TW202011347A - Bicycle sharing management system and method - Google Patents
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本發明是一種關於共享單車管理系統及共享單車的管理方法,尤指一種透過獎勵方案來控制單車出租站的單車數量維持在穩定狀態的共享單車管理系統及共享單車的管理方法。The invention relates to a shared bicycle management system and a shared bicycle management method, in particular to a shared bicycle management system and a shared bicycle management method for controlling the number of bicycles at a bicycle rental station through a reward scheme to maintain a stable state.
近年來的現代化城市中,公共自行車的設立與發展,給一般通勤民眾帶來相當大的便利。此種公共自行車通常使用電子無人式管理,提供甲地取車乙地還車之租借服務,可以作為大眾運輸工具輸系統最後階段之接駁工具,藉以鼓勵更多民眾取代搭乘大眾運輸或自用車輛來進行短程的通勤,可以降低空氣污染、減少堵車塞車、暢通交通運輸,又可節約能源且能保護環境,以打造都市全新通勤方式與文化。In modern cities in recent years, the establishment and development of public bicycles has brought considerable convenience to commuters. Such public bicycles usually use electronic unmanned management to provide a rental service for picking up the car in the first place and returning the car in the second place. It can be used as a connection tool for the last stage of the public transportation system to encourage more people to replace public transportation or private vehicles. Coming for a short commute can reduce air pollution, reduce traffic jams, smooth traffic, and save energy and protect the environment, to create a new urban commuting method and culture.
然,目前公共自行車的使用與發展所遭遇的瓶頸為,在不同位置區塊間供需失衡的問題。往往可以看到,在部分重要的交通節點中,高峰期間經常出現單車數量囤積、或者是數量匱乏的現象。而一般根據單車囤積、或者匱乏現象產生後才進行調度的方式,往往緩不濟急,單車公司需要調派人力和運輸車輛把囤積區域的單車運送至匱乏區域,產生了物流成本的損耗。在此同時,處於運輸狀態的單車,也意味著本身屬於不可被使用的狀態,亦降低了城市交通的承載能力。However, the current bottleneck encountered in the use and development of public bicycles is the problem of unbalanced supply and demand between blocks in different locations. It can often be seen that in some important transportation nodes, the number of bicycles is often hoarded or the number is scarce during peak hours. Generally, the dispatching method is based on the hoarding of bicycles or the lack of shortage, which is often not urgent. Bicycle companies need to deploy manpower and transportation vehicles to transport bicycles in the hoarding area to the lacking area, resulting in the loss of logistics costs. At the same time, bicycles in transit also mean that they are unusable and reduce the carrying capacity of urban traffic.
因此,共享單車的及時或者是超前的調度管理顯得尤為重要。Therefore, the timely or advanced scheduling management of shared bicycles is particularly important.
為了解決上述習知技術的缺失,本發明提出一種共享單車的管理系統與方法,應用機器學習聚類分析於共享單車流量預測與管理,使用人工智慧(artificial intelligence)以及巨量資料等技術,對共享單車租借站的共享單車資料進行資料處理與分析,並以適當的獎勵方案來控制單車出租站的單車數量維持在穩定狀態。In order to solve the above-mentioned lack of conventional technology, the present invention proposes a shared bicycle management system and method. It applies machine learning clustering analysis to shared bicycle flow prediction and management. It uses artificial intelligence and massive data technologies. The shared bicycle data of the shared bicycle rental station is used for data processing and analysis, and an appropriate reward program is used to control the number of bicycles at the bicycle rental station to maintain a stable state.
為達成本發明上述目的,本發明提出一種共享單車管理系統,包含:至少一共享單車租借站,包含至少一共享單車;一雲端共享單車管理裝置,與每個該至少一共享單車租借站以無線方式連接,該雲端共享單車管理裝置透過人工智慧、大數據資料技術運算,以產生一共享單車獎勵方案;以及至少一共享單車用戶端,與該雲端共享單車管理裝置以無線方式連接。To achieve the above object of the invention, the present invention provides a shared bicycle management system, including: at least one shared bicycle rental station, including at least one shared bicycle; a cloud shared bicycle management device, and each of the at least one shared bicycle rental station wirelessly Connection, the cloud shared bicycle management device uses artificial intelligence and big data data technology to generate a shared bicycle reward solution; and at least one shared bicycle user terminal is wirelessly connected to the cloud shared bicycle management device.
