TW201830349A - Scheduling method for generating traffic signals by using traveling time and device thereof using the traveling time to determine the green light time for relieving traffic congestion - Google Patents
Scheduling method for generating traffic signals by using traveling time and device thereof using the traveling time to determine the green light time for relieving traffic congestion Download PDFInfo
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本發明係為有關一種規劃交通號誌週期之技術,特別是指一種能有效應用車輛行徑路徑的旅行時間之利用旅行時間產生交通號誌的時制方法及其裝置。The present invention relates to a technique for planning a traffic sign cycle, and more particularly to a time-making method and apparatus for generating a traffic sign using travel time that can effectively apply a travel time of a vehicle path.
現今社會都市化發展快速,然而各種都市建設與園區建立的發展漸增,帶動了整體社會的繁榮,同時相對的也帶動了車潮的進入,以致都市的整體交通網路更加繁忙複雜。因此如何有效偵測出車流量,並根據車流量來決定交通號制邏輯,以疏解路口車潮匯集的交通問題,也逐漸成為相當重要的一個課題。Nowadays, the urbanization of society is developing rapidly. However, the development of various urban constructions and parks has gradually increased, which has promoted the prosperity of the whole society. At the same time, it has also led to the entry of the car tide, which has made the overall transportation network of the city more busy and complicated. Therefore, how to effectively detect the traffic flow, and determine the traffic number system logic according to the traffic flow, to ease the traffic problem of the intersection of the intersection, has gradually become a very important topic.
以國道高速公路上的交通流量來說,目前高速公路上使用多個電子道路收費系統(Electronic Toll Collection,ETC),目前在高速公路全線就有至少300個以上的偵測門架,當每台車輛經過偵測門架時,電子道路收費系統便會抓取車輛上所安裝的電子標籤的身分標籤(ID),同時亦可配合車輛辨識系統(AVI)輔以捕捉車輛的影像,以透過影像辨識來辨識車牌號碼,因此車輛在高速公路上的完整行車歷程都會被記錄下來。In terms of traffic flow on the national highway, there are currently more than 100 electronic toll collection systems (ETCs) on the expressway. At present, there are at least 300 detection gantry on the entire highway, when each When the vehicle passes the detection gantry, the electronic road toll system will capture the identity tag (ID) of the electronic tag installed on the vehicle. It can also cooperate with the vehicle identification system (AVI) to capture the image of the vehicle to transmit the image. Identification to identify the license plate number, so the complete journey of the vehicle on the highway will be recorded.
由於高速公路上的完整行車歷程都會被記錄下來,因此電子道路收費系統除了可作為偵測車輛進行收費之外,更可拿來應用於交通管理上,例如當一車輛經過地點A的偵測門架時,此時的偵測系統會偵測到車輛經過的時間點A後,車輛持續行走到地點B,在經過地點B的偵測門架,地點B的偵測門架同樣的會偵測到經過地點B的時間點B,接著只要將時間點B減去時間點A,即可得到車輛從地點A行徑到地點B的旅行時間。Since the complete journey history on the expressway will be recorded, the electronic road toll collection system can be used for traffic management in addition to being used as a vehicle for detection. For example, when a vehicle passes through the detection gate of location A. When the detection system detects the time point A after the vehicle passes, the vehicle continues to walk to the location B. After detecting the gantry at the location B, the detection gantry of the location B is also detected. By the time point B passing through the point B, then the travel time of the vehicle from the point A to the point B can be obtained by subtracting the time point A from the time point B.
但若需要更有效的將車輛資訊拿來做即時號誌控制時,傳統方法皆利用增設車流偵測器來取得流量、車輛速度、佔有率等交通參數,以進行最佳的紅綠燈秒數計算,同時搭配擷取旅行時間,來做即時的號誌控制的績效觀察,判斷交通號誌經過修正後是否能使旅行時間變短等。因此在一般情形下的即時號誌控制,都需要佈設傳統之車流偵測器及監看績效的旅行時間偵測器,以致於耗費成本相當高。However, if more effective vehicle information is needed for real-time control, the traditional method uses the vehicle traffic detector to obtain traffic parameters such as traffic, vehicle speed, and occupancy rate for optimal traffic light seconds calculation. At the same time, with the travel time, to do the real-time performance monitoring of the number control, to determine whether the traffic number can be shortened after the correction. Therefore, in the normal situation, the instant alarm control requires a traditional vehicle flow detector and a travel time detector for monitoring performance, so that the cost is relatively high.
有鑑於此,本發明遂針對上述習知技術之缺失,提出一種能根據旅行時間判斷出有效的資訊,以提供做為交通號誌時制週期調整的參考參數之交通號誌的時制產生方法及其裝置,不須額外佈設車流偵測器,取得流量、速度、佔有率等交通參數,以有效克服上述之該等問題。In view of the above, the present invention proposes a method for generating a traffic sign which can be used as a reference parameter for the traffic sign timing adjustment according to the absence of the above-mentioned prior art and a method for determining the effective information based on the travel time and the reference parameter thereof. The device does not need to provide a traffic detector to obtain traffic parameters such as flow rate, speed and occupancy, so as to effectively overcome the above problems.
本發明之主要目的係提供一種交通號誌的時制產生方法及其裝置,其係根據車輛行徑路徑的旅行時間判斷出車道的紓解所需綠燈時間,並能利用紓解所需綠燈時間進行交通號誌的時制週期及紅綠燈時間的運算,能有利於車流量的紓解。The main object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for generating a traffic sign, which is to determine the green time required for the lane to be resolved according to the travel time of the vehicle path, and to utilize the green time required for traffic. The calculation of the time cycle and the traffic light time of the logo can help the traffic flow to be resolved.
本發明之另一目的係提供一種交通號誌的時制產生方法及其裝置,其能即時判各個路徑的車流量狀態,能即時配合車流量狀態來調整交通號誌的時制,有利於車流量的紓解。Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for generating a traffic sign, which can instantly determine the traffic flow state of each route, and can instantly adjust the traffic time of the traffic signal to match the traffic flow state, which is beneficial to the traffic flow. Relieve.
