TW201921721A - Luminescent material, wavelength converter, and lighting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a process for the production of a (particulate) luminescent material comprising particles, especially substantially spherical particles, having a porous inorganic material core with pores, especially macro pores, which are at least partly filled with a polymeric material with luminescent quantum dots embedded therein, wherein the process comprises (i) impregnating the particles of a particulate porous inorganic material with pores with a first liquid ("ink") comprising the luminescent quantum dots and a curable or polymerizable precursor of the polymeric material, to provide pores that are at least partly filled with said luminescent quantum dots and curable or polymerizable precursor; and (ii) curing or polymerizing the curable or polymerizable precursor within pores of the porous material, as well as a product obtainable thereby.

Description

Luminescent material, wavelength converter and illuminating device

The present invention relates to a (particle) luminescent material and a production process for this (particle) luminescent material. The invention further relates to a wavelength converter and illumination device comprising one of the (particle) luminescent materials.

Quantum dot (QD) based illumination is known in the art. For example, WO2012021643 describes systems and methods for quantum dot structures for illumination applications. In particular, quantum dots and sub-point inks (including mixtures of quantum dots of different wavelengths) are synthesized for the desired optical properties and integrated with an LED source to produce a three-color white light source. The LED source can be integrated with the quantum dots in a variety of ways, including by using a small capillary or a content sub-point of a well-filled ink that is suitably placed in the optical system. Such systems can result in improved displays characterized by higher color gamut, lower power consumption, and reduced cost. For example, WO2012021643 describes a method of producing three-color white light, the method comprising contacting light from a source capable of emitting blue light with an optical material, the optical material comprising a host material and a first quantum dot capable of emitting green light and a second quantum dot capable of emitting red light, wherein a ratio of the weight ratio of the first quantum dot to the second quantum dot in the optical material is in a range from about 9:1 to about 2:1, and from the light source The light, one of the light from the first quantum dots, and one of the light from the second quantum dots combine to produce three colors of white light.

