TW201843293A - Quantum dot-containing compositions having superior resistance to degradation from exposure to environmental contaminants while maintaining their light generating capabilities - Google Patents

Abstract

Quantum dot-containing composition, films of quantum dot-containing compositions and assemblies fabricated therewith, all of which having superior resistance to degradation from environmental contaminates, such as air and/or moisture, are provided.

Description

Composition having a content of sub-dot having excellent resistance to degradation due to exposure to environmental pollutants while maintaining its light generating ability

The present invention provides a sub-dot composition and a method for forming a sub-dot composition, and an assembly made therefrom, all of which have excellent resistance to degradation due to environmental pollutants such as air and / or moisture.

Compositions such as content dots in the form of films and elements made with such films are suitable for display devices and other optical applications. In such applications, quantum dots need to be kept away from air and moisture to ensure that performance is not compromised. In many cases, a composition that provides sub-dots in the form of a film includes an intermediate layer of a top barrier film, a bottom barrier film, and a film adhesive, and the quantum dots are dispersed in the intermediate layer. U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2015/0368553 is an example of this structure, in which a film containing sub-dots is described as a first barrier film; a second barrier film; and a quantum dot layer separating the first barrier film and the second barrier film, The quantum dot layer contains quantum dots dispersed in a polymer matrix. During the formation of the sub-dot film, the polymeric matrix in which the quantum dots are dispersed may be formed from a two-part adhesive. The film formed in this way is more likely to have defects. This is because the high-temperature curing adhesive is commonly used, which causes the viscosity of the adhesive to decrease initially. The reduced viscosity allows the adhesive to move within the structure, as does the response to stresses caused by, for example, shrinkage of the barrier film, line tension mismatch, and uneven heating. Quantum dots are often sensitive to degradation due to exposure to environmental pollutants such as air and moisture. When constructed in one form as described in the U.S. '553 patent publication, top and bottom barrier films are used to protect the quantum dots from exposure to air and moisture from the environment. However, at the edge of the film, in a direction perpendicular to the barrier film, only the polymer matrix acts as a barrier, blocking the quantum dots from exposure to environmental pollutants. The penetration of air and moisture causes degradation of quantum dots, especially quantum dots near the edges of the film. Such quantum dot degradation produces non-active edge regions that cannot provide color, which in turn leads to poor and non-uniform display devices using sub-dot film. International Patent Publication No. WO2015 / 095296 recognizes this phenomenon, stating that "some currently available matrix materials provide only minimal barrier properties, which can lead to a phenomenon called edge entry. If water and / or oxygen enters quantum dot products In the edge area, the quantum dots located on or near the exposed edge of the multilayer structure can degrade and eventually cannot emit light when excited by ultraviolet or blue light. This quantum dot degradation can cause the cutting edge of the film product The surrounding black lines can impair the performance of a portion of a display made of quantum dot products. "[Page 1, lines 16-22. The '296 PCT publication also states the objective need to address this phenomenon: slowing down or eliminating quantum dot degradation along the edges of the laminate is particularly important for extending the life of displays in smaller electronic devices such as, for example, handheld devices and tablet Their displays. [Page 1, lines 22-24. ] The '296 PCT publication answers this question by providing matrix formulations for quantum dot products, which are reported to block the entry of air and / or moisture and therefore slow down the quantum dots Degradation of quantum dots on or near the edge of the article. The '296 PCT publication asserts that such benefits can be realized by a quantum dot film product that includes a first barrier layer; a second barrier layer; and a quantum dot layer between the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer. The dot layer includes quantum dots dispersed in a matrix including a cured adhesive composition, wherein the adhesive composition includes: an epoxide; a diamine-based functional compound; and a radiation-curable methacrylate compound. In spite of the '296 PCT publication, it is desirable to provide an alternative approach to address this issue so that end users have multiple methods and vendor options. Therefore, it is desirable to make a composition containing sub-dots, in particular, the composition is in the form of a film, which has excellent tolerance to adverse effects on performance due to exposure to environmental pollutants.

Therefore, to provide a composition such as a content sub-dot in the form of a film, a method of forming such a content sub-dot, and an assembly made using the same, all of the above are related to exposure to an environment such as air and / or moisture. Contaminants have excellent resistance to degradation. Here, the present invention uses a desiccant and / or a deoxidizing agent in the composition of the sub-dots to minimize the degradation of the quantum dots. The benefits and advantages of the invention are particularly evident at the edges of the composition when the invention is placed in a film form. For example, the composition of the content dots can be used in the form of a film, and can be used to produce a display device with the content dots using a production process using appropriate coating and lamination techniques. During the formulation of the matrix in which the quantum dots are dispersed, a desiccant and / or a deoxidizing agent is added to the composition. The type, loading, and particle size of the desiccant and / or deoxidizer can be adjusted to achieve the edge protection required for subsequent applications. In the first aspect, the composition having a content of dots in the form of a film can be used as a layer interposed between the first barrier film and the second barrier film. The layer of the sub-dot film composition includes quantum dots dispersed in a curable matrix that itself includes a curable component and in some embodiments a photoinitiator. Of course, the curable matrix also includes at least one of a desiccant and a deoxidizer. Moisture and / or air entering at or around the edge of the quantum dot film causes the quantum dots to degrade and form non-active edge regions in the film. This inactive area may no longer perform wavelength conversion functions in the display. Usually, the calibrated size of the quantum dot film is larger than the size of the display, and the non-active edge is limited to the frame area and faces the edge of the display to avoid color distortion in the visible area of the display. The width of the border needs to be minimized to improve the aesthetics and consumer viewing experience. However, the required counteracting factor is a recognized problem that the quantum dots degrade along the outer edge of the quantum dot film and subsequently destroy the color of the area. The composition of the present invention greatly retards the degradation of quantum dots after exposure to environmental pollutants such as moisture and / or air. In doing so, the quantum dot maintains its light generating ability and color generating ability. It can be proved that the composition of the present invention is suitable for display device applications in which quantum dot degradation is difficult to resolve near the edge of the quantum dot film, which reduces the width of the non-active edge region after a predetermined aging time. In addition, reducing or ideally removing the non-active edges of the quantum dot film allows the display to have a minimum bezel width.

