TW201907815A - 感測織物 - Google Patents

感測織物 Download PDF

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Publication number
TW201907815A
TW201907815A TW106124257A TW106124257A TW201907815A TW 201907815 A TW201907815 A TW 201907815A TW 106124257 A TW106124257 A TW 106124257A TW 106124257 A TW106124257 A TW 106124257A TW 201907815 A TW201907815 A TW 201907815A
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
fabric
conductive cloth
cloth film
conductive
sensing
Prior art date
Application number
TW106124257A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
TWI640258B (zh
Inventor
洪維澤
吳昱寯
賴信凱
Original Assignee
遠東新世紀股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 遠東新世紀股份有限公司 filed Critical 遠東新世紀股份有限公司
Priority to TW106124257A priority Critical patent/TWI640258B/zh
Priority to CN201710803405.2A priority patent/CN109278367A/zh
Priority to US15/821,849 priority patent/US20190024267A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI640258B publication Critical patent/TWI640258B/zh
Publication of TW201907815A publication Critical patent/TW201907815A/zh

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    • D03D1/0088—Fabrics having an electronic function
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Abstract

本發明提供一種感測織物，其包含第一導電布膜、第二導電布膜以及彈性體。彈性體係介於第一導電布膜及第二導電布膜之間，並與第一導電布膜及第二導電布膜形成至少一空室，使第一導電布膜及第二導電布膜得經由減少空室之空間並藉該空間的形變得以電性連接，其中，空室具有至少一對外之通孔，且通孔不位於相鄰的空室之間。本發明之感測織物具良好耐水洗性，耐用度佳且不易損壞，並改善習知感測織物容易發生錯位的問題，並且為一種輕薄型的感測織物。

Description

感測織物
本發明係關於一種感測織物，且特別係關於一種輕薄型的穿戴式感測織物。
近年來，人們對於自主性健康管理及遠距健康照護的需求大幅增加。
為了實現生理資訊的即時監測，目前已有技術將生理參數感測元件結合至穿戴的衣物上，可隨時監控穿戴者運動時的生理資訊或是用於居家照護時的自我健康管理。
習知生理參數感測元件係藉由使用者動作時，按壓到或是拉扯到感測區域，因而改變感測區域的電阻值，再利用發射器發出相對應的訊號，以提供使用者所需的資訊。美國專利US6,642,467揭示了一種利用上下兩層分開的導電材質，中間夾有彈性間隔裝置以形成感測元件。但此技術之中間的彈性間隔裝置是採用發泡之彈性材料，此類材料厚度較厚(厚約10mm)，若整合於穿戴的衣物之上，穿戴者易有不舒適感，且當感測時施力不均或施力角度有所偏移而非正向施力時，易導致上下兩層的導電材質錯位或鬆脫，無法達成有效的電性連接且造成結構磨耗，並不耐用。台灣公開專利第201542187號所揭示的一種身體活動感測裝置，包含了一絕緣彈性體、一導電彈性體及一感測主體。感測主體中包含了一緩衝襯墊及導電基材，其緩衝襯墊係選用泡棉材料，厚度介於1cm至4cm之間。此結構主要是應用在床墊上，其整體厚度過厚而無法應用在穿戴式的感測織物之上，且此結構中緩衝襯墊與導電基材並無黏合，僅用模具固定，當施力不均時或是施力方向偏移時，緩衝襯墊存在易滑動的問題。
