TW201937103A - Beam forming optic for LED - Google Patents

Abstract

Beam forming optics having non-circular peripheral shapes are disclosed. The polygonal periphery of the disclosed beam forming optics interrupt surfaces of rotation used to define reflecting surfaces that collimate wide angle light emitted from an LED. The periphery of the lens handling narrow angle light is modified to permit light to fill the non-circular reflecting surface. The illustrated beam forming optics are configured to ensure that light emitted from the LED is handled only by surfaces configured to form the desired collimated beam.

Description

Beam forming optical device for LED

The present invention relates to an optical system for distributing light from a light source, and more particularly to a beam forming optical system for a single LED light source.

Commercially available LEDs have a characteristic spatial radiation pattern relative to the optical axis through the light emitting die. A common feature of all LED radiation patterns is that light is emitted from a side of the plane containing the light-emitting die in a pattern around the optical axis of the LED, the pattern being perpendicular to the plane. Light generated by the LED is radiated in a hemisphere centered on the optical axis. The distribution of optical radiation within the hemisphere depends on the shape and optical properties of the lens (if any) that covers the LED of the LED. Thus, LEDs can be described as "orientated" sources because all of the light they produce is emitted from one side of the device.

For purposes of this application, the light emitted by the LED can be described as "narrow-angle" light having an angle of less than 35[deg.] emitted from the optical axis and "wide-angle" light having an angle greater than 35[deg.] from the optical axis. The initial "emission" trajectory of wide-angle and narrow-angle light may need to be operated by different portions of the reflector and/or optical element to provide the desired illumination mode.

The use of LEDs in warnings and beacons is well known. Older models of LEDs produce a finite amount of light at a relatively narrow viewing angle centered on the optical axis of the LED. These LEDs are typically concentrated in a compact array to fill a given illumination area and provide the necessary light output. Recently developed high output LEDs, each component can produce significantly more luminous flux, so the luminous flux required for many warning and signal applications requires fewer LEDs. It is well known to install a small number of high output LEDs in the luminaire and an internal reflection (TIR) collimating lens for each high output LED. The collimating lens organizes the light from the LED into a collimated beam centered on the LED optical axis. Such an arrangement typically does not fill the luminaire and thus creates a bright circular spot in the background without bright light resulting in an undesirable appearance. Light diffusing optical features on the outer lens/cover are sometimes used to improve the appearance of the luminaire. The most common configuration of such TIR lenses is circular, but the outer casing can be elongate and rectangular, resulting in an aesthetic mismatch between the resulting illumination pattern and the outer casing.

This application will discuss an optical configuration for modifying the emission trajectory of light from an LED relative to an auxiliary line. For the purposes of this application, "collimating" means "redirecting to a trajectory that is substantially parallel to the auxiliary line." Substantially parallel refers to a trajectory within 5° parallel to the auxiliary line. For an LED mounted to a vertical surface, a hemispherical pattern centered on the optical axis of the LED is emitted, the hemispherical pattern being perpendicular to the vertical surface, i.e., the optical axis of the LED is level.

Figure 18 shows a configuration of a prior art collimator for use with an LED light source. Light from an LED located in a cavity defined by the collimator is organized into a collimated beam of light that is aligned with the optical axis of the LED. Known LED internal reflection collimators are solids molded from a light transmissive plastic such as acrylic or polycarbonate. The radial periphery of the collimator is defined by an aspherical internal reflective surface that extends upwardly and outwardly to a substantially flat light emitting surface. The bottom of the collimator includes a cavity centered on the optical axis of the LED. The cavity is defined by a substantially cylindrical sidewall and an aspherical upper surface. The aspherical surface is configured to refract light emitted at a small angle relative to the optical axis of the LED to a direction parallel to the optical axis of the LED. The shape of the aspheric surface is based on the refractive properties of the air/solid interface, the position of the LED illumination point relative to the surface, the structure of the light emitting surface, and the desired direction of illumination, such as parallel to the optical axis of the LED. The mathematical relationship between the angle of incidence of the light and the surface and the angle of the refracted ray to the surface is determined by Snell's law: "The refracted ray is at the plane of incidence, and the sine of the angle of refraction is proportional to the sine of the angle of incidence." (sin θ / sin θ '= constant, where θ is the angle of incidence and θ' is the angle of refraction).

