TW201909840A - System, method and machine-readable medium for detecting atrial fibrillation - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of determining atrial fibrillation, said method comprising the steps of: providing an information of n heartbeats over 5 minutes, n is an integer greater than 1; calculating each time interval between every two heartbeats from 0-th to n-th heartbeats so as to obtain an information of n heartbeat intervals; obtaining a standard deviation of heartbeat intervals(SD parameter); comparing the standard deviation of heartbeat intervals with a threshold value, the threshold value is 100; and if the standard deviation of heartbeat intervals exceeds the threshold value, the atrial fibrillation is determined. The SD parameter in present invention is analyzed in time domain, can used to be a predictor of determination for atrial fibrillation. It is helpful to screen for atrial fibrillation quickly and decrease the misuse of medical resources.

Description

 Heartbeat signal analysis system, method and machine readable medium for storing the method for estimating atrial fibrillation  

The present invention relates to a heartbeat signal analysis system and method for estimating atrial fibrillation, and a machine readable medium storing the same, and more particularly to a heartbeat signal analysis system, method and storage method for rapidly estimating atrial fibrillation Machine readable medium.

Atrial fibrillation (AF), also known as atrial fibrillation, atrial fibrillation, atrial fibrillation, atrial fibrillation, atrial fibrillation, etc., is a type of arrhythmia characterized by rapid and irregular heart beats. The duration of atrial fibrillation may be quite short, but the onset may be longer or even less likely to be resolved. Most of the attacks have no symptoms, and sometimes the patient may feel palpitations, fainting, difficulty breathing, chest pain. Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of heart failure, dementia, and stroke.

Atrial fibrillation is the most common cause of abnormal heartbeat. In Europe and North America, an estimated 2 to 3% of the population is affected by atrial fibrillation in 2014, compared to 0.4 to 1% of the population in 2005. The number of patients with this disease has increased. In developing countries, about 0.6% of men suffer from this disease, and about 0.4% of the female population is also plagued by atrial fibrillation. The proportion of people with atrial fibrillation increases with age, with only 0.14% of the population under 50, and 4% for the 60-70 age group, and 14% for those over 80 years old. The elderly will have problems with atrial fibrillation.

The diagnosis of atrial fibrillation mainly depends on the changes of electrocardiogram. It requires professional medical staff to observe the patient's 24-hour ECG and perform manual interpretation. Continuous ECG recording is used as the benchmark data. The advantage is that the calculation is easy and fast. The analysis method is to detect the interval of each QRS complex wave in the continuous electrocardiogram, and the adjacent R wave represents the period of the heartbeat, and the interval between the period and the period is RR interval in milliseconds (ms). The continuous spacing formed by the continuous RR interval represents the heart rate variability, defined as normal-to-normal (NN) interval, and then the correlation statistics are used to quantify the variability of these heartbeat intervals. The commonly used time domain analysis methods and indicators are as follows:

1. standard deviation of all normal to normal intervals (SDNN) - the standard deviation of all normal heartbeat intervals, that is, the square root of the variance, the larger the standard deviation, the greater the heart rate variability , the unit is milliseconds (ms).

2. Short-term standard deviation of average normal to normal intervals index (SDANN index) - first calculate the standard deviation of the average normal heartbeat interval for a short period of time, and then calculate the standard of the average normal heartbeat interval Poor, the unit is milliseconds (ms).

3. The standard deviation of all normal to normal intervals index (SDNN index) - first calculate the standard deviation of the short-term normal heartbeat interval, and then calculate the average of the standard deviation of the normal heartbeat interval. Standard deviation in milliseconds (ms).

4. The square root of the mean squared differences of successive NN intervals (RMSSD) - the root mean square of the sum of squared differences between all adjacent normal heartbeats ( The difference between the last heartbeat interval and the previous heartbeat interval RR, in milliseconds (ms).

5. NN ₅₀ (number of pairs of adjacent NN intervals differing by more than 50ms in the entire recording) indicator - Calculate the number of all normal heartbeat intervals over 50 milliseconds (ms), from which the activity of the parasympathetic nerve can be evaluated. For a number.

6. pNN ₅₀ (NN50 count divided by the total number of all NN intervals) indicator - will calculate the number of differences between each heartbeat over 50 milliseconds (ms) divided by the total number of normal heartbeats, converted to a percentage For example, the unit is a percentage (%).

Among the above time-domain indicators, RMSSD, NN ₅₀ , and pNN ₅₀ are short-term variability indicators used to estimate the variability of high-frequency variability in the mid-rate variability (this indicator has been shown to represent parasympathetic function), and the three are highly Correlation. Heart rate variability indicators that are most commonly recommended for time domain analysis are SDNN (integrated heart rate variability), SDANN (long-term heart rate variability), and RMSSD (short-term heart rate variability).

