TW201834614A - Non-invasive blood glucose measuring device, method, and system with identification function - Google Patents

Abstract

An embodiment of the present disclosure discloses invention provides a non-invasive blood glucose measuring device with an identification function which is worn by a user and includes a PPG signal acquisition and feature extraction device, an identification device and a blood glucose analyzer. The PPG signal acquisition and feature extraction device is used to obtain a PPG signal of the user, and perform a feature extraction on the PPG signal to obtain eigenvalues of the PPG signal. The identification device connects the PPG signal acquisition and feature extraction device to identify the identity of the user according to the plurality of eigenvalues of the PPG signal. The blood glucose analysis device connects the PPG signal acquisition and the feature extraction device, and calculates the blood glucose level of the user according to the eigenvalues of the PPG signal.

Description

Non-invasive blood glucose measuring device, method and system with identification function

[1] The present invention relates to a non-invasive blood glucose measurement technology, and more particularly to a non-invasive blood glucose measurement device with identification function based on Photoplethysmography (PPG) technology. Method and system.

[2] Traditional blood glucose measuring devices are mostly invasive blood glucose measuring devices. They must use a needle to puncture the skin and muscles of the user to obtain the blood of the user, and then place the collected blood on the blood glucose test paper to measure the blood sugar. concentration. However, invasive blood glucose measuring devices are not suitable for situations where it is necessary to monitor the user's changes in blood glucose concentration for administration, infusion, or other treatment. Therefore, a non-invasive blood glucose measuring device has been proposed. [3] The non-invasive blood glucose measuring device can be realized by optical measurement, electromagnetic field measurement, ultrasonic measurement and skin impedance measurement, etc., thereby obtaining the user's blood glucose concentration, so that the medical staff can use according to the use. The blood sugar level of the person is known to be a slight change in the user's body. However, due to the individual differences between the different user's bodies, it will lead to measurement errors, which in turn affect the accuracy of the sensing. [4] The published application of the Republic of China No. 201409389 discloses a system for collecting and managing blood glucose data, wherein the system manages blood glucose data of different users based on user identity. However, when the non-invasive blood glucose measuring device used therein is unable to measure blood sugar, the identity is recognized at the same time. Therefore, if the identity of the user is misused or deliberately used by other users, the system will get the user's blood glucose data error, and more seriously, the medical behavior will be handled incorrectly, resulting in medical disputes. [5] In addition, the open document Song et al. (Kiseok Song, et al. "An Impedance and Multi-Wavelength Near-Infrared Spectroscopy IC for Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Estimation," IEEE Journal of solid-state circuits, VOL. 50 , NO. 4, APRIL 2015) proposes a non-invasive blood glucose measuring device that measures the skin impedance and the spectrum of infrared light of three wavelengths. However, this publication does not further discuss how to make a non-invasive blood glucose measuring device perform identification while simultaneously performing identification.

[6] An embodiment of the present invention provides a non-invasive blood glucose measuring device with an identity recognition function, which is worn by a user, and includes a PPG signal acquisition and feature extraction device, an identification device, and a blood glucose analysis device. The PPG signal acquisition and feature extraction device is used to obtain the user's PPG signal, and the PPG signal is subjected to feature extraction to obtain a plurality of characteristic values of the PPG signal. The identification device connects the PPG signal acquisition and feature extraction device, and identifies the identity of the user according to multiple characteristic values of the PPG signal. The blood glucose analyzer connects the PPG signal acquisition and feature extraction device, and calculates a blood glucose value of the user according to a plurality of characteristic values of the PPG signal. [7] The embodiment of the invention provides a non-invasive blood glucose measuring system with an identification function, which comprises the aforementioned non-invasive blood glucose measuring device with an identification function and a server, wherein the non-invasive identification function The blood glucose measuring device and the server are connected to each other. [8] An embodiment of the present invention provides a non-invasive blood glucose measurement method with an identity recognition function, including the following steps. Obtain the user's PPG signal. Feature extraction is performed on the PPG signal to obtain multiple characteristic values of the PPG signal. The identity of the user is identified based on the plurality of characteristic values of the PPG signal. The blood sugar level of the user is calculated based on a plurality of characteristic values of the PPG signal. According to the prior art, the non-invasive blood glucose measuring device, method and system with identification function provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages: [10] (1) not because of the user The individual difference leads to an error in the measured blood glucose, which has a higher accuracy of blood glucose measurement; [11] (2) has an identification accuracy of more than 99%, which simultaneously identifies the user while measuring blood glucose The identity, therefore, can reduce the occurrence of medical disputes and mishandling problems; [12] (3) non-invasive and can continuously measure the user's blood sugar, so it can achieve the purpose of home care and medical care.

