TW201837481A - Electromagnetic signal detecting circuit and corresponding detecting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnetic signal detecting circuit and a corresponding detecting method. Both the electromagnetic signal transported from a signal source and the reference signal transported from a reference source may be amplified and transported alternatively at the same time to the process circuit for further processing, or may be amplified respectively before the amplified signals are transported alternatively to the process circuit for further processing. In the modern technology, the switcher has almost a non-zero switcher lose, and the gain of an amplifier is gradually degraded in the situation that the frequency of a signal to be amplified is gradually larger or smaller than a specific frequency range corresponding to the amplifier. Therefore, the invention may effectively detect the signal(s) no matter what the switcher loss of the used switcher is and/or the frequency of the electromagnetic signal(s).

Description

 Electromagnetic signal detection circuit and detection method  

The invention relates to an electromagnetic signal detecting circuit and a detecting method, in particular to a switching loss that is suitable for application in a switch, that is not negligible or that the electromagnetic signal frequency is high or low so that the gain of the amplifier is low. Status of electromagnetic signal detection circuit and detection method.

Dicke Switcher is currently used to eliminate (at least reduce) the noise caused by the change of the environment of the electromagnetic signal or the circuit used to receive and measure the electromagnetic signal during the process of receiving and measuring electromagnetic signals. The technology of influence. As shown in the first figure, the basic architecture of the Dick switch is to first switch between the source 101 of the electromagnetic signal to be processed and the source 102 of the reference reference signal using a switcher 110, especially fast and repeating. Switching between the two (101/102), and then using an amplifier 120 to amplify the signal when the switch 110 is switched to a certain signal and transmit the amplified signal to the processing circuit 130 for subsequent operation. Processing. The processing circuit 130 suppresses noise by comparing both the amplified electromagnetic signal and the amplified reference signal.

In any case, since the switch of the prior art always has a non-zero switching loss, there is always a lack of noise or a decrease in signal strength, and the operational benefit of the Dick switch is always affected.

In addition, the gain of the prior art amplifiers decreases as the difference between the electromagnetic signal frequency and this particular frequency range increases as the frequency of the processed (amplified) electromagnetic signal is above or below a particular frequency range. Therefore, when the frequency range of electromagnetic signals actually applied in recent years continues to expand in two directions of high frequency and/or low frequency, such as frequency applied in recent years such as material structure exploration, safety detection, and even communication systems, etc. It is a Herreherta of 0.05 to 3 THz, and an aeronautical radio, submarine cable and telephone telegraph with a frequency of only about 100 KHz or even 1 KHz . Unless the specific frequency range of the amplifier used in the Dick switch can be large enough to cover all possible electromagnetic signals (even reference signals), or the amplifier used in the Dick switch can still be large enough outside its specific frequency range. Gain, otherwise the commonly used Dick switch will always be unable to process electromagnetic signals effectively because the frequency of the electromagnetic signal exceeds the specific frequency range of the amplifier used.

In summary, since the switcher in the prior art always has a non-zero switching loss, the amplifier gain is always inevitably lowered as the frequency of the signal to be processed exceeds a specific frequency range, and the commonly used Dick switch is successively applied. After the switch and the amplifier are switched and amplified first, the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal cannot be effectively improved, and the processing circuit cannot effectively suppress the noise.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new electromagnetic signal detecting circuit and a detecting method, so that the noise can be effectively suppressed when the electromagnetic signal frequency becomes high or low.

The invention has two basic architectures. The first is to simultaneously amplify both the electromagnetic signal from the signal source and the reference signal from the reference source (such as quickly turning on and off different amplifiers for amplifying different signals) and switching the outputs alternately. The amplified signal is used for subsequent comparison processing. The second method is to first use two amplifiers to respectively amplify the electromagnetic signal from the signal source and the reference signal from the reference source, and then use the switch to alternately switch the output of the two amplified signals (such as rapidly and repeatedly alternating). The output amplified electromagnetic signal and the amplified reference signal are used for subsequent comparison processing.

The difference between the present invention and the conventional use of Dick switches is that the order of amplification and switching is different. The invention is either simultaneously amplifying and switching or first amplifying and then switching, that is, the amplifier and the switch can be integrated to alternately switch the signals transmitted to the processing circuit by controlling the turning on or off of the respective amplifiers, that is, Alternatively, the signal source and the reference source may be electrically connected to different amplifiers respectively, and then the switches electrically connected to the amplifiers are used to alternately switch the signals transmitted to the processing circuit. In contrast, the commonly used Dick open relationship is first switched and then amplified, that is, the signal source and the reference source are first electrically connected to the switch, and then the amplifier is electrically connected to the switch and the processing circuit, thereby alternately The transmission signal then sequentially amplifies and transmits the signals that are alternately transmitted to the processing circuit.

