TW202027557A - Arbitrary-ratio analog current division circuit and method of current division - Google Patents
Arbitrary-ratio analog current division circuit and method of current division Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本發明係關於一種分配電路,且更特定言之係關於一種類比電流分配電路。The present invention relates to a distribution circuit, and more specifically relates to an analog current distribution circuit.
能夠將一電流劃分為相等或不等比例之兩個或更多個通道之一發光裝置(LED)或電致發光裝置(ELD)電路提供特定優點。例如,不同色彩之多個LED通道可在一相關色溫(CCT)調諧系統中共用一單通道LED驅動器而無需多通道DC/DC轉換器。A light emitting device (LED) or electroluminescent device (ELD) circuit that can divide a current into two or more channels of equal or unequal proportions provides specific advantages. For example, multiple LED channels of different colors can share a single-channel LED driver in a correlated color temperature (CCT) tuning system without the need for a multi-channel DC/DC converter.
一般而言,存在兩種電流分配方法。第一方法係分時方法。在分時方法中,各通道在分配時槽內傳導輸入電流之全振幅。第二方法係按振幅劃分電流。第二方法在類比域中操作且產生小振幅之多個電流,該等小振幅之總和等於輸入電流之振幅。按振幅劃分一電流提供特定優點,包含但不限於避免切換雜訊及最大化LED之利用,藉此提高功效。Generally speaking, there are two current distribution methods. The first method is a time-sharing method. In the time-sharing method, each channel conducts the full amplitude of the input current in the allocated time slot. The second method is to divide the current by amplitude. The second method operates in the analog domain and generates multiple currents with small amplitudes. The sum of the small amplitudes is equal to the amplitude of the input current. Dividing a current by amplitude provides specific advantages, including but not limited to avoiding switching noise and maximizing LED utilization, thereby improving efficiency.
一般而言,透過並聯LED陣列達成LED中之類比電流分配。電阻器串聯連接在各陣列上以線性化正向電壓。並聯LED陣列最佳由相等電流驅動以避免電流獨佔(hogging)。因此,必須將電流劃分為相等比例且系統僅可處置並聯LED陣列之間之極其有限的不匹配量。Generally speaking, parallel LED arrays are used to achieve analog current distribution among LEDs. Resistors are connected in series on each array to linearize the forward voltage. The parallel LED arrays are preferably driven by equal currents to avoid current hogging. Therefore, the current must be divided into equal proportions and the system can only handle a very limited amount of mismatch between parallel LED arrays.
提供一種能夠經由並聯LED陣列將一電流劃分為兩個或更多個通道(其中電流被劃分為任意比率)且可處置並聯LED陣列之間之一較大不匹配的LED電路將為有益的。It would be beneficial to provide an LED circuit capable of dividing a current into two or more channels via parallel LED arrays (where the current is divided into an arbitrary ratio) and handling a large mismatch between the parallel LED arrays.
本發明提供用於將一單一電流源劃分為兩個或更多個電流通道之電路及方法。本發明之電路及方法容許將一單一電流源劃分為任意比率且可容忍電流通道之間之一較大不匹配。The present invention provides a circuit and method for dividing a single current source into two or more current channels. The circuit and method of the present invention allow a single current source to be divided into any ratio and can tolerate a large mismatch between the current channels.
本申請案主張2018年9月27日申請之美國專利申請案序號16/145,053及2018年12月3日申請之歐洲專利申請案序號18209861.6之優先權利,該等案各者之全文以引用的方式併入本文中。This application claims the priority of the U.S. Patent Application No. 16/145,053 filed on September 27, 2018 and the European Patent Application No. 18209861.6 filed on December 3, 2018. The full text of each of these cases is incorporated by reference. Incorporated into this article.
在下文描述中,闡述諸如特定結構、組件、材料、尺寸、處理步驟及技術之眾多具體細節以提供對本發明實施例之透徹理解。然而,一般技術者將瞭解,可在無此等具體細節之情況下實踐實施例。在其他例項中,尚未詳細描述熟知結構或處理步驟以避免使實施例不清楚。將瞭解,當諸如一層、區或基板之一元件被稱為「在另一元件上」或「上方」時,其可直接在該另一元件上或亦可存在中介元件。相比之下,當一元件被稱為「直接在另一元件上」或「直接」在另一元件上方時,不存在中介元件。亦將瞭解,當一元件被稱為「在另一元件下面」、「下方」或「下」時,其可直接在該另一元件下面或下或可存在中介元件。相比之下,當一元件被稱為「直接在另一元件下面」或「直接在另一元件下」時,不存在中介元件。In the following description, numerous specific details such as specific structures, components, materials, dimensions, processing steps, and techniques are described to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. However, those of ordinary skill will understand that the embodiments can be practiced without such specific details. In other examples, well-known structures or processing steps have not been described in detail to avoid obscuring the embodiments. It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "over" another element, it can be directly on the other element or an intervening element may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" or "directly" on another element, there is no intervening element. It will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "under", "under" or "under" another element, it can be directly under or under the other element or an intervening element may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly under another element" or "directly under another element," there is no intervening element.
為了不使下文詳細描述中之實施例之呈現不清楚,此項技術中已知之一些處理步驟或操作可能已組合在一起用於呈現及繪示目的,且在一些例項中可並未詳細描述。在其他例項中,可能完全未描述此項技術中已知之一些處理步驟或操作。應瞭解,下文描述相當集中於本文中描述之各項實施例之區別性特徵或元件。In order not to make the presentation of the embodiments in the following detailed description unclear, some processing steps or operations known in the art may have been combined for presentation and drawing purposes, and some examples may not be described in detail. . In other cases, some processing steps or operations known in the art may not be described at all. It should be understood that the following description focuses fairly on the distinguishing features or elements of the various embodiments described herein.
本文中描述LED之使用。然而,一或多種類型之基於半導體之發光裝置或光功率發射裝置可用於本文中描述之實施例中。此等裝置可包含諧振腔發光二極體、垂直腔雷射二極體、邊緣發射雷射或類似者。此等裝置可用於各種各樣的應用中,包含作為用於手持式電池供電裝置(諸如相機及蜂巢式電話)之光源(例如,閃光燈及相機閃光燈)、用於汽車燈光、抬頭顯示器(HUD)燈光、園藝燈光、街道燈光、一視訊用手電筒、一般照明(例如,家用、商店、辦公室及工作室燈光、劇場/舞臺燈光及建築燈光)、擴增實境(AR)燈光、虛擬實境(VR)燈光、作為用於顯示器之背光、及用於IR光譜術。This article describes the use of LEDs. However, one or more types of semiconductor-based light emitting devices or optical power emitting devices can be used in the embodiments described herein. These devices may include resonant cavity light emitting diodes, vertical cavity laser diodes, edge-emitting lasers, or the like. These devices can be used in a variety of applications, including as light sources for handheld battery-powered devices (such as cameras and cellular phones) (for example, flashlights and camera flashes), automotive lighting, head-up displays (HUD) Lighting, garden lighting, street lighting, one-video flashlight, general lighting (for example, home, shop, office and studio lighting, theater/stage lighting and architectural lighting), augmented reality (AR) lighting, virtual reality ( VR) lights, as backlights for displays, and for IR spectroscopy.