Nanoparticles such as quantum dots (QD) can possess properties such that they are used as advanced luminescent materials for solid state illumination. In the following, nanoparticles (such as quantum dots) having the ability to give (visible) luminescence are also indicated as "photoconverter nanoparticles" or "luminescent nanoparticles". They can, for example, be used to convert blue light to other colors to achieve high quality white light with high efficiency. Nanoparticles such as QD have the advantage of a narrow emission band and color tunability by varying the size of the particles. For LED applications, quantum dots (QD) are considered a dominant phosphor. Narrow emission band (about 25 nm to 50 nm) and high quantum efficiency (QE) (>90% at 100 °C), especially in which the inorganic and organic phosphors are replaced by red in a far wider emission band. Become a superior phosphor. For general lighting applications, an overall improvement in performance of up to 20% is expected in the case where QD is available as a red phosphor in LEDs. For backlight applications, the gain of performance can be even more, because the narrowband emissions of both green and red QDs can be matched to the bandpass filters of the LCD. In summary, it is envisaged that QD is one of the most important green and/or red phosphors for recent LED applications. One of the main problems with QD for applications is their sensitivity to oxygen and water. Due to photooxidation and/or instability of the QD ligand interface by chemical reaction with water and/or oxygen, QD requires sealing against oxygen and water to maintain its high QE after exposure and high temperatures. One option is to seal/encapsulate the QD in a module level by, for example, sealing the glass interlayer with epoxy or other (semi-sealed) seals. However, it is preferred to have a particulate material sealed in a micro-level isolation. Micro-polishing the QD in a first body toward the microparticles and subsequently encapsulating the particles or mixing the beads into another body is an option but may also have disadvantages. For example, the non-spherical shape and large size distribution obtained after micro-polishing will impede proper mixing of the microparticles into a second body and prevent encapsulation by a second coating. Another disadvantage of microbeads is generally the coefficient of thermal expansion between the QD host material (usually acrylate, polyoxane or other polymer) and the encapsulating material (preferably one such as alumina or cerium oxide). lost pair. An excessive mismatch between thermal expansion can cause, for example, a crack. It has been found that when organic microbeads known in the prior art are used, in the absence of substantial mismatch in thermal expansion, even when such microbeads are substantially spherical, it is almost impossible to apply an inorganic coating (which is Good coating) coating these beads. This can lead to a reduction in life. In the case of a large CTE mismatch, an irregular shape such as obtained by micro-grinding even further increases the chance of crack formation. Accordingly, one aspect of the present invention provides a luminescent material, particularly a particle luminescent material, and/or a wavelength converter and/or a illuminating device, preferably further at least partially excluding one or more of the above disadvantages. Yet another aspect of the invention provides a procedure for producing such a luminescent material, particularly such a particulate luminescent material. Here, a porous ceria or alumina particle in which one of, for example, a curable QD polymer resin mixture is filled is proposed. After filling (large pores of porous erbium dioxide or alumina (or other porous material)), it is possible, for example, to use cerium oxide, aluminum oxide or other encapsulants (or both of these encapsulants or One of the two (multilayer) combination is used to encapsulate the QD/polymer/large porous ceria composite particles. The problem of the difference in thermal expansion coefficient can be largely solved. An alternative or additional advantage may be that the beads of the QD/host material need not be first produced (with their attendant difficulties and disadvantages). Rather, prefabricated porous particles can be utilized. Further, the adhesion of an inorganic coating to inorganic fine particles is substantially better than the combination of an organic microbead and an inorganic sealant. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) mismatch between the inorganic coating and an organic particle can be large, however, in the present invention, the thermal mismatch can be small (or even substantially zero). Furthermore, due to the index matching of the polymer to the cerium oxide and the final matrix of the dispersible composite particles therein (such as (polyoxy) resin), the final composite particles may be substantially non-scattering. Furthermore, it is known that the seal is not always complete, and it is advantageous for the pinholes in the seal to have a specific tolerance, since in principle only the pores of the cerium oxide particles need to be sealed. Thus, the resulting sealed composite particles can be treated in air and can be mixed with, for example, optical grade polyoxane for final application to the LED. Alternatively, the filled or solidified porous particles (i.e., without the second encapsulation) are thus used for LED applications by directly mixing them or the like into polyfluorene or other suitable host materials. The stability and mixing of the QD was found to be highly dependent on the precise formulation of the first body. However, this first proprietary body may not be the preferred host material for LED applications, for example because of processing conditions, cost, or stability. Thus, porous porous cerium oxide particles (PSP) filled with a preferred QD host material (e.g., acrylate) can be mixed with a preferred LED host material (e.g., polyfluorene oxide). Mixing of cerium oxide particles, for example, in polyoxyn oxide, is well known and used in the art. Finally, the filled and cured porous particles can be used by directly mixing them into a sealed second host material (for example, a semi-hermetic epoxy or a sealed (low melting point) glass, etc. (ie, no Second encapsulation). In contrast, as indicated above, considering the flocculation, miscibility, and poor stability, it has been found to be difficult to directly mix QD into such host materials. Accordingly, in a first aspect of the invention there is provided a process for producing a luminescent material comprising a particle having a porous inorganic material core, in particular one of substantially spherical particles, the porous inorganic material The core has pores at least partially filled with a luminescent nanoparticle embedded therein, in particular a polymeric material of a quantum dot, in particular a macroporous, wherein the procedure comprises (i) using a luminescent nanoparticle comprising a polymeric material, in particular Is a quantum dot and a curable or polymerizable precursor, a first liquid ("ink") impregnated with particles of a porous inorganic material having pores to provide at least partially filled with such luminescent nanoparticles, especially quantum dots And a curable or polymerizable precursor of the curable or polymerizable precursor; and (ii) a curable or polymerizable precursor within the pores of the cured or polymerized porous material. In a particular embodiment, the program further comprises (iii) applying an encapsulation (such as a coating or an embedding in a matrix or both) to the particles thus obtained (having at least partially filled with A luminescent nanoparticle embedded in it, especially a pore of a polymeric material of a quantum dot). In this way, the particles can be at least partially coated, or (especially) even completely coated (ie, in particular a conformal coating). In a further aspect, the invention also provides a (particle) luminescent material or a solid substrate comprising the (particle) luminescent material obtainable by the process of the invention. Accordingly, the present invention also provides a luminescent material comprising a particle (particle) having a core of a porous inorganic material, the porous inorganic material core having an at least partially filled polymer having luminescent nanoparticles, in particular quantum dots, embedded therein The pores of the material. Furthermore, the present invention also provides a wavelength converter comprising a light transmissive solid substrate having a (particle) luminescent material (as defined herein, and/or obtainable according to the procedures defined herein) embedded therein. The invention further relates to a particular embodiment of a quantum dot described as a (luminescent) nanoparticle. In yet a further aspect, the invention also provides a lighting device comprising (i) a light source configured to generate source light, (ii) as defined herein or as defined herein A (particle) luminescent material obtained by the procedure, wherein the (particle) luminescent material is configured to convert at least a portion of the source light into visible luminescent quantum dot light. As indicated herein, the (particle) luminescent material can be embedded in a light transmissive solid substrate. Utilizing the above invention, it is advantageous to provide a luminescent material (e.g., such as a particle luminescent material) based on a QD that is well treated. With the present invention, the QD can be shielded from the environment, thereby promoting the life of the QD. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the (macroporous) particles are at least partially, in particular substantially completely enclosed by encapsulation. See also below, the encapsulation may be one (multi) layer (coating), but may also include a (solid substrate). This encapsulation can even further improve life. In particular, considering lifetime, including encapsulation of one of the inorganic materials, even more particularly the inorganic material has a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) having a CTE of the same inorganic material as the core or only different One value of one of the factors in the range of 1/5 to 5, especially 1/3 to 3, such as the CTE value of the inorganic material of the core of 2/3 to 3/2, may be advantageous. The smaller the difference between the CTE of the inorganic core material and the (particle) coating material, the smaller the mismatch and the longer the lifetime of the (particle) luminescent material. Furthermore, the more spherical shape of one of the particles will reduce the chance of cracking. The remaining voids in the large porous particles (which are not filled with a small volume of polymeric material containing QD) can help prevent cracking in the encapsulated coating because it provides that the polymeric material can expand into it without applying force One volume on the matrix material or encapsulation. It is not necessary to use an inorganic material (such as in the form of a coating or matrix) to encapsulate the inorganic body or core material, but an organic material (organic coating or matrix) may also be used to encapsulate the inorganic body. Thus, in general, the first material layer (if available) encapsulating the core of the porous inorganic material has a CTE different from the core of the porous inorganic material (which has a ratio of 1/5 to 5, especially 1/3 to 3 (such as 2) One of the factors in the range of /3 to 3/2) CTE. For example, the core can be alumina and the encapsulant can be alumina or an epoxy or acrylate having a low CTE. Thus, in some embodiments, the procedure further comprises applying an encapsulation to the particles obtained after curing or polymerization. Likewise, the invention therefore also provides for encapsulating a particle luminescent material in which one of the particles comprises at least a portion of the encapsulated particles (i.e., at least partially encapsulated core). In particular, the encapsulation comprises an inorganic coating, and even more particularly, the encapsulation comprises a coating comprising at least one layer in contact with the core entity, wherein the layer consists essentially of an inorganic material, And even more specifically consists of the same inorganic material as the core. Therefore, the (particle) inorganic host includes, inter alia, porous ceria, porous alumina, porous glass, porous zirconia (ZrO)₂ Or porous titanium oxide, and the coatings (at least) respectively comprise a ceria coating, an alumina coating, a glass coating (glass of the same type), a zirconia coating or a titanium oxide coating. In the case where the particles are not coated, the particles themselves are in fact a porous core. Thus, the term "core" or "porous core" as used herein, in particular, refers to (still) uncoated or encapsulated or (still) uncoated and encapsulated porous particles. In particular, a coating can enclose at least 50%, even more to at least 80%, and especially even more to at least 95% (such as 100%) of the entire outer surface area (A) of the particles. Therefore, the particles can be completely enclosed by a casing. The term outer casing does not necessarily mean a spherical outer casing; the outer casing may also be non-spherical (see also below). Here, encapsulation may refer to a coating (such as a single layer coating or a multilayer coating). The coating encloses at least a portion of the particles, particularly the entire particle (i.e., an outer casing enclosing core). In this manner, the quantum dots are substantially shielded from the environment by a first protective line that polymerizes the host material and by a second protective line that forms an envelope around the core. The core can be spherical, but it does not have to be spherical. Therefore, the outer casing does not have to be spherical. For example, the porous material filled with the QD in the host material may be egg-like shaped, and the outer casing may thus have the shape of an eggshell. In particular, the coating comprises an inorganic material. In an embodiment, the coating consists of an inorganic material. In a particular embodiment, the procedure includes the use of an inorganic coating (typically a metal oxide coating such as selected from the group consisting of cerium-containing oxides, aluminum-containing oxides, zirconium-containing oxides, glass, titanium-containing oxides, including The group of cerium oxide and cerium-containing oxides is (at least partially) coated with particles to provide encapsulation. Here, the term "cerium-containing oxide" may mean a cerium-containing oxide such as a cerium salt such as SiO.₄ ^4- Base oxide, SiO₃ ^2- Base oxide, Si₄ O₁₀ ^4- Oxide, etc., but in particular, it also refers to SiO₂ (cerium oxide). Examples are (for example) Mg₂ SiO₄ , Mg₃ (OH)₂ Si₄ O₁₀ And therefore SiO₂ . The term "aluminum oxide-containing" may mean an aluminum-containing oxide such as an aluminate such as MgAl.₂ O₄ BaMgAl₁₀ O₁₇ , Y₃ Al₅ O₁₂ And especially Al₂ O₃ . The term "titanium-containing oxide" may mean a titanium-containing oxide such as titanate such as Ba.₂ TiO₄ CaTiO₃ But also refers to Li₂ TiO₃ And especially TiO₂ . In other embodiments, the inorganic coating is selected from the group consisting of indium metal oxide coatings, such as selected from the group consisting of a coatable indium tin oxide (ITO) coating and an indium zinc oxide coating. In other embodiments, the coating comprises a coating selected from the group consisting of zirconia (ZrO)₂ And tin oxide (SnO)₂ (SNO) A group of coating compositions. In particular, the coating (as an encapsulated embodiment) is selected from one or more of the group consisting of cerium oxide, aluminum oxide, ITO, and SNO. Combinations of such materials as described above or multilayer coatings comprising layers of different compositions may also be applied. Examples of glass are, for example, borate glass, phosphate glass, borosilicate glass, and the like. Alternatively or additionally, an organic coating such as a parylene coating ((chemical vapor deposition) polymer coating) or a polyvinyl alcohol (PVC) coating may be applied. . The coating may comprise a single layer coating or a multilayer coating. The multilayer coating can include a plurality of different layers stacked to each other. In an embodiment, one or more of the layers are inorganic material layers. Alternatively or additionally, in an embodiment, one or more of the layers are organic material layers. In a particular embodiment, a first layer includes an organic (material) layer that can be applied to the particles relatively easily, and a second layer (further away from the core) includes an inorganic (material) layer. In particular, the inorganic material layer is applied because these inorganic material layers give the best seal encapsulation and give the best CTE match. The coating(s) can be applied in a single vapor phase process (e.g., using a fluid bed reactor). In a particular embodiment, the program includes providing encapsulation by coating the particles by atomic layer deposition (ALD) (at least in part) (multilayer) in a vapor phase process, particularly a fluid bed reactor. As is known in the art, atomic layer deposition is a thin film deposition technique based, inter alia, on the sequential use of a vapor phase chemical process. Most ALD reactions use two chemicals (often referred to as precursors). These precursors react with a surface once in a sequential self-limiting manner. Specifically, a film is deposited by repeatedly exposing the precursor to the growth surface. Several ALD methods are known in the art, such as plasma enhanced ALD or thermally assisted ALD. An example of a suitable procedure is described in WO2010100235A1, which is incorporated herein by reference. However, a coating method other than ALD can also be applied. Powder ALD is known in the art. Wet chemical growth of metal oxide coatings, such as cerium oxide coatings, can be achieved, for example, by sol-gel chemistry or by alternative precipitation methods. The inorganic inorganic surface of the metal oxide particles is a suitable starting point for further growth of the metal oxide shell by sol-gel chemistry. For example, a cerium oxide coating around the porous cerium oxide particles can be achieved by adding a cerium oxide precursor such as TEOS (tetraethyl orthosilicate) to the aqueous medium (also known as the Stöber program). Can be done in both acidic and alkaline environments). Preferably, the chemical growth of the inorganic encapsulating layer is performed in a water insoluble medium. In other examples, it may be desirable to first provide an organic coating to the particles (first coating) and then apply a (several) wet chemically grown metal oxide coating to prevent exposure of the QD to water. However, other coating procedures such as, for example, coated particles described in WO2010/100235 can also be applied. Chemical vapor deposition and/or atomic layer deposition may be applied to provide a (multilayer) coating. Thus, in a particular embodiment, the invention also provides for applying an encapsulation to particles obtained after curing or polymerization, wherein the process comprises coating the particles by multiple layers, especially in a gas phase process, especially using a a fluid bed reactor to provide encapsulation, wherein the multilayer coating thus obtained comprises a first coating in contact with the core, wherein in a particular embodiment the first coating comprises an organic polymer coating, and wherein The multilayer coating includes a second coating that is further from the core relative to the first coating, and wherein the second coating comprises an inorganic coating. Accordingly, the present invention also provides a particle luminescent material comprising a particle having a core of a porous inorganic material, the porous inorganic material core having pores at least partially filled with a polymeric material embedded therein, wherein the core system utilizes a coating The layer, in particular a multi-layer coating, is encapsulated. In an alternative embodiment, the multilayer coating thus obtained comprises a first coating in contact with the core, wherein in a particular embodiment, the first coating comprises an inorganic coating, and wherein the multiple coating comprises The second coating is further away from the core relative to the first coating, and wherein the second coating comprises an organic polymer coating. One of the advantages may be that it is relatively easy to apply an inorganic coating to the particles (core) due to chemical matching. This may especially be the case when the core of the inorganic material has the same lattice constant as the coating and/or consists essentially of the same elements as the coating. Therefore, when an inorganic coating is applied, the inorganic material core can be used as a basis for the growth of the inorganic coating material. As indicated above, the first coating is in particular in contact with the core over at least 50% of the surface area of the core, even more particularly to at least 95%, such as 100% of the entire outer surface area (A) of the particles (or core). Thus, in one embodiment, the multilayer coating thus obtained comprises an organic polymer coating and an inorganic coating. The multilayer coating may thus comprise one or more inorganic coatings (i.e., coating layers) and one or more organic coatings (i.e., coating layers) that alternate and alternately form alternating inorganic and organic layers. One of the stacks. The (multilayer) coating may in particular have a thickness in the range from 10 nm to 10 μm, such as in particular from 50 nm to 2 μm. In general, the coating thickness is less than the particle diameter. Using a coating procedure, particles comprising a core and an outer shell are obtained. The outer casing can have a thickness of at least 10 nm (eg, at least 50 nm) (see above). The outer casing may in particular comprise an inorganic layer. The core includes luminescent nanoparticle. However, the outer casing does not substantially include such particles. Thus, porous inorganic particles can be provided in which the luminescent nanoparticles are present in the pores, and wherein the porous particles are enclosed by (substantially) not including one of the luminescent nanoparticles. In particular, the thickness of the outer casing is at least 10 nm. However, such particles can be embedded in a matrix (see also below). Alternatively or additionally, the invention also provides a (particle) luminescent material (an embodiment of an encapsulation) embedded in a matrix. The substrate is in particular a body or layer, such as a self-supporting layer, wherein a plurality of particles (with inorganic (porous) cores and luminescent nanoparticles within the pores) are available within the matrix. For example, such particles can be dispersed therein. This matrix can be a waveguide or have wave guiding properties (see also below). Accordingly, a process is also provided in a further aspect of the invention wherein the program (further) comprises providing encapsulation by embedding the particles in a light transmissive (solid) matrix. Furthermore, the invention thus provides a wavelength converter comprising a light transmissive (solid) substrate having one of the particle luminescent materials. The substrate may comprise one or more materials selected from the group consisting of a light-transmissive organic material support, such as selected from the group consisting of PE (polyethylene), PP (polypropylene), PEN (polyethylene) Naphthalene), PC (polycarbonate), polymethyl acrylate (PMA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) (Plexiglas or Perse plexiglass), cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB), polyoxyl (especially such as polymethylphenyl polyfluorene), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), (PETG) (modified with ethylene glycol) Polyethylene terephthalate), PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) and COC (cycloolefin copolymer). However, in another embodiment, the substrate (material) may comprise an inorganic material. Preferred inorganic materials are selected from the group consisting of (low melting point) glass, (fused) quartz, and light transmissive ceramic materials. A mixed material including both an inorganic portion and an organic portion can also be applied. Particularly preferred is polyoxynium oxide, PMMA, epoxy resin, PET, transparent PC or glass as a material for the matrix (material). Note that one or more of the above materials selected from the group consisting of a light-transmissive organic material support may also be applied as a polymeric material having luminescent quantum dots in the pores. Thus, a precursor for this material can also be applied as a curable or polymerizable precursor for a polymeric material in which the quantum dots can be embedded in the pores of the inorganic core. When the substrate comprises a polymeric matrix, the polymeric matrix can be substantially the same as the polymeric material embedded in the pores of the quantum dots. However, in another embodiment, one of the curable or polymerizable precursors that are substantially different from the ones that are cured or polymerized within the pores of the porous material can be used in the presence of the particulate luminescent material to be curable or polymerizable. The precursor produces a polymeric matrix (see further below). Thus, the materials used to polymerize the matrix can be more freely selected using the present invention. In particular, the encapsulation (particle) luminescent material is encapsulated. As used herein, "encapsulated" may refer to a specific element or compound (eg, oxygen (O).