其中,該雲端共享單車管理裝置更包含:一共享單車資料蒐集單元,以取得每個該至少一共享單車租借站的一共享單車資料;一運算單元,與該共享單車資料蒐集單元連接,該運算單元透過該共享單車資料產生該共享單車獎勵方案;一傳輸單元,與該運算單元和該至少一共享單車用戶端連接,該傳輸單元將該共享單車獎勵方案傳送給該至少一共享單車用戶端;以及一資料庫,與該共享單車資料蒐集單元和該運算單元連接,該資料庫儲存該共享單車資料蒐集單元取得的該共享單車資料,以及該運算單元產生的該共享單車獎勵方案。Wherein, the cloud shared bicycle management device further includes: a shared bicycle data collection unit to obtain a shared bicycle data of each of the at least one shared bicycle rental station; an arithmetic unit connected to the shared bicycle data collection unit, the calculation The unit generates the shared bicycle reward scheme through the shared bicycle data; a transmission unit is connected to the computing unit and the at least one shared bicycle customer end, and the transmission unit transmits the shared bicycle reward scheme to the at least one shared bicycle customer end; And a database connected to the shared bicycle data collection unit and the computing unit, the database storing the shared bicycle data obtained by the shared bicycle data collection unit, and the shared bicycle reward scheme generated by the computing unit.
除此之外,本發明更提出一種共享單車的管理方法,該方法步驟包含:(a)一雲端共享單車管理裝置透過一共享單車資料蒐集單元取得至少一共享單車租借站的一共享單車資料;(b)該雲端共享單車管理裝置的一運算單元依據該共享單車資料產生一共享單車獎勵方案;(c)該雲端共享單車管理裝置的一傳輸單元將該共享單車獎勵方案傳送給至少一共享單車用戶端;以及(d)該至少一共享單車用戶端於該至少一共享單車租借站進行取車或還車動作。In addition, the present invention further provides a shared bicycle management method. The method steps include: (a) a cloud shared bicycle management device obtains a shared bicycle data of at least one shared bicycle rental station through a shared bicycle data collection unit; (B) A computing unit of the cloud shared bicycle management device generates a shared bicycle reward scheme based on the shared bicycle data; (c) A transmission unit of the cloud shared bicycle management device transmits the shared bicycle reward scheme to at least one shared bicycle The user terminal; and (d) the at least one shared bicycle user terminal performs a car pickup or return operation at the at least one shared bicycle rental station.
其中,該共享單車資料包含租借編號、共享單車編號、共享單車取車時間、共享單車取車經度、共享單車取車緯度、共享單車還車時間、共享單車還車經度、共享單車還車緯度、總單車位數、目前單車位數以及目前空車位數。Among them, the shared bicycle information includes the rental number, shared bicycle number, shared bicycle pickup time, shared bicycle pickup longitude, shared bicycle pickup latitude, shared bicycle return time, shared bicycle return longitude, shared bicycle return latitude, Total number of bicycles, current number of bicycles and current number of empty vehicles.
以上對本發明的簡述,目的在於對本發明之數種面向和技術特徵作一基本說明。發明簡述並非對本發明的詳細表述,因此其目的不在特別列舉本發明的關鍵性或重要元件,也不是用來界定本發明的範圍,僅為以簡明的方式呈現本發明的數種概念而已。The above brief description of the present invention aims to provide a basic description of several aspects and technical features of the present invention. The brief description of the invention is not a detailed description of the invention, so its purpose is not to specifically list the key or important elements of the invention, nor to define the scope of the invention, but to present several concepts of the invention in a concise manner.
