TW201925440A - Composite solid biofuel and method for preparing the same - Google Patents

Composite solid biofuel and method for preparing the same Download PDF

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TW201925440A
TW201925440A TW106141787A TW106141787A TW201925440A TW 201925440 A TW201925440 A TW 201925440A TW 106141787 A TW106141787 A TW 106141787A TW 106141787 A TW106141787 A TW 106141787A TW 201925440 A TW201925440 A TW 201925440A
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biomass fuel
solid biomass
fuel component
biomass
composite solid
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TW106141787A
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TWI651404B (en
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陳登鑑
洪俊宏
陳綺慧
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財團法人金屬工業研究發展中心
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

A method for preparing a composite solid biofuel comprises the following steps: mixing a solid biofuel component with a liquid fuel component, and wherein said liquid fuel component contains hydrothermal liquefaction oil. The method of this invention utilizes hydrothermal liquefaction oil as the liquid fuel component and the solid biofuel component, so that said composite solid biofuel obtained by the method of this invention has a high heat value and a less ash-content.

Description

複合式固體生質燃料及其製備方法Composite solid biomass fuel and preparation method thereof

本發明是有關於一種生質燃料及其製備方法,特別是指一種能製備出具有較高熱值及較少灰分的生質燃料的複合式固體生質燃料製備方法,以及由該製備方法所製得的複合式固體生質燃料。The invention relates to a biomass fuel and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a composite solid biomass fuel preparation method capable of preparing a biomass fuel with higher calorific value and less ash content, and a preparation method made by the preparation method The obtained composite solid biomass fuel.

中國專利CN 101824348B揭露一種製備生物質緻密燃料的方法,包含以下步驟:先將橡膠籽殼加工粉碎至粒度為1至1.5 mm,再加入例如糖蜜、植物油、木焦油等的有機膠黏劑混合,接著進行壓製成型步驟,製得形狀為顆粒、塊狀或是棒狀的生物質緻密燃料。該中國專利透過使用糖蜜、植物油、木焦油等有機膠黏劑使得所製得的生物質緻密燃料具有緻密的結構,但利用糖蜜、植物油等可食用物質,除了造成可食用資源浪費,也無助於提昇所製得的生物質緻密燃料的熱值。Chinese patent CN 101824348B discloses a method for preparing biomass dense fuel, which includes the steps of: firstly processing and crushing rubber seed husk to a particle size of 1 to 1.5 mm, and then adding organic adhesives such as molasses, vegetable oil, wood tar, etc. to mix, Next, a compression molding step is performed to obtain a biomass dense fuel in the form of particles, lumps, or rods. The Chinese patent uses molasses, vegetable oil, wood tar and other organic adhesives to make the dense biomass fuel with a dense structure, but the use of edible materials such as molasses, vegetable oil, etc., in addition to causing waste of edible resources, also helpless In order to increase the calorific value of the produced biomass compact fuel.

中國專利CN 104059710B揭露一種生物質固體顆粒燃料,其製備方法包含以下步驟:原料回收、粉碎、調質、壓製成型以及輸出冷卻乾燥。其中,原料含有粒度為l至2 mm的松木屑、粒度為0.3至0.5mm的杉木屑、粒度為3至5mm的甘蔗渣、粒度為l至2mm的農作物秸杆,以及由過氧化鈣與碳酸氫銨依據重量比1:1.5所組成的促燃燒劑。該中國專利透過使用該促燃燒劑,能夠使得所製得的生物質固體顆粒燃料具有4200至4850 Kcal/Kg的熱值,但熱值的提升效果有限,且因含有該促燃燒劑,會造成該生物質固體顆粒燃料在燃燒過後的灰分增加的問題。Chinese patent CN 104059710B discloses a biomass solid particulate fuel, the preparation method of which includes the following steps: raw material recovery, crushing, conditioning, compression molding, and output cooling and drying. Among them, the raw material contains pine wood chips with a particle size of 1 to 2 mm, Chinese fir chips with a particle size of 0.3 to 0.5 mm, bagasse with a particle size of 3 to 5 mm, crop straw with a particle size of 1 to 2 mm, and calcium peroxide and carbonic acid. Combustion accelerator composed of ammonium hydrogen based on weight ratio of 1: 1.5. The Chinese patent can make the obtained biomass solid particulate fuel have a calorific value of 4200 to 4850 Kcal / Kg through the use of the combustion promoter, but the effect of increasing the calorific value is limited, and the inclusion of the combustion promoter will cause The problem of increased ash content of the biomass solid particulate fuel after combustion.

因此,本發明之第一目的,即在提供一種複合式固體生質燃料製備方法。Therefore, the first object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a composite solid biomass fuel.

於是,本發明複合式固體生質燃料製備方法,包含以下步驟: 混合程序,將一固態生質燃料組分與一液態燃料組分混合,其中,該液態燃料組分含有水熱液化油。Therefore, the preparation method of the composite solid biomass fuel of the present invention includes the following steps: a mixing procedure, mixing a solid biomass fuel component with a liquid fuel component, wherein the liquid fuel component contains hydrothermal liquefied oil.

