TW201727314A - 3D display layer and 3D display structure thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A 3D display layer with a transparent materials layer to form a 3D display structure. The 3D display structure is disposed on a display module. The 3D display layer comprises a base construction, a 3D optical construction and an adhesive layer. The base construction has a first surface and a second surface. The 3D optical construction is formed on the first surface of the base construction. The 3D optical construction has a majority of lenticular lens that top portion of each lenticular lens bulges toward a first direction. Wherein the curved surface of each lenticular lens has a curved surface, the adhesive layer covers the curved surface of each lenticular lens. The adhesive layer is connected to the transparent materials layer and the 3D display structure. The refractive index difference between the adhesive layer and the 3D display structure is greater than a predetermined difference. A thickness of the adhesive layer is greater than a protrusion height of each lenticular lens. The viscosity of the layer is greater than a predetermined viscosity.

Description

3D display layer and its 3D display structure

The present invention relates to a 3D display layer and a 3D display structure thereof, and more particularly to a 3D display layer applied to 3D image display and a 3D display structure thereof.

The conventional naked-eye 3D principle changes the direction of light travel according to the principle of concentrating and refracting. The left and right eyes of the viewer see different images in the set regions of the image light concentrating to achieve 3D stereoscopic perception. The conventional naked-view 3D liquid crystal display is a liquid crystal display with a general 2D flat display combined with a 3D display layer, a 3D display film or a 3D display panel. Among them, the viewer may receive different images in the viewing area, and these images have parallax, so that a pair of 3D stereo images can be synthesized in the viewer's brain. However, the cylindrical lens of the 3D display layer is, for example, a straight strip shape, and the cylindrical lenses are closely arranged and arranged in an orderly arrangement with the RGB pixel structure, and an ordered array of RGB pixels is generated between the aligned cylindrical lenses. Obvious interference fringes. Wherein, when the lenticular lens of the 3D display layer and the RGB pixels of the display module are arranged in parallel and aligned, a Moire phenomenon may occur due to the periodic arrangement structure of the 3D display layer and the display module. Even, it seriously affects the viewing effect. In addition, conventional techniques mostly use the lenticular lenses as surfaces. Wherein, since the materials forming the lenticular lenses are cured by ultraviolet light exposure, the lenticular lenses tend to have problems such as insufficient hardness, scratch resistance or abrasion resistance. Further, the uneven grooves of the lenticular lenses tend to accumulate impurities such as oil stains and dust, and the 3D display structure changes the refractive index to lower the 3D display effect.