For any particular point on the substantially cylindrical sidewall, Snell's law can be used to calculate the path of light refracted into the collimator. The shape of the peripheral aspherical internal reflective surface is the path of light refracted by the substantially cylindrical sidewall surface, the structure of the light through which it is emitted, and the desired direction of illumination, such as parallel to the optical axis of the LED. The aspherical internal reflection surface thus obtained redirects the light incident thereon to a direction parallel to the optical axis of the LED.

As a result, all of the light emitted from the LED is substantially redirected parallel to the optical axis of the LED to form a collimated beam. This arrangement effectively concentrates the light from the LED and redirects the light to the desired direction of light emission. Unless the light propagates in some way, the light from each LED appears to the viewer to form a bright spot that is the same size and shape as the circular collimator. Normally, collimating the light and then redirecting the collimated light to the desired mode is less efficient than modifying only those components of the emission trajectory that do not contribute to the desired emission mode, while at the same time making the desired components of the launch track Undisturbed. A lens or reflective surface in the form of a rotating surface centered on the optical axis of the LED, if properly configured, modifies the trajectory of the emitted light relative to the optical axis, while other surface configurations will only modify the components of the trajectory. This results in a light emission that is not collimated with respect to the optical axis of the LED. This explains the surface configuration used in most collimating optics.

The present disclosure provides a beam forming optics for an LED. The LED has an optical axis centered on the light emitting region from which light is emitted to one side of the first plane behind the LED and is perpendicular. The beam forming optics includes a first light incident surface configured to mate with the first light emitting surface to redirect a portion of the light emitted by the LED from the optical axis to a direction substantially parallel to the internal reflective surface. The second light incident surface is configured to cooperate with the inner reflective surface and the second light emitting surface to redirect a portion of the light emitted by the LED from the optical axis to a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis. The perimeter of the polygon extends from the internal reflective surface to the second illuminated surface. A gap is defined by a transverse passage and a longitudinal gap extending from the second illuminating surface toward the first illuminating surface. The channel and gap interrupt the perimeter of the polygon and intersect each other at the optical axis. Most of the light emitted by the LED that emits light on the second light incident surface is incident on the internal reflective surface. The first and second light incident surfaces cooperate to prevent light emitted from the LED from contacting the perimeter of the polygon. A portion of the light emitted from the LED passes through the gap.

A first embodiment of a beam forming optics device in accordance with the present invention will be discussed with reference to Figures 1-9. 1 and 2 and 8 illustrate an array of three sets of six beam forming optics 10 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The illustrated array is an example of how the group of beam forming optics is organized and an example of a compatible polygonal shape. The disclosed optical device is not limited to the configuration or geometry shown. Each of the beam forming optics 10 includes a lens 12 and a mirror 14.

In the arrays shown in Figures 1, 2 and 10, the mirrors are molded in six groups and the lenses 12 are molded into three groups. The lens 12 can be connected by a structure that aligns with and supports the lens 14 with respect to the mirror 14. The mirror 14 and the lens of each set of beam forming optics are mounted to a PC board 16 with LEDs 18. The PC board 16 is typically in thermal contact with the heat sink to dissipate heat from the components known in the present invention. The modular structure of the disclosed beam forming optics 10 allows for great flexibility in the configuration of the lighting device. The beam forming optics 10 can be arranged in a single row, block or multi-row strip configuration. The change in geometry of the perimeter of the mirror allows the disclosed beam forming optics to conform to a variety of housing shapes and configurations.

Each of the six arrays of light beam forming optics 10 shown is configured to form a light beam from a light emitter of a single LED 18, the configuration of which is illustrated in FIG. The beam forming optics 10 is designed to be in focus with the area of illumination of the LED 18. The surface of lens 12 and mirror 14 can be defined by a mathematical formula having a focus on a point centered on the die of LED 18. The illuminating die of the LED 18 is not a point source, so a surface designed to collimate light from a point source cannot form a perfectly collimated beam of light from a typical LED.