[20] An embodiment of the present invention provides a non-invasive blood glucose measuring device, method and system with an identity recognition function, which acquires a PPG signal of a user, and performs feature extraction on the PPG signal according to multiple PPG signals. The feature value identifies the user's identity and calculates the user's blood glucose value. Since the non-invasive blood glucose measuring device, method and system with identification function can identify the user's identity through the PPG signal, in the application of managing the user's blood sugar change, the source and correctness of the data can be ensured, thereby avoiding Medical disputes or mishandling. [21] Further, the user's PPG signal has multiple physiological information of the user, one of which is a biometric, and the plurality of characteristic values of the PPG signals of different users may be different from each other, and therefore, the PPG signal can be transmitted. Multiple feature values to identify the user's identity. In addition, the plurality of characteristic values of the PPG signal also correspond to different blood glucose values, and therefore, the PPG signal can also be used to calculate the blood sugar level of the user at the same time. In the embodiment of the present invention, the big data data can be collected for machine learning training, and a predictive model between the blood glucose level and the PPG signal is established by using the PPG signal and the collected blood glucose value as inputs. Then, through the prediction model, the user's blood glucose level can be calculated from the PPG signal. Since the non-invasive blood glucose measuring device, method and system with identification function can identify the user's identity and calculate the user's blood glucose level through the established prediction model, the measurement error caused by the individual difference can be reduced. . [22] First, please refer to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a non-invasive blood glucose measuring system with an identification function according to an embodiment of the present invention. The non-invasive blood glucose measuring system 1 with identification function can be composed of a plurality of non-invasive blood glucose measuring devices 11a-11c with identification functions and a server 12, wherein a plurality of non-invasive functions with identification functions The blood glucose measuring devices 11a to 11c and the server 12 are connected to each other by wire or wirelessly, and can communicate with each other. [23] A plurality of non-invasive blood glucose measuring devices 11a to 11c having identification functions are worn by different users, which may be different types or the same type of wearable devices, such as a smart bracelet or a smart watch, but The invention does not limit the type of wearable device. Each of the plurality of non-invasive blood glucose measuring devices 11a to 11c having the identification function may have a light emitting device, a light receiving device, a computing processing core, and a communication device. The illuminating device is configured to emit a light source (for example, a light source having a wavelength of 650 nm or 950 nm, and a 950 nm light source having a better performance) to a blood vessel under the skin of the user, and the light receiving device is configured to receive The reflected light source to obtain the PPG signal. The computing processing core is configured to process the PPG signal to identify the user's identity and calculate the user's blood glucose value, and the communication device is configured to transmit the user's identity and the corresponding blood glucose value to the server 12, so that The server 12 manages the identity of the user and its corresponding blood glucose level to achieve home care or medical care. [24] Further, the computing processing core performs feature extraction on the PPG signal to obtain a plurality of feature values of the PPG signal, and identifies the identity of the user according to the plurality of feature values of the PPG signal. The multiple feature values of the PPG signals of different users may be different from each other, so that multiple PPG signals of the user may be collected in advance, and multiple statistical values corresponding to multiple feature values of the user (for example, an average value, After the variance and/or the median, but not limited thereto, the identity of the user can be identified based on whether the plurality of feature values of the PPG signal obtained later are close to the plurality of statistical values of the plurality of feature values. [25] In addition, the PPG signal can also be used to calculate the user's blood glucose level at the same time. In the embodiment of the present invention, the computing processing core can collect big data data for machine learning training, and establish a predictive model between the blood glucose value and the PPG signal by using the PPG signal and the collected blood glucose value as inputs. Then, through the prediction model, the calculation processing core can calculate the user's blood sugar level based on the PPG signal. [26] Since the user may temporarily lend the non-invasive blood glucose measuring device 11a with the identification function to other users for trial use, the blood glucose value of other users will not be mistakenly recorded by the identification function. The user's blood sugar level. In other words, the present invention is capable of avoiding medical disputes. In addition, the non-invasive blood glucose measuring device 11a with identification function may have a needle and a medicament to provide a treatment or a non-invasive blood glucose measuring device with an identification function when detecting a abnormal blood sugar level of the user. 11a may have a prompting device to prompt the user when an abnormality in the blood glucose level of the user is detected. [27] Furthermore, traditionally, when a user is hospitalized, a general care worker wears a plastic bracelet on the user to identify the user, and when the user is discharged from the hospital, the plastic bracelet is discarded, resulting in waste. However, by wearing the non-invasive blood glucose measuring device 11a with the identification function on the user, it is possible to simultaneously identify the user's identity and obtain the user's blood sugar level, and the non-invasive blood sugar amount with the