TW201712222A - Magnetic effect type constant speed controller of aerogenerator - Google Patents

Abstract

A magnetic effect type constant speed controller of aerogenerator includes a magnetic ring, a coil, a voltage regulator and a drive device, wherein the voltage regulator is electrically connected to the coil, the coil is positioned in a seat and the magnetic ring is rotatably received in the coil. The magnetic ring is contact free with the coil. A shaft of the magnetic ring is connected and rotated with a shaft of an impeller of the aerogenerator via the drive device. The voltage regulator forms a constant voltage value for reversely forming a constant magnetic effect to change the angle of attack of blade for protecting the impeller from an overspeed operation and automatically controlling the impeller being operated in a constant revolution speed.

Description

Magnetic friction type constant speed control structure of wind power generator

The invention relates to a local structure of a wind power generator; in particular to a novel magnetic friction type constant speed control structure type revealer of a wind power generator.

The operating principle of wind turbines is mainly to convert wind energy into mechanical energy, and then convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. Finally, the battery can be used to store electrical energy. In terms of structural surface, the currently visible wind power generator has Most of the blades adopt a similar type of wing to achieve better wind energy utilization efficiency.

The motion process of a wind turbine includes the unsteady state of acceleration at the beginning of the start, as well as the steady state of power generation, and the over-current protection state that is entered when the wind speed is too strong; and the biggest challenge faced by wind turbines is actually The unsteady acceleration process before steady state operation and the protection process exceeding the critical load state are achieved.

Wind turbines, whether large or small, are inevitably required to set speed limit protection. Large wind turbines have long been protected by passive leaf angle control structures. However, such conventional structures are passive structures. In the case of strong winds, as long as one of the passive leaf angle control structures fails, serious consequences will result. Furthermore, because the blades of large wind turbines are extremely heavy (possibly up to several metric tons), the angular kinetic energy required is relatively more Large, but the current passive leaf angle control structure is mostly hydraulically operated, so that its kinetic energy is still seriously insufficient and the reaction speed is slow. It is impossible to perform fast and accurate constant speed tracking control function, resulting in poor sensitivity of the blade angle servo response. However, the conventional passive leaf angle control structure has disadvantages such as high cost, high failure rate and waste of energy. As for small wind turbines, the speed limit protection usually uses stall blades and there is still a speed limit function. Stable, inaccurate and other issues and shortcomings.

On the other hand, looking at the current structural design of wind turbines around the world, synchronous speed seems to be a general development trend, that is, wind turbines are required to maintain a stable power output state within a certain range of wind conditions. At present, the relevant industry to solve this problem is usually achieved through sophisticated electronic automatic control mechanisms (such as doubly-fed electronic control systems). However, this electronic automatic control mechanism is quite expensive in terms of practice. It is criticized by people, and this technology does not solve the fundamental problem that wind turbines cannot operate at a constant speed.

Therefore, in view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned conventional wind turbine technology, how to develop a constant speed regulation structure of an innovative wind turbine with simple structure and more ideal practicability, and the relevant industry should further consider the breakthrough goal and Direction.

In view of this, the inventor has been engaged in the manufacturing development and design experience of related products for many years. After detailed design and careful evaluation, the inventor has finally obtained the practical invention.

The main object of the present invention is to provide an automatic adjustment of the blade angle structure of a wind power generator, and the technical problem to be solved is to aim at how to develop a new wind turbine blade angle adjustment structure which is more ideal and practical. Think about innovation breakthroughs. The magnetic friction type constant speed control structure is configured to be disposed on a wind power generator structure, the wind power generator includes a shaft seat, a mandrel screwed on the shaft seat, a hub disposed at one end of the mandrel, and is disposed around the hub The blade is rotated by the support shaft to change the blade angle of attack.