為達上述之目的,本發明係提供一種交通號誌的時制產生方法,其提供至少一前車輛偵測器裝設於至少一路徑的前端,路端的後端則裝設至少一後車輛偵測器,來感測路徑中的至少一車輛,且後端設有一紅綠燈號誌,其中交通號誌的時制產生方法包括下列步驟,前車輛偵測器紀錄感測到車輛的進入時間點,後車輛偵測器紀錄感測到車輛的出去時間點;接著將出去時間點減去進入時間點,產生車輛的一旅行時間,並擷取後端的紅綠燈號誌在進入時間點與出去時間點之間的紅燈停等次數紅燈總時間、紅燈時間、綠燈時間、連續前進時間以及末端綠燈續進時間;最後將紅燈總時間、紅燈時間、綠燈時間、連續前進時間以及末端綠燈續進時間帶入一紓解所需綠燈方程式,產生一紓解所需綠燈時間。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for generating a traffic sign, which provides at least one front vehicle detector installed at a front end of at least one path, and a rear end of the road end is provided with at least one rear vehicle detection. The vehicle is configured to sense at least one vehicle in the path, and the back end is provided with a traffic light number, wherein the method for generating the traffic signal includes the following steps: the front vehicle detector records the arrival time of the vehicle, and the vehicle The detector record senses the time point of the vehicle exiting; then subtracts the exit time point from the entry time point, generates a travel time of the vehicle, and retrieves the traffic light of the back end between the entry time point and the exit time point. Red light stop waiting time red light total time, red light time, green light time, continuous forward time and end green light renewal time; finally red light total time, red light time, green light time, continuous forward time and end green light renewal time Bring in a solution to the desired green light equation, resulting in a solution to the desired green time.
另外,本發明亦提供一種交通號誌的時制產生裝置,包括至少一前車輛偵測器設置於至少一路徑的前端,以感測至少一車輛的一進入時間點,至少一後車輛偵測器設置於路徑的後端,以感測車輛的一出去時間點,且後端設有一紅綠燈號誌,前車輛偵測裝置與後車輛偵測裝置並信號連接一處理器,處理器可接收出去時間與進入時間,以將出去時間減去進入時間產生車輛的一旅行時間,同時擷取紅綠燈號誌在進入時間點與出去時間點之間的紅燈總時間、紅燈時間、綠燈時間、連續前進時間以及末端綠燈續進時間至處理器中,使處理器將旅行時間、紅燈總時間、紅燈時間、綠燈時間、連續前進時間以及末端綠燈續進時間帶入一紓解所需綠燈方程式中,產生一紓解所需綠燈時間。In addition, the present invention also provides a time generating device for a traffic sign, comprising at least one front vehicle detector disposed at a front end of at least one path to sense an entry time point of at least one vehicle, at least one rear vehicle detector The processor is configured to receive the time of exit, and is disposed at a rear end of the path to sense a time of exit of the vehicle, and a red light signal is arranged at the rear end, and the front vehicle detecting device and the rear vehicle detecting device are connected to a processor, and the processor can receive the time. And the entry time, in order to subtract the departure time from the departure time to generate a travel time of the vehicle, and at the same time draw the total red light time, red light time, green time, continuous advance between the entry time point and the exit time point. Time and end green light continuation time into the processor, allowing the processor to bring travel time, total red time, red time, green time, continuous forward time, and end green light continuation time into a desired green light equation , generating a green light time for the solution.
其中前述之紓解所需綠燈方程式(1)如下所示: 其中係為只取商數的高斯符號;係為紅燈總時間;係為旅行時間;係為連續前進時間;其中係為紓解所需綠燈時間;係為紅燈時間;係為綠燈時間;係為末端綠燈續進時間。The green light equation (1) required for the aforementioned mitigation is as follows: among them Is a Gaussian symbol that only takes the quotient; The total time of the red light; Is the travel time; Is a continuous advance time; Is to understand the required green time; Is a red light time; Is the green time; It is the end green light continuation time.
底下藉由具體實施例詳加說明,當更容易瞭解本發明之目的、技術內容、特點及其所達成之功效。The purpose, technical content, features and effects achieved by the present invention will be more readily understood by the detailed description of the embodiments.
請參照第一圖與第二圖,首先說明本發明之系統架構,包括在一路徑,路徑是由一個以上的路段組成,且路徑可為直線或彎曲的路段等,路徑的前端設有前車輛偵測器10,其係為紅外線偵測器、影像偵測器或微波偵測器等以感測一車輛50的一進入時間點;路徑後端的則設有一後車輛偵測器12,其亦為紅外線偵測器、影像偵測器或微波偵測器等,以感測車輛50的一出去時間點。本實施例舉例以路徑A作為舉例說明,路徑A為兩個紅綠燈號誌30、32之間的路段,其中前車輛偵測器10係設置在路徑A前端的紅綠燈號誌30上,後車輛偵測器12則設置在路徑A後端的紅綠燈號誌32上,當然亦可另外使用架體將前車輛偵測器10架設於路徑A的前端,或另外使用架體將後車輛偵測器12架設於路徑A的後端。本實施例舉例前車輛偵測器10與後車輛偵測器12為微波偵測器,可感測車輛50上夾帶有具有身分辨識碼的電子標籤52,使前車輛偵測器10與後車輛感測器12在感測車輛50時,可辨識目前所偵測到的車輛50。當然前車輛偵測器10與後車輛偵測器12亦可為影像偵測器,其可擷取車輛50的車牌影像,來作為辨識車輛的依據。Referring to the first figure and the second figure, the system architecture of the present invention is first described, including a path, the path is composed of more than one road segment, and the path may be a straight or curved road segment, etc., and the front end of the path is provided with a front vehicle. The detector 10 is an infrared detector, a video detector or a microwave detector to sense an entry time point of a vehicle 50; and a rear vehicle detector 12 is disposed at the rear end of the path. It is an infrared detector, an image detector or a microwave detector, etc., to sense an exit time point of the vehicle 50. In the embodiment, the path A is taken as an example. The path A is a section between two traffic lights 30 and 32. The front vehicle detector 10 is disposed on the traffic light 30 at the front end of the path A, and the vehicle is detected. The detector 12 is disposed on the traffic light 32 at the rear end of the path A. Of course, the front vehicle detector 10 can be additionally mounted on the front end of the path A by using the frame body, or the rear vehicle detector 12 can be erected by using the frame body. On the back end of path A. In this embodiment, the front vehicle detector 10 and the rear vehicle detector 12 are microwave detectors, and the vehicle 50 is sensed with an electronic tag 52 having an identification code for the front vehicle detector 10 and the rear vehicle. When the sensor 12 senses the vehicle 50, the currently detected vehicle 50 can be identified. Of course, the front vehicle detector 10 and the rear vehicle detector 12 can also be image detectors that can capture the license plate image of the vehicle 50 as a basis for identifying the vehicle.