為能瞭解本發明的技術特徵及實用功效,並可依照說明書的內容來實施,茲進一步以如圖式所示的較佳實施例,詳細說明如後:In order to understand the technical features and practical effects of the present invention, and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments as shown in the drawings are further described in detail below:
首先,請參考圖1,其為本發明較佳實施例之共享單車管理系統示意圖。如同於圖1中所示,本發明之共享單車管理系統10包含至少一共享單車租借站100、一雲端共享單車管理裝置200以及至少一共享單車用戶端300。First, please refer to FIG. 1, which is a schematic diagram of a shared bicycle management system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the shared
在本實施例中,該至少一共享單車租借站100包含至少一共享單車110,可提供至少一共享單車用戶端300租借共享單車,如微笑單車(You Bike),藉此透過騎乘單車的方式取代搭乘大眾運輸或自用車輛來進行短程的通勤,以達到紓解交通擁塞、減低噪音和空氣污染的目的。其中,該至少一共享單車租借站100可以試有樁式共享單車租借站或無樁式共享單車租借站,本發明不以此為限。In this embodiment, the at least one shared
該雲端共享單車管理裝置200與該至少一共享單車租借站100透過有線或無線的方式連接,包含一共享單車資料蒐集單元210、一運算單元220、一傳輸單元230以及一資料庫240。該共享單車資料蒐集單元210以有線或無線的方式與每個該至少一共享單車租借站100連接,取得每個該至少一共享單車租借站100的一共享單車資料。The cloud shared
其中,該共享單車資料包含每一台共享單車110的租借編號、每一台共享單車110的單車編號、每一台共享單車110的取車時間、每一台共享單車110的取車經度、每一台共享單車110的取車緯度、每一台共享單車110的還車時間、每一台共享單車110的還車經度、每一台共享單車110的還車緯度、每個共享單車租借站100的總單車位數、每個共享單車租借站100的目前單車位數以及每個共享單車租借站100的目前空車位數。Among them, the shared bicycle information includes the rental number of each shared
該運算單元220與該共享單車資料蒐集單元210連接,並依據前述的共享單車資料,透過人工智慧、大數據資料處理的方式進行運算,以產生一共享單車獎勵方案。其中,該共享單車獎勵方案是依據各區域共享單車租借站100的目前單車位數和目前空車位數,以及共享單車用戶端300的共享單車取車速度和共享單車還車速度來決定,且方案的獎勵會依據取出/歸還的共享單車110數量而遞減,藉此克服不同區域的共享單車租借站供需失衡的問題。The
該傳輸單元230與該運算單元220連接,會將運算後的共享單車獎勵方案,以有線或無線的方式提供給該至少一共享單車用戶端300,使得每一個共享單車用戶端300可依據該共享單車獎勵方案的內容,至與用戶端300最接近的共享單車租借站100進行取出共享單車110或歸還共享單車110的動作。其中,該至少一共享單車用戶端300可透過視窗作案系統電腦(Windows PC)、多媒體資訊站台(Kiosk)、智慧型手機(Smart Phone)、智慧型電視(Smart TV)以及平板電腦(Tablet PC)等電子設備接收該傳輸單元230所傳送的共享單車獎勵方案。The
該資料庫240與該共享單車資料蒐集單元210和該運算單元220連接,可用來儲存該資料蒐集單元210所取得的共享單車資料,以及運算單元220計算所產生的該共享單車獎勵方案,以維護共享單車管理系統10的運作。The
請參考圖2,其為本發明較佳實施例之共享單車的管理方法流程圖。如同於圖2並配合圖1所示,共享單車的管理方法包含以下步驟:首先,在步驟(a)中,雲端共享單車管理裝置200可透過共享單車資料蒐集單元210,以有線或無線的方式取得每一個共享單車租借站100的共享單車資料。其中,該共享單車資料包含有每一台共享單車110的租借編號、每一台共享單車110的單車編號、每一台共享單車110的取車時間、每一台共享單車110的取車經度、每一台共享單車110的取車緯度、每一台共享單車110的還車時間、每一台共享單車110的還車經度、每一台共享單車110的還車緯度,以及每個共享單車租借站100的總單車位數、每個共享單車租借站100的目前單車位數以及每個共享單車租借站100的目前空車位數。Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a flowchart of a shared bicycle management method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 1, the shared bicycle management method includes the following steps: First, in step (a), the cloud shared
