TW202030929A - Antenna structure - Google Patents

Abstract

An antenna structure includes a first radiation element, a second radiation element, and a third radiation element. The first radiation element has a feeding point. The third radiation element is coupled through the second radiation element to the first radiation element. The third radiation element has a first opening and a second opening which are separate from each other. The antenna structure covers a first frequency band, a second frequency band, and a third frequency band.

Description

Antenna structure

The present invention relates to an antenna structure (Antenna Structure), and particularly relates to a wideband (Wideband) antenna structure.

With the development of mobile communication technology, mobile devices have become more and more common in recent years, such as portable computers, mobile phones, multimedia players and other portable electronic devices with mixed functions. In order to meet people's needs, mobile devices usually have wireless communication functions. Some cover long-distance wireless communication ranges. For example, mobile phones use 2G, 3G, LTE (Long Term Evolution) systems and the 700MHz, 850 MHz, 900MHz, 1800MHz, 1900MHz, 2100MHz, 2300MHz, and 2500MHz frequency bands used for communication. Others cover short-distance wireless communication ranges, such as: Wi-Fi and Bluetooth systems use 2.4GHz, 5.2GHz and 5.8GHz frequency bands for communication.

Antenna is an indispensable component in the field of wireless communication. If the bandwidth of the antenna used for receiving or transmitting signals is insufficient, it is easy to cause the communication quality of the mobile device to deteriorate. Therefore, how to design a small-sized, wide-band antenna element is an important issue for antenna designers.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides an antenna structure, including: a first radiating part having a feeding point; a second radiating part; and a third radiating part coupled to The first radiating part, wherein the third radiating part has a first opening and a second opening separated from each other; wherein the antenna structure covers a first frequency band, a second frequency band, and a third frequency band.

In some embodiments, the first frequency band is located at 1575 MHz, the second frequency band is between 2400 MHz and 2500 MHz, and the third frequency band is between 5150 MHz and 5850 MHz.

In some embodiments, the first radiation part presents a rectangle.

In some embodiments, the second radiation part presents a trapezoid shape.

In some embodiments, the third radiating portion has a straight strip shape.

In some embodiments, the first radiation portion and the third radiation portion are substantially parallel to each other.

In some embodiments, there is a first included angle between the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion, and the first included angle is between 0 degrees and 90 degrees.

In some embodiments, the first included angle is approximately equal to 45 degrees.

In some embodiments, there is a second included angle between the third radiating portion and the second radiating portion, and the second included angle is between 0 degrees and 90 degrees.

In some embodiments, the second included angle is approximately equal to 45 degrees.

In some embodiments, the sum of the first included angle and the second included angle is approximately equal to 90 degrees.

In some embodiments, the first opening and the second opening each exhibit a circular shape.

In some embodiments, the first frequency band is co-excited by the first radiating part, the second radiating part, and the third radiating part.

In some embodiments, the total length of the first radiating part, the second radiating part, and the third radiating part is approximately equal to 0.25 times the wavelength of the first frequency band.

In some embodiments, the second frequency band is co-excited by the first radiating part and the second radiating part.

In some embodiments, the total length of the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion is approximately equal to 0.25 wavelength of the second frequency band.

In some embodiments, the third frequency band is excited by the first radiation part.

In some embodiments, the length of the first radiating portion is substantially equal to 0.25 times the wavelength of the third frequency band.

In some embodiments, the width of the first radiation portion is greater than the width of the third radiation portion.

In some embodiments, the width of the third radiating portion is greater than the width of the second radiating portion.

In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, specific embodiments of the present invention are listed below, with the accompanying drawings, and detailed descriptions are as follows.

Certain words are used in the specification and the scope of the patent application to refer to specific elements. Those skilled in the art should understand that hardware manufacturers may use different terms to refer to the same component. This specification and the scope of patent application do not use differences in names as a way to distinguish elements, but use differences in functions of elements as a criterion. The terms "including" and "including" mentioned in the entire specification and the scope of the patent application are open-ended terms, so they should be interpreted as "including but not limited to". The term "approximately" means that within an acceptable error range, those skilled in the art can solve the technical problem within a certain error range and achieve the basic technical effect. In addition, the term "coupling" includes any direct and indirect electrical connection means in this specification. Therefore, if it is described that a first device is coupled to a second device, it means that the first device can be directly electrically connected to the second device, or indirectly electrically connected to the second device through other devices or connecting means. Two devices.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an antenna structure (Antenna Structure) 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The antenna structure 100 can be applied to a mobile device, such as a credit card machine (Credit Card Machine), a smart phone (Smart Phone), a tablet computer (Tablet Computer), or a notebook computer (Notebook Computer). As shown in Figure 1, the antenna structure 100 includes a first radiation element (Radiation Element) 110, a second radiation element 120, and a third radiation element 130. The first radiation element 110, the second radiation element 120, And the third radiation part 130 can be made of metal materials, such as copper, silver, aluminum, iron, or their alloys.