₂ Protection of (such as in the form of air) and / or water). In an embodiment, the encapsulation may be complete (also referred to herein as complete encapsulation). In particular, in one embodiment, the particulate luminescent material is at least partially encapsulated by a material that is substantially impermeable to oxygen. In one embodiment, the particulate luminescent material is at least partially encapsulated by a material that is substantially impermeable to moisture (eg, water). In one embodiment, the particulate luminescent material is at least partially encapsulated by a material that is substantially impermeable to air. In one embodiment, the particulate luminescent material is at least partially encapsulated by a material that is substantially impermeable to oxygen and moisture. In another embodiment, the particulate luminescent material is completely encapsulated by a material that is substantially impermeable to one or more of oxygen and moisture. As indicated above, the inclusion of at least one of the inorganic coatings may be beneficial for this protection. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, it is possible to combine one of two or more capsules, such as one of the particles encapsulated with a coating (such as a multilayer coating) embedded in a matrix. Particle luminescent material. Thus, the program may also include one or more of (i) providing encapsulation (to the particle luminescent material) by embedding the particles in a light transmissive solid substrate, and (ii) by (at least partially) coating The cloth particles and then the particles are embedded in a light transmissive solid matrix to provide encapsulation. At least a portion of the encapsulation can transmit light (particularly visible) and thereby will allow the excitation light to reach the wavelength converter nanoparticle and allow the emitted light therefrom (at least visible) to escape from the encapsulated wavelength converter. In particular, the encapsulation (such as a matrix material) is transmissive to light having a wavelength selected from one of the range of 380 nm to 750 nm. For example, the matrix material can transmit blue and/or green and/or red light. In particular, the encapsulation (such as a matrix material) is at least transmissive for the entire range of 420 nm to 680 nm. In particular, the encapsulation (such as a matrix material) may be in the range of 50% to 100% for light generated by a light source of the illumination unit (see also below) and having a wavelength selected from one of the visible wavelength ranges, in particular One of the ranges of 70% to 100% is light transmissive. In this way, the encapsulation, such as a matrix material, is transmissive to light from the illumination unit. The intensity of the light having a particular wavelength of one of the first intensities is provided to the material and the intensity of the light of the wavelength is measured after transmission through the material and the first intensity of light provided to the particular wavelength of the material Correlation is made to determine transmission or light transmission (see also CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, E-208 and E-406, 69th edition, pages 1088-1989). The wavelength converter can be transparent or translucent, but can be especially transparent. When the wavelength converter is transmissive, the light from the source can be completely absorbed by the wavelength converter. In particular, this may be preferred when using blue light, as blue light can be used to excite the luminescent material and can be used to provide a blue component (in white light). Accordingly, the present invention also provides a wavelength converter comprising a light transmissive solid substrate having one of the (particle) luminescent materials defined therein or obtainable by a procedure as defined herein. The term "particle" luminescent material refers to a luminescent material comprising one of the particles. In the present invention, the particles will comprise an inorganic body which, in general, will not be designed to emit light, although this is not excluded. The body includes pores at least partially filled with a polymeric material. The polymeric material contains nanoparticles, especially QD, embedded therein. Thus, the pores include QDs that may be not only at the surface of the pores, but rather may be primarily dispersed over the polymer within the pores. In this context, particle luminescent materials are also indicated as "composite particles." As indicated above, the inorganic host particles can thus be used after impregnation with quantum dots and after curing and/or polymerization. In this example, the particles do not have a coating. However, also in these embodiments, the term "core" is applied, however the particles may consist entirely of this core. Optionally encapsulate the particles. This can be a coating, that is, in principle each particle can comprise a coating around the core: core-coating particles. However, the particles may also be embedded in a matrix, such as a film or body: the matrix capsule encloses a plurality of (optionally coated) cores. In each of these embodiments and variations, the core pores enclose the quantum dots. The (particle) inorganic material body includes, inter alia, porous cerium oxide, porous alumina, porous glass, porous zirconia (ZrO)₂ And porous titanium oxide. In still another embodiment, the (particle) inorganic material body includes, in particular, cerium carbide (SiC), hydrotalcite, talc (saponite), cordierite (magnesium iron aluminum cyclosilicate), and Cerium oxide (bismuth pentoxide). Thus, in yet another embodiment, the (particle) inorganic body comprises a porous glass. Examples of glass are, for example, borate glass, phosphate glass, borosilicate glass, and the like. Examples of porous glass are, for example, Vycor^® Glass, such as, for example, porous glass 7930, however other porous glasses may be employed. Note that in one embodiment, the particles of a particulate porous inorganic material (ie, an inorganic host) may comprise a combination of one of different types of particles. This may include one or more different types of particle sizes (such as bimodal or multimodal particle size distributions) and chemically different types of particles (such as a combination of porous ceria and porous alumina). The particle size is in particular in the range from 0.05 μm to 50 μm, such as in the range from 0.1 μm to 10 μm. The particle size can be defined in particular as the size of the pores perpendicular to a pore axis. For example, the particle size can be width or height or diameter. As is known to those skilled in the art, the pore size can be determined, inter alia, by mercury porosimetry (especially for larger pores) and gas absorption/desorption (for smaller pores). The pores may have various shapes such as a groove shape, an ink kettle shape, and a slit shape. The pores can be interconnected. The average pore size is especially in the range of 0.05 μm to 50 μm, such as in the range of 0.1 μm to 10 μm. Further, the particle size may be generally in the range of 0.5 μm to 800 μm (such as 1 μm to 500 μm), especially in the range of 2 μm to 20 μm (e.g., 2 μm to 10 μm). Here, particle size refers in particular to (such as, for example, SEM analysis and optical estimation of particle size, or using a Malvern particle size analyzer or other laser-based particle size analysis) ) The number average particle size. Particle size can also be derived from microscopic measurements (such as with SEM). In particular, the average particle size may be generally in the range of 0.5 μm to 800 μm, such as 1 μm to 500 μm, especially in the range of 2 μm to 20 μm, such as 2 μm to 10 μm. Therefore, the particles herein are also indicated as microparticles. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the pore size (generally) will be less than the particle size. In general, the average pore size is also less than the average particle size. With the present invention, a quantum dot-based microparticle material having good illumination properties can be provided for the first time. Thus, the present luminescent material can be used in conventional procedures, such as treatment in one of the LED dies or in a matrix of one of the LED domes (eg, in a fluorescent lamp) One of the coating materials in the coating. In particular, the porous inorganic particles are rounded particles, especially good rounded particles, such as substantially spherical particles. This may be advantageous in view of the processing of the particles, such as when coating one of the particles comprising the particles on a transmission window of one of the illumination devices, such as a T8 tube (commonly known as one of the lighting techniques). In addition, the rounded shape of the porous inorganic particles can also promote the formation of a complete and uniform coating therein (if available) and reduce the chance of crack formation at the particle/coating interface. In particular, the number average circularity is greater than 0.92, especially greater than 0.95, such as at least 0.98. Here, the roundness is defined as 4πA/P² Where the surface area of the A-line particles (assuming the pores are closed) and P is the circumference thereof. The roundness is a ratio of the circumference of one of the circles of the same area to the particles. Thus, luminescent materials that are very well treated can be produced based on well-defined porous particles, such as porous cerium oxide particles. In a specific embodiment, the porous inorganic material comprises one or more of the above materials, such as one or more of porous cerium oxide, porous alumina, porous glass, porous titanium oxide, and the pores have a The average pore size (dp) in the range of μm to 10 μm, and the precursor includes a curable acrylate. In particular, acrylates (but also polyoxygen) work well to embed QD. The porous inorganic material or core may comprise an outer layer comprising one of the filling openings prior to filling and applying or selective coating. The particles may, for example, comprise an outer layer comprising the same but more dense material as the core material and/or the outer layer may comprise a coating. This coating blocks portions of the pores. In embodiments where the coating blocks portions of the pores, the coating will also include filled holes. The total area of the fill holes in the outer layer or coating may comprise from 5% to 95% of the total outer surface area (A) of the core, such as from 20% to 80% of the area. Such porous inorganic particles having an outer layer are commercially available from Vitrabio-Biosearch/VitraBio GmbH as Trisoperl particles. Accordingly, in particular, the invention also provides a luminescent material as defined herein, wherein the particles comprise one of at least a portion of the encapsulated core, wherein the porous inorganic material comprises porous cerium oxide, porous alumina, One or more of porous glass, porous zirconia, and porous titanium oxide, wherein the pores have an average pore size (dp) in the range of 0.1 μm to 10 μm, and wherein the polymeric material includes, in particular, acrylate, polyfluorene One or more of an oxygen or epoxy type polymer (or polyoxyn type polymer), and wherein the encapsulation comprises, inter alia, an inorganic coating. As indicated above, as for CTE matching, an inorganic coating in combination with an inorganic core may have advantages, however, suitable organic coatings in view of CTE may also be found. Furthermore, this inorganic coating can be applied to the core relatively simply. Furthermore, as indicated above, the inorganic coating may be relatively permeable to water and/or gas. Alternatively, especially when the CTE difference is less than one factor in the range of 1/5 to 5 (i.e., when the CTE of the inorganic core material is divided by the CTE of the coating material in the range of 1/5 to 5), It is also possible to apply an organic coating in combination with an inorganic core. These pores are at least partially filled with a first liquid (curable ink). In particular, the pores may be substantially filled with a first liquid. The impregnation can be applied in accordance with the initial wetting technique. Alternatively (or additionally), after impregnation, the impregnated particles and the remaining first liquid are separated from one another. However, in the case of initial wetting, the remaining first liquid may be substantially zero, as in the initial wetting technique, the volume of the first liquid will be selected to be substantially equal to the pore volume. Thus, in an embodiment, the impregnation is applied in accordance with the initial wetting technique, or after impregnation, the impregnated particles and the remaining first liquid are separated from one another. In a further embodiment, the particles are subjected to sub-atmospheric pressure prior to impregnation. This promotes the infiltration of the precursor (liquid) with QD into the pores. The gas is removed by sub-atmospheric pressure to make the filling more complete. Alternatively or additionally, the pores of the porous inorganic material are hydrophobic. For example, the pores may be coated with decane. One method for hydrophobizing the inner pore surface is, for example, by applying a hydrophobic decane monolayer. These monolayers consist of a reactive inorganic head group covalently bonded to one of the (enamel) surfaces and an organic tail self-organized to form one of the hydrocarbon chains. Because such coatings are only one monolayer thick, they are equal in size to a thickness of no more than a few nm, such as, for example, less than 10 nm. Alternatively or additionally, a polytetrafluoroethylene coating can be applied. Alternatively or additionally, the impregnation may be (further) promoted by subjecting the particles to a high pressure (such as 1.2 bar or higher) upon and/or after contact with the precursor (liquid) prior to having the QD. As indicated above, the polymeric material possessing QD can be obtained by curing or polymerizing a curable or polymerizable precursor within the pores of the porous material. Therefore, curing can be initiated by introducing a curable precursor. Alternatively (or additionally), a polymerizable precursor can be introduced to initiate polymerization. The liquid may thus comprise luminescent quantum dots and a curable or polymerizable precursor. The liquid may therefore (generally) be not a solvent, but in an embodiment may consist essentially of luminescent quantum dots and curable or polymerizable precursors and optionally other materials, with other materials being selected as appropriate. A group of free particle materials and inorganic materials such as particulate inorganic materials such as scattering materials or inorganic particle luminescent materials. In other embodiments, other materials may be included to include a dye (see also below). In some areas, polymerization is also considered to be cured. Here, curing especially means crosslinking. For example, the polymerizable precursor can include a polymerizable monomer. In this example, the polymeric material having QD in the pores is based on a free radical polymerizable monomer. The phrase "wherein the polymeric (host) material is based on a radical polymerizable monomer" may especially indicate that the polymeric host material can be obtained by a reactive monomer capable of forming a polymer by free radical polymerization. A non-limiting number of examples of such polymers are mentioned below, and those skilled in the art can derive from them the monomers that can be used (i.e., monomer precursors) (see also below). This monomer therefore in particular comprises one or more free radical polymerizable groups (which can be used for the polymerization with a photoinitiator after irradiation). In an embodiment, such monomers may comprise different types of monomers. Specifically, the radical polymerizable monomer is selected from the group consisting of an ethylene monomer, an acrylate monomer, and a combination of a thiol and a diene. For example, examples of monomers which can be polymerized by a free radical polymerization process, as derived from WO 03/093328, include, but are not limited to, alpha-olefins; dienes such as butadiene and chloroprene; styrene , α-methyl styrene and the like; hetero atom-substituted α-olefin (for example, vinyl acetate), vinyl alkyl ether (for example, ethyl vinyl ether), vinyl trimethyl decane, vinyl chloride , tetrafluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, N-(3-dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide), dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide, acrylamide, methacryl Amines and similar derivatives; acrylic acid and derivatives (eg, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid), crotonic acid, acrylonitrile, acrylates substituted with methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy groups and similar derivatives (eg, methyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, methyl crotonate, glycidyl methacrylate, alkyl crotonate and related esters); cyclic olefins and polycyclic olefin compounds (eg, cyclopentene, cyclohexene, cycloheptene, cyclooctene, and cyclic derivatives up to C20) Polycyclic derivatives (for example, norbornene and derivatives up to C20); cyclic vinyl ethers (for example, 2,3-dihydrofuran, 3,4-dihydrofuran and similar derivatives); An alcohol derivative (for example, ethyl vinyl carbonate), a disubstituted olefin such as maleic acid and a fumaric acid compound (for example, maleic anhydride, diethyl fumaric acid, and the like); a mixture of such. Additional examples of monomers include, but are not limited to, allyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, 1,3-butanediol dimethacrylate, as derived from, for example, WO 2011/031871. 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, butyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate Ester, di-p-phenol-A ethoxy diacrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl ester, hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, A Lauryl acrylate, methacrylic acid, methyl acrylate, 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentyl acrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl 2-Methyl acrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, acrylamide, n, n, -methylene-polyacrylaldehyde-decyl phenyl acrylate and divinylbenzene. Many of these types of monomers are acrylate systems. Thus, the term "acrylate" can refer to any of the above systems, such as acrylate, methyl acrylate (methacrylate), butyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, and the like. Likewise, an ethylene monomer can refer to any monomer that includes a vinyl group. The term "wherein the polymeric (host) material is based on a free-radically polymerizable monomer" does not exclude, for example, the presence of, for example, a crosslinking agent in the monomer starting material. See the following for the synthesis of wavelength converters. In principle, the polymer obtained can be any polymer, such as linear polymers, (highly) branched polymers, crosslinked polymers, star polymers, dendrimers, random copolymers, alternating copolymers, Branch copolymers, block copolymers and terpolymers. In an embodiment, the polymeric (host) material can be or include a resin. In particular, the use of such free radical polymerizable monomers results in a light transmissive polymer. In an embodiment of the invention, (light transmitting polymer) is a polymer exhibiting high light transmission. Preferably, in the wavelength region from 400 nm to 700 nm, an average absorption preference of less than 5%/mm is less than 2%/mm, especially less than 1%/mm (per mm polymer thickness). Thus, in one embodiment, the first polymer has less than 5%/mm in the wavelength range from 400 nm to 700 nm, more preferably less than 2%/mm, and most prefers less than 1%/mm absorption. Note that the transmission and absorption of the polymer is with respect to the polymer itself (i.e., the polymeric (host) material) and is not related to the transmission of the wavelength converter (i.e., comprising the wavelength converter nanoparticle). In particular, the maximum absorption of (polymer) in the entire wavelength region from 400 nm to 700 nm is less than 20%/mm, even more particularly less than 10%/mm. The relationship between transmission (T) and absorption (A) is A = 1 - To / Ti, where Ti is irradiated to the intensity of visible light on a item such as a polymer or a converter, and To is in the other item of the item. The intensity of light that escapes at one side. The intensity of the light having a particular wavelength of one of the first intensities is provided to the material and the intensity of the light of the wavelength is measured after transmission through the material and the first intensity of light provided to the particular wavelength of the material Correlation is made to determine transmission or light transmission (see also CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, E-208 and E-406, 69th edition, pages 1088-1989). Examples of polymers are, for example, and not limited to, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene oxide, polyoxyalkylene, polyphenylene, polythiophene, as derived from, for example, WO 2011/031871. Poly(vinylphenyl), polydecane, polyethylene terephthalate and poly(phenylene acetylene), polymethyl methacrylate, polylauryl methacrylate, polycarbonate, epoxy resin and other rings Oxygen resin. Some of these types of polymers are acrylate systems as already described with respect to the monomers. Thus, the term "polyacrylate" can refer to any of these systems, such as polyacrylates, polymethacrylates (polymethyl acrylate), polybutyl acrylate, polylauryl methacrylate, and the like. Likewise, an ethylene polymer may refer to any polymer based on a monomer including a vinyl group, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or the like. The polymeric (host) material is especially selected from the group consisting of polyethylene polymers (such as polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.), polyacrylic acid, in view of light transmission and/or chemical stability and/or production process considerations. Ester polymers (such as polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polylauryl methacrylate, etc.) and thiol-ene polymers (such as polythiophenes). The term "radical starter-based material" means the remainder of a free radical starter that can be found or evaluated from a combined polymeric (host) material. The free radical initiator-based material may comprise an unreacted free radical initiator, but also a reacted free radical initiator. If a radical initiator is consumed, it refers to a group derived from the polymeric (host) material of the radical initiator. In one embodiment, the term "radical initiator" can refer to a plurality of different radical initiators. Free radical polymerization processes are well known and involve reactions initiated by the formation of a free radical from a free radical generator (e.g., a peroxide or an azo initiator). A reaction is initiated by adding a free radical to a subsequent addition of one of the unsaturated monomer molecules of the additional unsaturated monomer to form a growing chain or polymer in a stepwise manner. Examples of free radical initiators include, but are not limited to, the following: derived from, for example, WO 03/093328: organic peroxides, such as: t-alkyl peroxyester, Tertiary butyl peroxybenzoate, butyl peroxyacetate, tert-butyl peroxypivalate, butyl peroxybutylate, monoperoxycarbonate , OO-tertiary butyl O-isopropyl peroxycarbonate, diperoxyketal, 3,3-bis-(peroxytris-pentyl)-butyric acid ethyl ester, 4,4-double (peroxygen) Tert-butyl butyl)-n-butyl valerate, 1,1-bis(peroxytributyl)-cyclohexane, 