TW201709638A - Motion prediction for wireless power transfer - Google Patents

Abstract

A signal generator generates an electrical signal that is sent to an amplifier, which increases the power of the signal using power from a power source. The amplified signal is fed to a sender transducer to generate ultrasonic waves that can be focused and sent to a receiver. The receiver transducer converts the ultrasonic waves back into electrical energy and stores it in an energy storage device, such as a battery, or uses the electrical energy to power a device. In this way, a device can be remotely charged or powered without having to be tethered to an electrical outlet.

Description

Motion prediction for wireless power transmission

Cross-reference to related applications

The present application claims priority to a continuation-in-part of U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 14/635,861, filed on Mar. </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> </ RTI> <RTIgt; The present application is also related to the following patent application: U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 13/477,452, entitled "Sender Communications for Wireless Power Transfer"; U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 13/477,551, entitled "Receiver Communications for Wireless Power Transfer"; entitled "Sender Transducer for US Patent Application No. 13/477,555, entitled "Receiver Transducer for Wireless Power Transfer"; US Patent Application Serial No. 13/477,565, entitled "Sender Controller for Wireless Power Transfer"; U.S. Patent Application Ser.

Field of invention

The present invention relates to motion prediction for wireless power transmission.

Background of the invention

Wiring can be used to plug a device that requires energy to operate into a power source. This may limit the movement of the device and limit the operation of the device to a specific maximum distance from the power source. Inside. Even most battery powered devices must periodically use a cord to connect to the power source, which may be inconvenient and restrictive.

Summary of invention

In accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed subject matter, the system includes at least one first transducer, wherein the first transducer is configured to convert electrical energy to ultrasonic energy in the form of ultrasound. The first transducer is in communication with the first controller and the first controller is in communication with the first communication device.

In another embodiment of the disclosed subject matter, the system includes at least one second transducer, wherein the second transducer is configured to convert ultrasonic energy in the form of ultrasound into electrical energy. The second transducer is in communication with the second controller and the second controller is in communication with the second communication device.

Additional features, advantages, and embodiments of the disclosed subject matter can be made apparent from the Detailed Description of the Drawings. In addition, it is to be understood that both the foregoing summary and the following detailed description of the embodiments are intended to

101‧‧‧transmitter

102‧‧‧Power supply

103‧‧‧Signal Generator

104‧‧‧Amplifier

105‧‧‧Sender controller

106‧‧‧Transmitter transducer

107‧‧‧ Ultrasound

108‧‧‧ Receiver

109‧‧‧ Receiver Transducer

110‧‧‧ energy storage device

111‧‧‧ Receiver Controller

112, 113‧‧‧ antenna

114‧‧‧Power Processor

115‧‧‧ processor

201‧‧‧ source hole

202, 203, 204‧‧‧ sub-holes

205, 206, 207, 305, 306, 307, 308 ‧ ‧ target focus

301, 302, 303, 304‧‧‧ source targets

The drawings included to provide a further understanding of the disclosed subject matter are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The figures also illustrate embodiments of the disclosed subject matter, and together with the specific embodiments, are used to illustrate the principles of the embodiments of the disclosed subject matter. Regarding the basic understanding of the disclosed subject matter, as well as the various ways in which the subject matter can be practiced, there is no attempt to present structural details in a more detailed manner than desired.

Figure 1 shows a system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 illustrates a system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 illustrates a system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiment

Embodiments of the disclosed subject matter can convert electrical energy into acoustic energy, wherein the acoustic energy can be transmitted to a device that converts the acoustic energy back to electrical energy. The converted electrical energy can be used to power the device and charge one or more energy storage components of the device, such as batteries, capacitors, and the like. This eliminates the need to use a cord to connect to the power source constantly or periodically. Embodiments may transfer energy to multiple devices in turn, or in any suitable sequence, in the presence of any suitable duration of dwell time.

