TW201925440A - Composite solid biofuel and method for preparing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for preparing a composite solid biofuel comprises the following steps: mixing a solid biofuel component with a liquid fuel component, and wherein said liquid fuel component contains hydrothermal liquefaction oil. The method of this invention utilizes hydrothermal liquefaction oil as the liquid fuel component and the solid biofuel component, so that said composite solid biofuel obtained by the method of this invention has a high heat value and a less ash-content.

Description

Composite solid biomass fuel and preparation method thereof

The invention relates to a biomass fuel and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a composite solid biomass fuel preparation method capable of preparing a biomass fuel with higher calorific value and less ash content, and a preparation method made by the preparation method The obtained composite solid biomass fuel.

Chinese patent CN 101824348B discloses a method for preparing biomass dense fuel, which includes the steps of: firstly processing and crushing rubber seed husk to a particle size of 1 to 1.5 mm, and then adding organic adhesives such as molasses, vegetable oil, wood tar, etc. to mix, Next, a compression molding step is performed to obtain a biomass dense fuel in the form of particles, lumps, or rods. The Chinese patent uses molasses, vegetable oil, wood tar and other organic adhesives to make the dense biomass fuel with a dense structure, but the use of edible materials such as molasses, vegetable oil, etc., in addition to causing waste of edible resources, also helpless In order to increase the calorific value of the produced biomass compact fuel.

Chinese patent CN 104059710B discloses a biomass solid particulate fuel, the preparation method of which includes the following steps: raw material recovery, crushing, conditioning, compression molding, and output cooling and drying. Among them, the raw material contains pine wood chips with a particle size of 1 to 2 mm, Chinese fir chips with a particle size of 0.3 to 0.5 mm, bagasse with a particle size of 3 to 5 mm, crop straw with a particle size of 1 to 2 mm, and calcium peroxide and carbonic acid. Combustion accelerator composed of ammonium hydrogen based on weight ratio of 1: 1.5. The Chinese patent can make the obtained biomass solid particulate fuel have a calorific value of 4200 to 4850 Kcal / Kg through the use of the combustion promoter, but the effect of increasing the calorific value is limited, and the inclusion of the combustion promoter will cause The problem of increased ash content of the biomass solid particulate fuel after combustion.

Therefore, the first object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a composite solid biomass fuel.

Therefore, the preparation method of the composite solid biomass fuel of the present invention includes the following steps: a mixing procedure, mixing a solid biomass fuel component with a liquid fuel component, wherein the liquid fuel component contains hydrothermal liquefied oil.

Therefore, the second object of the present invention is to provide a composite solid biomass fuel.

Thus, the composite solid biomass fuel of the present invention includes: a solid biomass fuel component; and a liquid fuel component, including hydrothermal liquefied oil.

The effect of the present invention is that the method for preparing the composite solid biomass fuel uses hydrothermal liquefied oil as the liquid fuel component, and cooperates with the use of the solid biomass fuel component, so that the prepared composite solid biomass fuel has Higher calorific value and less ash.

The content of the present invention will be described in detail below:

<Preparation method of composite solid biomass fuel>

The composite solid biomass fuel preparation method includes the following steps: the mixing procedure of mixing the solid biomass fuel component with the liquid fuel component.

The liquid fuel component contains hydrothermal liquefied oil. The hydrothermal liquefied oil is, for example but not limited to, hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil prepared by biomass by hydrothermal liquefaction method, or organic waste sludge such as waste sludge formed after refining fossil fuel oil through water Hydrothermal liquefied oil formed by thermal liquefaction. Preferably, the hydrothermal liquefied oil has a calorific value range of 3000 to 10000 Kcal / Kg, a water content range of 0 to 30%, and a viscosity range of 100 to 1000 cps at 100 ° C and a viscosity range of 25 ° C It is greater than 2000cps.