因此,本發明之第二目的,即在提供一種複合式固體生質燃料。Therefore, the second object of the present invention is to provide a composite solid biomass fuel.

於是,本發明複合式固體生質燃料,包含: 一固態生質燃料組分;及 一液態燃料組分,包括水熱液化油。Thus, the composite solid biomass fuel of the present invention includes: a solid biomass fuel component; and a liquid fuel component, including hydrothermal liquefied oil.

本發明之功效在於:該複合式固體生質燃料製備方法透過使用水熱液化油做為液態燃料組分,並配合使用固態生質燃料組分,使得所製得的複合式固體生質燃料具有較高的熱值及較少的灰分。The effect of the present invention is that the method for preparing the composite solid biomass fuel uses hydrothermal liquefied oil as the liquid fuel component, and cooperates with the use of the solid biomass fuel component, so that the prepared composite solid biomass fuel has Higher calorific value and less ash.

以下就本發明內容進行詳細說明:The content of the present invention will be described in detail below:

〈複合式固體生質燃料製備方法〉<Preparation method of composite solid biomass fuel>

該複合式固體生質燃料製備方法包含以下步驟:將該固態生質燃料組分與該液態燃料組分混合的該混合程序。The composite solid biomass fuel preparation method includes the following steps: the mixing procedure of mixing the solid biomass fuel component with the liquid fuel component.

該液態燃料組分含有水熱液化油。該水熱液化油例如但不限於由生物質經水熱液化法所製得的水熱液化生質油,或者由例如為化石類燃料油精煉後所形成的廢棄油泥等的有機廢棄油泥經水熱液化法所形成的水熱液化油。較佳地,該水熱液化油的熱值範圍為3000至10000 Kcal/Kg,含水率範圍為0至30%,以及在100℃時的黏度範圍為100至1000 cps,25℃時的黏度範圍為大於2000cps。The liquid fuel component contains hydrothermal liquefied oil. The hydrothermal liquefied oil is, for example but not limited to, hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil prepared by biomass by hydrothermal liquefaction method, or organic waste sludge such as waste sludge formed after refining fossil fuel oil through water Hydrothermal liquefied oil formed by thermal liquefaction. Preferably, the hydrothermal liquefied oil has a calorific value range of 3000 to 10000 Kcal / Kg, a water content range of 0 to 30%, and a viscosity range of 100 to 1000 cps at 100 ° C and a viscosity range of 25 ° C It is greater than 2000cps.

較佳地,該水熱液化油為水熱液化生質油。該水熱液化生質油是由生物質經水熱液化法所製得的水熱液化生質油。該「生物質(biomass)」的來源沒有特別限制,例如但不限於微生物、植物性來源、動物性來源、生物性廢棄物等,具體例子例如但不限於微藻、布袋蓮、產油酵母菌、有機污泥、廚餘、皮革下腳料、農林廢棄物、棕櫚殼等。該生物質的固含量範圍沒有特別限制,該生物質的固含量範圍例如但不限於為8至60%。該生物質的粒徑範圍沒有特別限制,該生物質的粒徑範圍例如但不限於為1至50 mm。該「水熱液化法(hydrothermal liquefaction,HTL)」,是透過高溫高壓使水成為一具有高離子積的液體,該具有高離子積的液體使該生物質進行液化反應轉變成含水率範圍為0至30%的生質油。該水熱液化法的各項操作條件沒有特別限制,可依據該生物質的種類及性質並參照現有的技術自由調整,該水熱液化法的溫度範圍例如但不限於280至400℃,壓力範圍例如但不限於10至200 bar。Preferably, the hydrothermal liquefied oil is hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil. The hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil is a hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil prepared by biomass through a hydrothermal liquefaction method. The source of the "biomass" is not particularly limited, such as, but not limited to, microorganisms, plant sources, animal sources, biological waste, etc. Specific examples such as but not limited to microalgae, bursa, oleaginous yeast , Organic sludge, food waste, leather waste, agricultural and forestry waste, palm husk, etc. The solid content range of the biomass is not particularly limited, and the solid content range of the biomass is, for example but not limited to, 8 to 60%. The particle size range of the biomass is not particularly limited, and the particle size range of the biomass is, for example but not limited to, 1 to 50 mm. The "hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL)" is to make water into a liquid with a high ion product through high temperature and high pressure. The liquid with a high ion product causes the biomass to undergo a liquefaction reaction into a water content range of 0 Up to 30% of crude oil. The operating conditions of the hydrothermal liquefaction method are not particularly limited, and can be freely adjusted according to the type and nature of the biomass and with reference to existing technology. The temperature range of the hydrothermal liquefaction method is, for example but not limited to, 280 to 400 ° C, and the pressure range For example, but not limited to 10 to 200 bar.

