TW202029605A - Battery device and controlling method thereof - Google Patents
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本發明是有關於一種電池裝置及其控制方法,且特別是有關於一種可提高安全度的電池裝置及其控制方法。The present invention relates to a battery device and a control method thereof, and particularly relates to a battery device and a control method thereof that can improve safety.
隨著電子科技的進步,電子產品成為人們生活中的必備工具。為了提升電子產品的工作時程,提供高效能的電池裝置成為重要的課題。With the advancement of electronic technology, electronic products have become essential tools in people's lives. In order to improve the working schedule of electronic products, it is an important issue to provide high-efficiency battery devices.
然而,除了提高電池裝置的供電效能外,電池裝置的安全性更是需要考量的重要因素。因此,過度充電所造成的電池胞的膨脹現象,是電池裝置的設計者,所必須要考慮的重要問題。However, in addition to improving the power supply efficiency of the battery device, the safety of the battery device is an important factor that needs to be considered. Therefore, the expansion of battery cells caused by overcharging is an important issue that must be considered by the designer of battery devices.
本發明提供一種電池裝置及其控制方法,可確保電池組不因儲存電壓過高而導致損壞。The invention provides a battery device and a control method thereof, which can ensure that the battery pack is not damaged due to excessively high storage voltage.
本發明的電池裝置包括電池組、開關組、第一控制器、第二控制器、熔絲以及自放電開關。開關組耦接至電池組,用以提供充放電路徑。第一控制器耦接至電池組以及開關組,產生並傳送控制信號至開關組。第二控制器耦接至電池組,依據電池組的電壓以產生過電壓保護信號。熔絲耦接第二控制器,並耦接在開關組以及電池組間,依據過電壓保護信號以被熔斷。自放電開關耦接該第二控制器以及電池組,依據該過電壓保護信號以被導通,以使該電池組進行放電動作。The battery device of the present invention includes a battery pack, a switch pack, a first controller, a second controller, a fuse, and a self-discharge switch. The switch group is coupled to the battery group to provide a charging and discharging path. The first controller is coupled to the battery pack and the switch group, and generates and transmits control signals to the switch group. The second controller is coupled to the battery pack and generates an overvoltage protection signal according to the voltage of the battery pack. The fuse is coupled to the second controller, and is coupled between the switch group and the battery group, and is blown according to the overvoltage protection signal. The self-discharge switch is coupled to the second controller and the battery pack, and is turned on according to the over-voltage protection signal to make the battery pack perform a discharge action.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的第二控制器在該電池組的電壓大於預設臨界值時,產生過電壓保護信號以使熔絲被熔斷,並使自放電開關被導通。In an embodiment of the present invention, when the voltage of the battery pack is greater than the preset threshold, the above-mentioned second controller generates an over-voltage protection signal so that the fuse is blown and the self-discharge switch is turned on.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的熔絲被熔斷的動作與自放電開關被導通的動作同步發生。In an embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned fuse being blown occurs synchronously with the self-discharge switch being turned on.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的第二控制器透過自放電開關使電池組的電壓被放電至等於釋放電壓值。In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned second controller discharges the voltage of the battery pack to be equal to the release voltage value through the self-discharge switch.
在本發明的一實施例中,上述的釋放電壓值依據電池組在儲存溫度下的膨脹狀態來決定。In an embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned release voltage value is determined according to the expansion state of the battery pack at the storage temperature.
本發明的電池裝置的控制方法包括:提供第一控制器以產生並傳送控制信號至開關組,並使開關組提供充放電路徑;提供第二控制器以依據電池組的電壓以產生過電壓保護信號;提供熔絲以耦接在開關組以及電池組間;以及,使熔絲依據過電壓保護信號以被熔斷,並提供自放電開關,使自放電開關依據過電壓保護信號以被導通並使電池組進行放電動作。The control method of the battery device of the present invention includes: providing a first controller to generate and transmit a control signal to the switch group, and enabling the switch group to provide a charging and discharging path; and providing a second controller to generate overvoltage protection according to the voltage of the battery group Signal; provide a fuse to be coupled between the switch group and the battery pack; and make the fuse be blown according to the overvoltage protection signal, and provide a self-discharge switch, so that the self-discharge switch is turned on and causes the The battery pack performs a discharge operation.