identification function. Since the measuring device 11a can recognize the identity of different users, after the user is discharged from the hospital, the non-invasive blood glucose measuring device 11a with the identification function can be worn by other users, thereby achieving environmental protection for recycling and reducing the use of plastic products. efficacy. [28] Next, please refer to FIG. 2, which is a block diagram of a non-invasive blood glucose measuring device with an identification function according to an embodiment of the present invention. The non-invasive blood glucose measuring device 2 with identification function may have a PPG signal acquisition and feature extraction device 21, an identity recognition device 22, a blood glucose analysis device 23 and a communication device 24, wherein the PPG signal acquisition is connected to the feature extraction device 21. The identity recognition device 22 and the blood glucose analysis device 23, and the identity recognition device 22 and the blood glucose analysis device 23 are connected to the communication device 24. [29] The PPG signal acquisition and feature extraction device 21 can be implemented by a light-emitting device, a light-receiving device, and a computation processing core. The PPG signal acquisition and feature extraction device 21 is configured to emit a light source to a blood vessel under the skin of the user and receive the reflected light source to acquire a PPG signal. Next, the PPG signal acquisition and feature extraction device 21 captures a plurality of feature values of the PPG signal and transmits the plurality of feature values to the identity recognition device 22 and the blood glucose analysis device 23. [30] The identity recognition device 22 can be implemented by a computing processing core. When the user wears the non-invasive blood glucose measuring device 2 with the identification function for the first time, the identification device 22 records a plurality of statistical values of the plurality of characteristic values of the plurality of PPG signals of the user for use as a judgment. The benchmark for the identity of the person. Thereafter, the identification device 22 can compare the plurality of feature values of the obtained PPG signal with a plurality of statistical values of the plurality of feature values of the record to identify the identity of the user. [31] The blood glucose analysis device 23 can be realized by a calculation processing core. Non-invasive blood glucose measuring device 2 with identification function Before the factory or when updating the predictive model, the blood glucose analyzing device collects big data data for machine learning training, by measuring the plurality of PPG signals and collecting blood glucose values ( As an input through the invasive measurement of blood glucose values, a predictive model between the blood glucose level and the PPG signal is established. Next, through the prediction model, the blood glucose analyzer 23 can calculate the blood sugar level of the user based on the currently obtained PPG signal. It should be noted here that the blood glucose analysis device 23 can calculate the blood glucose level of the user (single PPG signal measurement) based on only one acquired PPG signal, but preferably, the blood glucose analysis device 23 can obtain multiple consecutive acquisitions. The PPG signal (multiple PPG signal measurements) is used to calculate the user's blood glucose level to increase the accuracy of the blood glucose measurement. [32] The communication device 24 can be connected to the server by wire or wirelessly to communicate, and is used to transmit the user's identity and blood glucose value to the server for recording and management. In the embodiment of the present invention, the communication device 24 may be a Bluetooth communication device, which is connected to the smart phone and then connected to the server through the smart phone, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. In the application scenario in the hospital, the communication device 24 may be a WiFi communication device that is directly connected to the server of the hospital or connected to the server through a connected wireless access point. [33] Next, please refer to FIG. 3, which is a waveform diagram of a PPG signal obtained by the non-invasive blood glucose measuring device with the identification function according to the embodiment of the present invention. The user's PPG signal is shown in Figure 3, and one of the aforementioned methods for characterizing the PPG signal is described below. In this embodiment, 46 eigenvalues are extracted, which respectively include the values of the four amplitudes of the four points U, P, T, and D of the PPG signal and its differential signal (not shown). "Upper interval, UT interval, UD interval, UU' interval, PT interval, PD interval, PU' interval, TD interval, TU' interval, DU' interval, the value of ten intervals" and "UP amplitude, U' P amplitude, UT amplitude, U'T amplitude, UD amplitude, U'D amplitude, PT amplitude, PD amplitude, and the value of nine amplitudes of the TD amplitude". The U and U' points are the starting points of the PPG signal, the P and D points are the first and second peak points of the PPG signal, and the T point is the valley point of the PPG signal. [34] It should be noted here that the number of the above characteristic values is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the feature value of the PPG signal is obtained in the time domain, in other embodiments, the PPG signal may be converted into the time domain to the frequency domain, and then the feature value of the PPG signal in the frequency domain may be extracted. Preferably, considering the speed of the computational processing core of the wearable device, the feature values can be taken only in the time domain. In addition, the above feature values can be further processed to increase the accuracy of the identity recognition and blood glucose measurement. For example, the moving average and the moving variation can be calculated to compare with the plurality of statistical values of the recorded multiple feature values. Compare. [35] Next, please refer to FIG. 4A. FIG. 4A is a flowchart of a non-invasive blood glucose measuring method with an identification function according to an embodiment of the present invention. The non-invasive blood glucose measurement method with identification function can be performed by a non-invasive blood