from the above that the optical coupling component 110 can be used to guide and couple the illumination beam L1 and the converted beam L2 to the next optical element, such as the spatial light modulator 120 or the optical fiber 140, and to combine the blue illumination beam emitted by the light-emitting element 100 L1 is converted into a white light effect, and the divergence angle of the light beam can be increased by the optical element 111C.

Each optical fiber 140 has a light input end and a light output end. The first fixing member 130 fixes multiple light-incoming ends of the optical fiber 140, and the second fixing member 150 fixes multiple light-emitting ends of the optical fiber 140. In order to provide a fastening effect, the first fixing member 130 has a plurality of first holes 130H, and the light incident ends of the optical fibers 140 are respectively inserted into the first holes 130H. The second fixing member 150 has a plurality of second holes 150H, and the light emitting ends of the optical fibers 140 are respectively inserted into the second holes 150H. In some embodiments, each first hole 130H or each second hole 150H has a symmetry axis, the symmetry axis of each first hole 130H is parallel to the normal vector of the tangent plane corresponding to the first fixing member 130, and the symmetry of each second hole 150H The axis is parallel to the normal vector of the tangent plane corresponding to the second fixing member 150. In other words, each optical fiber 140 is vertically inserted on the surface of the first fixing member 130 and the second fixing member 150, and thus is fixed to the first fixing member 130 and the second fixing member respectively. The surface of the piece 150 is vertical. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments, each optical fiber 140 may not be perpendicular to the surface of the first fixing member 130 and the second fixing member 150.

In addition, in this embodiment, the extension range of the optical fiber 140 is in the lamp without being too long, so the light loss can be reduced.

In order to further reduce the directivity of the illuminating light beam L1 emitted by the light-emitting element 100, the distribution range of the optical fiber 140 on the first fixing member 130 may be smaller than the distribution range of the optical fiber 140 on the second fixing member 150, which means that the optical fiber 140 is tightly arranged on the first fixing member 130. Configuration, the optical fiber 140 is distributed in the second fixing member 150. It should be noted that the distribution range of the optical fiber 140 on the first fixing member 130 or the second fixing member 150 refers to the maximum projected area formed by the optical fiber 140 on the cut surface of the first fixing member 130 or the second fixing member 150. In some embodiments, the size of the first fixing member 130 is smaller than the size of the second fixing member 150, and the number of the first holes 130H of the first fixing member 130 is less than or equal to the number of the second holes 150H of the second fixing member 150. In this case, the distribution range of the first holes 130H in the first fixing member 130 is smaller than the distribution range of the second holes 150H in the second fixing member 150, which means that the arrangement of the first holes 130H of the first fixing member 130 is compared with The second holes 150H of the second fixing member 150 are closely arranged. In other words, the arrangement position of the second hole 150H of the second fixing member 150 can determine the illumination uniformity and even the light shape of the illuminating device 10.

In order to further adjust the light shape of the illuminating device 10, the spatial light modulator 120 can be arranged between the light coupling assembly 110 and the optical fiber 140. The spatial light modulator 120 is used to adjust the amount of incident light of the optical fiber 140 respectively to Change the light shape provided by the lighting device 10. In some embodiments, the spatial light modulator 120 and the wavelength conversion element 113 of the optical coupling assembly 110 are arranged adjacent to each other. In other embodiments, the distance between the spatial light modulator 120 and the wavelength conversion element 113 approaches Zero, in other words, the two are set closely. Similarly, in some embodiments, the first fixing member 130 is arranged adjacent to the spatial light modulator 120. In other embodiments, the distance between the first fixing member 130 and the spatial light modulator 120 is close to Zero, in other words, the two are set closely. The spatial light modulator 120 may be electrically coupled to the processor to indicate the operation status of the spatial light modulator 120 through the high-speed calculation of the processor. The processor may include a microcontroller (microcontroller), a microprocessor (Microprocessor), a central processing unit (CPU) or other integrated circuits, and may be further integrated into a System On A Chip (Soc) Or Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC).

The spatial light modulator 120 includes several pixels 120P. Each pixel 120P of the spatial light modulator 120 can respectively include an optical switch (Optical Switch, OS), which can be implemented in different ways depending on the system requirements, such as traditional mechanical optical switches and Micro Electro-Mechanical System (Micro Electro-Mechanical System, MEMS) optical switch, thermo-optical switch or liquid crystal optical switch. When the optical switch is implemented in a liquid crystal mode, each pixel 120P of the spatial light modulator 120 is each pixel on the liquid crystal panel. The positions of the first holes 130H of the first fixing member 130 may correspond to the positions of the pixels 120P of the spatial light modulator 120 respectively. For example, since the light input end of the optical fiber 140 can be arranged in a matrix like the pixels of the spatial light modulator 120, the light output end of the optical fiber 140 is appropriately arranged and distributed according to the actual demand for the light shape, such as It is distributed in circles, ellipses, rings or other geometric shapes.