基於上述,本發明透過電池裝置中的第二控制器,在當電池組的電壓過高時而需要將電池裝置中的熔絲熔斷時,也對應使自放電開關被導通。透過自放電開關的導通動作,可使電池組在電池裝置的熔絲被熔斷後,透過自放電開關進行放電動作。如此一來,電池組中的儲存電荷可以獲得宣洩,並使電池組的電壓降低。在這樣的條件下,電池組發生膨脹的情況將大幅的降低,使電池組發生損壞的機率並確保電池裝置的安全性。Based on the above, the present invention uses the second controller in the battery device to enable the self-discharge switch to be turned on when the fuse in the battery device needs to be blown when the voltage of the battery pack is too high. Through the conduction action of the self-discharge switch, the battery pack can be discharged through the self-discharge switch after the fuse of the battery device is blown. In this way, the stored charge in the battery pack can be discharged, and the voltage of the battery pack can be reduced. Under such conditions, the expansion of the battery pack will be greatly reduced, the probability of damage to the battery pack and the safety of the battery device will be ensured.
為讓本發明的上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉實施例,並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如下。In order to make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the following specific embodiments are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
請參照圖1,圖1繪示本發明一實施例的電池裝置的示意圖。電池裝置100包括電池組110、開關組120、第一控制器130、第二控制器140、熔絲150、自放電開關160、連接器170以及電流感測器180。其中,電池組110包括電池胞BC1~BC3,並耦接至熔絲150、自放電開關160、第一控制器130、第二控制器140以及電流感測器180。電池組110中包括的電池胞BC1~BC3可以相互串聯耦接,或者在其他實施例中,電池胞BC1~BC3可以透過並聯或串聯並聯的組合來進行耦接,沒有固定的限制。Please refer to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The
開關組120耦接在熔絲150以及連接器170間。在本實施例中,開關組120包括充電開關121以及放電開關122。充電開關121以及放電開關122串接在熔絲150以及連接器170間,並分別受控於控制信號(包括充電控制信號CT1以及放電控制信號CT2)。開關組120用以依據充電控制信號CT1以及放電控制信號CT2以在連接器170以及電池組110間提供一充放電路徑。The
連接器170用以連接外部裝置。例如連接器170可連接作為負載的外部電子裝置,使電池組110透過開關組120進行放電動作以對外部電子裝置進行放電。連接器170也可連接外部電源,並使外部電源可透過開關組120對電池組110進行充電。當然,上述的外部電子裝置以及外部電源可以屬於相同的外部裝置,沒有一定的限制。The
在本實施例中,第一控制器130耦接至電池組110、開關組120、第二控制器140、熔絲150、連接器170以及電流感測器180。第一控制器130可產生充電控制信號CT1以及放電控制信號CT2,並分別傳送充電控制信號CT1以及放電控制信號CT2至充電開關121以及放電開關122,以分別控制充電開關121以及放電開關122的導通或斷開狀態。第一控制器130並偵測電池組110的工作狀態,並接收電池組110中各電池胞BC1~BC3的電壓CV以及溫度CT。第一控制器130另接收電流感測器180所產生的偵測充電電流CC以及偵測放電電流DC。第一控制器130可依據所獲得的各電池胞BC1~BC3的電壓CV、溫度CT、偵測充電電流CC以及偵測放電電流DC來產生充電控制信號CT1以及放電控制信號CT2以控制電池裝置100的充電及/或放電動作。並且,第一控制器130可在必要時,產生熔絲熔斷信號BF以使熔絲被熔斷,並藉以切斷電池組110與連接器170間的充放電路徑。附帶一提,第一控制器130並可透過連接器170傳送關於電池裝置100的狀態資訊至外部裝置。In this embodiment, the
在另一方面,第二控制器140耦接至電池組110、第一控制器130、熔絲150以及自放電開關160。第二控制器140可接收各電池胞BC1~BC3的電壓CV、溫度CT,並依據電壓CV來產生過電壓保護信號OVP。在本實施例中,過電壓保護信號OVP可被傳送至自放電開關160以及熔絲150。過電壓保護信號OVP用以使熔絲150被熔斷,並使自放電開關160被導通。在此請注意,在當第二控制器140產生過電壓保護信號OVP時,熔絲150的熔斷動作以及自放電開關160的導通動作可以同步進行。On the other hand, the
在此請注意,在當熔絲150因電池組110發生過電壓現象被熔斷後,電池組110中的電池胞BC1~BC3可透過被導通的自放電開關160進行放電動作,並使電池胞BC1~BC3中所儲存的電荷量可以減小。這樣一來,可以降低電池胞BC1~BC3因儲存的電量過大而發生膨脹的現象,除可避免電池胞BC1~BC3損壞外,並可避免發生爆炸的危險。Please note here that after the