1,1-bis(peroxytris-pentyl)-cyclohexane, dioxane Peroxide, 2,5-bis(peroxytributyl)-2,5-dimethyl-3-acetylene, 2,5-bis(peroxytributyl)-2,5-di Methyl ethane, bis-tertiary pentyl peroxide, bis-tertiary butyl peroxide, bisisophenyl propyl peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, tertiary butyl hydroperoxide , tertiary pentyl hydroperoxide, α-cumyl hydroperoxide, ketone peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, 2,4- Ethylene oxide acetone, isobutyl sulfoxide, isopropyl peroxydicarbonate, n-butyl bis-peroxydicarbonate, butyl bis-peroxydicarbonate, tertiary butyl peroxy neodecanoate, Dioctyl peroxide, dioxane peroxide, dipropene peroxide, dioxane peroxide, dipropene peroxide, dilaurin peroxide, tertiary butyl peroxyisobutyrate, peracetic acid Butyl butyl ester, per-, 5,5-trimethylacetic acid tert-butyl butyl ester; azo compound, such as: 2,2'-azobis[4-methoxy-2,4-dimethyl]pentane Alkane, 2,3'-azobis[2,4-dimethyl]pentane, 2,2'-azobis[isobutyronitrile]; carbon-carbon initiator, such as: 2,3-di Methyl-2,3-diphenylbutane, 3,4-dimethyl-3,4-diphenylhexane, 1,1,2,2-tetraphenyl-1,2-bis(trimethyl) Methoxyalkoxy)ethane; inorganic peroxides such as: hydrogen peroxide, potassium peroxodisulfate; photoinitiators such as benzophenone 4-phenylbenzophenone, thioxanthone (xanthone) Thioxanthone), 2-chlorothioxanthone, 4,4'-bis(N,N'-dimethylaminobenzophenone), benzyl, 9,10-phenanthrenequinone, 9,10-fluorene, α,α-dimethyl-α-hydroxyacetophenone, (1-hydroxycyclohexyl) )-Phenyl ketone, benzoin ether (such as methyl, ethyl, isobutyl, benzoin ether), α,α-dimethoxy-α-phenylacetophenone, 1-phenyl-1,2 -propylenedione, 2-(O-benzhydrazide) fluorene, diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzylidene) phosphine oxide, α-dimethylamino-α-ethyl- --Benzyl-3,5-dimethyl-4-morpholinylacetophenone and the like. There are generally two classes of photoinitiators, as may be derived, for example, from WO 2011/031871. In the first category, the chemical undergoes bond cleavage to generate free radicals. Examples of such photoinitiators include benzoin ether, benzyl ketal, a-alkoxy-acetophenone, a-amino-phenylalkyl ketone, and mercaptophosphine oxide. The second class of photoinitiators is characterized by a bimolecular reaction in which the photoinitiator reacts with the co-initiator to form free radicals. Examples of this are benzophenone/amine, thioxanthone/amine and titanocene (visible light). One non-exhaustive list of specific examples of photoinitiators that may be used for photopolymerizable monomers for particle preparation includes the following from CIBA: IRGACURE 184 (1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl-one) , DAROCUR 1173 (2-hydroxy-2-methyl-l-phenyl-1-propanone), IRGACURE 2959 (2-hydroxy-l-[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl]-2-methyl Base-1-propanone), DAROCUR MBF (methyl benzoic acid methyl ester), IRGACURE 754 (oxy-phenyl-acetic acid 2-[2 oxo-2-phenyl-ethoxycarbonyl-ethoxy]-B Ester and oxy-phenyl-acetic acid 2-[2-hydroxy-ethoxy]-ethyl ester), IRGACURE 651 α, (α-dimethoxy-α-phenylacetophenone), IRGACURE 369 (2 -benzyl-2-(dimethylamino)-l-[4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]-l-butanone), IRGACURE 907 (2-methyl-l-[4-( Methylthio)phenyl]-2-(4-morpholinyl)-l-acetone), DAROCUR TPO (diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzylidene)phosphine oxide), IRGACURE 819 (phosphine oxide, phenyl bis(BAPO) (2,4,6-trimethylbenzhydrazide)), IRGACURE 784 (bis(η5-2,4-cyclopentadienyl-l-yl) double [ 2,6-Difluoro-3-(lH-pyrrole-l-yl)phenyl]titanium), IRGACURE 250 (iodine, (4-methylphenyl)[4-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl ]-hexafluoro Phosphate (l-)). An example of a hot starter is benzamidine peroxide and azoisobutyronitrile (AIBN) (see also below). Additionally or alternatively to this azo initiator, a peroxide initiator can also be used. Additionally or alternatively to this initiator, a photoinitiator such as alpha, alpha-dimethoxy-alpha-phenylacetophenone may also be used. The polymerization can be initiated by heating or irradiating the free-radically polymerisable polymer, especially by (at least partially) irradiating the radical polymerizable monomer. In particular, the polymerization reaction can be photochemically initiated after irradiation with high energy rays (such as UV, X-ray, gamma rays, electrons). If substantially free of free radical (photo) initiators, the polymerization can be initiated by (for example, UV) illuminating the mixture (containing free radical polymerizable monomers). In some cases, it may be desirable to heat the mixture beyond the glass transition temperature of the system to achieve complete polymerization. When the polymerization begins, the temperature can again be lowered below the glass transition temperature; after termination, in some embodiments, the wavelength converter thus obtained can be cooled to below the glass transition temperature. However, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, other methods can be applied. In particular, during the polymerization, the temperature will not be higher than the boiling point of the monomer(s) used. Preferably, the partial pressure of oxygen above the mixture can be substantially reduced prior to the onset of polymerization (substantially). For example, the mixture is provided under a low oxygen atmosphere, or the oxygen partial pressure is lowered after the mixture is provided but before the polymerization. In one embodiment, the polymerization occurs in a low oxygen environment, such as a nesting work box. In particular, inert gases such as Ar, CO can be applied.₂ Or N₂ One or more. Alternatively, the polymerization can occur under reduced pressure. Alternatively, the amount of oxygen in the gas above the mixture (at least during the polymerization) is less than 1 ppm, such as less than 0.2 ppm. Thus, the method can include, inter alia, polymerizing the free-radically polymerizable monomer while maintaining the mixture in an inert gas atmosphere. An alternative polymer can be polyoxo, such as, in particular, polymethyl phenyl phenyl polyoxyl, PDMS, polysesquioxane or other types of polyoxyalkylene compounds. Thus, the precursor may also include a polymerizable polyfluorene precursor. For example, rhodium hydrogenation with a Pt catalyst can be applied. In one embodiment, a curable epoxy polyoxyxide product can be made despite the hydrogenation reaction between the ethylenically unsaturated epoxide and the SiH-containing polyfluorene oxide. This can be catalyzed by quaternary ammonium, phosphonium or hexahaloplatinate. In a particular embodiment, the precursor comprises a precursor of a decane (polyoxane). In particular, polyoxymethylene can be, for example, optical grade commercial (polymerizable or curable) polyfluorene available from, for example, Dow, Shinetsu or Wacker. Further, for example, for epoxidation or urethane, addition polymerization can be an option. Other mechanisms of polymerization are UV, heat (with or without catalyst), and the like. For example, the curable precursor can include a curable polymer. In this example, the polymeric material having QD within the pores can be based on a curable polymer. For example, a liquid polymer (within the pores) can be converted to a solid or gel by crosslinking the polymer chains together. Examples of crosslinkable liquid polymers are described, for example, in EP 0246875, in which a thiol terminal liquid polymer having a crosslinking component is crosslinked. In another embodiment, the polyfluorene oxide is curable. As indicated above, the luminescent material generally comprises particles having a polymeric material having luminescent quantum dots within their iso-pores. The term "quantum dot" or "luminescent quantum dot" may also indicate a combination of different types of quantum dots (ie, quantum dots having different spectral properties). In this paper, QD is also indicated as "wavelength converter nanoparticle". A quantum dot or luminescent nanoparticle as indicated herein as a wavelength converter nanoparticle can, for example, comprise a Group II-VI compound semiconductor quantum dot selected from the group consisting of: a core-shell quantum dot, wherein the core Select from the group consisting of CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, HgSTe, CdZnS, CdZnSe, CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HgZnTe, CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe, and HgZnSTe. In another embodiment, the luminescent nanoparticles can, for example, be selected from the group consisting of Group III-V compound semiconductor quantum dots (core-shell quantum dots, wherein the core is selected from the group consisting of: Groups) GaN, GaP, GaAs, AlN, AlP, AlAs, InN, InP, InGaP, InAs, GaNP, GaNAs, GaPAs, AlNP, AlNAs, AlPAs, InNP, InNAs, InPAs, GaAlNP, GaAlNAs, GaAlPAs, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInPAs, InAlNP, InAlNAs, and InAlPAs. In yet a further embodiment, the luminescent nanoparticle can be, for example, selected from the group consisting of I-III-VI2 chalcopyrite semiconductor quantum dots (core-shell quantum dots, wherein the core is selected) Free group of each of the following) CuInS₂ , CuInSe₂ , CuGaS₂ , CuGaSe₂ , AgInS₂ , AgInSe₂ , AgGaS₂ And AgGaSe₂ . In yet a further embodiment, the luminescent nanoparticle can be, for example, a system (core-shell quantum dots, wherein the core is selected from the group consisting of) IV-VI2 semiconductor quantum dots, such as selected from the group consisting of: Group (core-shell quantum dots, where the core is selected from the group consisting of LiAsSe)₂ NaAsSe₂ And KAsSe₂ . In yet a further embodiment, the luminescent nanoparticles can, for example, be a system of core-shell quantum dots, wherein the core is selected from the group consisting of IV-VI compound semiconductor nanocrystals, such as SbTe. In a particular embodiment, the luminescent nanoparticles are selected from the group consisting of: core-shell quantum dots, wherein the core is selected from the group consisting of: InP, CuInS₂ , CuInSe₂ , CdTe, CdSe, CdSeTe, AgInS₂ And AgInSe₂ . In yet a further embodiment, the luminescent nanoparticle can be, for example, selected from the group consisting of the above-described materials having an internal dopant such as ZnSe:Mn, ZnS:Mn (core-shell quantum dots, wherein the core is selected from the following A group consisting of one of II-VI, III-V, I-III-V and IV-VI compound semiconductor nanocrystals. The doping element may be selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ag, Zn, Eu, S, P, Cu, Ce, Tb, Au, Pb, Tb, Sb, Sn, and Tl. Herein, the luminescent material based on the luminescent nano particles may also include different types of QD such as CdSe and ZnSe:Mn. It is apparent that the use of II-VI quantum dot systems is particularly advantageous. Thus, in one embodiment, the semiconductor-based luminescent quantum dots comprise II-VI quantum dots, wherein the II-VI quantum dots are selected, inter alia, from the group consisting of: core-shell quantum dots, wherein the core is selected Free group consisting of: CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, HgSTe, CdZnS, CdZnSe, CdZnTe , CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HgZnTe, CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe and HgZnSTe, even more particularly selected from the group consisting of CdS, CdSe, CdSe /CdS and CdSe/CdS/ZnS. The luminescent nanoparticle (uncoated) may have a size in the range of from about 2 nm to 50 nm, such as from 2 nm to 20 nm, especially from 2 nm to 10 nm, and even more particularly from 2 nm to 5 nm; In particular, at least 90% of the nanoparticles have a size in the indicated range (ie, at least 90% of the nanoparticles have a size in the range of 2 nm to 50 nm, or especially at least 90% of the nanoparticles) Has a size in the range of 2 nm to 5 nm). The term "size" depends on the shape of the nanoparticle, especially one or more of length, width and diameter. In one embodiment, the wavelength converter nanoparticle has a range from about 1 nanometer (nm) to about 1000 nanometers (nm) (and preferably in a range from about 1 nm to about 100 nm) Medium) one of the average particle sizes. In one embodiment, the nanoparticles have an average particle size in a range from about 1 nm to about 20 nm. In one embodiment, the nanoparticles have an average particle size in a range from about 1 nm to about 10 nm. Typical points are made of binary alloys such as arsenic arsenide, cadmium sulfide, indium arsenide, and indium phosphide. However, the dots can also be made of a ternary alloy such as selenium sulfide sulfide. These quantum dots may contain as little as 100 to 100,000 atoms in a quantum dot volume having a diameter of one of 10 to 50 atoms. This corresponds to about 2 nm to 10 nm. For example, spherical particles having a diameter of about 3 nm (such as CdSe, InP, or CuInSe) may be provided.₂ ). The luminescent nanoparticle (uncoated) may have the shape of a sphere, a cube, a rod, a wire, a disk, a multi-pod, etc., wherein the size in one dimension is less than 10 nm. For example, a CdSe nanocolumn having a length of 20 nm and a diameter of 4 nm can be provided. Thus, in one embodiment, the semiconductor-based luminescent quantum dots comprise core-shell quantum dots. In yet another embodiment, the semiconductor-based luminescent quantum dots comprise dots-in-rods nanoparticles. A combination of different types of particles can also be applied. Here, the term "different types" may refer to different geometric shapes and different types of semiconductor luminescent materials. Thus, it is also possible to apply either or both of the quantum dots or luminescent nanoparticles (indicated above). An example of one of the methods of making a semiconductor nanocrystal (such as derived from WO 2011/031871) is a colloidal growth procedure. Colloidal growth occurs by injecting an M donor and an X donor into a hot coordinating solvent. An example of a preferred method for preparing monodisperse semiconductor nanocrystals includes pyrolysis of an organometallic reagent (such as dimethyl cadmium) injected into a hot coordinating solvent. This allows for discrete core formation and results in controlled growth of macroscopic amounts of semiconductor nanocrystals. The implantation produces a core that can be grown in a controlled manner to form a semiconductor nanocrystal. The reaction mixture can be gently heated to grow and toughen the semiconductor nanocrystals. The average size and size distribution of the semiconductor nanocrystals in a sample depends on the growth temperature. The growth temperature required to maintain stable growth increases as the average crystal size increases. Semiconductor nanocrystal system is a member of one of the semiconductor nanocrystal populations. Due to the discrete core and controlled growth, the available semiconductor nanocrystal population has a narrow diameter size distribution. The small diameter size distribution can also be referred to as the size. Preferably, a population of monodisperse particles comprises a population of particles wherein at least about 60% of the particles in the population fall within a particular particle size range. In one embodiment, the nanoparticle may comprise a semiconductor nanocrystal comprising a core comprising a first semiconductor material and a shell comprising a second semiconductor material, wherein the outer shell is disposed at the core Above at least a portion of a surface. A semiconductor nanocrystal comprising a core and a housing is also referred to as a "core/shell" semiconductor nanocrystal. Any of the materials indicated above may be used in particular as a core. Therefore, in some of the above lists of quantum dot materials, the phrase "core-shell quantum dots, where the core is selected from the group consisting of", is applied. For example, the semiconductor nanocrystal may comprise a core having the chemical formula MX, wherein M may be a mixture of cadmium, zinc, magnesium, mercury, aluminum, gallium, indium, antimony or the like, and X may be oxygen, sulfur, selenium, a mixture of cerium, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony or the like. Examples of materials suitable for use as a core of a semiconductor nanocrystal include, but are not limited to, ZnO, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdO, CdS, CdSe, CdTe, MgS, MgSe, GaAs, GaN, GaP, GaSe, GaSb, HgO, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, InAs, InN, InP, InGaP, InSb, AlAs, AIN, AlP, AlSb, TIN, TIP, TlAs, TlSb, PbO, PbS, PbSe, PbTe, Ge, Si, including the foregoing One of the alloys and/or a mixture comprising one of the foregoing, including a ternary and quaternary mixture or alloy. The outer shell can be a semiconductor material having one of the compositions of the composition of the same or different core. The outer casing comprises an outer coating of one of a semiconductor material on a surface of one of the cores, and the semiconductor nanocrystal may comprise a group IV element, a group II-VI compound, a group II-V compound, a group III-VI compound, III- a Group V compound, a Group IV-VI compound, a Group I-III-VI compound, a Group II-IV-VI compound, a Group II-IV-V compound, an alloy comprising any of the foregoing, and/or comprises any of the foregoing A mixture of ternary and quaternary mixtures or alloys. Examples include, but are not limited to, ZnO, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdO, CdS, CdSe, CdTe, MgS, MgSe, GaAs, GaN, GaP, GaSe, GaSb, HgO, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, InAs, InN, InP, InGaP, InSb, AlAs, AIN, AlP, AlSb, TIN, TIP, TlAs, TlSb, PbO, PbS, PbSe, PbTe, Ge, Si, including one of the foregoing alloys and/or including the foregoing One of the mixture. For example, a ZnS, ZnSe or CdS overcoat layer can be grown on CdSe or CdTe semiconductor nanocrystals. An outer coating procedure is described, for example, in U.S. Patent 6,322,901. By adjusting the temperature of the reaction mixture during the outer coating and monitoring the absorption spectrum of the core, a coating material having a high emission quantum efficiency and a narrow size distribution can be obtained. The outer coating can include one or more layers. The overcoat layer comprises at least one semiconductor material that is the same as or different from the composition of the core. Preferably, the overcoat layer has a thickness from about 1 single layer to about 10 single layers. An outer coating may also have a thickness greater than one of the ten single layers. In one embodiment, more than one outer coating may be included on a core. In one embodiment, the surrounding "shell" material may have a band gap greater than the energy band gap of the core material. In certain other embodiments, the surrounding outer casing material can have a band gap that is less than one of the energy band gaps of the core material. In one embodiment, the outer casing can be selected to have an atomic spacing that is close to one of the atomic spacings of the "core" substrate. In certain other embodiments, the outer casing and core material can have the same crystal structure. Examples of semiconductor nanocrystal (core) shell materials include, without limitation: red (eg, (CdSe) ZnS (core) shell), green (eg, (CdZnSe) CdZnS (core) shell, etc.), and blue (eg, (CdS) CdZnS (core) shell) (see also above for examples of semiconductor-based specific wavelength converter nanoparticles). Note that as described herein, the outer shell as the (inorganic) coating can be one of the coatings on the semiconductor nanocrystal. The QD should be a core-shell nanoparticle followed by a coating on the outer shell, i.e., a shell at least partially (even more particularly completely) enclosing the luminescent nanoparticle. In particular, the wavelength converter comprises from 0.01 wt.% to 25 wt.% (such as 0.1 wt.% to 5 wt.%) of wavelength converter nanoparticle (especially QD) relative to the total weight of the wavelength converter. The concentration of QD in the first host material is preferably between 0.5% wt and 25% wt. The concentration of the porous particles (including the QD in the first curable body) in the second host matrix determines the overall concentration of QD in the wavelength converter. In one embodiment, the semiconductor nanocrystals preferably have a ligand attached thereto, such as, for example, as described in WO 2011/031871. In one embodiment, the ligands can be derived from the coordinating solvent used during the growth procedure. In one embodiment, the surface can be modified by repeatedly exposing the surface to an excess of competing coordinating groups to form a laminate. For example, a dispersion of one of the capped semiconductor nanocrystals may be treated with a coordinating organic compound such as pyridine to produce crystallites which are readily dispersed in pyridine, methanol and aromatics but are no longer dispersed In an aliphatic solvent. This surface exchange procedure can be performed using any compound capable of coordinating or bonding to the outer surface of the semiconductor nanocrystal, including, for example, carboxylic acids, phosphines, thiols, amines, and phosphates. The semiconductor nanocrystals can be exposed to a short chain polymer that exhibits affinity for the surface and terminates partially with an affinity for a liquid medium in which the semiconductor nanocrystals are suspended or dispersed. This affinity improves the stability of the suspension and hinders the flocculation of the semiconductor nanocrystals. More specifically, the coordinating ligand may have the formula: (Y-)kn -(X)-(-L)n where k is 2, 3, 4 or 5, and n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, so that kn is not less than zero; X series O, OS, O-Se, ON, OP, O-As, S, S = 0, S02, Se, Se = 0, N, N = 0, P, P=0, C=0 As or As=0; each of Y and L (independently) is H, OH, aryl, heteroaryl or, as the case may be, at least one double bond, at least one triple bond or at least one A straight chain or a branched C2-18 hydrocarbon chain of a double bond and a triple bond. The hydrocarbon chain may be optionally substituted by one or more of C1-4 alkyl, C2-4 alkenyl, C2-4 alkynyl, C1-4 alkoxy, hydroxy, halo, amine, nitro, Cyano, C3-5 cycloalkyl, 3-5 membered heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C1-4 alkylcarbonyloxy, C1-4 alkylcarbonyl, C1-4 alkylcarbonyl or A醯基. The hydrocarbon chain may also be interrupted by the following: -0-, -S-, -N(Ra)-, -N(Ra)-C(0)-0-,-0-C(0)-N( Ra)-, -N(Ra)-C(0)-N(Rb)-, -OC(0)-0-, -P(Ra)- or -P(0)(Ra)-. Each of Ra and Rb (independently) is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxy or haloalkyl. The aryl group is a substituted or unsubstituted cycloaryl group. Examples include phenyl, benzyl, naphthyl, tolyl, fluorenyl, nitrophenyl or halophenyl. Heteroaryl groups are aryl groups having one or more heteroatoms in the ring, such as furyl, pyridyl, pyrrolyl, phenanthryl. Further ligands may especially be one or more of oleic acid and trioctylphosphine and trioctylphosphine oxide. Thus, the ligand may especially be selected from the group consisting of acids, amines, phosphines, phosphine oxides and thiols. A suitable coordinating ligand is commercially available or can be prepared by conventional synthetic organic techniques (e.g., as described in J. March, Advanced Organic Chemistry). Other ligands are described in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 10/641,292, filed on Aug. The entire text is incorporated herein by reference. Other examples of ligands include benzylphosphonic acid, benzylphosphonic acid comprising at least one substituted group on the ring of the phenyl group, a conjugate base of one of these acids, and mixtures comprising one or more of the foregoing. In one embodiment, a ligand comprises 4-hydroxybenzylphosphonic acid, one of the conjugate bases of the acid, or a mixture of the foregoing. In one embodiment, a ligand comprises 3,5-di-tributyl-4-hydroxyindoleyl-phosphonic acid, one of the conjugate bases of the acid, or a mixture of the foregoing. Additional examples of ligands that may be used in the present invention are described in International Application No. PCT/US2008/010651, to Breen et al., in the "Functionalized Nanoparticles And Method" of Breen et al. In the International Application No. PCT/US2009/004345, filed on Jan. 28, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. As indicated above, the program can also be applied to non-quantum dot luminescent nanoparticles. After the first liquid has been introduced into the pores of the particulate porous inorganic material, the material may optionally be washed. This may be unnecessary in the case of an initial wetting technique for filling the pores, but when there is a remaining first liquid, it may be desirable to wash the particles. In an embodiment, this can be