接下來請持續參照第一圖與第二圖,以詳細說明本發明之系統架構,一計算機20裝設在馬路上的交通號誌控制箱40中,計算機20中包括一處理器22、一資料庫24以及一輸入介面26,其中處理器22信號連接複數紅綠燈號誌30,以調整紅綠燈號誌30時制週期,處理器22更利用電線有線連接前車輛偵測器10與後車輛偵測器12,或者處理器22可發出無線訊號信號連接前車輛偵測器10與後車輛偵測器12,本實施例舉例處理器22係發出無線訊號來信號連接前車輛偵測器10與後車輛偵測器12。當前車輛偵測器10感測到車輛50上的電子標籤52後,產生一進入時間,前車輛偵測器10並透過無線訊號將電子標籤52上的身分辨識碼以及進入時間傳遞給處理器22,使處理器22能透過身分辨識碼來辨識車輛50的進入時間;當車輛50經過後車輛偵測器12時,後車輛偵測器12則擷取到車輛50上電子標籤52的身分辨識碼,並產生一出去時間,再透過無線傳輸將身分辨識碼與出去時間傳遞至計算機20的處理器22中,使處理器22能透過身分辨識碼來辨識車輛50的出去時間,處理器22就能將相同車輛50的出去時間減去進入時間,來產生旅行時間,以帶入一紓解所需綠燈方程式(1)中,藉此計算出路徑A的紓解所需綠燈時間。資料庫24儲存有路徑A的路徑長度、路徑A中車輛50的連續前進時間、路段A的平均車速,以及後端的紅綠燈號誌32的每一紅燈時間點與綠燈時間點、紅燈時間與綠燈時間,以提供給處理器22進行紓解所需綠燈方程式運算時,所需要的參數資料,其中紓解所需綠燈方程式(1)如下所示: (1) 其中係為只取商數的高斯符號;係為紅燈總時間;係為旅行時間;係為連續前進時間;其中係為紓解所需綠燈時間;係為紅燈時間;係為綠燈時間;係為末端綠燈續進時間。處理器22進行運算時所需的參數除了透過資料庫24擷取之外,更可利用輸入介面26輸入處理器22的所需計算參數,以利處理器22利用紓解所需綠燈方程式或進行其他交通號誌時制的計算。Next, please refer to the first figure and the second figure to describe in detail the system architecture of the present invention. A computer 20 is installed in the traffic control box 40 on the road. The computer 20 includes a processor 22 and a data. The library 24 and an input interface 26, wherein the processor 22 signals a plurality of traffic lights 30 to adjust the traffic light 30-cycle period, and the processor 22 further connects the front vehicle detector 10 and the rear vehicle detector 12 by wires. The processor 22 can send a wireless signal signal to connect the front vehicle detector 10 and the rear vehicle detector 12. In this embodiment, the processor 22 sends a wireless signal to signal the front vehicle detector 10 and the rear vehicle detection. 12 After the current vehicle detector 10 senses the electronic tag 52 on the vehicle 50, an entry time is generated. The front vehicle detector 10 transmits the identity code and the entry time on the electronic tag 52 to the processor 22 via the wireless signal. The processor 22 can identify the entry time of the vehicle 50 through the identity identification code; when the vehicle 50 passes the rear vehicle detector 12, the rear vehicle detector 12 captures the identity identification code of the electronic tag 52 on the vehicle 50. And generating an outgoing time, and transmitting the identity identification code and the outgoing time to the processor 22 of the computer 20 through wireless transmission, so that the processor 22 can recognize the outgoing time of the vehicle 50 through the identity identification code, and the processor 22 can The departure time of the same vehicle 50 is subtracted from the entry time to generate a travel time to bring in a desired green light equation (1), thereby calculating the green time required for the resolution of the path A. The database 24 stores the path length of the path A, the continuous forward time of the vehicle 50 in the path A, the average vehicle speed of the link A, and each red light time point and the green time point and the red light time of the traffic light 32 of the rear end. The green time is provided to the processor 22 to perform the required green light equation calculation, and the required parameter data, wherein the required green light equation (1) is as follows: (1) where Is a Gaussian symbol that only takes the quotient; The total time of the red light; Is the travel time; Is a continuous advance time; Is to understand the required green time; Is a red light time; Is the green time; It is the end green light continuation time. In addition to the parameters required for the processor 22 to perform operations, the input parameters of the processor 22 can be input through the input interface 26 to facilitate the processor 22 to utilize the desired green light equation or Calculation of other traffic signals.