因此，本發明之目的即在於提供一種感測織物，藉以改善上述習知技術的缺點。
為達到前述之目的，本發明提出一種感測織物，其包含一第一導電布膜、一第二導電布膜及一彈性體。前述之彈性體係介於第一導電布膜及第二導電布膜之間，並與第一導電布膜及第二導電布膜形成至少一空室，使第一導電布膜及第二導電布膜得以經由減少空室之空間並藉由空間的形變得以電性連接。並且，前述之空室具有至少一對外之通孔，且通孔不位於相鄰空室之間。
本發明之感測織物，其結構簡單、製程簡易且於製程過程當中或是使用上皆不易發生錯位問題，耐用度佳而不易損壞。且其經由結構設計使得感測織物可耐水洗，並不需要像習知的感測裝置必須反覆拆卸，再另外清洗織物。
此外，本發明感測織物係一種輕薄型的感測織物，可突破習知感測裝置於應用上的限制，將其應用在穿著上並不會有明顯的異物感或過於硬挺的感覺，且相當輕便，不會增加穿戴者的負擔，可提供穿戴者更為舒適之穿戴體驗。例如，感測織物可直接結合在衣物上，用於感測穿戴者的手肘或膝蓋等關節處的動態生理訊號，從而了解穿戴者於運動時的作動頻率以及作動角度變化等連續性的資訊。另外，本發明感測織物亦可應用在鞋墊上，用以感測穿戴者站立或是運動時，雙腳施力是否平均，以判斷穿戴者的姿勢是否正確。同樣地，還可應用在床墊、地墊等非穿戴式的織物，用以檢測受試者於睡眠時的姿勢變化、身體各部位的施力狀態，或是受試者站立時的雙腳施力狀態，判斷其是否有姿勢不良的問題。
在本發明被詳細描述之前，要注意的是，在以下的說明內容中，類似的元件是以相同的編號來表示。
為使熟習本技術領域中之技藝者，更易於通過本發明說明書之說明而了解本發明，以下配合圖式進一步說明。習知技藝者當可瞭解的是，以下之說明內容僅用以示例說明本發明技術，並說明較佳之實施條件範圍，並非用以限制本發明之範圍。
參閱第1圖，為本發明感測織物80之一較佳實施態樣之截面示意圖，包含：一第一導電布膜10、一第二導電布膜20以及一介於第一導電布膜10及第二導電布膜20間之彈性體30。彈性體30與第一導電布膜10及第二導電布膜20形成至少一空室32，使第一導電布膜10及第二導電布膜20得以經由減少空室32之空間，並藉由空室32空間的形變得以電性連接。並且，空室32具有至少一對外之通孔34，且通孔34不位於相鄰空室32之間。
參閱第2A圖，為本發明第一導電布膜10之一實施態樣之截面示意圖。本發明第一導電布膜10，基本上係由一織物本體101及一與其嵌合之導電塗佈層106所構成。於此實施態樣中，織物本體101係為一平織織物，其係由複數條緯紗102與複數條經紗104所交錯編織而得。藉此，織物本體101即具有一由紗線交錯編織所形成之厚度h1。導電塗佈層106係自織物本體101之一側嵌入其內，填入織物本體101交錯紗線間的空隙，並整合成一體。
於此實施態樣中，導電塗佈層106係完全沒入織物本體101內，並與其嵌合，且導電塗佈層106之上方側106a係與織物本體101上方側實質上切平，而導電塗佈層106之下方側106b則位於織物本體101內。藉此，導電塗佈層106呈現實質上平貼於織物本體101上方側之外觀型態。於此實施態樣中，導電塗佈層106的厚度h2係不大於織物本體101的厚度h1。
參閱第2B圖，為前述第一導電布膜10之另一實施態樣之截面示意圖。於此實施態樣中，本發明第一導電布膜10，基本上亦係由一織物本體101及一與其嵌合之導電塗佈層106所構成。差異點在於，導電塗佈層106係部分嵌合於織物本體101內。亦即，導電塗佈層106有部分厚度範圍係凸設於織物本體101上，致使導電塗佈層106之上方側106a高於織物本體101之上方側，而導電塗佈層106之下方側106b則仍位於織物本體101內。
前述導電塗佈層106凸設於織物本體101上之厚度，於本發明中並無特別之限制，但為考量本發明第一導電布膜10於接觸使用者皮膚之舒適感，較佳為不大於40微米，更佳為不大於30微米，最佳為不大於20微米。
前述實施態樣中之織物本體101雖僅用平織織物進行事例說明，惟熟習技藝者藉由本發明之說明當可瞭解的是，亦可以針織織物做為本發明中之織物本體101。惟為考量本發明第一導電布膜10不易變形性與整體厚度考量，較佳來說，織物本體101係選用平織織物。可應用於本發明中之平織織物其種類與形式，於本發明中並無特別之限制，只要是能使導電塗佈層106嵌合於其內，並提供第一導電布膜10所需結構強度者，均可被應用於本發明中。