Each mirror 14 has a polygonal perimeter 20, which may be a square perimeter that intersects the polygonal perimeter 20 of the adjacent mirror 14 or an array boundary or casing (not shown). Each optical device 10 is configured to collimate light from the LEDs 18 into a beam that appears to illuminate the entire square occupied by the optics 10 when viewed from a vantage point where the light emission direction of the array is near alignment. The set of disclosed optical devices 10 provides a beam of light that is substantially collimated in the shape of the array. Each mirror 14 supports a reflective surface 22 defined by two different parabolic curves that rotate about the optical axis A of the LED. The first parabolic curve rotates about axis A to define a reflective surface section 24 that is parabolic in the middle of each side of mirror 14. The second parabolic curve rotates about axis A to define a reflective surface section 26 that extends to a corner of mirror 14. The focal length of the first parabolic curve is shorter than the second parabolic curve, placing the reflective surface section 24 closer to the axis A than the reflective surface section 26. Radial bypass surface 25 connects reflective surface sections 24 and 26, but is oriented to reduce the reorientation of light from LEDs 18. Employing the second parabolic curve (which defines the angular reflective surface section 26) to define the entire reflective surface 22 will create a very deep recess on each side of the square mirror 14. As discussed in more detail below, such deep recessed reflective surfaces are less efficient than the composite reflective surface 22 of the disclosed mirror 14.

The lens 12 is located at the center of the mirror 14 and is configured to redirect light from the LEDs 18 instead of being incident on the reflective surface 22 comprised of reflective surface sections 24,26. Lens 12 is defined by light incident surface 30, light emitting surface 32, and a wound peripheral bypass surface 34. The peripheral bypass surface 34 defines the perimeter of the light incident surface 30 and the light emitting surface 32. To maximize the efficiency of the beam forming optics, lens 12 and mirror 14 are configured to intercept and substantially redirect all of the light emitted from LED 18 to a substantially collimated beam. The composite structure of the reflective surface 22 and the polygonal perimeter 20 must be considered in the design of the lens 12 to ensure that substantially all of the light is redirected by one or the other of the lens 12 or mirror 14, but with little light by the lens 12 and mirror 14 are reoriented.

Figure 9 shows a three-dimensional shape 100 defined by the trajectory of light emitted by the LED 18 having a minimum angle relative to the axis A to be incident on the reflective surface 22. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the upper edge 110 of the three-dimensional shape 100 coincides with the upper edge of the reflective surface 22. Figure 9 also shows the trajectory of the edge portion 13 of the circular lens that will extend beyond the light incident on the reflective surface 22. The lens of the circular edge portion 13 shown in Figure 9 that will intercept and redirect the light available to fill the upper edge of the reflective surface 22 is shown in FIG. Figure 9 will intercept and redirect the light that can be used to fill the upper edge of reflective surface 22, causing the dark edges of optical element 10 to be formed around each beam. In accordance with aspects of the invention, the path of light from the LEDs 18 takes the smallest angular displacement (shape shown in FIG. 9) of the axis A incident on the reflective surface 22 to define the peripheral bypass surface 34 of the lens 12. The shape and angular orientation of the perimeter bypass surface 34 is configured to allow light incident on the reflective surface 22 to pass through the lens 12, and the angular displacement of the intercept and reorientation with the axis A is smaller than the trajectory defined by the shape 100. The recess at the periphery of the lens 12 allows light from the LED 18 to radiate to the upper edge of the reflective surface 22, such as the upper edge of the angular reflective surface section 26. Thus, substantially all of the light emitted from the LEDs 18 is processed by one or the other of the lens 12 or reflective surface 22 with little or no overlap. Another benefit of the disclosed beam forming optics 10 is that light from the LEDs 18 substantially fills each of the reflective surfaces, thus resulting in adjacent beams from the perspective of an observer approaching the direction of the collimated beam produced. The optical device 10 is formed to form a solid block or strip of light with little or no dark space.

