TW201819548A - Conductive nanoparticle dispersion primer composition and methods of making and using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of curing a coating includes forming a primer coating from a composition for use in a conductive nanoparticle composition, wherein the composition comprises a multifunctional acrylate oligomer; an acrylate monomer; a photoinitiator; and a solvent; wherein the primer composition includes a total weight, wherein 5 % to 20 % of the total weight comprises the multifunctional acrylate oligomer, wherein 15 % to 20% of the total weight comprises the acrylate monomer, wherein 1.5% to 6% of the total weight comprises the photoinitiator; and wherein 50 to 78% of the total weight comprises the solvent; applying the primer coating to a surface of a substrate to form a coated substrate; applying irradiation to the primer coating with an ultraviolet light lamp having a peak irradiance of at least 1500 milliWatts; and curing the coating.

Description

 Conductive nano particle dispersing primer composition, manufacturing method and use thereof  

The primer composition is disclosed herein.

Coating methods may require processing the substrate prior to coating to improve properties between the coating and the substrate, such as adhesion, surface wetting, and compatibility. The substrate can be treated prior to coating using a primer composition or other treatment such as plasma treatment or ultraviolet radiation treatment. These processes can be used for conductive coatings, which are themselves useful in a variety of electronic devices. These coatings provide many functions such as electromagnetic interference shielding and electrostatic dissipation. Such coatings can be used in a variety of applications including, but not limited to, touch screen displays, wireless electronic boards, photovoltaic devices, conductive textiles and fibers, organic light emitting diodes, electroluminescent devices, and electrophoretic displays such as electronic paper.

Primer stability can be important in forming a conductive coating that can affect the adhesion of the conductive coating to the substrate. Accordingly, there is a need in the art for a primer composition having better stability which can provide a strong adhesion between the conductive coating and the substrate.

a primer composition for a conductive nanoparticle dispersion, comprising: a multifunctional acrylate oligomer; an acrylate monomer; and a photoinitiator ( Photoinitiator); and a solvent; wherein the primer composition comprises a total weight, wherein 5% to 20% by weight of the total weight comprises a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer, wherein 15% to 20% by weight of the total weight comprises acrylate monomer, Wherein 1.5% to 6% of the total weight comprises a photoinitiator; and 50% to 78% of the total weight thereof comprises a solvent.

A method of curing a coating comprising forming a primer coating from a composition for a conductive nanoparticle composition, wherein the composition comprises a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer; an acrylate monomer; a photoinitiator; and a solvent Wherein the primer composition comprises the total weight, wherein 5% to 20% by weight of the total weight comprises a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer, wherein 15% to 20% by weight of the total weight comprises acrylate monomer, wherein the total weight is 1.5 % to 6% comprises a photoinitiator; and 50% to 78% of the total weight thereof comprises a solvent; the primer coating is applied to the surface of the substrate to form a coated substrate; to have at least 1500 milliwatts (milliWatt a peak irradiance ultraviolet light to apply the primer to the primer coating; and to cure the coating.

a conductive sheet or film comprising a coated substrate, wherein the coated substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface, wherein the primer coating adheres to the first surface; and, is composed of a primer An adjacent conductive coating, wherein the conductive coating comprises nano-sized metal particles in a network configuration, and wherein the conductive coating has a surface resistance of less than or equal to 0.1 Ohm/sq.

The above and other features are illustrated by the following figures and detailed description.

2,32‧‧‧conductive sheet or film

4,14‧‧‧ Conductive coating

6,16‧‧‧ Primer composition coating

8,20‧‧‧Substrate

10‧‧‧Protective parts

22‧‧‧ first surface

24‧‧‧ second surface

18‧‧‧ Random first substrate coating

26‧‧‧ Surface

28‧‧‧Optional second substrate coating

Reference is now made to the accompanying drawings, in which

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a conductive sheet or film including a primer composition coating and a conductive coating transferred thereto.

2 is a cross-sectional view of a conductive sheet or film including a primer composition coating, a conductive coating transferred thereto, and a portion of a coated substrate.

Figure 3 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of a method of making a conductive sheet or film.

4A to 52B are images of respective embodiments in Tables 4 to 13.

The primer compositions are disclosed herein to provide increased adhesion between the conductive coating and the substrate as compared to different primer compositions. For example, the primer composition can form a primer coating that addresses the residual solvent with the primer composition from the primer coating (which can cause porosity or solvent in the primer coating) The problem of solvent bubbling) provides an increased adhesion of the substrate to the coating.

The primer composition for the conductive nanoparticle dispersion may comprise a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer, an acrylate monomer, an optional adhesion promoter, and a random surface additive. , photoinitiators and solvents. The primer composition provides increased adhesion between the conductive coating and the substrate as compared to different primer compositions. The primer composition can include the total weight. The polyfunctional acrylate oligomer can comprise from 5% to 20% by weight of the total weight. The acrylate monomer may comprise from 15% to 20% by weight of the total weight. The optional adhesion promoter can comprise from 0.25% to 2% by weight of the total weight. Random surface additives can range from 0.25% to 2% by weight. The photoinitiator can comprise from 1.5% to 6% by weight of the total. The solvent may comprise from 50% to 78% by weight of the total weight. The primer composition is capable of forming a primer composition coating that assists in providing the desired adhesion between the conductive coating and the substrate.

A primer composition for a conductive nanoparticle dispersion is disclosed herein. The primer composition can form a primer composition coating that addresses the residual solvent with the primer composition from the primer composition coating (which can cause porosity in the primer composition coating or The problem of solvent blistering) provides an increased adhesion of the substrate to the coating.

The primer composition for the conductive nanoparticle dispersion may comprise a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer, an acrylate monomer, a photoinitiator, and a solvent. The primer composition can include the total weight. The polyfunctional acrylate oligomer can comprise from 5% to 20% by weight of the total weight. The acrylate monomer may comprise from 15% to 20% by weight of the total weight. The photoinitiator can comprise from 1.5% to 6% by weight of the total. The solvent may comprise from 50% to 78% by weight of the total weight.

The primer composition coating can be disposed adjacent to the substrate. The primer composition coating can be disposed between the conductive coating and the surface of the substrate. The primer composition coating adheres to the conductive coating and the substrate surface and provides adhesion to connect the conductive coating adjacent to the substrate. The primer composition coating may be sandwiched between the conductive coating and the substrate such that one side thereof is disposed adjacent to the substrate surface and the other side is adjacent to the conductive coating. The substrate can include a substrate coating. The primer composition coating adheres directly to the substrate surface. The primer composition coating adheres to the surface of the coating, which adheres to the surface of the substrate.

The primer composition may comprise a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer and an acrylate monomer. The primer composition can comprise a photoinitiator. The polyfunctional acrylate oligomer may include an aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomer, a pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, an aliphatic urethane acrylate (aliphatic). Urethane acrylate), acrylate, dipentaerythritol dexaacrylate, acrylated resin, trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), dipentaerythritol An acrylate, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing. In one embodiment aspect, a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer may comprise DOUBLEMER ^TM 5272 (DM5272) (commercially available from the Taiwan ROC Taipei Double Bond Chemical Ind., Co., LTD.), Which includes a plurality 30% by weight (% by weight) to 50% by weight of the aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomer of the functional acrylate and 50% to 70% by weight of the pentaerythritol tetraacrylate of the polyfunctional acrylate the amount. A polyfunctional acrylate oligomer may include GENOMER ^TM 4267 (commercially available from the Rahn USA Corp.) as having a functionality (Functionality) aliphatic urethane acrylate amines 2, SARTOMER ^TM CN981 (in the Market available from the SARTOMER Americas) which provides weathering resistance inherent low viscosity of association (weathering property), SARTOMER ^TM CN981 to as aliphatic polyester / polyether urethane amine of sediment diacrylate oligomer SR399 (available from SARTOMER Americas on the market) which contains di-n-pentaerythritol with abrasion resistance, flexibility, and rapid curing reaction for UV and electron beam curing. Pentaacrylate.

The primer composition may include a polymerization initiator to promote polymerization of the acrylate component. The polymerization initiator may include a photoinitiator that promotes polymerization of the component components upon exposure to ultraviolet light.

The primer composition may comprise from 30% to 90% by weight of the polyfunctional acrylate oligomer, for example from 30% to 85% by weight, or from 30% to 80% by weight; from 5% to 5% by weight of acrylic acid An amount of the ester monomer, for example, 8% by weight to 65% by weight, or 15% by weight to 65% by weight; and 0% by weight to 10% by weight of the photoinitiating dose, for example, 2% by weight to 8% by weight, or 3% by weight to 7 wt%, wherein the weight is based on the total weight of the primer composition coating. The polyfunctional acrylate oligomer may include an aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomer and neopentyl alcohol tetraacrylate, wherein the polyfunctional acrylate oligomer comprises a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer weight, Wherein 30% to 50% by weight of the polyfunctional acrylate oligomer comprises an aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomer, and 50% to 70% by weight of the polyfunctional acrylate oligomer thereof comprises neopentylene Alcohol tetraacrylate. The aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomer may comprise from 2 to 15 acrylate functional groups, for example from 2 to 10 acrylate functional groups. The acrylate monomer (for example, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, methyl (acrylate) monomer) may include 1 to 5 acrylate functional groups, for example, 1 to 3 Acrylate functional group. In one embodiment, the acrylate monomer can be 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA).