在上述說明完本發明之裝置後,接下來詳細說明本發明在計算交通紓解最佳週期之方法流程,以詳細說明如何計算出紓解所需綠燈時間。請參照第一圖至第三圖,以說明本發明之方法流程圖,以路徑A作為本實施例說明,前車輛偵測器10與後車輛偵測器12能感測至少一台車輛50,本實施例舉例前車輛偵測器10與後車輛偵測器12能分別感測複數台車輛50,並藉由車輛50電子標籤52上的身分標籤來辨識感測到的車輛50。首先進入步驟S10,透過前車輛偵測器10紀錄感測到複數車輛50的進入時間點,後車輛偵測器12感測複數車輛50的出去時間點。接著進入步驟S12,處理器22藉由車輛50上的身分標籤來辨識車輛50,並接收每一台車輛50的進入時間點以及出去時間點,分別將每一台車輛50的出去時間點減去進入時間點,產生每一台車輛50的旅行時間,同時將資料庫24中紅綠燈號誌32的每一紅燈時間點與綠燈時間點、紅燈時間以及綠燈時間的資料提供給處理器22,處理器22即可取得紅燈時間,以及根據資料庫24中的每一紅燈時間點,取得每一台車輛50的進入時間點與出去時間點之間每一台車輛50的紅燈總時間,同時處理器22更可由資料庫24中取得進入時間點到出去時間點之間每一台車輛50的最後一個綠燈時間點,並將出去時間點減去最後一個綠燈時間點,以取得每一台車輛50末端綠燈續進時間。最後進入步驟S14,處理器22分別將每一台車輛50的旅行時間、紅燈總時間、紅燈時間、綠燈時間、連續前進時間以及末端綠燈續進時間帶入紓解所需綠燈方程式,產生每一車輛50的紓解所需綠燈時間,並擷取最大值的紓解所需綠燈時間,其中紓解所需綠燈方程式(1)如下所示: (1)=max{ga1 ,ga2 ,ga3 ,…,gan } 其中係為只取商數的高斯符號;係為紅燈總時間;係為旅行時間;係為連續前進時間;其中係為紓解所需綠燈時間;係為紅燈時間,其為一個紅燈的時間長度;係為綠燈時間,其為一個綠燈的時間長度;係為末端綠燈續進時間;由於可計算出n部車輛的紓解所需綠燈時間,因此需擷取複數台車輛紓解所需綠燈時間中的最大值,係為一紅綠燈週期內所有通過後車輛偵測器之n部車輛的紓解所需綠燈時間中,最大值的紓解所需綠燈時間。處理器22產生出複數台車輛50的紓解所需綠燈時間後,擷取複數台車輛紓解所需綠燈時間中的最大值=max{ga1 ,ga2 ,ga3 ,…,gan },以將紓解所需綠燈時間進行應用,加以運算推演產生紅綠燈號誌30的時制週期及綠燈時間。After the apparatus of the present invention has been described above, the flow of the method for calculating the optimal cycle of traffic mitigation according to the present invention will be described in detail to explain in detail how to calculate the green time required for mitigation. Please refer to the first to third figures for explaining the flowchart of the method of the present invention. The path A is used as the embodiment, and the front vehicle detector 10 and the rear vehicle detector 12 can sense at least one vehicle 50. In this embodiment, the front vehicle detector 10 and the rear vehicle detector 12 can respectively sense a plurality of vehicles 50 and identify the sensed vehicle 50 by the identity tag on the electronic tag 52 of the vehicle 50. First, the process proceeds to step S10, where the entry time point of the plurality of vehicles 50 is sensed by the front vehicle detector 10, and the rear vehicle detector 12 senses the time of exit of the plurality of vehicles 50. Next, proceeding to step S12, the processor 22 identifies the vehicle 50 by the identity tag on the vehicle 50, and receives the entry time point and the exit time point of each of the vehicles 50, respectively subtracting the exit time points of each of the vehicles 50. Entering the time point, the travel time of each vehicle 50 is generated, and the data of each red light time point and the green time time, the red light time and the green time of the traffic light 32 in the database 24 is provided to the processor 22, The processor 22 can obtain the red light time, and obtain the total red light time of each vehicle 50 between the entry time point and the exit time point of each vehicle 50 according to each red light time point in the database 24. At the same time, the processor 22 can obtain the last green time point of each vehicle 50 between the entry time point and the exit time point by the database 24, and subtract the last green time point from the exit time point to obtain each The green light at the end of the vehicle 50 is continued. Finally, proceeding to step S14, the processor 22 respectively brings the travel time, the total red light time, the red light time, the green light time, the continuous forward time, and the end green light continuation time of each vehicle 50 into the green light equation required for sputum generation, and generates The green light time required for each vehicle 50 is resolved, and the required green light time is extracted for the maximum value. The required green light equation (1) is as follows: (1) =max{g a1 ,g a2 ,g a3 ,...,g an } where Is a Gaussian symbol that only takes the quotient; The total time of the red light; Is the travel time; Is a continuous advance time; Is to understand the required green time; Is the red light time, which is the length of time of a red light; Is the green light time, which is the length of time of a green light; It is the end green light continuation time; since the green time required for the mitigation of n vehicles can be calculated, it is necessary to capture the maximum value of the required green time for multiple vehicles. The green light time required for the resolution of the maximum value of the n-vehicles of all the vehicles passing through the rear vehicle detector during a traffic light cycle. After the processor 22 generates the green time required for the resolution of the plurality of vehicles 50, the maximum number of green time required to retrieve the plurality of vehicles is obtained. =max{g a1 , g a2 , g a3 ,...,g an }, to apply the green light time required for the solution, and to calculate and generate the time cycle and the green time of the traffic light 30.
上述紓解所需綠燈方程式中的計算參數詳細來說,請配合參照第一圖至第四圖,其中第一時間軸代表前車輛偵測器10的時間軸,第二時間軸代表後車輛偵測器12的時間軸,當車輛50被前車輛偵測器10感測到時,產生進入時間,同時車輛50前進產生距離,直到遇到紅燈後停止,因此斜線的部分代表車子在前進,斜線對應的時間就是綠燈時間g,橫線則係為車輛50遇到紅燈停止的狀態,因此所對應的時間即是紅燈時間r。其中前端綠燈續進時間係為車輛50在進入路徑A被前車輛偵測器10感測到後,遇到第一次紅燈時間點與進入時間的時間點之間的時段,由於車輛50可能是在綠燈時間進行一半時進入到路徑A,因此不能以完整的綠燈時間作為計算,故本實施例則將此時段稱為前端綠燈續進時間;同理,末端綠燈續進時間則係在最後一個綠燈時間點至出去時間的時間點之時段,因車輛50可能在最後一個綠燈時間結束之內就離開路徑A,因此不能以完整的綠燈時間作為計算,故本實施例將此時段稱為末端綠燈續進時間。其中紅燈總時間為車輛50進入時間點與出去時間點之間所有紅燈時間的總合時間,即係第四圖中係為紅燈時間的總和。連續前進時間即係為車輛50在路經A中持續前進,沒有停頓狀態下的前進時間,也就是前端綠燈續進時間、末端綠燈續進時間與所有綠燈時間的總和。For the detailed calculation of the required parameters in the green light equation, please refer to the first to fourth figures, wherein the first time axis represents the time axis of the front vehicle detector 10, and the second time axis represents the rear vehicle detection. The time axis of the detector 12, when the vehicle 50 is sensed by the front vehicle detector 10, generates an entry time while the vehicle 50 advances to produce a distance until it encounters a red light and then stops, so that the portion of the diagonal line represents the vehicle is moving forward. The time corresponding to the oblique line is the green light time g, and the horizontal line is the state in which the vehicle 50 encounters the red light stop, so the corresponding time is the red light time r. The front end green light continuation time After the vehicle 50 is sensed by the front vehicle detector 10 after the entry path A is sensed, the time between the first red light time point and the entry time is encountered, since the vehicle 50 may be halfway in the green time. When entering the path A, the full green time cannot be used as the calculation. Therefore, this time period is called the front end green light renewal time. Same as the end green light continuation time Then, during the time from the last green time to the exit time, since the vehicle 50 may leave the path A within the end of the last green time, the complete green time cannot be used as the calculation, so this embodiment will The time period is called the end green light continuation time . The total red light time is the total time of all red light time between the entry time point and the exit time point of the vehicle 50, that is, the red light time in the fourth figure. Sum. Continuous advance time That is, the vehicle 50 continues to advance in the passage A, and the advance time in the no-stop state, that is, the front-end green light renewal time. End green light continuation time With all the green time Sum.