The first radiating part 110 may be substantially rectangular. The first radiating portion 110 has a first end 111 and a second end 112, and a feeding point FP is adjacent to the first end 111 of the first radiating portion 110. The feed point FP can be coupled to a signal source (not shown), such as a radio frequency (RF) module, which can be used to excite the antenna structure 100. It must be noted that the term "adjacent" or "adjacent" in this specification can mean that the distance between the corresponding two elements is less than a predetermined distance (for example: 5mm or less), and it can also include the direct contact between the two corresponding elements. Situation (that is, the aforementioned spacing is shortened to 0).

The second radiating part 120 may substantially exhibit a trapezoid shape. The second radiating portion 120 has a first end 121 and a second end 122, wherein the first end 121 of the second radiating portion 120 is coupled to a corner 116 of the first radiating portion 110, and the second radiating portion 120 The second end 122 is coupled to the third radiating portion 130 such that the third radiating portion 130 is coupled to the first radiating portion 110 via the second radiating portion 120. In detail, the second radiating portion 120 has a first side 123 and a second side 124 opposite and parallel to each other, wherein the length of the first side 123 is greater than the length of the second side 124. There is a first included angle θ1 between the first radiating portion 110 and the second side 124 of the second radiating portion 120, and the first included angle θ1 may be between 0 degrees and 90 degrees. There is a second included angle θ2 between the third radiating portion 130 and the second side 124 of the second radiating portion 120, wherein the second included angle θ2 may be between 0 degrees and 90 degrees. In some embodiments, the sum of the first included angle θ1 and the second included angle θ2 (that is, θ1+θ2) is approximately equal to 90 degrees.

The third radiating part 130 may be substantially in a straight strip shape, wherein the first radiating part 110 and the third radiating part 130 may be substantially parallel to each other. The third radiating portion 130 has a first end 131 and a second end 132, wherein the first end 131 of the third radiating portion 130 is coupled to the second end 122 of the second radiating portion 120, and the third radiating portion 130 The second end 132 is an open end. The second end 132 of the third radiating portion 130 may extend in substantially the same direction as the first end 111 of the first radiating portion 110.

The third radiation part 130 has a first opening 140 and a second opening 150 that are separated from each other. For example, the first opening 140 and the second opening 150 may each have a substantially circular shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the first opening 140 and the second opening 150 can also be approximately a square, a rectangle, or an equilateral triangle (not shown). The first opening 140 and the second opening 150 can be used as two positioning holes (Positioning Holes) of the antenna structure 100. When the antenna structure 100 is applied to a mobile device, the two plastic pillars of the mobile device can be inserted into the first opening 140 and the second opening 150 respectively to achieve the effect of fixing the antenna structure 100. In addition, according to the actual measurement results, the addition of the first opening 140 and the second opening 150 can also be used to adjust the impedance matching of the antenna structure 100 to increase the overall operating bandwidth of the antenna structure 100 (Operation Bandwidth) .

In some embodiments, the first radiating portion 110, the second radiating portion 120, and the third radiating portion 130 are a planar structure, which can be disposed on a non-conductive supporting element (Nonconductive Supporting Element) or a dielectric substrate (Dielectric substrate). Substrate). In other embodiments, the first radiating portion 110, the second radiating portion 120, and the third radiating portion 130 can also be changed to a three-dimensional structure to match the internal space design of the mobile device.

Figure 2 is a diagram showing the return loss (Return Loss) of the antenna structure 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the horizontal axis represents the operating frequency (MHz) and the vertical axis represents the return loss (dB). According to the measurement results in Figure 2, the antenna structure 100 can cover a first frequency band (Frequency Band) FB1, a second frequency band FB2, and a third frequency band FB3. The first frequency band FB1 can be roughly located at 1575MHz, and the second The frequency band FB2 may be between 2400 MHz and 2500 MHz, and the third frequency band FB3 may be between 5150 MHz and 5850 MHz. Therefore, the antenna structure 100 will at least support GPS (Global Positioning System) and WLAN (Wireless Local Area Networks) 2.4GHz/5GHz multi-band bandwidth operation.