glucose measuring device or system having an identification function, and the present invention does not limit the type of the executing device or system. First, in step S41, the user's PPG signal is acquired. Next, in step S42, a plurality of feature values of the PPG signal are extracted. Then, in step S43, the identity of the user is determined based on the plurality of feature values of the PPG signal and the blood glucose level of the user is calculated. In this embodiment, the non-invasive blood glucose measurement method with identification function only identifies the user's identity and calculates the user's blood glucose value based on the single-measurement PPG signal, and therefore, the accuracy is to be improved. This method can be modified to identify the user's identity based on multiple PPG signals and calculate the user's blood glucose level. [36] Next, please refer to FIG. 4B, which is a flowchart of a non-invasive blood glucose measuring method with an identification function according to another embodiment of the present invention. The non-invasive blood glucose measurement method with identification function can be performed by a non-invasive blood glucose measuring device or system having an identification function, and the present invention does not limit the type of the executing device or system. First, in step S41, a PPG signal is acquired. Then, in step S42, a plurality of feature values of the PPG signal are retrieved. Next, in step S44, the predicted identity of the user is determined based on the plurality of feature values of the PPG signal and the predicted blood glucose value of the user is calculated. Then, in step S45, it is determined whether the number of measurements reaches a preset number of times (for example, 5 times, but the invention is not limited thereto). If the number of measurement times does not reach the preset number of times, steps S41 to S45 are performed again; if the number of measurement times reaches the preset number of times, step S46 is performed. In step S46, the identity of the user is identified according to the plurality of predicted identities of the user obtained in step S44 (for example, determining the identity of the user by using the most predicted number of times), and according to the obtained in step S44. The user's plurality of predicted blood glucose values calculate the user's blood glucose level (eg, exclude a more abnormal predicted blood glucose value, and calculate an average of the plurality of predicted blood glucose values). [37] Next, please refer to FIG. 5A. FIG. 5A is a graph showing the accuracy of the non-invasive blood glucose measurement method or apparatus with the identification function according to the embodiment of the present invention for performing only one single PPG signal measurement. According to the blood glucose measurement specification defined by the ISO15197 standard, the difference between the correct blood glucose level and the calculated (measured) blood glucose value may not exceed plus or minus 15%. If the difference between the correct blood glucose level and the calculated blood glucose value exceeds plus or minus 15%, the calculated (measured) blood glucose value will be regarded as an inaccurate blood glucose value. In Figure 5A, the ideal curve of the correct blood glucose level and the calculated blood glucose value is C51, that is, the curve of the correct blood glucose level and the calculated blood glucose value, and the calculated blood glucose value is 15% more than the correct blood glucose value. The % curves are C52 and C53, respectively, and the blood glucose values calculated by the non-invasive blood glucose measurement method or device with the identification function are shown as point P54. In Figure 5A, a plurality of points P54 fall between the curves C52 and C53, and it can be known that only a single PPG signal measurement can make the non-invasive blood glucose measurement method with the identification function of the embodiment of the present invention or The device has a certain accuracy. In addition, in the case of a single PPG signal measurement, the non-invasive blood glucose measurement method or device with the identification function of the embodiment of the present invention can achieve 99% in the case of identifying 31 users. Accuracy. [38] Next, please refer to FIG. 5B. FIG. 5B is a graph showing the accuracy of the non-invasive blood glucose measurement method or device with the identification function in the embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 5B, the non-invasive blood glucose measurement method or device with identification function performs only 5 times of PPG signal measurement, and 5 times of completed PPG signal measurement, and the output time is less than 30 seconds. The blood glucose level calculated by the non-invasive blood glucose measurement method or device with identification function is as shown by the point P55, and most of the points P55 fall between the curves C52 and C53, and are almost all on the curve C51, so It is known that only a plurality of PPG signal measurements can make the non-invasive blood glucose measurement method or device with the identification function of the embodiment of the present invention have an accuracy of up to 100%. In addition, in the case of multiple PPG signal measurement, the non-invasive blood glucose measurement method or device with the identification function of the embodiment of the present invention can achieve 100% in the case of identifying 31 users. Accuracy. According to the above description, the non-invasive blood glucose measuring device, method and system with the identity recognition function can accurately identify the user's identity and calculate the user's blood sugar level through the PPG signal. In addition, the non-invasive blood glucose measuring device, method and system with the identity recognition function can also achieve the situation of avoiding medical disputes and erroneous disposal, and can achieve the purpose of home care and medical care. [40] The contents of the above embodiments are at least one of the numerous embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can read the above-mentioned contents, and can understand the core concept of the invention, and The above embodiment is modified by the requirements. In other words, the above-described embodiments are not intended to limit the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the text of the following claims.