As best shown in FIG. 8, each lens 12 is supported within the mirror 14 at a predetermined distance from the LED 18. The position of lens 12 relative to LED 18 is determined by the focal length of lens 12. The lens 12 in the embodiment of the beam forming optics 10 of the present disclosure includes a concave light incident surface 30 and a convex light emitting surface 32. In the embodiment of Figures 1-9, the light incident surface 30 is a spherical surface and the light emitting surface 32 is an elliptical surface. Both the light incident surface 30 and the light emitting surface 32 are rotating surfaces centered on the axis A and are configured to produce a collimating lens having a focus at a point centered on the LED 18 light emitting region. Those skilled in the art will recognize that collimating lenses that are compatible with the disclosed beam forming optics are not limited to these particular surface configurations. The surface configuration is selected to cooperate to receive and redirect light from its emission trajectory to a direction substantially parallel to axis A. The configuration of the light incident surface matches the complementary light emitting surface to produce a predetermined result, in which case the beam relative to axis A is substantially collimated.

10-17 illustrate a second embodiment of a beam forming optics 40 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The beam forming optics 40 is a solid of light transmissive plastic that can be molded from a material such as acrylic or polycarbonate. Beam forming optics 40 employs refracting and internal reflection to redirect light emitted from LED 18 into a beam that is substantially collimated relative to axis A. The beam forming optics 40 has a square perimeter 42 that cuts off the perimeter of the internal reflective surface 44 of the beam forming optics 40. The square perimeter 42 defines a surface on which internally reflected light will be incident, but such reflected light does not contribute to a substantially collimated beam that is the desired light emission pattern from the beam forming optics 40. . The shape of the light incident surfaces 46, 48 defined at the bottom of the beam forming optics 40 and the light emitting surface 52 is modified to ensure that little or no light from the LEDs 18 is incident on the inside of the square perimeter 42.

The beam forming optics 40 are configured such that light emitted at a trajectory relatively close to the axis A (narrow-angle light) is collimated through the mating light incident surface 46 and the light emitting surface 52, while light emitted at the trajectory is relative to the axis A A relatively large angle is incident and collimated by the light incident surface 48 and the internal reflective surface 44. In the illustrated embodiment of the beam forming optics 40, the light incident surface 46 is a flat surface and the light emitting surface 52 is an aspherical surface. The light incident surface 48 is a spherical surface centered on the light emitting region of the LED 18, and the internal reflective surface is a paraboloid centered on the axis A. The surface configurations of light incident surfaces 46, 48, internal reflective surface 44 and light emitting surfaces 52 and 54 are selected to achieve a predetermined result, such as a beam that is substantially collimated relative to axis A. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the surface configuration shown is only a set of representative surfaces that are compatible with the beam forming optics 40 collimation function, and that other complementary surface configurations can be compatible with the disclosed optical devices.

To ensure that the surface configuration of the light from the LEDs 18 is only used to redirect to a substantially collimated beam of light, the perimeter of the light incident surface 46 and the light emitting surface 52 are modified to allow the LEDs to be emitted on the angular trajectory. Light is incident on the internal reflective surface 44 to pass through the perimeter of the light incident surface 46 and the light emitting surface 52. As shown in Figures 11, 12 and 13, the result is that both the light incident surface 46 and the light emitting surface 52 have clover blades or raised perimeters rather than circular perimeters as in prior art optical configuration techniques. Referring to Figures 11 and 13, a peripheral bypass surface 47 is formed between the light incident surfaces 46 and 48. The peripheral bypass surface 47 is defined by a path of light having a minimum angular displacement relative to the axis A that will be incident on the internal reflective surface 44. The recess created between the improved light incident surface 46 and the protrusion of the light emitting surface 52 allows light from the LED to fill the entire internal reflective surface 44 while preventing light from entering the interior of the square perimeter 42 of the beam forming optics 40. As a result, the set of beam forming optics 40 will present a seemingly seamless block of light rather than a bright spot surrounded by dark or dimmed areas.