Obviously, the present invention and the commonly used Dick switch can use the same hardware, software, firmware, etc. in other parts, such as the same processing circuit, signal source and reference source. In addition, the present invention does not limit the details of both the amplifier and the switch used, and any existing, developing, and future-appearing amplifiers and switches can be used with the present invention.

101‧‧‧Source of electromagnetic signals to be processed

102‧‧‧Source of reference signal

110‧‧‧Switcher

120‧‧‧Amplifier

130‧‧‧Processing Circuit

201‧‧‧Signal source

202‧‧‧Reference source

210‧‧‧First amplifier

220‧‧‧second amplifier

230‧‧‧Switch

240‧‧‧Processing Circuit

250‧‧‧Power Synthesizer

41‧‧‧Steps

42‧‧‧Steps

421‧‧‧Steps

43‧‧‧Steps

431‧‧‧Steps

The first figure is a schematic diagram of the basic architecture of the Dick switch; the second A diagram and the second B diagram are schematic diagrams of two basic architectures of the electromagnetic signal detection circuit of the present invention; and the third diagram is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; . 4A to 4C are basic flowcharts of the electromagnetic signal detecting method of the present invention.

The detailed description of the present invention will be discussed by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and are applicable to other applications. The drawings disclose some details, and it must be understood that the disclosed details may differ from those disclosed, unless the features are explicitly limited.

The first of the two basic architectures of the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit proposed by the present invention is as shown in FIG. 2A. The first amplifier 210 and the second amplifier 220 are respectively electrically connected to a signal source 201 for providing an electromagnetic signal and a reference source 202 for providing a reference signal. The switch 230 fixedly connects the first amplifier 210 and the first The two amplifiers 220 are both electrically coupled to the processing circuit 240 and on the other hand control the opening and closing of both the first amplifier 210 and the second amplifier 220, respectively. Of course, the first amplifier 210, the second amplifier 220, and the switch 230 can be regarded as a switch having a gain.

The main feature of such a basic architecture is that different amplifiers are used to electrically connect the signal source and the reference source to the processing circuit, respectively, and then the switch is used to alternately turn on and off the two amplifiers respectively to make the amplified electromagnetic signal and The amplified reference signals are alternately transmitted to the processing circuit. Obviously, since the amplifiers are fixedly electrically connected to the processing circuit, the switches alternately switch between the amplified electromagnetic signals and the amplified reference signals from the amplifiers to the processing circuits by individually controlling the turning on and off of the amplifiers. The transmission, therefore, the switching loss of the switch can be minimized, or it can have a lower switching loss than a general mechanical switch/electronic switch or the like. Obviously, since the switching loss can be effectively reduced, the overall gain of the basic architecture (the sum of the gain of the amplifier and the switching loss of the switch) can be increased regardless of whether the gain of the amplifier itself increases.

The second of the two basic architectures of the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit proposed by the present invention is as shown in FIG. The first amplifier 210 and the second amplifier 220 are respectively electrically connected to the signal source 201 for providing electromagnetic signals and the reference source 202 for providing reference signals. The switch 230 is electrically connected to the first amplifier 210 and the second The second amplifier 220 is also electrically coupled to the processing circuit 240.

The main feature of such a basic architecture is that a different amplifier can be used to separately amplify the electromagnetic signal to be processed and the reference signal for reference, and then the switcher alternately transmits the amplified electromagnetic signal and the amplified reference signal to the processing circuit. Obviously, the signal intensity of both the amplified electromagnetic signal and the amplified reference signal is greater than the signal strength of both the electromagnetic signal and the reference signal (whether it is a higher signal voltage, more signal current, or Large signal amplitudes, etc.), and the greater the gain of these amplifiers used, the more the signal strength increases. Therefore, although there is always a switching loss during the operation of the switch, both the amplified electromagnetic signal and the amplified reference signal can still have a better signal to noise ratio. Obviously, since the effect of switching loss can be reduced by first amplifying both the electromagnetic signal and the reference signal, the overall gain of the basic architecture (the sum of the gain of the amplifier and the switching loss of the switch) is increased regardless of the gain of the amplifier itself. Can still be increased.