前述之導電塗佈層106係由一疏水性黏結劑及複數個分布於其中之導電粒子所構成。可應用於本發明之疏水性黏結劑，包含但並不僅限於，聚氨酯樹脂（Polyurethane）、矽氧烷（silicone）、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯樹脂（Polyethylene terephthalate）、壓克力樹脂（Acrylate）或其組合。可應用於本發明之導電粒子，包含非金屬材料、金屬材料，或其組合。前述之非金屬材料，包含但並不僅限於，奈米碳管（Carbon nanotubes, CNT）、碳黑（Carbon black）、碳纖維（Carbon fiber）、石墨烯（Graphene）、導電高分子（例如，聚3, 4-二氧乙基噻吩（Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), PEDOT）或聚丙烯腈（Polyacrylonitrile, PAN））或其組合。較佳下，導電粒子為奈米碳管。前述之金屬材料，包含但並不僅限於，金、銀、銅、金屬氧化物（例如，氧化銦錫（Indium Tin Oxide , ITO））或其組合。
前述之導電塗佈層106可藉由任何習知的方法與織物本體101嵌合。例如，將疏水性黏結劑溶於溶劑中，並將導電粒子分散於其中，藉以形成一導電塗佈液。接著，將此導電塗佈液塗佈於織物本體101上，並使其滲入織物本體101中，以形成一導電塗佈層106。最後將導電塗佈層106烘乾，並使其完全乾燥。藉此，即可獲得第一導電布膜10。
前述導電塗佈液之塗佈方式，並無特別之限制，但為求塗佈均勻且表面平整，可藉由習知之印刷技術執行，例如凹版印刷技術、網版印刷技術、凸版印刷及狹縫式塗佈技術等，但並不僅限於此。或是，將導電塗佈液先塗佈於一離形紙上，以形成一導電塗佈層106，隨後使其進行初步乾燥。接著，於導電塗佈層106未完全乾燥前，藉由滾輪壓合於織物本體101上。最後將離形紙剝除，再使導電塗佈層106完全乾燥。藉此，亦可獲致第一導電布膜10。
於本發明的實施態樣中，第二導電布膜20之結構及製程實質上與第一導電布膜10相同，熟習技藝者可依其設計上或製程上之需求與便利性作適當的調整。
本發明實施態樣中所述之彈性體30其係用以間隔第一導電布膜10及第二導電布膜20，使第一導電布膜10及第二導電布膜20實質上被隔離而保持不導通的狀態，且第一導電布膜10具有導電塗佈層之一側及第二導電布膜20具有導電塗佈層之一側係彼此相對配置。並且，彈性體30上開設有孔洞，開設有孔洞之彈性體30係介於第一導電布膜10及第二導電布膜20之間，因此，開設孔洞之處便形成空室32。
空室32的空間能實質阻隔第一導電布膜10及第二導電布膜20，使其不致接觸；需額外施以一外力，使空室32的空間產生形變(例如：擠壓空室的空間)才得以使第一導電布膜10及第二導電布膜20相接而導電。
因此，彈性體30的厚度即為空室32之高度H。為了防止感測織物錯位的問題產生並滿足薄型化的需求，較佳下，空室32的高度H為大於0.1mm且小於或等於2mm。
當前述空室32的高度H小於0.1mm時，即彈性體30的厚度亦小於0.1mm，此時會由於厚度不足，易使第一導電布膜10及第二導電布膜20直接產生非預期的接觸導通，而無法進行有效的動作感測；當高度H大於2mm時，此時感測織物80整體厚度會較厚，易使穿戴者感受到硬挺的異物感，較不利於穿戴上的應用，且會降低動作感測時的靈敏度。
此外，關於空室32之空間是否能夠有效隔絕第一導電布膜10及第二導電布膜20，亦為相當重要。於本發明的實施例中，係以空室32於俯視時所見之形狀之最遠兩端點之距離(長徑)D與空室32之高度H的比值(以下簡稱為徑高比)做為空室32之空間是否能夠有效阻隔第一導電布膜10及第二導電布膜20的比較基準。
當空室32之徑高比太小時，表示空室32之空間太窄，即使施以外力，仍難以使第一導電布膜10及第二導電布膜20相接觸，導致感測織物80的感測功能無法有效作動；當空室32之徑高比太大時，導電布膜則有可能垂墜而觸碰到另一導電布膜，導致第一導電布膜10及第二導電布膜20相接而導通，使得電阻值下降。換言之，空室32的空間會因而無法有效阻隔第一導電布膜10及第二導電布膜20，導致感測織物80的感測靈敏度變差，產生非預期的量測訊號，造成量測上的誤判。
較佳來說，本發明實施態樣中所述之徑高比為5-80。更佳來說，徑高比為5-35。