The polyfunctional acrylate oligomer may include a compound produced by making an aliphatic isocyanate with an oligomeric diol such as a polyester diol or a polyether. A polyether diol is reacted to produce an isocyanate capped oligomer. This oligomer can then be reacted with hydroxy ethyl acrylate to produce urethane acrylate. The polyfunctional acrylate oligomer may be an aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomer, for example, an aliphatic polyol which is reacted with an aliphatic polyisocyanate and acrylated ( Acrylate)) is a complete aliphatic urethane (meth) acrylate oligomer. In one embodiment, the polyfunctional acrylate oligomer can be based on a polyol ether backbone. For example, the aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomer may be the reaction product of: (i) an aliphatic polyol; (ii) an aliphatic polyisocyanate; and (iii) capable of supplying a reactive terminus End capping monomer. The polyol (i) may be an aliphatic polyol which does not adversely affect the properties of the composition upon curing. Examples include polyether polyols, hydrocarbon polyols, polycarbonate polyols, polyisocyanate polyols, and mixtures thereof. The polyfunctional acrylate oligomer may comprise an aliphatic urethane tetraacrylate (ie, a maximum functionality of 4) which may be an acrylate monomer (eg, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate) The ester (HDDA), tripropyleneglycol diacrylate (TPGDA), or trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) was diluted 20% by weight. May be used to form the amine in the urethane acrylate coating of the primer composition may be obtained commercially EBECRYL ^TM 8405, EBECRYL ^TM 8311 or EBECRYL ^TM 8402, each based on the market available from Allnex.

Some commercially available oligomers can be used to obtain the primer composition may include, but are not limited to, polyfunctional acrylate, which is part of the following families: from IGM Resins, Inc., St.Charles, IL series of PHOTOMER ^TM Aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomer; aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomer from Sartomer SR series of Sartomer Company, Exton, Pa.; Echo from Echo Resins and Laboratory, Versailles, Mo. aliphatic amine urethane acrylate from Bomar Specialties, Winsted, Conn series of BR;; aliphatic amine resin series urethane acrylate oligomer. Allnex and the aliphatic amine from the urethane EBECRYL ^TM series Acrylate oligomer. For example, aliphatic amine urethane acrylate may be KRM8452 (10 ^{functionality, Allnex), EBECRYL TM 1290 (} 6 ^{functionality, Allnex), EBECRYL TM 1290N (} 6 ^{functionality, Allnex), EBECRYL TM 512 (} 6 functionality ^{, Allnex), EBECRYL TM 8702 (} 6 ^{functionality, Allnex), EBECRYL TM 8405 (} 3 ^{functionality, Allnex), EBECRYL TM 8402 (} 2 ^{functionality, Allnex), EBECRYL TM 284 (} 3 functionality, Allnex), CN9010 ^{TM (Sartomer), CN9013 TM (Sartomer} ), SR351 (Sartomer) or Laromer TMPTA (BASF), SR399 ( Sartomer) two new pentaerythritol pentaacrylate and di-pentaerythritol hexaacrylate new DPHA (Allnex), CN9010 (Sartomer ).

Another component of the primer composition can be an acrylate monomer having one or more acrylate or methacrylate moieties per monomer molecule. The acrylate monomer can be mono-, di-, tri-, tetra- or pentafunctional. In one embodiment, a di-functional monomer is used in terms of the desired flexibility and adhesion of the coating. The monomer may be a linear or branched alkyl group, a cyclic group, or a partially aromatic. The reactive monomer diluent may also comprise a combination of monomers which, in general, result in the desired adhesion of the coating composition to the substrate, wherein the primer composition is curable to form the desired properties. Flexible hard material.

The acrylate monomer can include a monomer having a plurality of acrylate or methacrylate moieties. These may be mono-, di-, tri-, tetra- or penta-functional, especially di-functional, in order to increase the crosslink density of the cured coating, and thus may also increase the modulus without Causes brittleness. Examples of polyfunctional monomers include, but are not limited to, C ₆ -C ₁₂ hydrocarbon diol diacrylates or dimethacrylates such as 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) and 1, 6-Hexanediol dimethacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate or dimethacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate or dimethacrylate, neopentyl glycol propoxylation Neopentyl glycol propoxylate diacrylate or dimethacrylate, neopentyl glycol ethoxylate diacrylate or dimethacrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl (methyl) ) 2-phenoxylethyl (meth)acrylate, alkoxylated aliphatic (meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylic acid Lauryl (meth)acrylate, isodecyl (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate, tridecyl (meth)acrylate, and the inclusion of the aforementioned monomers a mixture of at least one of them. For example, the acrylate monomer can be 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), either alone or in combination with another monomer, such as tripropyleneglycol diacrylate (TPGDA), trihydroxyl Trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), oligotriacrylate (OTA 480), or octyl/decyl acrylate (ODA). For example, the acrylate monomer can be polyethylene glycol acrylate. For example, polyethylene glycol acrylate monomer may be an acrylate monomer (monofunctional methoxylate polyethylene glycol acrylate monomer) is a monofunctional methoxylated, e.g. SARTOMER ^TM CD553 (commercially available from the SARTOMER Americas), ethoxy trimethylol propane triacrylate (ethoxylate trimethrylolpropane triacrylate) e.g. SARTOMER ^TM SR454 (commercially available from the SARTOMER Americas), 3 mole propoxylated glycerol triacrylate (propoxylated glyceryl triacrylate) of trifunctional monomer For example SARTOMER ^TM SR 9020 (commercially available from the SARTOMER Americas), or polyethylene glycol (600) diacrylate e.g. SARTOMER ^TM SR610 (commercially available from the SARTOMER Americas).

Another component of the primer composition may be an adhesion promoter such as a hydroxy functional copolymer comprising 1-methoxy-2-propanol. ), such as BYK 4510 (available from ALTANA on the market). Another component of the primer composition may be a surface additive such as a cross-linking silicone containing a surface additive such as a polyether modified polyether modified polyether modified , acryl functional siloxane), such as BYK UV3530 (available from ALTANA on the market). Another component of the primer composition can be a solvent. The solvent may include an alcohol such as ethanol, ethyl acetate, isopropanol, isobutyl acetate, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

Another component of the primer composition can be a polymerization initiator, such as a photoinitiator, wherein the photoinitiator is ultraviolet cured. The photoinitiator can provide a reasonable cure speed without causing premature gelation of the primer composition. Further, it can be used without interfering with the optical clarity of the cured primer composition or the coating of the primer composition prepared therefrom. Still further, the photoinitiator can be thermally stable, non-yellowing, and effective. Photoinitiators may include, but are not limited to, alpha-hydroxyketone; bis acyl phosphine; benzophenone; phenyl double (2,4,6-trimethyl) Phenyl bis bis(2,4,6-trimethyl benzoyl); 1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl-ketone, diphenyl ketone, 2- Hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone; phosphine oxide; hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone ); hydroxymethylphenylpropanone; dimethoxyphenylacetophenone; 2-methyl-1-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2-N- 2-methyl-1-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2-morpholinopropanone-1); 1-(4-isopropylphenyl)-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropane- 1-keto (1-(4-isopropylphenyl)-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-1-one); 1-(4-dodecylphenyl)-2-hydroxy-2-methylprop-1- Ketone (1-(4-dodecylphenyl)-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-1-one); 4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl-(2-hydroxy-2-propyl)one (4- (2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl-(2-hydroxy-2-propyl)ketone); diethoxyacetophenone; 2,2-di-butoxybutyrophenone (2,2-di) -sec-butoxyacetophenone), diethoxy-phenyl acetophenone; bis(2,6-dimethoxybenzylidene)-2,4-,4-trimethylpentyl Bis(2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl-2,4-,4-trimethylpentylphosphine oxide); 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylethoxyphenylphosphine oxide; and a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

Exemplary photoinitiators can include phosphine oxide photoinitiators. Examples of such photoinitiators include phosphine oxide photoinitiators available from BASF Corp.'s IRGACURE ^(TM) , LUCIRIN ^(TM) and DAROCURE ^{( TM)} series; ADDITOL ^(TM) series available from Allnex; and ESACURE ^(TM) series from Lamberti, spa Photoinitiator. Other useful photoinitiators include ketone-based photoinitiators such as hydroxy- and alkoxyalkyl phenyl ketones and sulfanyl phenyl N-- Thioalkylphenyl morpholinoalkyl ketone. It is also desirable to be a benzoin ether photoinitiator. Specific Exemplary photoinitiators include bis by BASF supply of IRGACURE ^TM 819 (2,4,6-acyl-methylbenzyl) - phenyl phosphine oxide (bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide ), or 2-hydroxy supply them with a Allnex ADDITOL HDMAP ^TM -2- methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, 1-hydroxy or by BASF under the supply of IRGACURE ^TM 184 - cyclohexyl - phenyl - one, Co.Ltd RUNTECURE ^TM 1104 or by the supply of Changzhou Runtecure chemical, or consisting of 2- BASF supplied to DAROCURE ^TM 1173-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone. The photoinitiator may include commercially available from Rahn USA Corp. of GENOCURE ^TM LBC, a liquid benzophenone photoinitiator blend. The photoinitiator can be selected such that the curing energy is less than 2.0 joules per square centimeter (J/cm ² ), and especially less than 1.0 J/cm ² (when a specified amount of photoinitiator is used).