As indicated above, the composition of the content dots in the form of a film can be used as a layer interposed between a first barrier film and a second barrier film, such as for a backlight unit. The layer of the film composition containing the sub-dots in the form of a film includes quantum dots dispersed in a curable matrix, which itself includes a curable component and a curing agent such as a photoinitiator. Generally, a desiccant and / or a deoxidizing agent is added to the composition during the formulation of the matrix in which the quantum dots are dispersed. Therefore, the composition of the quantum dots includes a plurality of quantum dots; a curable matrix; and at least one of a desiccant and a deoxidizer. A plurality of quantum dots are usually dispersed in a carrier. The curable matrix may be selected from one of the following: (meth) acrylate component, epoxy resin component, oxazine component (such as benzoxazine component), oxazoline component, maleic acid Diamidine component, polysiloxane component, and combinations thereof. The curable matrix may also include a curing agent or initiator, and the initiator may be a photoinitiator. Desirably, the curing agent is a nitrogen-containing curing agent, such as an amine, such as an aliphatic amine. The nitrogen-containing curing agent may be selected from cyclic amidine; tertiary amine; secondary amine; substituted cyclic amidine, substituted tertiary amine, substituted secondary amine; or a combination thereof. The catalyst may include one or more of the following: imidazole, imidazoline, pyrrolidine, substituted imidazole compound, substituted imidazoline compound, 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine, substituted 1,4 , 5,6-Tetrahydropyrimidine compound, substituted pyrrolidine compound, substituted piperidine compound, and combinations thereof. The catalyst may also include unsubstituted piperidine, acyclic fluorene or substituted acyclic fluorene. Examples of non-cyclic amidines that can be used as acceptable catalysts for the present invention include NN'-dialkylalkanes such as N, N'-dimethylalkane and N, N'-diethylalkane. The (meth) acrylate component may be selected from a large number of (meth) acrylates, including monofunctional (meth) acrylates, bifunctional (meth) acrylates, trifunctional (meth) acrylates, polyfunctional ( (Meth) acrylates and the like. Epoxy-based (meth) acrylates and urethane (meth) acrylates are also included. Examples of the monofunctional (meth) acrylate include phenylphenol (meth) acrylate, methoxypoly (ethyl) acrylate, methacrylic acid ethyl succinate, fatty acid (meth) Acrylate, (meth) acrylic acid ethyl phthalate, phenoxyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, β-carboxyethyl (meth) acrylate, isobornyl (meth) acrylate Ester, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, tertiary butyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, dihydrocyclopentanedimethacrylate Ester, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, diethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, third butylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate , 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, tetrahydrofuran (meth) acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl carbitol (meth) acrylate, phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate Ester, methoxytriethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, monopentaerythritol (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol (meth) acrylate, tripentaerythritol (meth) acrylate, poly Dipentaerythritol (meth) acrylate, and the like. Examples of the bifunctional (meth) acrylate include hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, hydroxypropylmethyloxypropyl (meth) acrylate, hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, amine group Formate (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth) acrylate, bisphenol A epoxy (meth) acrylate, modified epoxy (meth) acrylate, fatty acid-modified Epoxy (meth) acrylate, amine-modified bisphenol F-type epoxy (meth) acrylate, allyl (meth) acrylate, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, two Glycol di (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, tricyclodecanedimethanol di (meth) acrylate, glycerol di (meth) acrylate, Polypropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate propoxylated ethoxylated bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, 9,9-bis (4- (2- (meth) acrylic acid ethoxylate) ) Phenyl) fluorene, tricyclodecane di (meth) acrylate, dipropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, PO-modified neopentyl glycol di ( (Meth) acrylate, tricyclodecanedimethanol dim (meth) propylene Esters, 1,12-dodecanediol di (meth) acrylate, and the like. Examples of trifunctional (meth) acrylates include trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate ethoxylate, polyether tri (meth) acrylate, propyl Triol propoxy tris (meth) acrylate and the like. Examples of polyfunctional (meth) acrylates include dipentaerythritol poly (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate ethoxylate , Bis (trimethylolpropane) tetra (meth) acrylate and the like. The epoxy resin component may be selected from a wide variety of epoxy-functional resins. For example, bisphenol A-based liquid epoxy resin, bisphenol A-based solid epoxy resin, bisphenol F-based liquid epoxy resin (e.g., EPICLON EXA-835LV), phenol-phenol novolac Polyfunctional epoxy resins of resins, dicyclopentadiene-type epoxy resins (for example, EPICLON HP-7200L), naphthalene-type epoxy resins and the like, and mixtures of any two or more thereof may be applicable here. Examples of epoxy-functional resins include diepoxides of cycloaliphatic ethanol, hydrogenated bisphenol A (commercially available as EPALLOY 5000), bifunctional cycloaliphatic glycidyl esters of hexahydrophthalic anhydride (commercially available EPALLOY 5200), EPICLON EXA-835LV, EPICLON HP-7200L and the like and any two or more of them. In certain embodiments, the epoxy resin component may include a combination of two or more different bisphenol-based epoxy resins. These bisphenol-based epoxy resins may be selected from bisphenol A epoxy resin, bisphenol F epoxy resin, or bisphenol S epoxy resin, or a combination thereof. In addition, two or more than two different bisphenol epoxy resins (such as A, F, or S) within the same type of resin can be used. Commercial examples of bisphenol epoxy resins include bisphenol F-type epoxy resins such as RE-404-S from Nippon Kayaku in Japan, and EPICLON 830 (RE1801), 830S (RE1815) from Dai Nippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc. ), 830A (RE1826) and 830W, and RSL 1738 and YL-983U (from Resolution) and bisphenol A type epoxy resin (such as YL-979 and 980 from Resolution). These are available from Dai Nippon and the above-mentioned double The phenol epoxy resin has been upgraded to a liquid undiluted epichlorohydrin-bisphenol F epoxy resin, which has a much lower viscosity than conventional epoxy resins based on bisphenol A epoxy resin, and it has a similarity to liquid