Preferably, the hydrothermal liquefied oil is hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil. The hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil is a hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil prepared by biomass through a hydrothermal liquefaction method. The source of the "biomass" is not particularly limited, such as, but not limited to, microorganisms, plant sources, animal sources, biological waste, etc. Specific examples such as but not limited to microalgae, bursa, oleaginous yeast , Organic sludge, food waste, leather waste, agricultural and forestry waste, palm husk, etc. The solid content range of the biomass is not particularly limited, and the solid content range of the biomass is, for example but not limited to, 8 to 60%. The particle size range of the biomass is not particularly limited, and the particle size range of the biomass is, for example but not limited to, 1 to 50 mm. The "hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL)" is to make water into a liquid with a high ion product through high temperature and high pressure. The liquid with a high ion product causes the biomass to undergo a liquefaction reaction into a water content range of 0 Up to 30% of crude oil. The operating conditions of the hydrothermal liquefaction method are not particularly limited, and can be freely adjusted according to the type and nature of the biomass and with reference to existing technology. The temperature range of the hydrothermal liquefaction method is, for example but not limited to, 280 to 400 ° C, and the pressure range For example, but not limited to 10 to 200 bar.

The hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil is greater than 2000 cps at 25 ° C. It is in a high-viscosity, non-flowing state and has the advantage of being easy to transport and store. At 100 ° C, the viscosity range is reduced to 100 to 1000 cps, which is beneficial to solid biomass fuel components Mix thoroughly. The hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil has a calorific value range of 3000 to 10000 Kcal / Kg and a water content range of 0 to 30%.

Preferably, the viscosity of the hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil is greater than 50000 cps at 25 ° C, which is beneficial to rapid forming when the temperature is lowered and reducing the disintegration or deformation of the composite solid biomass fuel during the cooling forming process.

In the first implementation aspect of the composite solid biomass fuel preparation method, preferably, the solid biomass fuel component contains biomass scrap having an average particle size ranging from 1 to 50 mm, and the mixing procedure The biomass debris is mixed with the liquid fuel component so that the liquid fuel component bonds the biomass debris to form a blank. Among them, the biomass chips are formed by crushing the biomass. The types of the biomass are as described above, so they will not be repeated here. The "size reduction" is a processing procedure used to crush biomass to reduce the particle size and size of the biomass. The specific operation method of the crushing treatment is not particularly limited, and can be selected according to the type and nature of the biomass Suitable existing crushing treatment methods. Preferably, in the first embodiment, based on the total amount of the solid biomass fuel component being 100 parts by weight, the amount of the liquid fuel component used ranges from 5 to 50 parts by weight.

In order to make the prepared composite solid biomass fuel have a denser structure, preferably, the first embodiment of the method for preparing the composite solid biomass fuel further includes after the mixing procedure, the blank A compression molding process, so that the prepared composite solid biomass fuel has a fixed shape and a denser structure, such as but not limited to a rod shape, a block shape, or a granular shape. The conditions of the compression molding process, such as pressure, temperature and time during compression are not particularly limited, depending on the source of the biomass, the particle size of the scraps, the amount of the solid biomass fuel component and the liquid fuel component Proportion to adjust the conditions of the compression molding process.

In the second embodiment of the composite solid biomass fuel preparation method, preferably, the solid biomass fuel component contains a biomass fuel rod, and the mixing procedure is to combine the biomass fuel rod with the The liquid fuel components are mixed so that the liquid fuel components adhere to the biomass fuel rod. Furthermore, the mixing procedure is to mix the biomass fuel rod and the liquid fuel component so that the liquid fuel component adheres to the surface of the biomass fuel rod substantially uniformly. Among them, the "biomass fuel rod" refers to a biomass fuel with a dense structure and a fixed shape. More specifically, the biomass fuel rod contains particles formed by the crushing of biomass, and the particles are bound The binder of the biomass, through the binding of the particles of the biomass, makes the biomass fuel rod have a dense structure and a fixed shape. The types of biomass and the crushing treatment are as described above, so they are not repeated here. The type and nature of the "biofuel rods" are not particularly limited, and commercially available biofuel rods can be used. Commercial products of the biofuel rods such as but not limited to solid waste-derived fuel (RDF-5), or For example, pellet fuels such as wood particles, palm husk particles, agricultural and forestry waste particles, grass particles, and the like. Preferably, in the second embodiment, based on the total amount of the solid biomass fuel component being 100 parts by weight, the amount of the liquid fuel component used ranges from 5 to 50 parts by weight.