done after separating the particulate material from the first liquid. In particular, the wash liquid is a non-solvent for the polymerizable precursor. A non-solvent can be defined as one of the materials (here the polymerizable material) does not dissolve or at most dissolves only one of the amounts of 0.01 g/l. Accordingly, the present invention also provides a process wherein the solvent is washed prior to curing or polymerization but after impregnation using a solvent, particularly one of the non-solvent solvents for the curable or polymerizable precursor system. In a particular embodiment, there is no wash at all prior to curing or polymerization. Thus, in general, the procedure can include: filling the pores with a first liquid, separating particles having (at least partially filled pores) from the first liquid, cleaning the particles as appropriate, and curing/polymerizing the curable or polymerizable precursor (which is (at least partially) available in the pores). Separation can be accomplished using techniques known in the art, such as filtration, (gravity) settling, decantation, and the like. A benefit option uses a filter. Microparticles can be collected on this filter, such as a Buchner funnel. If desired, the microparticles can be washed to remove excess and/or residual first liquid at the surface of the particles. Thus, in particular, the present invention also provides a procedure in which one of the impregnated particles and possibly the first liquid is separated prior to solidification or polymerization but after impregnation of the particles. Thereafter, the material in the pores of the porous core can undergo curing/polymerization. Herein, the term "possible residual first liquid" is applied, because in the case of an initial wetting technique or the intentional filling amount of the first liquid is less than the pore volume, this may result in the absence of one of the remaining liquids to be removed therein. Situation. However, if desired, the wash can be deliberately used to remove the precursor. In these examples, it is apparent that the nanoparticles remain in the pores, have no polymerizable precursor or have substantially no polymerizable precursor. In this embodiment, curing can result in very low amounts of polymeric or non-polymeric materials. In this embodiment, it may be desirable to embed the particles in a matrix (see also above for the matrix). Accordingly, in a further aspect, the present invention provides a process for producing a luminescent material comprising one of particles (especially substantially spherical particles) having a porous inorganic material core, the porous inorganic material core having at least Partially filled with pores, in particular macropores, having a polymeric nanoparticle embedded therein, in particular one of the quantum dots, wherein the procedure comprises (i) using one of the polymeric materials comprising luminescent nanoparticles, in particular quantum dots and (as appropriate) a first liquid ("ink") of a curable or polymerizable precursor impregnated with particles of a particulate porous inorganic material having pores to provide at least partially filled with the luminescent nanoparticle, especially quantum dots and (as appropriate) curable Or the pores of the polymerizable precursor, the particles obtained by the use of a solvent for curing or polymerizable or a solvent for the first liquid; and (ii) the curable or the pores in the pores of the cured or polymerized porous material, as appropriate Polymerizable precursors. In a particular embodiment, the program further comprises (iii) applying an encapsulation (such as a coating, or an insert in a matrix or both) to the particles thus obtained (having at least partially filled with luminescent nanoparticles) Particles, especially the pores of quantum dots). Thus, in such embodiments, the first liquid may not necessarily comprise a polymerizable (or curable) material. Thus, using a suitable solvent (i.e., one of the first liquid solvents), the first liquid can be washed (flushed) while the particles remain apparently embedded in the pores. One of the solvents of the first liquid may obviously be a combination of one of the solvents. Further, the solvent of the first liquid may especially be a solvent or a combination of solvents capable of dissolving one or more of the liquid components of the first liquid. In general, the first liquid system in which the nanoparticles can well disperse one of the liquids. In yet a further embodiment, the particles are subjected to a second fill after the first liquid (with quantum dots) is used to fill the pores and the curable or polymerizable material (with QD) in the cured and/or polymerized pores. This second filling can be done using the same first liquid. However, this second fill can also be done using the same first liquid without QD. Although the pores are generally well filled, the second fill can be used to completely fill the pores in the event that the first fill of the pores may not have been (deliberately) complete. Of course, this multi-level program can also be applied to apply different types of QD fills. In this way, a layered QD structure can be obtained within the pores. It may be advantageous, for example, to first apply a first type of QD and thereafter to apply a second type of QD (according to the procedure described herein) to partially fill the aperture, wherein in particular the first type of QD is longer than the second type of QD. Emitted at one of the wavelengths of the wavelength. As indicated above, the invention itself also provides a wavelength converter, that is, comprising one of a light transmissive solid substrate having a (particle) luminescent material (as defined herein and/or obtainable according to the procedures defined herein) Wavelength converter (see also above). In particular, the wavelength converter may further comprise a second luminescent material. In particular, the second luminescent material has, under excitation of light, another illuminating wavelength distribution (which will have) an emission wavelength distribution different from that of the luminescent quantum dots. For example, even though the QD has substantially the same chemical composition (of the core), having other dimensions can already result in different emissions. This second luminescent material (at the same excitation wavelength) can thus have a different emission than one of a quantum dot or a mixture of quantum dots. Alternatively, however, the second luminescent material may also be excited by the luminescent light of QD. By using a mixture of different types of QDs and/or a second luminescent material, the illumination of the wavelength converter can be tuned, and (and thus applicable) the illuminator light of the illumination device can also be tuned. Furthermore, other species (other than monomer and wavelength converter nanoparticle) may be present in the starting mixture (of the curable or polymerizable precursor and QD and/or a polymeric host material (matrix)) and may be combined Into the polymeric body material. For example, it can also be incorporated as TiO₂ Reflective particles of particles. Furthermore, there may be inorganic luminescent materials (such as micron-sized particulate phosphors) that do not have the characteristics of nanoparticles, as well as the crosslinking agents indicated above. Information on monomer and wavelength converter nanoparticles and information on the use of free radical initiators is indicated above. As may also be derived from the above, the mixture (i.e., the first liquid comprising, in particular, the luminescent quantum dot of the polymer which is highly curable or polymerizable precursor) may comprise 0.01 wt.% relative to the total weight of the mixture. Nanoparticles to 25 wt.% wavelength converters. As indicated above, the present invention also provides a lighting device comprising (i) a light source configured to generate source light, (ii) as defined herein or obtainable by a program as defined herein. (Particle) luminescent material, wherein the (particle) luminescent material is configured to convert at least a portion of the source light into visible luminescent quantum dot light. In a particular embodiment, the illumination device comprises a wavelength converter as defined herein, the wavelength converter being disposed at a non-zero distance from one of the light sources. However, other configurations may also be selected to configure the (particle) luminescent material at a non-zero distance from one of the light sources (such as at a non-zero distance from one of the LED dies). In view of efficiency and/or stability, it may be advantageous to configure the QD or (specifically) wavelength converter at a non-zero distance from one of the sources, such as from 0.5 mm to 50 mm, such as from 1 mm to 50 mm. Thus, in an embodiment, the wavelength converter can be configured at a non-zero distance from one of the light sources. Alternatively or additionally, the luminescent material or wavelength converter is applied directly to one of the light emitting surfaces of the light source, such as directly on an LED die (see also above). Furthermore, the method may comprise encapsulating the wavelength converter thus obtained by an encapsulation, in particular an oxygen impermeable encapsulation. In particular, this encapsulation is applied while the wavelength converter is still in a reduced oxygen atmosphere and water atmosphere. Therefore, (also) the wavelength converter can be encapsulated. The wavelength converter can be a film, a layer (such as a self-supporting layer) or a body. The wavelength converter can be configured as a light exit window for the illumination device. Thus, in this embodiment, light from the source and converter light (see further below) can be emitted from the device via and wavelength converter (during use of the illumination device). The wavelength converter can also be configured in a reflective mode. For example, a light mixing chamber can include one or more walls (which include a wavelength converter (reflective mode)) and/or an exit window (which includes a wavelength converter (transmission mode)). A wavelength converter (or more precisely, a wavelength converter nanoparticle) is radiation coupled to the light source (or, as indicated above, a plurality of light sources). The term "radiation coupling" especially means that the light source and the wavelength converter are associated with one another such that at least a portion of the radiation emitted by the source is received by the wavelength converter (and at least partially converted to illumination). The term "luminescence" refers to the emission of wavelength converter nanoparticles that are emitted after excitation by source light from a source. This illumination is also indicated herein as converter light (which includes at least visible light, see also below). The wavelength converter will also generally be configured downstream of the light source. The terms "upstream" and "downstream" are used in relation to the propagation of a item or feature relative to light from a light generating member (here especially referred to as a light source), with respect to being in a beam from one of the light generating members. A first position in the beam is closer to the second position of the light generating member "upstream" and is further "downstream" in the beam from a third position of the light generating member. The device is in particular configured to generate device light which at least partially comprises converter light, but which may optionally include (remaining) source light. For example, the wavelength converter can be configured to only partially convert the source light. In this example, the device light can include converter light and source light. However, in another embodiment, the wavelength converter can also be configured to convert all of the source light. Thus, in a particular embodiment, the illumination device is configured to provide illumination device light including both source light and converter light, such as the former being blue light, and the latter including yellow light, or yellow and red light, or green And red light or green, yellow and red light. In yet another particular embodiment, the illumination device is configured to provide only illumination device light that includes only converter light. This can, for example, be when the source light that illuminates the wavelength converter exits the downstream side of the wavelength converter only as converted light (ie, the wavelength converter absorbs all of the source light that penetrates into the wavelength converter) (especially Occurs in transmission mode). The term "wavelength converter" may also refer to a plurality of wavelength converters. These may be arranged downstream of each other, but may also be arranged adjacent to each other (and even physically contacting a directly adjacent wavelength converter, as appropriate). In an embodiment, the plurality of wavelength converters can include two or more subsets having different optical properties. For example, one or more subsets can be configured to produce wavelength converter light having a first spectral light distribution, such as green light, and one or more subsets can be configured to produce a second spectral light Distributed wavelength converter light, such as red light. Two or more subsets can be applied. When applications have different subsets of different optical properties, for example, the color of white light and/or device light (i.e., converter light and (remaining downstream of the wavelength converter) selected residual light source light) can be provided. In particular, when a plurality of light sources are applied, two or more subsets of the plurality of light sources (which are radiantly coupled to two or more subsets of wavelength converters having different optical properties) can be individually controlled, tunable The color of the device light. Other options for making white light are also possible (see also below). The lighting device may be part of the following or may be applied to: for example, office lighting systems, home application systems, store lighting systems, home lighting systems, reinforcing lighting systems, local lighting systems, theater lighting systems, fiber optic applications Systems, projection systems, self-illuminating display systems, pixelated display systems, segmented display systems, warning sign systems, medical lighting applications, indicator sign systems, decorative lighting systems, portable systems, automotive applications, greenhouse lighting System, garden lighting or LCD backlighting. As indicated above, the illumination unit can be used as one of the backlight units in an LCD display device. Accordingly, the present invention also provides an LCD display device comprising a lighting unit as defined herein, the lighting unit being configured as a backlight unit. In a further aspect, the invention also provides a liquid crystal display device comprising a backlight unit, wherein the backlight unit comprises one or more illumination devices as defined herein. Preferably, the light source is a light source that emits (source light) at least one wavelength selected from the range of 200 nm to 490 nm during operation, in particular, emitting at least a range selected from 400 nm to 490 nm during operation, Even more particularly one of the light sources of wavelengths in the range of 440 nm to 490 nm. This light can be used in part by wavelength converter nanoparticle (see also below). Thus, in a particular embodiment, the light source is configured to produce blue light. In a particular embodiment, the light source comprises a solid state LED light source (such as an LED or a laser diode). The term "light source" can also refer to a plurality of light sources, such as 2 to 20 (solid state) LED light sources. Thus, the term LED can also refer to a plurality of LEDs. The term white light as used herein is known to those skilled in the art. In particular, it relates to having between about 2000 K and 20000 K, in particular 2700 K to 20000 K, for general illumination, in particular in the range of about 2700 K and 6500 K and for backlighting purposes, in particular about 7000 K and 20000 K. In the range, and especially in about 15 SDCM (standard deviation of color matching) from BBL (black body locus), especially in about 10 SDCM from BBL, and even more especially in a color temperature of about 5 SDCM from BBL (CCT) light. In an embodiment, the light source can also provide source light having a correlated color temperature (CCT) between about 5000 K and 20000 K, for example, a direct phosphor converted LED (having, for example, obtaining 10000 K) a blue light emitting diode of a thin layer of phosphor). Thus, in a particular embodiment, the light source is configured to provide a correlated color temperature having a range from 5000 K to 20000 K, and even more particularly from 6000 K to 20000 K (such as 8000 K to 20000 K) Light source light. An advantage of a relatively high color temperature may be that there may be a relatively high blue component in the source light. The term "purple light" or "purple emission" relates in particular to light having a wavelength in the range of about 380 nm to 440 nm. The term "blue light" or "blue light emission" relates in particular to light having a wavelength in the range of about 440 nm to 490 nm (including some purple and cyan hue). The term "green light" or "green emission" relates in particular to light having a wavelength in the range of about 490 nm to 560 nm. The term "yellow light" or "yellow emission" relates in particular to light having a wavelength in the range of about 540 nm to 570 nm. The term "orange light" or "orange emission" relates in particular to light having a wavelength in the range of about 570 nm to 600 nm. The term "red light" or "red emission" relates in particular to light having a wavelength in the range of about 600 nm to 750 nm. The term "pink light" or "pink light" relates to light having a blue component and a red component. The terms "visible," "visible," or "visible emission" refer to light having a wavelength in the range of about 380 nm to 750 nm. Those skilled in the art will understand the term "substantially" as used herein (such as in "substantially all light" or in "substantial composition"). The term "substantially" may also encompass embodiments having "complete", "complete", "all" and the like. Therefore, the adjective essence can also be removed in the embodiment. Where applicable, the term "substantially" may also be about 90% or higher, such as 95% or higher, especially 99% or higher, and even more particularly 99.5% or higher, including 100%. The term "comprising" also encompasses an embodiment in which the term "comprising" means "consisting of." The term "and/or" relates in particular to one or more of the items mentioned before or after "and/or". For example, the phrase "item 1 and/or item 2" and similar phrases may refer to one or more of item 1 and item 2. In one embodiment, the term "comprising" may refer to "consisting of," but in another embodiment it may also mean "containing at least a defined species and optionally one or more other species." In addition, the terms first, second, third and analog are used to distinguish similar elements and are not necessarily used to describe a sequential or chronological order. It is understood that the terms used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than those described or illustrated herein. Wherein the device herein is described during operation. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the invention is not limited to the method of operation or the means of operation. It is to be noted that the above-described embodiments are illustrative and not limiting, and that many alternative embodiments can be devised without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the scope of the patent application, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. The use of the verb "comprise" and its versa The indefinite article "a" or "an" or "an" The invention may be implemented by means of a hardware comprising a plurality of distinct elements and a suitable stylized computer. In the device request item enumerating several components, several of these components may be embodied by one of the hardware items. Certain measures are described in mutually different sub-claims, but this fact alone does not imply that the combination of such measures cannot be utilized to the advantage. The invention is further applicable to a device comprising one or more of the characterization features described in the description and/or shown in the drawings. The invention further relates to a method or program comprising one or more of the characterizing features described in the description and/or shown in the accompanying drawings. The various aspects discussed in this patent can be combined to provide additional advantages. In addition, some of these features may form the basis of one or more split applications. Most of the embodiments described above comprise filling the pores with a first liquid ("ink") comprising a curable or polymerizable precursor (and luminescent nanoparticle, especially luminescent quantum dots). Alternatively, the pores may be filled with luminescent nanoparticles in a liquid that is subsequently uncured or polymerized. For example, the first liquid can be evaporated, whereby the luminescent nanoparticles are retained in the pores of the core of the porous inorganic material. Thereafter, the core can be coated, inter alia, via an atomic layer deposition procedure. Accordingly, in yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a process for producing a luminescent material comprising a particle having a porous inorganic material core having at least partially filled luminescent quantum dots a void, wherein the program comprises: impregnating particles of the porous inorganic material having pores with a first liquid comprising one of luminescent nanoparticles (such as luminescent quantum dots) to provide at least partially filled with such luminescent nanoparticles (such as luminescence) Quantum dots) and pores of liquid materials (especially one of the luminescent quantum dots); and optionally removed. Thereafter, a porous inorganic material having pores at least partially filled with luminescent nanoparticles (such as luminescent quantum dots) may optionally be coated with a coating (especially via an ALD procedure) to provide a coating on the (individual) particles. . The coating or outer casing can have a thickness of at least 10 nm. The above examples relating to particles, luminescent nanoparticles, coatings and encapsulation are suitable for this aspect of the invention (i.e., the luminescent nanoparticles in the pores are not embedded in a polymer). In particular, the coating as described herein, which is on at least partially filled porous inorganic material having pores, completely encloses the particles (core-shell particles (where the core is the inorganic core)). The invention itself also provides such a luminescent material as well as a wavelength converter and/or illumination device comprising the luminescent material (or a wavelength converter comprising the luminescent material). Accordingly, in a further aspect, the present invention also provides a luminescent material comprising particles having a core of a porous inorganic material having pores at least partially filled with luminescent quantum dots (120), and Where the particles are coated with a deliberate inorganic coating (at least 10 nm thickness). Thus, the luminescent nanoparticle is especially enclosed in the pores and protected by a coating that closes the pores. Thus, in particular, the particles have one or more (even more preferably all) of the following characteristic values (i) having a particle size (ps) in the range of 1 μm to 500 μm, (ii) wherein the particles Included in at least one of the encapsulated cores, (iii) wherein the porous inorganic material comprises one or more of porous cerium oxide, porous alumina, porous glass, porous zirconia, and porous titania, (iv) wherein the pores have an average pore size (dp) in the range of 0.1 μm to 10 μm, and (v) wherein the envelope (220) comprises an inorganic coating. These particles can be further embedded in a polymeric matrix to provide, for example, a wavelength converter. One of suitable solvents for introducing luminescent nanoparticles (such as luminescent quantum dots) into the pores includes, in particular, alkanes (such as hexane, heptane), toluene, chloroform, alcohols (such as one or more of ethanol and butanol). And one or more of the water. The ligand attached to the nanoparticle promotes dissolution of the nanoparticle in the solvent (see also above).