bisphenol A Physical properties of epoxy resins. The EEW of these four bisphenol F epoxy resins is between 165 and 180; at 25 ° C, the viscosity is between 3,000 and 4,500 cps (except for RE1801, which has an upper viscosity limit of 4,000 cps); and the hydrolyzable chloride content of RE1815 and 830W is reported as 200 ppm, and the hydrolyzable chloride content of RE1826 is reported as 100 ppm. Available from Resolution and the above bisphenol epoxy resins have been upgraded to low chloride content Liquid epoxy resin. EEW (g / equivalent) of bisphenol A epoxy resin is between 180 and 19 5 and at 25 ° C, the viscosity is between 100 and 250 cps. The total chloride content of YL-979 is reported to be between 500 and 700 ppm, and the total chloride content of YL-980 is between 100 and 300 ppm. EEW (g / equivalent) of bisphenol F epoxy resin is between 165 and 180, and viscosity is between 30 and 60 at 25 ° C. Total chloride of RSL-1738 The content is reported to be between 500 and 700 ppm, and the total chloride content of YL-983U is between 150 and 350 ppm. Cycloaliphatic epoxy resins such as 3,4-epoxycyclohexyl formamide can also be used -3,4-epoxycyclohexyl carbonate. Reactive diluents such as monofunctional, difunctional, or polyfunctional reactive diluents can be used to adjust the viscosity of the resulting resin material and / or reduce its Tg. The oxyresin co-reactant diluent should have an epoxy group having an alkyl group of about 6 to about 28 carbon atoms, examples of which include C_{6 - 28} Alkyl glycidyl ether, C_{6 - 28} Fatty acid glycidyl ester, C_{6 - 28} Alkylphenol glycidyl ether and the like. Examples of the reactive diluent include butyl glycidyl ether, tolyl glycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol glycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol glycidyl ether, and the like. Polyglycidyl derivatives of phenolic compounds can be used, such as those available under the EPON trademark, such as EPON 828, EPON 1001, EPON 1009, and EPON 1031 from Resolution; DER 331 from Dow Chemical Co. , DER 332, DER 334 and DER 542; and BREN-S from Nippon Kayaku. Other suitable epoxy resins include polyepoxides made from polyols and the like and polyglycidyl derivatives of phenol-formaldehyde novolac, such as DEN 431, DEN 438 and DEN 439 from Dow Chemical. Cresol analogs are also commercially available under the trademark ARALDITE, such as ARALDITE ECN 1235, ARALDITE ECN 1273, and ARALDITE ECN 1299 from Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation. SU-8 is a bisphenol A epoxy novolac commercially available from Resolution. Polyglycidyl adducts of amines, amino alcohols, and polycarboxylic acids are also suitable for use in the present invention. Commercially available resins include GLYAMINE 135, GLYAMINE 125, and GLYAMINE 115 from FIC Corporation; ARALDITE MY-720 from Ciba Specialty Chemicals, ARALDITE 0500 and ARALDITE 0510, and PGA-X and PGA-C from Sherwin-Williams Co. Suitable monofunctional epoxy co-reactant diluents for use herein as appropriate include those having a viscosity lower than the viscosity of the epoxy resin component (typically less than about 250 cps). The oxazine component may be selected fromWherein o is 1-4, X is selected from direct bond (when o is 2), alkyl (when o is 1), alkylene (when o is 2-4), carbonyl (when o is 2) ), Thiol (when o is 1), thioether (when o is 2), fluorene (when o is 2), and 碸 (when o is 2), and R₁ It is selected from hydrogen, alkyl and aryl. More specifically, oxazines can be covered by the following structures:Where X is selected from direct bonds, CH₂ , C (CH₃ )₂ , C = 0, S, S = O, and O = S = O, and R₁ And R₂ The same or different and selected from hydrogen, alkyl (such as methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl) and aryl. Therefore, the oxazine may be selected from any of the following exemplary structures: Where R₁ And R₂ As defined above. Even if not covered by either the oxazine structure I or the oxazine structure II, other oxazines may be covered by the following structures: Where R₁ And R₂ As defined above, and R₃ As R₁ Or R₂ As defined. Therefore, specific examples of these oxazines include: The oxazine component may include a combination of a polyfunctional oxazine and a monofunctional oxazine. Examples of monofunctional oxazines can be covered by the following structures:Among them, R is an alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl. As oxazoline, compounds covered by the following structures are suitableWhere R¹ , R² , R³ , R⁴ And X is hydrogen, or in the case of a divalent organic group, X is a direct bond, and m is 1. Exemplary compounds have the following structureWhere k is 0-6; m and n are each independently 1 or 2, provided that at least one of m or n is 1; X is a monovalent or polyvalent group selected from the group consisting of a branched alkyl group, Alkylene oxides, alkylene oxides, esters, amidines, carbamates, and carbamates or bonds, which have from about 12 to about 500 carbon atoms; and R¹ To R⁸ Each independently selected from C_{1 - 40} Alkyl, C_{2 - 40} Alkenyl, each of which is optionally substituted or interspersed with one or more of the following: -O-, -NH-, -S-, -CO-, -C (O) O-, -NHC (O)- And C_{6 - 20} Aryl. Oxazoline compounds include 4,4 ', 5,5'-tetrahydro-2,2'-bis-oxazole, 2,2'-bis (2-oxazoline); 2,2'-(alkanedi Group) bis [4,4-dihydrooxazole], such as 2,2 '-(2,4-butanediyl) bis [4,5-dihydrooxazole] and 2,2'-(1,2 -Ethanediyl) bis [4,5-dihydrooxazole]; 2,2 '-(arylene) bis [4,5-dihydrooxazole]; for example 2,2'-(1,4 -Phenylene) bis (4,5-dihydrooxazole), 2,2 '-(1,5-naphthyl) bis (4,5-dihydrooxazole), 2,2'-(1, 3-phenylene) bis [4,5-dihydrooxazole) and 2,2 '-(1,8-anthryl) bis [4,5-dihydrooxazole]; sulfonyl, oxy, Thio or alkylidene bis 2- (arylene) [4,5-dihydrooxazole], such as sulfonyl bis 2- (1,4-phenylene) [4,5-dihydrooxazole ], Thiobis 2,2 '-(1,4-phenylene) [4,5-dihydrooxazole] and methylenebis 2,2'-(1,4-phenylene) [4 , 5-dihydrooxazole]; 2,2 ', 2 "-(1,3,5-arylene) reference [4,5-dihydrooxazole], such as 2,2', 2" -reference (4,5-dihydrooxazole] 1,3,5-benzene; poly [(2-alkenyl) 4,5-dihydrooxazole], such as poly [2- (2-propenyl) 4,5 -Dihydrooxazole] and others and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the oxazoline compound will have the following structure.The maleimide component can be selected from maleimide, nadimide, or itacimide. For example, maleimide, nadicarbimide, or itacondaimine include those having the following structures, respectively:, Where: m is 1-15, p is 0-15, each R² Independently selected from hydrogen or a lower carbon number alkyl (such as C_{1 - 5} ), And J is a monovalent or multivalent group containing an organic group or an organosiloxy group, and two or more combinations thereof. J is a monovalent or polyvalent group selected from the following: n Hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl species, which typically have from about 6 to about 500 carbon atoms, where the hydrocarbyl species is selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkyne Group, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, aryl, alkaryl, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, alkenylaryl, arylalkynyl, or alkynylaryl, however, the limitation is that only When X contains two or more than two different kinds of combinations, X may be an aryl group; n alkylene or substituted alkylene groups, which usually have carbon atoms in the range of about 6 to about 500, wherein alkylene groups The species is selected from the group consisting of alkylene, alkenyl, alkenyl, cycloalkylene, cycloalkenyl, alkylene, alkylaryl, arylalkylene, arylalkylene, alkenyl, aryl Alkynyl or alkynyl aryl, n heterocyclic or substituted heterocyclic species, which typically have carbon atoms in the range of about 6 to about 500 carbon atoms, n polysiloxanes, or n polysiloxanes-poly Urethane block copolymers, and combinations of one or more of the above with a linking group selected from: covalent bond, -O-, -S -, -NR-, -NR-C (O)-, -NR-C (O) -O-, -NR-C (O) -NR-, -SC (O)-, -SC (O)- O-, -SC (O) -NR-, -OS (O)₂ -, -O-S (O)₂ -O-, -O-S (O)₂ -NR-, -OS (O)-, -OS (O) -O-, -OS (O) -NR-, -O-NR-C (O)-, -O-NR-C (O)- O-, -O-NR-C (O) -NR, -NR-OC (O)-, -NR-OC (O) -O-, -NR-OC (O) -NR-, -O-NR -C (S)-, -O-NR-C (S) -O-, -O-NR-C (S) -NR-, -NR-OC (S)-, -NR-OC (S)- O-, -NR-OC (S) -NR-, -OC (S)-, -OC (S) -O-, -OC (S) -NR-, -NR-C (S)-, -NR -C (S) -O-, -NR-C (S) -NR-, -SS (O)₂ -, -S-S (O)_{2 -} O-, -S-S (O)₂ -NR-, -NR-O-S (O)-, -NR-O-S (O) -O-, -NR-O-S (O) -NR-, -NR-O-S (O)₂ -, -NR-O-S (O)₂ -O-, -NR-O-S (O)₂ -NR-, -O-NR-S (O)-, -O-NR-S (O) -O-, -O-NR-S (O) -NR-, -O-NR-S (O)₂ -O-, -O-NR-S (O)₂ -NR-, -O-NR-S (O)₂ -, -O-P (O) R₂ -, -S-P (O) R₂ -Or-NR-P (O) R₂ -; Wherein each R is independently hydrogen, alkyl, or substituted alkyl. Therefore, J may be oxyalkyl, sulfanyl, aminoalkyl, carboxyalkyl, oxyalkenyl, thioalkenyl, aminoalkenyl, carboxyalkenyl, oxyalkynyl, thioalkynyl, amine Alkynyl, carboxyalkynyl, oxycycloalkyl, thiocycloalkyl, amine cycloalkyl, carboxycycloalkyl, oxycycloalkenyl, thiocycloalkenyl, amine cycloalkenyl, carboxycycloalkene Aryl, heterocyclic, oxyheterocycle, thioheterocycle, aminoheterocycle, carboxyheterocycle, oxyaryl, thioaryl, aminearyl, carboxyaryl, heteroaryl, oxyheteroaryl , Thioheteroaryl, aminoheteroaryl, carboxyheteroaryl, oxyalkylaryl, thioalkylaryl, aminoalkylaryl, carboxyalkylaryl, oxyarylalkyl, Thiarylalkyl, aminoarylalkyl, carboxyarylalkyl, oxyarylalkenyl, thioarylalkenyl, aminoarylalkenyl, carboxyarylalkenyl, oxyalkenylaryl Base, thioalkenylaryl, aminoalkenylaryl, carboxyalkenylaryl, oxyarylalkynyl, thioarylalkynyl, aminearylalkynyl, carboxyarylalkynyl, oxyalkynyl Arylaryl, thioalkynylaryl, aminoalkynylaryl, or carboxyalkynyl Arylaryl, oxyalkylene, thioalkylene, aminoalkylene, carboxyalkylene, oxyalkylene, thioalkylene, aminoalkylene, carboxyalkylene, oxyalkylene, sulfur Alkynyl, aminoalkynyl, carboxyalkynyl, oxycycloalkylene, thiocycloalkyl, aminocycloalkyl, carboxycycloalkyl, oxycycloalkenyl, thiocycloalkenyl, Amino cycloalkenyl, carboxy cycloalkenyl, oxyarylene, thioarylene, amino arylene, carboxy arylene, oxyalkyl arylene, thioalkyl arylene, amine alkyl arylene Base, carboxyalkylalkylene, oxyarylalkylene, thioarylalkylene, aminoarylalkylene, carboxyarylalkylene, oxyarylalkylene, thioarylalkylene, aminoaryl Alkylene alkenyl, carboxyaryl alkenyl, oxyalkenyl aryl, thioalkenyl aryl, amino alkenyl aryl, carboxyalkenyl aryl, oxyaryl alkynyl, thioaryl alkynyl, amine Aryl aryl alkynyl, carboxy aryl alkynyl, oxy alkynyl aryl, thioalkynyl aryl, amino alkynyl aryl, carboxy alkynyl phenyl Radical, heteroaryl, oxyheteroaryl, thioheteroaryl, amine heteroaryl, carboxy heteroaryl, bivalent or polyvalent cyclic moieties containing heteroatoms, oxygen heteroatoms Divalent or polyvalent cyclic moiety, sulfur-containing heteroatom-containing bivalent or polyvalent cyclic moiety, amine-containing heteroatom-containing bivalent or polyvalent cyclic moiety, or carboxyl-containing heteroatom-containing bivalent or polyvalent cyclic section. The polysiloxane component may be selected from (meth) acrylate-functionalized polysiloxanes. Desirably, the curable matrix includes a (meth) acrylate component and an epoxy resin component, wherein the epoxy resin component is present in an amount of 40 to 90 weight percent (such as about 50 to about 80 weight percent). ), And the (meth) acrylate component is present in an amount of about 10 weight percent to about 60 weight percent (such as about 20 weight percent to about 40 weight percent). The relative percentages here are based on the total composition. The relative percentage of the epoxy resin component also includes a nitrogen-containing curing agent. Ideally, but alternatively, the curable matrix comprises a combination of epoxy-based (meth) acrylates, urethane (meth) acrylates, and (meth) acrylate alkyls, wherein The oxy (meth) acrylate is present in an amount of 10% to 50% by weight (such as about 20% to about 40% by weight), and the urethane (meth) acrylate may or may not be present, But when present, it is used in an amount greater than 0 to about 30 weight percent (such as about 10 weight percent to about 20 weight percent) and the alkyl (meth) acrylate is present in an amount of about 20 weight percent to about 60 weight percent ( Such as about 30 weight percent to about 50 weight percent). The relative percentages here are based on the total composition. The quantum dots used in the quantum dot-containing composition of the present invention may have various structures. One such structure comprises a core and at least one ligand. In some cases, the ligand on or connected to the quantum dot may be a molecule, oligomer, or polymer bonded to its surface, which creates the local ligand environment required for the atoms on the surface of the quantum dot. In general, certain ligands are present during the growth process used to synthesize quantum dots. Typically, these ligands are later replaced or exchanged to provide a new ligand environment that is selected to optimize properties. Ligands perform several functions. It helps avoid quantum dot aggregation and decay, it can improve the chemical stability of the quantum dot surface, and it can improve the luminous efficiency of the quantum dot. Ligand systems can include several forms. In general, it may include molecules or functional groups directly bonded to the quantum dots, and other materials selected as appropriate. In some embodiments, the functional polysiloxane provides the necessary ligand functionality. In some embodiments, a ligand on or connected to a quantum dot can be represented by the following formula: R⁸ -(X)_P Where R here⁸ Department has C₂ To C₃₀ (Hetero) hydrocarbon groups of carbon atoms; preferably straight or branched alkyl or polysiloxanes of 10 to 30 carbon atoms; p is at least one; preferably at least two; and X is an electron donating group Group. Preferably, X is an amine or thiol. In general, when a ligand is present on or connected to a quantum dot, each quantum dot has many ligand molecules. In some embodiments, the quantum dot material may include quantum dots dispersed in