<Composite solid biomass fuel>

The composite solid biomass fuel includes the solid biomass fuel component and the liquid fuel component.

The liquid fuel component includes hydrothermal liquefied oil. The hydrothermal liquefied oil is, for example but not limited to, hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil prepared by biomass by hydrothermal liquefaction method, or organic waste sludge such as waste sludge formed after refining fossil fuel oil through water Hydrothermal liquefied oil formed by thermal liquefaction. Preferably, the hydrothermal liquefied oil has a calorific value range of 3000 to 10000 Kcal / Kg, a water content range of 0 to 30%, and a viscosity range of 100 to 1000 cps at 100 ° C and a viscosity range of 25 ° C It is greater than 2000cps.

Preferably, the hydrothermal liquefied oil is hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil. The hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil is prepared from biomass by hydrothermal liquefaction method. The biomass and the hydrothermal liquefaction method are as described above, so they will not be repeated here. Preferably, the hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil has a calorific value range of 3000 to 10000 Kcal / Kg, a water content range of 0 to 30%, and a viscosity range of 100 to 2000 cps at 100 ° C.

In an embodiment of the composite solid biomass fuel, preferably, the solid biomass fuel component includes a biomass fuel rod, and the liquid fuel component is adhered to the biomass fuel rod. Furthermore, the liquid fuel component adheres to the surface of the biomass fuel rod substantially uniformly. Wherein, the biomass fuel rod is as described above, so it will not be repeated here. Preferably, based on the content of the solid biomass fuel component being 100 parts by weight, the content of the liquid fuel component ranges from 5 to 50 parts by weight.

In another embodiment of the composite solid biomass fuel, preferably, the solid biomass fuel component includes biomass scrap having an average particle size ranging from 1 to 50 mm, and the liquid fuel component binds the Etc. biomass debris. Wherein, the biomass scraps are formed by crushing the biomass. The type of the biomass and the crushing process are as described above, so they will not be repeated here. Preferably, based on the content of the solid biomass fuel component being 100 parts by weight, the content of the liquid fuel component ranges from 5 to 50 parts by weight.

The present invention will be further described in the following embodiments, but it should be understood that this embodiment is for illustrative purposes only, and should not be construed as a limitation of the implementation of the present invention.

[Example 1]

The commercially available mahogany biomass fuel is used as a solid biomass fuel component. Among them, the mahogany biomass fuel is particles with an average particle size of 3 mm, a calorific value of 4000 Kcal / Kg, and a water content of 10%. Use hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil prepared by biomass by hydrothermal liquefaction method as the liquid fuel component, the biomass source of hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil is composting kitchen waste, the hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil is at 100 The viscosity at ℃ is 400 cps, the calorific value is 7800 Kcal / Kg, and the water content is 8%. Mix 10 grams of mahogany biomass fuel with 2 grams of hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil at a temperature of 100 ° C to make the hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil evenly adhere to the mahogany biomass fuel rods and cool to At 25 ° C, the composite solid biomass fuel of Example 1 was obtained.

[Example 2]

The wood chips for mushroom cultivation are crushed to form chips with an average particle size ranging from 1 to 5 mm as solid biomass fuel components. The heat value of the wood pellets for mushroom cultivation is 3400 to 3500 Kcal / Kg. Use hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil prepared by biomass by hydrothermal liquefaction method as liquid fuel component. The biomass sources of hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil are composting kitchen waste and organic sludge. The viscosity of the basic oil at 100 ° C is 500 cps, the calorific value is 7800 Kcal / Kg, and the water content is 8%. 10 grams of sawdust material for mushroom cultivation and 2 grams of hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil at a temperature of 100 ° C. were mixed, and the hydrothermal liquefaction biomass oil was used to bond the sawdust material for mushroom cultivation to obtain a blank. After using a hydraulic solid biomass fuel ingot press (the ingot press is designed by yourself) to perform a press forming process on the billet (the conditions of the press forming process are: pressure 8 bar, temperature 30 ℃, pressing time 1 second ) And cooled to 25 ° C to obtain the composite solid biomass fuel of Example 2.