In contrast, the commonly used Dick switch uses a switcher to switch between the electromagnetic signal source and the reference signal source and then use the amplifier to amplify the signal passing through the switch, and the signal transmitted to the amplifier through the switch. The signal-to-noise ratio will be poor due to the inevitable switching loss, and the gain of the amplifier will directly amplify the signal with a bad signal-to-noise ratio, which will result in poor noise suppression of the processing circuit.

Further, when the frequency of the electromagnetic signal and/or the reference signal is higher or lower than a specific frequency range in which the general amplifier can be appropriately amplified, the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit proposed by the present invention is more suitable than the commonly used Dick switch. . This is because in the prior art, any amplifier can only have a large gain in a certain frequency range, and the gain of the amplifier is lowered when the frequency of the signal to be amplified is higher or lower than the specific frequency range. That is, the gain curve is often a change in gain when the signal frequency has a high and stable gain in this particular frequency range but will gradually decrease as the signal frequency gradually moves away from this particular frequency range. Therefore, when the frequency of the signal to be processed (whether the electromagnetic signal or the reference signal) is high or low until the amplifier cannot properly amplify (or the absolute value of the gain of the amplifier may be only slightly greater than one), it is generally known The Dick switch used is a signal that amplifies the switching loss through the switch, but the present invention amplifies the signal when the signal is processed by the switcher or is processed before or after the signal is processed. The process of transmitting the signal source and the reference source to the processing circuit can be less affected by the switching loss of the switch.

In particular, since the main difference between the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit and the conventional Dick switch proposed by the present invention is the sequence of switching and amplifying both the electromagnetic signal and the reference signal, the present invention does not need to modify the conventional Dick switch. Both the amplifier and the switcher use at least a simple hardware to turn on and off separate amplifiers. Therefore, compared with the design and use of different amplifiers, the signal can be properly amplified in the frequency range in which the entire electromagnetic signal and the reference signal may appear. Compared with the design and use of different switches to reduce the switching loss, The electromagnetic signal detecting circuit proposed by the invention has the advantages of low cost, easy implementation, easy design, simple operation and the like.

Obviously, the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit proposed by the present invention does not need to limit the details of the various amplifiers used, and any existing, developing or future amplifiers are the sources of amplifiers that can be selectively used in the present invention. For example, some embodiments of the present invention use two identical amplifiers as the first amplifier 210 and the second amplifier 220, respectively, that is, the hardware architectures of the first amplifier 210 and the second amplifier 220 are identical. The gain at the same signal frequency is also the same. For example, some embodiments of the present invention use two amplifiers having equal gain curves to be used as the first amplifier 210 and the second amplifier 220, respectively, that is, the first amplifier 210 and the second amplifier 220 only need to be at the same signal frequency. The gain of the time is exactly the same, as the hardware architecture of the two amplifiers 210/220 can be different. For example, some embodiments of the present invention use a low noise amplifier (LNA) as the first amplifier 210 and the second amplifier 220, respectively, to further reduce noise and improve signal to noise ratio, especially Reducing the impact of inevitable switching losses when both the large rear electromagnetic signal and the amplified reference signal are transmitted/switched, where the low noise amplifier can be any existing, developing, or future low Noise amplifier.

Obviously, the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit proposed by the present invention does not need to limit the details of the switch 230 used. Any existing, developing or future switching device is a switch that can be selectively used in the present invention. Source. For example, some embodiments of the present invention are fixedly connecting the first amplifier 210 and the second amplifier 220 to the processing circuit 240 through a conductive material, and further controlling the first amplifier 210 using the switch 230. Turn on/turn off with both the second amplifier 220. That is, when the switch 230 is to transmit the amplified electromagnetic signal, the first amplifier 210 is turned on to turn off the second amplifier 220, and when the switch 230 is to transmit the amplified reference signal, the second amplifier 220 is turned on. The first amplifier 210 is turned off. For example, some embodiments of the present invention are fixed on the one hand to turn on both the first amplifier 210 and the second amplifier 220, and in yet another aspect to control the switch 230 and the first amplifier 210 and the second amplifier 220, respectively. Electrical connection. That is, when the switch 230 is to transmit the amplified electromagnetic signal, it is adjusted until the switch 230 is temporarily electrically connected only to the first amplifier 210 and the second amplifier 220 is temporarily unable to be electrically connected to the switch 230. When the switch 230 transmits the amplified reference signal, the switch 230 is adjusted to be temporarily electrically connected to the second amplifier 220 to temporarily disable the first amplifier 210 from being electrically connected to the switch 230. It must be added that the switching speed of the switch 230 depends on how high the processing circuit 240 needs to interleave the amplified electromagnetic signal and the amplified reference signal at a high frequency to properly suppress the noise. And if the electronic switching is used to change the electrical connection relationship between the two amplifiers 210/220 and the processing circuit 240, or directly control the opening and closing of the two amplifiers 210/220 to change which amplifier can transmit the amplified signal. By the reference circuit 240, a higher switching frequency can be achieved. In general, the switching frequency that the switch 230 needs to achieve is proportional to the frequency of the electromagnetic signal and/or the reference signal.

