TW201938773A - Fire-retardant plastic pellet and fire-retardant sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

A fire-retardant masterbatch and a fire-retardant sheet are provided. The fire-retardant masterbatch includes 35 parts by weight to 95 parts by weight of a thermoplastic, 5 parts by weight to 25 parts by weight of alumina monohydrate particles, 0.1 parts by weight to 0.5 parts by weight of a coupling agent, 0.05 parts by weight to 0.3 parts by weight of a dispersant. The fire-retardant sheet is formed by performing an injection-molding on the fire-retardant masterbatch.

Description

Flame retardant plastic pellets and flame retardant sheet

The invention relates to a flame-retardant plastic granule and a flame-retardant sheet formed by the same, and particularly relates to a flame-retardant plastic granule containing alumina monohydrate particles and a flame-retardant sheet formed by the same.

Plastic is a flexible material with resin as the main component, or a rigid material formed by curing and cross-linking. It can be widely used to make various products, such as electronic equipment, food packaging and textiles. In order to meet the needs of various products, plastics often adjust their properties by adding additional additives. For example, when it is necessary to improve the flame retardancy of plastics, halogen-based flame retardants and phosphorus-based flame retardants are often added to plastics. Generally, the thermal conductivity of flame-retardant plastics is poor, so it is often necessary to add a large amount of flame retardants.

However, halogen-based flame retardants easily release corrosive and toxic gases at high temperatures and endanger the environment. Phosphorus-based flame retardants are mostly liquids, which have the defects of high volatility, large smoke generation, and poor thermal stability. The disadvantages of the above flame retardants limit the applicability of plastics. Therefore, in order to balance environmental protection and ecological safety, and expand the application of flame retardant plastics, it is urgent to develop new thermally conductive flame retardant plastics.

The present disclosure provides a flame-retardant plastic pellet comprising: 35 parts by weight to 95 parts by weight of a thermoplastic; 5 parts by weight to 25 parts by weight of alumina monohydrate particles; 0.1 parts by weight to 0.5 parts by weight of a coupling agent; and 0.05 to 0.3 parts by weight of a dispersant.

In some embodiments, the average particle diameter of the alumina monohydrate particles is, for example, in a range of 300 nm to 7000 nm.

In some embodiments, the flame-retardant plastic pellets may further include 5 to 35 parts by weight of a phosphorus-based flame retardant.

In some embodiments, the flame-retardant plastic pellets may further include 5 to 15 parts by weight of a carbon forming agent.

In some embodiments, the flame-retardant plastic pellets may further include 2.5 to 15 parts by weight of a toughening agent.

In some embodiments, thermoplastics include polyamide, polyolefin, polyester, polyimide, polyetherimide, polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, polycarbonate, polymethacrylic acid Methyl esters, thermoplastic polyurethanes, or combinations thereof.

In some embodiments, polyamide may include nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 46, nylon 1010, nylon 610, nylon 612, or a combination thereof.

The present disclosure provides a flame-retardant sheet formed by injection molding the flame-retardant plastic pellets according to any one of the foregoing embodiments.

In some embodiments, the thickness of the flame-retardant sheet is, for example, 0.4 mm, and the flame-retardant grade is, for example, V0.

In some embodiments, the thermal conductivity of the flame retardant sheet is, for example, in a range of 0.4 Wm ^-1 K ^-1 to 0.5 Wm ^-1 K ^-1 .

It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed.

110, 120, 130‧‧‧ curves

The above and other aspects, features, and other advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood by referring to the contents of the description and accompanying drawings. Among them: Figure 1 shows aluminum hydroxide of type KH-101LC and monohydrate oxidation of type 200SM. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) spectra of aluminum and plastic pellets obtained according to some embodiments.

In order to make the description of this disclosure more detailed and complete, reference may be made to the accompanying drawings and various embodiments described below.

In the following, a plurality of embodiments of the present invention will be disclosed graphically. For the sake of clarity, many practical details will be described in the following description. It should be understood, however, that these practical details should not be used to limit the invention. That is, in some embodiments of the present invention, these practical details are unnecessary.