在此請注意,第二控制器140可在電池組110的電壓超過一預設臨界值時產生過電壓保護信號OVP,並藉由過電壓保護信號OVP以使熔絲150被熔斷以切斷充放電路徑。並且,藉由過電壓保護信號OVP來使自放電開關160被導通,來使電池組110進行放電動作。在本實施例中,電池組110可透過自放電開關160進行放電,至電池組110的電壓下降至等於一釋放電壓值時,方停止放電動作。也就是說,當電池組110的電壓下降至等於釋放電壓值時,第二控制器140使自放電開關160被斷開,並停止電池組110的放電動作。Please note here that the
在本實施例中,釋放電壓值可依據電池組110在一儲存溫度下的膨脹狀態來決定,其中上述的膨脹狀態為電池組110在儲存溫度下時所產生的體積變化不大於10%。In this embodiment, the release voltage value can be determined according to the expansion state of the
舉例來說明,若在當電池組110的電壓大於4.5伏特(V)時,第二控制器140產生過電壓保護信號OVP來使自放電開關160被導通,並使電池組110進行放電動作。第二控制器140並可在當電池組110的電壓下降至4.2V或4.1V時切斷自放電開關160,並停止放電動作。For example, if the voltage of the
附帶一提的,在本實施例中,第一控制器130以及第二控制器140的硬體架構,可以為具運算能力的處理器,或者,也可以是透過硬體描述語言(Hardware Description Language, HDL)或是其他任意本領域具通常知識者所熟知的數位電路的設計方式來進行設計,並透過現場可程式邏輯門陣列(Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA)、複雜可程式邏輯裝置(Complex Programmable Logic Device, CPLD)或是特殊應用積體電路(Application-specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC)的方式來實現的硬體電路。Incidentally, in this embodiment, the hardware architectures of the
以下請參照圖2,圖2繪示本發明另一實施例的電池裝置的示意圖。電池裝置200包括電池組210、開關組220、第一控制器230、第二控制器240、熔絲250、自放電開關260以及連接器270。在本實施例中,開關組220中包括由電晶體M3、M4分別建構的充電開關221、開關SW1以及放電開關222。第一控制器230分別提供用以控制電晶體M3、M4的充電控制信號CT1以及放電控制信號CT2。充電開關221以及放電開關222的兩端並分別透過電阻R1、R2以耦接至第一控制器230,此外,充電開關221以及放電開關222的兩端間並設置串聯耦接的電容C1以及C2。充電開關221以及放電開關222的相互耦接端則透過二極體D1耦接至第一控制器230。Please refer to FIG. 2 below. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery device according to another embodiment of the present invention. The
在另一方面,在本實施例中,自放電開關260由電晶體M1所構成。電晶體M1串接在電池組210以及參考接地端GND間,電晶體M1的控制端並接收過電壓保護信號OVP,並依據過電壓保護信號OVP以被導通,並提供電池組210對參考接地端GND的放電路徑。值得一提的,本實施例另包括開關SW1。開關SW1串接在熔絲250的中心端以及參考接地端GND間。開關SW1由電晶體M2所建構。電晶體M2的控制端接收過電壓保護信號OVP,並依據過電壓保護信號OVP被導通。在當開關SW1被導通時,熔絲250的中心端被拉低至等於接地電壓(參考接地端GND上的電壓),並使熔絲250被熔斷。On the other hand, in this embodiment, the self-
在熔絲250被熔斷後,自放電開關260可持續被導通,並使電池組210的電壓下降。自放電開關260的導通狀態可持續至電池組210的電壓被放電至等於釋放電壓值時停止。After the
以下請參照圖3,圖3繪示本發明一實施例的電池裝置的控制方法的流程圖。步驟S310提供第一控制器以產生並傳送控制信號至開關組,並使開關組提供充放電路徑;步驟S320提供第二控制器以依據電池組的電壓以產生過電壓保護信號;步驟S330提供熔絲以耦接在開關組以及電池組間;步驟S340則使熔絲依據過電壓保護信號以被熔斷,並提供自放電開關,使自放電開關依據過電壓保護信號以被導通並使電池組進行放電動作。Please refer to FIG. 3 below. FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of a control method of a battery device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Step S310 provides a first controller to generate and transmit control signals to the switch group, and make the switch group provide a charging and discharging path; step S320 provides a second controller to generate an overvoltage protection signal according to the voltage of the battery group; step S330 provides a melting The wire is coupled between the switch group and the battery pack; in step S340, the fuse is blown according to the overvoltage protection signal, and a self-discharge switch is provided, so that the self-discharge switch is turned on according to the overvoltage protection signal and makes the battery pack perform Discharge action.
