TW201728479A - Automobile headlamp - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an automobile headlamp including at least two double-sided lenses and at least two light-emitting elements. The surface shape of the double-sided lenses is designed by a variable-diameter lens curved surface equation. The light-emitting elements are disposed in positions corresponding to the double-sided lenses. The light-emitting elements emit light toward light incident surfaces of the double-sided lenses. After the light passes into the double-sided lens and then is refracted by the double-sided lenses, a vehicle lamp luminance distribution having a Cut-off Line is scattered from light emitting surfaces of the double-sided lenses and it meets ECE R112 certification for the light type requirements of a dipped headlight.

Description

Car low beam

The invention relates to an automobile low beam lamp, in particular to a surface shape of an optical lens, so that after the light is refracted by the optical lens, it can produce a clear and identifiable cut-off line and meet the requirements of the regulations. Illuminance distribution.

In order to comply with the illuminance distribution prescribed by the above laws, the two mainstream methods commonly used to design lamps are Multi-Reflector (MR or Free-Form Reflector, FFR) and Projection System (Projection System). ). In addition, the lens system can also be realized by Lens optics.

The multiple mirrors are fabricated by cutting a paraboloid into a number of small unit mirrors, each adjusting its curvature and direction of rotation, reflecting the light to the corresponding illumination area, and enhancing the illumination by superimposing, combining The type of light needed. However, the MR lamp is used to design the lamp. Multiple LED lights need to have multiple MR modules. Therefore, the focal length of the reflective surface cannot be too long. Otherwise, each module is too large to meet the requirements of the lamp. Moreover, most of the curved surfaces are in the form of a paraboloid, and the reflected light at the edge of the paraboloid has a small divergence angle for forming a hot spot. If the light is to be used with a small divergence angle to form light, Type, the size of the MR module will be increased, or the focal length will be reduced. However, the smaller focal length must be more accurate when installing the LED.

The projection type lamp is designed by using an elliptical reflecting surface to place the light source at the first focus of the ellipse, the light is reflected and concentrated to the second focus, and the baffle is placed at the position of the second focus to create the required cutoff. Line light type, and placed an aspherical convex lens in front of the baffle, its focus is at the baffle position, so that light can be emitted in parallel. The reason for using an aspherical lens is the spherical aberration of the spherical lens, and the parallel light cannot be accurately concentrated at the same focus. The design of the projection lamp is characterized by clear and dark cut-off lines, but due to the baffle, the energy loss is large.

A lens-imaging headlight is an aspherical lens or other form of lens that places the light source at the focal point of the lens and forms a light pattern at a distance. This is the simplest one of the three forms of design. It has fewer reflectors and baffles than the projection lamp. It requires a light source with the same shape as the desired light shape. The light source distribution trend and target light are designed at the focus. The same type, projected by a good imaging of the lens. However, the lens imaging type lamp is projected by using the same light source as the shape of the desired light type, and is usually formed by arranging a plurality of LEDs, that is, using horizontally arranged LEDs and LEDs arranged at an angle of 15 degrees.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the object of the present invention is to provide an automotive low beam lamp which changes the shape of the light incident surface and the light exit surface so that the light of the light emitting element is refracted by the optical lens and is scattered from the light exit surface. It is possible to produce a illuminance distribution with a cut-off line and complying with the regulations of the required illumination to solve the problem that the conventional need to pass through the baffle or arrange the illuminating elements.

In view of the above, the present invention provides an automotive low beam comprising at least two double sided lenses and at least two illuminating elements. The shape of the double-sided lens satisfies the following equation: , For the radius of curvature, For the angle, the X, Y, and Z axes form a three-dimensional coordinate system, X is the horizontal direction, Y is the vertical direction, and Z is the optical axis direction. The illuminating element is disposed corresponding to the double-sided lens to emit light toward the light-incident surface of the double-sided lens, and the light is refracted by the double-sided lens, and the illuminance distribution of the lamp is scattered by the light-emitting surface of the double-sided lens; the illumination distribution of the lamp has a light and dark Cutoff line.

