TW201810859A - Charging device - Google Patents
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- TW201810859A TW201810859A TW106119668A TW106119668A TW201810859A TW 201810859 A TW201810859 A TW 201810859A TW 106119668 A TW106119668 A TW 106119668A TW 106119668 A TW106119668 A TW 106119668A TW 201810859 A TW201810859 A TW 201810859A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
Abstract
Description
本發明係有關鎳氫二次電池等二次電池之充電裝置。 The present invention relates to a charging device for a secondary battery such as a nickel-hydrogen secondary battery.
鎳氫二次電池等之二次電池，係可以藉由充電而重複使用，且於種種的領域廣泛被利用。在充電這樣的二次電池之充電裝置，除了充電二次電池，還有必要適切地控制充電電壓及充電電流。於是，在以盡可能短時間使二次電池的充電結束上，在二次電池不會劣化之範圍，最好是以盡可能大的充電電流來進行充電。 Secondary batteries such as nickel-metal hydride secondary batteries are reusable by charging and are widely used in various fields. In a charging device for charging such a secondary battery, in addition to charging the secondary battery, it is necessary to appropriately control a charging voltage and a charging current. Therefore, in order to complete the charging of the secondary battery in the shortest possible time, it is desirable to charge the battery with a charging current as large as possible in a range where the secondary battery does not deteriorate.
但是，往充電二次電池的充電裝置供給電力之輸入電源，其電力供給能力未必固定之場合也不少。在例如該輸入電源也往其他機器供給電力，而且該機器的負載得以變動之類的場合，使可以往充電裝置供給的最大電力得以變動。因此在例如充電裝置，在作成以通常在最短時間下可以充電的最大充電電流大小將二次電池充電之構成時，在輸入電源的電力供給能力不足而輸入電源的電壓降低時，會產生無法得到最小限必要的電壓的充電電壓而無法使二次電池的充電不中斷之疑慮。 However, there are many cases where the input power source for supplying power to a charging device for charging a secondary battery does not necessarily have a fixed power supply capacity. For example, when the input power supply also supplies power to other devices and the load of the device is changed, the maximum power that can be supplied to the charging device is changed. Therefore, for example, when a charging device is configured to charge a secondary battery with a maximum charging current that can be charged in the shortest time, when the power supply capacity of the input power source is insufficient and the voltage of the input power source is reduced, it may not be obtained There is a concern that the minimum necessary charging voltage does not prevent the charging of the secondary battery from being interrupted.
作為以解決這樣的課題為目的之從前技術之一例，公知係一種在以DC-DC轉換器的輸出電壓將二次電池充電時，因應輸入電源之太陽電池等之電壓的變動來調整DC-DC轉換器的輸出電流特性(電壓垂下開始電流)之電源裝置(例如參照專利文獻1)。此外，作為其他從前技術，公知係一種在二次電池充電中檢測出輸入電壓降低時，進行判定可否以現在的充電電流繼續二次電池的充電之演算處理，因應該演算處理結果，變更充電電流控制手段的演算增幅電路之設定並將充電電流設定為低的數值之充電裝置(例如參照專利文獻2)。 As an example of the prior art for solving such a problem, it is known to adjust a DC-DC in response to a change in voltage of a solar battery or the like inputted to a power source when a secondary battery is charged with an output voltage of a DC-DC converter. A power supply device for output current characteristics (voltage drop start current) of a converter (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In addition, as other previous technologies, it is known to perform a calculation process for determining whether or not to continue charging the secondary battery at the current charging current when a decrease in the input voltage is detected during the charging of the secondary battery. The charging current is changed in accordance with the calculation processing result A charging device that calculates the setting of the amplification means of the control means and sets the charging current to a low value (for example, refer to Patent Document 2).
[專利文獻1]日本特開2006-014526號公報 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-014526
[專利文獻2]日本特開2006-129619號公報 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-129619
然而，上述的先前技術，由於都是裝置構成規模大且控制程序複雜，所以其課題在於充電裝置的小型化及低成本化困難。 However, in the above-mentioned prior arts, since the device configuration is large and the control program is complicated, the problem is that it is difficult to reduce the size and cost of the charging device.
本發明係有鑑於此類之狀況而作成，其目的在於，實現即使輸入電源的電力供給能力變動也可繼續充電二次電池之充電裝置的小型化及低成本化。 The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and an object thereof is to reduce the size and cost of a charging device that can continue to charge a secondary battery even if the power supply capability of an input power source changes.
為了達成上述之目的，本發明之充電裝置，係具備將由輸入電源供給的直流電力變換成定電壓的直流電力之DC-DC轉換器，以前述DC-DC轉換器所輸出的直流電壓將二次電池充電之充電電路，檢出前述輸入電源的電壓之電源電壓檢出電路，設定前述DC-DC轉換器輸出電壓之輸出電壓設定電路，與根據前述輸入電源的電壓，控制前述充電電路及前述輸出電壓設定電路之控制裝置；前述充電電路，係串聯地連接在前述二次電池，包含限制前述二次電池充電電流之充電電流限制電阻；前述充電電流限制電阻，係具有在前述DC-DC轉換器的輸出電壓是額定充電電壓時前述二次電池的充電電流成為最大充電電流之電阻值；前述控制裝置，係將前述DC-DC轉換器輸出電壓設定為前述額定充電電壓並開始充電前述二次電池，以前述輸入電源的電壓降低到第1閾值電壓以下為條件，並以將前述二次電池的充電電流限制為比前述最大充電電流低的電流之方式，將前述DC-DC轉換器輸出電壓設定為比前述額定充電電壓低的充電電壓。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the charging device of the present invention includes a DC-DC converter that converts DC power supplied from an input power source into DC power of a constant voltage. The DC voltage output by the DC-DC converter is secondary. A charging circuit for charging a battery, a power supply voltage detection circuit that detects the voltage of the input power, an output voltage setting circuit that sets the output voltage of the DC-DC converter, and controls the charging circuit and the output according to the voltage of the input power A control device for a voltage setting circuit; the charging circuit is connected in series to the secondary battery and includes a charging current limiting resistor that limits the charging current of the secondary battery; the charging current limiting resistor is provided with the DC-DC converter The output voltage is the resistance value at which the charging current of the secondary battery becomes the maximum charging current at the rated charging voltage; the control device is to set the output voltage of the DC-DC converter to the rated charging voltage and start charging the secondary battery On condition that the voltage of the aforementioned input power source drops below the first threshold voltage And a charging current to the secondary battery is lower than the limit for the maximum charging current of the current embodiment, the aforementioned DC-DC converter output voltage is set lower than the rated charging voltage of the charging voltage.