前述空室32於感測織物80中所佔之面積比率亦會影響感測織物80的靈敏度。空室32於感測織物80中所佔之面積比率係以俯視時空室32的總面積佔感測織物80之面積之比率來計算，以下簡稱為空室率。舉例來說，彈性體30中開設有複數個圓形的孔洞，與第一導電布膜10及第二導電布膜20形成的空室32，其空室率的計算如下：
其中，n為圓形孔洞的數目，D為長徑或孔徑。
較佳來說，本發明實施態樣中所述之空室率為10%-60%。更佳來說，空室率為12%-55%。
當空室率過小時，即空室32整體的數量或是面積過小，此時若對感測織物80施以一外力，可能無法使第一導電布膜10與第二導電布膜20有效地互相接觸而導通，因此，無法進一步測得電阻值因受外力而變化的狀況，因而無法加以應用於感測織物80上。當空室率過大時，即空室32整體的數量或是面積過大，此時彈性體30所佔的比例過少以致於不足以支撐導電布膜的重量，而發生導電布膜垂墜的狀況，並使得感測織物整體的結構強度降低，導致在未施予外力時，第一導電布膜10與第二導電布膜20即相接導通，因此，亦無法有效辨識施力前後電阻值的差異，致使感測織物80的靈敏度下降。
前述彈性體30其孔洞的開設方式，包含但不僅限於，利用刀具切割或雷射切割，開設孔洞於彈性體30之上。
前述開設有孔洞之彈性體30，其孔洞的形狀，並無特別的限制，可為圓形、矩形、三角形、六角形等，但並不僅限於此。
本發明實施態樣中所述之彈性體30，包含聚氨酯(Polyurethane，PU)、熱塑性聚氨酯(Thermoplastic Polyurethanes,TPU)、熱塑性聚酯彈性體(thermoplastic polyester elastomer，TPEE)、聚乙烯(polyethylene)、聚乙烯醋酸乙烯酯(Ethylene Vinyl Acetate，EVA)、聚氯乙烯（Polyvinyl Chloride，PVC)、矽氧烷（silicone）或天然乳膠。較佳下，彈性體30為熱塑性聚氨酯。
本發明實施態樣中將開設有孔洞之彈性體30與第一導電布膜10及第二導電布膜20接合的方式，習知技藝者通過本發明說明當可瞭解到，可選用任何習知之接合技術來執行。較佳來說，接合方式可採用熱壓成型(Thermoforming)的方式將彈性體30與導電布膜加以接合密封，其係利用前述彈性體30的材料特性：於加熱時彈性體30能與導電布膜有較佳的平貼性且於受熱後具有一定的黏著度，使得感測織物80於熱壓密封後整體較為服貼且不易發生錯位。
參閱第3A、3B圖，為感測織物90之一比較例，其中，感測織物90包括一第一導電布膜40、一第二導電布膜50及彈性體60。其中，彈性體60中設置有空室62，但第一導電布膜40和第二導電布膜50中並不具有上述實施例中所述的通孔，因此空室62中的氣體僅能經由導電布膜上的微細孔隙排出。因此使用者需施以一更大的外力，方能使空室62的空間產生形變，壓縮空室62的空間以使第一導電布膜40與第二導電布膜50相接而導電，同時亦將空室62內的部分氣體於短時間內強制排出。待施力完畢後，由於第一導電布膜40及第二導電布膜50的氣體通過微細孔隙的自然通透率低，距離使用者下次施力作動以進行感測之前，缺乏足夠的外氣回填至空室62內部，導致空室62的空間無法於下一次作動之前完全回復，第一導電布膜40與第二導電布膜50仍可能保持電性連接，因此，使得感測織物90的靈敏度下降，並影響感測織物90進行連續性的感測，而無法將其應用至高強度運動的生理參數擷取。
本發明實施態樣中所述之空室32之對外之通孔34，可設置於第一導電布膜10、第二導電布膜20及/或彈性體30之中，進一步說明如下。
參閱第4圖，為本發明感測織物80之一較佳實施態樣之立體圖。感測織物80之空室32具有至少一對外之通孔34，且該些通孔34係設置於第一導電布膜10之中。由於設置有通孔34，當使用者對感測織物80施以一外力，便會使空室32的空間產生形變，因而壓縮了空室32的空間，以使第一導電布膜10與第二導電布膜20相接而導電，並將空室32內的氣體於短時間內強制排出。待施力完畢後，由於第一導電布膜10中設置有通孔34，外氣可透過通孔34回填至空室32內，使空室32的空間於下一次作動之前得以回復，以阻隔第一導電布膜10及第二導電布膜20，而回復成不導通的狀態，因此，感測織物80得以進行連續性的感測操作。
參閱第5圖，為本發明感測織物80之另一較佳實施態樣之立體圖。感測織物80之空室32具有至少一對外之通孔34，且該通孔34係設置於彈性體30之中。使用者施以一外力，使空室32的空間產生形變，壓縮了空室32的空間以使第一導電布膜10與第二導電布膜20相接而導電，並將空室32內的氣體於短時間內強制排出。待施力完畢後，由於彈性體30中設置有通孔34，外氣會經由通孔34回填至空室32內，使空室32的空間於下一次作動之前得以回復，以阻隔第一導電布膜10及第二導電布膜20，而回復成不導通的狀態，因此，感測織物80得以進行連續性的感測操作。
