TW201919282A - Antenna system - Google Patents

Abstract

An antenna system includes a first polarized antenna module and a second polarized antenna module. The first polarized antenna module is arranged on a substrate with a fist polarized direction, and includes a switch, first antenna units and first reflector units. The first antenna units are coupled to the switch, and a conducted first antenna unit, which is conducted by the switch, of the first antenna units has a first radiation pattern. The first reflector units are arranged on the sides of each of the first antenna units respectively, and configured to adjust the first radiation pattern of the conducted first antenna unit respectively. The second polarized antenna module is arranged on the substrate with a second polarized direction, which is perpendicular to the first polarized direction, and configured to operate with the first polarized antenna module.

Description

Antenna system

The present invention relates to an antenna system, and more particularly to an antenna system for beam switching.

With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the transmission stability of wireless signals and the energy intensity of wireless transmission are becoming more and more important in communication quality. Today, the methods used to address poor communication quality include the use of Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna systems to extend the signal coverage area and the use of directional antennas for wireless communication in specific directions. transmission.

However, the use of MIMO antenna systems or directional antennas requires a large number of antennas. MIMO antenna systems require multiple antennas to cover the entire area. Directional antennas also need to be configured in multiple locations to ensure that the signals are received by users located at any location. . For the above reasons, the use of a MIMO antenna system or a directional antenna increases the cost due to the large number of antennas required.

Therefore, how to design an antenna system that does not require multiple antennas and covers the location of all users in the space is an important goal today.

In order to solve the above problems, an antenna system provided by the present invention includes a first polarized antenna module and a second polarized antenna module. The first polarized antenna module is disposed on the substrate and has a first polarization direction, and includes a switch, a plurality of first antenna units, and a plurality of first reflective units. The plurality of first antenna units are coupled to the switch, and the conducting of the plurality of first antenna units via the switch causes the first antenna units to have a first radiation pattern. The first reflection units are respectively disposed on two sides of the first antenna units, and are respectively configured to adjust the conductive first antenna units to generate a first radiation pattern. The second polarized antenna module is disposed on the substrate for cooperative operation with the first polarized antenna module and has a second polarization direction perpendicular to the first polarization direction.

In summary, the present invention is implemented in a system by combining antenna modules of two different design concepts, and operating under different frequencies to achieve beam switching function, and bipolar with both vertical and horizontal polarization. Characteristics.

In order to make the description of the present invention more detailed and complete, reference is made to the accompanying drawings and the various embodiments described below. On the other hand, well-known elements and steps are not described in the embodiments to avoid unnecessarily limiting the content of the present invention.

The terms "coupled" or "connected" as used in the following various embodiments may mean that two or more elements are "directly" in physical or electrical contact with each other, or are "indirectly" in physical or electrical contact with each other. It can also mean that two or more components interact with each other.

In this document, "one" and "the" can be used to mean one or more, unless the article specifically defines the article. It will be further understood that the terms "comprising", "comprising", "having", and <RTIgt; One or more of its other features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

In some embodiments, the antenna system 100 disclosed in the present disclosure is a smart beam switching antenna system 100, which can adjust the beam pointing of the antenna system 100 according to the location of the detected user, thereby achieving a large receiving signal. strength.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna system 100 in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1 , in some embodiments, the antenna system 100 includes a first polarized antenna module 110 , a second polarized antenna module 120 , a third polarized antenna module 130 , and a substrate 140 . The polarized antenna module 110, the second polarized antenna module 120, and the third polarized antenna module 130 are respectively disposed on the substrate 140.

In some embodiments, the substrate 140 can be a square or other shaped substrate having a length and a width of about 10 to 80 cm, but is not limited thereto, and the substrate design space of any size and shape is within the scope of the present invention. The distance between the first polarized antenna module 110 and the second polarized antenna module 120 and/or the distance from the third polarized antenna module 130 is approximately the low frequency application frequency band of the designed antenna. One-eighth wavelength to one wavelength, but is not limited thereto, and any size and spacing are within the scope of the present invention. In this embodiment, the distance between the first polarized antenna module 110 and the second polarized antenna module 120 and the third polarized antenna module 130 is about eight points of the low frequency application frequency band of the designed antenna. One wavelength to one wavelength is mainly to ensure the isolation between the first polarized antenna module 110 and the second polarized antenna module 120 and the third polarized antenna module 130, thereby avoiding The second polarized antenna module 120 and the third polarized antenna module 130 interact with each other.