The method for judging atrial fibrillation is quite time consuming for both patients and professional medical personnel. Therefore, the present invention provides a heartbeat signal analysis system, method and method for quickly estimating the heartbeat signal of atrial fibrillation for estimating atrial fibrillation. Machine readable media to improve the lack of prior art.

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a heartbeat signal analysis system for estimating atrial fibrillation for estimating atrial fibrillation, a method, and a machine readable medium storing the method.

The method for analyzing heartbeat signals for estimating atrial fibrillation according to the present invention comprises: providing n consecutive heartbeat information within 5 minutes, n being a positive integer greater than 1; calculating 0th heartbeat information to the nth heartbeat information The time difference of each heartbeat information to obtain n heartbeat spacing information; calculate the standard deviation of a heartbeat interval; determine whether the standard deviation of the heartbeat spacing exceeds a threshold, the threshold is 100; and if the judgment is yes, it is presumed to be the atrium Trembling.

The various features of the heartbeat signal analysis method for estimating atrial fibrillation of the present invention can be encoded into a computer program and stored on any computer or a machine readable medium readable storage medium that can be recognized and interpreted by the processor system. A machine-readable medium storing a heartbeat signal analysis method for estimating atrial fibrillation, comprising one or more sequences of instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, result in: n readings within 5 minutes Continuous heartbeat information, n is a positive integer greater than 1; calculating the time difference of each heartbeat information between the 0th heartbeat information and the nth heartbeat information to obtain n heartbeat spacing information; calculating the standard deviation of obtaining a heartbeat spacing; Determine whether the standard deviation of the heartbeat interval exceeds a threshold, and the threshold is 100; and if it is judged to be YES, it is presumed to be atrial fibrillation.

The heartbeat signal analysis system for estimating atrial fibrillation of the present invention comprises: a heartbeat information measuring unit, a storage unit and a processing unit 13. The heartbeat information measuring unit is used to obtain n consecutive heartbeat information within 5 minutes, n is a positive integer greater than 1; the storage unit is electrically connected to the heartbeat information measuring unit, and is used to store n consecutive heartbeat information within 5 minutes. The processing unit is electrically connected to the storage unit, and is configured to calculate a time difference of each heartbeat information between the 0th heartbeat information and the nth heartbeat information within 5 minutes to obtain n heartbeat distance information, and calculate a heartbeat distance. The standard deviation, the processing unit further determines whether the standard deviation of the heartbeat interval exceeds a threshold, and the threshold is 100. If the determination is yes, it is presumed to be atrial fibrillation.

In order to make those skilled in the art understand the technical content of the present invention and implement it, and according to the disclosure, the patent scope and the drawings, the related objects and advantages of the present invention can be easily understood by those skilled in the art. The detailed features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the embodiments.

S101~S105‧‧‧Step flow for analyzing the heartbeat signal of atrial fibrillation

10‧‧‧ Heartbeat Signal Analysis System for Speculating Atrial Fibrillation

11‧‧‧Heartbeat Information Measurement Unit

12‧‧‧ storage unit

13‧‧‧Processing unit

14‧‧‧Cue unit

1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for analyzing a heartbeat signal for estimating atrial fibrillation according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a heartbeat signal analysis system for estimating atrial fibrillation according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a graph (a) RR and (b) SD of heart rate variability for a subject obtained, calculated or processed for 24 hours in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a graph of the results of the SD analysis.

In order to fully understand the effects of the present invention, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings and drawings.

1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a heartbeat signal analysis method for estimating atrial fibrillation according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the heartbeat signal analysis method for estimating atrial fibrillation according to the present invention includes steps S101 to S105. Step S101: providing n consecutive heartbeat information within 5 minutes, where n is a positive integer greater than 1. Step S102: Calculate a time difference of each heartbeat information between the 0th heartbeat information and the nth heartbeat information to obtain n heartbeat distance information (RR). Step S103: Calculate the standard deviation (SD parameter) of obtaining a heartbeat interval. Step S104: Determine whether the standard deviation of the heartbeat interval exceeds a threshold, and the threshold is 100. SStep 105: If the determination is YES, it is presumed to be atrial fibrillation. In step S103, the SD parameter formula is as follows, meanRR is the average value of the first heartbeat distance information (RR ₁ ) to the nth heartbeat distance information (RR _n ):

The method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention can be applied to a computer system or a microprocessor system. The execution steps of the embodiments of the present invention may be encoded as a sequence of instructions of a software program, and the software program may be stored in any machine readable medium that can be recognized and interpreted by the system, or an article and device including the above machine readable medium, and is not limited to In any form, the above items may be hard disk, floppy disk, optical disk, ZIP, magneto-optical device (MO), IC chip, random access memory (RAM), or any other person skilled in the art having the above-mentioned Record the contents of the media.