When the light beam is emitted from the wavelength conversion element 113 of the optical coupling assembly 110 to the spatial light modulator 120, the spatial light modulator 120 can control the light transmittance of each pixel 120P according to the instructions of the processor, and affect the input to the optical fiber The amount of light 140 determines the light shape of the lighting device 10. In some embodiments, the light transmittance of each pixel 120P may be related to time. In other embodiments, each pixel 120P may have a different light transmittance. In other words, the light transmittance of each pixel 120P is related to the position. In some embodiments, the light transmittance of the pixel 120P in the central area of the spatial light modulator 120 is increased, and the light transmittance of the pixel 120P in the edge area is reduced, so that a concentrated light with a stronger central light intensity can be achieved. The edge light shape of the light distribution curve is a clear curve. In other embodiments, the light transmittance of the pixel 120P in the central area of the spatial light modulator 120 can be adaptively reduced, and the light transmittance of the pixel 120P in the edge area can be increased, thereby providing a more uniform light. shape.

Please refer to Figure 3A to Figure 3D together. 3A to 3C are schematic diagrams showing the light shape of the lighting device 10 in FIG. 1, in which the quadrilateral grid represents the ground G to be illuminated, and the lighting device 10 is disposed on the light pole 12 at a distance from the ground G and faces the ground G Provide lighting to create a light shape on the ground G (such as a curve on the ground G). FIG. 3D shows a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the light shape of the lighting device 10 in FIG. 3A, wherein the illuminances of the curve S1 to the curve S7 are 10, 5, 2, 1, 0.5, 0.2, 0.1 foot candles (fc), respectively. When the light transmittance of the pixels 120P of the spatial light modulator 120 in FIG. 1 is appropriately distributed, and the positions of the optical fiber 140 and the second hole 150H of the second fixing member 150 are appropriately distributed, it can be formed The two-directional light distribution design, in this way, can meet the 15233 standard of Taiwan Standard (CNS), the Chinese urban road lighting design standard CCJ45-2015 and the Type II of the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA) , Type III, Type IV standards. Among them, the two directions in the two-directional light distribution design respectively correspond to the road width direction Y and the road direction X, and the two-directional light distribution design means that the light distribution takes the road width direction Y as the symmetry axis, but not the road direction X is the axis of symmetry, so the light pattern distribution on the ground G presents an incompletely symmetric light pattern distribution, and the high-luminance light distribution is emitted along the road direction X. The two-directional light distribution design can make the light energy on the ground G uniform. Moreover, it can be seen from the above that with the spatial light modulator 120, the lighting device 10 can be switched to different light shapes without replacing the second fixing member 150, and the lighting flexibility of the lighting device 10 can be increased.

Please refer to FIG. 4. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lighting device 40 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The illuminating device 40 of this embodiment and the illuminating device 10 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 have similar structures and similar functions and effects, so the same symbols represent the same elements. The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment described in FIG. 1 is that the lighting device 40 is not provided with a spatial light modulator 120. In this case, the illuminating device 40 can still reduce the directivity of the light-emitting element 100 by using multiple optical fibers 140, or by the reflection of the secondary lens, the refraction of the optical element 111C and the reflection sheet 111, and the dichroic mirror 112, The light beam emitted by the light emitting element 100 is diverged. In other words, the spatial light modulator 120 of the lighting device 10 can be selectively provided.

Please refer to FIG. 5. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lighting device 50 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The lighting device 50 of this embodiment and the lighting device 10 of the embodiment described in FIG. 1 have similar structures, and have the same function and efficacy. Therefore, the same symbols represent the same elements. The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment described in FIG. 1 is that the light coupling component 510 of the lighting device 50 only includes the reflective sheet 111, but does not include the dichroic mirror 112 and the wavelength conversion element 113. Correspondingly, the light-emitting element 100 of the illuminating device 50 provides an illuminating light beam L1 in the white light waveband. In other words, when the light-emitting element 100 provides the illumination beam L1 of a specific wavelength band, the wavelength conversion element 113 may be unnecessary. In this case, only the reflective sheet 111 is needed to connect the spatial light modulator 120 and the first fixing member 130. The illumination beam L1 reflected by the second fixing member 150 or the optical fiber 140 toward the light-emitting element 100 is directed to the optical fiber 140 again. In other words, the dichroic mirror 112 and the wavelength conversion element 113 of the lighting device 10 can be selectively provided.