Figures 14 and 15 show longitudinal cross-sectional views through the beam forming optics 40 taken along line 14-14 of Figure 12, which coincide with the midpoint of each side of the square perimeter 42. This position is the position at which the light incident surface 46 has its largest diameter and actually extends to meet the light incident surface 48. Light emitted by the LEDs 18 at angles greater than the angle B is incident on the internal reflective surface 44 where they are collimated with respect to the axis A and emitted through the light emitting surface 54. The light emitting surface 54 is a planar surface disposed at right angles to the collimated light reflected from the internal reflective surface 44, which is a surface structure selected to minimize variations in the collimated light. Light emitted by the LED 18 at an angle less than the angle B is refracted into the light incident surface 46 and emitted through the light emitting surface 52 in a direction substantially parallel to the axis A.

16 and 17 show longitudinal cross-sectional views of the beam forming optics 40 taken along line 16-16 of Fig. 12, which coincide with the diagonal of the square perimeter 42 of the beam forming optics 40. This position is the position at which the light incident surface 46 has its smallest diameter, corresponding to the recess between the light incident surface 46 and the protrusion of the light emitting surface 52. Light emitted by the LED at an angle greater than the angle C is incident on the internal reflective surface 44, while light emitted at an angle less than the angle C is refracted to the light incident surface 46. It can be observed that the angle C is less than the angle B and the representative ray in Fig. 16 extends to the apex angle of the inner reflective surface 44, while the representative ray in Fig. 14 extends only to the lowest of the square perimeter 42 of the beam forming optics 40. edge.

19-25 illustrate a third embodiment of a beam forming optics 140 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Referring to Figures 19 and 20, there are three beam forming optics 140 connected in a linear arrangement. Each beam forming optics 140 includes a separate LED 118 aligned in a manner similar to the previous embodiment of beam forming optics 10, 40 in which a large amount of material between the light emitting surfaces 152, 154 is Removed to form a castellated light emitting surface. The square perimeter 142 and light emitting surface 154 are interrupted by the void defined by the longitudinal gap 160 and the transverse channel 162. The longitudinal gap 160 and the transverse channel 162 are perpendicular to each other and extend from the light emitting surface 154 toward the light emitting surface 152. In the depicted embodiment, the longitudinal gap 160 intersects the transverse channel 162 at the optical axis of the LED 118, and the longitudinal gap 160 and the lateral channel 162 terminate in a common plane. In the depicted embodiment, the additional material is removed in the form of rounded corners or curves at the intersection of the longitudinal gap 160 and the transverse channel 162.

Figure 21 depicts light incident surfaces 146, 148 in more detail. The light incident surfaces 146, 148 do not contact the longitudinal gap 160 or the transverse channel 162. Light incident surfaces 146, 148 are configured to substantially redirect all of the light emitted from LED 118 to light emitting surface 152 or internal reflective surface 144.

Most of the light emitted from the LED 118 is refracted by or incident on the light incident surface 148 and reflected on the internal reflective surface 144 (see Figures 24 and 25 for details). The light refracted by the light emitting surface 152 and reflected on the inner reflecting surface 144 is collimated with respect to the optical axis of the LED 118. As a result, light 162 passing through the void defined by the longitudinal gap 160 and the transverse passage has been collimated by the beam forming optics 140.

Referring to Figures 22 and 23, the transverse passage 162 and the longitudinal gap 160 interrupt the square perimeter 140. In the depicted embodiment, the transverse channel 162 and the longitudinal gap 160 are aligned at the center of each square perimeter 142 and extend the same depth from the light emitting surface 154. The cross-sectional dimensions of the transverse passage 162 and the longitudinal gap 160 are limited by the height of the square perimeter 142. The transverse passage 162 and the longitudinal gap 160 do not interrupt the internal reflective surface 144.

The illustrated beam forming optics 10, 40, 140 are configured to ensure that light emitted from the LED is only processed by surface configuration to form the desired collimated beam. The perimeter of the lens that handles narrow angle light is modified to allow light to fill the non-circular reflective surface.

The disclosed beam forming optics 10, 40, 140 have been described in the context of a particular application, but those skilled in the art will recognize other uses. The disclosed beam forming optics 10, 40, 140 have been described with particular surface configurations, but are not limited to those particular shapes, and those skilled in the art will recognize simple modifications to achieve the same or similar functionality. This description is for the purpose of illustration and not limitation.