The polymerization initiator may include a peroxy-based initiator which promotes polymerization under thermal activation. Examples of useful peroxy initiators include benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and lauryl peroxide ( Lauryl peroxide), cyclohexanone peroxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, t-butyl benzene hydroperoxide, 2-ethyl-hexidine T-butyl peroctoate, 2,5-dimethylhexane-2,5-dihydroperoxide, 2,5-di Methyl-2,5-di(tris-butylperoxy)-hex-3-yne (2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(t-butylperoxy)-hex-3-yne), diperoxide- Di-t-butylperoxide, tertiary t-butylcumyl peroxide, α,α'-bis(tris-butyl peroxy-m-isopropyl)benzene (alpha, Alpha'-bis(t-butylperoxy-m-isopropyl)benzene, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tri-butylperoxy)hexane (2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (t-butylperoxy)hexane), dicumylperoxide, di(isobutyl isophthalate) (di(t-butylperoxy isophtha) Late), t-butylperoxybenzoate, 2,2-bis(t-butylperoxybutane), 2,2-double (2,2-bis(t-butylperoxy)octane), 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(benzylhydrazine peroxy)hexane (2,5-dimethyl -2,5-di(benzoylperoxy)hexane), di(trimethylsilyl)peroxide, trimethylsilylphenyltriphenylsilyl peroxide And the like, and a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing polymerization initiators.

The primer composition coating as described herein may have an electrical resistivity of less than or equal to 75 ohms per square ( Ω /sq), such as less than or equal to 50 Ω /sq, such as less than or equal to 25 Ω / Sq, for example less than or equal to 15 Ω /sq. The primer composition coating as described herein can have a resistivity of 10 to 25 Ω /sq. Resistivity generally refers to how strongly the material opposes current flow. Lower values mean an increase in conductivity.

The present disclosure provides a method of curing a coating in an inert atmosphere, wherein the method comprises forming a primer coating from a composition for a conductive nanoparticle composition, wherein the composition comprises a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer And an acrylate monomer, a photoinitiator, and a solvent; wherein the primer composition comprises a total weight, wherein 5% to 20% by weight of the total weight comprises a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer, wherein the total weight is 15% to 20% % comprises an acrylate monomer, wherein 1.5% to 6% by weight of the total weight comprises a photoinitiator, and 50% to 78% of the total weight thereof comprises a solvent. A primer coating is applied to the surface of the substrate to form a coated substrate. The coated substrate is subjected to irradiation with a microwave powered ultraviolet (UV) lamp, wherein the illumination is applied in an inert atmosphere and the coated substrate is cured. The inert atmosphere can include nitrogen, argon, helium, carbon dioxide, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing. The primer coating may have a thickness of from 10 micrometers to 50 micrometers, such as from 20 micrometers to 40 micrometers, or from 20 micrometers to 30 micrometers.

The substrate can have any shape. The substrate can have a first surface and a second surface. The substrate can comprise a polymer, glass, or a combination of polymer and glass. The first surface of the substrate can comprise a first polymer. The second surface of the substrate can comprise a second polymer. The first surface of the substrate can be configured relative to the second surface of the substrate. The first surface of the substrate can be comprised of a first polymer. The second surface of the substrate can be comprised of a second polymer. The first surface of the substrate may be comprised of a first polymer and the second surface of the substrate may be comprised of a second polymer. The first polymer and the second polymer may be co-extruded to form a substrate. The first polymer and the second polymer can be different polymers, for example, can comprise different chemical compositions. The substrate can be flat and can include a first surface and a second surface, wherein the second surface can be configured relative to the first surface, such as co-extruded to form opposing sides of the substrate. The substrate can have flexibility. The thickness of the substrate can range from 150 microns to 250 microns, such as from 150 microns to 200 microns, or from 150 microns to 175 microns.

Primer coatings can be cured by H-bulb using various peak irradiances and using a Microwave UV processor or an Arc lamp UV processor. The coated substrate can be subjected to an irradiation (e.g., exposure) at an energy of 380 millijoules (mJ) to 650 mJ, such as 400 mJ to 600 mJ, such as 425 mJ to 475 mJ. Peak irradiance refers to the peak wattage of the lamp used. The primer is sensitive to peak irradiance. The coated substrate can be subjected to irradiation at a power of 1500 milliwatts (mW) to 2500 mW, such as 1900 mW to 2200 mW, such as 2000 mW to 2100 mW. The coated substrate can be cured in 60 seconds, 90 seconds, or 120 seconds. The curing temperature may range from 125 ° C to 200 ° C, for example 140 ° C. Additionally, the coated substrate can be exposed to temperatures between 25 ° C and 100 ° C prior to irradiation. The exposure may be for 20 to 100 seconds, such as 30 to 90 seconds, 40 to 80 seconds, or 50 to 70 seconds.

The present disclosure provides a conductive sheet or film comprising a coated substrate and a conductive coating applied to the primer coating. The conductive coating may contain an electromagnetic shielding material. The conductive coating can include a conductive material. The conductive material may include a pure metal such as silver (Ag), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), a metal oxide thereof, a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing, or a metal alloy comprising at least one of the foregoing. A metal or metal alloy produced by the Metallurgic Chemical Process (MCP) described in U.S. Patent No. 5,476,535. The metal of the conductive coating can be nanometer in size, such as where 90% of the particles can have an equivalent spherical diameter of less than 100 nanometers (nm). The metal particles can be sintered to form a network of interconnected metal traces that define a randomly shaped opening on the surface of the substrate to which they are applied. The sintering temperature of the conductive coating can be 300 ° C, which can exceed the heat deflection temperature of some substrate materials. After sintering, the surface resistance of the conductive coating can be less than or equal to 0.1 ohm per square (ohm/sq). The conductive coating may have a surface resistance of indium tin oxide coating having a surface resistance of less than 1/10. The conductive coating can be transparent.

Unlike a mesh formed of nano-sized metal wires, a conductive network formed of nano-sized metal particles can be bent without reducing the conductivity of the conductive mesh and/or increasing the electrical resistance. For example, the wire of the wire can be separated at the junction when bent, which reduces the conductivity of the wire, and the metal mesh of the nano-sized particles can be elastically deformed without separating the trace of the mesh. This maintains the conductivity of the network.

The primer composition coating can be disposed adjacent to the surface of the substrate (eg, dispersed on the surface of the substrate). The primer composition coating can abut the substrate surface. The primer composition coating can be disposed on the surface of the substrate. The primer composition coating can be applied to the conductive coating. The primer composition coating can at least partially surround the conductive coating. The conductive coating can be at least partially embedded in the primer composition coating such that a portion of the primer composition coating can extend into the opening of the nanowire of the conductive coating.