The present invention provides a 3D display layer and a 3D display structure thereof, and covers the design of each lens through a glue layer, thereby improving the effect of the display module transmitting a 3D image through the 3D display layer or the 3D display structure. The present invention provides a 3D display layer for forming a 3D display structure with a light transmissive layer, and the 3D display structure is disposed on a display module. The 3D display layer includes a substrate structure, a 3D optical structure, and a glue layer. The base structure has a first side and a second side. The 3D optical structure is formed on the first side of the base structure, and the 3D optical structure includes a plurality of cylindrical lenses, the tops of the respective cylindrical lenses are convex toward a first direction, and each of the cylindrical lenses has a curved surface. The glue layer covers the curved surface of each lenticular lens, and the glue layer connects the light transmission layer with the 3D optical structure. The difference in refractive index between the adhesive layer and the 3D optical structure is greater than a predetermined difference value, and a thickness of the adhesive layer is greater than a protruding height of each of the lenticular lenses, and the viscosity of the adhesive layer is greater than a predetermined viscosity. The present invention provides a 3D display structure suitable for a display module having a display surface. The 3D display structure includes a 3D display layer and a light transmissive layer. The light transmissive layer has a surface and a bonding surface with respect to the surface. The bonding surface is connected to the adhesive layer. The specific means of the present invention is to use a 3D display layer or a 3D display structure to cover the design of each lenticular lens through a glue layer, thereby overcoming the problem that oil, dust and the like are accumulated to the concave and convex slits of the lenticular lenses, and overcome Conventional techniques use these lenticular lenses as a problem with the surface. In addition, the refractive index difference between the adhesive layer and the 3D optical structure is greater than a predetermined difference value, thereby improving the function of the display module to output a 3D image through the 3D display layer or the 3D display structure, and the viewer can view the image by naked viewing. Good quality 3D imagery. The above summary and the following examples are intended to further illustrate the technical means and the efficiencies of the present invention, and the embodiments and drawings are merely provided for reference and are not intended to limit the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a 3D display structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to Figure 1. A 3D display structure 1 is suitable for a display module LCM having a display surface. The 3D display structure 1 includes a 3D display layer SL and a light transmissive layer 16. In practice, the light transmissive layer 16 is connected to the 3D display layer SL. The surface 161 of the light transmissive layer 16 is in contact with air. The 3D display layer SL is connected to the display module LCM through an adhesive layer PSA or OCA. Therefore, the display module LCM transmits the 3D display image to the viewer through the 3D display structure 1, and the viewer can view the 3D image with the naked viewer. For convenience of description, the display module LCM of the present embodiment is described by a liquid crystal display module (LCD), and the 3D display structure 1 is realized by, for example, a 3D display panel or a 3D display film. In the embodiment, the display module LCM is, for example, an LCD panel, a touch display of a digital television, a display or a touch display of a notebook computer, a display of a ATM or a touch display, a touch display of a game machine, A display or touch display of a commercial advertising machine or other household device. This embodiment does not limit the aspect of the 3D display structure 1 and the display module LCM. Further, the 3D display layer SL is used to form a 3D display structure 1 with a light transmissive layer 16. The 3D display structure 1 is disposed on a display module LCM. In practice, the 3D display layer SL includes a substrate structure 10, a 3D optical structure 12, and a glue layer 14. In practice, the base structure 10 has a first face 101 and a second face 102. The 3D optical structure 12 is formed on the first face 101 of the base structure 10. The glue layer 14 covers the 3D optical structure 12, and the light transmission layer 16 is connected to the glue layer 14. The base structure 10 is, for example, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The 3D optical structure 12 is, for example, a bare-lens 3D columnar crystal structure, an array lens (Lens Array), or a fly-eye (Fly eyes) structure. The glue layer 14 is, for example, an Optical Clear Adhesive (OCA) or a fluoropolymer. This embodiment does not limit the aspect of the substrate construction 10, the 3D optical structure 12, and the glue layer 14. The 3D optical construction 12 includes a plurality of lenticular lenses L1. The top portion T of each of the lenticular lenses L1 is convex toward a first direction D1, and each of the lenticular lenses L1 has a curved surface C1. In practice, the lenticular lens L1 is used to focus the light beam output by the RGB pixels of the display module LCM, so that the light beams output by the RGB pixels can be respectively focused to the left eye or the right eye of the viewer. The efficacy of 3D display. For convenience of explanation, the first direction D1 of the