FIG. 1 illustrates a system in accordance with the disclosed subject matter. Transmitter 101 can receive electrical energy from a power source 102, such as an electrical outlet or battery, as an input. Signal generator 103 can generate a signal that can be amplified by amplifier 104. This can be done under the control of the controller 105. The amplified signal can be sent to the transmitter transducer 106, and the ultrasonic energy in the form of the ultrasonic wave 107 can be transmitted via a medium such as air. The receiver 108 can include a receiver transducer 109, wherein the receiver transducer 109 receives ultrasonic energy in the form of ultrasonic waves and converts the ultrasonic energy into electrical energy, wherein the electrical energy can be used to energy storage device 110 or power processing The device 111 performs charging. Examples of the energy storage device 110 may include batteries, capacitors, sensing circuits, and the like. Examples of the device 105 may include a smart phone (such as an Android mobile device, an iPhone, a mobile device with a Microsoft operating system, etc.), a portable computer (such as an Apple notebook computer, a notebook computer with a Microsoft operating system, etc.) and an electronic device. Content readers (such as Amazon Kindle, Apple iPad, etc.). The controller 111 can control the receiver transducer 109 and/or the energy storage device 110.

The controller 105 can be connected to the antenna 112 and the controller 111 can be connected to the antenna 113. Transmitter controller 105 and receiver controller 111 can communicate via antennas 112 and 113, as described below.

Transmitter transducer 106 can include a plurality of transducers arranged in an array of focused beams that can generate ultrasonic energy. Transmitter transducer 106 may include at least one capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT), capacitive ultrasonic transducer (CUT), electrostatic transducer, or any other transducer suitable for converting electrical energy into acoustic energy. In order to generate focused ultrasonic energy via a phased array, the transmitter transducer 106 can include a time delay transducer or a parametric array transducer, or a bowl transducer array. The transmitter 101 can be, for example, approximately Operating from 20 kHz to about 120 kHz to emit, for example, up to about 155 dB of ultrasonic energy via air. In order to perform ultrasonic transmission via other mediums, the transmitter 101 can operate, for example, at a frequency greater than or equal to 1 MHz. Transmitter transducer 106 may have a high electromechanical conversion (eg, an efficiency of approximately 40%) corresponding to a loss of approximately 3 dB.

The transmitter controller 105 can cause the transmitter transducer 106 to emit ultrasonic waves based on the proximity of the transmitter transducer 106 (or typically the transmitter 101) relative to the receiver transducer 109. The receiver transducer 109 can convert the ultrasonic energy received from the transmitter transducer 106 into electrical energy. As used herein, the proximity may be the actual or effective distance between the transmitter transducer 106 and the like and the receiver transducer 109, and the like. The effective distance may be based on the efficiency of energy transfer between the transmitter transducer 106 and the receiver transducer 109 based on various factors, which may include, but are not limited to, the relative positions of the two; the transmitter and the receiver Characteristics of the conductive medium (eg, air, tissue, etc.) between the devices; relative orientation of the transmitter and receiver; obstacles that may exist between the transmitter and the receiver; relative movement between the transmitter and the receiver; and many more. In some cases, although the first transmitter/receiver pair is separated by a larger absolute distance than the second transmitter/receiver pair, the first pair may have a higher proximity than the second pair .

Transmitter controller 105 can direct the beam of ultrasonic energy to receiver transducer 109. Additionally, the transmitter controller 105 can cause the transmitter transducer 105 to emit ultrasonic waves having at least one frequency and at least one amplitude. The transmitter controller 105 can cause the transmitter transducer 106 to change the frequency, phase, and/or of at least a portion of the ultrasonic waves based on the proximity and/or position of the transmitter transducer 106 relative to the receiver transducer 109. amplitude. Additionally, the transmitter controller 105 can cause the transmitter transducer 105 to change based on the frequency of the ultrasonic energy emitted by the transmitter transducer or based on information related to the reception of the ultrasonic energy as determined by the receiver controller 111. The phase and/or amplitude of at least a portion of the ultrasonic waves in the ultrasonic waves.