In some embodiments, the first polarized antenna module 110 is a horizontally polarized antenna module, and the second polarized antenna module 120 and the third polarized antenna module 130 are vertically polarized antenna modules. However, it is not limited thereto, and any polarization direction that does not interfere with each other or signal transmission and the number of configurations on the substrate are within the scope of the present invention. In some embodiments, the second polarized antenna module 120 and the third polarized antenna module 130 have the same circuit configuration and are disposed on opposite sides of the substrate 140 to achieve signal isolation. The actual configuration and operation method of the first polarized antenna module 110, the second polarized antenna module 120, and the third polarized antenna module 130 will be described in detail later.

In some embodiments, the first polarized antenna module 110, the second polarized antenna module 120, and the third polarized antenna module 130 in the antenna system 100 can operate simultaneously to achieve dual polarization. Antenna system. The advantage of the dual-polarized antenna system is that the antenna system 100 can simultaneously receive signals from two different directions or transmit signals to users in two different directions, and can simultaneously transmit and receive signals to provide spatial grading and reduction. The effect of multipath fading and the expansion of the signal coverage area of the antenna system 100.

FIG. 2A is a top view of the first polarized antenna module 110a according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2A, the first polarized antenna module 110a includes first antenna units 210, 220, 230, 240, switches 250, and reflective units 212, 214, 222, 224, 232, 234, 242, 244. The reflection unit 212 and the reflection unit 214 are disposed on two sides of the first antenna unit 210. The reflection unit 222 and the reflection unit 224 are disposed on two sides of the first antenna unit 220. The reflection unit 232 The reflection unit 234 is disposed on the two sides of the first antenna unit 230, the reflection unit 242 and the reflection unit 244 are disposed on two sides of the first antenna unit 240, and the first antenna units 210, 220, 230, and 240 are connected to the switch 250, respectively.

In some embodiments, the first antenna units 210, 220, 230, and 240 are dual-band antennas, wherein the dual-frequency includes 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz, but is not limited thereto, and any frequency is within the scope of the present disclosure. Inside. In some embodiments, the first antenna units 210, 220, 230, and 240 may be implemented by a Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA), a dipole antenna, and a Loop antenna. However, it is not limited thereto, and any circuit component suitable for implementing a horizontally polarized antenna unit is within the scope of the present invention.

In some embodiments, the switch 250 is coupled to the first antenna units 210, 220, 230, and 240, and is switched according to different states to turn on the first antenna units 210, 220, 230, and 240. In one of them, the turned-on first antenna unit is operated accordingly. In some embodiments, the switch 250 can be implemented by a pair of four switches or more, but is not limited thereto, and the switch 250 can be designed according to the number of first antenna units included in the first polarized antenna module 110a. Switch the number.

In some embodiments, the reflection unit 212 and the reflection unit 214 are configured to adjust a radiation pattern corresponding to the first antenna unit 210, and the reflection unit 222 and the reflection unit 224 are used to adjust the first antenna unit 220. The reflecting unit 232 and the reflecting unit 234 are configured to adjust a radiation pattern corresponding to the first antenna unit 230. The reflecting unit 242 and the reflecting unit 244 are configured to adjust the first antenna unit 240. Corresponding radiation patterns make the radiation patterns of the first antenna units 210, 220, 230, 240 each have directivity.

In some embodiments, the reflective units 212, 214, 222, 224, 232, 234, 242, and 244 may be implemented by a right triangle, but are not limited thereto, and any may be used to adjust the corresponding second antenna unit. The radiation field type, in order to achieve the shape of the concentrated radiation field effect, is within the scope of the present invention. In addition, in some embodiments, the reflective units 212, 214, 222, 224, 232, 234, 242, and 244 are made of metal strips, but are not limited thereto, and any material that can be reflective and does not cause a dead angle is transmitted. All are within the scope of the present invention.

In some embodiments, a distance d ₁ between the low frequency radiating portion and the corresponding left reflecting unit in the first antenna unit is an eighth wavelength, and the high frequency radiating portion in the first antenna unit The distance d ₂ from the corresponding reflecting unit on the right side is one-eighth wavelength, but is not limited thereto, and any distance is within the scope of the present invention. For example, as shown in FIG. 2A, the distance between the low-frequency radiating portion of the first antenna unit 210 and its corresponding reflecting unit 214 is d ₁ , and the high-frequency radiating portion of the first antenna unit 210 and its pair The distance from the reflection unit 212 should be d ₂ . In some embodiments, the distance d ₁ may be 12 to 16 mm, and the distance d ₂ may be in the range of 7 to 9 mm.