present embodiment is described in the direction in which the display module LCM faces the viewer. This embodiment does not limit the aspect of the first direction D1. In other embodiments, the top portion T of each of the lenticular lenses L1 may also protrude in a direction opposite to the first direction D1. That is, the reverse direction with the first direction D1 indicates the direction from the viewer toward the display module LCM. In other words, the 3D optical structure 12 in FIG. 1 is located on the second side 102 of the base structure 10, and the top T of each of the lenticular lenses L1 is convex toward the display module LCM, that is, the top T is oriented toward the first direction. The reverse of D1 protrudes. This embodiment does not limit the aspect in which the top T of each of the lenticular lenses L1 protrudes. The glue layer 14 covers the curved surface C1 of each of the lenticular lenses L1. The glue layer 14 is connected between the light transmissive layer 16 and the 3D optical structure 12. The difference in refractive index between the adhesive layer 14 and the 3D optical structure 12 is greater than a predetermined difference value, and the preset difference value is, for example, 0.1. That is, the refractive index of the 3D optical construction 12 is greater than the refractive index of the adhesive layer 14. The 3D optical structure 12 is a lenticular lens L1 having a high refractive index. The glue layer 14 is a low refractive index optical glue. The refractive index of the lenticular lens L1 is greater than the refractive index of the adhesive layer 14. For example, the refractive index of the lenticular lens L1 is 1.55. The refractive index of the adhesive layer 14 is 1.20. The refractive index difference between the 3D optical structure 12 and the adhesive layer 14 is 0.35. For another example, the refractive index of the lenticular lens L1 is 1.55. The refractive index of the adhesive layer 14 is 1.40. The refractive index difference between the 3D optical structure 12 and the adhesive layer 14 is 0.15. The difference in refractive index between the 3D optical structure 12 and the adhesive layer 14 of the two examples is greater than a preset difference value of 0.1. In other words, the 3D display layer SL in both cases can achieve a good 3D display effect. It is worth noting that the condition that the optical total reflection occurs is that the incident light is directed from the optically dense medium to the light-diffusing medium, and the incident angle is greater than the critical angle. Among them, the critical angle can be known by Snell's Law. Next, each of the lenticular lenses L1 is a high refractive index medium (ie, a light-tight medium). The glue layer 14 is a low refractive index medium (ie, a light-dissipating medium). Therefore, when the light beams output by the RGB pixels enter the glue layer 14 via the respective lenticular lenses L1, the incident angle of the light beams needs to be smaller than the critical angle, so that most of the light beams conform to the law of refraction. If the incident angle of the beam is greater than the critical angle, then no refraction angle can be found to conform to the law of refraction, so the beam will be totally reflected back to the original medium (ie, the lenticular lens L1 of high refractive index) according to the law of reflection. Therefore, when the curvature of each of the lenticular lenses L1 is larger, the lower the convex height S1 of the lenticular lens L1, the smaller the spherical aberration of the lenticular lens L1. That is, the larger the critical angle of the light beam passing through each of the lenticular lenses L1, the larger the RGB pixels output the light beam can conform to the law of refraction and refracted into the low refractive index adhesive layer 14, thereby the 3D display structure. 1 Outputs a good 3D display image. On the other hand, the smaller the curvature of each of the lenticular lenses L1 is, the higher the convex height S1 of the lenticular lens L1 is, and the larger the spherical aberration of the lenticular lens L1 is. That is, the smaller the critical angle of the light beam passing through each of the lenticular lenses L1, the larger the output of the RGB pixels does not conform to the law of refraction, and conforms to the law of reflection. Thereby, the 3D display structure 1 outputs a poor, cross-talk or overlapping 3D display image. Further, a thickness T1 of the adhesive layer 14 is larger than a protruding height S1 of each of the lenticular lenses L1. The thickness T1 is, for example, a projection height S1 equal to or greater than 3 times. The projection height S1 is, for example, 5 mm, and the thickness T1 is, for example, 15 to 20 mm. That is, the glue layer 14 completely covers the top portion T of each of the lenticular lenses L1 and is higher than the top portion T of each of the lenticular lenses L1. The adhesive layer 14 has a viscosity greater than a predetermined viscosity. The preset viscosity is greater than or equal to 1 kg/in ² . Under the condition of such a preset viscosity, the adhesive layer 14 can be closely adhered to the curved surface C1 of each of the lenticular lenses L1. On the other hand, if the viscosity of the adhesive layer 14 is less than the preset viscosity, the adhesive layer 14 cannot completely cover the curved surface C1 of each of the lenticular lenses L1, for example, the valley between the two adjacent lenticular lenses L1 cannot be covered by the adhesive layer 14. That is, a void or an air medium (i.e., a refractive index of 1) is generated at a valley between two adjacent lenticular lenses L1, and a region having a non-uniform refractive index is generated. Further, the