Transmitter controller 105 and receiver controller 111 can communicate via antennas 112 and 113. Thus, the receiver controller can essentially control the characteristics and amplitude of the energy generated by the transmitter transducer 106 by sending commands to the transmitter controller 105. this In addition, the transmitter controller 105 can control the characteristics of the transmitter transducer 106 based on data and/or commands received from the receiver controller 111. Likewise, the transmitter controller can control the characteristics of the energy transmitted by the transmitter transducer 106 independently of the input from the receiver controller 111.

Transmitter controller 105 can include a transmitter communication device (not shown) that can transmit an interrogation signal to detect receiver transducer 109. The transmitter communication device can transmit a control signal to a receiver communication device (not shown) that is coupled to the receiver controller 111. The receiver controller 111 can control the receiver transducer 109. The control signal can include the frequency and/or amplitude of the ultrasonic energy emitted by the transmitter transducer 106. This control signal can be used to determine the proximity and/or orientation of the transmitter transducer 106 relative to the receiver transducer 109. Additionally, the control signal can include an indication to be performed by the receiver controller 109 and can also include information related to the impedance of the transmitter transducer 106.

The transmitter communication device can receive the control signal from a receiver communication device that can communicate with the receiver controller 111. The control signal can include a desired power level, frequency, phase, and/or amplitude of the ultrasonic energy received from the transmitter transducer 106. Additionally, the control signal can include an impedance of the receiver transducer 109, a request for power, and/or an indication to be performed by the transmitter controller 105. The control signal can be used to determine the proximity of the transmitter transducer relative to the receiver transducer and/or the relative orientation of the transmitter transducer relative to the receiver transducer. In addition, the control signal can also represent a power condition. Such power conditions may, for example, represent the amount of power available to the receiver 108, such as the remaining percentage, the percentage of expenditure, the amount of Joules, or the equivalent remaining in the receiver energy storage device 110. The control signal may be transmitted by modulating at least a portion of the ultrasonic waves in the ultrasound, and/or may be, for example, using a separate radio frequency transmitter, or by transmitting signals via a cellular telephone network or via a Wi-Fi network, or using optical or infrared Transmit to send the control signal in an out-of-band manner. For example, the signal can be sent via text, instant message, email, or the like.

Transmitter 101 may also include ultrasonic waves that may be known as function generators, tone generators, arbitrary waveform generators, or digital pattern generators in various ways. One or more waveform signal generators 103. The controller 105 itself may include an oscillator, an amplifier, a processor, a memory, and the like (not shown). The processor of the controller can also execute an indication stored in the memory to use the signal generator 103 to generate a particular waveform. The waveform generated by the signal generator 103 can be amplified by the amplifier 104. The controller 105 can adjust how and when the transducer 106 is activated.

The electrical power source 102 used by the transmitter 101 can be an AC (alternating current) or DC (direct current) power source, or any combination of pulses or DC bias and time varying sources superimposed on the DC bias can be used. In the case of an AC power source, the transmitter 101 can include a power processor 114 that is electrically coupled to the signal generator 103. Power processor 114 can receive AC power from power source 102 to generate DC power.

The emitted ultrasonic beam 107 can undergo constructive interference and generate narrow main lobes and low side lobes to help focus and/or direct ultrasonic energy. It is also possible to use a technique such as geometric focusing, time reversal method, beam formation via phase lag, or the like, or by using an electronically controlled array to focus the ultrasonic energy generated by the transmitter 101.

The transmitter 101 can scan the area of the receiver, can sense the position of the receiver in the room, can track the receiver, and can steer the ultrasound beam to the receiver. Transmitter 101 may be optional unless it is determined that receiver 108 is within a given range, or where receiver 108 meets some other suitable criteria, such as full charging or having an identification word valid for transmitter 101, etc. The ground does not emit ultrasonic energy.