Figure 1a schematically depicts a first particle 20 having a porous inorganic material core 21 and a pore 22 that can be combined with a liquid comprising one of the curable or polymerizable precursors 111. The reference 711 is used to indicate the liquid. The liquid further includes quantum dots 120 and may optionally include a second luminescent material 150. This second luminescent material 150 is indicated as a discrete item (such as a particle), but may also include a molecule (such as an inorganic molecule or an organic molecule) in which the molecule is dispersed in the liquid 711. In one embodiment, the liquid 711 includes a cross-linking agent or initiator that is a liquid component of the substantially curable or polymerizable precursor 111 and, where appropriate, a polymerization reaction. The particles 20 and the liquid 711 (stage I) are mixed, whereby particles having filled pores (stage II) are obtained. After filling, excess liquid 711 can be removed. Next, the curable or polymerizable precursor is cured or polymerized. This can be accomplished, for example, by providing UV light and/or thermal energy, etc., to the curable or polymerizable precursor. After the reaction, Stage III obtains particles 20 having at least partially filled pores, which are filled with polymeric material 110 in which the luminescent quantum dots are embedded. Due to the presence of QD, this particulate material is luminescent and will give light after excitation by UV and/or blue light. Herein, the particulate material is also indicated as luminescent material 2. At this stage, the particles 20 are also in the porous core 21. Alternatively, the procedure can be continued by encapsulating the thus obtained particle luminescent material 2 with one or more of a coating or a host matrix. Embodiments of such products are depicted in Figures 1b and 1c, respectively. The result of a coating procedure is shown in Stage IV, wherein the particles 20 are enclosed by a seal 220 and are here in the form of a coating 320. The coating can be performed, for example, as appropriate under a further processing step using a coating precursor that forms a coating on the particles 20 in a fluid bed reactor. Figure 1 b schematically depicts an embodiment in which a multilayer coating 320 is applied to the luminescent material particles 20, here having a first layer 321 directly adjacent to the core, and directly adjacent to the first layer 321 A second layer 322 further away. For example, the former layer can be a thin inorganic layer and the second layer can be a (more) thick inorganic layer (or vice versa). Alternatively, a plurality of alternating first and second layers may be applied, which may be all organic, all inorganic or a combination thereof. For example, the multilayer coating comprises alternating first and second layers of an inorganic material, such as alternating first and second layers of aluminum oxide and titanium containing oxide, or alternating layers of aluminum oxide and zirconium containing oxide. One and two layers. The total thickness of the multilayer coating may range from 20 nm to 100 nm, more preferably from 30 nm to 80 nm. The thickness of the first layer and the second layer may be in the range of 0.2 nm to 10 nm, more preferably in the range of 1 nm to 5 nm. Figure 1c schematically depicts a particle luminescent material 2 embedded in a matrix 420. This system can also be indicated as wavelength converter 100. For example, the wavelength converter 100 also includes a second luminescent material 150. Figure 1d schematically depicts an embodiment in which the particles obtained in Stage III are embedded in a matrix 420. The polymeric material (110; see Figure 1a) can be considered a first encapsulation, the coating 320 can be considered a second encapsulation, and the substrate 420 can be considered a third encapsulation. Figure 1e schematically depicts an example of one of the luminescent material particles 20 having a coating 320 (e.g., a single layer 321, but a multilayer may also be possible). Here, quantum dots 120 have been introduced into pores that do not have a polymerizable or curable precursor. For example, the liquid that has been introduced into the quantum dots 120 may have been evaporated prior to application of the coating 320. Figures 1a(IV), 1b, 1c and 1e all schematically show an embodiment in which the (first) coating is in contact with the core over 100% of the entire outer surface area (A) of the particles (or core). Note that these luminescent material particles 20 comprise an inorganic core 21 having a coating or outer casing 320 around the core, as appropriate. Luminescent nanoparticles or quantum dots 120 are available in the pores of such pores. These nanoparticles may also be core-shell type particles (not explicitly described). Thus the core-shell type quantum dots are available in the pores of the core, which in turn is coated with a coating or encapsulation (shell). The reference dp is used to indicate the pore size, which generally indicates one of the pore width or the average size of the pore diameter. The ps is used to indicate the particle size, which generally indicates the average size of the particle width, particle length or particle diameter. Figure 2a schematically depicts a lighting device 1. The illumination device 1 comprises a light source 10 configured to generate source light 11 such as blue light or UV light or both. Here, two light sources 10 are depicted by way of example, although it is apparent that there may be more than two or only one light source 10. Furthermore, the illumination device 1 comprises a luminescent material 2. The (particle) luminescent material 2 is configured to convert at least a portion of the source light 11 into visible illuminating quantum dot light 121, such as one or more of green, yellow, orange, and red light. Here, a light converter 100 is depicted, such as, for example, depicted in Figure 1c. For example, the illumination device 1 further includes a second luminescent material 150 that provides a second luminescent material light or illuminating 151 after excitation. This luminescence 151 will generally have another spectral light distribution compared to the visible luminescent quantum dot light 121. Illumination device light 5 is used to indicate all of the light produced by the fuel-efficient illumination device. In this illustrative embodiment, illumination device light 5 includes visible illumination quantum dot light 121 and second illumination material light 151. Note that the luminescent quantum dots (or optical converter 100 herein) are disposed at a non-zero distance d from one of the (several) light sources 10. As indicated above, inorganic host particles can thus be used after being impregnated with quantum dots and after curing and/or polymerization (i.e., after stage III in Figure 1a). In this example, the particles do not have a coating. However, also in these embodiments, the term "core" is applied, however the particles may consist entirely of this core. The particles are optionally encapsulated (stage IV in Figure 1A; Figures 1B to 1D). This may be a coating (stage IV in Figure 1A; Figure IB), i.e., in principle each particle may comprise a coating around the core: core-coating particles. However, the particles may also be embedded in a matrix (such as a film or body): (FIG. 1C & FIG. 1D) The matrix capsule encapsulates a plurality of coated cores (FIG. 1C) or a plurality of uncoated cores (FIG. 1D); Of course, combinations of coated cores and uncoated cores are also possible, and in each of these embodiments and variations, the core pores enclose the quantum dots. Here, and also in schematic figures 2b and 2c, a module 170 is shown having a wall 171, a cavity 172 and a transmission window 173. Here, the wall 171 and the transmission window 173 enclose the cavity 172. In Figures 2a to 2c, the transmissive window 173 is used as part of an envelope or a package. Here, the transmissive window encapsulates at least a portion of the cavity 172. Note that the transmissive window does not have to be flat. The transmissive window (including the substrate in the embodiment) may also be curved, as in a TLED embodiment or an improved incandescent lamp (bubble). In FIG. 2b, for example, the second luminescent material 150 is configured as part of one or more of the light sources 10. For example, light source 10 can include an LED having one of second luminescent material 150 on or dispersed in a (polyoxygen) dome. In Figure 2c, for example, the second luminescent material 150 is applied as an (upstream) coating of the transmissive window 173, which in this embodiment again includes the optical converter 100. Figure 2d schematically depicts an embodiment in which a luminescent material 2 (or indeed, for example, a light converter) is directly applied to a light exit face of a light source 10 (here, for example, an LED die 17 of an LED) . Thus, the second luminescent material can be, for example, present in the first polymeric material (110) or the light transmissive solid substrate (420). Figure 2e schematically depicts a light source 10 having a layer 2 of luminescent material. For example, these can be disposed on a surface of an LED die 111. Other configurations are also possible, such as, for example, a plurality of LEDs or other light sources in contact with (an extended) light converter 100. As indicated above, another term for a light converter is a wavelength converter. For example, the light converter can be a dome-shaped light converter having one or more light sources, in particular LEDs, adjacent thereto. Thus, in one embodiment, the QD is dispersed in one of the monomer/oligomer inks that are curable after irradiation or heating or polymerization. Ideally, the QD is well dispersed and it is known that the QD body combination exhibits a height at blue flux and high temperatures, such as between 50 ° C and 150 ° C or especially between 75 ° C and 125 ° C. Stable behavior. The porous ceria having a pore size of one of 0.5 mm to 500 mm and a pore size of 0.1 mm to 10 mm is mixed with the QD ink, and the ink is allowed to fill the micropores of the ceria particle. The filling of the pores can be promoted by evacuating the porous particles before adding the QD ink. The filled composite particles are isolated from the mixture and cure or polymerize the ink within the particles. The cured or polymerized composite particles are then coated with an inorganic sealing material as appropriate. For example, mention some QD ink combinations: - QD dispersed in acrylate (monomer or oligomer) - QD dispersed in polyoxyl (main oligomer) - dispersed in epoxy (monomer or QD in the oligomer) - QD dispersed in any other curable polymer resin (monomer or oligomer). Preferably, the porous particles are completely dried to reduce the water content to a minimum before filling. A sintering process is typically used to dry porous ceria or other porous materials. After the QD ink in the (cerium oxide) particles is cured or polymerized, the composite particles are isolated. It is then preferred to use the following inorganic sealing to isolate the composite particles: - a fluidized bed reactor self-vapor phase deposition technique (PVD, ALD, etc.) - chemical (wet chemical or chemical vapor deposition) Synthesizing from the precursor material to grow an inorganic shell or depositing an organic material such as epoxy or tantalum or parylene on the exterior of the composite particles. Alternatively, the isolated porous particles can be inserted directly (without sealing) into a sealed body material, such as an epoxy resin (eg, DELO Katiobond 686) or a low melting glass. The end result is a sealable composite QD/polymer/inorganic material particle that can be treated in air (similar to how YAG:Ce phosphor is currently disposed). The particles can be mixed, for example, with an optical grade polyfluorene oxide and then deposited on an LED or substrate. The following examples describe in particular the route in which the porous cerium oxide particles (Trisoperl) are first impregnated with a QD acrylic matrix, followed by filtration to remove excess acrylic acid and then solidify. After the curing step, the particles may optionally be washed with toluene or other solvent. As expected, the porous ceria particles were found to be filled with acrylic acid after all of these steps. First, it is shown that the porous cerium oxide particles can be traced by a microscopic field using acrylate impregnation: due to scattering, the porous cerium oxide particles that are unfilled and embedded in a liquid appear black. The filled porous cerium oxide particles are transparent. Therefore, the filling of the porous ceria particles can be finely recorded. As an example, Ebecryl 150 and Sylgard 184, PDMS polyoxane were used. Returning to scattering, the porous ceria particles in the liquid are black, but the porous ceria particles having liquid inside the droplets are transparent (and thus filled). This demonstrates that high viscosity polyoxyl (such as Sylgard 184 or acrylate) readily fills the pores of the porous cerium oxide particles. In the high-viscosity Ebecryl, it was observed that the filling was substantially 100 seconds to 500 seconds, and in the low-viscosity IBMA (isobornyl methacrylate), one of the filling factor seconds was observed. Finally, all particles appear transparent. Figure 3 shows the impregnation of Trisoperl PSP in ebecryl 150 at different time intervals. It can be seen that the particles still have a portion of the black interior at short intervals, which slowly disappears over time. In the high-viscosity Ebecryl, it was observed that the filling was approximately 100 seconds to 500 seconds, and in IBMA, one of the filling factor seconds was observed. Finally, all particles appear transparent. When the in-situ impregnated particles are exposed to UV light (which can also be done under a microscope ("on-site"), a "crack" in the interior of the particle is observed. This is attributed to the shrinkage of acrylic acid after curing (up to 10%) and the subsequent delamination of the acrylic from the inner walls, resulting in new scattering pores. For polyxenium, the shrinkage appears to be much smaller (a few percent) and no cracking is observed. An embodiment of the impregnation procedure is performed which consists of the following steps: 1-mixed ebecryl 150 or QD in an 80/20 mixture of IBMA/HDDA (0.1 wt.% to 1 wt.%) 2-addition 0.5% wt irgacure ( Optional) 3- Add 1 gram of triosperl porous cerium oxide particles to 5 grams of QD acrylic acid mixture 4 - gently stir / shake for 10 minutes 5 - Apply QD acrylic porous cerium oxide particle mixture to a filter , the filter is placed on a Buchner funnel 6 - vacuum is applied to the funnel for 1 minute to 10 minutes 7 - the porous cerium oxide particles on the filter are rinsed with ethanol, heptane, toluene or another solvent ( Optional) 8-Self-filter to remove powder 9-in N ₂ Dispersing the powder over a glass plate or vial and applying UV curing 10 - dispersing the solidified powder in toluene and applying an ultrasonic treatment 11 - removing toluene, resulting in impregnated powder, according to steps 1 through 9 (but No step 7 impregnation and solidification) 0.1% wt QD and 0.5% wt. PI (photoinitiator). In a further example, the Trisoperl particles are impregnated according to steps 1 to 11 (without step 7). In this case, a crystal plexus (crystal bundle) QD was formed in heptane in IBMA/HDDA (5g) in which 1 gram of porous cerium oxide particles and 0.5% by weight of photoinitiator (irgacure) were added. One of the 0.1% wt dispersions. After filtering, at N ₂ The powder was cured by UV light for 10 minutes in the stream. This results in a viscous powder which is converted into a loose powder of individual porous ceria particles by dispersing the viscous powder in toluene and giving it a one minute US treatment. Toluene was removed and the particles were applied to a glass disk for field study under a microscope. When such porous cerium oxide particles are brought into contact with Ebecryl, the particles do not exhibit refilling, but are instantaneously transparent. In addition, some of the particles exhibited a brown color and cracking indicating that the acrylic acid within the particles was cured and was not refilled again. This is illustrated by the fact that the well-impregnated and solidified porous cerium oxide particles will have blocked pores that do not allow the use of one (equivalent) second filling of ebecryl. However, it has sometimes been observed that it is possible to refill these plugged pores with toluene, which is not surprising given its viscosity. Fluorescence microscopy images (Figure 3) show that these particles exhibit bright QD emission. Here, Trisoperl porous ceria particles were impregnated with 0.1% wt QD in IBMA/HDDA. The porous ceria particles were cured and subjected to an ultrasonic treatment in toluene, after which they were dispersed on a glass plate to which one Ebecryl droplet was added. The suitability of different cerium oxide particles for the present procedure for the manufacture of luminescent materials was tested. A non-exhaustive list is given in Table 2 below: Table 2: List of some cerium oxide particles used in the experiment Particle size (μm) Pore size (nm) Type 1 30-70 100-450 Type 2 About 30 About 160 Type 3 Approximately 30 150-200 In particular, Type 3 is a very spherical particle (roundness over 0.95) which facilitates application of the coating to the particles (if required). At N ₂ The stability measurement of the quantum dot-filled particle porous luminescent material is performed under flow. It is apparent that the stability of QD in porous ceria particles is very similar to the same commercial QD-based nanoparticles directly dispersed in IBMA/HDDA without porous particles. However, the present luminescent materials are easy to handle and can be used in current state of the art coating procedures or matrix dispersion procedures without the need for an oxygen-free and/or anhydrous environment. It is also apparent that the quantum efficiency of QD in the pores is about the same as the quantum efficiency of the original quantum dots or even the quantum efficiency of the original quantum dots. The mercury porosimetry method is used to determine the extent to which the pores of the cerium oxide particles are filled after the impregnation step. First, it was determined that the Trisoperl particles without any treatment had 1.09 cm. ³ One of the specific pore volumes of /g. Secondly, in the absence of a solvent washing step (step 7), it is determined that the specific pore volumes of Ebecryl and IBMA/HDDA-filled Trisoperl particles are 0.06 cm, respectively. ³ /g(Ebecryl) and 0.00 cm ³ /g (not detected) (IBMA/HDDA). This confirms that the Trisoperl particles are almost completely filled with the cured acrylic ink. An ALD coating was applied around the impregnated particles using the impregnation method described above (using a Buchner funnel). In some experiments, the coating included 50 nm alumina. The use of ALD coatings improves the stability of QD in air (as opposed to impregnated particles without a coating). Using an ALD coating, demonstrating the stability of QD in air is similar to that in nitrogen, this demonstrates successful application of the ALD coating and keeps the water/air outside of the impregnated particles. These experiments are described in further detail below. Example 1 Preparation of impregnated particles Trisoperl particles were impregnated as follows: 1 gram of the crystal bundle QD in 5% wt dispersion in heptane was added to IBMA/HDDA (5 g). This resulted in QD being one of 1% wt dispersion and 0.5% wt photoinitiator (irgacure 184) in IBMA/HDDA (1 gram of PSP has been added to IBMA/HDDA). The powder-acrylic mixture was placed on a Buchner funnel and filtered in a hand-held work box for a few minutes. After filtration, the UV light was used to cure the powder in a hand-held work box for 4 minutes. This results in a viscous powder which is dispersed in toluene by a closed vial (and therefore not in contact with ambient air) and given a 15 minute US treatment to convert it to one of the individual PSPs. powder. Next, toluene was removed by decantation in a hand-held work box followed by evacuation for several hours to remove all of the toluene. FTIR measurements show that acrylic acid has a 95% conversion, which means that one of the acrylics is almost completely cured. A subset of these particles were mixed into ebecryl 150 for QE and stability measurements. For two different impregnation experiments, the QE of these QDs was measured at 51% and 52%. In the absence