In some embodiments, the reflective units 212, 214, 222, 224, 232, 234, 242, and 244 are not grounded, and the reflective units 212, 214, 222, 224, 232, 234, 242, and 244 and the The first antenna units 210, 220, 230, 240 correspond to an angle θ _{1 of one} , but are not limited thereto, the reflection units 212, 214, 222, 224, 232, 234, 242, and 244 and the first The angle of any angle between the antenna elements 210, 220, 230, 240 corresponding to one is within the scope of the present invention. For example, as shown in FIG. 2A, the angle between the reflection unit 212 and the first antenna unit 210 is an angle θ ₁ . In some embodiments, the included angle θ ₁ may be 30 to 45 degrees.

FIG. 2B is a top view of the first polarized antenna module 110b according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2B, the first polarized antenna module 110b includes the first antenna units 210, 220, 230, 240, the switch 250, the reflection units 212a, 214a, 222a, 224a, 232a, 234a, 242a, 244a, wherein the reflecting surfaces of the reflecting units 212a, 214a, 222a, 224a, 232a, 234a, 242a, 244a have a circular arc shape, and the materials and the reflecting units 212, 214 in FIG. 2A, 222, 224, 232, 234, 242, 244 are the same.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the first polarized antenna module 110a in FIG. 2A according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3, in some embodiments, when the switch 250 is switched such that the first antenna unit 210 is activated, the first antenna units 220, 230, and 240 are turned off. In this state, the The first polarized antenna module 110a, through the cooperative operation of the first antenna unit 210 and the reflectors 212, 214, generates a beam 310 that is transmitted upward as shown in FIG. 3, and in some embodiments, the beam 310 The frequency is 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz.

Similarly, when the switch 250 is switched to enable the first antenna unit 220 to be activated, the first antenna units 210, 230, and 240 are turned off. In this state, the first polarized antenna module 110a is transparent. The cooperative operation of the first antenna unit 220 and the reflectors 222, 224 produces a beam (not shown) that is transmitted to the left as shown in FIG. 3, and in some embodiments, the frequency of the beam is 2.4 GHz. Or 5 GHz; when the switch 250 is switched to enable the first antenna unit 230 to be activated, the first antenna units 210, 220, and 240 are turned off. In this state, the first polarized antenna module 110a transmits The cooperative operation of the first antenna unit 230 and the reflective units 232, 234 produces a beam (not shown) that is transmitted downward as shown in FIG. 3, and in some embodiments, the frequency of the beam is 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz. When the switch 250 is switched such that the first antenna unit 240 is activated, the first antenna units 210, 220, and 230 are turned off. In this state, the first polarized antenna module 110a transmits the first The cooperative operation of the antenna unit 240 and the reflecting units 242, 244 will be transmitted to the right as shown in FIG. Beam (not shown), and in some embodiments, the frequency of this beam is a beam 2.4GHz or 5GHz.

In some embodiments, the operation mode of the first polarized antenna module 110b in FIG. 2B is the same as that of the first polarized antenna module 110a in FIG. 2A, and details are not described herein again.

4A is a side view of a second polarized antenna module 120, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4A , in some embodiments, the second polarized antenna module 120 includes a second antenna unit 410 and a plurality of second reflective units 415 , wherein the second reflective units 415 include a reflective plate 420 . , 430, 440 and 450. In some embodiments, the reflector 420 and the reflector 440 are disposed on a first side of the second antenna unit 410, and the reflector 430 and the reflector 450 are disposed on the second antenna unit 410 relative to the first The second side of the side. In some embodiments, the second polarized antenna module 120 includes four reflective plates, but is not limited thereto, and any double-numbered reflective plates disposed on opposite sides of the second antenna unit are in the content of the present invention. Within the scope of protection.

In some embodiments, the second antenna unit 410 operates under dual frequency, wherein the dual frequency may include 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz, but is not limited thereto, and any frequency is within the scope of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the second antenna unit 410 can be implemented by a Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA), a Loop antenna, and an Open Loop, but is not limited thereto. The circuit elements that implement the vertically polarized antenna elements are all within the scope of the present disclosure.

In some embodiments, the reflector 420 and the reflector 430 have the same height, and the reflector 440 and the reflector 450 have the same height and are higher than the reflector 420 and the reflector 430. In some embodiments, the height of the reflector 440 is twice the height of the reflector 420, but is not limited thereto, and any reflector height that can be used to adjust the radiation pattern of the second antenna unit 410 is The scope of the invention is protected. In some embodiments, the height of the reflector must be higher than the height of the corresponding antenna. For example, the height of the reflector 420 needs to be greater than the height of the high-frequency radiation portion of the second antenna unit 410. A height greater than the low frequency radiation portion of the second antenna unit 410 is required.