1‧‧‧ Non-invasive blood glucose measurement system with identification function

11a～11c, 2‧‧‧ Non-invasive blood glucose measuring device with identification function

12‧‧‧Server

21‧‧‧PPG signal acquisition and feature extraction device

22‧‧‧identification device

23‧‧‧ Blood glucose analyzer

24‧‧‧Communication device

C51～C53‧‧‧ Curve

P54, P55‧‧ points

S41～S46‧‧‧Steps

[13] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a non-invasive blood glucose measuring system with an identification function according to an embodiment of the present invention. [14] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a non-invasive blood glucose measuring device with an identification function according to an embodiment of the present invention. [15] FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of a PPG signal obtained by a non-invasive blood glucose measuring device with an identification function according to an embodiment of the present invention. [16] FIG. 4A is a flowchart of a non-invasive blood glucose measuring method with an identification function according to an embodiment of the present invention. [17] FIG. 4B is a flowchart of a non-invasive blood glucose measuring method with an identification function according to another embodiment of the present invention. [18] FIG. 5A is a graph showing the accuracy of a non-invasive blood glucose measurement method or apparatus with an identification function according to an embodiment of the present invention for performing only a single PPG signal measurement. [19] FIG. 5B is a graph showing the accuracy rate of the PPG signal measurement performed by the non-invasive blood glucose measuring method or device with the identification function according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (10)