在一些實施例中,一單一LED可提供不如一白熾光源亮之光。在此等實施例中,當期望或要求增強的亮度時,某些應用可使用多接面裝置或LED陣列(諸如單片LED陣列、微型LED陣列等)。In some embodiments, a single LED can provide light that is not as bright as an incandescent light source. In these embodiments, when enhanced brightness is desired or required, certain applications may use multi-junction devices or LED arrays (such as monolithic LED arrays, micro LED arrays, etc.).
一物件之色彩外觀部分由照明該物件之光之光譜功率密度(SPD)判定。對於觀看一物件之人,SPD係在可見光譜內之各種波長之相對強度。然而,其他因素亦可能影響色彩外觀。燈(例如,LED)之一相關色溫(CCT)及CCT上之LED溫度距一黑體線(BBL,亦稱為一黑體軌跡或普朗克軌跡(Planckian locus))之一距離兩者可影響一人對一物件之感知。特定言之,諸如在零售及酒店燈光應用中,存在對LED燈光解決方案之巨大市場需求,其中期望控制LED之一色溫及一亮度位準兩者。The color appearance of an object is determined in part by the spectral power density (SPD) of the light that illuminates the object. For people watching an object, SPD is the relative intensity of various wavelengths in the visible spectrum. However, other factors may also affect the color appearance. The distance between a correlated color temperature (CCT) of a lamp (for example, LED) and a distance between the LED temperature on the CCT and a black body line (BBL, also known as a black body locus or Planckian locus) can affect a person Perception of an object. In particular, such as in retail and hotel lighting applications, there is a huge market demand for LED lighting solutions, in which it is desired to control both the color temperature and the brightness level of the LED.
參考圖1,其展示表示一色彩空間之一色度圖。一色彩空間係一三維空間;即,藉由指定一特定均勻視覺刺激之色彩及亮度之一組三個數字指定一色彩。三個數字可為國際照明委員會(CIE)座標X、Y及Z,或其他值,諸如色相、色彩度及照度。基於人眼具有三種不同類型之色敏錐之事實,依據此三個「三色值(tristimulus value)」最佳地描述眼睛之回應。Refer to Figure 1, which shows a chromaticity diagram representing a color space. A color space is a three-dimensional space; that is, a color is specified by a set of three numbers specifying the color and brightness of a specific uniform visual stimulus. The three numbers can be the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) coordinates X, Y, and Z, or other values such as hue, hue, and illuminance. Based on the fact that the human eye has three different types of color sensitive cones, the response of the eye is best described based on the three "tristimulus values".
一色度圖係投影至一二維空間中之忽略亮度之一色彩。例如,標準CIE XYZ色彩空間直接投影至由稱為x及y之兩個色度座標指定之對應色度空間,如圖1中展示。A chromaticity diagram is a color projected into a two-dimensional space, ignoring brightness. For example, the standard CIE XYZ color space is directly projected to the corresponding chromaticity space specified by two chromaticity coordinates called x and y, as shown in Figure 1.
色度係一色彩之品質之一客觀規格,而與其照度無關。色度由通常指定為色相及色彩度之兩個獨立參數組成,其中色彩度替代地稱為飽和度、色品(chroma)、強度或激發純度。色度圖可包含可由人眼感知之全部色彩。色度圖可提供高精度,此係因為參數係基於自一有色物件(colored object)發射之光之SPD且係按照已針對人眼量測之靈敏度曲線分解(factor)。可依據兩個色彩座標x及y精確地表示任何色彩。Chroma is an objective specification of the quality of a color, and has nothing to do with its illuminance. Chroma consists of two independent parameters usually designated as hue and hue, where hue is alternatively called saturation, chroma, intensity or excitation purity. The chromaticity diagram can include all colors perceivable by the human eye. The chromaticity diagram can provide high accuracy because the parameters are based on the SPD of the light emitted from a colored object and are factored according to the sensitivity curve measured for the human eye. Any color can be accurately represented based on two color coordinates x and y.
在稱為一麥克亞當橢圓(MacAdam ellipse) (MAE) 102之一特定區內之全部色彩對於普通人眼而言可無法與橢圓之中心104處之色彩區分。色度圖可具有多個MAE。LED燈光中之標準偏差色彩匹配使用相對於MAE之偏差來描述一光源之色彩精度。All the colors in a specific area called a MacAdam ellipse (MAE) 102 are indistinguishable from the color at the
色度圖包含普朗克軌跡或BBL 106。BBL 106係一白熾黑體之色彩隨著黑體溫度改變而將在一特定色度空間中佔據之路徑或軌跡。其從低溫下之深紅色變為橙色、黃白色、白色且最終變為極高溫度下之藍白色(bluish white)。一般而言,人眼偏愛距離BBL 106不太遠之白色色點。The chromaticity diagram contains Planckian locus or
在其中LED用於照明物件以及用於一般燈光之各種環境中,除燈具之一相對亮度(例如,光通量)之外,亦可期望控制LED之色溫之態樣。此等環境可包含例如零售位置以及酒店位置,諸如餐廳及類似者。除CCT之外,另一度量係光之演色性指數(CRI)。CRI係由CIE定義且其提供任何光源(包含LED)與一理想或自然光源相比準確地呈現各種物件之色彩之一能力的一定量量測。最高可能CRI值係100。另一定量度量係Duv
。Duv
係在例如CIE 1960中定義以表示一色點距BBL 106之距離之一度量。若色點在BBL 106上方,則其係一正值,且若色點在BBL 106下方,則其係一負值。在BBL 106上方之色點呈綠色且在BBL 106下方之色點呈粉色。In various environments where LEDs are used for lighting objects and for general lighting, in addition to the relative brightness (for example, luminous flux) of one of the lamps, it is also desirable to control the color temperature of the LED. Such environments may include, for example, retail locations and hotel locations, such as restaurants and the like. In addition to CCT, another measurement is the color rendering index (CRI) of light. CRI is defined by CIE and it provides a certain measure of the ability of any light source (including LED) to accurately present one of the colors of various objects compared with an ideal or natural light source. The highest possible CRI value is 100. Another quantitative measurement is D uv . D uv is defined in, for example, CIE 1960 to indicate the distance between a color point and the
如上述,人眼偏愛相對接近BBL 106之白色色點。使用發光二極體(LED)產生白光之一個方法可為疊加地混合紅色、綠色及藍色光。然而,此方法可需要精確計算混合比率使得所得色點在BBL 106上或接近BBL 106。另一方法可為混合不同相關色溫(CCT)之兩個或更多個磷光體轉換白色LED。下文額外詳細描述此方法。As mentioned above, human eyes prefer the white color point that is relatively close to the
為產生一可調諧白光引擎,可使用具有在一所要調諧範圍之各端上之兩個不同CCT的LED。例如,一第一LED可具有2700K之一CCT (其係一暖白色),且一第二LED可具有4000K之一色溫(其係一中性白色)。可藉由簡單改變透過一驅動器之一第一通道提供至第一LED之功率與透過該驅動器之一第二通道提供至第二LED之功率的混合比率而獲得具有介於2700K與4000K之間之一溫度的白色。To produce a tunable white light engine, LEDs with two different CCTs on each end of a desired tuning range can be used. For example, a first LED may have a CCT of 2700K (which is a warm white), and a second LED may have a color temperature of 4000K (which is a neutral white). It can be obtained by simply changing the mixing ratio of the power supplied to the first LED through a first channel of a driver and the power supplied to the second LED through a second channel of the driver to obtain a value between 2700K and 4000K One temperature white.