再者,在步驟(b)中,該雲端共享單車管理裝置200的運算單元220依據該共享單車資料蒐集單元210取得的共享單車資料,以人工智慧、大數據資料處理的方式進行資料運算,並產生一共享單車獎勵方案。其中,該共享單車獎勵方案該為一取車獎勵方案或一還車獎勵方案,而共享單車獎勵方案的計算方式將於下方段落,並同時配合圖3做進一步的說明。Furthermore, in step (b), the
圖3為本發明較佳實施例之共享單車獎勵方案的計算方法流程圖。在本實施例中,共享單車獎勵方案的計算方法包含以下步驟:首先,將一地圖劃分為複數個區域,且每個區域皆包含至少一個共享單車租借站100。再者,運算單元220會依據前述之共享單車資料計算每個區域內的共享單車租借站100的共享單車取車速度以及共享單車還車速度。最後,再依據一取車獎勵公式產生該取車獎勵方案,或依據一還車獎勵公式產生該還車獎勵方案。3 is a flowchart of a calculation method of a shared bicycle reward scheme according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the calculation method of the shared bicycle reward scheme includes the following steps: First, a map is divided into a plurality of areas, and each area includes at least one shared
在本實施例中,X為共享單車取車速度,Xt =1
即一單位時間段內取出的共享單車110的數量,Y為共享單車還車速度,Yt =1
即一單位時間段內歸還的共享單車110的數量,t為單位時間段,在此一單位時間段為一小時。當 Xt
< Yt
時,代表該時間段內該區域的共享單車租借站100的還車速度大於取車速度,可能造成共享單車租借站100內的單車110數量過多,而影響用戶端300無法還車需長時間等候,此時則適合採用取車獎勵方案,且該取車獎勵公式為(Xt
-Yt
)/2Xt
,即該共享單車還車速度減去該共享單車取車速度後,再隨著取出的共享單車數量,除以2的增量數方根。In this embodiment, X is the shared bicycle pickup speed, X t =1 is the number of shared
同樣地,X為共享單車取車速度,Xt =1
即一單位時間段內取出的共享單車110的數量,Y為共享單車還車速度,Yt =1
即一單位時間段內歸還的共享單車110的數量,t為單位時間段,在此一單位時間段為一小時。另一方面,當 Xt
≥ Yt
時,代表該時間段內該區域的共享單車租借站100的取車速度大於還車速度,可能造成共享單車租借站100內的單車110數量不足,而影響用戶端300無法即時取車,此時則適合採用還車獎勵方案,且該還車獎勵公式為(Yt
-Xt
)/2Yt
,即該共享單車取車速度減去該共享單車還車速度後,再隨著歸還的共享單車數量,除以2的增量數方根。In the same way, X is the shared bicycle pickup speed, X t =1 is the number of shared
經由上述的取車獎勵公式以及還車獎勵公式可明顯看出,當共享單車獎勵方案採用取車獎勵方案時,獎勵的點數、紅利或優惠會隨著取出的共享單車110的數量而遞減;同樣地,當共享單車獎勵方案採用還車獎勵方案時,獎勵的點數、紅利或優惠亦會隨著歸還的共享單車110的數量而遞減。It can be clearly seen from the above car pickup reward formula and car return reward formula that when the shared bicycle reward scheme adopts the car pickup reward scheme, the reward points, bonuses or discounts will decrease with the number of shared
接續,在步驟(c)中,該雲端共享單車管理裝置的一傳輸單元230會透過無線或有線的方式,將該共享單車獎勵方案(取車獎勵方案或一還車獎勵方案)傳送給至少一共享單車用戶端300。其中,該至少一共享單車用戶端300可透過視窗作案系統電腦(Windows PC)、多媒體資訊站台(Kiosk)、智慧型手機(Smart Phone)、智慧型電視(Smart TV)以及平板電腦(Tablet PC)等電子設備接收該傳輸單元所傳送的共享單車獎勵方案。Next, in step (c), a
最後,在步驟(d)中,該至少一共享單車用戶端300可依據接收到的共享單車獎勵方案,到鄰近的共享單車租借站100進行取車或還車動作。其中,當共享單車獎勵方案為取車獎勵方案,則用戶端300進行取車動作後即可收到獎勵(點數、紅利或優惠);反之,當共享單車獎勵方案為還車獎勵方案,則用戶端300進行還車動作後即可收到獎勵(點數、紅利或優惠)。Finally, in step (d), the at least one
以下將以具體的實施數據對共享單車獎勵方案的計算方法做進一步的說明。The following will further explain the calculation method of the shared bicycle reward scheme with specific implementation data.