二次電池的充電，將充電電壓設定為額定充電電壓並被開始。藉此，二次電池是以最大充電電流被定電流充電。此時，二次電池的充電電壓，最好是慢慢地升高直到額定充電電壓。在此，最大充電電流，係例如可以在二次電池不劣化的範圍下流動的充電電流的最大值，可 以在最短時間下充電二次電池的電流大小。從而，如果在輸入電源的電力供給能力上十分充裕，且到二次電池的充電狀態成為充滿電為止能以最大充電電流進行充電，則可以在最短時間將二次電池充滿電。 The charging of the secondary battery is started by setting the charging voltage to the rated charging voltage. Thereby, the secondary battery is charged with a constant current at a maximum charging current. At this time, it is preferable that the charging voltage of the secondary battery is gradually increased to the rated charging voltage. Here, the maximum charging current is, for example, the maximum value of the charging current that can flow in a range where the secondary battery does not deteriorate, and may be To charge the secondary battery in the shortest time. Therefore, if the power supply capability of the input power source is sufficiently abundant, and the secondary battery can be charged with the maximum charging current until the state of charge of the secondary battery becomes fully charged, the secondary battery can be fully charged in the shortest time.
另一方面，在輸入電源的電力供給能力不足而輸入電源的電壓降低到第1閾值電壓以下之場合，以二次電池的充電電流被限制為比最大充電電流低的電流之方式，把充電電壓設定為比額定充電電壓低的電壓並繼續進行二次電池的充電。此時的充電電壓，比額定充電電壓低的電壓、而且可將二次電池到充滿電為止以最適的充電電流進行充電之大小的電壓。藉由使二次電池的充電電壓下降到比額定充電電壓低的充電電壓，形成以比最大充電電流小的電流進行二次電池的定電流充電，結果，於二次電池的充電被消耗的電力會變小。 On the other hand, when the power supply capacity of the input power source is insufficient and the voltage of the input power source falls below the first threshold voltage, the charging voltage is limited such that the charging current of the secondary battery is lower than the maximum charging current. The battery is set to a voltage lower than the rated charging voltage and charging of the secondary battery is continued. The charging voltage at this time is a voltage lower than the rated charging voltage, and a voltage that can charge the secondary battery with an optimal charging current until fully charged. When the charging voltage of the secondary battery is lowered to a charging voltage lower than the rated charging voltage, a constant current charging of the secondary battery is performed at a current smaller than the maximum charging current. As a result, the power consumed in the charging of the secondary battery is consumed. Will become smaller.
換言之，在輸入電源的電力供給能力降低時，由於在二次電池的充電被消耗的電力會變小，所以只這部分的充電時間會增加，但可以維持必要最小限的電壓以上的充電電壓並繼續二次電池的充電。藉此，由於在輸入電源的電力供給能力降低時，可以減低二次電池的充電電壓降低到未滿必要最小限的電壓而不得不使二次電池的充電中斷之疑慮，所以即使輸入電源的電力供給能力變動也可以繼續二次電池的充電。 In other words, when the power supply capacity of the input power source is reduced, the power consumed in charging the secondary battery will be reduced, so only this part of the charging time will be increased, but the charging voltage above the minimum required voltage can be maintained and Continue to charge the secondary battery. As a result, when the power supply capacity of the input power source is reduced, the fear that the charging voltage of the secondary battery is reduced to a voltage that is less than the necessary minimum and the charge of the secondary battery has to be interrupted is avoided. It is also possible to continue charging the secondary battery by changing the supply capacity.
於是，在關於本發明之充電裝置，二次電池的充電電壓，會依照DC-DC轉換器的輸出電壓而受限制， 二次電池的充電電流，則依照串聯連接在二次電池的電流限制電阻而受限制。因此，在二次電池的充電被消耗的電力，就會藉著可變設定DC-DC轉換器的輸出電壓而自動地被調整增減。換言之，關於本發明之充電裝置，由於係以二次電池的充電電流被限制為比最大充電電流低的電流之方式，可變設定DC-DC轉換器的輸出電壓來因應輸入電源的電壓降低之簡單的構成，所以可以小型化且低成本構成即使輸入電源的電力供給能力變動也可繼續充電二次電池之充電裝置。 Therefore, in the charging device of the present invention, the charging voltage of the secondary battery is limited according to the output voltage of the DC-DC converter. The charging current of the secondary battery is limited in accordance with the current limiting resistance of the secondary battery connected in series. Therefore, the power consumed during the charging of the secondary battery is automatically adjusted by increasing or decreasing the output voltage of the DC-DC converter. In other words, regarding the charging device of the present invention, since the charging current of the secondary battery is limited to a current lower than the maximum charging current, the output voltage of the DC-DC converter can be set variably to reduce the voltage corresponding to the input power source. Because of its simple structure, it is possible to reduce the size and cost of a charging device that can continue to charge the secondary battery even if the power supply capacity of the input power source changes.
根據本發明，可以實現即使輸入電源的電力供給能力變動也可繼續充電二次電池之充電裝置的小型化及低成本化。 According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size and cost of a charging device that can continue to charge a secondary battery even if the power supply capability of an input power source changes.
10‧‧‧充電裝置 10‧‧‧ Charging device
11‧‧‧DC-DC轉換器 11‧‧‧DC-DC converter
12‧‧‧充電電路 12‧‧‧Charging circuit
13‧‧‧電源電壓檢出電路 13‧‧‧Power supply voltage detection circuit
14‧‧‧輸出電壓設定電路 14‧‧‧Output voltage setting circuit
15‧‧‧充電控制部 15‧‧‧Charge Control Department
20‧‧‧二次電池 20‧‧‧ secondary battery
141‧‧‧分壓電路 141‧‧‧Divided voltage circuit
142‧‧‧分壓比變更電路 142‧‧‧Dividing voltage ratio changing circuit
R8‧‧‧充電電流限制電阻 R8‧‧‧Charging current limiting resistor
圖1係圖示關於本發明之充電裝置之構成電路圖。 FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration of a charging device according to the present invention.
圖2係圖示輸入電源的電力供給能力十分充裕之場合下充電控制之一例之時間圖。 FIG. 2 is a timing chart illustrating an example of charging control when the power supply capacity of the input power source is sufficiently abundant.
圖3係圖示輸入電源的電力供給能力不足之場合下充電控制之一例之時間圖。 FIG. 3 is a timing chart illustrating an example of charging control in a case where the power supply capacity of an input power source is insufficient.