Although a series of operations or steps are used to explain the method disclosed herein, the order of these operations or steps should not be interpreted as a limitation of the present invention. For example, some actions or steps can be ordered differently Sequentially and / or concurrently with other steps. In addition, not all illustrated operations, steps, and / or features need to be performed to implement embodiments of the present invention. In addition, each operation or step described herein may include several sub-steps or actions.

In order to solve the problems described in the prior art, the present disclosure provides a flame retardant plastic pellet and a flame retardant sheet formed therefrom. The flame retardant plastic granules include alumina monohydrate particles. The monohydrated alumina particles can release crystalline water at a high temperature of about 300 ° C to reduce the combustion temperature, and water vapor can also dilute the flammable gas and reduce the possibility of further combustion, making the flame-retardant plastic particles and flame-retardant of the present disclosure The sheet has excellent flame retardancy.

The manufacturing method of the flame-resistant plastic granules includes the following operations: (a) for 35 to 95 parts by weight of a thermoplastic, 5 to 25 parts by weight of alumina monohydrate particles, and 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of a coupling agent And 0.05 to 0.3 parts by weight of the dispersant are subjected to a drying process. (b) mixing thermoplastics, alumina monohydrate, coupling agent and dispersant to obtain plastic raw materials. (c) Mixing and granulating the plastic raw materials to obtain flame-retardant plastic pellets. In some embodiments, operation (a) may be performed before operation (b). In other embodiments, operation (b) may be performed before operation (a).

When performing operation (a), in some embodiments, the drying process is performed for 18 to 30 hours, preferably 24 hours; in some embodiments, the drying process is performed at a temperature of 70 ° C to 100 ° C, It is preferably 85 ° C. In some embodiments, thermoplastics may include polyamide, polyolefin, polyester, polyimide, polyetherimide, polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide, polycarbonate, polymethyl Methyl acrylate, thermoplastic polyurethane One or a combination of them. In some embodiments, the polyamide is, for example, nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 46, nylon 1010, nylon 610, nylon 612, high temperature nylon, amorphous nylon, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the polyolefin is, for example, low density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the polyester is, for example, polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, or a combination thereof.

When the operation (a) or (b) is performed, in some embodiments, the manufacturing method may further include adding 5 to 35 parts by weight of a phosphorus-based flame retardant; in some embodiments, the manufacturing method may further include 5 to 15 parts by weight of a carbon forming agent is added; the manufacturing method may further include adding 2.5 to 15 parts by weight of a toughening agent. In some embodiments, a phosphorus-based flame retardant and a carbon-forming agent may be added simultaneously. In some embodiments, a phosphorus-based flame retardant, a carbon forming agent, and a toughening agent may be added simultaneously.

When performing the operation (b), in some embodiments, the thermoplastic, alumina monohydrate, coupling agent and dispersant are placed in a high-speed mixer and stirred. In some embodiments, the stirring speed is, for example, 600 rpm (Revolution Per Minute) to 750 rpm. In some embodiments, the stirring time is, for example, 3 minutes to 5 minutes.

When performing operation (c), in some embodiments, the temperature at which the kneading and granulating process is performed is, for example, 220 ° C to 245 ° C. In some embodiments, when the kneading and granulating program is performed, the screw rotation speed in the kneading and granulating equipment is 900 rpm to 1000 rpm.

Therefore, the flame-retardant plastic pellets obtained according to the foregoing manufacturing method Including 35 to 95 parts by weight of a thermoplastic; 5 to 25 parts by weight of alumina monohydrate particles; 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of a coupling agent; and 0.05 to 0.3 parts by weight of a dispersant. In some embodiments, the average particle diameter of the alumina monohydrate particles is, for example, in a range of 300 nm to 7000 nm. In some embodiments, the flame-retardant plastic pellets may further include 5 to 35 parts by weight of a phosphorus-based flame retardant. In some embodiments, the flame-retardant plastic pellets may further include 5 to 15 parts by weight of a carbon forming agent. In some embodiments, the flame-retardant plastic pellets may further include 2.5 to 15 parts by weight of a toughening agent.