如此一來，通孔34的大小與數量便與空室32之空間的回復效率相關聯。因此，空室32具有之通孔34之截面積的總和與空室32內壁的總表面積之比率(以下簡稱為通孔率)可用以表示空室32之空間其回復效率的優劣。
當通孔率過低時，即通孔過小或是通孔數太少，無法有效地使足夠的外氣快速回填至空室32內，空室32的空間因而無法即時回復，致使感測織物80無法連續快速地重複操作使用。當通孔率過高時，則會影響感測織物80之結構強度或阻值變化的靈敏程度。
較佳來說，本發明實施態樣中所述之通孔率為0.4-5%。更佳來說，通孔率為0.45-5%。最佳來說，通孔率為1.5-2.5%。
前述通孔34之設置方式，包含但不僅限於，利用刀具切割或雷射切割，開設通孔34於導電布膜或彈性體30之上。
前述通孔34的形狀，並無特別的限制，開設於導電布膜上之通孔可為圓形、矩形、三角形、六角形等，但並不僅限於此。
本發明實施態樣中所述之感測織物80，其可應用於使用者於運動時的作動感測或是使用者於站立時或躺臥時的施力分布的感測，因此，尺寸上並無特別的限制，可依照應用的需求，設計各式的尺寸以搭配使用在不同的應用場合。
以下列舉數個實施例以更詳盡闡述本發明之方法，然其僅為例示說明之用，並非用以限定本發明，本發明之保護範圍當以後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。化學品及儀器
本發明之實施例所需之化學品及儀器如下：
1. 聚氨酯樹脂(polyurethane)：朝登，產品型號為CD-5030；固含量30wt%，溶劑為醋酸丁酯（n-Butyl acetate, nBAC）。
2.奈米碳管：東大勝，產品型號雙多壁奈米碳管-01。
3.彈性體：先達材料，產品型號TPU95A。
4.網版：集湰科技，產品型號為多特龍。
5.雷射切割機：鴻瑋光電，產品型號HE-9060。
6.熱壓機：晉揚，產品型號HA-860A。
7.三用電錶：HILA，產品型號DM2630。
8.平織布：宏遠興業，30丹尼平織布。製備導電布膜
將奈米碳管加入聚氨酯樹脂中，添加重量比例為1 : 5（奈米碳管：聚氨酯樹脂），使其均勻混合，藉以製得導電塗佈液。將導電塗佈液以200目之網版藉由網版印刷技術印刷於一平織布上，再於150℃下熱風乾燥，以去除溶劑，形成一嵌合於平織布中之導電塗佈層。藉此即可製得導電布膜。實施例 1
製備感測織物，包含下列步驟：
1.取一2.5cm×2.5cm，厚度為0.3mm之彈性體，利用雷射切割機等份切割出4個孔徑為10mm之圓形孔洞。
2.取一製備好的第一導電布膜，利用雷射切割機於第一導電布膜上切割複數個孔徑為1mm的通孔，通孔與通孔間的圓心相距為4mm。
3.取另一製備好的第二導電布膜，將具有導電塗佈層之一面與步驟1中具有圓形孔洞之彈性體，利用熱壓機以貼合條件3kg/cm2 相貼合。
4.取步驟3中與彈性體相貼合之第二導電布膜，與步驟2中具有通孔的第一導電布膜，其具有導電塗佈層之一面相對，利用熱壓機以貼合條件3kg/cm2 相貼合，將彈性體包覆在其中，並形成空室，以製得一感測織物。空室的徑高比為33.3，空室率為50.3%，通孔率為2.36%。(於此實施例中，每一個空室內具有之通孔為5個)
徑高比=10/0.3=33.3
空室率=
通孔率=
5.取一10cm×10cm×1cm的泡棉置於測試平台上，將步驟4的感測織物置於泡棉之上，並將第一導電布膜及第二導電布膜分別接上三用電錶之正負極，再將一半徑1cm的圓形壓克力板(淨重約2g)平放於感測織物上，此時先紀錄三用電錶量測出的線電阻值。接著，放置一800g重的砝碼於壓克力板的中央並且對應於感測織物的上方，再量測一次三用電錶的線電阻值，測試結果詳列於表1。實施例 2
實施例2的製法與實施例1相同，僅將步驟1中的彈性體變更為厚度為0.5mm的彈性體。因此，最終形成的空室，其徑高比為20，通孔率為2.27%。測試結果詳列於表1。
表1
參看實施例1，尚未放置砝碼施以壓力時，所測得之線電阻值為18,215Ω，此係由於第一導電布膜與第二導電布膜間存有空室的空間而無法導通；當放置砝碼施以壓力時，空室的空間會因此受到壓縮，使得第一導電布膜及第二導電布膜得以相接而導通，此時可以測得線電阻值為483Ω。實施例2調整了空室的徑高比，尚未放置砝碼施以壓力時，所測得之線電阻值大於20,000Ω，當放置砝碼施以壓力時，第一導電布膜及第二導電布膜導通，可測得線電阻值為526Ω。實施例 3