圖4係圖示在二次電池充電中輸入電源的電力供給能力已回復之場合下充電控制之一例之時間圖。 FIG. 4 is a timing chart illustrating an example of charging control when the power supply capability of the input power source has been restored during secondary battery charging.
圖5係圖示輸出電壓設定電路重要部分之電路圖。 FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram illustrating an important part of the output voltage setting circuit.
圖6係圖示輸出電壓設定電路重要部分之電路圖。 FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram illustrating an important part of the output voltage setting circuit.
以下，參照圖式同時說明本發明之實施型態。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
又，本發明並不特別以以下說明之實施例為限，當然在專利申請範圍所記載之發明範圍內可以有種種的變形。 In addition, the present invention is not particularly limited to the embodiments described below, and of course, various modifications can be made within the scope of the invention described in the scope of the patent application.
參照圖1同時說明關於本發明之充電裝置10之構成。 The configuration of a charging device 10 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1.
圖1係圖示關於本發明之充電裝置10之構成電路圖。 FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration of a charging device 10 according to the present invention.
充電裝置10，係具備DC-DC轉換器11、充電電路12，電源電壓檢出電路13，輸出電壓設定電路14、與充電控制部15。二次電池20，係例如鎳氫二次電池等之二次電池。 The charging device 10 includes a DC-DC converter 11, a charging circuit 12, a power supply voltage detection circuit 13, an output voltage setting circuit 14, and a charging control unit 15. The secondary battery 20 is a secondary battery such as a nickel-hydrogen secondary battery.
DC-DC轉換器11，係將由輸入端子IN與連接在接地端子GND的輸入電源(省略圖示)供給之直流電力變換成定電壓的直流電力之定電壓電源。更具體而言，DC-DC轉換器11，係將充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve降壓並定電壓輸出之降壓轉換器。DC-DC轉換器11，並不特別以降壓轉換器為限，例如也可以是昇壓轉換器、抑或昇降壓轉換器。 The DC-DC converter 11 is a constant-voltage power supply that converts direct-current power supplied from an input terminal IN and an input power source (not shown) connected to the ground terminal GND into constant-voltage direct-current power. More specifically, the DC-DC converter 11 is a step-down converter that reduces the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10 and outputs a constant voltage. The DC-DC converter 11 is not particularly limited to a buck converter, and may be, for example, a boost converter or a buck-boost converter.
充電電路12，係以DC-DC轉換器11所輸出的直流電壓來充電二次電池20之電路，包含電晶體Q1及充電 電流限制電阻R8。電晶體Q1，係打開或關閉從DC-DC轉換器11往二次電池20的充電路徑之半導體開關，在該實施例為NPN型雙極電晶體。電晶體Q1，集極會連接在DC-DC轉換器11的輸出，發射器則連接在二次電池20的正極。此外，電晶體Q1，基極被連接在充電控制部15，利用充電控制部15進行ON/OFF控制。 The charging circuit 12 is a circuit for charging the secondary battery 20 with a DC voltage output from the DC-DC converter 11, and includes a transistor Q1 and charging. Current limiting resistor R8. Transistor Q1 is a semiconductor switch that opens or closes the charging path from the DC-DC converter 11 to the secondary battery 20, and in this embodiment is an NPN type bipolar transistor. The transistor Q1 has a collector connected to the output of the DC-DC converter 11 and a transmitter connected to the positive electrode of the secondary battery 20. In addition, the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the charge control unit 15, and ON / OFF control is performed by the charge control unit 15.
充電電流限制電阻R8，係一種串聯地連接在二次電池20、限制二次電池20的充電電流Iout之電阻。充電電流限制電阻R8，係具有在DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓為額定充電電壓V1時使二次電池20的充電電流Iout成為最大充電電流(第1充電電流I1(圖2~圖4)之電阻值。 The charging current limiting resistor R8 is a resistor connected in series to the secondary battery 20 and limiting the charging current Iout of the secondary battery 20. The charging current limiting resistor R8 has a charging current Iout that maximizes the charging current of the secondary battery 20 when the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 11 is the rated charging voltage V1 (the first charging current I1 (Figures 2 to 4)). The resistance value.
電源電壓檢出電路13，係一種檢出充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve之電路，一種包含2個電阻R1、R2之分壓電路。電阻R1，一端連接在輸入端子IN，另一端則連接在電阻R2的一端。電阻R2的另一端，會連接在接地端子GND。電阻R1與電阻R2的連接點，連接在充電控制部15。 The power supply voltage detection circuit 13 is a circuit that detects the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10 and a voltage dividing circuit including two resistors R1 and R2. One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the input terminal IN, and the other end is connected to one end of the resistor R2. The other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the ground terminal GND. A connection point between the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 is connected to the charge control unit 15.
輸出電壓設定電路14，係一種設定DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓之電路，包含分壓電路141及分壓比變更電路142。 The output voltage setting circuit 14 is a circuit for setting the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 11, and includes a voltage dividing circuit 141 and a voltage dividing ratio changing circuit 142.
分壓電路141，係一種將DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓分壓之電路，包含2個電阻R3、R4。電阻R3，一端連接在DC-DC轉換器11的輸出，另一端則連接在電阻R4的一端。電阻R4的另一端，會連接在接地端子GND。電阻 R3與電阻R4的連接點(分壓點)，係連接在DC-DC轉換器11的反饋控制端子。DC-DC轉換器11，係以維持電阻R3與電阻R4的連接點的電壓於指定電壓之方式控制輸出電壓。 The voltage dividing circuit 141 is a circuit that divides the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 11 and includes two resistors R3 and R4. One end of the resistor R3 is connected to the output of the DC-DC converter 11, and the other end is connected to one end of the resistor R4. The other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the ground terminal GND. resistance The connection point (voltage division point) between R3 and resistor R4 is connected to the feedback control terminal of the DC-DC converter 11. The DC-DC converter 11 controls the output voltage such that the voltage at the connection point between the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 is maintained at a specified voltage.