In some embodiments, the operating principle of the antenna structure 100 may be as follows. The aforementioned first frequency band FB1 is jointly excited by the first radiating portion 110, the second radiating portion 120, and the third radiating portion 130. The aforementioned second frequency band FB2 is generated by both the first radiating portion 110 and the second radiating portion 120. The aforementioned third frequency band FB3 is excited by the first radiating part 110. According to the actual measurement result, due to the coupling effect between the radiation parts, the frequency range of the third frequency band FB3 can be fine-tuned by changing the size and position of the first opening 140 and the second opening 150.

In some embodiments, the element size of the antenna structure 100 may be as follows. The total length L1 of the first radiating portion 110, the second radiating portion 120, and the third radiating portion 130 (that is, from the first end 111, through the first end 121, the second end 122, and then to the second end 132 The total length L1) can be approximately equal to 0.25 times the wavelength (λ/4) of the first frequency band FB1. The total length L2 of the first radiating portion 110 and the second radiating portion 120 (that is, the total length L2 from the first end 111 through the first end 121 to the second end 122) may be approximately equal to the second frequency band FB2 0.25 times the wavelength (λ/4). The length L3 of the first radiating portion 110 (that is, the length L3 from the first end 111 to the second end 112) may be approximately equal to 0.25 times the wavelength (λ/4) of the third frequency band FB3. The above wavelength refers to the wavelength of the antenna structure 100 in free space. If the antenna structure 100 is arranged on a plastic fixing (supporting) element or a dielectric substrate, the aforementioned total length L1 can be between 0.15 to 0.17 wavelengths (0.15λ～0.17λ) of the first frequency band FB1, and the aforementioned total length L2 can be between 0.15 to 0.17 wavelengths of the second frequency band FB2 (0.15λ～0.17λ), and the aforementioned length L3 can be between 0.15 to 0.17 wavelengths of the third frequency band FB3 (0.15λ～0.17λ) . The width W1 of the first radiating portion 110 may be greater than the width W3 of the third radiating portion 130, and the width W3 of the third radiating portion 130 may be greater than the width W2 of the second radiating portion 120 (ie, W1>W3>W2). The first included angle θ1 may be approximately equal to 45 degrees. The second included angle θ2 can also be approximately equal to 45 degrees. There is a first distance D1 between the feeding point FP and the first end 111 of the first radiating portion 110, wherein the first distance D1 may be between 1 mm and 2 mm. There is a second distance D2 between the first opening 140 and the second opening 150, wherein the second distance D2 may be between 5 mm and 10 mm, preferably 8.5 mm. There is a third distance D3 between the first opening 140 and the first end 131 of the third radiating portion 130, wherein the third distance D3 may be between 1 mm and 2 mm, preferably 1.2 mm. There is a fourth distance D4 between the second opening 150 and the second end 132 of the third radiating portion 130, wherein the fourth distance D4 may be between 1 mm and 5 mm, preferably 2.3 mm. The second distance D2 may be greater than the third distance D3 and the fourth distance D4, and the fourth distance D4 may be greater than or equal to the third distance D3. For example, the second distance D2 may be 5 to 10 times the third distance D3, preferably 7 times, and the second distance D2 may be 2 to 5 times the fourth distance D4, preferably 3.7 times. The radius R1 of the first opening 140 may be between 0.2 mm and 0.8 mm, preferably 0.5 mm. The radius R2 of the second opening 150 may be between 0.2 mm and 0.8 mm, and preferably may be 0.5 mm. The radius R1 of the first opening 140 may be substantially equal to the radius R2 of the second opening 150. The above size range is calculated based on the results of many experiments, which helps to optimize the operating bandwidth and impedance matching of the antenna structure 100.

FIG. 3 shows a radiation efficiency (Radiation Efficiency) diagram of the antenna structure 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the horizontal axis represents the operating frequency (MHz) and the vertical axis represents the radiation efficiency (dB). According to the measurement results in Figure 3, the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure 100 in the first frequency band FB1 can reach about -2.5dB, and the radiation efficiency in the second frequency band FB2 can reach about -3.58dB, and in the third frequency band FB3 The radiation efficiency can reach about -2.68dB, which can already meet the practical application requirements of general mobile communication devices.

The present invention provides a novel antenna structure. Compared with traditional antenna designs, it has at least the following advantages: (1) Close to planar design; (2) Easy to mass produce; (3) Enough to cover the full frequency bands of GPS and WLAN ; (4) Miniaturized overall size; and (5) Low manufacturing cost. Therefore, the antenna structure of the present invention is very suitable for application in various miniaturized mobile communication devices.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned component size, component shape, and frequency range are not the limiting conditions of the present invention. The antenna designer can adjust these settings according to different needs. The antenna structure of the present invention is not limited to the state shown in FIGS. 1-3. The present invention may only include any one or more of the features of any one or more of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1-3. In other words, not all the features shown in the figures need to be implemented in the antenna structure of the present invention at the same time.