of impregnation, the QE of QD in HDDA/IBMA was measured at 69%. This means that there is a loss in QE after impregnation, solidification and introduction to a second substrate. The reason for this reduction is unknown, but may be due to additional processing steps. The QE data is summarized in Table 3. Example 2 Plasma Enhanced ALD on Impregnated PSP 50 mg of impregnated PSP (Reactant 1) was spread over the crucible wafer (outside the handle box) and inserted into an ASM dual chamber ALD system Emerald chamber (for plasma enhanced ALD). A 50 nm alumina layer was applied using a plasma enhanced ALD procedure using TMA (trimethylaluminum) and O2 as reactive gases at 100 °C. After deposition, the powder was harvested and mixed into Ebecryl 150 (with 1% wt irgacure 184) to make a cured film of ALD coated PSP in a second matrix. As described above in Example 1, a reference sample of the same impregnated PSP without ALD was also prepared in addition to the clear QD film in IBM A/HDDA (no impregnation). In all cases, a sample consisting of a 100 mm acrylic layer was placed between the two glass sheets. The QE using plasma enhanced ALD ALD coated PSP (hereinafter referred to as sample ALD-a) has 50% QE which is the same as QE before ALD coating (reactant 1, 52%). The ALD coating therefore has no (almost) effect on the QE of the QD. Table 3: Overview of QE data on various membranes Description ALD PL QE (%) QD in IBMA/HDDA (undiped) No ALD 69 QD in IBMA/HDDA Impregnated PSP – Reactant 1 No ALD 52 IBMA/HDDA QD in the impregnated PSP – Reactant 2 No ALD 51 ALD –a coated PSP reactant 1 Plasma at 100 ° C 50 ALD –b coated PSP reactant 1 Heat at 150 °C 31 ALD –c coated The cloth PSP reactant 2 has a relatively low heat 33 QE at 100 °C. This is due to the fact that commercial QD materials are used in conjunction with a relatively low initial QE. When QDs with better quality are applied, far higher QE systems are possible, but these QDs are not commercially available on a large scale. ALD coated particles from ALD-a were used to perform cross-sectional studies in SEM. Figure 5a shows an SEM image of one of the PSPs with ALD-a coating. In the prepared abrasive surface (cross section), some of the particles are completely embedded in the epoxy resin carrier. Thus the images provide a 3D view of the particles in which three different regions can be identified. In addition, such particles provide the possibility to analyze the coating of such particles using the selected region EDX. The first region is the interior of the PSP (e.g., at the location of the spectrum 7), wherein the porous structure can be clearly identified. EDX recorded at the location "Spectrum 7" is also shown, of which only bismuth and no aluminum are observed. The second region is the exterior of the PSP, in which a more dense ceria shell (hereafter referred to as "egg shell") is present. Since such particle PSPs are known to have a dense ceria shell around the particles, except for some "filling openings" (see also the SEM image in the Appendix). One of the EDX spectra recorded at this region (Spectrum 5) actually shows only 矽. An identifiable third zone is an additional thin layer on top of the "egg shell" which is an alumina layer applied by ALD. The EDX spectrum recorded at this position (Spectrum 4) clearly shows the presence of aluminum, confirming that the ALD coating has resulted in the deposition of alumina on the outer shell of the particles. In the SEM image, it can be seen that this second layer is very conformal. The fact that the ceria eggshell is exposed at the top portion (at the position of the spectrum 5) is attributed to the grinding applied (preparation of the abrasive surface). From the SEM image and EDX, it is clear that the alumina coating is quite conformal and also covers the filling opening. However, the SEM may not be able to determine the exact coverage by alumina, and may not provide statistical information on the extent to which all particles can be coated equally well. XPS (X-ray spectroscopy) is a technique for detecting an elemental composition of a few nanometers outside of a substrate. One of the XPS analyses on the plasma enhanced ALD coated particles (ALD-a) is summarized in Table 4, where a comparison was made with an uncoated PSP (no ALD reactant 1). Uncoated particles show only 矽 and some Cd, Zn and Se from QD. The organic material may be derived from contaminants from the substrate or acrylic acid exposed to the outside. In contrast, ALD coated particles primarily exhibited alumina as the inorganic coating, and the most important line did not detect ruthenium. Since the detection limit of 矽 in this measurement is ~ 0.1%, it is concluded that at least 99% of the surface has been coated with alumina. Table 4: Overview of XPS measurements on samples ALD-a and one blanc (no ALD coating). The numbers give the atomic weight % and add up to ~100%: Al 2p C 1s Cd 3d O 1s Se 3p3 Si 2p Zn 2p3 peak 74.2 284.8 103.5 appears as Al ₂ O ₃ Org SiO ₂ Blanc - 46 0.5 39 0.3 14 0.81 ALD-a 22 32 - 47 - - 0.03 Since the ALD coating is applied to improve the stability of QD in air, it has and does not have an ALD coating before and after impregnation. The photoluminescence stability was measured. All measurement systems are at 10W/cm ² Blue flux (using a 450 nm blue laser) and 100 °C temperature are performed under the same conditions. The rapid decrease seen in these measurements after ~5000 seconds is attributed to the temperature rising from 25 °C to 100 °C; thermal quenching causes a rapid decrease in one of the PL intensities. Figure 6a shows the stability profile of a reference sample of QD in IBMA/HDDA without impregnation (69% QE) and with impregnation (Reactant 1, 52% QE). The sample was first measured in a stream of nitrogen in which a 100 μm QD film was sandwiched between two glass plates to avoid any diffusion of water/air into the sample. The curves show quite similar behaviors, with 1.3E-6 and 1.5E-6 s respectively. ^-1 One of the decline rates after ~250.000 seconds. This decline under these conditions is typical for this combination of commercial QD and IBM A/HDDA acrylates. The results show that the impregnation procedure thus has no effect on QD PL stability. There is a visible difference between the first two curves; curve 3 shows more photobrightening than curve 1. Light brightening is one of the phenomena frequently observed for QD, which is not well understood and which is beyond the scope of the present invention. Therefore, this light brightening effect will not be further detailed. When two samples were measured in air (where the top glass plate was removed to allow water/air to quickly reach the laser spot), the samples showed a sharp increase in one of the decay rates. The impregnated sample performed slightly better than the unimpregnated sample, which was attributable to the longer diffusion length in the water/air to cerium oxide particles. Figure 6b shows the ALD-free impregnated sample in N ₂ And the same stability curve in air, and the stability curve of the impregnated sample (sample ALD-a) with a plasma-enhanced ALD coating. First, at N ₂ In the atmosphere, it was observed that the stability of the impregnated sample was not affected by the ALD coating; after 250.000 seconds, it exhibited 1.4E-6 s ^-1 One is very similar to the rate of decline. Fluorescence microscopy shows total impregnated sphere illumination: there is no "dead skin" caused by the deposition process. Most importantly, a clear difference in stability between ALD coated and uncoated samples was observed when measured in air. ALD coated samples are shown in air very similar to in N ₂ One of the recession rates (again 1.4E-6). N ₂ And the fact that the rate of decay in air is so similar is that the ALD coating is very effective in providing evidence that water/air remains outside the cerium oxide particles. Example 3 Thermal ALD at 150 ° C on impregnated PSP 30 mg of impregnated PSP (reactant 1) was spread on a crucible wafer (outside the handle box) and inserted into an ASM dual chamber ALD system The Pulsar chamber (for thermal ALD). A 50 nm alumina layer was applied using thermal ALD using TMA (trimethylaluminum) and O3 as reactive gases at 150 °C. After deposition, the powder was harvested and mixed into Ebecryl 150 (with 1% wt irgacure 184) to make a cured film of ALD coated PSP in a second matrix. The QE of the PSP coated with thermal ALD ALD at 150 ° C (hereafter referred to as sample ALD-b) has 31% QE compared to ALD before coating (Reactant 1, 52% QE) The QE is reduced by 20%. A small portion of the ALD coated particles from ALD-b was used to make a cross section and was studied in SEM. Figure 7a shows an SEM image of one of the PSPs with ALD-b coating. In the preparation of the abrasive surface (cross section), some of the particles are not completely embedded in the epoxy resin carrier. Thus, the image provides a 3D view of the particles in which three different regions can be identified. In addition, these particles provide the possibility of analyzing the coating of the particles using the selected region EDX. The first region is the interior of the PSP (at the position of the spectrum 3 (S3)) (Fig. 7d), in which the porous structure can be clearly identified. EDX recorded at the location "Spectrum 3" is also shown, of which only bismuth and no aluminum are observed. The second zone is the exterior of the PSP, which presents a denser ceria shell (referred to as "eggshell"). Since such particle PSPs are known to have a dense ceria shell around the particles, except for some "fill openings" (see also the SEM image in the Appendix). One of the EDX spectra recorded in this region (Spectrum 2; S2 (Fig. 7c)) actually shows only 矽. The identifiable third zone is an additional thin layer on top of the "egg shell" which is applied to the alumina layer by ALD. The EDX spectrum recorded at this position (Spectrum 1; S1 (Fig. 7b)) clearly shows the presence of aluminum, confirming that the ALD coating has resulted in the deposition of aluminum on the outer shell of the particles. In the SEM image, it can be seen that the aluminum layer is very conformal. The fact that the ceria shell is exposed at the top portion (at the position of the spectrum 2 (S2)) is attributed to the grinding applied (preparation of the abrasive surface). As mentioned above, the PSP is covered by a dense "egg shell" and each particle has several so-called filling openings, which allows the particles to be impregnated by the QD acrylic ink. To ensure that one of the PSPs is completely sealed, it is also necessary to fill the openings with alumina. Figures 8a-8b show SEM images of such filled openings for PSP not coated with ALD (Figure 8a, PSP Reactant 1) and PSP coated with thermal ALD (Figure 8b, ALD-b). The uncoated PSP clearly shows that the eggshell (bright ring) is discontinuous at this opening (in the SEM, a bright appearance reflects a high density inorganic material). The ALD coated sample shows that the fill opening has been coated with alumina and the alumina actually protrudes into the pores. It is known that ALD coatings can be very conformal because the molecular precursors can diffuse/infiltrate into small pores (here such as 200 nm pores). To this end, the overall alumina deposit in this porous region of the fill opening may be higher than the top of the eggshell (the top is fairly smooth), which may be relatively thicker by filling the opening than the coating around the eggshell A brighter appearance and a qualitative perception. It is expected that filling the openings of such pores by the ALD coating is beneficial to obtain a well sealed PSP. Example 4 Thermal ALD on Impregnated PSP at 100 ° C 100 mg of impregnated PSP (Reactant 2) was spread over the crucible wafer (outside the handle box) and inserted into an ASM double chamber ALD The system's Pulsar chamber (for thermal ALD). A 50 nm alumina layer was applied using thermal ALD using TMA (trimethylaluminum) and O3 as reactive gases at 150 °C. After deposition, the powder was harvested and mixed into Ebecryl 150 (with 0.5% wt irgacure 184) to make a cured film of ALD coated PSP in a second matrix. The QE of the PSP coated with thermal ALD ALD (hereafter referred to as sample ALD-c) has a QE of 33%, which is 20% compared to before ALD coating (reaction 2, 51%). One lowered. This and previous examples show that thermal ALD causes a substantial decrease in QE, which cannot be attributed solely to temperature, since ALD-a (plasma enhanced) is also performed at 100 °C. Ozone for thermal ALD can be the cause of QE reduction, but this has not been further studied. From the edx of Example 3, it was not determined that the alumina coating was 100% conformal and no statistical information was available for all particles. One analysis of XPS on thermally enhanced ALD coated particles at 100 ° C (one of the ALD-c duplo experiments) showed that no further cerium oxide was observed after alumina deposition. It is concluded that both plasma enhanced and thermal ALD can conformally coat the surface of such porous cerium oxide particles with a coverage of at least 99%. Since the ALD coating is applied to improve the stability of QD in air, photoluminescence stability is measured before and after impregnation with and without ALD coating. All measurement systems are at 10W/cm ² Blue flux (using a 450 nm blue laser) and 100 °C temperature are performed under the same conditions. The stability of the impregnated sample versus the stability of the unimpregnated sample is discussed in Example 2, and the impregnation versus QD PL is shown in N. ₂ The stability in it has no effect. However, in the air, a sharp decline was observed for both cases. Figure 6c summarizes the results of impregnated PSP (Reactant 1, also shown in Example 2) with ALD coating and impregnated PSP (ALD-c) with thermal ALD coating. Curve 3 in Figure 6c shows that the PL stability of the QD is not affected by the ALD coating because it is very similar to the ALD-free coating (curve 1). In addition, it is clear that samples with ALD coatings are in N ₂ After 250.000 seconds, it exhibited a rate of decay similar to that in air (1.3E-6 and 1.9E-6 s-1, respectively), whereas non-ALD samples exhibited a greater stability in air than in nitrogen. Furthermore, it is concluded that a thermal ALD coating is very effective in maintaining water/air in the outer layer of the porous cerium oxide particles. Figure 6b and Figure 6c show the curve of "impregnated ALD-a/c, air" (curve 3 in the two figures), which are in fact respectively associated with "impregnated ALD-a/c, N ₂ The same sample indicated in the same chart continues over time. Only the starting point is again at 0 seconds. Note that N ₂ The end intensity of the curve (curve 3) is approximately equal to the initial intensity of the air-curve (curve 4). This is also the reason why the air curve does not show the above light brightening. Figure 6d shows the curve (curve 4) "impregnated ALD-c, air" obtained after the impregnated ALD particles are directly subjected to photoluminescence measurements under air conditions (hence no N ₂ One of the PLs as a function of time is measured earlier). Here, the initial light enhancement is perceived again. As indicated above, it is also concluded that a thermal ALD coating is very effective in maintaining water/air in the porous ceria particles. Therefore, an alumina ALD coating is applied to the particulate porous inorganic material to allow good analysis of one of the outer shells by EDX after coating (compared to the cerium oxide coating on the cerium oxide particles, cerium oxide) The alumina coating on the particles is easier to analyze). However, the ceria coating can be applied by a precisely identical ALD procedure. The HR-SEM image also shows that there are almost no acrylic contaminants on the outside of the particles. The outer casing and ALD coating are quite smooth. Here, a fixed ALD coating technique (coating a powder on a wafer) has been used which has given very promising results. Powder coating using, for example, fluid bed ALD should, if not better, give at least similar results. In addition, powder coated ALD should also be capable of coating large quantities of powder. Coating of multiple grams of powder reactants is known in the art. Note that the invention is not limited to obtaining a coating (or casing) on the core by an ALD procedure. Other programs can also be applied. Example 5: Utilizing Low Molecular Weight Polyoxymethylene Illustratively Impregnated Trisoperl Particles A commercial QD from a crystal plexus was modified with a polyoxyalkylene ligand as described in PCT/IB2013/059577, which is incorporated herein by reference. The ligand used is a 5000 Mw polyoxyalkylene molecule (AB109373, viscosity ~ 100 cSt.) having one of the amine functional groups in the branch, wherein the amine group is first converted to the carboxylic acid prior to ligand exchange ( As described in PCT/IB2013/059577). The ligand is bonded to the QD surface via a carboxylic acid, and the oxoxane ligand allows the QD to be easily mixed into the low molecular weight polyoxyalkylene (less than 100 cSt.). After the ligand exchange, the QD was purified once by adding 1 ml of heptane and 2 ml of ethanol to 500 ml of the QD ligand mixture (~ 1% wt QD). The QD pellets were redispersed in 250 ml heptane (hence 2% wt QD). Purified QD in 250 ml of heptane was added to 0.5 g of AB109380 (25-35% methylhydroquinone-dimethyloxane copolymer; viscosity 25-35 cSt.). This gives a clear mixture (impossible without a decyl alkoxide ligand). Add 100 ml of the platinum catalyst in 4 ml of xylene solution (AB146697 (platinum-diethylene tetramethyldioxane mixture; (2.1-2.4% Pt)) to 2 g of AB109356 (polydimethylation) Oxane, ethylene dimethyl oxirane capping; viscosity 100 cSt.). QD-AB109380 mixture and Pt-109356 are combined and vigorously stirred for a few minutes, resulting in a clear and transparent curable QD-polyoxyl Mixture (0.2% wt QD) 0.5 g of triosperl particles were added to the mixture and mixed for 1 minute to allow impregnation. The QD-polyoxy-triosperl mixture was placed on a Buchner funnel and filtered for 10 minutes. In this way, excess QD-polyoxygenated liquid was removed and a relatively dry but slightly viscous powder remained on the Buchner funnel. The resulting impregnated powder was studied under a microscope and the particles were properly impregnated from the bright field image. QD-polyoxygenated liquid (no black but bright appearance). In a fluorescent microscope, a bright appearance from the impregnated particles was observed. Next, the triosperl particles impregnated with the QD-polyoxyl mixture were cured. After 5 minutes of curing, the light in the bright field image is bright The portion disappeared and completely disappeared after 90 minutes of solidification. After 90 minutes of solidification, the particles had a black appearance due to the shrinkage of polyoxymethylene after curing (compared to high molecular weight polyfluorene oxide, This is more pronounced for low molecular weight polyfluorene oxides, which results in "cracking" within the pores. The rupture causes light scattering, giving a black appearance (also observed for acrylate filled particles). Finally, the cured impregnated triosperl particles are obtained. Mixing into toluene and sonication for 2 minutes. Ultrasonic treatment thus re-agglomerates the particles into a fine dispersion of impregnated particles in toluene. After ultrasonic treatment, the particles are introduced into Ebecryl 150 (a high viscosity acrylate) The bright field microscope image of the solidified impregnated triosperl particles exhibits a black appearance (the black appearance remains). In other words, no refilling of the porous particles is observed (which causes the particles to become non-scattering). For unimpregnated particles, Refilling was observed in tens of seconds. This is not the case for polyfluorene-impregnated particles. The immersion and solidified triosperl fluorescence microscope targets all particles. The sub-displays the uniform luminescence of the particles. In summary, it is also shown that the triosperl particles can be impregnated with a curable QD-polyoxyl mixture, which is curable and can be washed in toluene by ultrasonic treatment, resulting in a fine deagglomeration (de- Powder of agglomerated) AB109356 means polydimethyl methoxy oxane, ethylene dimethyl methoxyoxy terminated; viscosity 100 cSt.; AB109380 means 25-35% methylhydroquinone-dimethyl oxime An alkane copolymer; viscosity 25-35 cSt; AB146697 refers to a mixture of platinum-divinyltetramethyldioxane in xylene; (2.1-2.4% Pt). These chemicals are commercially available from ABCR.