分壓比變更電路142，係一種變更分壓電路141的分壓比之電路，包含3個電阻R5~R7及電晶體Q2。電阻R5，一端會連接在電阻R3與電阻R4的連接點，另一端則連接在電晶體Q2的集極。電阻R6，一端連接在DC-DC轉換器11的輸出，另一端則連接在電阻R7的一端。電阻R7的另一端，連接在充電控制部15。在該電阻R7與充電控制部15之間，連接放大器或D/A轉換器亦可。電晶體Q2，係打開或關閉電阻R5對分壓電路141的電阻R3之並聯連接之半導體開關，在該實施例為PNP型雙極電晶體。電晶體Q2，集極會連接在電阻R5的另一端，發射器則連接在DC-DC轉換器11的輸出，基極連接在電阻R6與電阻R7的連接點。 The voltage dividing ratio changing circuit 142 is a circuit that changes the voltage dividing ratio of the voltage dividing circuit 141 and includes three resistors R5 to R7 and a transistor Q2. One end of the resistor R5 is connected to the connection point between the resistor R3 and the resistor R4, and the other end is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2. One end of the resistor R6 is connected to the output of the DC-DC converter 11, and the other end is connected to one end of the resistor R7. The other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the charge control unit 15. An amplifier or a D / A converter may be connected between the resistor R7 and the charge control unit 15. Transistor Q2 is a semiconductor switch that opens or closes the resistor R5 in parallel to the resistor R3 of the voltage divider circuit 141. In this embodiment, it is a PNP bipolar transistor. In the transistor Q2, the collector is connected to the other end of the resistor R5, the transmitter is connected to the output of the DC-DC converter 11, and the base is connected to the connection point of the resistor R6 and the resistor R7.
充電控制部15，係一種公知的微電腦控制裝置，執行二次電池20的充電控制之控制裝置。此外，充電控制部15，微電腦控制裝置之外也可以是使用放大器之控制電路。充電控制部15，進而根據充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve來控制充電電路12及輸出電壓設定電路14。更具體而言，充電控制部15，係根據電阻R1與電阻R2的連接點的電壓，來執行電晶體Q1的ON/OFF控制、電晶體Q2的基極電流控制。 The charging control unit 15 is a well-known microcomputer control device that controls the charging control of the secondary battery 20. The charging control unit 15 may be a control circuit using an amplifier other than the microcomputer control device. The charging control unit 15 further controls the charging circuit 12 and the output voltage setting circuit 14 based on the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10. More specifically, the charge control unit 15 performs ON / OFF control of the transistor Q1 and base current control of the transistor Q2 based on the voltage at the connection point between the resistor R1 and the resistor R2.
參照圖2~圖4同時說明充電裝置10之動作。 The operation of the charging device 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4.
圖2係圖示充電裝置10的動作之時間圖，圖示輸入電源的電力供給能力十分充裕之場合下充電控制之一例。 FIG. 2 is a timing chart illustrating the operation of the charging device 10, and illustrates an example of charging control when the power supply capacity of the input power source is sufficiently abundant.
充電控制部15，係將DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓設定為額定充電電壓V1後開始二次電池20的充電(時間T1)。更具體而言，充電控制部15，係於已降低充電控制電壓VA的狀態將電晶體Q1設為ON。於是，為了使電晶體Q2的基極電流IQ2B成為最大，而在充電電壓Vout及充電電流Iout為最小下開始動作。藉由將充電控制電壓VA逐漸提昇而使電晶體Q2的基極電流IQ2B逐漸降低。藉此，二次電池20的充電電壓Vout及充電電流Iout提昇，同時充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve會降低。 The charging control unit 15 starts charging the secondary battery 20 after setting the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 11 to the rated charging voltage V1 (time T1). More specifically, the charge control unit 15 turns ON the transistor Q1 in a state where the charge control voltage V A has been reduced. Then, in order to maximize the base current I Q2B of the transistor Q2, the operation is started when the charging voltage Vout and the charging current Iout are minimized. By gradually increasing the charge control voltage V A , the base current I Q2B of the transistor Q2 is gradually decreased. Thereby, the charging voltage Vout and the charging current Iout of the secondary battery 20 are increased, and at the same time, the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10 is reduced.
在輸入電源的電力供給能力十分充裕之場合，在充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve降低到第1閾值電壓Vth1以下之前，二次電池20的充電電壓Vout會上升直到額定充電電壓V1，藉此二次電池20的充電電流Iout會上升直到第1充電電流I1(時間T2)。從而，二次電池20，被以最大充電電流即第1充電電流I1充電。在此，最大充電電流，係例如可以在二次電池20不劣化的範圍下流動的充電電流Iout的最大值，係可以在最短時間下充電二次電池20的電流大小。 When the power supply capacity of the input power source is sufficiently abundant, before the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10 falls below the first threshold voltage Vth1, the charging voltage Vout of the secondary battery 20 rises to the rated charging voltage V1, thereby secondaryly The charging current Iout of the battery 20 increases until the first charging current I1 (time T2). Therefore, the secondary battery 20 is charged with the first charging current I1 which is the maximum charging current. Here, the maximum charging current is, for example, the maximum value of the charging current Iout that can flow in a range in which the secondary battery 20 does not deteriorate, and is the amount of current that can charge the secondary battery 20 in the shortest time.
充電控制部15，二次電池20的充電中，亦即電晶體Q1為ON之期間，由例如以測溫電阻器等感溫元件 (省略圖示)檢出之二次電池20的溫度檢測出二次電池20的充電狀態。於是，充電控制部15，在二次電池20的充電狀態成為充滿電之時點下，會將電晶體Q1OFF並結束二次電池20的充電(時間T3)。由於以此方式在輸入電源的電力供給能力上十分充裕之場合下，能以最大充電電流即第1充電電流I1進行充電二次電池20，所以可以在最短時間將二次電池20充滿電。 The charging control unit 15 is during the charging of the secondary battery 20, that is, while the transistor Q1 is ON, a temperature sensing element such as a temperature measuring resistor is used. (Not shown) The detected temperature of the secondary battery 20 detects the state of charge of the secondary battery 20. Then, when the state of charge of the secondary battery 20 becomes fully charged, the charge control unit 15 turns off the transistor Q1 and ends the charging of the secondary battery 20 (time T3). Since the secondary battery 20 can be charged with the first charging current I1 which is the maximum charging current when the power supply capability of the input power source is sufficiently abundant in this way, the secondary battery 20 can be fully charged in the shortest time.
圖3係圖示充電裝置10的動作之時間圖，圖示輸入電源的電力供給能力不足之場合下充電控制之一例。 FIG. 3 is a timing chart illustrating the operation of the charging device 10, and illustrates an example of charging control when the power supply capability of the input power source is insufficient.