接下來進行說明產生紓解所需綠燈時間後的應用,在透過步驟S10至S14計算出紓解所需綠燈時間後,處理器22能藉由紓解所需綠燈時間來判斷目前紅綠燈號誌32的綠燈時間是否適合現在的車流量,以進行調整紅綠燈號誌32的綠燈時間之步驟。處理器22中會設置一第一門檻值,以及大於第一門檻值的一第二門檻值,其中第一門檻值可設為目前綠燈時間的2倍,第二門檻值則可設為目前綠燈值的3倍,提供處理器22判斷紓解所需綠燈時間是否超過第一門檻值或第二門檻值,並對應超過的門檻值來進行綠燈時間的調整。詳細判斷流程如下,請配合參照第一圖至三以及第五圖,首先進入步驟S20,處理器22擷取複數車輛50中最大值的紓解所需綠燈週期時間,來做為基準進行比對。接著進入步驟S22並配合參照第六圖,處理器22判斷最大值的紓解所需綠燈週期時間是否超過第一門檻值或第二門檻值,若否,則進入步驟S24,處理器22不會產生任何動作;若是,則進入步驟S26,處理器22調整紅綠燈號誌32的綠燈時間,以根據超出的門檻值來增加預設值,當步驟S22的綠燈時間超過第一門檻值時,步驟S26時則增加第一預設值,本實施例舉例第一預設值為20秒鐘,藉由增加綠燈時間,使紅綠燈號誌30亮起一次綠燈時,可疏解更多的車輛50。但當在步驟S22處理器22綠燈時間係超過第二門檻值時,步驟S26則調整紅綠燈號誌32的綠燈時間,將綠燈時間增加第二預設值,因第二門檻值大於第一門檻值,表示大於第二門檻值時紓解所需綠燈時間數值又更大了,車流量更多了,因此第二預設值設為40秒,能增加綠燈時間,以增加一次綠燈時可紓解的車輛50流量。Next, the application after the green time required to generate the mitigation is explained. After the green light time required for the mitigation is calculated through steps S10 to S14, the processor 22 can determine the current traffic light number 32 by mitigating the required green time. Whether the green time is suitable for the current traffic flow is to adjust the green time of the traffic light 32. A first threshold value is set in the processor 22, and a second threshold value greater than the first threshold value, wherein the first threshold value can be set to twice the current green time, and the second threshold value can be set to the current green light. Three times the value, the processor 22 is provided to determine whether the required green time of the solution exceeds the first threshold or the second threshold, and the green time is adjusted corresponding to the threshold value exceeded. The detailed judgment process is as follows. Referring to the first to third and fifth figures, the process first proceeds to step S20, and the processor 22 captures the green light cycle time required for the maximum value of the plurality of vehicles 50 to be used as a reference for comparison. . Next, proceeding to step S22 and referring to the sixth figure, the processor 22 determines whether the green light cycle time required for the resolution of the maximum value exceeds the first threshold value or the second threshold value. If not, the process proceeds to step S24, and the processor 22 does not. Any action is generated; if yes, proceeding to step S26, the processor 22 adjusts the green time of the traffic light number 32 to increase the preset value according to the exceeded threshold value. When the green time of step S22 exceeds the first threshold value, step S26 The first preset value is added in the embodiment. In this embodiment, the first preset value is 20 seconds. By increasing the green time, when the traffic light 30 lights up a green light, more vehicles 50 can be dissipated. However, when the green light time of the processor 22 exceeds the second threshold value in step S22, step S26 adjusts the green time of the traffic light number 32, and increases the green light time by a second preset value, because the second threshold value is greater than the first threshold value. If the value is greater than the second threshold, the green light time required for the solution is larger, and the traffic volume is more. Therefore, the second preset value is set to 40 seconds, which can increase the green time to increase the green light. The vehicle has 50 traffic.
產生紓解所需綠燈時間後,處理器22更可用來計算路徑A中等紅燈的車隊長度,處理器22擷取資料庫24中儲存的路徑A的長度、路徑A的平均車速、連續前進時間、紅燈總時間、紅燈時間、綠燈時間以及末端綠燈續進時間,以帶入一停等車隊長方程式中,以產生車隊長度,停等車隊長方程式(2)如下所示: =dV(2) 其中係為只取商數的高斯符號;係為前端綠燈續進時間;係為連續前進時間;係為紅燈總時間;係為紅燈時間;係為綠燈時間;係為末端綠燈續進時間;d係為路徑的長度;V係為車速,車速可視為路徑A中的限速最大值。前端綠燈續進時間與末端綠燈續進時間已在上述進行說明,故不重複敘述。利用上述方法即可計算出路徑A中一個紅燈時間裡停等的車隊長度。After generating the required green time for the mitigation, the processor 22 can be further used to calculate the length of the red light in the path A, and the processor 22 captures the length of the path A stored in the database 24, the average speed of the path A, and the continuous forward time. , total red light time, red light time, green light time and end green light continuation time, to bring into the stop and other captain equations to generate the team length, stop waiting for the captain equation (2) as follows: =d V (2) where Is a Gaussian symbol that only takes the quotient; Is the green light continuation time of the front end; Is the continuous advance time; The total time of the red light; Is a red light time; Is the green time; The end is the green light continuation time; d is the length of the path; V is the vehicle speed, and the vehicle speed can be regarded as the maximum speed limit in path A. The green light continuation time at the front end and the green light continuation time at the end are described above, so the description will not be repeated. Using the above method, the length of the fleet that stops in a red light time in path A can be calculated.