The technical feature of the present invention is mainly that the magnetic friction type constant speed control structure comprises a magnet ring, a coil, a voltage limiting unit and a transmission mechanism; wherein the voltage limiting unit is electrically connected to the coil, and the coil is positioned on the shaft. The magnet ring is arranged in the coil by a rotating shaft in a spaced relationship, and the rotating shaft of the magnet ring is transmitted through the transmission mechanism and the blade support shaft of the wind power generator, and the pressure limiting unit forms a set pressure limit value for reverse The operation between the magnet ring and the coil generates a magnetic friction effect in a constant speed form, and then the fulcrum is driven by the transmission mechanism to change the blade angle of attack.

The main effect and advantage of the present invention is that when the rotation speed of the magnet ring exceeds the set pressure limit value of the pressure limiting unit, the reverse automatic feeding control causes the magnetic ring friction between the magnet ring and the coil to generate a constant speed, thereby driving The transmission mechanism drives the blade support shaft to change the angle of attack to reduce the blade wind resistance of the wind turbine, and achieves the effects of over-rotation protection or constant-speed automatic regulation, and the invention has a simple component and is relatively suitable for various specifications. Wind turbine structure.

Referring to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, there is shown a preferred embodiment of the automatic adjustment of the blade angle structure of the wind power generator of the present invention, but the embodiments are for illustrative purposes only, and The magnetic friction type constant speed control structure is provided for the structure of a wind power generator 10, and the wind power generator 10 includes a shaft seat 11 and a spindle that is screwed on the shaft base 11 12. A hub 13 disposed at one end of the mandrel 12 and at least two blades 14 disposed around the hub 13. The blade 14 is rotated by the support shaft 15 and the hub 13 is rotatable to change the angle of attack of the blade 14. The magnetic friction type constant speed control structure includes a magnet ring 20, a coil 30, a voltage limiting unit 40, and a transmission mechanism 50. The voltage limiting unit 40 is electrically connected to the coil 30, and the coil 30 is positioned. In the shaft seat 11, the magnet ring 20 is disposed in the coil 30 in a spaced relationship, and the magnet ring 20 is coupled to the blade 14 of the wind generator 10 via the transmission mechanism 50, and the pressure limiting unit 40 is formed. A set pressure limit value is used to reverse the operation between the magnet ring 20 and the coil 30 Health magnetic constant speed in the form of friction, and thus drive the support shaft 50 through a transmission mechanism 15 to vary the angle of attack of the blade 14.

As shown in the first, fourth, and fifth embodiments, the hub 13 of the wind power generator 10 can be recessed to form a receiving slot 131 for the inner end of the shaft 15 of the blade 14, and the receiving slot 131 is before and after. The two side spacers are provided with a front side wall 133 and a rear side wall 132. The transmission mechanism 50 includes a guiding pin 51 disposed on each of the blades 14 and 15 of the shafts 15 . The guiding pin 51 has a diameter relative to the shaft 15 of the blade 14 . The extending pin type includes a front side protruding end 514 and a rear side protruding end 512. The rear side protruding end 512 protrudes toward the rear side wall 132, and the front side protruding end 514 faces forward. The side wall 133 is protruded; the rear side limiting hole 52 is disposed on the rear side wall 132 for the rear side convex end 512 of the guide pin 51 of the corresponding blade 14 fulcrum 15 to be fitted; the front side long guide The hole 53 is disposed on the front side wall 133 for engaging the front side protruding end 514 of the guiding pin 51 of the corresponding blade 14 fulcrum 15, and the front side elongated guiding hole 53 guides the guiding pin 51 generates a set angle yaw motion, which in turn drives the blade 14 pivot 15 to rotate an angle; the elastic return member 54 is coupled to each of the guide pin 51 and the receiving slot Between the corresponding positioning points of the 131, the guiding pin 51 of the yaw is returned to the original position; a transmission seat 55 is rotatably assembled to the outer circumference of the mandrel 12 of the wind power generator 10, the transmission seat The transmission portion 551 is provided at one end of the 55 to drive the front side protruding end 514 of each of the guide pins 51. (Note: "Before" and "after" used in the elements of the present invention are defined as the windward side of the wind turbine 10, and the hollow arrow L1 in the first, fourth, fifth, and sixth figures represents the wind. Blowing direction)