充電控制部15，係將DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓設定為額定充電電壓V1後開始二次電池20的充電(時間T11)。藉此，二次電池20的充電電壓Vout及充電電流Iout提昇，同時充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve會降低。於是，在輸入電源的電力供給能力不足之場合下，在二次電池20的充電電壓Vout上升直到額定充電電壓V1之前，充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve會降低到第1閾值電壓Vth1以下(時間T12)。 The charging control unit 15 starts charging the secondary battery 20 after setting the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 11 to the rated charging voltage V1 (time T11). Thereby, the charging voltage Vout and the charging current Iout of the secondary battery 20 are increased, and at the same time, the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10 is reduced. Therefore, when the power supply capacity of the input power source is insufficient, before the charging voltage Vout of the secondary battery 20 rises up to the rated charging voltage V1, the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10 decreases below the first threshold voltage Vth1 (time T12 ).
第1閾值電壓Vth1，係供以額定充電電壓V1及最大充電電流(第1充電電流I1)將二次電池20進行定電流充電之外，還有檢測出輸入電源的電力供給能力不足之狀態用之電壓。因此，第1閾值電壓Vth1，或是與例如可以輸出額定充電電壓V1的DC-DC轉換器11的輸入電壓的下限相同的電壓，或是被設定為比此還高的電壓。此外，第1閾值電壓Vth1，也可以設定作為例如充電裝置10的輸入電壓 Ve的額定值與檢出值之電位差△V。 The first threshold voltage Vth1 is used for charging the secondary battery 20 at a constant current with the rated charging voltage V1 and the maximum charging current (the first charging current I1), and for detecting the insufficient power supply capacity of the input power source. The voltage. Therefore, the first threshold voltage Vth1 is either the same voltage as the lower limit of the input voltage of the DC-DC converter 11 that can output the rated charging voltage V1, or is set to a voltage higher than this. The first threshold voltage Vth1 may be set as, for example, the input voltage of the charging device 10. The potential difference ΔV between the rated value and the detected value of Ve.
充電控制部15，於充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve降低到第1閾值電壓Vth1以下之時點，會停止充電控制電壓VA的升高，使施加的電壓回到前一個狀態(時間T12)。藉此讓流到分壓電路141的電阻R4之電流被固定。藉由如此，變更分壓電路141的分壓比。利用該分壓比的變更，由於分壓電路141的分壓點(電阻R3與R4的連接點)的電壓會升高，使DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓降低，結果，是以二次電池20的充電電流被限制為比最大充電電流(第1充電電流I1)低的電流之方式，自動地將DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓降低到充電電壓V2。換言之，充電控制部15，係以充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve降低到第1閾值電壓Vth1以下作為條件，以限制二次電池20的充電電流在比最大充電電流(第1充電電流I1)低的電流(第2充電電流I2)之方式，將DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓設定為比額定充電電壓V1低的充電電壓V2。該充電電壓V2，係比額定充電電壓V1低的電壓，而且是可以以輸入電源的供給能力最大限的電流將二次電池20充電直到充滿電之電壓大小，例如或與二次電池20的必要最小限的充電電壓相同之電壓，或被設定為比此還高的電壓。 When the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10 falls below the first threshold voltage Vth1, the charge control unit 15 stops the increase of the charge control voltage V A and returns the applied voltage to the previous state (time T12). Thereby, the current flowing to the resistor R4 of the voltage dividing circuit 141 is fixed. Thus, the voltage division ratio of the voltage division circuit 141 is changed. With the change of the voltage division ratio, the voltage of the voltage dividing point (the connection point between the resistors R3 and R4) of the voltage dividing circuit 141 will increase, so that the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 11 will be reduced. The charging current of the secondary battery 20 is limited to a current lower than the maximum charging current (first charging current I1), and the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 11 is automatically reduced to the charging voltage V2. In other words, the charging control unit 15 is based on the condition that the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10 falls below the first threshold voltage Vth1 as a condition to limit the charging current of the secondary battery 20 to a value lower than the maximum charging current (the first charging current I1). As the method of the current (second charging current I2), the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 11 is set to a charging voltage V2 lower than the rated charging voltage V1. The charging voltage V2 is a voltage lower than the rated charging voltage V1, and is a voltage that can charge the secondary battery 20 until it is fully charged at a current with the maximum supply capacity of the input power source. The minimum charge voltage is the same or set to a voltage higher than this.
藉由以將二次電池20的充電電流限制為比最大充電電流(第1充電電流I1)低的電流之方式，將DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓降低到充電電壓V2，使二次電池20的充電電流Iout降低直到第2充電電流I2，藉此將二次電池20的 充電電壓Vout降低直到充電電壓V2(時間T13)。換言之，在輸入電源的電力供給能力不足而充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve降低到第1閾值電壓Vth1以下之場合，係以二次電池20的充電電流被限制為比最大充電電流(第1充電電流I1)低的電流(第2充電電流I2)之方式，以比額定充電電壓V1低的充電電壓V2繼續進行二次電池20的充電。於是，藉由使二次電池20的充電電壓Vout下降到充電電壓V2，形成以比最大充電電流小的第2充電電流I2進行二次電池20的定電流充電，結果，於二次電池20的充電被消耗的電力會變小。於是，充電控制部15，在二次電池20的充電狀態成為充滿電之時點下，會將電晶體Q1及Q2OFF並結束二次電池20的充電(時間T14)。 By limiting the charging current of the secondary battery 20 to a current lower than the maximum charging current (the first charging current I1), the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 11 is reduced to the charging voltage V2, so that the secondary battery The charging current Iout of 20 is reduced to the second charging current I2, thereby reducing the The charging voltage Vout decreases until the charging voltage V2 (time T13). In other words, when the power supply capability of the input power source is insufficient and the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10 falls below the first threshold voltage Vth1, the charging current of the secondary battery 20 is limited to a value greater than the maximum charging current (the first charging current). I1) Low current (second charging current I2), and the secondary battery 20 is continuously charged at a charging voltage V2 lower than the rated charging voltage V1. Then, by lowering the charging voltage Vout of the secondary battery 20 to the charging voltage V2, a constant current charging of the secondary battery 20 is performed with a second charging current I2 smaller than the maximum charging current. As a result, The power consumed for charging will become smaller. Then, when the charging state of the secondary battery 20 becomes fully charged, the charge control unit 15 turns off the transistors Q1 and Q2 and ends the charging of the secondary battery 20 (time T14).