該水熱液化生質油於25℃時大於2000cps,為高黏度不流動狀態而具有容易運輸儲存的優點,在100℃時黏度範圍則降至100至1000cps,而利於與固態生質燃料組分充分混合。該水熱液化生質油的熱值範圍為3000至10000 Kcal/Kg,含水率範圍為0至30%。The hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil is greater than 2000 cps at 25 ° C. It is in a high-viscosity, non-flowing state and has the advantage of being easy to transport and store. At 100 ° C, the viscosity range is reduced to 100 to 1000 cps, which is beneficial to solid biomass fuel components Mix thoroughly. The hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil has a calorific value range of 3000 to 10000 Kcal / Kg and a water content range of 0 to 30%.

較佳地,該水熱液化生質油於25℃時的黏度大於50000cps,而有利於降溫時能快速成形,降低該複合式固體生質燃料於冷卻成形過程中崩解或變形。Preferably, the viscosity of the hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil is greater than 50000 cps at 25 ° C, which is beneficial to rapid forming when the temperature is lowered and reducing the disintegration or deformation of the composite solid biomass fuel during the cooling forming process.

在該複合式固體生質燃料製備方法的第一種實施態樣中,較佳地,該固態生質燃料組分含有平均粒徑範圍為1至50 mm的生物質屑料,且該混合程序是將該等生物質屑料與該液態燃料組分混合,以使該液態燃料組分將該等生物質屑料黏結以形成一坯料。其中,該等生物質屑料是由生物質經破碎處理所形成,該生物質的種類是如上所述,故不再贅述。該「破碎處理(size reduction)」是用來粉碎生物質以使生物質的粒徑及尺寸變小的加工程序,該破碎處理的具體操作方式沒有特別限制,可依據生物質的種類及性質選用適合的現有破碎處理方式。較佳地,在該第一種實施態樣中,以該固態生質燃料組分的總量為100重量份計,該液態燃料組分的使用量範圍為5至50重量份。In the first implementation aspect of the composite solid biomass fuel preparation method, preferably, the solid biomass fuel component contains biomass scrap having an average particle size ranging from 1 to 50 mm, and the mixing procedure The biomass debris is mixed with the liquid fuel component so that the liquid fuel component bonds the biomass debris to form a blank. Among them, the biomass chips are formed by crushing the biomass. The types of the biomass are as described above, so they will not be repeated here. The "size reduction" is a processing procedure used to crush biomass to reduce the particle size and size of the biomass. The specific operation method of the crushing treatment is not particularly limited, and can be selected according to the type and nature of the biomass Suitable existing crushing treatment methods. Preferably, in the first embodiment, based on the total amount of the solid biomass fuel component being 100 parts by weight, the amount of the liquid fuel component used ranges from 5 to 50 parts by weight.

為使所製得的複合式固體生質燃料具有更緻密的結構,更佳地,該複合式固體生質燃料製備方法的第一種實施態樣還包含在該混合程序後,對該坯料進行一壓製成型程序,以使得所製得的複合式固體生質燃料具有固定形狀及更緻密的結構,該固定形狀例如但不限於棒狀、塊狀或顆粒狀。該壓製成型程序的條件,例如壓製時的壓力、溫度及時間沒有特別限制,可視該生物質的來源、該等屑料的粒徑、該固態生質燃料組分與該液態燃料組分的用量配比來調整壓製成型程序的條件。In order to make the prepared composite solid biomass fuel have a denser structure, preferably, the first embodiment of the method for preparing the composite solid biomass fuel further includes after the mixing procedure, the blank A compression molding process, so that the prepared composite solid biomass fuel has a fixed shape and a denser structure, such as but not limited to a rod shape, a block shape, or a granular shape. The conditions of the compression molding process, such as pressure, temperature and time during compression are not particularly limited, depending on the source of the biomass, the particle size of the scraps, the amount of the solid biomass fuel component and the liquid fuel component Proportion to adjust the conditions of the compression molding process.