接下來請參照第七圖與第八圖,以說明本發明的另一實施例,本發明除了能在兩個紅綠燈號誌之間設置前車輛偵測器10與後車輛偵測器12之外,更可分別在複數個紅綠燈號誌之間設置前車輛偵測器10與後車輛偵測器12。如第六圖所示,其具有路徑A、路徑B以及路徑C,其中路徑A與第一實施例中的路徑A相同,故不重複敘述;路徑B是由多路段所組成,路徑B的前車輛偵測器10’係設置在前端的紅綠燈號誌34上,後車輛偵測器12’則係設置在路徑B後端的紅綠燈號誌36上,車輛行駛在路徑B時,車輛50’會經過多個紅綠燈號誌31,但此時就必須使用續進連鎖效應,調整車輛50’所經過的紅綠燈號誌31皆為綠燈,來確保車輛50’行徑在路徑B時皆會遇到綠燈,直到遇到後端紅綠燈號誌36才能遇到紅燈;路徑C的前車輛偵測器10”係設置在前端的紅綠燈號誌38上,後車輛偵測器12”則係設置在路徑C後端的紅綠燈號誌39上。當然亦可另外使用架體將前車輛偵測器架10、10’、10”設於路徑A、路徑B以及路徑C的前端,或另外使用架體前將後車輛偵測器12、12’、12”架設於路徑A、路徑B以及路徑C的後端。車輛上會夾帶有具有身分辨識碼的電子標籤52,使前車輛偵測器10、10’、10”與後車輛感測器12、12’、12”在感測車輛時,可辨識目前所偵測到的車輛。Next, please refer to the seventh and eighth figures for explaining another embodiment of the present invention. In addition to the front vehicle detector 10 and the rear vehicle detector 12 being disposed between two traffic lights. Further, the front vehicle detector 10 and the rear vehicle detector 12 may be disposed between the plurality of traffic lights. As shown in the sixth figure, it has a path A, a path B, and a path C, wherein the path A is the same as the path A in the first embodiment, so the description is not repeated; the path B is composed of multiple segments, and the front of the path B The vehicle detector 10' is disposed on the traffic light indicator 34 at the front end, and the rear vehicle detector 12' is disposed on the traffic light number 36 at the rear end of the path B. When the vehicle travels on the path B, the vehicle 50' passes by. There are a number of traffic lights 31, but at this time it is necessary to use the continuation chain effect, and the traffic lights 31 passing through the vehicle 50' are all green, to ensure that the vehicle 50's path will encounter a green light when it is on the path B until When the rear end traffic light number 36 is encountered, the red light is encountered; the front vehicle detector 10 of the path C is set at the front end traffic light 38, and the rear vehicle detector 12" is set at the rear end of the path C. The traffic light is on the 39th. Of course, the front vehicle detector frame 10, 10', 10" can be additionally used on the front end of the path A, the path B and the path C, or the front and rear vehicle detectors 12, 12' can be additionally used. 12" is placed at the rear end of path A, path B, and path C. An electronic tag 52 having an identification code is entrained on the vehicle, so that the front vehicle detectors 10, 10', 10" and the rear vehicle sensors 12, 12', 12" can recognize the current location when sensing the vehicle. Detected vehicle.
本發明之第二實施例的系統架構與第一實施例相同,皆包括一計算機20裝設在馬路上的交通號誌控制箱40中,計算機20中包括一處理器22、一資料庫24以及一輸入介面26,處理器22可以有線或無線的方式信號連接複數紅綠燈號誌30,以調整紅綠燈號誌30時制週期、紅綠燈時間,處理器22可利用電線以有線的方式信號連接前車輛偵測器10、10’、10”與後車輛偵測器12、12’、12”,或者處理器22亦可發出無線訊號來信號連接前車輛偵測器10、10’、10”與後車輛偵測器12、12’、12”,本實施例舉例處理器22發出無線訊號來信號連接前車輛偵測器10、10’、10”與後車輛偵測器12、12’、12”;當前車輛偵測器10、10’、10”分別感測到經過車輛50、50’、50”的電子標籤52後,前車輛偵測器10、10’、10”會分別產生車輛50、50’、50”的進入時間,同時前車輛偵測器10、10’、10”會透過無線訊號,分別將偵測到的車輛50、50’、50”的身分辨識碼以及進入時間傳遞給處理器22;接著當車輛50、50’、50”分別經過後車輛偵測器12、12’、12”時,後車輛偵測器12、12’、12”會分別感測車輛50、50’、50”上電子標籤52的身分標籤碼以及產生出去時間,後車輛偵測器12、12’、12”再分別透過無線傳輸將所有偵測到的資訊傳遞至計算機20的處理器22中,提供處理器22進行利用紓解所需綠燈方程式計算出每一路徑A、路徑B與路徑C的紓解所需綠燈時間。資料庫24則儲存有路徑A、路徑B以及路徑C的路徑的長度,在路徑A、路徑B以及路徑C中的連續前進時間,路徑A、路徑B以及路徑C的平均車速,以及設置在路徑A、路徑B以及路徑C後端紅綠燈號誌32、36、39的每一紅燈時間點與綠燈時間點、紅燈時間以及綠燈時間,以提供給處理器22進行紓解所需綠燈方程式、車隊長度以及每一路徑的紓解所需綠燈時間運算所需要的參數資料。處理器22進行運算時所需的參數除了透過資料庫24擷取之外,更可利用輸入介面26輸入處理器22的所需計算參數,以利處理器22利用紓解所需綠燈方程式來進行計算。The system architecture of the second embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the first embodiment, and includes a computer 20 installed in the traffic control box 40 on the road. The computer 20 includes a processor 22, a database 24, and An input interface 26, the processor 22 can be connected to the plurality of traffic lights 30 in a wired or wireless manner to adjust the traffic light cycle time and traffic time of the traffic light. The processor 22 can use the wires to connect the vehicle detection in a wired manner. The 10, 10', 10" and rear vehicle detectors 12, 12', 12", or the processor 22 may also send wireless signals to signal the front vehicle detectors 10, 10', 10" and rear vehicle detection The detectors 12, 12', 12", in this embodiment, the processor 22 sends a wireless signal to signal the front vehicle detectors 10, 10', 10" and the rear vehicle detectors 12, 12', 12"; After the vehicle detectors 10, 10', 10" respectively sense the electronic tags 52 passing the vehicles 50, 50', 50", the front vehicle detectors 10, 10', 10" respectively generate the vehicles 50, 50' , 50" entry time, while the front vehicle detector 10, 10' 10" will transmit the identification code of the detected vehicle 50, 50', 50" and the entry time to the processor 22 through the wireless signal; then, after the vehicles 50, 50', 50" respectively pass the