[Example 3]

The wood chips for mushroom cultivation are crushed to form chips with an average particle size ranging from 1 to 5 mm as solid biomass fuel components. The heat value of the wood pellets for mushroom cultivation is 3400 to 3500 Kcal / Kg. Use hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil prepared by biomass by hydrothermal liquefaction method as liquid fuel component. The biomass sources of hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil are composting kitchen waste and organic sludge. The viscosity of the basic oil at 100 ° C is 500 cps, the calorific value is 7800 Kcal / Kg, and the water content is 8%. 10 grams of sawdust material for mushroom cultivation is mixed with 10 grams of hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil at a temperature of 100 ° C., and the hydrothermal liquefaction biomass oil is used to bond the sawdust material for mushroom cultivation to obtain a blank. After using a hydraulic solid biomass fuel ingot press (the ingot press is designed by yourself) to perform a press forming process on the billet (the conditions of the press forming process are: pressure 8 bar, temperature 30 ℃, pressing time 1 second ) And cooled to 25 ° C to obtain the composite solid biomass fuel of Example 3.

[Comparative Example 1]

As a solid biomass fuel of Comparative Example 1, 10 grams of commercially available mahogany biomass fuel was used. Mahogany biomass fuel is particles with an average particle size of 3 mm, a calorific value of 4000 Kcal / Kg, and a water content of 10%.

[Comparative Example 2]

The wood chips for mushroom cultivation are crushed to form chips with an average particle size ranging from 1 to 5 mm as solid biomass fuel components. The heat value of the wood pellets for mushroom cultivation is 3400 to 3500 Kcal / Kg. Using transesterified biomass oil prepared by transesterification of waste edible oil as a liquid fuel component, the transesterified biomass oil has a viscosity of 5 cps at 25 ° C and a calorific value of 4938 Kcal / Kg, The water content is 1%. Mix 10 grams of wood chips for mushroom cultivation with 2 grams of transesterified biomass oil to obtain a blank. Use a hydraulic solid biomass fuel ingot press (the ingot press is designed by yourself) to perform a press forming process on the blank (the conditions of the press forming process are: pressure 8 bar, temperature 30 ℃, pressing time 1 second) To obtain the solid biomass fuel of Comparative Example 2.

[Comparative Example 3]

The wood chips for mushroom cultivation are crushed to form chips with an average particle size ranging from 1 to 5 mm as solid biomass fuel components. The heat value of the wood pellets for mushroom cultivation is 3400 to 3500 Kcal / Kg. Using vegetable oil as the liquid fuel component, the vegetable oil has a viscosity of 3 cps at 25 ° C, a calorific value of 9000 Kcal / Kg, and a water content of 1%. 10 g of wood chips for mushroom cultivation was mixed with 0.5 g of vegetable oil to obtain a blank. Use a hydraulic solid biomass fuel ingot press (the ingot press is designed by yourself) to perform a press forming process on the blank (the conditions of the press forming process are: pressure 8 bar, temperature 30 ℃, pressing time 1 second) To obtain the solid biomass fuel of Comparative Example 3.

[Comparative Example 4]

The wood chips for mushroom cultivation are crushed to form chips with an average particle size ranging from 1 to 5 mm as solid biomass fuel components. The heat value of the wood pellets for mushroom cultivation is 3400 to 3500 Kcal / Kg. As a liquid fuel component, thermal cracking oil prepared by thermal cracking of waste wood is used. The thermal cracking oil has a viscosity of 40 cps at 25 ° C, a calorific value of 3821 Kcal / Kg, and a water content of 30%. Mix 10 grams of wood chips for mushroom cultivation with 2 grams of thermal cracking oil to obtain a blank. Use a hydraulic solid biomass fuel ingot press (the ingot press is designed by yourself) to perform a press forming process on the blank (the conditions of the press forming process are: pressure 8 bar, temperature 30 ℃, pressing time 1 second) To obtain the solid biomass fuel of Comparative Example 4.