light transmissive layer 16 has a surface 161 and a bonding surface 162 with respect to the surface 161. The bonding surface 162 is connected to the adhesive layer 14. In practice, the surface 161 of the light transmissive layer 16 is coated with one or a combination of a scratch resistant layer, an anti-stain layer, and an anti-reflective layer. The light transmissive layer 16 is, for example, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a glass (Glass) or a polycarbonate (PC). The haze of the light transmissive layer 16 is, for example, 2% to 7%, and the refractive index of the light transmissive layer 16 is greater than the refractive index of the subbing layer 14. This embodiment does not limit the aspect of the light transmissive layer 16. It is worth mentioning that the glue layer 14 is a low refractive index medium. The light transmissive layer 16 is a medium having a high refractive index. In practice, the refractive index of the light transmissive layer 16 is, for example, greater than or equal to the refractive index of each of the lenticular lenses L1. The refractive index of each of the lenticular lenses L1 is larger than the refractive index of the adhesive layer 14. Wherein, the beam output from the RGB pixel enters the high refractive index medium from the low refractive index medium, and the beam system does not cause total reflection. Therefore, the 3D display structure 1 can output a 3D display image to the viewer, and the viewer can view the 3D image in a naked manner. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing a lenticular lens according to another embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to Figure 2. 2 shows two adjacent lenticular lenses L1, wherein the convex height S1, the pitch P1, and the curved surface C1 of the lenticular lens L1 are as shown in FIG. 2 . The protrusion height S1 is from the first face 101 of the base structure 10 to the top T of the lenticular lens L1. The thickness bt1 of the other substrate structure 10 is as shown in FIG. In practice, under the same pitch P1, the smaller the radius of curvature (ie, the focus R value of the lenticular lens L1), that is, the smaller the curvature (Curvature) and the higher the convex height S1 of the lenticular lens L1, Then, the spherical aberration of the lenticular lens L1 is larger. Therefore, the higher the protrusion height S1, the more the interference of the lenticular lens L1 on the 3D display. On the contrary, with the same pitch P1, the radius of curvature (that is, the focus R value of the lenticular lens L1) is larger, that is, the larger the curvature (Curvature) and the lower the convex height S1 of the lenticular lens L1, the column The spherical aberration of the lens L1 is smaller. Therefore, the lower the projection height S1, the less the interference of the lenticular lens L1 on the 3D display. In short, the smaller the radius of curvature, the smaller the curvature of the lenticular lens L1 and the higher the convex height S1, whereby the effect of the lenticular lens L1 producing a 3D image is worse. On the other hand, the larger the radius of curvature, the larger the curvature of the lenticular lens L1 and the lower the convex height S1, whereby the effect of the lenticular lens L1 to generate a 3D image is better. Next, the relationship between the refractive index difference value and the numerical value of the curvature radius of the lenticular lens, and the relationship between the refractive index difference value and the simulated numerical value of the spot diameter of the 3D display are further explained. The relationship between the two simulated numerical curves is shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 respectively. For convenience of explanation, Table 1 is a numerical simulation of the refractive index of the lenticular lens, the refractive index of the adhesive layer, the refractive index difference value, the radius of curvature of the lenticular lens, and the spot diameter of the 3D display. The material of the lenticular lens is described by polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). The refractive index of the polymethyl ester is, for example, 1.55. In other embodiments, the material of the lenticular lens can also be realized by materials having different refractive indices. This embodiment does not limit the material of the lenticular lens. Table I Fig. 3 is a graph showing the refractive index difference value of another embodiment of the present invention - the radius of curvature of the lenticular lens. Please refer to Figure 3. As shown in the graph of Fig. 3, the X-axis is a refractive index difference value between the refractive index of the lenticular lens and the refractive index of the adhesive layer. Wherein, the refractive index of the lenticular lens is greater than the refractive index of the adhesive layer. The refractive index difference value gradually decreases from the left side of the X axis to the right side of the X axis. The Y axis is the radius of curvature of the lenticular lens (ie, the focus R value of the lenticular lens). Among them, the radius of curvature gradually increases from the lower side of the Y-axis to the upper side of the Y-axis. For example, when the refractive index difference value is 0.05, the radius of curvature is about 0.096 mm, and the spot diameter is 30.810 mm. That is to say, the spherical aberration of the lenticular lens is large and cannot be focused. Therefore, the lenticular lens having a large spherical aberration produces a more serious interference effect on the 3D display. On the other hand, when the refractive index difference value is 0.1, the radius of curvature is about 0.124 mm. Among