實施例3的製法與實施例1相同，僅將步驟1變更如下：
取一12.5cm ×12.5cm，厚度為0.2mm之彈性體，利用雷射切割機等份切割出25個孔徑為10mm之圓形孔洞。因此，最終形成的空室，其徑高比為50，通孔率為2.40%。測試結果詳列於表2。實施例 4
實施例4的製法與實施例1相同，僅將步驟1變更如下：
取一7.5cm ×7.5cm，厚度為0.33mm之彈性體，利用雷射切割機等份切割出9個孔徑為10mm之圓形孔洞。因此，最終形成的空室，其徑高比為30.3，通孔率為2.35%。測試結果詳列於表2。實施例 5
實施例5的製法與實施例1相同，僅將步驟1變更如下：
取一2.5cm ×2.5cm，厚度為1mm之彈性體，利用雷射切割機等份切割出1個孔徑為10mm之圓形孔洞。因此，最終形成的空室，其徑高比為10，通孔率為2.08%。測試結果詳列於表2。實施例 6
實施例6的製法與實施例1相同，僅將步驟1變更如下：
取一2.5cm ×2.5cm，厚度為2mm之彈性體，利用雷射切割機等份切割出1個孔徑為10mm之圓形孔洞。因此，最終形成的空室，其徑高比為5，通孔率為1.79%。測試結果詳列於表2。實施例 7
實施例7的製法與實施例1相同，僅將步驟1變更如下：
取一19.0cm ×19.0cm，厚度為0.13mm之彈性體，利用雷射切割機等份切割出58個孔徑為10mm之圓形孔洞。因此，最終形成的空室，其徑高比為76.9，通孔率為2.44%。測試結果詳列於表2。
表2
實施例3~7將空室率皆調整為12.6%，並比較空室的徑高比對線電阻值變化的影響。參看實施例3及實施例7，施壓前後的線電阻值差值皆在3,200Ω以上，施壓前後線電阻值的差異，仍具有相當之辨識度，可提供終端傳輸與顯示裝置不同的訊號。參看實施例4~6，空室的徑高比的範圍為5-30.3，施壓前後的線電阻值差值皆在14,000Ω以上，具有明顯差異，並有更優異的靈敏度，可將其應用在有精確需求的生理參數感測器上。實施例 8
實施例8的製法與實施例1相同，僅將步驟1變更如下：
取一2.3cm ×2.3cm，厚度為0.3mm之彈性體，利用雷射切割機等份切割出1個孔徑為10mm之圓形孔洞。因此，最終形成的空室，其空室率為14.9%。測試結果詳列於表3。實施例 9
實施例9的製法與實施例1相同，僅將步驟1中的彈性體變更為切割成2個孔徑為10mm之圓形孔洞，最後形成的空室，其空室率為25.1%。測試結果詳列於表3。實施例 10
實施例10的製法與實施例1相同，僅將步驟1變更如下：
取一2.7cm ×2.7cm，厚度為0.3mm之彈性體，利用雷射切割機等份切割出3個孔徑為10mm之圓形孔洞。因此，最終形成的空室，其空室率為32.3%。測試結果詳列於表3。實施例 11
實施例11的製法與實施例1相同，僅將步驟1中的彈性體變更為切割成3個孔徑為10mm之圓形孔洞，最後形成的空室，其空室率為37.7%。測試結果詳列於表3。實施例 12
實施例12的製法與實施例1相同，僅將步驟1變更如下：
取一2.2cm ×3.6cm，厚度為0.3mm之彈性體，利用雷射切割機切割出6個孔徑為10mm之圓形孔洞(相鄰的圓形孔洞其圓心相距11mm)。因此，最終形成的空室，其空室率為59.5%。測試結果詳列於表3。比較例 1
比較例1的製法與實施例1相同，僅將步驟1變更如下：
取一2.1cm ×3.2cm，厚度為0.3mm之彈性體，利用雷射切割機切割出6個孔徑為10mm之圓形孔洞(相鄰的圓形孔洞其圓心相距10.5mm)。因此，最終形成的空室，其空室率為70.1%。測試結果詳列於表3。比較例 2
比較例2的製法與實施例1相同，僅將步驟1變更如下：
取一4.0cm ×4.4cm，厚度為0.3mm之彈性體，利用雷射切割機切割出1個孔徑為10mm之圓形孔洞。因此，最終形成的空室，其空室率為4.5%。測試結果詳列於表3。比較例 3
比較例3的製法與實施例1相同，僅將步驟1變更如下：
取一8.5cm ×9.2cm，厚度為0.3mm之彈性體，利用雷射切割機切割出1個孔徑為10mm之圓形孔洞。因此，最終形成的空室，其空室率為1.0%。測試結果詳列於表3。
表3
參看比較例1，其空室率為70.1%，此時由於間隔在第一導電布膜與第二導電布膜間的彈性體比例較低，導電布膜容易垂墜而互相接觸導通，因此，尚未放置砝碼施以壓力時，所測得之線電阻值為684Ω，為導通的狀態，且與放置砝碼施以壓力後所測得的線電阻值不具有顯著之差異。據此可知，過大的空室率會使得感測織物於尚未放置砝碼施以壓力時即呈現導通狀態，因而不具有辨識度，無法用以測知使用者的作動變化。