Further, since the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit of the present invention can process signals with higher frequency or lower frequency more effectively than the commonly used Dick switch, in various embodiments of the present invention, the signal source 201 and the reference source 202 is a source that can provide signals with a high frequency or a low frequency. For example, in some embodiments of the invention, the signal source 201 provides electromagnetic signals having a frequency between 50 GHz and 650 GHz, that is, these embodiments are suitable for processing the terahertz field in recent years. For example, in some implementations of the invention, the signal source 201 provides an electromagnetic signal having a frequency higher than 150 MHz or an electromagnetic signal having a frequency lower than 50 KHz, that is, these embodiments are suitable for a frequency range in which the gain of the general amplifier is not large. . For example, the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit of the present invention can be more susceptible to the switching loss of the switch than the conventional Dick switch. In some implementations of the present invention, the signal source 201 provides a low signal strength. The large electromagnetic signal is like an electromagnetic signal whose intensity is substantially equal to (or is not less than) the switching loss of the switch 230, and an electromagnetic signal whose intensity is less than three times the switching loss of the switch 230, that is, these embodiments Suitable for dealing with situations where the signal strength is not significantly different from the switch switching loss.

In any case, the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit proposed by the present invention does not need to limit the specific details of the signal source 201 and the reference source 202. Any existing, developing or future source of signals and reference sources are the present invention. You can choose which source to use and the source of the reference source. For example, if the signal source 201 receives signals from the outside world, in order to grasp the noise caused by changes in the external environment (such as temperature and humidity, etc., with time and space fluctuations) and / or to receive signals with hard The noise of the body itself, some embodiments of the present invention allow the signal source 201 and the reference source 202 to be separated from each other but close to each other, while other embodiments of the present invention allow both the signal source 201 and the reference source 202. Located in an equal environment and have equal configurations. For example, if the signal source 201 is electrically connected to the antenna to receive electromagnetic waves and then transmits the electromagnetic waves in the form of electromagnetic signals to the first amplifier 220, the reference source 202 may be located near the antenna and have a comparable configuration to the antenna (eg, The equivalent material and / or equivalent shape, in order to grasp the fluctuations of the temperature and humidity of the environment around the antenna. For example, in order to further grasp that the fluctuation of the amplified electromagnetic signal transmitted to the processing circuit 240 after being amplified and switched is a fluctuation of the electromagnetic signal itself or is affected by noise or the like during amplification switching, etc., the present invention Some embodiments allow the reference source 202 to be located in the vicinity of the hardware used to amplify/transmit/switch/process these signals, such as the reference source 202, the first amplifier 210, the second amplifier 220, the switch 230, and the processing. The circuit 240 is packaged inside the same integrated circuit (especially the same part inside the same integrated circuit), and the reference source 202, the first amplifier 210, the second amplifier 220 and the switch 230 can be placed in the same Inside the integrated circuit (especially the same part inside the same integrated circuit).

Further, in order to reduce the instability that may occur when the outputs of the first amplifier 210 and the second amplifier 220 are directly electrically connected to the input end of the switch 230, as shown in the third figure, some implementations of the present invention For example, the power combiner 250 is used to electrically connect the first amplifier 210 and the second amplifier 220 respectively, that is, the amplified electromagnetic signal and the amplified reference signal are respectively input by different inputs of the power combiner 250. receive. Here, the power combiner 250 is also electrically connected to the processing circuit 240 such that the amplified electromagnetic signal and the amplified reference signal can be transmitted to the processing circuit 240. Here, the first amplifier 210 and the second amplifier 220 are integrated into the switch 230 and can be individually adjusted to be turned on and off, that is, the switch 230 as a whole can be regarded as a switch having gain, and can be controlled after being amplified. The electromagnetic signal and the amplified reference signal are alternately transmitted to the processing circuit 240. It must be noted that the present invention does not need to limit the specific details of the power combiner 250, and any existing, developing, and future power combiner 250 can be used.