a liquid carrier. For example, the liquid carrier may include an oil, such as an amine-polysiloxane. Ideally, the liquid carrier is selected to match the transmittance of the curable matrix. The difference between the refractive index of the carrier liquid and the curable matrix is greater than 0.05, such as greater than 0.1, to increase the length of the optical path through the quantum dot layer and improve the quantum dot absorption and efficiency. The liquid carrier for quantum dots may be an amine-functional polysiloxane, such as shown in Structure III below:Where each R⁶ Independently alkyl or aryl; R^NH2 Amine substituted (hetero) hydrocarbyl; x is 1 to 2000; such as 3 to 100; y may be zero; x + y is at least one; R⁷ Alkyl, aryl or R^NH2 Where amine-functional polysiloxane has at least two R^NH2 Group. Suitable amine-functionalized polysiloxanes are described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2013/0345458 (Freeman et al.); And described in Lubkowsha et al., "Aminoalkyl Functionalized Siloxanes," Polimery, 59, pp. 763-68 Page (2014). Amine-functionalized polysiloxanes are commercially available from Gelest Inc, Morrisville, PA; Xiameter trademarks are available from Dow Corning, including Xiameter OFX-0479, OFX-8040, OFX-8166, OFX-8220, OFX-8417, OFX-8630 , OFX-8803 and OFX-8822; purchased from Siletech under the trademark Silamine; and purchased from Momentive under the trade names ASF3830, SF4901, RPS-116, XF40-C3029 and TSF4707, and purchased under the tradename Magnasoft, such as Magnasoft PlusTSF4709, and Baysilone OF-TP3309. In some embodiments, the ligand may be a thiol, such as a polythiol, selected from primary polythiols, secondary polythiols, and combinations thereof, ideally any one or more of the following: pentaerythritol (3-mercaptobutyl ester), pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate, trimethylolpropane tris (3-mercaptopropionate), [[2- (3-mercaptopropionyloxy) ethyl] Isocyanurate, dipentaerythritol hexa (3-mercaptopropionate), ethoxylated trimethylolpropane tri-3-mercaptopropionate, thiol-functional methylalkyl polysiloxane polymers and their combination. When constructing a quantum dot with a polythiol ligand, the ligand should have at least 2 functional groups, ideally 3 to 4 functional groups. In some embodiments, the ligand system may be liquid at first and then appear to be solid by curing, polymerizing, or removing the solvent. In some embodiments, the ligand system can remain liquid to provide quantum dot droplets dispersed in a carrier liquid, which are then dispersed in a curable matrix. In some embodiments, the amount of ligand and carrier liquid (functional or non-functional ligand) relative to the total composition is greater than 60 weight percent, such as greater than 70 weight percent, ideally greater than 80 weight percent. In some cases, quantum dot ligands are covered by: R¹ -(X) n where R¹ Department has C₁ To C₃₀ Carbon atom alkyl, with C₂ To C₃₀ Alkenyl of carbon atom or having C₂ To C₃₀ Carbon atom alkynyl, any of which can be straight chain, branched chain or cyclic, with the restriction that there is an appropriate number of carbon atoms, or that it can be substituted or interspersed with hetero atoms; n is an integer, at least -; And X-based electron-donating groups, such as amines, formic acid, and thiols. The nucleus of a quantum dot here is composed of a metal or a semiconducting compound or a mixture thereof. In some embodiments, each core is surrounded by at least one ligand, such as a polythiol ligand, which can be cross-linked with at least one other ligand surrounding another core. The composition of the sub-dot content of the present invention may include a single quantum dot type or a single quantum dot binding ligand type, or a plurality of quantum dot types or a plurality of quantum dot binding ligand types. For example, the composition of the present invention may include Cd quantum dots such as CdS, CdTe, CdSe, CdSe / CdS, CdTe / CdS, CdTe / ZnS, CdSe / CdS / ZnS, CdSe / ZnS, CdSeZn / CdS / ZnS or CdSeZn / ZnS, or Cd quantum dots bound to a ligand with an amine-binding group. The sub-dot composition of the present invention may also include InP quantum dots, such as InP or InP / ZnS, and InP quantum dots bound to a ligand having a carboxyl-binding group. In all embodiments, the metal or semiconducting compound used to form the core is a combination of one or more elements selected from Group IV of the Periodic Table of the Elements; one or more elements selected from Groups II and VI of the Periodic Table of Elements One or more elements selected from Groups III and V of the Periodic Table of the Elements; one or more elements selected from Groups IV and VI of the Periodic Table of Elements; and one or more elements selected from Group I of the Periodic Table of Elements Group and Group III and Group VI elements; or a combination thereof. Ideally, the metal or semiconducting compound is a combination of one or more elements selected from Group I and Group III and Group VI of the Periodic Table of Elements. For example, the metal or semiconducting compound is a combination of one or more of Cd, Zn, In, Cu, S, and Se. Examples of materials for preparing core-shell quantum dots include Si, Ge, Sn, Se, Te, B, C (including diamond), P, Co, Au, BN, BP, BAs, AlN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, InN, InP, InAs, InSb, AlN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, ZnO, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdS, CdSe, CdSeZn, CdTe, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, BeS, BeSe, BeTe, MgS, MgSe, GeS, GeSe, GeTe, SnS, SnSe, SnTe, PbO, PbS, PbSe, PbTe, CuF, CuCl, CuBr, CuI, Si₃ N₄ Ge₃ N₄ , Al₂ O₃ , (Al, Ga, In)₂ (S, Se, Te)₃ , Al₂ CO₃ And an appropriate combination of two or more of these materials. Exemplary core-shell luminescent quantum dots include CuInS, CuInSeS, CuZnInSeS, CuZnInS, Cu: ZnInS, CuInS / ZnS, Cu: ZnInS / ZnS, CuInSeS / ZnS, CdSe / ZnS, InP / ZnS, PbSe / PbS, CdSe / CdS, CdTe / CdS, CdTe / ZnS, and others. In some embodiments, the quantum dots may be from Nanosys, Inc., Milpitas, CA, which supplies quantum dots in the form of quantum dots and quantum dot concentrates, where the quantum dots may or may not have ligands connected to them . For example, Nanosys supplies GP-988 and Green Nanocrystal Paste. (The nanocrystals and quantum dots used in this article are interchangeable.) These quantum dots can be prepared by referring to the following literatures: Alivisatos, AP, "Semiconductor clusters, quantum dots, and quantum dots," Science, 271: 933 (1996); X. Peng, M. Schlamp, A. Kadavanich, AP Alivisatos, `` Epitaxial growth of highly luminescent CdSe / CdS Core / Shell quantum dots with photostability and electronic accessibility, '' J. Am. Chem. Soc., 30: 7019-7029 (1997); and CB Murray, DJ Norris, MG Bawendi, `` Synthesis and characterization of nearly monodisperse CdE (E = sulfur, selenium, tellurium) semiconductor nanocrystallites, '' J. Am. Chem. Soc., 115: 8706 (1993) X. Peng et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 