The computer system can include a display device, a processor, a memory, an input device, and a storage device. The input device can be used to input images, texts, instructions and the like to the computer system. The storage device is, for example, a hard disk, a CD player, or a remote database connected through the Internet for storing system programs, applications, user data, etc., and can also store software programs written in the embodiments of the present invention. A memory system used to temporarily store data or execute programs. The processor is used to calculate and process data. The display device is used to display the output data. When the computer system executes the method of the embodiment of the present invention, the corresponding program is loaded into the memory to cooperate with the processor to perform the method of the embodiment of the present invention. Finally, the result is displayed on the display device or stored in the storage device.

The various features of the heartbeat signal analysis method for estimating atrial fibrillation of the present invention can be encoded into a sequence of instructions and stored on any computer or machine readable medium readable storage medium that can be recognized and interpreted by the processor system. A machine-readable medium storing a heartbeat signal analysis method for estimating atrial fibrillation, comprising one or more sequences of instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, result in: reading within 5 minutes Continuous heartbeat information, n is a positive integer greater than 1; calculate the time difference between the 0th heartbeat information and each heartbeat information between the nth heartbeat information to obtain n heartbeat spacing information (RR); calculate a heartbeat spacing The standard deviation (SD parameter); whether the standard deviation of the heartbeat interval exceeds a threshold value, the threshold value is 100; and if it is judged to be YES, it is presumed to be atrial fibrillation.

2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a heartbeat signal analysis and assembly system for estimating atrial fibrillation according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the heartbeat signal analysis system 10 for estimating atrial fibrillation according to the present invention includes: a heartbeat The information measuring unit 11 and a processing unit 13. The heartbeat information measuring unit 11 is configured to obtain n consecutive heartbeat information within 5 minutes, where n is a positive integer greater than 1. The heartbeat information measuring unit 11 may be an electrocardiograph device such as an electrocardiograph recorder, or may be used to measure a heartbeat. The information device is realized, because the potential change of the heart is formed by the ion flow on the cell membrane, the signal is very weak, and the ECG recorder and the like need to perform some pre-processing to obtain the physiological signals that can be read, respectively, the amplification signal and Filtering, the weak physiological signal received by the electrode is amplified, the purpose is to increase the signal-to-noise ratio (to increase the specific gravity of the signal), and the filtering method is divided into low-pass and high-pass filtering to eliminate the frequency band not belonging to the physiological range, and ensure the circuit amplification The authenticity of the physiological signal. The processing unit 13 is electrically connected to the heartbeat information measuring unit 11, and receives the heartbeat information obtained by the heartbeat information measuring unit 11, and is used to calculate each heartbeat information between the 0th heartbeat information and the nth heartbeat information within 5 minutes. The time difference is obtained to obtain n heartbeat spacing information (RR), and the standard deviation (SD parameter) of obtaining a heartbeat interval is calculated. The SD parameter formula is as follows, and meanRR is the first heartbeat distance information ((RR ₁ ) to the nth heartbeat) Average value of the spacing information (RR _n ):

The processing unit 13 further determines whether the standard deviation of the heartbeat interval exceeds a threshold value, and the threshold value is 100. If the determination is yes, it is presumed to be atrial fibrillation. Processing unit 13 may be implemented by one or more processors, microprocessors or other devices having data processing and operations.

In a preferred embodiment, the heart rate signal analysis system 10 for estimating atrial fibrillation further includes a prompting unit 14 electrically connected to the processing unit 13 and configured to determine, at the processing unit 13, that the average difference value information exceeds a threshold of 100. The atrial fibrillation alert signal is generated, and the prompting unit 14 is, for example, a display that is implemented by means of sound, light, video, text or any other means capable of notifying the subject to detect the result.

In a preferred embodiment, the heart rate signal analysis system 10 for estimating atrial fibrillation further includes a storage unit 12 electrically connected to the heartbeat information measuring unit 11 and the processing unit 13 and configured to store the heartbeat information measuring unit. The obtained n consecutive heartbeat information within 5 minutes allows the processing unit 13 to perform processing analysis and store the analysis result therein. The storage unit 12 may be, but not limited to, a volatile storage such as a random access memory, such as Read-only memory, non-volatile memory for flash memory, hard disk, or any combination thereof, or other information storage capable device.

In a preferred embodiment, the heart rate signal analysis system 10 for estimating atrial fibrillation further includes a transmission unit (not shown) for transmitting data obtained, calculated or processed by the foregoing units to the network. A web server that allows administrators or users to browse.