8‧‧‧ line

10‧‧‧beam forming optics

12‧‧‧ lens

13‧‧‧Edge section

14‧‧‧Mirror

16‧‧‧PC board

18‧‧‧LED board

20‧‧‧Polar around

22‧‧‧Reflective surface

24‧‧‧Reflective surface section

25‧‧‧ Radial bypass surface

26‧‧‧Reflective surface section

30‧‧‧Light incident surface

32‧‧‧Light emitting surface

34‧‧‧ peripheral bypass surface

40‧‧‧beam forming optics

42‧‧‧square perimeter

44‧‧‧Internal reflective surface

46‧‧‧Light incident surface

47‧‧‧ peripheral bypass surface

48‧‧‧Light incident surface

52‧‧‧Light emitting surface

54‧‧‧Light emitting surface

100‧‧‧Three-dimensional shape

110‧‧‧ upper edge

118‧‧‧LED

140‧‧‧beam forming optics

142‧‧‧square perimeter

144‧‧‧Internal reflective surface

146‧‧‧Light incident surface

148‧‧‧Light incident surface

152‧‧‧Light emitting surface

154‧‧‧Light emitting surface

160‧‧‧Longitudinal clearance

162‧‧ ‧ transverse channel

In the schema:

1 is a front elevational view of an embodiment of the disclosed beam forming optics in an element employing three sets of six beams to form an optical device in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

Figure 2 is a top perspective view of the assembly shown in Figure 1.

3 is an enlarged front elevational view of a single beam forming optic in accordance with aspects of the present invention.

4 is a side perspective view of a mirror compatible with the beam forming optics of FIG.

Figure 5 is a top perspective view of the mirror of Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a side elevational view of a lens compatible with the beam forming optics of Figure 3.

Figure 7 is a bottom plan view of the lens of Figure 6.

Figure 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the assembly of Figure 1 taken along line 8-8.

Figure 9 illustrates the path of light emitted from a light source and incident on a reflective surface and the intersection of the path with a peripheral bypass surface, the perimeter of the light entry and light emitting surface of the exemplary lens being defined in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

10 is a top perspective view of an alternative beam forming optic in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

Figure 11 is a bottom perspective view of the beam forming optics of Figure 10.

Figure 12 is a plan view of the beam forming optical device of Figure 10 .

Figure 13 is a bottom plan view of the beam forming optics of Figure 10.

Figure 14 is a dashed and partial schematic view of the beam forming optics of Figures 10-13, taken along the line 14-14 of Figure 12 in a longitudinal cross-sectional view.

Figure 15 is a bottom perspective view of the cross-sectional view of Figure 14.

Figure 16 is a broken line and partial schematic view of the beam forming optics of Figures 10-15, taken along the line 16-16 of Figure 12 in a longitudinal cross-sectional view.

Figure 17 is a bottom perspective view of the cross-sectional view of Figure 16.

Figure 18 is a longitudinal schematic cross-sectional view through a prior art collimator that is typically used in conjunction with an LED light source.

Claims (20)