In some embodiments, the reflector may be implemented by a thin metal strip having a line width of 3 mm to 5 mm, but is not limited thereto, and any reflector that can be used to adjust the radiation pattern is protected by the present invention. In the range.

FIG. 4B is a top view of the second polarized antenna module 120 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4B, in some embodiments, the second polarized antenna module 120 further includes switches 462, 464, 466, and 468, wherein the switch 462 is coupled to the reflector 440, and the switch 464 is coupled to The reflector 420 is coupled to the reflector 430 , and the switch 468 is coupled to the reflector 450 . In some embodiments, the switches 462, 464, 466, and 468 are coupled to an electronic chip to control the plurality of switches to cut or turn on the corresponding reflector. For example, the electronic chip controls the switch 462 to The connection to the reflection plate 440 is cut or turned on.

In practical applications, when the switch is cut so that the reflector and the electronic chip are not turned on, the reflector acts as a director, and when the switch is turned on so that the reflector and the electronic wafer are turned on, the reflection The function of the plate is a reflector. In some embodiments, the switches 462, 464, 466, and 468 may be implemented by a diode, but are not limited thereto, and any electronic component that can be used to cut or turn on the reflector is protected by the present disclosure. In the range.

In some embodiments, the reflective plate 420. The distance d and the second antenna element 410, a distance d of the second antenna element 410, the reflection plate ₃ and the same as _4304, the reflective sheet 440 and the second antenna The distance d _{5 of} the line unit 410 and the distance d _{6 of the} reflection plate 450 from the second antenna unit 410 are the same. In some embodiments, the distance from the reflecting plate 420 and the second antenna element 410, the distance d ₃ and the reflection plate 430 and the second antenna element 410, _{d. 4} is one eighth band high-frequency applications wavelengths to a quarter wavelength distance from the reflecting plate 440 and the second antenna element 410, d _5, and the reflection plate 450 and the second antenna element 410, d ₆ into a low frequency band applications eighths One wavelength to one quarter wavelength. For example, the distance d3 and the distance d ₄ range from 7.5 mm to 15 mm, and the distance d ₅ and the distance d ₆ range from 15.6 mm to 30 mm.

5A, 5B, and 5C are schematic diagrams showing the operation of the second polarized antenna module 120 in FIG. 4B according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5A, in some embodiments, when only the switch 464 is switched to enable the reflector 420 to be activated, the second polarized antenna module 120 transmits the second antenna unit 410 and the reflector 420. In concert, a beam 510 is transmitted as shown to the right of Figure 5A, and in some embodiments, the frequency of this beam 510 is 5 GHz. As shown in FIG. 5B, in some embodiments, when only the switch 466 is switched such that the reflector 430 is activated, the second polarized antenna module 120 is cooperatively operated by the second antenna unit 410 and the reflector 430. A beam 520 is transmitted to the left as shown in Figure 5B, and in some embodiments, the frequency of this beam 520 is 5 GHz. As shown in FIG. 5C, in some embodiments, when the switch 464 is switched such that the reflector 420 is activated and the switch 466 is switched such that the reflector 430 is activated, the second polarized antenna module 120 transmits the second antenna. The cooperative operation of unit 410 and reflectors 420, 430 produces a beam 530 that passes upward as in Figure 5C and a beam 540 that passes downward as in Figure 5C, and in some embodiments, the beams 530 and 540 The frequency is 5 GHz.

Similarly, when only the switch 462 is switched to enable the reflector 440 to be activated, the second polarized antenna module 120, through the cooperation of the second antenna unit 410 and the reflector 440, generates a picture as shown in FIG. 5A. a beam transmitted to the right (not shown), and in some embodiments, the frequency of the beam is 2.4 GHz; when only the switch 468 is switched such that the reflector 450 is activated, the second polarized antenna module 120 transmits the The cooperative operation of the second antenna unit 410 and the reflector 450 produces a beam (not shown) transmitted to the left in FIG. 5B, and in some embodiments, the frequency of the beam is 2.4 GHz; when the switch When the switch 468 and the reflector 468 simultaneously turn on the reflector 440 and the reflector 450, the second polarized antenna module 120 transmits the second antenna unit 410 and the reflectors 440 and 450 in cooperation, and the 5C figure is generated upward and The beam transmitted below (not shown), and in some embodiments, the frequency of the upper and lower beams is 2.4 GHz.