現參考圖2,其展示繪示不同CCT及其等與BBL 106之關係之一圖。當在色度圖中標繪時,混合具有不同CCT之兩個LED之可達成色點可形成一第一直線202。假定2700K及4000K之色點恰好在BBL 106上,則在此兩個CCT中間之色點將在BBL 106下方。此可不成問題,因為此線上之點距離BBL 106之最大距離可相對較小。Now refer to FIG. 2, which shows a diagram showing the relationship between different CCTs and the
將一個電流槽或電流源劃分為N個通道本質上產生N個電流槽或N個電流源。根據克希何夫電流定律(Kirchhoff's current laws),流至一個節點中之全部電流之總和必須為零。因而,在一電路中之任何節點處,流至該節點中之電流之總和等於流出該節點之電流之總和。換言之,在一點處交會之導體之一網路中之電流的代數和為零。此原理可陳述為以下方程式:方程式(1)Dividing a current sink or current source into N channels essentially generates N current sinks or N current sources. According to Kirchhoff's current laws, the sum of all currents flowing to a node must be zero. Therefore, at any node in a circuit, the sum of currents flowing into that node is equal to the sum of currents flowing out of that node. In other words, the algebraic sum of the currents in a network of conductors that meet at one point is zero. This principle can be stated as the following equation: Equation (1)
然而,實務上,幾乎不可能產生總和精確地等於所劃分之輸入電流之N個調節電流。此係因為一般而言,輸入電流係未知的。However, in practice, it is almost impossible to generate N regulated currents whose sum is exactly equal to the divided input current. This is because generally speaking, the input current is unknown.
參考圖3,其展示一電流分配電路300之一電路圖。電流分配電路300利用各種類比技術,諸如電壓感測、電壓控制電流源及負回饋。3, which shows a circuit diagram of a
如下文更詳細描述,本發明之電流分配電路可實現將一輸入電流劃分為兩個或更多個電流通道。本發明之電流分配電路包括至少一個調節電流通道,且調節電流通道之數目少於電流通道之總數之一數目。例如,若存在總共三個電流通道,則可能僅存在兩個調節電流通道。As described in more detail below, the current distribution circuit of the present invention can divide an input current into two or more current channels. The current distribution circuit of the present invention includes at least one regulating current channel, and the number of regulating current channels is less than one of the total number of current channels. For example, if there are a total of three current channels, there may only be two regulated current channels.
在一實施例中,電流分配電路可安裝於一轉換器印刷電路板(PCB)上之一LED驅動器301與一LED板之間。LED驅動器301可為此項技術中已知之一習知LED驅動器。電流分配電路可容許LED驅動器301用於需要兩個或更多個LED陣列、或一或多個LED之各者之應用。例如,電流分配電路300之LED驅動器301可用於供電給一第一LED陣列311及一第二LED陣列321。In one embodiment, the current distribution circuit can be mounted between an LED driver 301 and an LED board on a converter printed circuit board (PCB). The LED driver 301 may be a conventional LED driver known in the art. The current distribution circuit may allow the LED driver 301 to be used in applications that require each of two or more LED arrays, or one or more LEDs. For example, the LED driver 301 of the
在一實施例中,LED驅動器301用於供電給具有不同CCT之兩個LED陣列。在其他實施例中,兩個LED陣列可具有不同色彩範圍、紅外線(IR)範圍及紫外線(UV)範圍。In one embodiment, the LED driver 301 is used to supply power to two LED arrays with different CCTs. In other embodiments, the two LED arrays may have different color ranges, infrared (IR) ranges and ultraviolet (UV) ranges.
電流分配電路之各電流通道包括一感測電阻器。例如,在具有兩個電流通道之一實施例中,電流分配電路包括用於感測第一電流通道310在Vsense1
313處之一第一感測電壓的一第一感測電阻器(Rs1
) 312,及用於感測第二電流通道320在Vsense2
323處之一第二電壓的一第二感測電阻器(Rs2
) 322。Vsense1
313處之電壓表示流過第一感測電阻器(Rs1
) 312之電流,且Vsense2
323處之電壓表示流過第二感測電阻器(Rs2
) 322之電流。Each current channel of the current distribution circuit includes a sensing resistor. For example, in an embodiment with two current channels, the current distribution circuit includes a first sense resistor (R s1) for sensing a first sense voltage of the first
本發明之電流分配電路300進一步包括一運算裝置(未展示)。運算裝置經組態以比較第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313與第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323以判定一設定電壓(Vset
) 350。若第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313低於第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323,則運算裝置經組態以增大Vset
。若第一感測電壓(Vsense1
)裝置大於第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323,則運算裝置經組態以減小設定電壓(Vset
) 350。The
可將設定電壓(Vset
) 350饋送至一電壓控制電流源,該電流源可用一第一運算放大器(opamp) 330來實施。第一opamp 330可提供一第一閘極電壓(Vg1
) 314。可將第一閘極電壓(Vg1
) 314輸入至用於為第一LED陣列311提供一驅動電流之一第一電晶體(M1) 315。第一電晶體(M1) 315可為一習知金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體(MOSFET)。第一電晶體M1可為一n通道MOSFET。應注意,雖然提及MOSFET,但本文中描述之電晶體之一或多者可為其他類型之FET或雙極接面電晶體(BJT)。在一些實施例中,可使用其他電路來提供開關之一或多者之切換。The set voltage (V set ) 350 can be fed to a voltage-controlled current source, which can be implemented by a first operational amplifier (opamp) 330. The
一第二電晶體(M2) 325可控制至第二LED陣列321之功率。第二電晶體(M2) 325可為一習知金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體(MOSFET)。第二電晶體M2可為一n通道MOSFET。第二電晶體(M2) 325可僅在第一電路通道310在調節中時接通。一第二閘極電壓(Vg2
) 324可流過第二電晶體(M2) 325。A second transistor (M2) 325 can control the power to the
可將第二閘極電壓(Vg2
) 324饋送至一分路調節器340之一REF輸入端。在一實施例中,分路調節器340具有2.5 V之一內部參考電壓。當施加於REF節點處之電壓高於2.5 V時,分路調節器140可汲電(sink)一大電流。當施加於REF節點處之電壓低於2.5 V時,第一分路調節器可汲電一極小靜態電流。The second gate voltage (V g2 ) 324 can be fed to a REF input terminal of a
較大汲電電流可將第二電晶體(M2) 325之閘極電壓下拉至低於其臨限值之一位準,此可關斷第二電晶體(M2) 325。分路調節器340可能無法將其等陰極拉至超過在其等REF節點下方之一二極體之正向電壓(Vf
)。因此,第二電晶體(M2) 325可具有高於2.5 V之一臨限電壓。替代地,可使用具有一較低內部參考電壓(諸如1.24 V)之一分路調節器。The larger current draw can pull down the gate voltage of the second transistor (M2) 325 to a level lower than its threshold, which can turn off the second transistor (M2) 325. The
參考圖4,運算裝置可為一運算電路400。運算電路400可包括一第二opamp 430、在設定電壓(Vset
) 350之位置與接地之間之一電容器440、及與電容器440並聯之一電阻器450。將第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313及第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323饋送至第二opamp 430。運算電路400可經組態以藉由自第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323減去第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313而比較第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313與第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323。Referring to FIG. 4, the computing device may be an