Preferably, , A and B are the front and rear positions of the lens in the optical axis direction, respectively, and the subscripts 1 and 2 are the creping angle positions of the double-sided lens on the optical axis cross section, respectively.

Preferably, the cut-off line may comprise a horizontal section and an inclined section connected to each other; the inclined section is inclined 10 degrees upward from one end of the horizontal section.

Preferably, the cut-off line may comprise a horizontal section and an inclined section connected to each other; the inclined section is inclined upward by 15 degrees from one end of the horizontal section.

Preferably, the cut-off line may comprise a horizontal section connected to each other and an inclined section; the inclined section is inclined 20 degrees upward from one end of the horizontal section.

Preferably, the illumination distribution of the vehicle lamp may include a light type with the largest central brightness, a wide illumination, and a flat shape.

Preferably, the double sided lens can have a completely smooth curved surface without a gap.

Preferably, the light emitting element can be a light emitting diode or a laser diode.

As described above, the automotive low beam of the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The double-sided lens of the automobile low beam lamp of the invention is designed by a curved multi-circular lens surface equation, and the design equation retains the circular structure, which is very convenient to use.

2. Since the double-sided lens of the automobile low beam lamp of the present invention adopts a gradual variable diameter design, the double-sided lens has a function of changing the radius of curvature of the optical axis direction and the optical axis section, so that the double-sided lens of the present invention can be produced with the light-emitting element Very flexible light distribution.

3. Since the double-sided lens of the automobile low beam lamp of the invention adopts a gradual variable diameter design, the double-sided lens of the automobile low beam lamp can be formed without any break, whether it is made in one piece or smoothly connected with a plurality of lenses. A poorly and perfectly smooth surface is easier to manufacture.

4. The double-sided lens of the automobile low beam is made into a smooth surface without a gap, which can avoid the occurrence of glare due to the gap of the lens surface, so that the sight of the vehicle driver in the opposite lane is not glare. The interference, in turn, solves the problem of safety hazards caused by the glare of the vehicle driver.

5. The light incident on the double-sided lens of the illuminating element can scatter the illuminance distribution of the lamp with the cut-off line of light and dark and the light with the largest central brightness, wide illumination and flatness, and meet the requirements of European standard ECE R112 low-beam light type. .

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, which are respectively a front view and a rear view of a low beam of a vehicle according to the present invention. As shown, the automotive low beam 1 comprises at least two double sided lenses 10 and at least two illuminating elements 20.

In this embodiment, two sets are taken as an example, each group has a double-sided lens 10 and a light-emitting element 20 matched therewith; the light-emitting element 20 is disposed corresponding to the double-sided lens 10. For example, the double-sided lens 10 may be made of PMMA, PC, glass or other suitable transparent material, and the light-emitting element 20 may be a light emitting diode or a laser diode. For example, not limited thereto, in practice, the number and type of the light-emitting elements 20 and the configuration of the double-sided lens 10 and the light-emitting element 20 can be adjusted as needed.

It is worth noting that the face shape of the double-sided lens 10 satisfies the following equation: ,among them For the radius of curvature, For the angle, the X, Y, and Z axes form a three-dimensional coordinate system, X is the horizontal direction, that is, the horizontal direction, Y is the vertical direction, and Z is the optical axis direction.

The double-sided lens 10 has a light-incident surface and a light-emitting surface; the light-incident surface and the light-emitting surface are opposite surfaces of the double-sided lens 10, wherein the light-incident surface faces the light-emitting element 20. In practice, after the light-emitting element 20 emits light toward the light-incident surface of the double-sided lens 10, the light passes through the double-sided lens 10 and is refracted, and the light-emitting surface of the double-sided lens 10 scatters the illumination distribution of the vehicle lamp, and the illumination distribution of the vehicle lamp is distributed. There is a clearly visible cut-off line, which produces a light distribution that clearly distinguishes between bright and dark areas.