In the embodiment described in the preceding paragraph, wherein one end of the transmission base 55 can abut against the front side wall 133 of the hub 13, and the transmission portion 551 is formed in a hole type, thereby driving each of the guide pins through the sleeve matching type. 51 front side convex end 514.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the magnet ring 20 is annularly disposed on the outer circumference of the transmission base 55 , and the magnet ring 20 and the transmission base 55 are in the same state. The coil 30 is disposed on the shaft seat 11 of the wind power generator 10 . Fixed state. For the purpose of this example, the assembly positions of the magnet ring 20 and the coil 30 are substantially replaceable with each other, but it is necessary to consider that when the coil 30 is reconfigured to be rotatable at the inner circumference, Since the coil 30 has to be connected to the output line, it is necessary to install a rotary circuit connector.

With the above structural composition and technical features, the operation of the preferred embodiment of the magnetic friction type constant speed control structure disclosed in the present invention is as follows: as shown in FIG. 1, when the blade 14 of the wind power generator 10 When the wind shaft 12 (shown by the arrow L1 in the figures 1, 4, 5, and 6) drives the mandrel 12 and the hub 13 to rotate, the rotation of the hub 13 is synchronized by the connection relationship of the guide pins 51. The drive base 55 is driven to rotate. During this process, the magnet ring 20 in the magnetic friction type constant speed control structure rotates in the coil 30 to form an operating structure like a generator, so the coil 30 generates an output voltage during this process. The output voltage is relatively larger as the rotational speed of the magnet ring 20 is higher. On the other hand, the voltage limiting unit 40 electrically connected to the coil 30 may be, but not limited to, a battery 41 matched with the rectifier circuit 42. The method (as shown in FIG. 1) is implemented because the voltage limiting unit 40 forms a set voltage limit value, and the set pressure limiting value reversely limits the output voltage of the coil 30, thereby limiting the voltage. Automated feedback control As a result, the operation between the magnet ring 20 and the coil 30 forms a magnetic friction effect in a constant speed form, which is similar to a braking effect, and the so-called braking effect is relative to the speed of the blade 14 and the hub 13 of the wind power generator 10. In other words, when the wind is too large, the blade 14 and the mandrel 12 tend to be in an over-rotation state. At this time, the coil 30 may exert a magnetic frictional deceleration effect on the magnet ring 20 due to the pressure limiting action of the pressure limiting unit 40. Thereby, a relative dislocation state is generated between the transmission portion 551 of the transmission base 55 and the front side wall 133 of the hub 13 (as indicated by an arrow L2 in FIG. 6), and the re-drive causes the yaw pin 51 to generate a yaw motion (eg, 6 (arrow arrow L3), thereby driving the blade 14 to rotate an angle (as shown by the arrow L4 in Fig. 6, that is, from the original large angle of attack to a small angle of attack) to reduce the wind turbine 10 blade 14 wind resistance, thereby achieving the effect of over-rotation protection (or constant speed control); then, when the rotation speed of the blade 14 and the mandrel 12 returns to the normal state, the resistance of the aforementioned magnet ring 20 is relatively released. The moving pin 51 can be returned to the original position by the elastic tension of the elastic return member 54 (ie, the fifth In the state of the present invention, the blade 14 of the wind power generator 10 can automatically change the leaf angle when the blade 14 of the wind power generator 10 reaches a preset speed value by the arrangement of the magnetic friction type constant speed control structure. The invention enables the wind turbine 10 to be operationally operated, and its climb curve (such as curve B1 in Fig. 7) is maintained in a stable curve state after the wind reaches a certain level, which is compared with the conventional wind turbine. In terms of the speed climb curve (as in curves B2 and B3 in Fig. 7), the present invention can indeed achieve the efficacy claim of its over-rotation protection.