在該複合式固體生質燃料製備方法的第二種實施態樣中,較佳地,該固態生質燃料組分含有一種生質燃料棒,且該混合程序是將該生質燃料棒與該液態燃料組分混合,以使該液態燃料組分黏附在該生質燃料棒。更進一步的說,該混合程序是將該生質燃料棒與該液態燃料組分混合,以使該液態燃料組分基本上均勻地黏附在該生質燃料棒的表面。其中,該「生質燃料棒」是指一種具有緻密結構及固定形狀的生質燃料,更具體地說,該生質燃料棒含有由生物質經破碎處理所形成的顆粒,以及黏結該等顆粒的黏結劑,透過黏結劑黏結該等生物質的顆粒使得生質燃料棒具有緻密結構及固定形狀。該生物質的種類及破碎處理是如上所述,故不再贅述。該「生質燃料棒」的種類及性質沒有特別限制,可使用市售的生質燃料棒,該生質燃料棒的市售產品例如但不限於固態廢棄物衍生燃料(RDF-5),或者例如為木顆粒、棕櫚殼顆粒、農林廢棄物顆粒、草顆粒等的顆粒燃料(pellet fuel)。較佳地,在該第二種實施態樣中,以該固態生質燃料組分的總量為100重量份計,該液態燃料組分的使用量範圍為5至50重量份。In the second embodiment of the composite solid biomass fuel preparation method, preferably, the solid biomass fuel component contains a biomass fuel rod, and the mixing procedure is to combine the biomass fuel rod with the The liquid fuel components are mixed so that the liquid fuel components adhere to the biomass fuel rod. Furthermore, the mixing procedure is to mix the biomass fuel rod and the liquid fuel component so that the liquid fuel component adheres to the surface of the biomass fuel rod substantially uniformly. Among them, the "biomass fuel rod" refers to a biomass fuel with a dense structure and a fixed shape. More specifically, the biomass fuel rod contains particles formed by the crushing of biomass, and the particles are bound The binder of the biomass, through the binding of the particles of the biomass, makes the biomass fuel rod have a dense structure and a fixed shape. The types of biomass and the crushing treatment are as described above, so they are not repeated here. The type and nature of the "biofuel rods" are not particularly limited, and commercially available biofuel rods can be used. Commercial products of the biofuel rods such as but not limited to solid waste-derived fuel (RDF-5), or For example, pellet fuels such as wood particles, palm husk particles, agricultural and forestry waste particles, grass particles, and the like. Preferably, in the second embodiment, based on the total amount of the solid biomass fuel component being 100 parts by weight, the amount of the liquid fuel component used ranges from 5 to 50 parts by weight.

〈複合式固體生質燃料〉<Composite solid biomass fuel>

該複合式固體生質燃料包含該固態生質燃料組分及該液態燃料組分。The composite solid biomass fuel includes the solid biomass fuel component and the liquid fuel component.

該液態燃料組分包括水熱液化油。該水熱液化油例如但不限於由生物質經水熱液化法所製得的水熱液化生質油,或者由例如為化石類燃料油精煉後所形成的廢棄油泥等的有機廢棄油泥經水熱液化法所形成的水熱液化油。較佳地,該水熱液化油的熱值範圍為3000至10000 Kcal/Kg,含水率範圍為0至30%,以及在100℃時的黏度範圍為100至1000 cps,25℃時的黏度範圍為大於2000cps。The liquid fuel component includes hydrothermal liquefied oil. The hydrothermal liquefied oil is, for example but not limited to, hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil prepared by biomass by hydrothermal liquefaction method, or organic waste sludge such as waste sludge formed after refining fossil fuel oil through water Hydrothermal liquefied oil formed by thermal liquefaction. Preferably, the hydrothermal liquefied oil has a calorific value range of 3000 to 10000 Kcal / Kg, a water content range of 0 to 30%, and a viscosity range of 100 to 1000 cps at 100 ° C and a viscosity range of 25 ° C It is greater than 2000cps.

較佳地,該水熱液化油為水熱液化生質油。該水熱液化生質油是由生物質經水熱液化法所製得的,該生物質及該水熱液化法是如上所述,故不再贅述。較佳地,該水熱液化生質油的熱值範圍為 3000至10000 Kcal/Kg,含水率範圍為0至30%,在100℃時的黏度範圍為100至2000 cps。Preferably, the hydrothermal liquefied oil is hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil. The hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil is prepared from biomass by hydrothermal liquefaction method. The biomass and the hydrothermal liquefaction method are as described above, so they will not be repeated here. Preferably, the hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil has a calorific value range of 3000 to 10000 Kcal / Kg, a water content range of 0 to 30%, and a viscosity range of 100 to 2000 cps at 100 ° C.

在該複合式固體生質燃料的一實施態樣中,較佳地,該固態生質燃料組分包括一種生質燃料棒,且該液態燃料組分是黏附在該生質燃料棒。更進一步的說,該液態燃料組分是基本上均勻地黏附在該生質燃料棒的表面。其中,該生質燃料棒是如上所述,故不再贅述。較佳地,以該固態生質燃料組分的含量為100重量份計,該液態燃料組分的含量範圍為5至50重量份。In an embodiment of the composite solid biomass fuel, preferably, the solid biomass fuel component includes a biomass fuel rod, and the liquid fuel component is adhered to the biomass fuel rod. Furthermore, the liquid fuel component adheres to the surface of the biomass fuel rod substantially uniformly. Wherein, the biomass fuel rod is as described above, so it will not be repeated here. Preferably, based on the content of the solid biomass fuel component being 100 parts by weight, the content of the liquid fuel component ranges from 5 to 50 parts by weight.