The purpose of the above-mentioned cut-off line design is to avoid the glare caused by unnecessary light and affect the driving safety. That is, the cut-off line can be used as the basis for adjusting the light type. By adjusting the light irradiation range, the height of the cut-off line does not exceed the other side. Driving your eyes will not affect your car.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4; wherein FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the vehicle low beam according to the present invention along the optical axis direction; and FIG. 4 is an optical axis cross section of the low beam of the automobile according to the present invention. A schematic view of a partial section. As shown, the automotive low beam 1 comprises at least two double sided lenses 10 and at least two illuminating elements 20.

The shape of the double-sided lens 10 satisfies the variable-diameter multi-circular lens surface equation, and the equation retains the circular structure, that is, the double-sided lens 10 is at an angle different from the optical axis direction Z and the optical axis The gradual changer is designed to be very convenient to use, and has a function of changing the radius of curvature of the optical axis direction and the optical axis section, so that a very elastic light distribution can be produced, and the lens surface can be designed to have no gap (Step) ) A perfectly smooth surface.

Reducing multi-circular lens surface equation: ,among them , , For radius of curvature, sin Is a sine function (0 ≤ sin ≤1),cos Is a cosine function (0≤ cos) ≤1), For the angle, the X, Y and Z axes form a three-dimensional coordinate system, X is the horizontal direction, that is, the horizontal direction, Y is the vertical direction, and Z is the optical axis direction. The subscripts A and B are the double-sided lens 10 on the optical axis. The front and rear positions of the direction, that is, the lower letters of the letters A and B, respectively, the leading edge and the trailing edge of the double-sided lens 10, and the subscript numbers 1, 2 are the crepe angle positions of the double-sided lens 10 on the optical axis section, respectively.

For example, the double-sided lens 10 of the automotive low beam 1 can be integrally formed, which can have a single curved surface that is completely smooth without a step. Alternatively, the double-sided lens 10 of the automotive low beam lamp 1 may be constructed by a plurality of lens blocks, which may have a smoothness and completely smooth a composite curved surface, that is, a plurality of blocks may be continuously joined to each other to form a complete one. The double-sided lens 10 prevents the occurrence of glare due to the gap of the lens surface, so that the line of sight of the vehicle driver in the opposite lane is not disturbed by the glare, thereby solving the glare of the driver of the vehicle. A problem that affects security risks.

As shown in Fig. 4, in order to facilitate the explanation of the parameters of the above equation, the present embodiment divides the double-sided lens 10 into six blocks R1 to R6. Overall, the starting angle of the arc 0 degrees, and the angle of termination Is 360 degrees, ie 0∘≤ ≤360∘. For one of the blocks R2 of the double-sided lens 10, the English letter A is the front position of the block R2 of the double-sided lens 10 in the optical axis direction (Z direction); the English letter B is the block R2 of the double-sided lens 10 in the light. Rear position in the axial direction; numeral 1 is the arc starting position of the block R2 of the double-sided lens 10 on the optical axis section; numeral 2 is the end point of the arc of the block R2 of the double-sided lens 10 on the optical axis section position, 1 is the arc starting angle of the block R2 of the double-sided lens 10, 2 is the arc end angle of the block R2 of the double-sided lens 10.

Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a illuminance distribution diagram of a vehicle low beam lamp according to the present invention, wherein (a) of FIG. 5 shows a light type of a cut-off line having a slope of 10 degrees; FIG. 5 ( b) showing the light type of the cut-off line having the inclined 15 degree line segment; (c) of Fig. 5 shows the light type of the cut-off line having the inclined 20-degree line segment. As shown, the vertical axis is a vertical angle and the horizontal axis is a horizontal angle.

Preferably, the light pattern inclined by 15 degrees to the right side shown in FIG. 5(b) is more in compliance with automobile lighting regulations. The above is an example of a light pattern that produces a right-side tilt. Because most countries have traffic signs and their pedestrians to the right, adjusting the light type to tilt it to the right increases the range of illumination, thereby improving driving safety, but Not limited to this.