首先,將地圖劃分為9個區域,且每一個區域都包含至少一共享單車租借站,並設定每一個區域內的共享單車租借站為平衡狀態,區域內的共享單車租借站的目前單車位數皆為6台,如下表一。經過一單位時間(在此為一小時)後,每個區域內的共享單車租借站的目前單車位數產生數量變化,其數量如下表二。
根據共享單車資料蒐集單元所取得的記錄中,在一單位時間(即t=1)內取車和還車的數據如下表。其中,表三為單位時間內的還車數量(即共享單車還車速度),表四為單位時間內的取車數量(即共享單車取車速度)。
而根據上述取車獎勵公式(其中X為共享單車取車速度、Y為共享單車還車速度、t為單位時間段),當Xt < Yt 時,代表單位時段中共享單車的還車數量較多,系統為了促使共享單車租借站的共享單車數量維持平衡,會獎勵取出每一輛共享單車的用戶端,其取車獎勵方案的計算公式為(Xt -Yt )/2Xt 。換句話說,在單位時段內第一輛被取出的共享單車,其對應的用戶端所得到的取車獎勵方案是最佳的;而隨後每一輛被取出的共享單車,其對應的用戶端的取車獎勵方案,會隨著被取出的共享單車數量的增加,以除以2的增量數方根而遞減。According to the above car pickup reward formula (where X is the shared bicycle pickup speed, Y is the shared bicycle return speed, and t is the unit time period), when X t <Y t , it represents the number of shared bicycle return in the unit period In many cases, in order to maintain the balance of the number of shared bicycles in shared bicycle rental stations, the system will reward the user who takes out each shared bicycle. The calculation formula of the car pickup reward scheme is (X t -Y t )/2 Xt . In other words, for the first shared bike that was taken out during the unit time period, the corresponding car user's car reward scheme was the best; for each shared bike that was subsequently taken out, its corresponding client's The car pickup reward scheme will decrease as the number of shared bikes taken out increases by the square root of the increment divided by 2.
另一方面,當Xt ≥ Yt 時,代表單位時段中共享單車的取出數量較多,系統為了促使共享單車租借站的共享單車數量維持平衡,會獎勵歸還每一輛共享單車的用戶端,其歸還獎勵方案的計算公式為(Yt -Xt )/2Yt 。換句話說,在單位時段內第一輛被歸還的共享單車,其對應的用戶端所得到的還車獎勵方案是最佳的;而隨後每一輛被歸還的共享單車,其對應的用戶端的還車獎勵方案,會隨著被歸還的共享單車數量的增加,以除以2的增量數方根而遞減。On the other hand, when X t ≥ Y t , it means that the number of shared bicycles in the unit time period is large. In order to maintain the balance of the number of shared bicycles in the shared bicycle rental station, the system will reward the client who returns each shared bicycle. The calculation formula of the return reward scheme is (Y t -X t )/2 Yt . In other words, for the first shared bike that was returned within the unit period, the corresponding user's car return reward plan was the best; and then for each shared bike that was returned, its corresponding client's The car return reward scheme will decrease as the number of shared bikes returned increases by the square root of the increment divided by 2.