如此方式在輸入電源的電力供給能力降低時，由於在二次電池20的充電被消耗的電力變小，所以只這部分的充電時間會增加，但可以維持輸入電源的電力供給能力的最大限的充電電流(第2充電電流I2)並繼續二次電池20的充電。藉此，由於在輸入電源的電力供給能力降低時，可以減低二次電池20的充電電壓Vout降低到未滿必要最小限的電壓而不得不使二次電池20的充電中斷之疑慮，所以即使輸入電源的電力供給能力變動也可以繼續二次電池20的充電。 In this way, when the power supply capacity of the input power source is reduced, the power consumed in charging the secondary battery 20 becomes smaller, so only the charging time of this part will increase, but the maximum power supply capacity of the input power source can be maintained. The charging current (second charging current I2) continues to charge the secondary battery 20. Therefore, when the power supply capacity of the input power source is reduced, the fear that the charging voltage Vout of the secondary battery 20 is lowered to a voltage that is less than the necessary minimum and the charge of the secondary battery 20 has to be interrupted will be avoided. The power supply capability of the power source may be changed to continue charging the secondary battery 20.
於是，在關於本發明之充電裝置10，二次電池20的充電電壓Vout，會依照DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓而受限制，二次電池20的充電電流Iout，則依照串聯連接 在二次電池20的充電電流限制電阻R8而受限制。因此，在二次電池20的充電被消耗的電力，就會藉著可變設定DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓而自動地被調整增減。換言之，關於本發明之充電裝置10，由於係以二次電池20的充電電流被限制為比最大充電電流低的電流之方式，因應充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve的降低而可變設定DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓之簡單的構成，所以可以小型化且低成本構成。從而，根據本發明，可以實現即使輸入電源的電力供給能力變動也可繼續充電二次電池20之充電裝置10的小型化及低成本化。 Therefore, in the charging device 10 of the present invention, the charging voltage Vout of the secondary battery 20 is limited according to the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 11, and the charging current Iout of the secondary battery 20 is connected in series. The charging current in the secondary battery 20 is limited by the resistance R8. Therefore, the power consumed by the charging of the secondary battery 20 is automatically adjusted to increase or decrease by the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 11 being variably set. In other words, regarding the charging device 10 of the present invention, since the charging current of the secondary battery 20 is limited to a current lower than the maximum charging current, the DC-DC can be variably set in accordance with the decrease in the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10. Since the output voltage of the converter 11 is simple, it can be miniaturized and configured at low cost. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size and cost of the charging device 10 that can continue to charge the secondary battery 20 even if the power supply capability of the input power source changes.
圖4係圖示充電裝置10的動作之時間圖，圖示在二次電池20的充電中輸入電源的電力供給能力回復之場合下充電控制之一例。 FIG. 4 is a timing chart illustrating the operation of the charging device 10, and illustrates an example of charging control when the power supply capability of the input power source is restored during the charging of the secondary battery 20.
充電控制部15，係將DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓設定為額定充電電壓V1後開始二次電池20的充電(時間T21)。藉此，二次電池20的充電電壓Vout及充電電流Iout提昇，同時充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve會降低。於是，在輸入電源的電力供給能力不足之場合下，在二次電池20的充電電壓Vout上升直到額定充電電壓V1之前，充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve會降低到第1閾值電壓Vth1以下(時間T22)。 The charging control unit 15 starts charging the secondary battery 20 after setting the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 11 to the rated charging voltage V1 (time T21). Thereby, the charging voltage Vout and the charging current Iout of the secondary battery 20 are increased, and at the same time, the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10 is reduced. Therefore, when the power supply capacity of the input power source is insufficient, before the charging voltage Vout of the secondary battery 20 rises up to the rated charging voltage V1, the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10 decreases below the first threshold voltage Vth1 (time T22). ).
充電控制部15，於充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve降低到第1閾值電壓Vth1以下之時點，會停止充電控制電壓VA的升高，使施加的電壓回到前一個狀態(時間T22)。 藉此使DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓降低到充電電壓V2。於是，藉由以二次電池20的充電電流被限制為比最大充電電流低的電流之方式，將DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓降低到充電電壓V2，而可以將二次電池20的充電電壓Vout降低直到充電電壓V2，藉此以輸入電源的供給能力的最大限使二次電池20的充電電流Iout繼續流動(時間T23)。 When the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10 falls below the first threshold voltage Vth1, the charge control unit 15 stops increasing the charge control voltage V A and returns the applied voltage to the previous state (time T22). This reduces the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 11 to the charging voltage V2. Therefore, the secondary battery 20 can be charged by reducing the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 11 to the charging voltage V2 so that the charging current of the secondary battery 20 is limited to a current lower than the maximum charging current. The voltage Vout is reduced to the charging voltage V2, whereby the charging current Iout of the secondary battery 20 continues to flow with the maximum supply capacity of the input power (time T23).
充電控制部15，在二次電池20的充電狀態成為充滿電之前，在輸入電源的電力供給能力回復，充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve升高到第2閾值電壓Vth2以上之場合，於該時點開始提高充電控制電壓VA(時間T24)。藉此，由於電阻R5對分壓電路141的電阻R3成為不並聯連接之狀態，所以分壓電路141的分壓比會被變更成原來的分壓比。利用該分壓比的變更，由於分壓電路141的分壓點(電阻R3與R4的連接點)的電壓會降低，而使DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓升高，結果，DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓升高到額定充電電壓V1。換言之，充電控制部15，係以充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve降低到第1閾值電壓Vth1以下之後、使充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve升高到比第1閾值電壓Vth1高的第2閾值電壓Vth2以上作為條件，將DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓設定為額定充電電壓V1。 The charge control unit 15 starts before the charging state of the secondary battery 20 is fully charged when the input power supply capacity of the input power source recovers, and the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10 rises above the second threshold voltage Vth2. Increase the charge control voltage V A (time T24). Accordingly, since the resistor R5 is not connected in parallel to the resistor R3 of the voltage dividing circuit 141, the voltage dividing ratio of the voltage dividing circuit 141 is changed to the original voltage dividing ratio. With the change of the voltage division ratio, the voltage of the voltage dividing point (the connection point between the resistors R3 and R4) of the voltage dividing circuit 141 decreases, and the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 11 increases. As a result, DC- The output voltage of the DC converter 11 rises to the rated charging voltage V1. In other words, the charging control unit 15 raises the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10 to a second threshold voltage Vth2 that is higher than the first threshold voltage Vth1 after the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10 has fallen below the first threshold voltage Vth1. As a condition above, the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 11 is set to the rated charging voltage V1.