The substrate may optionally include a substrate coating disposed on the surface of the substrate. The substrate coating can be disposed on two opposing surfaces of the substrate. The substrate coating can provide a protective portion to the substrate. A protective site, such as an acrylic hard coat, can provide an abrasion resistance to the underlying substrate. The protective portion can be disposed adjacent to the surface of the substrate. The protective portion can abut the surface of the substrate. The protective portion can be disposed opposite the conductive coating. The protective site can include a polymer. In one embodiment, the substrate coating can comprise a polymeric coating that provides good pencil hardness (eg, 4-5H as measured on polymethyl methacrylate according to ASTM D3363). Or HB-F) and chemical/abrasion resistance measured on polycarbonate according to ASTM D3363, along with the desired processing characteristics. For example, the coated substrate may include a coating such as commercially available from SABIC's Innovative Plastics Business of LEXAN ^TM OQ6DA acrylic film or the like as a substrate mass (acrylic based) or as seeding silicon (silicon based) coating the A film or film that provides enhanced pencil hardness, enhanced chemical resistance, various gloss and printability, enhanced flexibility, and/or enhanced abrasion resistance. The coating may have a thickness of from 0.1 millimeters (mm) to 2 mm, such as from o.25 mm to 1.5 mm, or from 0.5 mm to 1.2 mm. The coating can be applied to one or more faces of the substrate. For example, the substrate coating can include an acrylic hardcoat.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a conductive sheet or film 2. The sheet or film 2 may include a conductive coating 4, a primer composition coating 6 (i.e., a primer composition coating layer), a substrate 8 and a protective portion 10. The sheet or film 2 can be bent and/or shaped (e.g., extruded) such that the depth D of the sheet or film shape is greater than the total thickness T of the sheet or film 2. The conductivity of the conductive sheet or film 32 can be measured from point A to point B. The substrate can include a first surface 22 and a second surface 24. Substrate 8 can include two polymers that are coextruded. The substrate can include a first surface 22 comprising a first polymer and a second surface 24 comprising a second polymer. The coextruded substrate can include a first surface 22 comprised of a first polymer and a second surface 24 comprised of a second polymer. The conductive coating 4 can be disposed adjacent to the first surface 22 of the substrate 8. The primer composition coating 6 can be applied directly to the first surface 22 of the substrate 8 or the primer composition coating 6 can be applied to the conductive coating 4. The primer composition coating 6 can be sandwiched between the conductive coating 4 and the first surface 22 of the substrate 8. The sheet or film 2 can be curved over at least one dimension, such as the w-axis dimension. The sheet or film 2 can be curved in at least two dimensions, such as the w-axis and the h-axis dimension. The sheet or film 2 can have a width W measured along the w-axis. The sheet or film 2 can have a depth D measured along the d-axis. The sheet or film 2 may have a length L measured along the 1 axis. The sheet or film 2 may have flexibility such that when the integrated conductive film 2 is bent, the change in electrical resistance (measured between points A to B) may be less than or equal to 1 ohm. The thickness T of the sheet or film 2 may be from 0.05 mm to 25 mm, such as from 0.05 mm to 10 mm, or from 0.1 mm to 5 mm. The sheet or film 2 can be bent. The depth D can be twice as large as the total thickness T of the sheet or film 2. The sheet or film 2 can have the greatest depth anywhere along the film. The conductive coating 4 can be at least partially surrounded by a portion of the primer composition coating 6, such that a portion of the primer composition coating 6 can extend into the opening of the nanoweb of the conductive coating 4.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a conductive sheet or film 32. The conductive sheet or film 32 can include a conductive coating 14, a primer composition coating 16, a random first substrate coating 18, a random second substrate coating 28, and a substrate 20. The conductivity of the conductive sheet or film 32 can be measured from point A to point B. The optional first substrate coating 18 can be disposed adjacent to the substrate 20 such that the primer composition coating 16 can adhere to the surface 26 of the random first substrate coating 18 and adjacent the substrate 20. The conductive coating 14 can be at least partially surrounded by a portion of the primer composition coating 16 such that a portion of the primer composition coating 16 can extend into the opening of the nanoweb of the conductive coating 14. The sheet or film 32 can include a random second substrate coating 28 disposed on a surface opposite the surface on which the optional first substrate coating 18 is disposed.

3 is an embodiment illustrating a method of preparing a conductive sheet or film 2 in which a substrate 8 is provided and a primer coating 6 is applied to the surface of the substrate 8. The primer layer is UV cured and aged, and then the conductive coating 4 is applied to the primer coating 6. The conductive coating 4 is thermally cured to form a conductive sheet or film 2. Alternatively or additionally, the primer composition coating 6 can be applied to the substrate 8 or the electrically conductive coating 4, wherein the primer coating 6 is sandwiched between the substrate 8 and the electrically conductive coating 4, wherein the primer coating 6 is cured. To make the layers stick together.

The primer composition coating can transmit incident visible light (eg, electromagnetic radiation having a frequency of 430 THz to 790 THz) greater than or equal to 50% (eg, 50% transmittance), such as 60% to 100%, or 75% to 100%, for example 86%. Transparency is described by two parameters: percent transmission and percent haze. The percent transmittance and haze percentage of laboratory scale samples can be determined using ASTM D1003 Procedure A using a CIE Standard Light Source C using a Haze-Gard test apparatus. ASTM D1003 (Procedure B, Spectrophotometer, using unidirectional viewing, light source with diffuse illumination C) defines the percent transmittance as follows:

Where: I is the light intensity of the test sample and I _o is the incident light intensity.

The primer composition coating may have a haze value of less than or equal to 5% as measured according to ASTM D1003 Procedure A using a CIE standard source C, such as a haze value of less than or equal to 3%, such as haze. The value can be less than or equal to 2.5%. The conductive sheet or film comprising the primer composition coating may have a haze of less than or equal to 6% as measured according to ASTM D1003 Procedure A using a CIE standard source C, such as less than or equal to 5%, such as less than or equal to 2.5%. . A conductive sheet or film comprising a primer composition coating may have an incident light having a frequency of 430 THz to 790 THz having a transmittance greater than or equal to 80% as measured according to ASTM D1003 Procedure A using a CIE standard source C, such as greater than or equal to 85%, for example greater than or equal to 86%, such as greater than or equal to 87%. The conductive sheet or film comprising the primer composition coating may have a pencil hardness of greater than or equal to H as measured according to ASTM D3363 using a Mitsubishi Uni pencil having a loading of 1 kg.

The primer composition forming the primer composition coating can be cured. The cured primer composition coating can include a combination of waiting, heating, drying, exposure to electromagnetic radiation (eg, electromagnetic radiation (EMR) in the UV spectrum), or one of the foregoing.

The conductive sheet or film can include a substrate (including a first surface and a second surface), a primer composition coating as described herein adhered to the first surface, and a conductive coating adjacent to the primer composition coating. Wherein the conductive coating comprises nano-sized metal particles arranged in a network, and wherein the conductive coating has a surface resistance of less than or equal to 0.1 Ohm/sq.

a polymer used for a conductive sheet, a film or a substrate or a polymer used in the production of a conductive sheet, film or substrate (for example, a substrate, a primer composition coating, and a random substrate coating) may include a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, Glass, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

Possible thermoplastic resins include, but are not limited to, oligomers, polymers, ionomers, dendrimers, copolymers (such as graft copolymers), block copolymers (eg, A star block copolymer, a random copolymer, and the like, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing. Examples of such thermoplastic resins include, but are not limited to, polycarbonates (e.g., blends of polycarbonates (such as polycarbonate-polybutadiene blends, copolyester polycarbonate), poly Styrene (such as copolymer of polycarbonate and styrene, polyphenylene ether-polystyrene blend), polyimine (PI) (such as polyether sulfimine (PEI) )), acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene (ABS), polyalkyl methacrylate (such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)), polyester (such as copolyester, polythioester ( Polythioester)), polyolefins (such as polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene, high density polyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)), poly Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamine (for example, polyimideimide), polyarylate, polyfluorene (for example, polyarylsulfone) , polysulfonamide, polyphenylene sulfide, polytetrafluoroethy Lene), polyether (such as polyether keton (PEK), polyether etherketone (PEEK), polyethersulfone (PES)), polyacrylics, polyacetal Polyphenylene Polybenzoxazole (eg polybenzoxazole) Phthalocyanine (polybenzothiazinophenothiazine), polybenzothiazole (polybenzothiazole), poly Polyoxadiazole, polypyridyl Quino Polypyrazinoquinoxaline, polypyromellitimide, polyquine Polyquinoxaline, polybenzimidazole, polyoxindole, polyoxoisoindoline (eg polydioxoisoindoline), poly3 (polytriazine) (polypyridazine) (polypiperazine), polypyridine, polypiperidine, polytriazole, polypyrazole, polypyrrolidone, polycarborane, polyoxagen Polyoxabicyclononane, polydibenzofuran, polyphthalamide, polyacetal, polyanhydride, polyvinyl (for example, polyvinyl ether (polyvinyl) Ether), polyvinyl thioether, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl ketone, polyvinyl halide, polyvinyl nitrile, polyvinyl ester ), polyvinyl chloride), polysulfonate, polysulfide, polyurea, polyphosphazene, polysilazane, polyoxyalkylene, fluorine polymerization Fluoropolymer (such as polyvinyl fluouride (PVF), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), fluorinated ethylene-propylene (FEP), polyethylene tetrafluoroethylene (p Olyethylene tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE)), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

More specifically, the thermoplastic resin may include without limitation polycarbonate resin (e.g. from SABIC's Innovative Plastics business in the market LEXAN ^TM resins, resins including LEXAN ^TM CFR), poly phenylene oxide stretch - polystyrene resin (e.g. from SABIC's Innovative Plastics business market the resin NORYL ^TM), polyetherimide resins (e.g., ULTEM ^TM resin from SABIC's Innovative Plastics business in the market), polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate - polycarbonate (polybutylene terephthalate-polycarbonate) resin (e.g., from the market XENOY ^TM resin of SABIC's Innovative Plastics business), copolyestercarbonate resins (e.g. from SABIC's Innovative Plastics business of LEXAN ^TM SLX resins on the market), or the resin comprising a combination of at least one of them. Still more particularly, the thermoplastic resin may include, but is not limited to, polycarbonate, polyester, polyacrylate, polyamine, polyetherimide, polyphenylene oxide, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing resins. Homopolymers and copolymers. The polycarbonate may comprise a copolymer of polycarbonate (for example polycarbonate-polyoxyalkylene, such as polycarbonate-polyoxyalkylene block copolymer, polycarbonate-dimethylbisphenol cyclohexane (dimethyl) bisphenol cyclohexane) (DMBPC) polycarbonate copolymers (e.g. from SABIC's Innovative Plastics business in the market and LEXAN ^TM DMX LEXAN ^TM XHT resin), a polycarbonate - polyester copolymers (e.g. from SABIC's Innovative in the market the resin Plastics business XYLEX ^TM)), linear polycarbonate (linear polycarbonate), a branched polycarbonate (branched polycarbonate), the polycarbonate capped (end-capped polycarbonate) (e.g. via the nitrile-terminated polycarbonate A nitrile end-capped polycarbonate, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing, such as a combination of a branched chain and a linear polycarbonate.