The above-mentioned flame-resistant plastic pellets can be further made into a flame-resistant sheet material, and the manufacturing method includes forming the flame-retardant plastic pellets obtained by any one of the foregoing embodiments by injection molding. In some embodiments, the flame-retardant plastic pellets are subjected to a drying process before being subjected to injection molding. In some embodiments, the time for performing the drying process is, for example, 6 hours to 10 hours, and preferably 8 hours; in some embodiments, the temperature for performing the drying process is, for example, 240 ° C to 250 ° C.

In some embodiments, the thickness of the flame-retardant sheet is, for example, 0.4 mm, and the flame retardancy is V0 under the plastic flammability standard UL94. Therefore, it can be seen that the flame-retardant sheet of the present disclosure has quite excellent flame retardancy. In some embodiments, the thermal conductivity of the flame retardant sheet is in a range between 0.4 Wm ^-1 K ^-1 and 0.5 Wm ^-1 K ^-1 . Therefore, the flame-retardant sheet of the present disclosure can be applied to products with thermal conductivity requirements, such as electrical switches (for example: no fuse switch), power plugs, automotive components (such as automotive electronically controlled heat dissipation components) and Connectors for the electronic field (for example: peripheral component interconnect (PCI) connectors, dynamic random access memory connectors, and I / O connectors). In some embodiments, the elongation at break of the flame retardant sheet is, for example, in a range of 2.5% to 5.5%. In some embodiments, the flexural strength of the flame-retardant sheet is, for example, in a range of 550 Kg / cm ² to 720 Kg / cm ² . In some embodiments, the fire resistant sheet notch impact strength, for example, is between 2Kg / cm ² to 4.5Kg / cm ² within the range.

It is worth noting that the flame-retardant plastic particles and flame-retardant sheets of the present disclosure use alumina monohydrate particles as a flame retardant. The monohydrated alumina particles can release crystalline water at a high temperature of about 300 ° C to reduce the combustion temperature. Water vapor can also dilute the flammable gas and reduce the possibility of further combustion, so that the flame-retardant plastic pellets and flame-retardant sheets can have Excellent flame retardancy. In addition, compared with flame retardant plastic pellets using aluminum hydroxide as a flame retardant, the flame retardant plastic pellets and flame retardant sheets of the present disclosure have wider applicability. This is because the temperature at which aluminum hydroxide releases crystallization water is about 180 ° C. Therefore, aluminum hydroxide can only be used on flame-retardant plastic pellets with a required processing temperature not higher than 200 ° C to avoid the crystallization water of aluminum hydroxide from processing. Loss in the process.

In addition, in the traditional process of making flame retardant plastic pellets, reinforcing agents such as glass fiber are often added to enhance the flame retardant effect. However, in the process of making the flame-retardant plastic pellets and sheets, the present disclosure does not require additional glass because the monohydrated aluminum oxide can provide the flame-retardant plastic pellets and the flame-retardant sheets with a good flame-retardant effect. Fiber without having to face the problem of recycling glass fiber. In addition, the flame-retardant plastic pellets and flame-retardant sheets of the present disclosure are completely halogen-free without causing harm to the environment and have good stability.

The following examples are used to describe specific aspects of the present invention. The invention can be implemented by those having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. However, the following examples should not be used to limit the present invention.

Experimental Example 1: Preparation of flame-retardant plastic pellets

For the method of preparing flame-retardant plastic pellets, please refer to the aforementioned manufacturing method, and will not be repeated here. Please refer to Table 1 attached at the end for the materials of the flame retardant plastic granules of each comparative example and the examples, and their commercial models and dosages.

Experimental example 2: Flame retardant properties of flame retardant plastic strips and sheets

The flame-retardant plastic strips used to make the flame-retardant plastic pellets of each of the comparative examples and examples were burned, and the situation of the afterburning and the dripping was observed. For the test results, please refer to Table 2 attached at the end. In addition, the flame-retardant plastic pellets of each of the comparative examples and the examples were made into flame-retardant sheets, and then the flame-retardant properties were tested. Please refer to Table 2 at the end for the test results. The flame retardancy of flame retardant sheet is measured by the plastic flammability standard UL94. For the droop phenomenon and burning time corresponding to the flame retardant grades V0, V1, and V2 in the plastic flammability standard UL94, see Table 3 at the end.