當第二opamp 430在調節中時,運算電路400可經組態以在第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313小於第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323時將第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313與第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323之差轉換為一充電電流,而對電容器440充電以增大設定電壓(Vset
) 350。運算電路400可經組態以在第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313大於第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323時將第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313與第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323之差轉換至一放電電阻器450中以減小設定電壓(Vset
) 350。When the time, the second arithmetic circuit in the
因此,若第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313高於第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323,則運算電路400可減小設定電壓(Vset
) 350,其繼而減小將功率供應至第一電流通道310之第一閘極電壓(Vg1
) 314。換言之,當第二opamp 430在調節中時,第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313近似等於第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323。因此,在穩態期間,第一電流通道310之電流與第二電流通道320之電流之比率等於第二感測電阻器(Rs2
) 322之值與第一感測電阻器(Rs1
) 312之值之比率,且滿足以下方程式:方程式(2)方程式(3)Therefore, if the first sensing voltage (V sense1 ) 313 is higher than the second sensing voltage (V sense2 ) 323, the
因此,當第一感測電阻器(Rs1
) 312之值等於第二感測電阻器(Rs2
) 322之值時,流過第一電阻器之電流(IRs1
)等於流過第二電阻器之電流(IRs2
),且電流分配電路300將電流劃分為兩個相等部分,假定由輔助電路(諸如供應電壓產生)汲取(draw)之電流可忽略不計。Therefore, when the value of the first sensing resistor (R s1 ) 312 is equal to the value of the second sensing resistor (R s2 ) 322, the current (I Rs1 ) flowing through the first resistor is equal to the value flowing through the second resistor The current of the device (I Rs2 ), and the
應注意,應測試運算電路400之閉合迴路行為及穩定性且相應地進行調整。It should be noted that the closed loop behavior and stability of the
進一步應注意,如一般技術者將瞭解,圖4中繪示之運算電路400係許多可能實施方案之一者。It should be further noted that, as those of ordinary skill will appreciate, the
如先前所述,電流分配電路300可被劃分為三個或更多個通道。例如,可複製第一電流通道310使得存在一第一電流通道、一第二電流通道及一第三電流通道。第一電流通道及第二電流通道將為調節電流通道,諸如圖3中展示之電流分配電路300之第一電流通道310。第三電流通道將不被調節且將類似於圖3中展示之電流分配電路300之第二電流通道320。As previously described, the
亦應注意,對於將一個電流源劃分為三個或更多個電流通道之電路劃分電路,圖4中繪示之運算電路400可能變得複雜。因而,可用一微控制器取代圖4中繪示之運算電路。It should also be noted that for a circuit division circuit that divides a current source into three or more current channels, the
參考圖5,在一項實施例中,運算裝置可為一微控制器500,其可用比類比電路少之PCB資源來處置複雜信號處理。微控制器500用其內部ADC數位化三個類比信號:第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313、第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323,及一控制信號501。在已知第一感測電阻器(Rs1
) 312之值及第二感測電阻器(Rs2
) 322之值時,使用以下方程式判定總輸入電流:方程式(4)Referring to FIG. 5, in one embodiment, the computing device may be a
參考圖6,藉由微控制器之一控制信號501調變第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313與第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323之一比率。微控制器計算第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313與第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323之比率。將控制信號501映射至第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313與第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323之比率。當控制信號501小於或等於一第一預定電壓601時,將全部輸入電流引導至第一電流通道。當控制信號501大於或等於一第二預定電壓602時,將全部輸入電流引導至第二電流通道。當控制信號501介於第一預定電壓601與第二預定電壓602之間時,可在第一電流通道與第二電流通道之間線性地按比例調整電流。亦可根據其他曲線及拐點按比例調整電流。例如,在第一預定電壓601與第二預定602臨限值之間,電流可被階梯化以提供步進控制。Referring to FIG. 6, a ratio of the first sensing voltage (V sense1 ) 313 to the second sensing voltage (V sense2 ) 323 is adjusted by a
在一項實施例中,控制信號501具有0 V至10 V之一範圍,且第一預定電壓係1 V且第二預定電壓係8 V。因此,當0 V至10 V控制信號小於或等於1 V時,全部輸入電流流向第一電流通道。當0 V至10 V信號大於或等於8 V時,全部輸入電流流向第二電流通道。當0 V至10 V信號介於1 V與8 V之間時,在兩個通道之間線性地按比例調整電流。In an embodiment, the
第一電阻器(Rs1 ) 312之值及第二電阻器(Rs2 ) 322之值之選取係解析度與功率消耗之間之權衡。對於相同電流,第一電阻器(Rs1 ) 312之值及第二電阻器(Rs2 ) 322之值愈高,則第一感測電壓(Vsense1 ) 313及第二感測電壓(Vsense2 ) 323愈高。一較高第一感測電壓(Vsense1 ) 313及第二感測電壓(Vsense2 ) 323容許以增加的功率損耗及降低的效率為代價使用較便宜的且較不精確的電路。若第一電阻器(Rs1 ) 312之值過大,則可有必要選取一較大MOSFET以具有一較低內部電阻(Rds(on))。額外地或替代地,若第一電阻器(Rs1 ) 312之值過大,則可有必要具有一較高供應電壓(Vdd ),此使得有必要選取能夠以一較高電壓運行之信號處理電路。此可潛在地增加電路之成本。The selection of the value of the first resistor (R s1 ) 312 and the value of the second resistor (R s2 ) 322 is a trade-off between resolution and power consumption. For the same current, the higher the value of the first resistor (R s1 ) 312 and the value of the second resistor (R s2 ) 322 are, the higher the value of the first sensing voltage (V sense1 ) 313 and the second sensing voltage (V sense2 ) 323 is higher. A higher first sense voltage (V sense1 ) 313 and second sense voltage (V sense2 ) 323 allow the use of cheaper and less accurate circuits at the cost of increased power loss and reduced efficiency. If the value of the first resistor (R s1 ) 312 is too large, it may be necessary to select a larger MOSFET to have a lower internal resistance (Rds(on)). Additionally or alternatively, if the value of the first resistor (R s1 ) 312 is too large, it may be necessary to have a higher supply voltage (V dd ), which makes it necessary to select signal processing that can operate at a higher voltage Circuit. This can potentially increase the cost of the circuit.
應注意,並未詳細描述圖3及圖4中展示之熟知結構(包含一或多個電阻器、二極體及電容器)及處理步驟以避免使本文中描述之實施例不清楚。It should be noted that the well-known structures (including one or more resistors, diodes, and capacitors) and processing steps shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the embodiments described herein.