As used herein, fluorene polycarbonate 〞 means a polymer or copolymer having structural carbonate units of the formula:

Wherein at least 60% of the total number of R ¹ groups is aromatic, or each R ¹ contains at least one C _6-30 aromatic group. The polycarbonates and their methods of manufacture are known in the art and are described, for example, in WO 2013/175448 A1, US 2014/0295363 and WO 2014/072923. Polycarbonates are usually prepared from bisphenol compounds, such as 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (〝 bisphenol-A 〞 or 〝BPA 〞), and 3,3-bis (4- 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)phthalimidine, 1,1-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)cyclohexane, or 1,1-double (4-Hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing bisphenol compounds. In a specific embodiment, the polycarbonate is a homopolymer derived from BPA, a copolymer derived from BPA with another bisphenol or a dihydroxy aromatic compound such as resorcinol, or derived from BPA. Copolymer with optionally another bisphenol or dihydroxy aromatic compound, and additionally comprising non-carbonate units, such as aromatic ester units (such as resorcinol terephthalate or isophthalate) )), an aromatic-aliphatic ester unit with a C _6-20 aliphatic diacid as a substrate, a polyoxyalkylene unit (such as a polydimethyl siloxane unit) Or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

Polymers of conductive sheets, films or substrates or polymers used in the manufacture of conductive sheets, films or substrates (eg, substrates, primer composition coatings, and random substrate coatings) may include conventionally incorporated into such polymer compositions. The various additives in the formulation, with the proviso that the additives are selected, have no significant adverse effect on the desired properties of the polymer composition. These additives may be mixed at a suitable time during mixing to form the components of the composition. Exemplary additives include fillers, reinforcing agents, antioxidants, heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, ultraviolet (UV) light stabilizers, plasticizers, lubricants, mold release agents Antistatic agents, colorants (such as titanium dioxide, carbon black, and organic dyes), surface effect additives, radiation stabilizers, flame retardants, and anti-drip agents. Combinations of additives can be used, such as heat stabilizers, combinations of mold release agents and ultraviolet light stabilizers. The total amount of the additive (other than any impact modifier, filler or reinforcing agent) is usually from 0.01 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

The substrate can include polycarbonate. The substrate may comprise poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The substrate may comprise coextruded polycarbonate and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The substrate may comprise coextruded polycarbonate and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), wherein the first surface of the substrate is comprised of polycarbonate and the second surface of the substrate is comprised of PMMA. The substrate can include polyethylene. The substrate can include glass. The substrate can comprise polycarbonate, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polyethylene, glass, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing. The primer composition coating can be applied to the surface of the substrate comprising polycarbonate. The primer composition coating can be applied to the surface of a substrate composed of polycarbonate. The primer composition coating can be disposed between the conductive coating and the surface of the substrate comprising the polycarbonate. The primer composition coating can be disposed between the conductive coating and the surface of the substrate comprised of polycarbonate.

 Example  

The reactivity of the many components of the primer composition disclosed herein was tested. Table 1 lists the reactive formulations and tests conducted under an ARC UV lamp, while Table 3 lists the reactive formulations and tests conducted under Fusion H bomb UV. Table 2 lists the ARC UV lamp properties. In Table 1, P means qualified and means a non-tacky surface when touched with a finger, F means a sample that is unacceptable and a sticky surface when touched with a finger, G Means good reactivity, VP means very poor and non-reactive. In these examples, samples were prepared using a 70% monomer/oligomer mixture plus 30% HDDA and 4% photoinitiator. The primer composition coating was placed on the polycarbonate film using a bar coating. The primer composition coating has a thickness of about 4 μm. The film was immediately cured and then tested for a tacky/non-stick surface. The cure time is dependent on the line speed (eg, a higher line speed, a shorter UV cure time, while a slower line speed is the opposite). The materials listed in Tables 1 and 3 have been previously described herein and are commercially available components.

As can be seen in Table 1, all of Example Nos. 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10 and 11 demonstrated good reactivity. In Table 3, the same example numbers demonstrate less than 40% acceptable anti-scratch properties.

The following examples relate to the application of a primer coating to a substrate. The adhesion between the primer coating and the polycarbonate substrate layer can be a function of the swelling (or diffusion) of the primer coating into the polycarbonate layer, wherein the diffusion system promotes A chain entanglement anchorage of the primer coating to the polycarbonate layer as the primer layer cures. However, too much primer coating diffusing to the substrate can result in increased haze, indicating excessive expansion of the solvent or monomer from the primer coating.

In addition, the solvent remaining in the primer layer causes defects in the primer layer. For example, solvent penetration is used to describe the effect of solvent diffusion through the primer layer to the polycarbonate film, which results in increased haze. In other words, the residual solvent in the dried primer coating at the UV cure point can cause porosity or solvent popping in the primer coating, which can reduce the primer layer on subsequent The chemical resistance of toluene encountered in the applied conductive layer emulsion package.

To reduce the amount of solvent remaining in the primer coating, a faster evaporating solvent set can be used, such as those consisting of ethyl acetate and isobutyl acetate (70:30 to 80:20 by volume). Increasing the thickness of the coating also increases the diffusion time of the solvent into the polycarbonate layer. Alternatively, the solvent can be allowed to evaporate during the drying process before it reaches the surface of the polycarbonate film. Another method of reducing the amount of solvent retained is to use a slower line speed during application of the primer coating to the substrate in order to increase the residence time in the dryer prior to UV treatment, wherein a longer residence time contributes to further solvent evaporation. Tables 4 through 7 illustrate examples of different coating speeds and aging times.

In other words, Tables 4 through 7 illustrate various embodiments of applying a primer coating to a substrate. The primer coating used in all the examples is called PCC-1, including aliphatic urethane dimethacrylate, monofunctional methoxy acrylate monomer. PEG acrylate monomer), ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate, monomer (What kind of monomer is M320 and M286?), acid functional silane, polyether A modified polyether modified acryl functional polydimethylsiloxide, a silicone surface additive, an adhesion promoter, a photoinitiator, and ethanol. In order to achieve a primer coating of 2 micrometers (μm) thickness, a wet primer coating composition having a thickness of 6 μm was applied. The primer coating was applied to 178μm (0.178mm) polycarbonate substrate (e.g., LEXAN ^TM 8010) on. The primer coating was applied at 2, 4 and 6 m/min using an Arc lamp (1300 mW with 260 mJ). The resulting film was subjected to 25 kg for 24 and 48 hours of stability.

A conductive coating is then applied to the cured primer layer and then thermally cured. Based conductive coating is used in the market from CIMA (SANTE ^TM), which is obtained from the use of silver (silver network) technology to Zhunnai Mi (self-aligning nano-technology) on the substrate. SANTE ^TM Percentage transmittance of 81.9%, was 4.27 percent haze, and resistance was 47.1 Ω.

In the following examples, haze was tested according to ASTM D1003 Procedure A using a CIE standard source C using a Haze-Gard test apparatus. The relationship between the elongation percentage and the surface resistivity of the conductive film is characterized by a Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) method. The conductive film was cut into 5 mm x 30 mm samples and then fixed on a holder of a DMA instrument (TA Q800). The temperature was then increased to 130 ° C, then the film was stretched under a specific applied force and the surface resistance (R) was measured after a specific stretching.