Transmitter 101 can be mechanically and/or electronically directed toward receiver 108. For example, in some embodiments, the transmitter may be tilted in the XY direction using a motor, or may be in a pre-fixed position, and the beam may be electronically steered in the Z direction. Transmitter 101 can transmit ultrasonic energy to receiver 108 via line of sight transmission or by equally spreading ultrasonic pulses in all directions. For line-of-sight transmission, the transmitter 101 and the receiver 108 may physically face each other: the transmitter 101 may target the receiver 108 either physically or electronically (or both), or the receiver 108 may likewise be the transmitter 101 For the goal. Transmitter 101 can transmit, for example, an ultrasonic signal, a radio signal, an optical signal, an infrared signal, or other such signal to be sensed by receiver 108. Signals such as numbers are used to detect orientation, position, communication purposes, or for other purposes, or vice versa. One or both of the transmitter 101 and the receiver 108 may respectively include signal receivers such as antennas 112 and 113, respectively, wherein the signal receivers may receive signals from the receiver 108 or the transmitter 101, respectively. Also, the ultrasound itself can be used to transmit signals from the transmitter 101 to the receiver 108.

Transmitter 101 can be thermally regulated by managing the duty cycle of the signal generator and other components. Thermal conditioning can also be accomplished by mounting a heat sink to the transmitter transducer 106, using a fan, and/or flowing refrigerant through the transmitter and other thermal conditioning methods such as Peltier and other thermoelectric coolers.

The receiver 108 can include a receiver transducer 109, wherein the receiver transducer 109 can convert ultrasonic energy in the form of ultrasonic waves into electrical energy. Receiver transducer 109 may include one or more transducers arranged in an array that may receive unfocused ultrasonic energy or focused beams of ultrasonic energy. The receiver transducer 108 can include at least one capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT), a capacitive ultrasonic transducer (CUT), or an electrostatic transducer, or a piezoelectric transducer as described below, A combination, or any other type of transducer that can convert ultrasound into electrical energy. In order to receive focused ultrasonic energy via the phased array, the receiver transducer 109 can include a time delay transducer or a parametric transducer. Receiver 108 can operate, for example, from about 20 kHz to about 120 kHz to receive ultrasonic energy, for example, up to any suitable dB level (such as about 155 dB, etc.) via air. In order to receive ultrasonic energy via other media, the receiver 108 can operate, for example, at a frequency greater than or equal to 1 MHz. Receiver transducer 109 may have a high electromechanical conversion efficiency (eg, about 40%) that corresponds to a loss of about 3 dB.

Receiver transducer 109 can supply electrical energy to energy storage device 110 and/or processor 115. Examples of energy storage device 110 may include, but are not limited to, batteries, capacitive storage devices, electrostatic storage devices, and the like. Examples of processors may include, but are not limited to, a processor or chipset for use with a smart phone (such as an Android mobile device, an iPhone, a mobile device with a Microsoft operating system, etc.), a portable computer (such as an Apple laptop, with Microsoft) Operating system notebooks, etc.), electronic content readers (such as Amazon Kindle, Apple iPad, etc.), field programmable gate array (FPGA), and graphics processing unit (GPU) using general purpose graphics processing unit (GPGPU).

According to various embodiments, the receiver 108 may include a receiver transducer 109, where the receiver transducer 109 may be a piezoelectrically actuated bending mode transducer, a flexural transducer, a bending mode piezoelectric transducer , and/or Bimorph, Unimorph or Trimorph piezoelectric transducers such as a curved piezoelectric element manufactured by Morgan Electro Ceramics ("PZT One or more of them. These transducers can be mounted to a film of metal film or any other suitable material, and the configuration can resonate in a bending mode rather than in a brick mode. In an embodiment, the configuration can clamp the rim by mounting to the transducer housing. The PZT board can be electrically matched to the rectifier electronics. The PZT board can be a high Q resonator that can be held with a very low impedance material (the PZT board can resonate at a single frequency).