比較例2及比較例3的空室率均在5%以下，施壓後的線電阻值仍在14,000Ω以上，此係由於空室率過小，放置砝碼施以壓力後仍無法使第一導電布膜與第二導電布膜有效地互相接觸而導通，因此亦不具有辨識度，無法有效測知穿戴者的作動變化。實施例 13
實施例13的製法與實施例1相同，僅變更步驟2中於第一導電布膜上切割的通孔為孔徑0.446mm的通孔，通孔率為0.469%。量測方式變更如下：
取一10cm×10cm×1cm的泡棉置於測試平台上，將感測織物置於泡棉之上，並將第一導電布膜及第二導電布膜分別接上三用電錶之正負極，再將一半徑1cm的圓形壓克力板(淨重約2g)平放於感測織物上，此時先紀錄三用電錶量測出的線電阻值。接著，放置一800g重的砝碼於壓克力板的中央並且對應於感測織物的上方，再量測一次三用電錶的線電阻值。移除砝碼後靜置五秒，量測此時三用電錶的線電阻值。量測結果詳列於表4。實施例 14
實施例14的製法與實施例13相同，僅變更步驟2中於第一導電布膜上切割的通孔為孔徑1.41mm的通孔，通孔率為4.69%。量測結果詳列於表4。比較例 4
比較例4的製法與實施例13相同，僅變更步驟2中於第一導電布膜上切割的通孔為孔徑0.316mm的通孔，通孔率為0.236%。量測結果詳列於表4。
表4
由表4可知，通孔率在0.469%至4.69%之範圍時，重複按壓數次後，感測織物於施壓前後之平均線電阻值均有明顯的差異，即具有相當之辨識度，可以用以測知使用者的作動變化。
參看比較例4，尚未放置砝碼施以壓力時，第一導電布膜及第二導電布膜因存有空室的空間，實質上被隔離而保持不導通的狀態；放置砝碼施以壓力後，第一導電布膜及第二導電布膜相接而導電，線電阻值降至503Ω。施壓完畢再將砝碼移開，此時可發現，由於通孔率太低，氣體通過導電布膜之微細孔隙的自然通透率太低，缺乏足夠的外氣回填至空室內，造成空室的空間無法於下一次作動之前完全回復，導致第一導電布膜與第二導電布膜之間仍保持電性連接，因此在移除砝碼之後所測得之線電阻值與施壓後的線電阻值無明顯差異，與感測織物相連接的感應器無法運算出其差異，使得感測織物無法有效作動感測。感測織物的彎折測試
取實施例1製得之感測織物放置在平坦的桌子上，此時先測量一次線電阻值R0。再將感測織物移放置桌子的邊緣，並保持感測織物的一半平放在桌面上，另一半則懸空，並將懸空的一端拉緊，使感測織物整體保持水平。接著，將感測織物懸空的一端往下彎折，測量線電阻值隨著彎折的角度而變化的狀況。當線電阻值出現顯著的變化時，記錄下線電阻值瞬間降低時的彎折角度，以及此一瞬間的線電阻值R1。實施例2~7的感測織物，亦進行前述的彎折測試。各感測織物其R0與R1的比值如表5所示。
表5
由表5的彎折測試結果可以看出，實施例1~7的感測織物在受到彎折時，線電阻值會出現急遽的變化(感測織物R0與R1的比值範圍為5-28)，使得感測織物可以應用在運動時關節部位的作動頻率以及作動角度變化等連續性資訊的量測上。 以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例，凡依本發明申請專利範圍所做之均等變化與修飾，皆應屬本發明之涵蓋範圍。
10‧‧‧第一導電布膜
20‧‧‧第二導電布膜
30‧‧‧彈性體
32‧‧‧空室
34‧‧‧通孔
40‧‧‧第一導電布膜
50‧‧‧第二導電布膜
60‧‧‧彈性體
62‧‧‧空室
80‧‧‧穿戴式感測織物
90‧‧‧穿戴式感測織物
101‧‧‧織物本體
102‧‧‧緯紗
104‧‧‧經紗
106‧‧‧導電塗佈層
106a‧‧‧上方側
106b‧‧‧下方側
D‧‧‧長徑
h1‧‧‧厚度
h2‧‧‧厚度
H‧‧‧高度
為讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵、優點與實施例能更明顯易懂，所附圖式之說明如下： 第1圖是本發明穿戴式感測織物之一具體實施態樣的截面示意圖； 第2A圖是本發明中導電布膜之一實施態樣的截面示意圖； 第2B圖是本發明中導電布膜之另一實施態樣的截面示意圖； 第3A圖是本發明穿戴式感測織物之一比較例的立體圖； 第3B圖是本發明穿戴式感測織物之一比較例的截面示意圖； 第4圖是本發明穿戴式感測織物之另一具體實施態樣的立體圖；以及 第5圖是本發明穿戴式感測織物之又一具體實施態樣的立體圖。

Claims (12)

  1. 一種感測織物，其包含： 一第一導電布膜； 一第二導電布膜；以及 一彈性體，其係介於該第一導電布膜及該第二導電布膜之間，並與該第一導電布膜及該第二導電布膜形成至少一空室，使該第一導電布膜及該第二導電布膜得經由減少該空室之空間並藉由該空間的形變得以電性連接， 其中，該空室具有至少一對外之通孔，且該通孔不位於相鄰空室之間。