The ordinal numbers in this specification and the scope of the patent application, such as "first", "second", "third", etc., do not have a sequential relationship between each other, and they are only used to distinguish two having the same Different components of the name.

Although the present invention is disclosed as above in a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Anyone who is familiar with the art can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to those defined by the attached patent scope.

100: antenna structure 110: First Radiation Department 111: The first end of the first radiating part 112: The second end of the first radiating part 116: The corner of the first radiation department 120: Second Radiation Department 121: The first end of the second radiating part 122: The second end of the second radiating part 123: The first side of the second radiating part 124: The second side of the second radiating part 130: Third Radiation Department 131: The first end of the third radiating part 132: The second end of the third radiating part 140: first opening 150: second opening D1: first distance D2: second distance D3: third distance D4: Fourth distance FP: feed point FB1: First frequency band FB2: Second frequency band FB3: Third frequency band L1: The total length of the first radiation part, the second radiation part, and the third radiation part L2: The total length of the first radiating part and the second radiating part L3: Length of the first radiating part R1, R2: radius W1, W2, W3: width θ1: The first included angle θ2: second included angle

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the antenna structure according to an embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 is a diagram showing the return loss of the antenna structure according to an embodiment of the invention. Figure 3 is a diagram showing the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure according to an embodiment of the invention.

100: antenna structure

110: First Radiation Department

111: The first end of the first radiating part

112: The second end of the first radiating part

116: The corner of the first radiation department

120: Second Radiation Department

121: The first end of the second radiating part

122: The second end of the second radiating part

123: The first side of the second radiating part

124: The second side of the second radiating part

130: Third Radiation Department

131: The first end of the third radiating part

132: The second end of the third radiating part

140: first opening

150: second opening

D1: first distance

D2: second distance

D3: third distance

D4: Fourth distance

FP: feed point

L1: The total length of the first radiation part, the second radiation part, and the third radiation part

L2: The total length of the first radiating part and the second radiating part

L3: Length of the first radiating part

R1, R2: radius

W1, W2, W3: width

θ1: The first included angle

θ2: second included angle

Claims (20)

An antenna structure, including: A first radiating part with a feeding point; A second radiating part; and A third radiating part coupled to the first radiating part via the second radiating part, wherein the third radiating part has a first opening and a second opening separated from each other; The antenna structure covers a first frequency band, a second frequency band, and a third frequency band. As for the antenna structure described in claim 1, wherein the first frequency band is located at 1575MHz, the second frequency band is between 2400MHz and 2500MHz, and the third frequency band is between 5150MHz and 5850MHz. In the antenna structure described in claim 1, wherein the first radiating part is rectangular. In the antenna structure described in the first item of the scope of patent application, the second radiating portion is a trapezoid. In the antenna structure described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the third radiating portion is in a straight strip shape. In the antenna structure described in claim 1, wherein the first radiating portion and the third radiating portion are substantially parallel to each other. According to the antenna structure described in claim 1, wherein the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion have a first included angle, and the first included angle is between 0 degrees and 90 degrees. In the antenna structure described in item 7 of the scope of patent application, the first angle is approximately equal to 45 degrees. According to the antenna structure described in item 7 of the scope of patent application, there is a second included angle between the third radiating portion and the second radiating portion, and the second included angle is between 0 degrees and 90 degrees. In the antenna structure described in item 9 of the scope of patent application, the second included angle is approximately equal to 45 degrees. In the antenna structure described in item 9 of the scope of patent application, the sum of the first included angle and the second included angle is approximately equal to 90 degrees. According to the antenna structure described in the first item of the patent application, the first opening and the second opening each present a circular shape. In the antenna structure described in claim 1, wherein the first frequency band is co-excited by the first radiating part, the second radiating part, and the third radiating part. According to the antenna structure described in claim 1, wherein the total length of the first radiating part, the second radiating part, and the third radiating part is approximately equal to 0.25 times the wavelength of the first frequency band. In the antenna structure described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, the second frequency band is co-excited by the first radiating part and the second radiating part. According to the antenna structure described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the total length of the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion is approximately equal to 0.25 times the wavelength of the second frequency band. In the antenna structure described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the third frequency band is excited by the first radiating part. According to the antenna structure described in claim 1, wherein the length of the first radiating portion is approximately equal to 0.25 times the wavelength of the third frequency band. In the antenna structure described in claim 1, wherein the width of the first radiating portion is greater than the width of the third radiating portion. According to the antenna structure described in claim 1, wherein the width of the third radiating portion is greater than the width of the second radiating portion.

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