Another embodiment of the third embodiment shows that the electromagnetic signal and the reference signal are directly transmitted from the first amplifier 210 and the second amplifier 220 to the power combiner 250 and the subsequent processing circuit 240, respectively. The controller 230 only controls whether the first amplifier 210 and the second amplifier 220 are respectively turned on or off but not directly processed to the electromagnetic signal and the reference signal. Therefore, when the frequency of the electromagnetic signal and/or the reference signal is too high or too low, so that the gains of the first amplifier 210 and the second amplifier 220 start to decrease significantly, the overall architecture of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 can be known. The Dick switch has a large gain, so that the amplified electromagnetic signal transmitted to the power combiner 250 and the processing circuit 240 and the amplified reference signal can have a better signal to noise ratio.

In summary, the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit of the present invention includes a signal source for providing an electromagnetic signal and a reference source for providing a reference signal, and a first amplifier electrically connected to the signal source and amplifying the electromagnetic signal is electrically connected to The second amplifier that references the source and amplifies the reference signal, and compares the processing circuit that processes the amplified electromagnetic signal and the amplified reference signal. In particular, it further includes a switch that alternately transmits the amplified electromagnetic signal from the first amplifier and the amplified reference signal from the second amplifier to the processing circuit, wherein the basic structure of the switch can be as shown in FIG. 2A. The architecture of "simultaneous amplification and switching" may also be an architecture such as "first zooming in and then switching" as shown in FIG.

The electromagnetic signal detecting method proposed by the present invention is an overall operating method of the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit and the operating method of the related components, and the related content can discuss the paragraph of the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit proposed by the present invention through the above description. It is understood that the basic flow of the electromagnetic signal detecting method is only briefly described in the fourth A picture, the fourth B picture and the fourth C picture, and the other parts are omitted. The basic flow of the electromagnetic signal detecting method proposed by the present invention can be displayed in the fourth A diagram. First, as shown in step 41, the electromagnetic signal and the reference signal are received; then, as shown in step 42, the electromagnetic signal and the reference signal are amplified; finally, as shown in step 43, the amplified electromagnetic signal and the amplified reference signal are alternately transmitted. In order to compare and process the amplified electromagnetic signal and the amplified reference signal. The electromagnetic signal detecting method proposed by the present invention can use two basic structures of the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit proposed by the present invention, and the basic processes thereof are shown in FIG. 4B and FIG. 4C, respectively. Figure 4B shows the situation of simultaneous amplification and switching. First, as shown in step 41, the electromagnetic signal and the reference signal are received; then, as shown in step 421, two hardwares for amplifying the electromagnetic signal and for amplifying the reference signal are alternately turned on and off, where the two The hardware is electrically connected to the hardware for comparison processing. Finally, as shown in step 431, the amplified electromagnetic signal and the amplified reference signal are compared. The fourth C diagram shows the situation of first zooming in and then switching. First, as shown in step 41, the electromagnetic signal and the reference signal are received; then, as shown in step 422, the hardware for amplifying the electromagnetic signal or the hardware for amplifying the reference signal is alternately electrically connected for comparison processing. Finally, as shown in step 432, the amplified electromagnetic signal and the amplified reference signal are processed.

Obviously, the invention is susceptible to numerous modifications and variations, and is therefore to be understood within the scope of the appended claims. In addition to the above detailed description, the invention may be practiced widely in other embodiments. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; any equivalent changes or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be included in the following claims. Inside.

Claims (24)