In Tables 4 to 7, 〝T% 〞 refers to percent transmittance, 〝H% 〞 refers to percent haze, and 〝R 〞 refers to surface resistance. The 〝OL〞 in Table 7 refers to the overload (that is, the infinite resistance, which means that the amount can be measured more than the meter, where the meter usually measures up to 1,000 Ω / sq.). The figure refers to a collection of photos for each coating speed, each elapsed time. For example, FIGS. 4A to 4C correspond to an elapsed time of 0 minutes, wherein FIG. 4A corresponds to a coating speed of 2 m/min, FIG. 4B corresponds to a coating speed of 4 m/min, and FIG. 4C corresponds to a coating of 6 m/min. speed. Similarly, for example, FIGS. 5A to 5C correspond to an elapsed time of 1 minute at 140 ° C, wherein FIG. 5A corresponds to a coating speed of 2 m/min, FIG. 5B corresponds to a coating speed of 4 m/min, and FIG. 5C corresponds to Coating speed of 6 m/min. The time elapsed represents the amount of time that elapses before the sample is coated with a conductive coating and subsequently subjected to transmission, haze and resistance tests.

As shown in Table 4, the curing speed was increased, the cells were larger, and the film properties were improved. For example, curing the primer formulation at 4 and 6 m/min gives acceptable transmission and resistance values. A cure rate of 2 m/min resulted in a stable primer formulation, but a small cell size and less preferred optics. However, as shown in Tables 5 to 7, a curing time of more than 8 m/min caused the solvent to penetrate the primer and increase the haze.

It can be seen, for example, by comparing Figures 4B, 5B, and 6B that the primer system changes over time, and as the radiation density decreases, the cell size increases. Since the cell size changes within 24 hours under pressure, it is concluded that the solvent is not the only one responsible for the stability of the primer. Again, as shown in Table 7, curing at 8 mps was not optimal, as there was no adhesion and no measurable sheet resistance results.

The conductive sheets or films of the following examples of Tables 8 to 13 were applied by applying a 12 micron wet primer coating PCC-1 (to give a dry thickness of 2 or 4 microns) to a 0.178 with a protective coating (ie, a primer). Manufactured from a polycarbonate substrate. A 12 micron wet primer coating was applied to give a dry thickness of 4 microns. The substrate with the primer coating was subjected to a drying in a drying oven at a temperature of 60 ° C for a duration of 60 seconds, and then the sample was passed to a UV processor for curing. Primer coatings are cured with H-bulb, but at various peak irradiances and using microwave UV (high intensity light with a peak irradiance of 2000-2200 mW) processor or Arc lamp (with 600 mW intensity) UV processor. As shown in the table. When using an Arc lamp, it may be desirable to apply a primer coating in an inert environment. The settings for the UV processor were based on millijoules and milliwatts (mJ/mW) and a 60 second flash at 50 °C to 60 °C prior to UV exposure. After the samples had been treated with UV to accelerate the aging of the cured primer, all samples were cured at 120 to 140 ° C for 1 minute.

The conductive coating was then applied to the primer layer at a thickness of 25 μm and then thermally cured. Based conductive coating is used in the market from CIMA (SANTE ^TM), which is obtained from the use of silver for Zhunnai Mi technology on the substrate. SANTE ^TM Percentage transmittance of 81.9%, was 4.27 percent haze, and resistance was 47.1 Ω.

The pattern formation was carried out at 60 ° C to 70 ° C for 1 minute and then at 120-140 ° C for 1 minute. Sintering can help reduce the surface resistance of the conductive coating. A photograph of the obtained sample can be seen in Figures 11A to 52B. Look for conditions with higher LT and lower haze. The elapsed time represents the amount of time that elapses before the conductive coating is applied to the primer and the resulting conductive film is subjected to transmittance, haze, and resistance tests.

As shown in Tables 8 through 9, acceptable conductive films were obtained with a low peak irradiance lamp in an inert environment (nitrogen) and a higher coating thickness. For example, a conductive film fabricated in an inert environment has a greater percentage of transmittance than a conductive film fabricated in an air environment. Furthermore, the haze of films produced in an inert environment is significantly lower than that of those formed in an air environment. In addition, comparing the examples in which the 2 μm primer coating was used in Table 8 and the 4 μm primer coating in Table 9, the conductive film incorporating the thicker primer coating improved the transmittance percentage, fog. Degree and resistance.

Tables 8 to 9 show that a conductive film having a thicker primer coating (4 μm) cured in an inert environment produces a higher quality conductive film, and Tables 10 to 11 illustrate the use of a higher power microwave UV lamp to expose even A thinner primer coating (2 μm) is acceptable in an air environment. However, a thicker (4 [mu]m) primer coating resulted in an increase in solvent resistance. Advantageously, the film embodiments cured in an air atmosphere in Table 11 are stable over time, which results in a more economical conductive film because curing in an inert environment is significantly more expensive.

Tables 12 to 13 illustrate the effect of further increasing the peak irradiance value. As the exposure time increases, the film temperature increases, which results in an increase in oxygen which results in detrimental surface cure. However, the samples under inert curing in Table 13 gave the best film.

It was observed that the microwave UV processor gave better results than the Arc lamp UV processor, two of which used H-bulb lamps. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is contemplated that the amount of IR energy produced by the Arc lamp UV processor can cause defects in the primer coating due to latent evaporation during UV exposure.

Inert curing conditions result in a higher degree of stability, lower haze than air cured samples at the same exposure and peak irradiance levels. However, the results demonstrate that the 4 micron coating thickness cured under exposure to RK coater microwave lamp and peak irradiance results in the most stable air cure conditions with acceptable optical properties.

An acceptable conductive film typically has a transmittance of greater than 75%, greater than 80%, greater than 85%, greater than 86%, or greater than 90%; less than 60 ohms/cm 2 , such as less than 55 ohms per square centimeter , or a resistance of 50 ohms/cm 2 ; and a percentage haze of less than 5%, less than 4%, less than 3.5%, or less than 3%.

Among them, FIG. 18B is an embodiment of an acceptable optimal pattern. As can be seen from the values of transmittance, haze and resistance with time in FIGS. 25A to 31A and 25B to 31B, and in accordance with Table 10, the electroconductive film of the present invention is stable over time. Therefore, the primer coating adhered to the substrate does not have to be coated immediately with the conductive layer.

Unless otherwise specified herein, any reference to standards, test methods, and the like (such as ASTM D1003, ASTM D3359, ASTM D3363) refer to standards or methods that are effective at the time of this application.

The disclosed compositions and methods of manufacture include at least the following embodiments:

Embodiment 1: a primer composition for a conductive nanoparticle dispersion, comprising: a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer; and an acrylate monomer; and a photoinitiator; and a solvent; wherein the primer composition Including the total weight, wherein 5% to 20% of the total weight comprises a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer, wherein 15% to 20% by weight of the total weight comprises acrylate monomers, wherein 1.5% to 6% of the total weight comprises photoinitiation 50% to 78% of the total weight of the agent; and the solvent thereof.

Embodiment 2: A primer composition of Embodiment 1, which additionally comprises a surface additive.

Embodiment 3: The primer composition of any one of Embodiments 1 to 2, wherein the polyfunctional acrylate oligomer comprises an aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomer, neopentyl alcohol tetraacrylate , an aliphatic urethane acrylate, an acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, an acrylated resin, trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, or the like a combination of at least one of them.

Embodiment 4: The primer composition of any one of Embodiments 1 to 3, wherein the polyfunctional acrylate oligomer comprises an aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomer and neopentyl alcohol tetraacrylate Wherein the polyfunctional acrylate oligomer comprises a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer weight, wherein from 30% to 50% by weight of the polyfunctional acrylate oligomer comprises an aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomer, 50% to 70% by weight of the polyfunctional acrylate oligomer therein and neopentyl alcohol tetraacrylate.

Embodiment 5: The primer composition of any of Embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the polyfunctional acrylate oligomer comprises an acrylated resin.

Embodiment 6: The primer composition of any of Embodiments 1 to 5, wherein the photoinitiator comprises an α-hydroxyketone photoinitiator, a diphosphonium phosphine, a diphenyl ketone photoinitiator, or a combination of at least one of them.

Embodiment 7: The primer composition of Embodiment 6, wherein the α-hydroxyketone photoinitiator is 1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl-ketone, diphenylketone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl- 1-Phenyl-1-propanone, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

Embodiment 8: The primer composition of Embodiment 6 wherein the photoinitiator comprises phosphine oxide, phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzylidene) (phosphine oxide, phenyl) Bis(2,4,6-trimethyl benzoyl)).

Embodiment 9: The primer composition of any of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the acrylate monomer comprises a monoacrylate, a diacrylate, a triacrylate, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

Embodiment 10: The primer composition of Embodiment 9, wherein the acrylate monomer comprises polyethylene glycol acrylate.

Embodiment 11: The primer composition of any of Embodiments 1 to 10, wherein the solvent comprises ethanol, ethyl acetate, isopropanol, isobutyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, A A methyl isobutyl ketone, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

Embodiment 12: The primer composition of any of Embodiments 1 to 11, wherein the composition has a transmittance of greater than or equal to 75% as measured according to ASTM D1003 Procedure A using CIE Standard Light Source C.