第2閾值電壓Vth2，係供檢測出輸入電源的電力供給能力，已回復到能以額定充電電壓V1及最大充電電流(第1充電電流I1)將二次電池20進行定電流充電之程度用之電壓。因此，第2閾值電壓Vth2，被設定為至少第1閾值 電壓Vth1以上之電壓，最好是被設定為比第1閾值電壓Vth1還高的電壓。此外，第2閾值電壓Vth2，也可以設定作為例如充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve的額定值與檢出值之電位差△V。 The second threshold voltage Vth2 is used to detect the power supply capability of the input power source, and has been restored to the extent that the secondary battery 20 can be charged at a constant current with the rated charging voltage V1 and the maximum charging current (first charging current I1). Voltage. Therefore, the second threshold voltage Vth2 is set to at least the first threshold The voltage higher than the voltage Vth1 is preferably set to a voltage higher than the first threshold voltage Vth1. The second threshold voltage Vth2 may be set as, for example, a potential difference ΔV between the rated value and the detected value of the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10.
藉由DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓上升到額定充電電壓V1，會提高二次電池20的充電電壓Vout及充電電流Iout，同時降低充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve。於是，在充電裝置10的輸入電壓Ve降低到第1閾值電壓Vth1以下之前，二次電池20的充電電壓Vout會上升直到額定充電電壓V1，藉此使二次電池20的充電電流Iout上升直到第1充電電流I1(時間T25)。從而，二次電池20，在輸入電源的電力供給能力回復之後是被以最大充電電流即第1充電電流I1充電。於是，充電控制部15，係於二次電池20的充電狀態成為充滿電之時點下，將電晶體Q1OFF並結束二次電池20的充電(時間T26)。 When the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 11 rises to the rated charging voltage V1, the charging voltage Vout and the charging current Iout of the secondary battery 20 are increased, and the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10 is reduced. Then, before the input voltage Ve of the charging device 10 falls below the first threshold voltage Vth1, the charging voltage Vout of the secondary battery 20 will rise up to the rated charging voltage V1, thereby increasing the charging current Iout of the secondary battery 20 until the first 1 charge current I1 (time T25). Therefore, the secondary battery 20 is charged with the first charging current I1 which is the maximum charging current after the power supply capability of the input power is restored. Then, the charging control unit 15 turns off the transistor Q1 and ends the charging of the secondary battery 20 when the state of charge of the secondary battery 20 becomes fully charged (time T26).
如此方式即使輸入電源的電力供給能力不足而以充電電壓V2進行二次電池20的充電之場合，在充電中輸入電源的電力供給能力回復之場合，DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓的設定會自充電電壓V2變更成額定充電電壓V1。亦即，在充電中而輸入電源的電力供給能力回復之場合，其後係以最大充電電流(第1充電電流I1)進行定電流充電二次電池20。藉此，可以因應輸入電源的電力供給能力之變動而靈活且恰當地設定充電電流Iout並充電二次電池20。 In this way, even when the power supply capacity of the input power supply is insufficient and the secondary battery 20 is charged with the charging voltage V2, when the power supply capacity of the input power supply is restored during charging, the output voltage of the DC-DC converter 11 is set. The self-charging voltage V2 is changed to the rated charging voltage V1. That is, when the power supply capability of the input power source is restored during charging, the secondary battery 20 is then charged at a constant current with a maximum charging current (first charging current I1). Thereby, it is possible to flexibly and appropriately set the charging current Iout and charge the secondary battery 20 in accordance with a change in the power supply capability of the input power source.
圖5及圖6係圖示輸出電壓設定電路14的重要部分之電路圖；圖5係圖示電晶體Q2為OFF之狀態；圖6係圖示電晶體Q2為ON之狀態。 5 and 6 are circuit diagrams showing important parts of the output voltage setting circuit 14; FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state where the transistor Q2 is OFF; and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state where the transistor Q2 is ON.
電流i3，係流到電阻R3的電流。電流i4，係流到電阻R4的電流。電流i5，係流到電阻R5的電流。電壓Vfe，係電阻R3與電阻R4之連接點之電壓。如前述方式，DC-DC轉換器11，係控制輸出電壓使電壓Vfe維持在一定的電壓。二次電池20充電時的DC-DC轉換器11的輸出電壓、亦即充電電壓Vout，係以以下的數學式(1)表示。 The current i3 is a current flowing to the resistor R3. The current i4 is the current flowing to the resistor R4. The current i5 is a current flowing to the resistor R5. The voltage Vfe is the voltage at the connection point between the resistor R3 and the resistor R4. As described above, the DC-DC converter 11 controls the output voltage to maintain the voltage Vfe at a constant voltage. The output voltage of the DC-DC converter 11 when the secondary battery 20 is charged, that is, the charging voltage Vout is expressed by the following mathematical formula (1).
Vout=R3×i3+Vfe‧‧‧(1) Vout = R3 × i3 + Vfe‧‧‧ (1)
在電晶體Q2為OFF之狀態(圖5)，i3=i4。此外，電壓Vfe，係以以下的數學式(2)表示。 When transistor Q2 is OFF (Figure 5), i3 = i4. The voltage Vfe is expressed by the following mathematical formula (2).
Vfe=R4×i4‧‧‧(2) Vfe = R4 × i4‧‧‧ (2)
另一方面，在電晶體Q2為ON之狀態(圖6)，二次電池20的充電電流為定電流控制。於是，因為i4=i3+i5，所以電壓Vfe，係以以下的數學式(3)表示。 On the other hand, when the transistor Q2 is ON (FIG. 6), the charging current of the secondary battery 20 is controlled by a constant current. Therefore, because i4 = i3 + i5, the voltage Vfe is expressed by the following mathematical formula (3).
Vfe=R4×(i3+i5)‧‧‧(3) Vfe = R4 × (i3 + i5) ‧‧‧ (3)
由於DC-DC轉換器11，係控制輸出電壓使電壓Vfe維持在一定的電壓，所以在隨著電晶體Q2的基極電流IQ2B增加而電流i5增加時，藉此而電流i3減少。於是，電流i3減少，隨此而充電電壓Vout下降。 Since the DC-DC converter 11 controls the output voltage to maintain the voltage Vfe at a constant voltage, when the base current I Q2B of the transistor Q2 increases and the current i5 increases, the current i3 decreases accordingly. As a result, the current i3 decreases, and the charging voltage Vout decreases accordingly.