It can be known from Examples 1 and 2 of Tables 1 and 2 that the addition of a monohydrated alumina with a smaller particle size will make the monohydrated alumina in the plastic strip better dispersive. As can be seen from Comparative Example 2 and Example 2 of Tables 1 and 2, the addition of a coupling agent can improve the strip forming property of the plastic strip. As can be seen from Tables 1, 2, and 3, the flame-retardant sheets of the examples of the present disclosure can best reach the flame-retardant grade V0, and have excellent flame retardancy.

Experimental example 3: Physical property test of flame retardant sheet

For the physical property test results, please refer to Table 4 attached at the end. As can be seen from Table 4, the flame-retardant sheet of the present disclosure has a high thermal conductivity coefficient.

Experimental Example 4: Thermogravimetric Analysis Experiment

Figure 1 shows a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) spectrum of KH-101LC aluminum hydroxide, 200SM monohydrate alumina, and the flame-retardant plastic pellets of Example 7. The test conditions are that the sample is heated from room temperature to 800 ° C, and the heating rate is 20 ° C / min. Curves 110, 120, and 130 are the experimental results of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum monohydrate, and flame retardant plastic pellets, respectively. It can be seen from Fig. 1 that aluminum hydroxide begins to lose weight at a lower temperature, and conversely, aluminum hydroxide monohydrate begins to lose weight at a higher temperature. This proves that alumina monohydrate can release crystal water only at higher temperatures. Therefore, the flame-retardant plastic pellets of Example 7 began to lose weight at higher temperatures due to the inclusion of alumina monohydrate (curve 130).

In summary, the present disclosure provides a flame-retardant plastic pellet and a flame-retardant sheet formed therefrom. Flame retardant plastic pellets and sheets have excellent flame retardancy and thermal conductivity, so they can be applied to a variety of products that require flame retardance and thermal conductivity. In addition, since the temperature at which the monohydrated alumina particles release crystal water is high, it can be used for flame retardant plastic pellets and flame retardant sheets with higher processing temperatures. In addition, the flame-retardant plastic pellets and flame-retardant sheets of the present disclosure simultaneously have the advantages of environmental protection and good stability.

Although the present invention has been disclosed as above by way of implementation, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make such changes without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Various equal changes and modifications should fall within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the appended patent application.

The following are attached Tables 1, 2, 3 and 4.

Claims (10)

A flame-resistant plastic pellet, comprising: 35 parts by weight to 95 parts by weight of a thermoplastic; 5 parts by weight to 25 parts by weight of alumina monohydrate particles; 0.1 parts by weight to 0.5 parts by weight of a coupling agent; Parts by weight of dispersant. The flame-retardant plastic granule according to claim 1, wherein the average particle diameter of the alumina monohydrate particles is in a range of 300 nm to 7000 nm. The flame-retardant plastic pellets according to claim 1, further comprising 5 to 35 parts by weight of a phosphorus-based flame retardant. The flame-retardant plastic pellets according to claim 1, further comprising 5 to 15 parts by weight of a carbon forming agent. The flame-retardant plastic pellets according to claim 4, further comprising 2.5 to 15 parts by weight of a toughening agent. The flame-retardant plastic pellets according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic includes polyamide, polyolefin, polyester, polyimide, polyetherimide, polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide , Polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, thermoplastic polyurethane, or a combination thereof. The flame-retardant plastic pellets according to claim 6, wherein the polyamide comprises nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 46, nylon 1010, nylon 610, nylon 612, or a combination thereof. A flame-retardant sheet is formed by injection-molding the flame-retardant plastic pellets according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The flame-retardant sheet according to claim 8, wherein the thickness of the flame-retardant sheet is 0.4 mm and the flame-retardant grade is V0. The flame-retardant sheet according to claim 8, wherein the thermal conductivity of the flame-retardant sheet is in a range of 0.4 Wm ^-1 K ^-1 to 0.5 Wm ^-1 K ^-1 .