In FIG. 2, by distributing the optical fibers 140 on the second fixing member 150, the directivity of the illumination beam L1 emitted by the light-emitting element 100 can be reduced, so as to improve the glare problem. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, please refer to FIG. 6, which is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a lighting device 60 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The lighting device 60 of this embodiment and the lighting device 10 of the embodiment described in FIG. 1 have similar structures, and have the same function and efficacy, so the same symbols represent the same elements. The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment described in FIG. 1 is that the second hole 150H of the second fixing member 150 of the illuminating device 60 can be configured with an optical element 650C. The optical element 650C can be a lens with high light transmittance, and the surface curvature of the optical element 650C can also be adjusted according to actual needs to change the light shape provided by the lighting device 60. For example, in order to improve the uniformity of the illumination of the illuminating device 10, the surface curvature of the optical element 650C in the central area can be appropriately designed to have a divergent effect, and the surface curvature of the optical element 650C in the edge area can be appropriately designed to have a convergence effect. Alternatively, the surface curvature of the optical element 650C in the central area can be appropriately designed to have a higher divergence effect, and the surface curvature of the optical element 650C in the edge area can be appropriately designed to have a lower divergence effect. In other words, according to the surface curvature of the optical element 650C in the second hole 150H, the illumination uniformity and even the light shape of the illumination device 10 can be determined.

In summary, the present invention uses multiple optical fibers to change the spatial distribution of the light beams emitted by the highly directional light source, forming the effect of visually dispersing the light source, thus reducing the problem of excessive light intensity and improving the glare problem. Furthermore, the light is diffused through the reflection of the secondary lens, the refraction of the optical element and the reflection sheet (or dichroic mirror), so the area of the light source can be increased, and the glare can be further reduced. Moreover, through the structural design of the second hole of the fixing member, the position distribution and direction of the optical fiber can be adjusted, and the uniformity of the illumination can be improved, thereby achieving the light shape of the required light distribution curve, such as a two-directional light distribution design. Through the optical element in the second hole, the illumination uniformity and even the light shape of the illuminating device can be adjusted. Through the spatial light modulator, the lighting effect of the lighting device can be further adjusted, for example, a road lighting light shape that complies with traffic laws can be achieved. In this way, it can increase the visual comfort of passers-by without violating the requirements of road regulations.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the attached patent application.

10, 40, 50, 60: lighting device 12: Light pole 100: light-emitting element 110, 510: optical coupling components 111: reflective sheet 112: dichroic mirror 111H: Opening 111C, 650C: optical components 113: wavelength conversion element 120: Spatial light modulator 120P: pixel 130: The first fixing part 130H: first hole 140: Fiber 150: second fixing 150H: second hole D1: Spacing L1: Illumination beam L2: Conversion beam G: Ground X: road direction Y: Road width direction

Fig. 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a lighting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lighting device in FIG. 1. 3A to 3D are schematic diagrams showing the light shape of the lighting device in FIG. 1. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lighting device according to another embodiment of the invention. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lighting device according to another embodiment of the invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lighting device according to another embodiment of the invention.

10: Lighting device

100: light-emitting element

110: Optical coupling components

111: reflective sheet

112: dichroic mirror

111H: Opening

111C: Optical components

113: wavelength conversion element

120: Spatial light modulator

120P: pixel

130: The first fixing part

140: Fiber

L1: Illumination beam

L2: Conversion beam

150: second fixing

Claims (10)

A lighting device includes: A light-emitting element; A plurality of optical fibers, each of which has an optical input end and an optical output end; A first fixing member for fixing the light incident ends of the optical fibers; A second fixing member for fixing the light-emitting ends of the optical fibers; and An optical coupling component is used to couple the light from the light-emitting element to the optical fibers. For example, the lighting device described in item 1 of the scope of patent application further includes: a spatial light modulator disposed between the optical coupling component and the optical fibers, and the spatial light modulator is used to modulate the optical fibers of the optical fibers. The amount of incident light to change the shape of the light provided by the lighting device. The lighting device according to claim 2, wherein the spatial light modulator includes a plurality of pixels and is coupled to a processor, and the spatial light modulator controls the plurality of pixels according to instructions from the processor. The light transmittance of the pixel. The lighting device as described in item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein each pixel of the spatial light modulator includes an optical switch, and each optical switch is a mechanical optical switch, a microelectromechanical system optical switch, a thermo-optical switch, or LCD light switch. According to the lighting device described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the light coupling component includes: A reflective sheet has an opening, wherein the light from the light-emitting element passes through the opening to the light coupling component. The lighting device according to item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein the light coupling component includes: A wavelength conversion element, located between the reflection sheet and the first fixing member, for converting the light from the light emitting element into a converted light beam; A dichroic mirror is located between the reflective sheet and the wavelength conversion element, wherein the dichroic mirror is adapted to allow the light from the light-emitting element to pass through, and is adapted to reflect the converted light beam from the wavelength conversion element back to the Wavelength conversion element. The lighting device according to item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein the light coupling component includes: A lens is arranged in the opening, and the lens has a negative refractive power. For the lighting device described in claim 1, wherein the first fixing member has a plurality of first holes, the light incident ends of the optical fibers are respectively inserted into the first holes, and the second fixing The member has a plurality of second holes, and the light emitting ends of the optical fibers are respectively inserted into the second holes. In the lighting device described in item 8 of the scope of patent application, the arrangement of the first holes is closer than the arrangement of the second holes. According to the lighting device described in claim 1, wherein the distribution range of the optical fibers in the first fixing member is smaller than the distribution range of the optical fibers in the second fixing member.

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