現參考圖7,其展示繪示一類比電路劃分方法之一流程圖。在步驟701,自諸如一LED驅動器之一電壓控制電流源接收一輸入電流。在步驟702,感測一第一電流通道之一第一感測電壓。在步驟703,感測一第二電流通道之一第二電壓。在步驟704,比較第一感測電壓與第二感測電壓以判定一輸出電壓。在步驟705,若第一感測電壓低於第二感測電壓,則輸出電壓增大。若第一感測電壓高於第二感測電壓,則輸出電壓減小。在步驟706,將輸出電壓提供至第一電流通道以供電給一第一LED陣列。在步驟707,將在第一LED陣列已取得其份額之後剩餘之電流自動提供至第二電流通道以供電給一第二LED陣列。Referring now to FIG. 7, it shows a flow chart of an analog circuit division method. In
可藉由電流分配電路300利用圖4中繪示之運算電路400來執行圖7中展示之方法。例如,在步驟701,可自LED驅動器301接收一輸入電流。在步驟702,第一感測電阻器(Rs1
) 312可感測第一電流通道310之一第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313。在步驟702,第二感測電阻器(Rs2
) 322可感測第二電流通道320之一第二感測電壓(Vsense
)。在步驟704,可將第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313及第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323饋送至運算電路400之第二op amp 430中,第二op amp 430藉由自第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323減去第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313而比較第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313與第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323的。在步驟705,運算電路400可在第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313小於第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323時將第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313與第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323之差轉換為一充電電流,以對電容器440充電而增大設定電壓(Vset
) 350。特定言之,當第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313小於第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323時,供應至圖4中展示之MOSFET之電壓啟動MOSFET (即,MOSFET可處於一接通狀態),從而引起連接MOSFET之源極及汲極且導致Vset
增大,直至達到源極電阻器450與汲極電阻器之間之分壓器輸出之一穩態比率或MOSFET撤銷啟動(此時,電容器440透過源極電阻器450基本上放電至接地)。此外,運算電路400可在第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313大於第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323時,藉由如上述般撤銷啟動MOSFET且容許電容器440透過電阻器450放電而將第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313與第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323之差轉換為一放電電流以減小設定電壓(Vset
) 350。接著,可將設定電壓(Vset
) 350供應至第一電流通道310以供電給第一LED陣列311。將在第一LED陣列311已取得其份額之後剩餘之電流自動提供至第二電流通道320以供電給一第二LED陣列321。The method shown in FIG. 7 can be executed by the
現參考圖8,其展示繪示藉由包括一微控制器之一電流分配電路執行之一類比電路劃分方法之一流程圖。在步驟801,自諸如一LED驅動器之一電壓控制電流源接收一輸入電流。在步驟802,感測一第一電流通道之一第一感測電壓。在步驟803,感測一第二電流通道之一第二電壓。在步驟804,判定第一感測電壓與第二感測電壓之一比率。在步驟805,將一控制信號映射至第一感測電壓與第二感測電壓之比率。在步驟806,當信號小於或等於一第一預定電壓時,將全部輸入電流引導至第一電流通道。若信號大於或等於一第二預定電壓,則將全部輸入電流引導至第二電流通道。若信號介於第一預定電壓與第二預定電壓之間,則在第一電流通道與第二電流通道之間按比例調整電流。Referring now to FIG. 8, it shows a flow chart of an analog circuit division method performed by a current distribution circuit including a microcontroller. In
可藉由電流分配電路300利用圖5中繪示之微控制器500來執行圖8中展示之方法。例如,在步驟801,可自LED驅動器301接收一輸入電流。在步驟802,第一感測電阻器(Rs1
) 312可感測第一電流通道310之一第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313。在步驟803,第二感測電阻器(Rs2
) 322可感測第二電流通道320之一第二感測電壓(Vsense
)。在步驟804,將第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313、第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323及控制信號501饋送至微控制器500中,微控制器500判定第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313與第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323之一比率。在步驟805,微控制器映射第一感測電壓(Vsense1
) 313與第二感測電壓(Vsense2
) 323之比率。在步驟806,微控制器在信號小於或等於一第一預定電壓601之情況下將全部輸入電流引導至第一電流通道310,在控制信號501大於或等於一第二預定電壓602之情況下將全部輸入電流引導至第二電流通道320,且在控制信號501介於第一預定電壓601與第二預定電壓602之間之情況下在第一電流通道310與第二電流通道320之間按比例調整電流。The method shown in FIG. 8 can be executed by the
因此,所揭示之標的物係關於控制LED陣列之光通量(例如,「亮度位準」)以控制結合所揭示標的物之各項實施例之ELD或LED陣列之一總體強度位準。然而,在其他實施例中,色溫及距BBL 106之一距離(CCT及D uv )兩者係可控制的。除使用兩個或更多個CCT之白色LED之外,亦可使用紅色/綠色/藍色/琥珀色LED之一組合,或亦可使用紅色/綠色/藍色LED之一組合。在後一情況中,很少提供色彩調諧作為一可用功能;代替性地,使用者通常被提供基於紅-綠-藍(RGB)或色相-飽和度-明度(HSL)模型之一色輪。然而,RGB及HSL模型並非針對一般照明/白光之產生而設計,且其等更適於圖形或攝影應用。Therefore, the disclosed subject matter relates to controlling the luminous flux (eg, "brightness level") of the LED array to control an overall intensity level of the ELD or LED array in combination with various embodiments of the disclosed subject matter. However, in other embodiments, both the color temperature and the distance from the BBL 106 (CCT and Duv ) are controllable. In addition to using two or more CCT white LEDs, a combination of red/green/blue/amber LEDs or a combination of red/green/blue LEDs can also be used. In the latter case, color tuning is rarely provided as a usable function; instead, users are usually provided with a color wheel based on a red-green-blue (RGB) or hue-saturation-lightness (HSL) model. However, RGB and HSL models are not designed for general lighting/white light generation, and they are more suitable for graphics or photography applications.
色彩調諧(涵蓋CCT及Duv 之一者或兩者)應用可用於驅動各種色彩之LED,包含例如原色(紅-綠-藍或RGB) LED、或降飽和(柔和) RGB彩色LED,以依一高CRI及高效率產生各種色溫之光,明確言之使用磷光體轉換彩色LED解決色彩混合。降飽和LED具有接近BBL之一發光,如圖9A至圖9C中展示,該等圖展示表示一色彩空間之其他色度圖。應注意,在用於產生白光之色彩混合中,直接彩色LED之正向電壓隨著主波長增大而減小。在一些實施例中,除上文實施例之外,亦可用例如多通道DC轉DC轉換器來驅動LED。可使用以高功效及CRI為目標之先進磷光體轉換彩色LED。此等LED具有降飽和色點且可經混合以在一廣CCT範圍內達成具有90+ CRI之白色。亦可使用具有80+ CRI實施方案或甚至70+ CRI實施方案(或甚至更低CRI值)之其他LED。Color tuning (covering one or both of CCT and D uv ) applications can be used to drive various colors of LEDs, including, for example, primary colors (red-green-blue or RGB) LEDs, or de-saturated (soft) RGB color LEDs. A high CRI and high efficiency to produce light of various color temperatures, specifically the use of phosphor-converted color LEDs to solve color mixing. The de-saturation LED has a light emission close to the BBL, as shown in FIGS. 9A to 9C, which show other chromaticity diagrams representing a color space. It should be noted that in the color mixing used to generate white light, the forward voltage of the direct color LED decreases as the dominant wavelength increases. In some embodiments, in addition to the above embodiments, a multi-channel DC-to-DC converter can also be used to drive the LED. Advanced phosphor-converted color LEDs that target high efficiency and CRI can be used. These LEDs have a saturated color point and can be mixed to achieve a white color with 90+ CRI in a wide CCT range. Other LEDs with 80+ CRI implementation or even 70+ CRI implementation (or even lower CRI value) can also be used.