以表一、二、三及四位於正中格子區域的資料為例,共享單車租借站初始的共享單車位數為6,而一單位時間後共享單車位數為10;進一步而言,在單位時間內,共享單車租借站的還車數量為6,取車數量為2,變化的過程為: 6 (初始)+6(還車)-2(取車)=10(最終)Taking the data in Table 1, 2, 3, and 4 located in the center grid area as an example, the number of shared bicycles in the shared bicycle rental station is 6, and the number of shared bicycles after a unit time is 10; further, in unit time In the shared bike rental station, the number of returning cars is 6, and the number of taking cars is 2. The changing process is: 6 (initial) + 6 (returning a car)-2 (collecting a car) = 10 (final)
由於2(取車速度)<6(還車速度),即符合Xt < Yt ,代表該時段的共享單車獎勵方案為取車獎勵方案,因此在單位時間內每台從該區域中共享單車租借站取出的共享單車,其用戶端皆可享有獎勵:(6-2)/2Y ,其中Y為取出共享單車的順序編號,即 第一台取出共享單車的獎勵:(6-2)/21 = 2, 第二台取出共享單車的獎勵:(6-2)/22 = 1, 第三台取出共享單車的獎勵:(6-2)/23 = 0.5, 第四台取出共享單車的獎勵:(6-2)/24 = 0.25,依此類推。Since 2 (car pickup speed) <6 (car return speed), that is, X t <Y t is met, it means that the shared bicycle reward plan for this period is the car pickup reward scheme, so each unit will share a bicycle from this area within the unit time The shared bicycles taken out of the rental station can be rewarded at the user end: (6-2)/2 Y , where Y is the serial number of the shared bicycles taken out, that is, the first reward for the shared bicycles taken out: (6-2)/ 2 1 = 2, the second reward for taking out a shared bike: (6-2)/2 2 = 1, the third reward for taking out a shared bike: (6-2)/2 3 = 0.5, the fourth one for taking out a shared bike Bicycle reward: (6-2)/2 4 = 0.25, and so on.
若取車獎勵方案的獎勵額度為F元,則第一台取出共享單車的用戶端所能獲得的獎勵為2F元,第二台取出共享單車的用戶端所能獲得的獎勵為F元,第三台取出共享單車的用戶端所能獲得的獎勵為0.5F元,第四台取出共享單車的用戶端所能獲得的獎勵為0.25F元,依此類推。透過上述方法,以獎勵或強制的方式控制取車及還車的速度,進而使共享單車租借站的共享單車數量更趨向於良好穩定的狀態。If the reward for the car-rewarding scheme is F yuan, the reward for the first user who takes out the shared bicycle is 2F yuan, and the reward for the second user who takes out the shared bicycle is F yuan. The reward for the three users who take out the shared bicycle is 0.5F yuan, the reward for the fourth user who takes out the shared bicycle is 0.25F yuan, and so on. Through the above-mentioned methods, the speed of picking up and returning cars is controlled in a rewarding or compulsory manner, so that the number of shared bikes in shared bike rental stations tends to be in a good and stable state.
惟以上所述者,僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已,當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍,即依本發明申請專利範圍及說明內容所作之簡單變化與修飾,皆仍屬本發明涵蓋之範圍內。However, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, that is, simple changes and modifications made according to the patent application scope and description of the present invention are still within the present invention. Covered.
10:共享單車管理系統100:共享單車租借站110:共享單車200:雲端共享單車管理裝置210:共享單車資料蒐集單元220:運算單元230:傳輸單元240:資料庫300:共享單車用戶端a - d:步驟e - h:步驟10: Shared bicycle management system 100: Shared bicycle rental station 110: Shared bicycle 200: Cloud shared bicycle management device 210: Shared bicycle data collection unit 220: Computing unit 230: Transmission unit 240: Database 300: Shared bicycle user terminal a- d: step e-h: step
圖1為本發明較佳實施例之共享單車管理系統示意圖。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a shared bicycle management system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
圖2為本發明較佳實施例之共享單車的管理方法流程圖FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a shared bicycle management method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
圖3為本發明較佳實施例之共享單車獎勵方案的計算方法流程 圖。3 is a flowchart of a method for calculating a shared bicycle reward scheme according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
a-d:步驟 a-d: step
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