TW201918627A - Overspeed protection device and a wind turbine using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure provides an overspeed protection device and a wind turbine using the same, the overspeed protection device includes a hollow sleeve, a sliding member and a damper. The hollow sleeve is penetrated to form a sliding track thereon; the sliding member slides in the hollow sleeve and connects with a blade, and includes a positioning pin which slides in the sliding track. The sliding member and the blade are driven to rotate by the positioning pin when it slides along the sliding track with the effect of the centrifugal force. The damper is disposed in the hollow sleeve and to abut against the sliding member. Therefore, the speed of the wind turbine would be reduced by the reduction of the windward area when the blade rotates, so as to avoid the damage to the wind turbine caused by overspeed.

Description

Over-rotation protection device and fan applied thereto

The present invention relates to an over-rotation protection device, and more particularly to an over-rotation protection device that is applied to a fan to prevent its rotational speed from being too high.

Since entering the 21st century, the demand for energy in the international community has exploded, and the prices of various non-renewable energy have also risen. On the other hand, the use of fossil fuels for environmental pollution caused by power generation or traffic vehicles is annual. It also claimed tens of millions of lives. To this end, all countries in the world are looking for alternative energy solutions that are low-pollution and have sustainable viability.

Wind power generation is a kind of truly zero-polluting renewable energy. It not only has no problem of highly toxic waste of solar photovoltaic panels, but also applies to areas lacking natural conditions such as water and geothermal, and wind power is inexhaustible energy, as long as there is wind. The continuous generation of electricity is a renewable energy with a relatively high return on investment.

The wind turbine used in wind power generation is a sophisticated instrument. Since the size of the natural wind is not fixed, some of the larger wind turbines are equipped with corresponding gearboxes, so that the speed difference caused by different winds. The speed that the fan can withstand has its limits. When the speed is too high, the gearbox or other hardware structure will be subjected to excessive load and there is a risk of damage. However, for the problem of over-rotation of the generator, the existing practice only passively increases the upper limit of the power generation capacity of the generator, so as to exchange for the higher allowable value of the rotational speed, but it does not solve the problem that the related components are easily damaged, resulting in the maintenance cost of the fan. Too high.

Another conventional practice is to connect the load resistance of the power conversion controller of the fan. When the fan over-rotates and exceeds the load of the power conversion controller, the load resistor can be used to consume excess power, but this method still only considers the protection of the circuit structure. Also, the problem of damage to the hardware structure due to excessive load is not solved.

Therefore, in order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a over-rotation protection device and a fan using the same, which utilizes a cooperating chute track and a sliding member to automatically reduce the windward area of the fan when the rotation speed is too high. This achieves the purpose of over-protection.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, an over-rotation protection device includes a hollow rod member, a sliding member and a damping member; the surface of the hollow rod member is provided with one of the inner chute rails, and the two chute rails The ends are respectively a first position and a second position, and the positions of the first position and the second position in the radial direction and the length direction of the hollow rod are different; the sliding member is slidably disposed in the hollow rod, and The sliding member has a positioning sliding pin which is slidably disposed on the sliding groove rail to move between the first position and the second position; the damping member is disposed in the hollow rod member and abuts against the sliding member.

When the over-rotation protection device is installed on the fan and is rotated by the wind, the sliding member in the hollow rod member will be compressed by the centrifugal force to compress the damping member. As the wind force (centrifugal force) is enhanced, the sliding member will be along one side of the hollow rod member. The length direction continues to move, and the body is rotated by the guidance of the positioning slide pin.

When the wind reaches a certain strength, the components external to the sliding member (such as the blades of the fan) will also change direction with the rotation, so that as the wind receiving area decreases, the sliding member presses the force of the damping member by centrifugal force. Also reduced, at this time, the damper pushes back the slider and forms a force balance when the centrifugal force is equal to the restoring force of the damper.