A beam forming optical device for an LED having an optical axis centered on a light emitting region, the light being emitted in a hemispherical pattern surrounding the optical axis, the light being emitted to a side of a first plane behind an LED and Vertical to the optical axis, the beam forming optical device comprises: a first light incident surface configured to cooperate with a first light emitting surface to redirect a portion of the light emitted by the LED from a direction in which the optical axis diverges to a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis; a second light incident surface configured to cooperate with an inner reflective surface and a second light emitting surface to redirect a portion of the light emitted by the LED from a direction in which the optical axis diverges to a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis; a polygonal perimeter extending from the inner reflective surface to the second illuminating surface; a gap defined by a transverse passage extending from the second light emitting surface toward the first light emitting surface, the lateral passage interrupting the perimeter of the polygon and intersecting the optical axis; Wherein substantially all of the light incident on the second light incident surface from the LED is incident on the internal reflective surface, and the first light incident surface and the second light incident surface cooperate to prevent emanating from the LED All of the light is substantially in contact with the perimeter of the polygon and a portion of the light emitted from the LED passes through the void. The beam forming optical device according to claim 1, further comprising: a longitudinal gap perpendicular to the transverse passage; Wherein the longitudinal gap interrupts the perimeter of the polygon and intersects the optical axis. The beam forming optical device of claim 2, wherein the lateral channel and the longitudinal gap extend from the second light emitting surface toward the first light emitting surface and terminate in parallel with the first plane Common plane. The beam forming optical device of claim 1, wherein the first light incident surface is a plane having a non-circular perimeter parallel to the first plane. The beam forming optical device of claim 1, wherein the first light emitting surface is defined by a curve that rotates about the optical axis. The beam forming optical device of claim 1, wherein the second light incident surface is defined by a sphere centered on a light emitting region of the LED. The beam forming optical device of claim 1, wherein the first light incident surface and the first light emitting surface have protrusions that protrude radially away from the optical axis to redirect the emission by the LED Light, otherwise the light emitted by the LED will be incident on the perimeter of the polygon. The beam forming optical device of claim 7, wherein the polygonal perimeter comprises a plurality of surfaces, and the surface angle is aligned with the projections surrounding the optical axis. The beam forming optical device of claim 1, wherein the first light incident surface and the first light emitting surface have a plurality of protrusions extending away from the optical axis between the plurality of notches, the polygon The perimeter includes a plurality of surfaces abutting at the corners, and the angle of the notches is aligned with the corners surrounding the optical axis. The beam forming optical device of claim 1, wherein the polygonal perimeter comprises a plurality of surfaces substantially perpendicular to the first plane. The beam forming optical device of claim 1, wherein the periphery of the polygon is defined by a square centered on the optical axis. An LED lighting device comprising: An LED having an optical axis centered on the light emitting region, a narrow angle light and a wide angle light being emitted in a hemispherical pattern surrounding the optical axis, the light being emitted to a first plane behind the LED One side and perpendicular to the optical axis; and An optical device comprising a plurality of light incident surfaces, a plurality of light emitting surfaces, an inner reflecting surface and a polygonal perimeter, and a transverse channel; a first light incident surface that redirects the narrow angle light through the first light emitting surface; a second light incident surface that redirects the wide angle light to the inner reflective surface, the inner reflective surface redirecting the wide angle light through the second light emitting surface; The perimeter of the polygon extends between the inner reflective surface and the second light emitting surface; The lateral channel extends from the second light emitting surface toward the first light emitting surface and intersects the optical axis; Wherein the narrow angle light and the wide angle light are substantially collimated away from the optical device relative to the optical axis and the plurality of light incident surfaces, the plurality of light emitting surfaces and the internal reflective surface cooperating to prevent emanating from the LED Light contacts the perimeter of the polygon. The LED lighting device of claim 12, further comprising: a longitudinal gap perpendicular to the transverse passage; Wherein the longitudinal gap extends from the second light emitting surface toward the first light emitting surface and intersects the optical axis. The LED lighting device of claim 13, wherein the lateral passage and the longitudinal gap terminate in a common plane parallel to the first plane. The LED lighting device of claim 12, wherein the first light emitting surface is defined by a curve that rotates about the optical axis. The LED lighting device of claim 12, wherein the first light incident surface and the first light emitting surface have protrusions protruding radially away from the optical axis to redirect the narrow angle light, otherwise The narrow angle light will be incident on the perimeter of the polygon. The LED lighting device of claim 16, wherein the polygonal perimeter comprises a plurality of surfaces, and the surface angle is aligned with the projections surrounding the optical axis. The LED lighting device of claim 12, wherein the polygonal perimeter comprises a plurality of surfaces substantially perpendicular to the first plane. The LED lighting device of claim 12, wherein the second light incident surface has a plurality of notches, and the inner reflective surface comprises a plurality of peaks extending toward the second light emitting surface, and the plurality The notch angle is aligned with the plurality of peaks surrounding the optical axis. The LED lighting device of claim 12, wherein the polygonal perimeter comprises a plurality of surfaces comprising at least one flat surface and at least one curved surface.