 An electromagnetic signal detecting circuit comprises: a signal source for providing an electromagnetic signal; a reference source for providing a reference signal: a first amplifier electrically connected to the signal source and amplifying the electromagnetic signal; and a second amplifier electrically connected to the reference source and amplifying Reference signal: processing circuit, comparing and processing the amplified electromagnetic signal and the amplified reference signal; and the switch, alternately transmitting the amplified electromagnetic signal from the first amplifier and transmitting the amplified reference signal from the second amplifier to the processing circuit.    The electromagnetic signal detecting circuit according to claim 1, wherein the switch electrically connects the first amplifier and the second amplifier to the processing circuit, and further controls the first amplifier and the second amplifier respectively. Both are turned on and off.    The electromagnetic signal detecting circuit according to claim 1, wherein the switch is electrically connected to the first amplifier or the second amplifier on the one hand and electrically connected to the processing circuit on the other hand.    For example, in the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit described in claim 3, the first amplifier and the second amplifier are continuously turned on.    For example, in the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit described in claim 1, the signal source system and the reference source are separated from each other but close to each other.    For example, in the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit described in claim 5, the signal source and the reference source are in an equal environment and have an equal configuration.    For example, in the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit described in claim 1, the reference source, the first amplifier, the second amplifier, the switch, and the processing circuit are packaged in the same integrated circuit.    The electromagnetic signal detecting circuit according to claim 1, wherein the reference source and the first amplifier, the second amplifier, and the switch are packaged in the same portion inside the same integrated circuit.    The electromagnetic signal detecting circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first amplifier and the second amplifier are the same amplifier.    For example, in the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit described in claim 1, the gain curve of the first amplifier is equal to the gain curve of the second amplifier.    For example, in the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit described in claim 1, the first amplifier and the second amplifier are both low noise amplifiers.    For example, in the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit described in claim 1, the signal source is electrically connected to the antenna, and the signal source generates an electromagnetic signal according to the electromagnetic wave received by the antenna.    The electromagnetic signal detecting circuit according to claim 1 further comprises at least one of the following: a signal source for providing an electromagnetic signal with a frequency between 50 GHz and 650 GHz; and a signal source for providing an electromagnetic signal with a frequency higher than 150 MHz. : and provide a signal source for electromagnetic signals with a frequency lower than 50KHz.    For example, in the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit described in claim 1, the signal source provides an electromagnetic signal having a strength substantially equal to the switching loss of the switch.    For example, in the electromagnetic signal detecting circuit described in claim 1, the signal source provides an electromagnetic signal having a strength less than three times the switching loss of the switch.    An electromagnetic signal detecting method comprises: receiving an electromagnetic signal and a reference signal; amplifying the electromagnetic signal and the reference signal: and alternately transmitting the amplified electromagnetic signal and the amplified reference signal, thereby comparing and processing the amplified electromagnetic signal and the amplified reference signal.    For example, in the electromagnetic signal detecting method described in claim 16, the two hardwares for amplifying the electromagnetic signal and for amplifying the reference signal are alternately turned on and off, wherein the two hardwares are respectively electrically Connect to the hardware used for comparison processing.    The electromagnetic signal detecting method according to claim 16 of the patent application is electrically connected to the hardware for amplifying the electromagnetic signal or the hardware for amplifying the reference signal to the hardware for comparison processing.    For example, the electromagnetic signal detecting method described in claim 16 further includes at least one of the following: the source of the electromagnetic signal is separated from the source of the reference signal but close to each other; and the source of the electromagnetic signal and the source of the reference signal are arranged. Located in an equal environment and have equal configurations.    The electromagnetic signal detecting method according to claim 16 further includes at least one of the following: a source for arranging the reference signal, a hardware for amplifying the electromagnetic signal, a hardware for amplifying the reference signal, and alternating The ground transfer hardware and the hard system for comparison processing are packaged in the same integrated circuit; and the source of the reference signal, the hardware for amplifying the electromagnetic signal, the hardware for amplifying the reference signal, and the alternating The hard system of ground transmission is encapsulated in the same integrated circuit.    The electromagnetic signal detecting method according to claim 16 further includes at least one of: using the same amplifier to amplify the electromagnetic signal and the reference signal; and using an amplifier having the same gain curve to amplify the electromagnetic signal and the reference signal; Both low noise amplifiers are used to amplify the electromagnetic signals and reference signals.    The electromagnetic signal detecting method according to claim 16 further includes receiving an electromagnetic signal from the antenna, wherein the antenna receives the electromagnetic wave to generate an electromagnetic signal.    The electromagnetic signal detecting method according to claim 16 further includes at least one of the following: the frequency of the electromagnetic signal is between 50 GHz and 650 GHz; the frequency of the electromagnetic signal is higher than 150 MHz; and the frequency of the electromagnetic signal is lower than 50KHz.    The electromagnetic signal detecting method described in claim 16 further includes one of the following: the intensity of the electromagnetic signal is less than three times the switching loss during the alternate transmission; and the intensity of the electromagnetic signal is equal to the switching during the alternate transmission. loss.