30: 7019-7029 (1997). For example, add 1.5 g of GP-988 to a green nanocrystalline paste (from 15 mL of washed nanocrystals whose decanting solvent is decanted), stir well with a spatula, and then stir with a stir bar At the same time, it is heated to a temperature of about 90 ° C for a period of 2 hours. The solution was allowed to cool to room temperature and decanted into another bottle. A typical weight ratio would be 0.8 g of paste in 8.0 g of GP-988. The measured quantum yield of the exchanged green polymer 323-13E was measured to be 86.8%. Quantum dots can be produced using any method known to those skilled in the art. For example, see U.S. Patent Nos. 6,225,198; 6,207,229; 6,322,901; 6,872,249; 6,949,206; 7,572,393; 7,267,865 and 7,374,807, each of which is incorporated by reference in its entirety In this article. The optical properties of a quantum dot can be determined by its particle size, chemical or surface composition, and / or by suitable optical tests available in the art. The ability to adjust the particle size of the quantum dots to a range between about 1 nm and about 15 nm enables the light emission coverage in the entire spectrum to provide great color rendering flexibility. After or during its formation, the quantum dots can be dispersed in a carrier for use in a premix. When the blue primary light is down-conversion, the quantum dots emit green and red light, such as from the blue LED to the secondary light emitted by the quantum dots. Corresponding parts of red light, green light and blue light can be controlled to achieve the white point required for white light emitted by a display device incorporating a quantum dot film product. Quantum dot concentrates can be used in sub-dot compositions in amounts ranging from about 0.05 weight percent to about 10 weight percent. The quantum dots may be dispersed in a curable matrix in an amount of about 0.2 to about 1 weight percent, such as about 0.3 to about 0.6 weight percent. Once formed, the quantum dot layer has a thickness of about 40 microns to about 250 microns. The curable matrix of the sub-dot composition adheres to the barrier layer to form a laminated structure, and also forms a protective matrix for the quantum dots. However, known quantum dot layers show a tendency to degrade at the edges over time, at least in part, due to penetration of environmental pollutants. Such penetration or entry (including edge entry) is defined by the loss of quantum dot performance caused by moisture and / or oxygen entering the matrix 24. In various embodiments, the edges of moisture and oxygen in the cured matrix 24 enter less than about 1.0 mm after 1 week at 85 ° C, or less than about 0.75 mm after 1 week at 85 ° C, or at 85 ° C Less than about 0.5 mm after the next week, or less than 0.25 mm after 1 week at 85 ° C. In various embodiments, after 500 hours at 65 ° C, the moisture and oxygen of the substrate enter less than about 0.5 mm, and the relative humidity is 95%. In various embodiments, the oxygen transmission rate of the cured matrix is less than about 150 (cc.mil) / (m² d), or less than about 100 (cc.mil) / (m² d). In various embodiments, the water vapor transmission rate of the cured substrate should be less than about 50 g / m² .mil.d, such as less than about 30 g / m² .mil.d. The composition of the present invention may also include a desiccant, such as a desiccant selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, anhydrous calcium sulfate, molecular sieves, and zeolites. The particle size of the desiccant should be in the range of about 0.1 μm to about 500 μm, such as about 0.1 μm to about 10 μm. The desiccant should be present in an amount ranging from about 0.5 to about 15 weight percent, such as from about 1 to about 8 weight percent. The composition of the present invention may include a deoxidizing agent such as a deoxidizing agent selected from the group consisting of sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, triphenylphosphine, an ascorbic acid derivative, and a thiourea derivative. The particle size of the selected deoxidizer should be in the range of about 1 μm to about 500 μm, and the present amount should be in the range of about 1 to about 8 weight percent. Ideally, in some embodiments, a desiccant and a deoxidizing agent may be present. However, at least one of the desiccant and the deoxidizing agent must be present in the composition having a sub-dot. Desiccants and / or deoxidants help maintain the integrity of the quantum dot layer. By doing so, the color changing ability is retained. In various embodiments, the color change observed after aging is defined by the following: after an aging time of 1 week at 85 ° C, the change on the 1931 CIE (x, y) chromaticity coordinate system is less than 0.02. In some embodiments, the color change after aging is less than 0.005 after an aging time of 1 week at 85 ° C. In some embodiments, after 100 hours at 65 ° C., the color shift d (x, y) obtained by the matrix using the CIE 1931 (x, y) rule is less than about 0.02, and the relative humidity is 95%. In many embodiments, the method of forming a quantum dot film product includes forming a partially cured quantum dot material having a viscosity that is at least 10 times greater than that of a polymerizable curable matrix after undergoing partial curing or before the curable matrix undergoes partial curing or At least 20 times larger. In one or more embodiments, the first viscosity is less than 10,000 centipoise and the second viscosity is greater than 100,000 centipoise. Prior to curing, the viscosity of the composition with sub-points is at least 200 centipoise and as high as 15,000 centipoise, preferably 500 to 10,000 centipoise, and most preferably between 1000 and 3000 centipoise. A method for forming a quantum dot film product includes applying a composition containing sub-dots to a first barrier layer, and placing a second barrier layer on or above the composition containing sub-dots, the layer matching the first barrier layer relationship. In one or more embodiments, a method of forming a quantum dot film article includes exposing a curable matrix to conditions effective to initiate curing to form a partially cured quantum dot film. FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an illustrative quantum dot film 10. In one or more embodiments, the quantum dot film product 10 includes a first barrier film 32, a second barrier film 34, and a quantum dot layer 20 separating the first barrier film 32 and the second barrier film 34. The quantum dot layer 20 includes quantum dots 22 dispersed in a curable matrix 24. In one or more embodiments, the method of forming the quantum dot film product 10 includes coating the sub-dot-containing composition 20 on the first barrier film 32 and placing a second barrier on the sub-dot-containing composition 20 Film 34. The barrier films 32, 34 can be formed from any suitable film material that can protect the quantum dots from environmental conditions such as air and moisture. Suitable barrier films include polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate, glass, oxides