Heart rate variability is a method for measuring the degree of change of continuous heart rate. The time domain analysis and frequency domain analysis method are used to analyze the distance between R wave and R wave in the heartbeat. The SD parameters used in the present invention are utilized. Domain analysis analyzes the standard deviation of all normal heartbeat intervals in milliseconds.

The heartbeat information of the present invention can be obtained by electrocardiography (ECG or EKG), for example, recording the ECG signal of the subject during the day, each subject measuring the ECG signal for 5 minutes, and the subject posture is sitting and breathing normal.

The ECG's original signal is recorded using an 8-bit digital converter, and the resolution of the converter is 256 Hz. The digitally converted ECG signal will immediately perform subsequent analysis steps, and will also be stored in a memory such as a memory card. Units, offline analysis can be performed in the future, and signal acquisition, storage, and data processing can be performed on a computer system or a microprocessor system.

The analysis software program for heart rate variability can be written in a programming language, such as the Pascal language, but the invention is not limited thereto. The pre-processing of the ECG signal is a method that can be used by Task Force, 1996, but the invention is not limited thereto. The program detects each QRS wave and compares it with the QRS standard template, resamples the RR spacing, and performs a 64Hz interpolation in a linear fashion to provide continuity of the time domain analysis.

Figure 3 is a graph showing the heart rate variability of a subject obtained, calculated or processed for 24 hours in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a graph of RR, (b) is a graph of SD, and the unit of the Y-axis of the two graphs In milliseconds (ms), the X-axis unit is hour. It should be noted that the present invention only needs to provide continuous heartbeat information within 5 minutes, and can quickly speculate whether it is atrial fibrillation, but can continuously monitor for 24 hours for the subject to be tested. Get more information. The present invention measures the heart rate variability of a patient who has had atrial fibrillation, and measures the heart rate variability of another group of healthy people whose age and gender are consistent but has not had atrial fibrillation, and performs statistical analysis to obtain a result of the SD analysis. In Figure 4, the results of the analysis showed that patients with atrial fibrillation had higher heart rate variability than healthy people who had not had atrial fibrillation, and those with atrial fibrillation had SD values in heart rate variability. More than 100, through the statistics of many clinical patients and healthy people, the SD parameters in heart rate variability can be used as a predictor of atrial fibrillation in the judgment population, which is helpful for rapid screening and reducing waste of medical resources. Through the technical means disclosed by the present invention, it is only necessary to provide continuous heartbeat information within 5 minutes, and it can quickly speculate whether it is atrial fibrillation, which is a huge improvement compared with the time-consuming and labor-intensive practice of the prior art. .

The embodiments are described to illustrate the features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and to implement the present invention without limiting the scope of the present invention. Equivalent modifications or modifications made by the spirit of the disclosure should still be included in the scope of the claims described below.

Claims (7)

 A heartbeat signal analysis method for estimating atrial fibrillation includes: providing n consecutive heartbeat information within 5 minutes, n being a positive integer greater than 1; calculating 0th heartbeat information to each of the nth heartbeat information The time difference of the heartbeat information to obtain n heartbeat spacing information; calculate the standard deviation of the heartbeat interval; determine whether the standard deviation of the heartbeat interval exceeds a threshold, the threshold is 100; and if the judgment is yes, it is presumed to be the atrium Trembling.    A machine readable medium storing a heartbeat signal analysis method for estimating atrial fibrillation, comprising one or more sequences of instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, result in: reading n consecutive times within 5 minutes Heartbeat information, n is a positive integer greater than 1; calculate the time difference between the 0th heartbeat information and each heartbeat information between the nth heartbeat information to obtain n heartbeat spacing information; calculate the standard deviation of a heartbeat interval; Whether the standard deviation of the heartbeat interval exceeds a threshold value, the threshold value is 100; and if it is judged to be YES, it is presumed to be atrial fibrillation.    A heartbeat signal analysis system for estimating atrial fibrillation includes: a heartbeat information measuring unit for obtaining n consecutive heartbeat information within 5 minutes, n being a positive integer greater than 1; and a processing unit, electrical Connected to the heartbeat information measuring unit for receiving n consecutive heartbeat information within 5 minutes obtained by the heartbeat information measuring unit, and calculating each of the 0th heartbeat information to the nth heartbeat information within 5 minutes The time difference of the heartbeat information is obtained to obtain n heartbeat spacing information, and the standard deviation of the heartbeat spacing is calculated, and the processing unit determines whether the standard deviation of the heartbeat spacing exceeds a threshold. The threshold is 100. If the judgment is yes, it is presumed to be Atrial fibrillation.    The system of claim 3, further comprising a storage unit electrically connected to the heartbeat information measuring unit and the processing unit.    The system of claim 3, further comprising a prompting unit electrically connected to the processing unit.    The system of claim 4, wherein the prompting unit is a display.    The system of claim 4, further comprising a transmission unit.