Receiver 108 may also include a receiver controller 111 in communication with receiver transducer 109. The receiver controller 109 can cause the receiver transducer 109 to receive ultrasound based on the proximity of the receiver transducer 109 relative to the transmitter transducer 106. The receiver transducer 109 can convert the ultrasonic energy received from the transmitter transducer 106 into electrical energy. The proximity may be the actual or effective distance between the receiver transducer 109 and the transmitter transducer 106. The effective distance may be based on the efficiency of energy transfer between the receiver transducer 109 and the transmitter transducer 106 based on various factors, which may include, but are not limited to, the relative positions of the two; the transmitter and the receiver Characteristics of the conductive medium (eg, air, tissue, etc.) between the devices; relative orientation of the transmitter and receiver; obstacles that may exist between the transmitter and the receiver; relative movement between the transmitter and the receiver; and many more. In some cases, although the first transmitter/receiver pair is separated by a larger absolute distance than the second transmitter/receiver pair, the first pair may have a higher proximity than the second pair .

The receiver controller 109 can cause the ultrasonic energy beam to be received from the transmitter transducer 106. Additionally, the receiver controller 109 can cause the transmitter transducer 106 to receive ultrasonic waves having at least one frequency and at least one amplitude.

The receiver 108 may also include a communication device (not shown), wherein the communication device may transmit an interrogation signal via the antenna 113 to detect the transmitter 101 and assist in determining characteristics of the transmitter 101 including the transmitter transducer 106. The receiver communication device can transmit a control signal to a transmitter communication device that can communicate with the transmitter controller 105. Transmitter controller 105 can control transmitter transducer 106. The control signal can include the frequency, phase, and/or amplitude of the ultrasonic waves received by the receiver transducer 109. This control signal can be used to determine the proximity and/or relative orientation of the receiver transducer 109 relative to the transmitter transducer 106. Additionally, the control signals can include, but are not limited to, an indication to be performed by the transmitter controller 105; an impedance of the receiver transducer 109; a desired power level; a desired frequency; a desired phase;

The receiver communication device can receive the control signal from a transmitter communication device that can communicate with the transmitter controller 105. The control signal can include the frequency, phase, and/or amplitude of the ultrasonic energy emitted by the transmitter transducer 106. Additionally, the control signal can include an indication to be performed by the receiver controller 111 and can also include an interrogation signal to detect the power condition from the receiver transducer 109. This control signal can be used to determine the proximity and/or relative orientation of the receiver transducer 109 relative to the transmitter transducer 106.

The communication device can transmit a signal by modulating the ultrasonic waves generated by the transducer for in-band communication. The communication device can also be used to modulate out-of-band signals, such as radio signals, optical signals, or infrared signals, to communicate with other communication devices. The radio signal can be generated by a separate radio transmitter that can use the antenna.

The system can include communication between the receiver and the transmitter to, for example, adjust the frequency to optimize performance in electroacoustic conversion, modulate the ultrasonic power output to match power requirements at the device connected to the receiver, and the like. For example, if it is determined that the ultrasonic wave received by the receiver 108 is too weak, a signal can be transmitted to the transmitter 101 via the communication device to increase the output power. Transmitter controller 105 can then cause transmitter transducer 106 to increase the power of the generated ultrasound. Also, the frequency, duration, phase, and directional characteristics (such as the degree of focus, etc.) of the ultrasonic waves can be adjusted accordingly.