如一般技術者已知,由於一LED之光輸出與用於驅動LED之電流量成比例,故可藉由例如減小傳遞至一LED之正向電流而達成將該LED調暗。除改變用於驅動若干個別LED之各者之電流量之外或代替改變用於驅動若干個別LED之各者之電流量,一控制單元或其他類型之多工器、切換設備或此項技術中已知之類似設備可在「接通」與「關斷」狀態之間快速切換陣列之一或多者中之LED的選定LED,以達成選定陣列之一適當調暗及色溫位準。As known by the ordinary artisan, since the light output of an LED is proportional to the amount of current used to drive the LED, dimming the LED can be achieved by, for example, reducing the forward current delivered to the LED. In addition to changing the amount of current used to drive each of several individual LEDs or instead of changing the amount of current used to drive each of several individual LEDs, a control unit or other types of multiplexers, switching devices, or in this technology Known similar devices can quickly switch the selected LEDs of one or more of the LEDs in the array between the "on" and "off" states to achieve proper dimming and color temperature level of the selected array.
一般而言,可使用一類比驅動器方法或一脈衝寬度調變(PWM)驅動器方法來形成LED驅動電路。在一類比驅動器方法中,同時驅動全部色彩。藉由針對各LED提供一不同電流而獨立地驅動各LED或LED陣列(下文中僅稱為LED)。類比驅動器導致一色彩偏移。在一PWM驅動器中,高速地依序接通各色彩。用實質上相同電流驅動各色彩。藉由改變各色彩之作用時間循環而控制混合色彩。即,一個色彩之驅動時間可為另一色彩之兩倍以加入至混合色彩中。因為人類視覺無法感知極快速改變至色彩,所以光看似具有一個單一色彩。應注意,此亦可用於在以相同方式啟動各組RBG LED之情況下產生白光。Generally speaking, an analog driver method or a pulse width modulation (PWM) driver method can be used to form the LED driving circuit. In an analog drive method, all colors are driven at the same time. By providing a different current for each LED, each LED or LED array (hereinafter only referred to as LED) is independently driven. The analog driver causes a color shift. In a PWM driver, each color is turned on sequentially at high speed. Drive each color with substantially the same current. Control the mixed color by changing the time cycle of each color. That is, the driving time of one color can be twice that of another color to be added to the mixed color. Because human vision cannot perceive extremely rapid changes to color, light appears to have a single color. It should be noted that this can also be used to generate white light when each group of RBG LEDs is activated in the same way.
例如,在一預定時間量內用一電流週期性地驅動(一第一色彩之)一第一LED,接著在一預定時間量內用相同電流週期性地驅動(一第二色彩之)一第二LED,且接著在一預定時間量內用電流週期性地驅動(一第三色彩之)一第三LED。三個預定時間量之各者可為相同時間量或不同時間量。因此,藉由改變各色彩之作用時間循環而控制混合色彩。例如,若吾人具有一RGB LED且期望一特定輸出,則基於人眼之感知,可在循環之一部分內驅動紅色,在循環之一不同部分內驅動綠色,且在循環之又一部分內驅動藍色。代替以一較低電流驅動紅色LED,在一較短時間內以實質上相同電流驅動該紅色LED。For example, a first LED (of a first color) is periodically driven with a current for a predetermined amount of time, and then a first LED (of a second color) is periodically driven with the same current for a predetermined amount of time. Two LEDs, and then a third LED (of a third color) is periodically driven with current for a predetermined amount of time. Each of the three predetermined amounts of time may be the same amount of time or different amounts of time. Therefore, the mixed color can be controlled by changing the time cycle of each color. For example, if we have an RGB LED and expect a specific output, based on the perception of the human eye, we can drive red in one part of the cycle, green in a different part of the cycle, and blue in another part of the cycle . Instead of driving the red LED with a lower current, the red LED is driven with substantially the same current in a shorter time.
應注意,降飽和RGB方法可產生在BBL上下、以及在BBL (例如,一等溫CCT線(如下文描述))上之可調諧光同時維持一高CRI。相比之下,各種其他系統利用一CCT方法,其中可調諧色點落在LED之兩個原色(例如,R-G、R-B或G-B)之間之一直線上。返回參考圖2,在BBL 106之一等溫線上之任何色點具有一恆定CCT。It should be noted that the desaturation RGB method can generate tunable light above and below the BBL and on the BBL (for example, an isothermal CCT line (described below)) while maintaining a high CRI. In contrast, various other systems utilize a CCT method in which the tunable color point falls on one of the straight lines between the two primary colors of the LED (for example, R-G, R-B, or G-B). Referring back to Figure 2, any color point on an isotherm of the
如上文,參考圖1,CIE色圖之各個橢圓表示以BBL 106為中心之一MAE 102且自BBL 106延伸一或多個距離步長。因為MAE 102含有對於一典型觀察者而言無法與橢圓中心處之一色彩區分之全部色彩,所以MAE步長之各者對於一典型觀察者而言被視為與MAE之一各自者之中心處之一色彩實質上相同的色彩。因此,BBL 106之等溫線表示距BBL 106之實質上相等距離且與(例如,+0.006、+0.003、0、- 0.003及- 0.006之)Duv
值有關。As above, referring to FIG. 1, each ellipse of the CIE color map represents a
圖9A中展示之色度圖900具有典型座標值(如色度圖之x-y標度上所示)之色彩之近似色度座標,對於一紅色(R) LED,在x =約0.69及y =約0.29 (座標901)處,對於一綠色(G) LED,在x =約0.12及y =約0.73 (座標903)處,且對於一藍色(B) LED,在x =約0.13及y =約0.1 (座標905)處。雖然圖1展示定義一可見光源之波長譜之色度圖之一實例,但其他適合定義在此項技術中已知且亦可搭配本文中描述之所揭示標的物之各項實施例使用。The chromaticity diagram 900 shown in FIG. 9A has approximate chromaticity coordinates of colors with typical coordinate values (as shown on the xy scale of the chromaticity diagram). For a red (R) LED, at x = about 0.69 and y = At about 0.29 (coordinate 901), for a green (G) LED, at x = about 0.12 and y = about 0.73 (coordinates 903), and for a blue (B) LED, at x = about 0.13 and y = About 0.1 (coordinate 905). Although FIG. 1 shows an example of a chromaticity diagram that defines the wavelength spectrum of a visible light source, other suitable definitions are known in the art and can also be used with various embodiments of the disclosed subject matter described herein.