On the other hand, the present invention can also achieve the function claim of maintaining a constant speed, and the present invention achieves the function of maintaining a constant speed only by a simple mechanical structure, without using the conventionally complicated and costly doubly-fed electronic The control system can achieve better industrial economic benefits. Moreover, due to the driving of the blade 14 of the blade 14 in the present invention, the power source is actually realized by the structure of the blade 14 itself driven by the wind power generator 10 (Note: since the action is achieved, the two components are utilized. The difference between the rotation speeds, so the adjustment of the blade angle is quite easy and labor-saving. When the wind speed is large, the torque can be naturally driven. When the wind speed is small, the torque can be relatively small. This feature is completely different from the conventional one. The action is then forced to drive the shape of the blade shaft by the motor. The blade angle adjustment action of the present invention can be said to be an immediate reaction, and there is almost no delay or phenomenon.

As shown in FIG. 8 , one end of the transmission seat 55B can also be disposed in a spaced relationship with the front side wall 133 of the hub 13 , and each of the front side protruding ends 514 of the guiding pin 51 is provided with a telescopic extension arm 516 , and the transmission seat 55B . The transmission portion 551 is a ring-shaped type and the spacer ring is provided with a locking bolt 552. Each end of the telescopic extension arm 516 is provided with a connecting hole 518 for being locked to the transmission seat 55B by the locking bolt 552. Transmission portion 551. For the implementation of the present embodiment, please refer to the figures 9 and 10 and the 11th and 12th drawings in sequence. The difference between the embodiment and the first embodiment shown in the first to sixth embodiments is mainly in the case of the telescopic type. The shape of the extension arm 516 can create a leverage for the longer force arm, allowing the drive seat 55B to be more powerful and responsive to the support of the blade 14 pivot 15 .

As shown in FIG. 8, the magnet ring 20B and the coil 30B may be disposed in a casing 60 in a coaxially spaced peripheral arrangement. The casing 60 is disposed at a shaft seat 11 of the wind power generator 10. A receiving shaft 21 is disposed in the center of the magnet ring 20B. The driven shaft 21 is provided with a driven gear 22, and a transmission ring 553 is disposed on the outer periphery of the transmission seat 55B of the transmission mechanism 50 to mesh with the driven gear 22 to make the magnet ring 20B and The drive base 55B is in the same state. In addition to this example, the assembly positions of the magnet ring 20B and the coil 30B are substantially replaceable with each other, but it is necessary to consider that when the coil 30B is changed to be in a rotatable state at the inner circumference, Since the coil 30B is to be connected to the output line, it is necessary to install a rotary circuit connector.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, wherein the hub 13 of the hub 13 is provided with a corresponding axial position of the corresponding shaft 14 of the blade 131, an inner shaft seat 70 is further provided, and the inner shaft base 70 is provided with a guide pin on opposite sides. The rear side protruding end 512 of the post 51 and the front side protruding end 514 extend through the two through holes 71, so that the guiding pin 51 is sleeved with two bearings 72, and is in rolling engagement with the two through holes 71.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 13 , a rolling support member 80 (such as a ball turntable structure type) may be further disposed between the inner end of the blade 14B support shaft 15B of the wind power generator 10 and the periphery of the hub 13B; The 50B system includes a guide rod 56 disposed on each of the blades 14B, the guide rod 56 is radially extended with respect to the support shaft 15B of the blade 14B, and the guide rod 56 includes a telescopically projecting end. 561; a transmission seat 55B is rotatably disposed on the outer circumference of the mandrel 12 of the wind power generator 10, and one end of the transmission base 55B is provided with a transmission portion 551 for driving the telescopic protruding end 561 of each of the guide rods 56. .

Advantages of the Invention: The "automatic adjustment of the blade angle structure of a wind power generator" disclosed by the present invention mainly consists of the innovative unique structural type and technical features of the magnet ring, the coil, the voltage limiting unit and the transmission mechanism. According to the conventional structure proposed in the prior art, when the rotation speed of the magnet ring exceeds the set pressure limit value of the pressure limiting unit, the reverse automatic feeding control causes a constant speed between the operation of the magnet ring and the coil. The form of magnetic friction acts to drive the transmission mechanism to change the angle of attack of the blade support shaft to reduce the blade rotation speed of the wind turbine to achieve over-rotation protection or constant-speed automatic regulation and the like, and the component of the invention is simple and small in size. It is quite suitable for the wind turbine structure of various specifications, and can effectively solve the problem that the conventional wind turbine is easily damaged by high speed over-rotation.