[Nature evaluation]

1. Calorific value

Measure 1 g of the composite solid biomass fuel of each example and the solid biomass fuel of each comparative example, using a calorimeter (manufacturer model: Parr 1341) and according to the EPA waste calorific value detection method NIEA R214 .01C measures calorific value.

2. Ash

An ash furnace was used and the ash content of the composite solid biomass fuel of each example and the solid biomass fuel of each comparative example was measured in accordance with the EPA determination method for ash content in waste.

3. Density

The density of the composite solid biomass fuel of each example and the solid biomass fuel of each comparative example was measured using a solid density tester according to the standard method ASTM D792.

Table 1 shows the measurement results of calorific value, ash content and density of each example and comparative example.

Table 1

It can be seen from the results in Table 1 that the examples 1 to 3 are obtained by using the hydrothermal liquefied biomass oil prepared by the hydrothermal liquefaction method as a liquid fuel component and using the solid biomass fuel component The composite solid biomass fuel has higher calorific value and less ash content. And the prepared composite solid biomass fuel has a higher density, which means that the composite solid biomass fuel has a better density.

The solid biomass fuels prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 4 have lower calorific value and more ash content. And the solid biomass fuel has a lower density, which means that the composite solid biomass fuel is less dense.

In summary, the preparation method of the composite solid biomass fuel of the present invention uses hydrothermal liquefied oil as the liquid fuel component, and cooperates with the use of the solid biomass fuel component, so that the prepared composite solid biomass fuel has Higher calorific value and less ash content, so it can really achieve the purpose of cost invention.

However, the above are only examples of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention, any simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the contents of the patent specification are still Within the scope of the invention patent.

Claims (10)

A composite solid biomass fuel preparation method includes the following steps: a mixing procedure, mixing a solid biomass fuel component with a liquid fuel component, wherein the liquid fuel component contains hydrothermal liquefied oil. The method for preparing a composite solid biomass fuel according to claim 1, wherein the solid biomass fuel component contains biomass scrap having an average particle size ranging from 1 to 50 mm, and the mixing procedure is to The material scraps are mixed with the liquid fuel component so that the liquid fuel component bonds the biomass scraps and forms a blank. The method for preparing a composite solid biomass fuel according to claim 2, further comprising the following steps: after the mixing procedure, a compression molding procedure is performed on the blank and the composite solid biomass fuel is obtained. The method for preparing a composite solid biomass fuel according to claim 1, wherein the solid biomass fuel component contains a biomass fuel rod, and the mixing procedure is to mix the biomass fuel rod with the liquid fuel component , So that the liquid fuel component adheres to the biomass fuel rod and obtains the composite solid biomass fuel. The method for preparing a composite solid biomass fuel according to claim 1, wherein the hydrothermal liquefied oil has a calorific value range of 3000 to 10000 Kcal / Kg, a moisture content range of 0 to 30%, and a The viscosity range is 100 to 1000 cps, and the viscosity range at 25 ° C is greater than 2000 cps. A composite solid biomass fuel includes: a solid biomass fuel component; and a liquid fuel component, including hydrothermal liquefied oil. The composite solid biomass fuel according to claim 6, wherein the solid biomass fuel component includes biomass scraps having an average particle size ranging from 1 to 50 mm, and the liquid fuel component binds the biomass scraps material. The composite solid biomass fuel according to claim 6, wherein the solid biomass fuel component includes a biomass fuel rod, and the liquid fuel component adheres to the biomass fuel rod. The composite solid biomass fuel according to claim 6, wherein the content of the liquid fuel component ranges from 5 to 50 parts by weight based on the content of the solid biomass fuel component being 100 parts by weight. The composite solid biomass fuel according to claim 6, wherein the hydrothermal liquefied oil has a calorific value range of 3000 to 10000 Kcal / Kg, a water content range of 0 to 30%, and a viscosity range at 100 ° C It is 100 to 1000 cps, and the viscosity range at 25 ° C is greater than 2000 cps.