1‧‧‧Lighting device

2‧‧‧Luminescent material/luminescent material particles/particle luminescent materials

5‧‧‧Lighting device lighting

10‧‧‧Light source

11‧‧‧Light/Source Light

17‧‧‧Light Emitting Diode (LED) Grains

20‧‧‧First particle/particle/luminescent material particles

21‧‧‧Porous inorganic material core/porous core/inorganic core

22‧‧‧ pores

100‧‧‧wavelength converter/optical converter

110‧‧‧Polymer/First Polymer

111‧‧‧curable or polymerizable precursors

120‧‧ ‧ quantum dots

121‧‧‧ visible luminescent quantum dot light

150‧‧‧second luminescent material

151‧‧‧Lighting / use of second luminescent material light

170‧‧‧ modules

171‧‧‧ wall

172‧‧‧ cavity

173‧‧‧Transmission window

220‧‧‧ Seal

320‧‧‧Multilayer coating/shell

321‧‧‧First floor/single floor

322‧‧‧ second floor

420‧‧‧Matrix/transparent solid substrate

711‧‧‧Liquid

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which FIG. Some aspects; Figures 2a to 2e schematically depict some aspects of one embodiment of a lighting device; Figure 3 (including Figures 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d) shows on-site dip dyeing of Trisoperl PSP with Ebecryl 150 . The black interior (unfilled portion) slowly disappears over time; Figure 4 shows a fluorescent microscope image showing that the particles exhibit bright QD emission; Figure 5a shows one of the HR-SEM images of one of the ALD-a particles. Figures 5b to 5d show elemental analysis of EDX by the regions indicated in Figure 5a of the HR-SEM, respectively (image spectra 4, 5, 7). Figure 6a shows the normalized photoluminescence intensity (PL I) of an unimpregnated sample and impregnated sample as a function of time (t, in seconds) in N ₂ and air atmosphere. All measurements were performed at 10 W/cm ² blue flux and at 100 ° C; Figure 6b shows normalized photoluminescence of the impregnated sample with and without ALD coating as a function of time in N ₂ and air atmosphere Luminous intensity (PL I). All measurements were performed at 10 W/cm ² blue flux and at 100 °C. Figure 6c shows the normalized photoluminescence intensity (PL I) as a function of time (t, in seconds) of an impregnated sample with an ALD coating and no ALD coating in N ₂ and an air atmosphere. All measurements were performed at 10 W/cm ² blue flux and at 100 ° C; and Figure 6d shows the impregnated sample with ALD coating and no ALD coating as time in N ₂ and air atmosphere (t, Normalized photoluminescence intensity (PL I) as a function of seconds. All measurements were performed at 10 W/cm ² blue flux and at 100 °C. However, in Figures 6b and 6c, the curves of "impregnated ALD-a/c, air" are continued with the same sample indicated in the same chart as "impregnated ALD-a/c, N ₂ ", respectively. Figure 6d shows the curve obtained after the impregnated ALD particles are directly subjected to photoluminescence under air conditions (curve 4) "impregnated ALD-c, air" (thus without PL under N ₂ as a function of time) An earlier measurement). The curves in Figures 6a to 6d are indicated in Table 1 below. Table 1: Overview of the curves in Figures 6a to 6d Curve 1 Curve 2 Curve 3 Curve 4 Figure 6a Unimpregnated, N ₂ not impregnated, air impregnated, no ALD, N ₂ impregnated, no ALD, air Fig. 6b Impregnated, no ALD, N ₂ impregnated, no ALD, air impregnated, ALD-a, N ₂ impregnated, ALD-a, air Fig. 6c impregnated, no ALD, N ₂ impregnated, no ALD, air Impregnated, ALD-c, N ₂ impregnated, ALD-c, air Fig. 6d impregnated, no ALD, N ₂ impregnated, no ALD, air impregnated, ALD-c, N ₂ impregnated, ALD-c Air Figure 7a is an SEM image of a section of an ALD-b particle. Spectra (S1 to S3) (Figures 7b to 7d, respectively) show elemental analysis of EDX by the region indicated in the SEM image; Figures 8a to 8b show a non-ALD coated PSP reactant 1 (8a) and ALD -b coated SEM image of the filled opening of PSP (8b); Figure 8c shows one of the particles SEM in more detail. The filling opening is clearly visible.

Claims (10)

A luminescent material (2) comprising particles (20) having a porous inorganic material core (21) having at least partially filled with luminescent quantum dots (120) embedded therein The pores (22) of the polymeric material (110), and the porous inorganic material thereof include one or more of porous cerium oxide, porous alumina, porous glass, porous zirconia, and porous titanium oxide. The luminescent material (2) of claim 1, wherein the particles (20) comprise an encapsulation (220) encapsulating at least a portion of the core (21). The luminescent material (2) of claim 2, wherein the encapsulation (220) comprises an operation selected from the group consisting of cerium-containing oxides, aluminum-containing oxides, zirconium-containing oxides, glasses, titanium-containing oxides, cerium-containing oxides, and One of the groups of cerium oxide compositions is at least partially coated with a coating of one of the particles (20). The luminescent material (2) of claim 2 or 3, wherein the encapsulation (220) comprises coating a multilayer coating of the particles (20), wherein the multilayer coating (320) comprises an organic polymer coating a layer and an inorganic coating, or at least two coatings selected from the group consisting of cerium-containing oxides, aluminum-containing oxides, zirconium-containing oxides, glasses, titanium-containing oxides, cerium-containing oxides, and cerium-containing oxides Floor. The luminescent material (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the particles (20) have a particle size (ps) in the range of 1 μm to 500 μm, wherein the pores (21) have The average pore size (dp) in the range of 0.1 μm to 10 μm, and wherein the polymeric material (110) comprises one or more of an acrylate, polyoxyn oxide or epoxy type polymer. A wavelength converter (100) comprising a light transmissive solid substrate (m), the light transmissive solid substrate (420) having a luminescent material (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 5 embedded therein. The wavelength converter (100) of claim 6, further comprising a second luminescent material (150). A illuminating device (1) comprising: a light source (10) configured to generate a source of light (11), the luminescent material (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the luminescent material ( 2) Configured to convert at least a portion of the source light (11) into visible illuminating quantum dot light (121). The illuminating device (1) of claim 8, wherein the luminescent quantum dots (120) are selected from the group consisting of core-shell quantum dots, wherein the core is selected from the group consisting of: CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, HgSTe, CdZnS, CdZnSe, CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HgZnTe, CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe, HgZnSTe, GaN, GaP, GaAs, AlN, AlP, AlAs, InN, InP, InGaP, InAs, GaNP, GaNAs, GaPAs, AlNP, AlNAs, AlPAs, InNP, InNAs, InPAs, GaAlNP, GaAlNAs, GaAlPAs, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInPAs, InAlNP, InAlNAs, and InAlPAs nanoparticles. The illuminating device (1) of claim 8 or 9, comprising a wavelength converter (100) according to any one of claims 6 or 7 disposed at a zero or non-zero distance (d) from the light source (10) The illumination device (1) further includes a second luminescent material (150), wherein the second luminescent material (150) is excited by the light (11) compared to the luminescent quantum dots (120) Another wavelength distribution with luminescence.