vehicle detection When the vehicles 12, 12', 12" are used, the rear vehicle detectors 12, 12', 12" respectively sense the identity tag codes of the electronic tags 52 on the vehicles 50, 50', 50" and generate the exit time, after which the vehicle is detected. The detectors 12, 12', 12" respectively transmit all the detected information to the processor 22 of the computer 20 through wireless transmission, and provide the processor 22 to calculate each path A by using the green light equation required for the resolution. The green light time required for the resolution of path B and path C. The data bank 24 stores the lengths of the paths of path A, path B, and path C, and the continuous advance time in path A, path B, and path C, path A, The average vehicle speed of path B and path C, and each red light time point and green time time, red light time, and green time set at path A, path B, and path C rear end traffic lights 32, 36, 39, Provided to the processor 22 for greening The equation, the length of the fleet, and the parameter data required for the green time calculation required for the resolution of each path. The parameters required for the processor 22 to perform the calculation can be input through the input interface 26, in addition to the parameters required for calculation. The required calculation parameters of the device 22 are used by the processor 22 to perform the calculation using the desired green light equation.
在上述說明完本實施例之裝置後,接下來詳細說明本發明在計算交通紓解最佳週期之方法流程,並詳細說明如何計算出紓解所需綠燈時間。請配合參照第三圖、第七圖與第八圖,本實施例亦舉例前車輛偵測器10、10’、10”與後車輛偵測器12、12’、12”能分別感測複數台車輛。如步驟S10,前車輛偵測器10、10’、10”與後車輛偵測器12、12’、12”分別感測到複數車輛50、50’、50”的進入時間與出去時間。接著進入步驟S12,處理器22藉由車輛50、50’、50”上的身分標籤來辨識車輛,並接收每一台車輛50、50’、50”的進入時間點以及出去時間點,以根據身分標籤分別將路徑A、路徑B以及路徑C每一台車輛50、50’、50”的出去時間點減去進入時間點,產生路徑A、路徑B以及路徑C中每一台車輛50、50’、50”的旅行時間,同時將資料庫24中紅綠燈號誌32、36、39的連續前進時間、紅綠燈號誌32、36、39的每一紅燈時間點與綠燈時間點、紅燈時間以及綠燈時間提供給處理器22,處理器22即可取得紅燈時間,以及根據資料庫24中紅綠燈號誌32、36、39的每一紅燈時間點,取得每台車輛50、50’、50”進入時間點與出去時間點之間的紅燈總時間以及紅燈時間,並根據綠燈時間點取得末端綠燈續進時間。最後進入步驟S14,處理器22分別將路徑A、路徑B以及路徑C每一台車輛50、50’、50”的旅行時間、紅燈總時間、紅燈時間、連續前進時間以及末端綠燈續進時間帶入紓解所需綠燈方程式,產生路徑A、路徑B以及路徑C中每一車輛50、50’、50”的紓解所需綠燈時間。其中紓解所需綠燈方程式與上述實施例相同,故不重複敘述。After the apparatus of the present embodiment is described above, the method flow of the present invention for calculating the optimal cycle of traffic mitigation is described in detail, and how to calculate the green time required for mitigation is explained in detail. Referring to the third, seventh and eighth figures, the present embodiment also exemplifies that the front vehicle detectors 10, 10', 10" and the rear vehicle detectors 12, 12', 12" can respectively sense the plural Taiwan vehicle. In step S10, the front vehicle detectors 10, 10', 10" and the rear vehicle detectors 12, 12', 12" respectively sense the entry and exit times of the plurality of vehicles 50, 50', 50". Proceeding to step S12, the processor 22 identifies the vehicle by the identity tag on the vehicle 50, 50', 50", and receives the entry time point and the exit time point of each of the vehicles 50, 50', 50", according to the identity. The tag subtracts the exit time points of each of the vehicles 50, 50', 50" of the path A, the path B, and the path C from the entry time point, and generates each of the vehicles 50, 50' in the path A, the path B, and the path C. , 50" travel time, at the same time, the red-light number 32, 36, 39 of the database 24 continuous advance time, traffic light 32, 36, 39 each red light time point and green time, red time and The green time is provided to the processor 22, the processor 22 can obtain the red light time, and each vehicle 50, 50', 50 is obtained according to each red light time point of the traffic light numbers 32, 36, 39 in the database 24. "The total red light time between the time of entry and the time of exit and the red light Time, and get the end green light continuation time according to the green time point. Finally, proceeding to step S14, the processor 22 successively advances the travel time, the total red light time, the red light time, the continuous advance time, and the end green light of each of the vehicles 50, 50', 50" of the path A, the path B, and the path C. The time brings in the green light equation required for the solution, and generates the green time required for the resolution of each of the vehicles 50, 50', 50" in the path A, the path B, and the path C. The equation for the green light required for the mitigation is the same as that of the above embodiment, and therefore the description will not be repeated.
其中判斷目前綠燈時間是否適合現在的車流量的方法與上述實施例相同,故不重複敘述。The method for judging whether or not the current green time is suitable for the current traffic flow is the same as that of the above embodiment, and therefore the description will not be repeated.