In a practical application, when detecting that the user enters a specific Beam Footprint, the switch switches the plurality of switches of the antenna system 100 to adjust the beam to the user, so that the Received Signal Strength Indicator (Received Signal Strength Indicator, RSSI) reaches the maximum.

In summary, the present invention is implemented in a system by combining antenna modules of two different design concepts, and operating under different frequencies to achieve beam switching function, and bipolar with both vertical and horizontal polarization. Characteristics.

The present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It is to be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

100‧‧‧Antenna system

110, 110a, 110b‧‧‧ first polarized antenna module

120‧‧‧Second-polarized antenna module

130‧‧‧Digital Polarized Antenna Module

140‧‧‧Substrate

210, 220, 230, 240‧‧‧ first antenna unit

212, 214, 222, 224, 232, 234, 242, 244, 212a, 214a, 222a, 224a, 232a, 234a, 242a, 244a ‧ ‧ reflection unit

250‧‧‧ switch

θ ₁ ‧‧‧ angle

d ₁ , d ₂ , d ₃ , d ₄ , d ₅ , d ₆ ‧‧‧ distance

310, 510, 520, 530, 540‧‧ beams

410‧‧‧second antenna unit

415‧‧‧Reflective unit

420, 430, 440, 450‧‧ ‧ reflector

462, 464, 466, 468‧ ‧ switch

The above and other objects, features, advantages and embodiments of the present invention will become more <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; 2A is a top view of a first polarized antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; FIG. 2B is a first polarization according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the first polarized antenna module in FIG. 2A according to some embodiments of the present invention; FIG. 4A is a diagram of some embodiments according to the present disclosure. FIG. 4B is a top view of the second polarized antenna module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; and FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B and FIG. 5C is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the second polarized antenna module in FIG. 4B according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims (11)

An antenna system includes: a first polarization antenna module disposed on a substrate and having a first polarization direction, the first polarization antenna module comprising: a first switch; a plurality of first days a line unit, coupled to the first switch, wherein the first antenna unit is turned on by the first switch, and the first antenna unit has a first radiation field type; and a plurality of first reflection units, The first reflection units are respectively disposed on the two sides of the first antenna unit, and the first reflection units are respectively configured to adjust the first radiation field type of the first antenna unit; and a second polarization antenna module is disposed. The substrate is configured to cooperate with the first polarized antenna module and has a second polarization direction perpendicular to the first polarization direction. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein the second polarized antenna module comprises: a plurality of second switches; a second antenna unit having a second radiation field; and a plurality of second reflecting units And being disposed on the two sides of the second antenna unit, and respectively coupled to the second switches, wherein the second reflective units are turned on by at least one of the second reflective units, respectively, for adjusting the second day The second radiation pattern of the line unit. The antenna system of claim 2, wherein the first switch and one of the second switches are respectively switched to change a field type of the antenna system. The antenna system of claim 1, further comprising: a third polarized antenna module disposed on the substrate opposite to the other side of the second polarized antenna module and having the second polarization direction . The antenna system of claim 4, wherein the third polarized antenna module comprises: a plurality of third switches; a third antenna unit having a third radiation field; and a plurality of third reflecting units, respectively The third switch is respectively disposed on the two sides of the third antenna unit, and the third reflective units are respectively configured to adjust the third radiation pattern of the third antenna unit. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein the first polarized antenna module and the second polarized antenna module operate under a plurality of frequency bands, wherein the frequency bands comprise 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. The antenna system of claim 2, wherein the second reflecting units comprise: a first reflecting plate; a second reflecting plate, wherein the first reflecting plate and the second reflecting plate are respectively disposed on the first day The opposite sides of the line unit; a third reflecting plate disposed between the first reflecting plate and the first antenna unit; and a fourth reflecting plate disposed on the other side opposite to the second reflecting plate. The antenna system of claim 7, wherein the heights of the first reflector and the second reflector are a first height from the substrate, and the height of the third reflector and the fourth reflector are from the substrate Each is a second height, wherein the first height is greater than the second height. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein the first antenna units are respectively disposed on four sides of a square, and the first reflecting units are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first antenna units. . The antenna system of claim 1, wherein the distance between the first reflection units and the first antenna units is 1/8 wavelength. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein the first reflecting units are in the shape of a right triangle or the reflecting surfaces of the first reflecting units are arcuate.