such as silicon oxide, titanium oxide or aluminum oxide, or other dielectric materials. In many embodiments, each barrier layer of the quantum dot film includes at least two different materials or compositions, so that the multilayer barrier layer eliminates or reduces the alignment of stomata defects in the barrier layer, and provides a value for air and moisture scale values. Effective blocking. The characteristics, thickness, and number of barrier layers will depend on the specific application, and will be appropriately selected to maximize the protection of the barrier layer and the brightness of the quantum dots while minimizing the thickness of the quantum dot film. In many embodiments, each barrier layer is a laminated film, such as a double laminated film, wherein the thickness of each barrier layer is thick enough to eliminate wrinkles in a roll or laminated manufacturing process. In one illustrative embodiment, the barrier film is a polyester film having an oxide layer. The barrier protection discussed above refers to the protection provided in the vertical direction. The protection obtained in the horizontal or lateral direction (especially at the distillation edge of the quantum dot film) comes from the added desiccant and / or moisture scavenger. Some of the advantages of the sub-dot composition and films formed therefrom according to the present invention are illustrated by the following examples.Examples Examples 1 : As a comparative example, a formulation (Sample A) was prepared by mixing the following components.table 1 5% by weight of Green Gen 2 QD concentrate from Nanosys Inc was added to the four components. Subsequently, the thus-formed sub-dot composition (sample A) was laminated between two barrier films (each from Vitriflex), and the curing was 2 J / cm generated by exposure to a 365 nm UV LED lamp² The amount of radiation, and subsequently an additional 1 J / cm generated by exposure to a mercury vapor phase UV lamp² Radiation dose. The thickness of the quantum dot film product is about 100 microns. The obtained quantum dot film product was punched into a 19 mm diameter circle, and it was placed in a humid box at 60 ° C / 90% RH for aging research. Film samples were periodically removed from the humid chamber and observed with an optical microscope on a blue LED backlight. As determined by virtual observation, the quantum dots in the film product are excited by blue light and emitted green light. At the peripheral edge of the membrane product, the penetration of air and moisture causes the quantum dots to degrade and form non-active areas. Measure and monitor the width of this non-active edge area based on the aging time (in weeks). After 1 week, the non-active edge was measured at 1.6 mm; after 2 weeks, it was measured at 1.66 mm; and after 3 weeks, it was measured at 2.61 mm.Examples 2 : Calcium oxide was added to the formulation (sample A) in Table 1 as a desiccant, and the loadings thereof were 1% wt, 3% wt, 5% wt, 8% wt, and 10% wt.table 2 Subsequently, a quantum dot film article was prepared following the same procedure described in Sample A. These quantum dot film products were aged in a 60 ° C / 90% RH humidity cabinet. Observe at different aging times and record the width of the non-active edge area as follows. Sample 5 showed delamination. Sample 5 could not be properly evaluated because the quantum dot film showed local delamination after stamping.table 3 It can be seen that the addition of calcium oxide as a desiccant reduces the width of the non-active edge region of the quantum dot film product formed after heating and humid aging. The effect of calcium oxide as a desiccant on the optical properties of the quantum dot film was also measured. The brightness and color coordinates of the sub-dot film were measured by a Photo Research PR655 spectroradiometer. The quantum dot film was illuminated with a blue LED backlight and the light emitted by the sub-dot film was measured by PR655 spectroradiometry. Observe the brightness and color coordinates of the quantum dot films Nos. 1 to 3, and record them in Table 4 below.table 4 The brightness and y color coordinates indicate the amount of green light emitted by the quantum dot film. The presence of a desiccant in a quantum dot film increases the amount of green light emitted by the film. Therefore, when the load of the quantum dots is the same, more blue light can be converted into green light. In other words, using calcium oxide as a desiccant seems to require a lower concentration of quantum dots to convert the same amount of blue light into green light.Examples 3 : Add sodium sulfite and sodium bisulfite as deoxidants to sample A. The weight percentage loadings are shown in Table 5 below (samples 6 and 8 are 3 weight percent; samples 7 and 9 are 5 weight percent) .table 5 Subsequently, the same procedure as described in Example 1 was followed to prepare a quantum dot film product. These quantum dot film products were also aged in a 60 ° C / 90% RH humidity cabinet. Observe the width of the non-active edge area at different aging times and record it in Table 6 below.table 6 It can be seen that the addition of sodium sulfite and sodium bisulfite as deoxidants reduces the width of the non-active edge area during heating and humid aging.Examples 4 : As a comparative example (sample B), a two-part adhesive formulation was prepared by mixing the components listed below in sections A and B.table 7a - A section table 7b - B section Mix the components of Part A with the components of Part B, and then combine Part A and Part B to form a composition containing sub-dots, and then laminate them between two barrier films (each from Vitriflex), 1 J / cm generated by exposure to 365 nm UV LED lamps² UVA radiation to cure. Subsequently, the laminated film was cured at a temperature of 100 ° C for a period of 5 minutes. The resulting quantum dot film was evaluated using the same method outlined in Example 1. The results obtained by observing Sample B are reported in Table 9.Examples 5 : Micronized calcium oxide was mixed into the formulation of Part A of the foregoing example. Table 8a-Part A Table 8b-Part B The components are mixed together to form a Part B formulation, which is mixed with Part A, and a quantum dot film is prepared and evaluated following the same process as the previous example. The evaluation results are shown in Table 9 below.table 9 Examples 6 : Here, the combination of the desiccant and the deoxidizing agent is used to prepare a form with different content but similarly low content of dots.table 10 Subsequently, the same procedure as described in Example 1 was followed to prepare a quantum dot film product. Aging quantum dot film products in a 60 ° C / 90% RH humidity cabinet. Observe the width of the non-active edge region at different aging times and record it in Table 11 below.table 11 The results shown in Table 11 indicate that the combination of desiccant and deoxidizer can also be used to effectively reduce the width of the non-active edge of the quantum dot film.