them, the spot diameter corresponding to the refractive index difference value of 0.1 in Table 1 is 6.771 mm. Therefore, the spherical aberration of the lenticular lens is small. A lenticular lens with a small spherical aberration produces a slight interference with the 3D display. For another example, when the refractive index difference value is 0.15, the radius of curvature is about 0.169 mm. That is to say, the spherical aberration of the lenticular lens is small. Among them, the spot diameter corresponding to the refractive index difference value of 0.15 in Table 1 is 3.14 mm. Therefore, the lenticular lens having a small spherical aberration produces a slight interference effect on the 3D display. For the rest, please refer to the analog values in Table 1. It will not be repeated here. Fig. 4 is a graph showing the spot diameter of the refractive index difference value - 3D display of another embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to Figure 4. As shown in the graph of FIG. 4, the X-axis is a refractive index difference value between the refractive index of the lenticular lens and the refractive index of the adhesive layer. Wherein, the refractive index of the lenticular lens is greater than the refractive index of the adhesive layer. The refractive index difference value gradually decreases from the left side of the X axis to the right side of the X axis. The Y axis is the spot diameter of the 3D display. Among them, the spot diameter gradually increases from the lower side of the Y axis to the upper side of the Y axis. When the lenticular lens of the 3D display is optically designed, the distance between the human eyes is set to be about 65 mm. In the strong light, the diameter of the human pupil is about 1.5mm. In dim light, the diameter of the human pupil is enlarged to about 8mm. In general, the diameter of human pupils is between 3mm and 6mm. If the diameter of the focused spot of the lenticular lens is already larger than the diameter of the human pupil, the 3D display structure cannot clearly send the 3D display image to the left and right eyes of the human. This 3D display structure produces severe crosstalk or aliasing. From this, it can be seen that the refractive index difference between the refractive index of the lenticular lens and the refractive index of the adhesive layer is greater than 0.1, and the optimum refractive index difference value is greater than 1.5 or more. Wherein, when the refractive index difference value is 0.1, the spot diameter of the 3D display of each lenticular lens is about 6.77 mm, which substantially corresponds to the upper limit of the condition of the human pupil diameter of 3 mm to 6 mm in a general environment. The best value is that when the refractive index difference value is 0.15, the diameter of the 3D display of each lenticular lens is about 3.14 mm, which is in accordance with the condition that the diameter of the human pupil is 3 mm to 6 mm in the general environment. Thereby achieving a good 3D display effect. For example, when the refractive index difference value is 0.15, the radius of curvature is about 0.169 mm. The 3D display has a spot diameter of 3.14 mm. That is to say, the spherical aberration of the lenticular lens is small and conforms to the diameter of the human pupil in a general environment. Therefore, the lenticular lens with a small spherical aberration produces a slight interference on the 3D display and conforms to the diameter of the human pupil in a general environment. Therefore, the RGB pixels of the display module pass through the 3D display layer or the 3D display structure to output a good 3D display image. In summary, the present invention utilizes a 3D display layer or a 3D display structure to cover each of the high refractive index lenticular lenses through a low refractive index adhesive layer, wherein the refractive index of the lenticular lens and the refractive index of the adhesive layer are refracted. The rate difference value is greater than the preset difference value, and the preset difference value is, for example, 0.1. Thereby the 3D display layer or the 3D display structure can reduce the interference of the 3D display. Therefore, the display module can output a 3D image through the 3D display layer or the 3D display structure, and the viewer can view the better quality 3D image with naked eyes. Furthermore, the present design overcomes the design of each lenticular lens through a glue layer, thereby overcoming the accumulation of impurities such as oil, dust and the like into the embossed slits of the lenticular lenses, and "the prior art is insufficient in hardness, scratch-resistant or These lenticular lenses that do not rub wear are a problem such as a surface. In addition, the refractive index difference between the adhesive layer and the 3D optical structure is greater than a predetermined difference value, thereby improving the function of the display module to output a 3D image through the 3D display layer or the 3D display structure, and it is worth mentioning that the adhesive layer The thickness is greater than the convex height of each lenticular lens, and the viscosity of the adhesive layer is greater than a predetermined viscosity. Therefore, the glue layer of the present invention can completely cover the curved surface of each lenticular lens, thereby reducing the 3D image overlay and the 3D visual effect of the 3D display layer or the 3D display structure. The above summary and the following examples are intended to further illustrate the technical means and the efficiencies of the present invention, and the embodiments and drawings are merely provided for reference and are not intended to limit the present invention.