  2. 如請求項1所述之感測織物，其中，該空室於該感測織物中所形成的空室率為10-60%。
  3. 如請求項2所述之感測織物，其中，該空室於該感測織物中所形成的空室率為12-55%。
  4. 如請求項1所述之感測織物，其中，該通孔之截面積的總和與該空室內壁的總表面積之比率為0.4-5%。
  5. 如請求項1所述之感測織物，其中，該通孔之截面積的總和與該空室內壁的總表面積之比率為0.45-5%。
  6. 如請求項1所述之感測織物，其中，該通孔之截面積的總和與該空室內壁的總表面積之比率為1.5-2.5%。
  7. 如請求項1所述之感測織物，其中，該空室之高度為大於0.1mm且小於或等於2mm。
  8. 如請求項7所述之感測織物，其中，該空室之徑高比為5-80。
  9. 如請求項8所述之感測織物，其中，該空室之徑高比為5-35。
  10. 如請求項1所述之感測織物，其中，該第一導電布膜或該第二導電布膜包括： 一織物本體；以及 一導電塗佈層，其包含一疏水性黏結劑及複數個導電粒子分布於其中，其中，該導電塗佈層係自該織物本體之一側嵌合於該織物本體中，並平貼於該織物本體上，且該導電塗佈層之厚度不大於該織物本體之厚度。
  11. 如請求項1所述之感測織物，其中，該彈性體包含聚氨酯、熱塑性聚氨酯、熱塑性聚酯彈性體、聚乙烯、聚乙烯醋酸乙烯酯、聚氯乙烯、矽氧烷或天然乳膠。
  12. 如請求項11所述之感測織物，其中，該彈性體為熱塑性聚氨酯。
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TWI749322B (zh) * 2019-04-29 2021-12-11 臻鼎科技股份有限公司 彈性導電複合織物
US11602921B2 (en) 2019-04-29 2023-03-14 Zhen Ding Technology Co., Ltd. Elastic conductive composite fabric capable of detecting and providing electrical signals according to reflections of limbs and body movements

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WO2018076106A1 (en) * 2016-10-25 2018-05-03 Studio 1 Holdings Inc. Flexible conductive apparatus and systems for detecting pressure

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GB2364827B (en) * 2000-07-13 2003-12-10 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Switch
CN203720990U (zh) * 2013-11-28 2014-07-16 张俭 一种传感器垫
TWI581758B (zh) * 2015-07-29 2017-05-11 Far Eastern New Century Corp 布膜生理感測器
CN106644194A (zh) * 2017-01-23 2017-05-10 珠海安润普科技有限公司 电阻型压力传感器与可穿戴设备

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TWI749322B (zh) * 2019-04-29 2021-12-11 臻鼎科技股份有限公司 彈性導電複合織物
US11602921B2 (en) 2019-04-29 2023-03-14 Zhen Ding Technology Co., Ltd. Elastic conductive composite fabric capable of detecting and providing electrical signals according to reflections of limbs and body movements

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