10‧‧‧ Quantum Dot Film Products

20‧‧‧ Quantum Dot Layer

22‧‧‧ Quantum Dots

24‧‧‧ Curable Matrix

32‧‧‧First barrier film

34‧‧‧Second barrier film

Figure 1 is a schematic side view of an illustrative sub-dot composition, which is in the form of a film between two barrier films.

Claims (22)

A composition comprising : a plurality of quantum dots; a curable matrix; and at least one of a desiccant and a deoxidizer. The composition of claim 1, wherein the plurality of quantum dots are dispersed in a carrier. The composition of claim 1, wherein the quantum dots are composed of a core comprising a metal or a semiconducting compound or a mixture thereof. The composition of claim 1, wherein the metal or semiconducting compound is a combination of: one or more elements selected from Group IV of the Periodic Table of the Elements; one or more elements selected from Groups II and VI of the Periodic Table of Elements Element; one or more elements selected from Groups III and V of the Periodic Table of the Elements; one or more elements selected from Groups IV and VI of the Periodic Table of the Elements; and one or more elements selected from Group I of the Periodic Table of Elements And elements of Groups III and VI; or a combination thereof. The composition of claim 1, wherein the metal or semiconducting compound is a combination of one or more elements selected from Group I and Group III and Group VI of the Periodic Table of Elements. The composition of claim 1, wherein the metal or semiconducting compound is a combination of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Cd, Zn, In, Cu, S, and Se. The composition of claim 1, wherein the core is composed of members selected from the group consisting of: CuInS, CuInSeS, CuZnInSeS, CuZnInS, Cu: ZnInS, CuInS / ZnS, Cu: ZnInS / ZnS, CuInSeS / ZnS, CdSe / ZnS, InP / ZnS, PbSe / PbS, CdSe / CdS, CdTe / CdS and CdTe / ZnS. The composition of claim 1, wherein the core is composed of a member selected from the group consisting of CdSe / ZnS, CdSe / CdS, CdTe / CdS, and CdTe / ZnS. The composition of claim 1, wherein the curable matrix comprises at least one of a (meth) acrylate component, an epoxy resin component, and a combination thereof. The composition of claim 1, wherein the (meth) acrylate component comprises an epoxy-based (meth) acrylate, a urethane (meth) acrylate, and an (meth) acrylate alkyl Combination of esters. The composition of claim 1, wherein the curable matrix further comprises a curing agent. The composition of claim 11, wherein the curing agent is a photoinitiator. The composition of claim 1, wherein the desiccant is selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, anhydrous calcium sulfate, molecular sieve, and zeolite. The composition of claim 1, wherein the desiccant is calcium oxide. The composition of claim 14, wherein the particle size of the desiccant is in the range of about 1 μm to about 500 μm. The composition of claim 14, wherein the desiccant is present in an amount ranging from about 1 to about 8 weight percent. The composition of claim 1, wherein the oxygen scavenger is selected from the group consisting of sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, triphenylphosphine, an ascorbic acid derivative, and a thiourea derivative. The composition of claim 1, wherein the oxygen scavenger is sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, and combinations thereof. The composition of claim 1, wherein the particle size of the deoxidizer is in the range of about 1 μm to about 500 μm. The composition of claim 1, wherein the oxygen scavenger is present in an amount ranging from about 1 to about 8 weight percent. The composition of claim 1, wherein the desiccant and the deoxidizer are present. The composition of claim 1, wherein the quantum dots are present in an amount of about 0.5 to about 2 weight percent.