A non-invasive blood glucose measuring device with an identification function is worn by a user, comprising: a PPG signal acquisition and feature extraction device for obtaining a PPG signal of the user, and performing the PPG signal Feature acquisition to obtain a plurality of feature values of the PPG signal; an identity recognition device connecting the PPG signal acquisition and feature extraction device, identifying the identity of the user according to the feature values of the PPG signal; The blood glucose analysis device is connected to the PPG signal acquisition and feature extraction device, and calculates a blood glucose value of the user according to the characteristic values of the PPG signal. The non-invasive blood glucose measuring device with the identification function described in claim 1 further includes: a communication device connecting the identification device and the blood glucose analyzing device for connecting a server to The identity of the user and the calculated blood glucose value are transmitted to the server for recording and management. A non-invasive blood glucose measuring device with an identification function as described in claim 1, wherein the characteristic values of the PPG signal are obtained from the PPG signal itself and a signal of its differentiation. The non-invasive blood glucose measuring device with the identification function described in claim 3, wherein the characteristic values of the PPG signal comprise a first starting point of the PPG signal itself and a signal of its differential, a first a value of a region and an amplitude between a peak point, a wave point, a second peak point, and a second starting point, and the first starting point of the signal of the PPG signal itself and its differential, the first The value of the peak point, the valley point, and the amplitude of the second peak point. The non-invasive blood glucose measuring device with the identification function described in claim 1, wherein the PPG signal acquisition and feature extraction device emits a light source to a blood vessel under the skin of the user, and The reflected source is received to obtain the PPG signal, wherein the source has a wavelength of 650 nm or 950 nm. The non-invasive blood glucose measuring device with the identification function described in claim 1, wherein the PPG signal acquisition and the feature extraction device calculate a plurality of moving averages and a plurality of mobile variations of the feature values. The identification device identifies the identity of the user based on the moving averages of the characteristic values of the PPG signals and the moving variances, and the blood glucose analyzing device is based on the features of the PPG signal The moving average of the values and the moving variances calculate the blood glucose level of the user. The non-invasive blood glucose measuring device with the identification function described in claim 1, wherein the PPG signal acquisition and feature extraction device acquires a plurality of PPG signals multiple times, and extracts the plurality of PPG signals. a feature value, the identity recognition device identifies the identity of the user according to the feature values of the PPG signals, and the blood glucose analysis device calculates the user's identity according to the feature values of the PPG signals The blood sugar level. A non-invasive blood glucose measuring system with identification function, comprising: at least one non-invasive blood glucose measuring device with identification function, which is an identity of one of claims 1 to 7 of the patent application scope A non-invasive blood glucose measuring device for identifying functions; and a server for connecting the non-invasive blood glucose measuring device with the identification function. A non-invasive blood glucose measuring method with an identification function, comprising: obtaining a PPG signal of a user; performing feature extraction on the PPG signal to obtain a plurality of characteristic values of the PPG signal; The feature values identify the identity of the user; and calculate a blood glucose value of the user based on the characteristic values of the PPG signal. The non-invasive blood glucose measuring method with the identification function described in claim 9 wherein the eigenvalues of the PPG signal comprise a first starting point of the PPG signal itself and a signal of its differential, a first a value of a region and an amplitude between a peak point, a wave point, a second peak point, and a second starting point, and the first starting point of the signal of the PPG signal itself and its differential, the first The value of the peak point, the valley point, and the amplitude of the second peak point.