Thereby, the positioning sliding pin is used to guide the steering of the sliding member, and the over-rotation protection device can achieve the effect of preventing the excessive rotation speed of the fan without any external circuit device. In addition, since the restoring force of the damping member is proportional to the amount of compression, when the wind force continuously changes, the damping member will automatically adapt to the size of the wind and change its resetting force, thereby reducing or increasing the wind receiving area of the fan, so that the operating speed of the fan is maintained. Basically constant, helping to extend the life of the gearbox or other components.

In an embodiment, when the positioning sliding pin is moved from the first position to the second position, the rotation angle of the sliding member may be less than or equal to 90 degrees.

In an embodiment, the chute track can respectively form a limiting slot at the first position and the second position.

In an embodiment, the damper member may be a spring, an elastic spring, a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, but is not limited thereto.

In an embodiment, the hollow rod member may be provided with a magnet at the first position or the second position, and the positioning slide pin may be a magnetic material.

According to the above embodiment, the over-rotation protection device of the present invention can freely switch between the maximum wind receiving area (0 degree) and the minimum wind receiving area (90 degrees); and in order to prevent the positioning sliding pin from reciprocating too frequently due to the influence of the wind force The first position and the second position, the limiting groove on the chute track can provide a buffering function, and the positioning sliding pin can start to slip away from the limiting slot only when the wind is large enough or the wind is reduced to a certain extent. Thereby reducing the chance of friction between the positioning slide pin and the chute track. In addition, the hollow rod is provided with a magnet at the first position or the second position to attract the positioning sliding pin, which can increase the resistance (magnetic attraction) when the positioning sliding pin is separated from the two positions, further increasing the cushioning performance.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a wind turbine comprising at least one overrun protection device of the foregoing embodiment, a main shaft and at least one connecting rod; the technical features of the overturn protection device are as described in the foregoing embodiments, so No longer detailed; the spindle is horizontally connected to the over-rotation protection device; the connecting rod is disposed through the hollow rod member, and one end of the connecting rod is connected to the sliding member, and the other end is exposed to the hollow rod member for connecting a blade.

Thereby, when the outer blade is subjected to the wind in the horizontal direction, the connecting rod applies centrifugal force to the sliding member to move it, and at the same time, the positioning sliding pin rotates together with the sliding member according to the sliding groove track, thereby changing the wind receiving area. In order to adjust the size of the wind, keep the fan at a constant speed.

In an embodiment, the fan may further include a plurality of over-rotation protection devices and a same number of connecting rods, and each connecting rod is respectively connected to the sliding member of the different over-rotation protection device; in addition, the aforementioned over-rotation protection device may wait The distance ring is arranged around the main shaft.

In an embodiment, when the positioning sliding pin is moved from the first position to the second position, the rotation angle of the sliding member may be less than or equal to 90 degrees.

In an embodiment, the chute track can respectively form a limiting slot at the first position and the second position.

In an embodiment, the damper member may be a spring, an elastic spring, a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, but is not limited thereto.

In an embodiment, the hollow rod member may be provided with a magnet at the first position or the second position, and the positioning slide pin may be a magnetic material.

In an embodiment, the fan may be a horizontal axis fan or a vertical axis fan.

According to the above embodiment, the over-rotation protection device can directly act on the wind turbine, and since each of the over-rotation protection devices is independently operated, even if the wind is inconsistent due to factors such as the orientation of the installation or the uneven wind, the groups In this case, the transfer protection device can also finely adjust the wind receiving area to ensure the normal operation of the fan.