關於上述步驟的實施細節,在前述實施例中已有詳盡的說明,在此述不贅述。The implementation details of the foregoing steps have been described in detail in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
綜上所述,本發明透過設置自放電開關,在當電池組發生過電壓狀態時,使熔絲熔斷以切斷電池組的充放電路徑,並且,透過自放電開關來使電池組進行放電動作。如此一來,可降低電池組因儲存過高的電壓而產生膨脹的風險,並免電池組發生損壞,並維持電池裝置的安全性。In summary, the present invention uses a self-discharge switch to blow the fuse to cut off the charge and discharge path of the battery pack when an overvoltage condition occurs in the battery pack, and the self-discharge switch allows the battery pack to discharge . In this way, the risk of expansion of the battery pack due to storage of excessively high voltage can be reduced, the battery pack can be prevented from being damaged, and the safety of the battery device can be maintained.
雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明的精神和範圍內,當可作些許的更動與潤飾,故本發明的保護範圍當視後附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the attached patent application.
100、200:電池裝置
110、210:電池組
120、220:開關組
130、230:第一控制器
140、240:第二控制器
150、250:熔絲
160、260:自放電開關
170、270:連接器
180:電流感測器
121、221:充電開關
122、222:放電開關
BC1~BC3:電池胞
CT1:充電控制信號
CT2:放電控制信號
CV:電壓
CT:溫度
CC:偵測充電電流
DC:偵測放電電流
PIFO:工作資訊
BF:熔絲熔斷信號
OVP:過電壓保護信號
M1~M4:電晶體
D1:二極體
C1、C2:電容
R1、R2:電阻
SW1:開關
S110~S140:控制方法的步驟100, 200:
圖1繪示本發明一實施例的電池裝置的示意圖。 圖2繪示本發明另一實施例的電池裝置的示意圖。 圖3繪示本發明一實施例的電池裝置的控制方法的流程圖。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery device according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery device according to another embodiment of the invention. FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of a control method of a battery device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
100:電池裝置 100: battery device
110:電池組 110: battery pack
120:開關組 120: switch group
130:第一控制器 130: first controller
140:第二控制器 140: second controller
150:熔絲 150: Fuse
160:自放電開關 160: Self-discharge switch
170:連接器 170: Connector
180:電流感測器 180: current sensor
BC1~BC3:電池胞 BC1~BC3: battery cell
CT1:充電控制信號 CT1: charge control signal
CT2:放電控制信號 CT2: discharge control signal
CV:電壓 CV: Voltage
CT:溫度 CT: temperature
CC:偵測充電電流 CC: Detect charging current
DC:偵測放電電流 DC: detect discharge current
PIFO:工作資訊 PIFO: job information
OVP:過電壓保護信號 OVP: Overvoltage protection signal
121:充電開關 121: Charging switch
122:放電開關 122: Discharge switch
BF:熔絲熔斷信號 BF: Fuse blown signal
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TWI294715B (en) * | 2004-03-25 | 2008-03-11 | O2Micro Int Ltd | Secondary battery protection circuit with over voltage transient protection, battery pack and electronic device using the same |
JP5683372B2 (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2015-03-11 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | Charge / discharge control device, battery pack, electric device, and charge / discharge control method |
US9425631B2 (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2016-08-23 | Infineon Technologies Austria Ag | System and method for battery management |
US10424915B2 (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2019-09-24 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Secondary protection with permanent disable for a battery |
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