在該複合式固體生質燃料的另一實施態樣中,較佳地,該固態生質燃料組分包括平均粒徑範圍為1至50mm的生物質屑料,且該液態燃料組分黏結該等生物質屑料。其中,該等生物質屑料是由生物質經破碎處理所形成,該生物質的種類以及該破碎處理是如上所述,故不再贅述。較佳地,以該固態生質燃料組分的含量為100重量份計,該液態燃料組分的含量範圍為5至50重量份。In another embodiment of the composite solid biomass fuel, preferably, the solid biomass fuel component includes biomass scrap having an average particle size ranging from 1 to 50 mm, and the liquid fuel component binds the Etc. biomass debris. Wherein, the biomass scraps are formed by crushing the biomass. The type of the biomass and the crushing process are as described above, so they will not be repeated here. Preferably, based on the content of the solid biomass fuel component being 100 parts by weight, the content of the liquid fuel component ranges from 5 to 50 parts by weight.

本發明將就以下實施例來作進一步說明,但應瞭解的是,該實施例僅為例示說明之用,而不應被解釋為本發明實施之限制。The present invention will be further described in the following embodiments, but it should be understood that this embodiment is for illustrative purposes only, and should not be construed as a limitation of the implementation of the present invention.

[實施例1][Example 1]

以市售的桃花心木生質燃料做為固態生質燃料組分,其中,桃花心木生質燃料為平均粒徑3 mm的顆粒,熱值為4000 Kcal/Kg,含水率為10%。使用由生物質經水熱液化法所製得的水熱液化生質油做為液態燃料組分,水熱液化生質油的生物質來源為堆肥廚餘,該水熱液化生質油在100℃的黏度為400 cps,熱值為7800 Kcal/Kg,含水率為8%。將10克的桃花心木生質燃料與2克的溫度100℃的水熱液化生質油混合,使該水熱液化生質油均勻黏附在該等桃花心木生質燃料棒後,冷卻至25℃,得到實施例1複合式固體生質燃料。The commercially available mahogany biomass fuel is used as a solid biomass fuel component. Among them, the mahogany biomass fuel is particles with an average particle size of 3 mm, a calorific value of 4000 Kcal / Kg, and a water content of 10%. Use hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil prepared by biomass by hydrothermal liquefaction method as the liquid fuel component, the biomass source of hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil is composting kitchen waste, the hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil is at 100 The viscosity at ℃ is 400 cps, the calorific value is 7800 Kcal / Kg, and the water content is 8%. Mix 10 grams of mahogany biomass fuel with 2 grams of hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil at a temperature of 100 ° C to make the hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil evenly adhere to the mahogany biomass fuel rods and cool to At 25 ° C, the composite solid biomass fuel of Example 1 was obtained.

[實施例2][Example 2]

將養菇用木屑經破碎處理形成平均粒徑範圍為1至5 mm的屑料以做為固態生質燃料組分,養菇用木屑的屑料的熱值為3400至3500 Kcal/Kg。使用由生物質經水熱液化法所製得的水熱液化生質油做為液態燃料組分,水熱液化生質油的生物質來源為堆肥廚餘及有機汙泥,該水熱液化生質油在100℃的黏度為500 cps,熱值為7800 Kcal/Kg,含水率為8%。將10克的養菇用木屑的屑料與2克的溫度100℃的水熱液化生質油混合,使該水熱液化生質油將該養菇用木屑的屑料黏結得到一坯料。使用一油壓式固體生質燃料壓錠機(壓錠機為自行設計)對該坯料進行一壓製成型程序後(壓製成型程序的條件為:壓力為8 bar,溫度為30℃,壓製時間為1秒),冷卻至25℃,得到實施例2複合式固體生質燃料。The wood chips for mushroom cultivation are crushed to form chips with an average particle size ranging from 1 to 5 mm as solid biomass fuel components. The heat value of the wood pellets for mushroom cultivation is 3400 to 3500 Kcal / Kg. Use hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil prepared by biomass by hydrothermal liquefaction method as liquid fuel component. The biomass sources of hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil are composting kitchen waste and organic sludge. The viscosity of the basic oil at 100 ° C is 500 cps, the calorific value is 7800 Kcal / Kg, and the water content is 8%. 10 grams of sawdust material for mushroom cultivation and 2 grams of hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil at a temperature of 100 ° C. were mixed, and the hydrothermal liquefaction biomass oil was used to bond the sawdust material for mushroom cultivation to obtain a blank. After using a hydraulic solid biomass fuel ingot press (the ingot press is designed by yourself) to perform a press forming process on the billet (the conditions of the press forming process are: pressure 8 bar, temperature 30 ℃, pressing time 1 second ) And cooled to 25 ° C to obtain the composite solid biomass fuel of Example 2.