其中判斷計算車隊長度的方法與上述實施例相同,故不重複敘述。The method for judging the calculation of the length of the fleet is the same as that of the above embodiment, and therefore the description will not be repeated.
接下來產生路徑A、路徑B與路徑C的複數紓解所需綠燈時間後的推演應用,根據步驟S10至步驟S14分別產生路徑A、路徑B與路徑C的複數紓解所需綠燈時間之後,選擇每一個路徑之中最大值的紓解所需綠燈時間,再將每一路徑的中的最大值的紓解所需綠燈時間帶入一均衡綠燈時間方程式,以產生複數均衡綠燈時間,均衡綠燈時間方程式(3)如下所示: Min++ +(3) Σ=++…+Σ≦MaxPathCycle Σ=+++…+Min≦≦Max,1≦≦n 其中、為第1、2…n個路徑之均衡綠燈時間;Σ為所有路徑的均衡綠燈時間之總和;、g2 …為第1、2…n個路徑中最大值的紓解所需綠燈時間;Σ為路徑的紓解所需綠燈時間之總合;Max為第個路徑的最大均衡綠燈時間;Min為第個路徑最小均衡綠燈時間;為自然數;為路徑的路徑數目;MaxPathCycle是所有路徑之均衡綠燈時間之總和的最大限制值。處理器22藉由上述方法能有效的計算出每一路徑後端紅綠燈號誌的均衡綠燈時間,以透過均衡綠燈時間調整紅綠燈號誌30的時制。Next, the derivation application after the green time of the complex number of the path A, the path B, and the path C is generated, and after the green light time of the complex solution of the path A, the path B, and the path C is generated according to steps S10 to S14, Select the maximum green light time for each of the paths, and then bring the desired green time of the maximum value of each path into a balanced green time equation to generate a complex balanced green time and a balanced green light. The time equation (3) is as follows: Min + + + (3) Σ = + +...+ Σ ≦MaxPathCycle Σ = + + +...+ Min ≦ ≦Max , 1≦ ≦n where , Balanced green time for the 1, 2...n paths; Σ The sum of the green time of the equalization for all paths; , g 2 ... The green time required for the resolution of the maximum of the 1st, 2nd, ...th paths; The sum of the green time required for the resolution of the path; Max For the first Maximum balanced green time of each path; Min For the first Path minimum balance green time; Natural number; The number of paths for the path; MaxPathCycle is the maximum limit for the sum of the balanced green times of all paths. The processor 22 can effectively calculate the balanced green time of the traffic signal at the back end of each path by the above method, so as to adjust the time of the traffic light 30 by adjusting the green time.
綜上所述,能根據車輛行徑路徑的旅行時間判斷出車道的有效紓解綠燈時間,並能利用有效紓解綠燈時間進行交通號誌的時制運算,且能即時判各個時向的車流量狀態,即時配合車流量狀態來調整交通號誌的時制,有利於車流量的紓解。In summary, the green time of the lane can be judged according to the travel time of the vehicle path, and the time of the traffic sign can be calculated by effectively solving the green time, and the traffic flow state of each time direction can be instantly determined. Instantly adapting the traffic flow status to adjust the time system of traffic signs is conducive to the solution of traffic flow.
唯以上所述者,僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已,並非用來限定本發明實施之範圍。故即凡依本發明申請範圍所述之特徵及精神所為之均等變化或修飾,均應包括於本發明之申請專利範圍內。The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any changes or modifications of the features and spirits of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
10‧‧‧前車輛偵測器10‧‧‧Pre-vehicle detector
10’‧‧‧前車輛偵測器10’‧‧‧ Front Vehicle Detector
10”‧‧‧前車輛偵測器10"‧‧‧ Front Vehicle Detector
12‧‧‧後車輛偵測器12‧‧‧After vehicle detector
12’‧‧‧後車輛偵測器12'‧‧‧After vehicle detector
12”‧‧‧後車輛偵測器12"‧‧‧After vehicle detector
20‧‧‧計算機20‧‧‧ computer
22‧‧‧處理器22‧‧‧ Processor
24‧‧‧資料庫24‧‧‧Database
26‧‧‧輸入介面26‧‧‧Input interface
30‧‧‧紅綠燈號誌30‧‧‧Traffic Lights
31‧‧‧紅綠燈號誌31‧‧‧Traffic Lights
32‧‧‧紅綠燈號誌32‧‧‧Traffic Lights
34‧‧‧紅綠燈號誌34‧‧‧Traffic Lights
36‧‧‧紅綠燈號誌36‧‧‧Traffic Lights
38‧‧‧紅綠燈號誌38‧‧‧Traffic Lights
39‧‧‧紅綠燈號誌39‧‧‧Traffic Lights
40‧‧‧交通號誌控制箱40‧‧‧Traffic Control Box
50‧‧‧車輛50‧‧‧ Vehicles
50’‧‧‧車輛50’‧‧‧Vehicles
50”‧‧‧車輛50"‧‧‧ Vehicles
52‧‧‧電子標籤52‧‧‧Electronic label
第一圖係為本發明架設交通號誌的時制產生裝置於路口示意圖。 第二圖係為本發明交通號誌的時制產生裝置之方塊圖。 第三圖係為本發明交通號誌的時制產生方法之步驟流程圖。 第四圖係為本發明行車狀態示意圖。 第五圖係為本發明利用門檻值調整綠燈時間之步驟流程圖。 第六圖係為本發明紓解所需綠燈時間超過門檻值之示意圖。 第七圖係為本發明另一實施例之架設交通號誌的時制產生裝置於路口示意圖。 第八圖係為本發明另一實施例之交通號誌的時制產生裝置之方塊圖。The first figure is a schematic diagram of the time system generating device for erecting traffic signs according to the present invention. The second figure is a block diagram of the time system generating device of the traffic sign of the present invention. The third figure is a flow chart of the steps of the method for generating the traffic sign of the invention. The fourth figure is a schematic diagram of the driving state of the present invention. The fifth figure is a flow chart of the steps of adjusting the green time by using the threshold value. The sixth figure is a schematic diagram of the green light time required for the invention to exceed the threshold value. The seventh figure is a schematic diagram of a time system generating device for setting up a traffic sign according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 is a block diagram of a time generating device for a traffic sign according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (18)
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