Embodiment 13: A primer composition of Embodiment 12, wherein the transmittance is greater than or equal to 86%.

Embodiment 14: The primer composition of any of Embodiments 1 to 13, wherein the primer composition has a haze value of less than or equal to 5% as measured according to ASTM D1003 Procedure A using CIE Standard Light Source C. .

Embodiment 15: The primer composition of Embodiment 14 wherein the haze is less than or equal to 3%.

The primer composition of any one of aspects 1 to 15, wherein the primer composition has a resistivity of less than or equal to 75 ohm/sq.

Embodiment 17: The primer composition of Embodiment 16 wherein the resistivity is less than or equal to 50 ohm/sq.

Embodiment 18: The primer composition of any of Embodiments 1 to 17, wherein the primer composition is adhered to the polycarbonate substrate having an adhesion strength greater than or equal to 3B as measured according to ASTM D3359.

Embodiment 19: The primer composition of any of Embodiments 1 to 18, wherein the primer composition is adhered to the polycarbonate substrate having an adhesive strength of greater than or equal to 4B as measured according to ASTM D3359.

Embodiment 20: The primer composition of any of Embodiments 1 to 19, wherein the primer composition is adhered to a polycarbonate substrate having an adhesive strength of 5B as measured according to ASTM D3359.

Embodiment 20: a conductive sheet or film comprising: a substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface; a primer composition of any one of Embodiments 1 to 20 attached to the first surface; and a primer A conductive coating adjacent to the composition, wherein the conductive coating comprises nano-sized metal particles in a mesh configuration, and wherein the conductive coating has a surface resistance of less than or equal to 0.1 Ohm/sq.

Embodiment 21: The conductive sheet or film of Embodiment 21, wherein the substrate comprises polycarbonate, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polyethylene, glass, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

Embodiment 22: The conductive sheet or film of any one of Embodiments 21 to 22, wherein the sheet or film has a pencil hardness of greater than or equal to B as measured according to ASTM D3363 using a Mitsubishi Uni pencil having a load of 500 kg.

Embodiment 23: The conductive sheet or film of any one of Embodiments 21 to 23, wherein the sheet or film has a haze of less than or equal to 4% as measured according to ASTM D1003 Procedure A using CIE Standard Light Source C.

Embodiment 24: The conductive sheet or film of any of Embodiments 21 to 24, wherein the sheet or film has an incident light having a frequency of 430 THz to 790 THz having a greater than or greater than that measured according to ASTM D1003 Procedure A using CIE Standard Light Source C Equal to 80% transmittance.

Embodiment 25: A method of curing a coating in an inert atmosphere, comprising: forming a primer coating from a composition for a conductive nanoparticle composition, wherein the composition comprises a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer; an acrylate a monomer; a photoinitiator; and a solvent; wherein the primer composition comprises a total weight, wherein 5% to 20% by weight of the total weight comprises a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer, wherein 15% to 20% by weight of the total weight comprises acrylic acid The ester monomer, wherein 1.5% to 6% by weight of the total weight comprises a photoinitiator; and 50% to 78% of the total weight thereof comprises a solvent; applying a primer coating to the surface of the substrate to form a coated substrate; to have at least 1500 A milliwatt irradiance ultraviolet light applies an illumination to the primer coating; and cures the coating.

Embodiment 26: The method of Embodiment 26, wherein the peak irradiance is 1500-2500 milliwatts.

The method of any one of aspects 26 to 27, wherein the curing time is from 60 seconds to 180 seconds.

Embodiment 28: The method of Embodiment 28, wherein the curing time is 120 seconds.

The method of any one of aspects 26 to 29, wherein the curing temperature is from 125 ° C to 200 ° C.

Embodiment 30: The method of Embodiment 30, wherein the curing temperature is 140 °C.

The method of any one of aspects 26 to 31, wherein the primer coating has a thickness of from 10 micrometers to 50 micrometers.

Embodiment 32: The method of Embodiment 32, wherein the primer coating has a thickness of 25 microns.

The method of any one of aspects 26 to 33, wherein the substrate comprises a protective coating on a surface opposite the surface of the coating.

The method of any one of aspects 26 to 34, further comprising exposing the coated substrate to a temperature of from 25 ° C to 100 ° C prior to irradiation.

Embodiment 35: The method of Embodiment 35, wherein the exposure occurs for 30 seconds to 90 seconds.

The method of any one of aspects 26 to 36, wherein the substrate has a thickness of from 150 micrometers to 250 micrometers.

Embodiment 37: The method of Embodiment 37, wherein the substrate has a thickness of 175 μm.

The method of any one of aspects 26 to 38, wherein the coated substrate has a transmittance of greater than or equal to 75% as measured according to ASTM D1003 Procedure A using CIE Standard Light Source C, after curing. .

Embodiment 39: The method of Embodiment 39, wherein the transmittance is greater than or equal to 80%.

The method of any one of aspects 26 to 40, wherein the coated substrate has a haze of less than or equal to 5% as measured according to ASTM D1003 Procedure A using CIE Standard Light Source C, after curing. value.

Embodiment 41: The method of Embodiment 41, wherein the haze is less than or equal to 3%.

The method of any one of aspects 26 to 42, wherein the coated substrate has a resistivity of less than or equal to 75 Ohm/sq after curing.

Embodiment 43: The method of Embodiment 43 wherein the resistivity is less than or equal to 50 ohm/sq.

The method of any one of aspects 26 to 44, wherein the coated substrate adheres to the polycarbonate substrate after curing, having an adhesion strength greater than or equal to 4B as measured according to ASTM D3359.

The method of any one of aspects 26 to 45, wherein the coated substrate adheres to the polycarbonate substrate after curing, having an adhesive strength of 5B as measured according to ASTM D3359.

Embodiment 46: a conductive sheet or film comprising: a coated substrate, wherein the coated substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface, wherein a primer coating adheres to the first surface; and a primer composition Adjacent conductive coatings, wherein the conductive coating comprises nano-sized metal particles in a mesh configuration, and wherein the conductive coating has a surface resistance of less than or equal to 0.1 Ohm/sq.

Embodiment 47: The conductive sheet or film of Embodiment 47, wherein the substrate comprises polycarbonate, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polyethylene, glass, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

Embodiment 48: The conductive sheet or film of any one of Embodiments 47 to 48, wherein the sheet or film has a pencil hardness of greater than or equal to H as measured according to ASTM D3363 using a Mitsubishi Uni pencil having a 1 kg load.

Embodiment 49: The conductive sheet or film of any of Embodiments 47 to 49, wherein the sheet or film has a haze of less than or equal to 6% as measured according to ASTM D1003 Procedure A using CIE Standard Light Source C.

Embodiment 50: The conductive sheet or film of any of Embodiments 47 to 50, wherein the sheet or film has an incident light having a frequency of 430 THz to 790 THz having a greater than or greater than that measured according to ASTM D1003 Procedure A using CIE Standard Light Source C Equal to 80% transmittance.

Embodiment 51: The conductive sheet or film of any one of Embodiments 47 to 51, wherein the sheet or film has a surface resistance change of less than or equal to 4 ohms as measured according to ASTM D257 after boiling for 2 hours in water.

Embodiment 52: A method of forming a conductive sheet or film of any one of Embodiments 47 to 52, comprising: forming a primer coating from a composition for a conductive nanoparticle composition, wherein the composition comprises a plurality of a functional acrylate oligomer; an acrylate monomer; a photoinitiator; and a solvent; wherein the primer composition comprises a total weight, wherein 5% to 20% by weight of the total weight comprises a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer, wherein 15% to 20% by weight of the total acrylate monomer, wherein 1.5% to 6% by weight of the total weight comprises a photoinitiator; and 50% to 78% of the total weight thereof comprises a solvent; applying a primer coating to the surface of the substrate to form The coated substrate; applying an illumination to the primer coating in an inert atmosphere with an ultraviolet lamp having a peak irradiance of at least 600 milliwatts; and curing the coating.

Embodiment 54: The method of Embodiment 53 wherein the inert atmosphere comprises a gas selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, argon, helium, carbon dioxide, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

Embodiment 55: The method of Embodiment 54 wherein the inert atmosphere comprises nitrogen.