The above embodiments are intended to be illustrative of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The principles are changed and modified to achieve an equivalent purpose, and such changes and modifications are to be included in the scope defined by the scope of the patent application as described later.

10‧‧‧ Wind Turbines 11‧‧‧ Shafts 12‧‧‧ Mandrel 13, 13B‧‧ Wheels 131‧‧‧Slots 132‧‧‧Back Side 133‧‧‧ Front Side Walls 14, 14B‧ ‧ Blades 15, 15B‧‧‧ Support shafts 20, 20B‧‧‧ Magnet rings 21‧‧‧ Driven shafts 22‧‧‧Accepted gears 30, 30B‧‧‧ coils 40‧‧‧ Pressure limiting unit 41‧‧‧Battery 42 ‧‧‧Rectifier circuit 50, 50B‧‧‧Transmission mechanism 51‧‧‧Drive pin 512‧‧‧ Rear side extension 514‧‧‧ Front side extension 516‧‧‧ Telescopic extension arm 518‧‧‧ Connection Hole 52‧‧‧ rear side limiting hole 53‧‧‧ front side elongated guiding hole 54‧‧‧Elastic resetting member 55, 55B‧‧‧ Transmission seat 551‧‧‧ Transmission part 552‧‧‧Locking bolt 553‧ ‧ ‧ transmission gear ring 56‧‧ ‧ guide rod 561‧‧ ‧ telescopic protruding end 60‧‧‧ housing 70‧‧‧ inner shaft seat 71‧‧‧ penetration hole 72‧ ‧ 80‧‧‧ rolling bearing support member

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a partial structure of a preferred embodiment of the structure of the present invention. Figure 2 is a plan front elevational view of a portion of a preferred embodiment of the structure of the present invention. (Note: This figure is facing the windward side) Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of the structure of the present invention. (Note: This figure is facing the windward side) Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing a partial structure of a preferred embodiment of the structure of the present invention. Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the unactuated state of the guide pin of the present invention. Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the yaw state of the guide pin of the present invention. Figure 7 is a graph showing the relationship between wind power and speed of the present invention. Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a partial structure of another embodiment of the structure of the present invention. Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing the unactuated state of the telescopic extension arm of another embodiment of the structure of the present invention. Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the state of the blade angle corresponding to Fig. 9. Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the state of operation of the telescopic extension arm of another embodiment of the structure of the present invention. Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing the state of the blade angle corresponding to Fig. 11. Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a partial structure of still another embodiment of the structure of the present invention.

10‧‧‧Wind Generator

11‧‧‧ shaft seat

12‧‧‧ mandrel

13‧‧·wheels

131‧‧‧容槽

132‧‧‧back side wall

133‧‧‧ front side wall

14‧‧‧ leaves

15‧‧‧ Support shaft

20‧‧‧ magnet ring

30‧‧‧ coil

40‧‧‧pressure limiting unit

41‧‧‧Battery

42‧‧‧Rectifier circuit

50‧‧‧Transmission mechanism

51‧‧‧Guiding pin

512‧‧‧Back side extension

514‧‧‧Front side extension

52‧‧‧Back side limit hole

53‧‧‧Front side guide hole

54‧‧‧Elastic reset member

55‧‧‧Drive seat

551‧‧‧Transmission Department

Claims (8)