In order to fully understand the objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail by the following specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the fan 100 of the present invention comprises a spindle 200 , a plurality of over-rotation protection devices 300 and a plurality of connecting rods 400 of the same number as the over-rotation protection device 300 ; the over-rotation protection device 300 is horizontally connected to the side of the spindle 200 And equidistantly disposed around the main shaft, each of the over-rotation protection devices 300 includes a hollow rod member 310, a sliding member 320, and a damping member 330. The surface of the hollow rod 310 is provided with one of the inner chute rails 311, and the two ends of the chute rail 311 are respectively a first position P1 and a second position P2. As shown in FIG. 1, the first position P1 The position of the second position P2 in the radial direction and the length direction of the hollow rod member 310 is different, wherein the position difference between the first position P1 and the second position P2 in the radial direction is about 90 degrees or less. Referring to FIGS. 2A and 2B, the sliding member 320 is slidably disposed in the hollow rod member 310, and the sliding member 320 is provided with a positioning sliding pin 321 disposed on one of the shape matching chute rails 311, and the positioning sliding pin 321 is slidably disposed on the sliding member 320. The chute track 311 moves between the first position P1 and the second position P2. The damper member 330 is also disposed inside the hollow rod member 310, and one end abuts against the top sliding member 320, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the hollow rod member 310. As shown in FIG. 2B, the damper member 330 may be a spring or may be replaced by an elastic spring, a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder. Since there are many components having a damping function, only a few examples are given here, so the damping is The member 330 is not limited to the above elements. In the present embodiment, the connecting rod 400 is passed through the hollow rod 310 and penetrates the damper 330 while the one end is connected to the sliding member 320 and the other end is connected to one of the outer blades F.

Referring to FIGS. 3A and 3B, since the slider 320, the connecting rod 400 and the blade F are fixedly connected, when the positioning sliding pin 321 is slid from the first position P1 to the second position P2, based on Since the orientation in the radial direction is different, the slider 320 will rotate the connecting rod 400 and the blade F to the state of FIG. 3A, thereby causing the wind receiving area of the blade F to decrease.

In addition, the hollow rod 310 may be provided with a magnet 340 at the first position P1 or the second position P2, and the positioning sliding pin 321 may be made of a magnetic material. When the positioning sliding pin 321 is stressed, it tends to be separated from the first position P1 or When the second position P2 is received, the magnetic force of the magnet 340 is attracted, so that it is less likely to be separated from the first position P1 or the second position P2, and the positioning sliding pin 321 is prevented from sliding excessively on the chute track 311 to cause excessive friction. In addition, the first position P1 and the second position P2 are respectively formed with a limiting slot 311A. By the arrangement of the damping member 330, the magnet 340 and the limiting slot 311A, the positioning of the sliding pin 321 needs to overcome the damping force and the magnetic attraction force, and is limited. After the slot 311A slides a sufficient distance, it will be separated from the first position P1 or the second position P2.

Referring to Figures 4A and 4B, the vertical axis fan 100 will be exemplified below, but it should be understood that the vertical axis fan and the horizontal axis fan are only the difference of the rotation direction in the implementation of the present invention, and As described above, the above-described overrunning protection device 300 can be used for both a vertical axis fan and a horizontal axis fan. Therefore, the following embodiments use a vertical axis fan as an example, but the application range of the horizontal axis fan is not excluded.

In the preset state of FIG. 4A (ie, no wind), the positioning slide pin 321 is in the first position P1 by the restoring force of the damping member 330; when the wind pushes the blade F to rotate, the blade F and the connecting rod 400 will The centrifugal force is generated by the rotation, and since the second position P2 is centrifugal with respect to the first position P1, the sliding member 320 will tend to be thrown outward, and further, when the centrifugal force increases with the wind force, the rotational speed increases and is greater than the set value. At this time, the positioning slide pin 321 starts to disengage from the limit groove 311A against the damping force (or additional magnetic force), and slides to the second position P2. As shown in FIG. 4B, when the positioning slide pin 321 is moved to the second position P2, the blade F is rotated to the side, and the shorter side is changed to the wind, so that in the case where the windward area is reduced, the main shaft The speed of 200 is also slowed down, avoiding the problem that the fan 100 continues to operate at a high speed, thereby causing the relevant components to be damaged beyond the load, thereby generating over-rotation protection.

When the centrifugal force is reduced due to the slowing of the rotational speed and is insufficient to resist the restoring force of the damper 330, the damper 330 again moves the positioning slide pin 321 back to the first position P1, and the windward area of the blade F is again increased. Thus, by the damaging force of the damping force and the external wind, the over-rotation protection device 300 can maintain the dynamic balance and continuously adjust the windward area automatically.