Embodiment 56: A method of forming a conductive sheet or film comprising a nanoparticle dispersion of any one of Embodiments 47 to 52, comprising: forming a primer coating from a composition for a conductive nanoparticle composition Wherein the composition comprises a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer; an acrylate monomer; a photoinitiator; and a solvent; wherein the primer composition comprises a total weight, wherein 5% to 20% by weight of the total comprises polyfunctional acrylate An oligomer, wherein 15% to 20% by weight of the total weight comprises an acrylate monomer, wherein 1.5% to 6% by weight of the total weight comprises a photoinitiator; and 50% to 78% of the total weight thereof comprises a solvent; applying a primer coating To the first surface of the substrate to form a coated substrate; applying a irradiation to the primer coating with a microwave powered ultraviolet lamp, wherein the irradiation is applied in an inert atmosphere; curing the coating to form a cured coated substrate; aging a cured coated substrate; applying a conductive coating to the coated substrate on the surface of the first substrate; and pressing the coated substrate with a conductive coating to form a stack, wherein the primer coating system Configured in both Between; and the conductive coating was cured by heating the stack to the coated substrate, wherein the primer coating and the conductive coating remains adhered to the substrate by the coating.

Embodiment 57: The method of Embodiment 56, comprising applying a protective material to a surface of a conductive substrate.

The method of any one of aspects 56 to 57, comprising trimming a conductive substrate.

The method of any one of aspects 56 to 58, wherein the pressing comprises a press pressing, a belt pressing, a double belt pressing, and a stamping (stamping) ), die pressing, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

The method of any one of aspects 56 to 59, wherein the heating further comprises heating to greater than 70 °C.

The invention may generally comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of any suitable components described herein. The invention may be additionally or alternatively formulated such that it does not, or is substantially free of, any of the components, materials, ingredients, adjuvants or substances used in the prior art compositions, or otherwise / or the goal is not required.

All ranges disclosed herein are inclusive of the endpoints and the endpoints can be combined independently of each other (e.g., up to 25% by weight, or more particularly from 5% to 20% by weight, inclusive of the endpoints and from 5% to 25 percent by weight. All intermediate values in the range of % by weight, etc.). Tantalum combinations include blends, mixtures, alloys, reaction products, and the like. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, and are used to represent different elements. The terms 〝 a 〞 〝 〝 〝 〝 〝 〝 〝 〝 〝 不 不 不 不 不 不 不 不 不 不 不 不 不 不 不 不 不 〝 〝 〝 〝 〝 〝 〝 〝 〝 〝 〝 〝 〝 〝 且 且 且 且 且 且Contradictory context. The suffix (s) as used herein is intended to include both the singular and the plural of the terms which are modified, and thus includes one or more of the terms (eg, the film (s) includes one or more films). Throughout the specification, an embodiment, an embodiment, an embodiment, and the like are meant to refer to particular elements (such as features, structures, and/or features) described in the embodiments. It is included in at least one of the embodiments described herein and may or may not be present in other embodiments. In addition, it is to be understood that the described elements may be combined in various embodiments in any suitable manner.

Although specific implementations have been described, alternatives, modifications, variations, improvements and substantial equivalents that are not or may not be presently contemplated may be discovered by those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to cover all such alternatives, modifications, variations,

Claims (20)

 A primer composition for a conductive nanoparticle dispersion, comprising: a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer; and an acrylate monomer; and a photoinitiator; and a solvent; The primer composition includes a total weight, wherein 5% to 20% of the total weight comprises a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer, wherein 15% to 20% of the total weight comprises an acrylate monomer, wherein the total weight 1.5% to 6% of the photoinitiator is included; and 50% to 78% of the total weight thereof comprises a solvent.    The primer composition of claim 1, wherein the polyfunctional acrylate oligomer comprises an aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomer, neopentyl alcohol tetraacrylate , aliphatic urethane acrylate, acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, acrylated resin, trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), dipentaerythritol An alcohol pentaacrylate, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing, preferably wherein the polyfunctional acrylate oligomer comprises an aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomer and neopentyl alcohol tetraacrylate, Wherein the polyfunctional acrylate oligomer comprises a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer weight, wherein from 30% to 50% by weight of the polyfunctional acrylate oligomer comprises an aliphatic urethane acrylate oligomer And wherein 50% to 70% by weight of the polyfunctional acrylate oligomer comprises pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, more preferably wherein the polyfunctional acrylate oligomer comprises an acrylated tree .    The primer composition according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the photoinitiator comprises an α-hydroxyketone photoinitiator, a bis acyl phosphine, and a second A benzophenone photoinitiator, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.    The primer composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the acrylate monomer comprises a monoacrylate, a diacrylate, a triacrylate, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing, Preferably, the acrylate monomer comprises polyethylene glycol acrylate.    The primer composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the solvent comprises ethanol, ethyl acetate, isopropanol, isobutyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, A methyl isobutyl ketone, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.    The primer composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the composition has a transmission greater than or equal to 75% as measured according to ASTM D1003 Procedure A using CIE Standard Light Source C. Preferably, the transmittance is greater than or equal to 86%.    The primer composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the primer composition has a haze value of less than or equal to 5% as measured according to ASTM D1003 Procedure A using CIE Standard Light Source C. Haze value, preferably wherein the haze is less than or equal to 3%.    The primer composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the primer composition has an electrical resistivity of less than or equal to 75 ohm/sq, preferably wherein the resistivity is less than or Equal to 50 ohm/sq.    A method of curing a coating comprising: forming a primer coating from a composition for a conductive nanoparticle composition, wherein the composition comprises a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer, an acrylate monomer, a photoinitiator, and a solvent Wherein the primer composition comprises a total weight, wherein 5% to 20% of the total weight comprises a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer, wherein 15% to 20% of the total weight comprises an acrylate monomer, wherein the total 1.5% to 6% by weight of the photoinitiator; and 50% to 78% of the total weight thereof comprises a solvent; applying the primer coating to the surface of the substrate to form a coated substrate; having a peak of at least 1500 milliwatts An irradiance ultraviolet lamp applies an illumination to the primer coating; and the coating is cured.    The method of claim 9, wherein the peak irradiance is 1500 to 2500 milliwatts.    The method according to any one of claims 9 to 10, wherein the curing time is from 60 seconds to 180 seconds, preferably wherein the curing time is 120 seconds.    The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the curing temperature is from 125 ° C to 200 ° C, preferably wherein the curing temperature is 140 ° C.    The method of any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the primer coating has a thickness of from 10 micrometers to 50 micrometers, preferably wherein the primer coating has a thickness of 25 micrometers.    A conductive sheet or film comprising: a coated substrate, wherein the coated substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface, wherein a primer coating adheres to the first surface; and the primer composition An adjacent conductive coating, wherein the conductive coating comprises a nano-sized metal particle in a network configuration, and wherein the conductive coating has a surface resistance of less than or equal to 0.1 Ohm/sq.    A conductive sheet or film according to claim 14 wherein the substrate comprises polycarbonate, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polyethylene, glass, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.    A conductive sheet or film according to any one of claims 14 to 15, wherein the sheet or film has a haze of less than or equal to 4% as measured according to ASTM D1003 Procedure A using CIE Standard Light Source C.    A method of forming a conductive sheet or film according to any one of claims 14 to 16, comprising: forming a primer coating from a composition for a conductive nanoparticle composition, wherein the composition comprises a polyfunctional An acrylate oligomer, an acrylate monomer, a photoinitiator, and a solvent; wherein the primer composition comprises a total weight, wherein 5% to 20% of the total weight comprises a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer, wherein the total 15% to 20% by weight of the acrylate monomer, wherein 1.5% to 6% of the total weight comprises a photoinitiator; and 50% to 78% of the total weight thereof comprises a solvent; applying the primer coating to the surface of the substrate Forming a coated substrate; applying an illumination to the primer coating in an inert atmosphere with an ultraviolet lamp having a peak irradiance of at least 600 milliwatts; and curing the coating.    The method of claim 17, wherein the inert atmosphere comprises a gas selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, argon, helium, carbon dioxide, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing, preferably wherein the inert atmosphere comprises nitrogen. .    A method of forming a conductive sheet or film comprising a nanoparticle dispersion according to any one of claims 14 to 16, which comprises: forming a primer coating from a composition for a conductive nanoparticle composition, Wherein the composition comprises a polyfunctional acrylate oligomer, an acrylate monomer, a photoinitiator, and a solvent; wherein the primer composition comprises a total weight, wherein 5% to 20% of the total weight comprises polyfunctional acrylic acid An ester oligomer, wherein 15% to 20% by weight of the total weight comprises an acrylate monomer, wherein 1.5% to 6% of the total weight comprises a photoinitiator; and 50% to 78% of the total weight thereof comprises a solvent; Applying the primer coating to the first surface of the substrate to form a coated substrate; applying the irradiation to the primer coating with a microwave powered ultraviolet lamp, wherein the irradiation is applied in an inert atmosphere; curing the coating to form a cured a coated substrate; aging the cured coated substrate; applying a conductive coating to the coated substrate on the first surface of the substrate; and coating the coated substrate with The conductive coating is pressed together to Forming a stack, wherein the primer coating is disposed between the two; and curing the conductive coating to the coated substrate by heating the stack, wherein the primer coating and the conductive coating Keep adhering to the coated substrate.    The method of claim 19, comprising applying a protective material to the surface of the conductive substrate.