[實施例3][Example 3]

將養菇用木屑經破碎處理形成平均粒徑範圍為1至5 mm的屑料以做為固態生質燃料組分,養菇用木屑的屑料的熱值為3400至3500 Kcal/Kg。使用由生物質經水熱液化法所製得的水熱液化生質油做為液態燃料組分,水熱液化生質油的生物質來源為堆肥廚餘及有機汙泥,該水熱液化生質油在100℃的黏度為500 cps,熱值為7800 Kcal/Kg,含水率為8%。將10克的養菇用木屑的屑料與10克的溫度100℃的水熱液化生質油混合,使該水熱液化生質油將該養菇用木屑的屑料黏結得到一坯料。使用一油壓式固體生質燃料壓錠機(壓錠機為自行設計)對該坯料進行一壓製成型程序後(壓製成型程序的條件為:壓力為8 bar,溫度為30℃,壓製時間為1秒),冷卻至25℃,得到實施例3複合式固體生質燃料。The wood chips for mushroom cultivation are crushed to form chips with an average particle size ranging from 1 to 5 mm as solid biomass fuel components. The heat value of the wood pellets for mushroom cultivation is 3400 to 3500 Kcal / Kg. Use hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil prepared by biomass by hydrothermal liquefaction method as liquid fuel component. The biomass sources of hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil are composting kitchen waste and organic sludge. The viscosity of the basic oil at 100 ° C is 500 cps, the calorific value is 7800 Kcal / Kg, and the water content is 8%. 10 grams of sawdust material for mushroom cultivation is mixed with 10 grams of hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil at a temperature of 100 ° C., and the hydrothermal liquefaction biomass oil is used to bond the sawdust material for mushroom cultivation to obtain a blank. After using a hydraulic solid biomass fuel ingot press (the ingot press is designed by yourself) to perform a press forming process on the billet (the conditions of the press forming process are: pressure 8 bar, temperature 30 ℃, pressing time 1 second ) And cooled to 25 ° C to obtain the composite solid biomass fuel of Example 3.

[比較例1][Comparative Example 1]

以10克市售的桃花心木生質燃料做為比較例1固態生質燃料。桃花心木生質燃料為平均粒徑3 mm的顆粒,熱值為4000 Kcal/Kg,含水率為10%。As a solid biomass fuel of Comparative Example 1, 10 grams of commercially available mahogany biomass fuel was used. Mahogany biomass fuel is particles with an average particle size of 3 mm, a calorific value of 4000 Kcal / Kg, and a water content of 10%.

[比較例2][Comparative Example 2]

將養菇用木屑經破碎處理形成平均粒徑範圍為1至5 mm的屑料以做為固態生質燃料組分,養菇用木屑的屑料的熱值為3400至3500 Kcal/Kg。使用由廢食用油經轉酯化所製得的轉酯化生質油做為液態燃料組分,該轉酯化生質油在25℃的黏度為5 cps,熱值為4938 Kcal/Kg,含水率為1%。將10克的養菇用木屑的屑料與2克的轉酯化生質油混合,得到一坯料。使用一油壓式固體生質燃料壓錠機(壓錠機為自行設計)對該坯料進行一壓製成型程序(壓製成型程序的條件為:壓力為8 bar,溫度為30℃,壓製時間為1秒),得到比較例2固體生質燃料。The wood chips for mushroom cultivation are crushed to form chips with an average particle size ranging from 1 to 5 mm as solid biomass fuel components. The heat value of the wood pellets for mushroom cultivation is 3400 to 3500 Kcal / Kg. Using transesterified biomass oil prepared by transesterification of waste edible oil as a liquid fuel component, the transesterified biomass oil has a viscosity of 5 cps at 25 ° C and a calorific value of 4938 Kcal / Kg, The water content is 1%. Mix 10 grams of wood chips for mushroom cultivation with 2 grams of transesterified biomass oil to obtain a blank. Use a hydraulic solid biomass fuel ingot press (the ingot press is designed by yourself) to perform a press forming process on the blank (the conditions of the press forming process are: pressure 8 bar, temperature 30 ℃, pressing time 1 second) To obtain the solid biomass fuel of Comparative Example 2.

[比較例3][Comparative Example 3]

將養菇用木屑經破碎處理形成平均粒徑範圍為1至5 mm的屑料以做為固態生質燃料組分,養菇用木屑的屑料的熱值為3400至3500 Kcal/Kg。使用植物油做為液態燃料組分,該植物油在25℃的黏度為3 cps,熱值為9000 Kcal/Kg,含水率為1%。將10克的養菇用木屑的屑料與0.5克的植物油混合,得到一坯料。使用一油壓式固體生質燃料壓錠機(壓錠機為自行設計)對該坯料進行一壓製成型程序(壓製成型程序的條件為:壓力為8 bar,溫度為30℃,壓製時間為1秒),得到比較例3固體生質燃料。The wood chips for mushroom cultivation are crushed to form chips with an average particle size ranging from 1 to 5 mm as solid biomass fuel components. The heat value of the wood pellets for mushroom cultivation is 3400 to 3500 Kcal / Kg. Using vegetable oil as the liquid fuel component, the vegetable oil has a viscosity of 3 cps at 25 ° C, a calorific value of 9000 Kcal / Kg, and a water content of 1%. 10 g of wood chips for mushroom cultivation was mixed with 0.5 g of vegetable oil to obtain a blank. Use a hydraulic solid biomass fuel ingot press (the ingot press is designed by yourself) to perform a press forming process on the blank (the conditions of the press forming process are: pressure 8 bar, temperature 30 ℃, pressing time 1 second) To obtain the solid biomass fuel of Comparative Example 3.