A magnetic friction type constant speed regulating structure for a wind power generator, wherein the magnetic friction type constant speed regulating structure is used for being disposed on a wind power generator structure, the wind power generator includes a shaft seat and is screwed on the shaft seat a mandrel, a hub disposed at one end of the mandrel, and at least two blades disposed at a periphery of the hub, wherein the blade is rotated by the support shaft to rotate the hub to change the angle of attack of the blade; the magnetic friction type The constant speed control structure comprises a magnet ring, a coil, a voltage limiting unit and a transmission mechanism; wherein the voltage limiting unit is electrically connected to the coil, the coil is positioned on the shaft seat, and the magnet ring is arranged in the coil to be spaced correspondingly a relationship, and the magnet ring is connected to the blade support shaft of the wind power generator through the transmission mechanism, and the pressure limiting unit forms a set pressure limit value for reversely generating a fixed speed form between the magnet ring and the coil The magnetic friction acts to drive the fulcrum through the transmission mechanism to change the blade angle of attack. The magnetic friction type constant speed control structure of the wind power generator according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the hub of the wind power generator is circumferentially concavely formed to form a receiving groove for the inner end of the blade support shaft, A front side wall and a rear side wall are disposed on the rear side of the receiving groove; the transmission mechanism includes: a guiding pin, which is disposed on each blade supporting shaft, and the guiding pin column is radially extended with respect to the blade supporting shaft And the guiding pin includes a rear side protruding end and a front side protruding end, the rear side protruding end protruding toward the rear side wall, the front side protruding end protruding toward the front side wall; the rear side limiting hole, It is disposed on the rear side wall for the rear side convex end of the guide pin column provided with the corresponding blade support shaft to fit into the front side; the front side long guide hole is disposed on the front side wall for the corresponding blade support shaft The front side protruding end of the guiding pin protrudes into engagement, and the front side elongated guiding hole guides the guiding pin to generate a set angle yaw motion, thereby driving the blade supporting shaft to rotate by an angle; the elastic returning member is connected to The corresponding setting of each guiding pin and the receiving groove Between the positions, the guiding pin of the yaw is returned to the original position; a transmission seat is arranged in a rotatable state on the outer circumference of the mandrel of the wind power generator, and the transmission part is provided at one end of the transmission seat to drive the guides The front side of the moving pin protrudes. The magnetic friction type constant speed control structure of the wind power generator according to claim 2, wherein one end of the transmission base abuts against a rear side wall of the receiving groove of the hub, and the transmission portion is formed into a hole type Therefore, the front side protruding end of each guiding pin is driven by the set matching type. The magnetic friction type constant speed control structure of the wind power generator according to the second aspect of the invention, wherein one end of the transmission seat is spaced apart from the rear side wall of the receiving groove of the hub, and each of the guiding pin posts is laterally convex. The extension end is provided with a telescopic extension arm, the transmission part of the transmission base is a ring type and the spacer ring is provided with a locking bolt, and each end of the telescopic extension arm is provided with a connection hole to be latched by the aforementioned lock It is set in the transmission part of the transmission base. The magnetic friction type constant speed control structure of the wind power generator according to the third or fourth aspect of the invention, wherein the magnet ring is disposed on the outer circumference of the transmission base, and the magnet ring and the transmission base are in the same state, and the coil is The shaft seat of the wind turbine is fixed. The magnetic friction type constant speed control structure of the wind power generator according to the third or fourth aspect of the invention, wherein the magnet ring and the coil system are arranged in a coaxial inner and outer peripheral arrangement relationship in a casing, the casing The set is located at a shaft seat of the wind power generator. The center of the magnet ring is provided with a driven shaft. The driven shaft is provided with a driven gear. The outer periphery of the transmission seat of the transmission mechanism is provided with a transmission toothed ring to mesh with the driven gear to make the magnet ring It is in the same state as the drive base. The magnetic friction type constant speed control structure of the wind power generator according to the fourth aspect of the invention, wherein the position of the support shaft of the hub is further provided with an inner shaft seat, and the inner shaft seat Two through holes are provided on the opposite sides for the front side protruding end and the rear side protruding end of the guiding pin column, so that the guiding pin set has two bearing systems and the two through holes are in rolling engagement with the two through holes. The magnetic friction type constant speed control structure of the wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein the wind generator has a rolling support member between the inner end of the blade and the periphery of the hub; the transmission mechanism includes: a guiding rod is disposed on each blade supporting shaft, the guiding rod is radially extended with respect to the blade supporting shaft, and the guiding rod includes a telescopic protruding end; and a transmission seat is in a rotatable state set On the outer circumference of the mandrel of the wind power generator, one end of the transmission seat is provided with a transmission portion for driving the telescopic protruding end of each of the guiding rods.