1‧‧‧3D display structure
10‧‧‧Base structure
101‧‧‧ first side
102‧‧‧ second side
L1‧‧‧ lenticular lens
12‧‧‧3D optical construction
14‧‧‧ glue layer
16‧‧‧Transparent layer
161‧‧‧ surface
162‧‧‧Fitting surface
C1‧‧‧ surface
Thickness of T1‧‧‧ adhesive layer
Thickness of bt1‧‧‧ base structure
S1‧‧‧ protruding height
P1‧‧‧ spacing
SL‧‧‧3D display layer
SV‧‧ trough
Top of T‧‧‧
D1‧‧‧ first direction
PSA‧‧ ‧ adhesive layer
LCM‧‧‧ display module

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a 3D display structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view showing a lenticular lens according to another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a graph showing the refractive index difference value of another embodiment of the present invention - the radius of curvature of the lenticular lens. Fig. 4 is a graph showing the spot diameter of the refractive index difference value - 3D display of another embodiment of the present invention.

1‧‧‧3D display structure

10‧‧‧Base structure

101‧‧‧ first side

102‧‧‧ second side

L1‧‧ lens

12‧‧‧3D optical construction

14‧‧‧ glue layer

16‧‧‧Transparent layer

161‧‧‧ surface

162‧‧‧Fitting surface

C1‧‧‧ surface

T1‧‧‧ glue layer thickness

S1‧‧‧ protruding height

SL‧‧‧3D display layer

Top of T‧‧‧

D1‧‧‧ first direction

PSA‧‧ ‧ adhesive layer

LCM‧‧‧ display module

Claims (9)

A 3D display layer is configured to form a 3D display structure with a light transmissive layer. The 3D display structure is disposed on a display module. The 3D display layer includes: a base structure having a first surface and a second surface a 3D optical structure formed on the first side of the base structure, the 3D optical structure includes a plurality of lenses, a top of each of the lenses protruding toward a first direction, and each of the lenses has a curved surface; and a glue a layer covering the curved surface of each of the lenses, the adhesive layer connecting the light transmissive layer and the 3D optical structure; wherein a difference in refractive index between the adhesive layer and the 3D optical structure is greater than a predetermined difference value, and one of the adhesive layers The thickness is greater than a protruding height of each of the lenses, and the adhesive layer has a viscosity greater than a predetermined viscosity. The 3D display layer of claim 1, wherein the substrate is constructed as a polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and the adhesive layer is an Optical Clear Adhesive (OCA). The 3D display layer of claim 1, wherein the 3D optical structure has a refractive index greater than a refractive index of the adhesive layer, and the predetermined difference value is 0.1, and the predetermined viscosity is greater than or equal to 1 kg/in2. The 3D display layer of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the adhesive layer is equal to or greater than 3 times the convex height of each of the lenses. The 3D display layer of claim 1, wherein the adhesive layer is a fluoropolymer. A 3D display structure is applicable to a display module having a display surface, the 3D display structure comprising: a 3D display layer as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5; and a light transmissive layer having a surface And the bonding surface is connected to the adhesive layer with respect to a bonding surface of the surface. The 3D display structure of claim 6, wherein the surface of the light transmissive layer is coated with one or a combination of a scratch resistant layer, an anti-staining layer and an anti-reflective layer, the light transmissive layer being a Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), a glass or a polycarbonate (Polycarbonates, PC). The 3D display structure of claim 6, wherein the light transmissive layer has a haze of 2% to 7%, and the transmissive layer has a refractive index greater than a refractive index of the adhesive layer. The 3D display structure of claim 6, wherein each of the lenses is made of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).