In addition, since the resetting action of the partial damping member 330 such as a spring is faster, the magnetic attraction force of the magnet 340 can play a buffering action on the positioning sliding pin 321 to prevent it from moving violently between the first position P1 and the second position P2. The risk of fatigue and breakage of the connecting rod 400 and the blade F in reverse rotation is avoided. At the same time, the magnet 340 and the damper 330 can extend the time during which the locating slide pin 321 is switched between the two positions, and to some extent keep the fan 100 running at a constant speed, thereby protecting the gearbox and its circuit devices or other components.

It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present invention can achieve the over-rotation protection effect of the fan without adding any circuit structure, not only reducing the damage probability of the fan, but also operating without supplying power, and more importantly, The component structure of the transfer protection device is stable and simple, which can greatly improve the endurance of the fan and reduce the maintenance cost.

The invention has been described above in terms of the preferred embodiments, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It should be noted that variations and permutations equivalent to those of the embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the scope of the patent application.

100‧‧‧ fan

200‧‧‧ spindle

300‧‧‧Overturn protection device

310‧‧‧ hollow rods

311‧‧‧Chute track

311A‧‧‧ Limit slot

320‧‧‧Sliding parts

321‧‧‧ Positioning slide pin

330‧‧‧damper parts

340‧‧‧ magnet

400‧‧‧ Connecting rod

F‧‧‧ leaves

P1‧‧‧ first position

P2‧‧‧ second position

Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a fan according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2A is a schematic view of the first position of the overturn protection device.

Figure 2B is a cross-sectional view of the overrun protection device of Figure 2A.

Figure 3A is a schematic view of the second position of the overrun protection device.

Fig. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the overrunning protection device of Fig. 3A.

Figure 4A is a schematic diagram of the state of the first position of the fan.

Figure 4B is a schematic view of the second position state of the fan.

Claims (13)

An over-rotation protection device comprises: a hollow rod member having a surface of a sliding groove passing through the inner surface thereof, wherein the two ends of the sliding groove track are respectively a first position and a second position, and the first position is The second position is different in the radial direction and the longitudinal direction of the hollow rod; a sliding member is slidably disposed in the hollow rod, the sliding member has a positioning sliding pin, and the sliding member is disposed on the sliding slot The rail moves between the first position and the second position; and a damping member is disposed in the hollow rod member and abuts the sliding member. The over-rotation protection device of claim 1, wherein the sliding angle of the sliding member is less than or equal to 90 degrees when the positioning sliding pin is moved from the first position to the second position. The over-rotation protection device of claim 1, wherein the chute track forms a limiting slot in the first position and the second position, respectively. The over-rotation protection device of claim 1, wherein the damping member is a spring, an elastic spring, a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder. The over-rotation protection device of claim 1, wherein the hollow rod is provided with a magnet at the first position or the second position, and the positioning sliding pin is a magnetic material. A fan comprising: at least one over-rotation protection device according to claim 1; a spindle connected horizontally to the over-rotation protection device; and at least one connecting rod penetrating the hollow rod member, one end of the connecting rod The slider is connected and the other end exposes the hollow rod for attaching a blade. The fan of claim 6, further comprising: a plurality of the over-rotation protection devices; and the connecting rods of the same number as the over-rotation protection devices, and each of the connecting rods respectively connects the different sliding members. The fan of claim 7, wherein the overrunning protection device equidistant rings are disposed around the main shaft. The fan of claim 6, wherein the sliding angle of the sliding member is less than or equal to 90 degrees when the positioning sliding pin is moved from the first position to the second position. The fan of claim 6, wherein the chute track forms a limiting slot in the first position and the second position, respectively. The fan of claim 6, wherein the damping member is a spring, an elastic spring, a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder. The fan of claim 6, wherein the hollow rod is provided with a magnet at the first position or the second position, and the positioning sliding pin is a magnetic material. The fan of claim 6, wherein the fan is a horizontal axis fan or a vertical axis fan.