指定色度圖之一部分之一便捷方式係透過x-y平面上之一組方程式,其中各方程式具有定義色度圖上之一線之解軌跡。線可相交以指定一特定區域。作為一替代定義,一白光源可發射對應於來自以一給定色溫操作之一黑體源之光的光。A convenient way to specify a part of the chromaticity diagram is through a set of equations on the x-y plane, where each formula has a solution trajectory that defines a line on the chromaticity diagram. Lines can intersect to specify a specific area. As an alternative definition, a white light source may emit light corresponding to light from a black body source operating at a given color temperature.
色度圖亦展示如上文關於圖2描述之BBL 906。上述三個R、G及B LED座標位置之各者係各自色彩綠色、藍色及紅色之「全飽和」 LED之CCT座標。然而,若藉由組合特定比例之R、G及B LED而產生一「白光」,則此一組合之CRI將極低。通常,在上文描述之環境(諸如零售或酒店環境)中,期望約90或更高之一CRI。The chromaticity diagram also shows
如圖9B及圖9C中展示之色度圖之一修訂版本可搭配接近BBL 906 (藉由等溫線917c指示)之降飽和R、G及B LED之近似色度座標使用,該等降飽和R、G及B LED具有大約90+之一CRI且在一定義色溫範圍內。然而,座標值可偏移為一降飽和紅色(R) LED,在x =約0.61及y=約0.36 (座標955)處,一降飽和綠色(G) LED,在x =約0.4及y =約0.54 (座標953)處,及一降飽和藍色(B) LED,在x =約0.21及y =約0.21 (座標951)處,或如一般技術者在閱讀並理解所揭示標的物之後將可以理解之其他期望值集。在各項實施例中,例如,降飽和R、G及B LED之一色溫範圍可在從自約1800K至約2500K、約2700K至約6500K、或約1800K至7500K之一範圍內。A revised version of the chromaticity diagram shown in Figure 9B and Figure 9C can be used with the approximate chromaticity coordinates of the desaturated R, G and B LEDs close to BBL 906 (indicated by isotherm 917c). The R, G, and B LEDs have a CRI of approximately 90+ and are within a defined color temperature range. However, the coordinate values can be shifted to a reduced saturation red (R) LED, at x = about 0.61 and y = about 0.36 (coordinates 955), a reduced saturation green (G) LED, at x = about 0.4 and y = At about 0.54 (coordinates 953), and a desaturated blue (B) LED, at x = about 0.21 and y = about 0.21 (coordinates 951), or after reading and understanding the disclosed subject matter Understandable other expected value sets. In various embodiments, for example, one of the color temperature ranges of desaturation R, G, and B LEDs may be in a range from about 1800K to about 2500K, about 2700K to about 6500K, or about 1800K to 7500K.
在一特定例示性實施例中,亦展示在降飽和R、G及B LED之座標值之各者之間形成之一三角形257。形成降飽和R、G及B LED (例如,藉由磷光體之一混合及/或材料之一混合以形成LED,如此項技術中已知)以具有接近BBL 706之座標值。因此,各自降飽和R、G及B LED之座標位置(且如藉由三角形957概括)具有大約90或更大之一CRI及例如約2700K至約6500K之一近似可調諧色溫範圍。因此,可在本文中描述之色彩調諧應用中選擇具一相關色溫(CCT)之選擇,使得所選擇之全部CCT組合皆導致具有90或更大之一CRI之燈。降飽和R、G及B LED之各者可包括一單一LED或一LED陣列(或群組),其中陣列或群組內之各LED具有與該陣列或群組內之其他LED相同或類似之一降飽和色彩。一或多個降飽和R、G及B LED之一組合構成一燈。In a specific exemplary embodiment, it is also shown that a triangle 257 is formed between each of the coordinate values of the desaturated R, G, and B LEDs. Desaturation R, G, and B LEDs are formed (for example, by mixing one of phosphors and/or mixing one of materials to form an LED, as known in the art) to have coordinate values close to
圖9C中展示之色度圖之另一修訂版本可具有接近BBL 906之降飽和R、G及B LED之不同座標,該等降飽和R、G及B LED具有大約80+之一CRI且在比上述降飽和R、G及B LED更寬的一定義色溫範圍內。在此情況中,與上文指示之降飽和R、G及B LED相比,降飽和R、G及B LED之近似色度座標配置成更遠離BBL 106。座標值(如色度圖之x-y標度上所示)可偏移為一降飽和紅色(R) LED,在x =約0.61及y =約0.32 (座標975)處,一降飽和綠色(G) LED,在x =約0.39及y =約0.58 (座標973)處,及一降飽和藍色(B) LED,在x =約0.19及y =約0.2 (座標971)處。Another revised version of the chromaticity diagram shown in FIG. 9C may have different coordinates close to the desaturated R, G, and B LEDs of
如上述,圖9C中展示之降飽和R、G及B LED之一色溫範圍可在自約1800K至約2500K、約2700K至約6500K、或約1800K至約7500K之一範圍內。此導致各自降飽和R、G及B LED之座標位置具有大約80或更大之一CRI及例如約1800K至約7500K之一近似可調諧色溫範圍。由於色溫範圍大於上述範圍,故CRI相應地減小至約80或更大。然而,一般技術者將認知,可產生降飽和R、G及B LED以具有在色度圖內之任何位置之個別色溫。因此,可在本文中描述之色彩調諧應用中選擇一CCT之選擇,使得所選擇之全部CCT組合皆導致具有80或更大之一CRI之燈。降飽和R、G及B LED之各者可包括一單一LED或一LED陣列(或群組),其中陣列或群組內之各LED具有與該陣列或群組內之其他LED相同或類似之一降飽和色彩。一或多個降飽和R、G及B LED之一組合構成一燈。As described above, one of the color temperature ranges of the desaturated R, G, and B LEDs shown in FIG. 9C may be in a range from about 1800K to about 2500K, about 2700K to about 6500K, or about 1800K to about 7500K. This results in the coordinate positions of the respective desaturated R, G, and B LEDs having a CRI of about 80 or greater and an approximate tunable color temperature range of, for example, about 1800K to about 7500K. Since the color temperature range is larger than the above range, the CRI is correspondingly reduced to about 80 or more. However, ordinary skilled artisans will recognize that desaturation R, G, and B LEDs can be generated to have individual color temperatures anywhere in the chromaticity diagram. Therefore, a CCT option can be selected in the color tuning application described herein, so that all the selected CCT combinations result in a lamp with a CRI of 80 or greater. Each of the desaturated R, G, and B LEDs can include a single LED or an LED array (or group), where each LED in the array or group has the same or similar to other LEDs in the array or group One drop of saturated colors. One or more desaturation R, G, and B LEDs are combined to form a lamp.