The vehicle's low beam headlights must meet certain test standards, and the test standards are quoted from the ECE R112 low beam headlight type specified by European regulations. In order to meet the requirements of the European standard ECE R112 low-light type, the light pattern can be planned by adjusting the projection angle and light intensity of the light of the light-emitting element to provide a light-illumination distribution with a clear and clear cut-off line.

As shown in Figure 5, the illuminance distribution of the headlights has a left distribution of light of about 15 degrees and a right distribution of light of about 18 degrees (about 20 degrees for both left and right distributions), and an upper distribution of light distribution of about 2 degrees and a distribution of lower light distribution. About 6 degrees to form the light with the largest central brightness, wide illumination, and flat shape.

By producing an optical pattern that extends as far as possible to the sides, the illumination distribution of the lamp can be clearly and clearly cut off. As shown in (a) of FIG. 5, for the direction of the incoming vehicle, the cut-off line includes a horizontal section and an inclined section connected to each other; the inclined section is inclined 10 degrees upward from one end of the horizontal section; As shown in (b) of FIG. 5, the inclined section may also be inclined upward by 15 degrees from one end of the horizontal section; as shown in (c) of FIG. 5, the inclined section may also be from one end of the horizontal section. Tilt up 20 degrees.

As shown in Table 1 below, the comparison between the photometric standard values and the design values of each test point and test area of the current European standard ECE R112 specification is listed. The measured results of the light distribution confirm that each measurement point and the area are compatible. Regulatory requirements.

Table 1: Comparison of design values and ECE R112 low beam light distribution standards

The above is intended to be illustrative only and not limiting. Any equivalent modifications or alterations to the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included in the scope of the appended claims.

1‧‧‧Automotive low beam
10‧‧‧Double lens
20‧‧‧Lighting elements

Figure 1 is a front elevational view of a low beam of a vehicle in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 2 is a rear view of a low beam light of a vehicle according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the direction of the optical axis of the automotive low beam according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the optical axis section of the low beam of the automobile according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a illuminance distribution diagram of a vehicle low beam lamp according to the present invention, wherein (a) of Fig. 5 shows a light type of a cut-off line having a slope of 10 degrees; and (b) of Fig. 5 shows The light type of the cut-off line of the 15 degree line segment is inclined; (c) of Fig. 5 shows the light type of the cut-off line having the inclined 20-degree line segment.

1‧‧‧Automotive low beam

10‧‧‧Double lens

20‧‧‧Lighting elements

Claims (8)

An automotive low beam lamp comprising: at least two double-sided lenses, the face shape of the double-sided lens satisfying the following equation: ,among them For the radius of curvature, For the angle, the X, Y, and Z axes form a three-dimensional coordinate system, X is a horizontal direction, Y is a vertical direction, and Z is an optical axis direction; and at least two light-emitting elements are disposed corresponding to the double-sided lens to face the double The light incident surface of the face lens emits a light, and the light is refracted by the double-sided lens, and a light illuminance distribution is scattered by the light-emitting surface of the double-sided lens, and the illumination distribution of the lamp has a cut-off line. For example, the automotive low beam of the first aspect of the patent application, wherein , A and B are the front and rear positions of the double-sided lens in the optical axis direction, respectively, and the subscripts 1 and 2 are the creping angle positions of the double-sided lens on the optical axis cross section, respectively. The vehicle low beam of claim 1, wherein the cut-off line comprises a horizontal section connected to each other and an inclined section, the inclined section being inclined upward by 10 degrees from one end of the horizontal section. . The automotive low beam of claim 1, wherein the cut-off line comprises a horizontal section connected to each other and an inclined section, the inclined section being inclined upward by 15 degrees from one end of the horizontal section. . The automotive low beam of claim 1, wherein the cut-off line comprises a horizontal section connected to each other and an inclined section, the inclined section being inclined 20 degrees upward from one end of the horizontal section. . The vehicle low beam according to claim 1, wherein the illumination distribution of the vehicle includes a light having the largest central brightness, a wide illumination, and a flat shape. The automotive low beam of claim 1, wherein the double sided lens has a completely smooth curved surface without a gap. The automotive low beam of claim 1, wherein the light emitting element is a light emitting diode or a laser diode.