關於本發明第1實施型態之充電裝置，係具備將由輸 入電源供給的直流電力變換成定電壓的直流電力之DC-DC轉換器，以前述DC-DC轉換器所輸出的直流電壓將二次電池充電之充電電路，檢出前述輸入電源的電壓之電源電壓檢出電路，設定前述DC-DC轉換器輸出電壓之輸出電壓設定電路，與根據前述輸入電源的電壓，控制前述充電電路及前述輸出電壓設定電路之控制裝置；前述充電電路，係串聯地連接在前述二次電池，包含限制前述二次電池充電電流之充電電流限制電阻；前述充電電流限制電阻，係具有在前述DC-DC轉換器的輸出電壓是額定充電電壓時前述二次電池的充電電流成為最大充電電流之電阻值；前述控制裝置，係將前述DC-DC轉換器輸出電壓設定為前述額定充電電壓並開始充電前述二次電池，以前述輸入電源的電壓降低到第1閾值電壓以下為條件，並以將前述二次電池的充電電流限制為比前述最大充電電流低的電流之方式，將前述DC-DC轉換器輸出電壓設定為比前述額定充電電壓低的充電電壓。 Regarding the charging device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, A DC-DC converter that converts DC power supplied from a power source into DC power of a constant voltage, a charging circuit for charging a secondary battery with the DC voltage output from the DC-DC converter, and a power source that detects the voltage of the input power. A voltage detection circuit, an output voltage setting circuit that sets the output voltage of the DC-DC converter, and a control device that controls the charging circuit and the output voltage setting circuit according to the voltage of the input power source; the charging circuit is connected in series The secondary battery includes a charging current limiting resistor that limits the charging current of the secondary battery. The charging current limiting resistor has a charging current of the secondary battery when the output voltage of the DC-DC converter is a rated charging voltage. The resistance value that becomes the maximum charging current; the control device is to set the output voltage of the DC-DC converter to the rated charging voltage and start charging the secondary battery, and the voltage of the input power source is lowered below the first threshold voltage as Conditions to limit the charging current of the secondary battery to a maximum charge Low flow of the current embodiment, the aforementioned DC-DC converter output voltage is set lower than the rated charging voltage of the charging voltage.
根據關於本發明第1實施型態之充電裝置，可以實現即使輸入電源的電力供給能力變動也可繼續充電二次電池之充電裝置的小型化及低成本化。 According to the charging device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size and cost of the charging device that can continue to charge the secondary battery even if the power supply capability of the input power source changes.
關於本發明第2實施型態之充電裝置，在前述之關於本發明第1實施型態之充電裝置，前述控制裝置，在前述輸入電源的電壓降低到前述第1閾值電壓以下之後，以使前述輸入電源的電壓升高到比前述第1閾值電壓高的第2閾值電壓以上作為條件，將前述DC-DC轉換器輸 出電壓設定為前述額定充電電壓。 Regarding the charging device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, in the charging device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the control device is configured to reduce the voltage of the input power source to less than the first threshold voltage, so that As a condition, the voltage of the input power source rises above a second threshold voltage higher than the first threshold voltage, and the DC-DC converter outputs The output voltage is set to the aforementioned rated charging voltage.
在輸入電源的電力供給能力不足而輸入電源的電壓降低到第1閾值電壓以下之場合，以二次電池的充電電流被限制為比最大充電電流低的電流之方式，把充電電壓設定為比額定充電電壓低的電壓並繼續進行二次電池的充電。於是，在充電中輸入電源的電力供給能力回復而輸入電源的電壓升高到第2閾值電壓以上之場合，變更DC-DC轉換器的輸出電壓的設定成額定充電電壓。亦即，在充電中而輸入電源的電力供給能力回復之場合，其後係以最大充電電流進行定電流充電二次電池。從而，根據關於本發明第2實施型態之充電裝置，可以因應輸入電源的電力供給能力之變動而靈活且恰當地自動設定充電電流進行充電二次電池。 When the power supply capacity of the input power source is insufficient and the input power source voltage drops below the first threshold voltage, the charging voltage of the secondary battery is limited to a current lower than the maximum charging current. The charging voltage is low, and the secondary battery is continuously charged. Then, when the power supply capability of the input power source is restored during charging and the voltage of the input power source rises above the second threshold voltage, the output voltage setting of the DC-DC converter is changed to a rated charging voltage. That is, when the power supply capability of the input power source is restored during charging, the secondary battery is then charged at a constant current with a maximum charging current. Therefore, according to the charging device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to flexibly and appropriately automatically set the charging current to charge the secondary battery in response to a change in the power supply capability of the input power source.
關於本發明第3實施型態之充電裝置，在前述之本發明第1或第2實施型態，前述輸出電壓設定電路，係包含將前述DC-DC轉換器輸出電壓分壓之分壓電路、與變更前述分壓電路的分壓比之分壓比變更電路；前述DC-DC轉換器，係控制輸出電壓使前述分壓電路的分壓點的電壓維持在指定電壓。 Regarding the charging device according to the third embodiment of the present invention, in the aforementioned first or second embodiment of the present invention, the output voltage setting circuit includes a voltage dividing circuit that divides the output voltage of the DC-DC converter. And a voltage dividing ratio changing circuit that changes a voltage dividing ratio of the voltage dividing circuit; the DC-DC converter controls an output voltage to maintain a voltage at a voltage dividing point of the voltage dividing circuit at a predetermined voltage.
根據關於本發明第3實施型態之充電裝置，由於可以用極簡單的電路構成可變設定DC-DC轉換器的輸出電壓，所以在關於本發明之充電裝置，可以實現更為小型化及低成本化。 According to the charging device according to the third embodiment of the present invention, since the output voltage of the DC-DC converter can be set variably by using a very simple circuit, the charging device of the present invention can be further miniaturized and low. Cost.
10‧‧‧充電裝置 10‧‧‧ Charging device
11‧‧‧DC-DC轉換器 11‧‧‧DC-DC converter
12‧‧‧充電電路 12‧‧‧Charging circuit
13‧‧‧電源電壓檢出電路 13‧‧‧Power supply voltage detection circuit
14‧‧‧輸出電壓設定電路 14‧‧‧Output voltage setting circuit
15‧‧‧充電控制部 15‧‧‧Charge Control Department
20‧‧‧二次電池 20‧‧‧ secondary battery
141‧‧‧分壓電路 141‧‧‧Divided voltage circuit
142‧‧‧分壓比變更電路 142‧‧‧Dividing voltage ratio changing circuit
R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7‧‧‧電阻 R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7‧‧‧ resistance
R8‧‧‧充電電流限制電阻 R8‧‧‧Charging current limiting resistor
Q1、Q2‧‧‧電晶體 Q1, Q2‧‧‧Transistors
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| WO2018037660A1 (en) | 2018-03-01 |
| JP2018033232A (en) | 2018-03-01 |
| JP6719332B2 (en) | 2020-07-08 |
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