儘管上文以特定組合描述特徵及元件,然一般技術者將明白,各特徵或元件可單獨或以與其他特徵及元件之任何組合使用。另外,可在併入於一電腦可讀媒體中以藉由一電腦或處理器執行之一電腦程式、軟體或韌體中實施本文中描述之方法。電腦可讀媒體之實例包含電子信號(經由有線或無線連接傳輸)及電腦可讀儲存媒體。電腦可讀儲存媒體之實例包含但不限於一唯讀記憶體(ROM)、一隨機存取記憶體(RAM)、一暫存器、快取記憶體、半導體記憶體裝置、磁性媒體(諸如內置硬碟及可移除磁碟)、磁光媒體,及光學媒體(諸如CD-ROM光碟及數位多功能光碟(DVD))。Although the features and elements are described above in specific combinations, those skilled in the art will appreciate that each feature or element can be used alone or in any combination with other features and elements. In addition, the method described herein can be implemented in a computer program, software, or firmware incorporated in a computer-readable medium to be executed by a computer or a processor. Examples of computer-readable media include electronic signals (transmitted via wired or wireless connections) and computer-readable storage media. Examples of computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a register, a cache memory, a semiconductor memory device, magnetic media (such as built-in Hard disks and removable disks), magneto-optical media, and optical media (such as CD-ROM discs and digital versatile discs (DVD)).
在已詳細描述本發明之情況下,熟習此項技術者將明白,鑑於本發明,可對本發明進行修改而不脫離本文中描述之所揭示標的物。因此,本發明之範疇並不意欲限於所繪示及描述之特定實施例。Having described the present invention in detail, those skilled in the art will understand that in view of the present invention, the present invention can be modified without departing from the disclosed subject matter described herein. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments shown and described.
102:麥克亞當橢圓(MAE) 104:中心 106:黑體線(BBL) 202:第一直線 300:電流分配電路 301:發光裝置(LED)驅動器 310:第一電流通道/第一電路通道 311:第一發光裝置(LED)陣列 312:第一感測電阻器(Rs1) 313:第一感測電壓(Vsense1) 314:第一閘極電壓(Vg1) 315:第一電晶體(M1) 320:第二電流通道 321:第二發光裝置(LED)陣列 322:第二感測電阻器(Rs2) 323:第二感測電壓(Vsense2) 324:第二閘極電壓(Vg2) 325:第二電晶體(M2) 330:第一運算放大器(opamp) 340:分路調節器 350:設定電壓(Vset) 400:運算電路 430:第二運算放大器(opamp) 440:電容器 450:電阻器 500:微控制器 501:控制信號 601:第一預定電壓 602:第二預定電壓 701:步驟 702:步驟 703:步驟 704:步驟 705:步驟 706:步驟 707:步驟 801:步驟 802:步驟 803:步驟 804:步驟 805:步驟 806:步驟 900:色度圖 901:座標 903:座標 905:座標 906:黑體線(BBL) 917c:等溫線 951:座標 953:座標 955:座標 957:三角形 971:座標 973:座標 975:座標102: McAdam ellipse (MAE) 104: Center 106: Black body line (BBL) 202: First straight line 300: Current distribution circuit 301: Light-emitting device (LED) driver 310: First current channel / First circuit channel 311: First Light emitting device (LED) array 312: first sense resistor (R s1 ) 313: first sense voltage (V sense1 ) 314: first gate voltage (V g1 ) 315: first transistor (M1) 320 : Second current channel 321: second light emitting device (LED) array 322: second sense resistor (R s2 ) 323: second sense voltage (V sense2 ) 324: second gate voltage (V g2 ) 325 : Second transistor (M2) 330: First operational amplifier (opamp) 340: Shunt regulator 350: Setting voltage (V set ) 400: Operation circuit 430: Second operational amplifier (opamp) 440: Capacitor 450: Resistance Device 500: Microcontroller 501: Control signal 601: First predetermined voltage 602: Second predetermined voltage 701: Step 702: Step 703: Step 704: Step 705: Step 706: Step 707: Step 801: Step 802: Step 803 : Step 804: Step 805: Step 806: Step 900: Chromaticity Diagram 901: Coordinates 903: Coordinates 905: Coordinates 906: Black Body Line (BBL) 917c: Isotherm 951: Coordinates 953: Coordinates 955: Coordinates 957: Triangle 971 : Coordinates 973: Coordinates 975: Coordinates
圖1係表示一色彩空間之一色度圖。Figure 1 shows a chromaticity diagram of a color space.
圖2係繪示不同相關色溫(CCT)及其等與色度圖上之一黑體線(BBL)之關係的一圖。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between different correlated color temperatures (CCT) and the black body line (BBL) on the chromaticity diagram.
圖3係本發明之一電流分配電路之一電路圖。Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a current distribution circuit of the present invention.
圖4係可搭配圖3之類比電流分配電路使用之一運算電路之一電路圖。FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of an arithmetic circuit that can be used with the analog current distribution circuit of FIG. 3.
圖5係可搭配圖3之電流分配電路使用之一微控制器。Figure 5 is a microcontroller that can be used with the current distribution circuit of Figure 3.
圖6係饋送至圖5之微控制器中之一控制信號之曲線圖。FIG. 6 is a graph of a control signal fed to the microcontroller of FIG. 5.
圖7係繪示一類比電路劃分方法之一流程圖。Figure 7 shows a flow chart of an analog circuit division method.
圖8係繪示另一類比電路劃分方法之一流程圖。Figure 8 shows a flowchart of another analog circuit division method.
圖9A係表示一色彩空間之另一色度圖。Fig. 9A shows another chromaticity diagram of a color space.
圖9B係表示一色彩空間之另一色度圖。Fig. 9B shows another chromaticity diagram of a color space.
圖9C係表示一色彩空間之另一色度圖。Fig. 9C shows another chromaticity diagram of a color space.
300:電流分配電路 300: Current distribution circuit
301:發光裝置(LED)驅動器 301: Light-emitting device (LED) driver
310:第一電流通道/第一電路通道 310: The first current channel / the first circuit channel
311:第一發光裝置(LED)陣列 311: The first light emitting device (LED) array
312:第一感測電阻器(Rs1) 312: The first sense resistor (R s1 )
313:第一感測電壓(Vsense1) 313: First sense voltage (V sense1 )
314:第一閘極電壓(Vg1) 314: First gate voltage (V g1 )
315:第一電晶體(M1) 315: The first transistor (M1)
320:第二電流通道 320: second current channel
321:第二發光裝置(LED)陣列 321: second light emitting device (LED) array
322:第二感測電阻器(Rs2) 322: second sensing resistor (R s2 )
323:第二感測電壓(Vsense2) 323: The second sense voltage (V sense2 )
324:第二閘極電壓(Vg2) 324: second gate voltage (V g2 )
325:第二電晶體(M2) 325: second transistor (M2)
330:第一運算放大器(opamp) 330: The first operational amplifier (opamp)
340:分路調節器 340: Shunt regulator
350:設定電壓(Vset) 350: set voltage (V set )
Claims (22)
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US16/145,053 | 2018-09-27 | ||
US16/145,053 US10588194B1 (en) | 2018-09-27 | 2018-09-27 | Arbitrary-ratio analog current division circuit |
EP18209861.6 | 2018-12-03 | ||
EP18209861 | 2018-12-03 |
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TW202027557A true TW202027557A (en) | 2020-07-16 |
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