[比較例4][Comparative Example 4]

將養菇用木屑經破碎處理形成平均粒徑範圍為1至5mm的屑料以做為固態生質燃料組分,養菇用木屑的屑料的熱值為3400至3500 Kcal/Kg。使用由廢木材經熱裂解所製得熱裂解油做為液態燃料組分,該熱裂解油在25℃的黏度為40 cps,熱值為3821 Kcal/Kg,含水率為30%。將10克的養菇用木屑的屑料與2克的熱裂解油混合,得到一坯料。使用一油壓式固體生質燃料壓錠機(壓錠機為自行設計)對該坯料進行一壓製成型程序(壓製成型程序的條件為:壓力為8 bar,溫度為30℃,壓製時間為1秒),得到比較例4固體生質燃料。The wood chips for mushroom cultivation are crushed to form chips with an average particle size ranging from 1 to 5 mm as solid biomass fuel components. The heat value of the wood pellets for mushroom cultivation is 3400 to 3500 Kcal / Kg. As a liquid fuel component, thermal cracking oil prepared by thermal cracking of waste wood is used. The thermal cracking oil has a viscosity of 40 cps at 25 ° C, a calorific value of 3821 Kcal / Kg, and a water content of 30%. Mix 10 grams of wood chips for mushroom cultivation with 2 grams of thermal cracking oil to obtain a blank. Use a hydraulic solid biomass fuel ingot press (the ingot press is designed by yourself) to perform a press forming process on the blank (the conditions of the press forming process are: pressure 8 bar, temperature 30 ℃, pressing time 1 second) To obtain the solid biomass fuel of Comparative Example 4.

[性質評價][Nature evaluation]

1.熱值1. Calorific value

將各實施例的複合式固體生質燃料,以及各比較例的固體生質燃料分別量取1 g,使用熱卡計(廠商型號: Parr 1341)並依據環保署廢棄物熱值檢測方法 NIEA R214.01C量測熱值。Measure 1 g of the composite solid biomass fuel of each example and the solid biomass fuel of each comparative example, using a calorimeter (manufacturer model: Parr 1341) and according to the EPA waste calorific value detection method NIEA R214 .01C measures calorific value.

2.灰分2. Ash

使用灰分爐並依據環保署廢棄物中灰分測定方法 NIEA R205.01C量測各實施例的複合式固體生質燃料以及各比較例的固體生質燃料的灰分。An ash furnace was used and the ash content of the composite solid biomass fuel of each example and the solid biomass fuel of each comparative example was measured in accordance with the EPA determination method for ash content in waste.

3.密度3. Density

使用固體密度測試儀並依據標準方法ASTM D792量測各實施例的複合式固體生質燃料以及各比較例的固體生質燃料的密度。The density of the composite solid biomass fuel of each example and the solid biomass fuel of each comparative example was measured using a solid density tester according to the standard method ASTM D792.

各實施例及比較例的熱值、灰分及密度量測結果如表1所示。Table 1 shows the measurement results of calorific value, ash content and density of each example and comparative example.

表1 Table 1

由表1的結果可知,實施例1至3透過使用以水熱液化法所製得的水熱液化生質油做為液態燃料組分,並配合使用固態生質燃料組分,所製得的複合式固體生質燃料具有較高的熱值及較少的灰分。且所製得的複合式固體生質燃料具有較高的密度,代表複合式固體生質燃料具有較好的緻密程度。It can be seen from the results in Table 1 that the examples 1 to 3 are obtained by using the hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil prepared by the hydrothermal liquefaction method as a liquid fuel component and using the solid biomass fuel component The composite solid biomass fuel has higher calorific value and less ash content. And the prepared composite solid biomass fuel has a higher density, which means that the composite solid biomass fuel has a better density.

比較例1至4所製得的固體生質燃料則具有較低的熱值及較多的灰分。且固體生質燃料具有較低的密度,代表複合式固體生質燃料的緻密程度較差。The solid biomass fuels prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 4 have lower calorific value and more ash content. And the solid biomass fuel has a lower density, which means that the composite solid biomass fuel is less dense.

綜上所述,本發明複合式固體生質燃料製備方法透過使用水熱液化油做為液態燃料組分,並配合使用固態生質燃料組分,使得所製得的複合式固體生質燃料具有較高的熱值及較少的灰分,故確實能達成本發明之目的。In summary, the preparation method of the composite solid biomass fuel of the present invention uses hydrothermal liquefied oil as the liquid fuel component, and cooperates with the use of the solid biomass fuel component, so that the prepared composite solid biomass fuel has Higher calorific value and less ash content, so it can really achieve the purpose of cost invention.

惟以上所述者,僅為本發明之實施例而已,當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍,凡是依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾,皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。However, the above are only examples of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention, any simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the contents of the patent specification are still Within the scope of the invention patent.

Claims (10)

一種複合式固體生質燃料製備方法,包含以下步驟: 混合程序,將一固態生質燃料組分與一液態燃料組分混合,其中,該液態燃料組分含有水熱液化油。A composite solid biomass fuel preparation method includes the following steps: a mixing procedure, mixing a solid biomass fuel component with a liquid fuel component, wherein the liquid fuel component contains hydrothermal liquefied oil. 如請求項1所述的複合式固體生質燃料製備方法,其中,該固態生質燃料組分含有平均粒徑範圍為1至50 mm的生物質屑料,且該混合程序是將該等生物質屑料與該液態燃料組分混合,以使該液態燃料組分將該等生物質屑料黏結並形成一坯料。The method for preparing a composite solid biomass fuel according to claim 1, wherein the solid biomass fuel component contains biomass scrap having an average particle size ranging from 1 to 50 mm, and the mixing procedure is to The material scraps are mixed with the liquid fuel component so that the liquid fuel component bonds the biomass scraps and forms a blank. 如請求項2所述的複合式固體生質燃料製備方法,還包含以下步驟:在該混合程序後,對該坯料進行一壓製成型程序並得到該複合式固體生質燃料。The method for preparing a composite solid biomass fuel according to claim 2, further comprising the following steps: after the mixing procedure, a compression molding procedure is performed on the blank and the composite solid biomass fuel is obtained. 如請求項1所述的複合式固體生質燃料製備方法,其中,該固態生質燃料組分含有一種生質燃料棒,且該混合程序是將該生質燃料棒與該液態燃料組分混合,以使該液態燃料組分黏附在該生質燃料棒並得到該複合式固體生質燃料。The method for preparing a composite solid biomass fuel according to claim 1, wherein the solid biomass fuel component contains a biomass fuel rod, and the mixing procedure is to mix the biomass fuel rod with the liquid fuel component , So that the liquid fuel component adheres to the biomass fuel rod and obtains the composite solid biomass fuel. 如請求項1所述的複合式固體生質燃料製備方法,其中,該水熱液化油的熱值範圍為3000至10000 Kcal/Kg,含水率範圍為0至30%,以及在100℃時的黏度範圍為100至1000 cps,25℃時的黏度範圍為大於2000cps。The method for preparing a composite solid biomass fuel according to claim 1, wherein the hydrothermal liquefied oil has a calorific value range of 3000 to 10000 Kcal / Kg, a moisture content range of 0 to 30%, and a The viscosity range is 100 to 1000 cps, and the viscosity range at 25 ° C is greater than 2000 cps. 一種複合式固體生質燃料,包含: 一固態生質燃料組分;及 一液態燃料組分,包括水熱液化油。A composite solid biomass fuel includes: a solid biomass fuel component; and a liquid fuel component, including hydrothermal liquefied oil. 如請求項6所述的複合式固體生質燃料,其中,該固態生質燃料組分包括平均粒徑範圍為1至50mm的生物質屑料,且該液態燃料組分黏結該等生物質屑料。The composite solid biomass fuel according to claim 6, wherein the solid biomass fuel component includes biomass scraps having an average particle size ranging from 1 to 50 mm, and the liquid fuel component binds the biomass scraps material. 如請求項6所述的複合式固體生質燃料,其中,該固態生質燃料組分包括一種生質燃料棒,且該液態燃料組分黏附在該生質燃料棒。The composite solid biomass fuel according to claim 6, wherein the solid biomass fuel component includes a biomass fuel rod, and the liquid fuel component adheres to the biomass fuel rod. 如請求項6所述的複合式固體生質燃料,其中,以該固態生質燃料組分的含量為100重量份計,該液態燃料組分的含量範圍為5至50重量份。The composite solid biomass fuel according to claim 6, wherein the content of the liquid fuel component ranges from 5 to 50 parts by weight based on the content of the solid biomass fuel component being 100 parts by weight. 如請求項6所述的複合式固體生質燃料,其中,該水熱液化油的熱值範圍為3000至10000 Kcal/Kg,含水率範圍為0至30%,以及在100℃時的黏度範圍為100至1000 cps,25℃時的黏度範圍為大於2000cps。The composite solid biomass fuel according to claim 6, wherein the hydrothermal liquefied oil has a calorific value range of 3000 to 10000 Kcal / Kg, a water content range of 0 to 30%, and a viscosity range at 100 ° C It is 100 to 1000 cps, and the viscosity range at 25 ° C is greater than 2000 cps.
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