Thus, in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed subject matter, transmitter 101 and receiver 108 can communicate to coordinate the transmission and reception of ultrasonic energy. The communication between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 108 may be in an in-band manner (eg, using ultrasound for transmitting power from the transmitter to the receiver and also carrying the communication signal) and/or out-of-band (eg, using Occurs with ultrasonic waves used to carry transmitter- or receiver-based power (or, for example, radio waves) at the transmitter and receiver. In an embodiment, a range detection system (not shown) may be included at the transmitter 101, the receiver 108, or both. The range detection system at the transmitter may use echolocation based on ultrasound sent to the receiver, Bluetooth wireless communication protocol, or any other wireless communication technology suitable for determining the range between the device and one or more other devices. For example, the strength of the Bluetooth or Wi-Fi signal can be used to estimate the actual or effective range between devices. For example, the weaker the signal, the greater the actual or effective distance that can be judged to exist between the two devices. Likewise, the device fails to establish a communication link with other devices (eg, using Bluetooth or Wi-Fi (eg, 802.11) signals), which may prove that the other device is outside of a particular distance or range of distance from the first device. In addition, a small portion of these waves can be reflected back from the receiver to the transmitter. The delay between the transmission and reception of the echo can help the transmitter determine the distance relative to the receiver. The receiver can also have a similar echolocation system that uses sound waves to estimate the distance between the receiver and the transmitter.

In embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter, the impedances of the first transducer 106 and the second transducer 109 may be the same and/or may be synchronized. In this regard, for example, the two transducers 106 and 109 can operate in the same frequency range and intensity range and can have the same sensitivity factor and beam width.

Communication between transmitter 101 and receiver 108 can also be used to exchange impedance information to help match the impedance of the system. Impedance information may include any information related to determining and/or matching the impedance of the transmitter and/or receiver that may be used to optimize energy transfer efficiency. For example, the receiver 108 can transmit impedance information via a communication signal (eg, a "control signal") that includes a frequency or range of frequencies that the receiver 108 is configured to receive. The frequency or frequency range can be the best frequency used for reception. Impedance information may also include amplitude from receiver 108 Data, such as receiver 108, can receive the optimal amplitude of the ultrasound. In an embodiment, the amplitude is associated with the frequency to identify to the transmitter 101 an optimum amplitude for receiving ultrasound at the receiver 108 at the specified frequency. In an embodiment, the impedance information may include a set of frequencies and associated amplitudes at which the receiver 108 may optimally receive ultrasound and/or the transmitter 101 may optimally transmit ultrasound. The impedance information may also include information related to the sensitivity, beam width, intensity, etc. of the transmitter 101 and/or the receiver 108. In some embodiments, at least for embodiments using CMUT technology, the sensitivity can be tuned by varying the bias voltage.

The communication may also include signals for determining location information of the transmitter 101 and/or the receiver 108. In accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed subject matter, the location information of the receiver 108 can be associated with a receiver identification word (eg, an electronic identification number, a telephone number, an internet protocol, an Ethernet or other network address, a device identification, etc. )Associated. This can be used to establish a profile of a device at or near a given location at a time or within one or more time frames. This information can be provided to third parties. For example, an embodiment of the system can determine a set of device identification words that are close to a given location and that are close to each other. The fact that these device identification words are close to, the location where the device identification words are close and the information associated with each device (eg, the position of the device relative to one or other devices, the absolute position of the device, the power information associated with the device, etc.) may Share with third parties such as third-party applications that will find this information useful. In addition, such similar information can be incorporated into embodiments of the present invention from third party sources and applications.

Embodiments of the communication protocol between transmitter 101 and receiver 108 can be used to dynamically tune bundle characteristics and/or device characteristics to enable and/or optimize power transfer from transmitter 101 to receiver 108. For example, working at a given frequency and intensity at a given distance may be optimal. Transmitter 101 may serve a plurality of different devices, for example, by steering the beam for each receiver device 108, for example, in a polling or random manner, and tuning the beam. Thus, 40 kHz and 145 dB can be used for the beam of device A, 60 kHz and 130 dB can be used for the beam of device B, and 75 kHz and 150 dB can be used for the beam of device C. The transmitter can tune itself when the transmitter changes for each device. Harmonic to emit a beam that is optimally shaped for each of these dynamically varying beam characteristics. In addition, the dwell time on each receiver device 108 can be modulated to achieve a particular power transfer objective.

In an embodiment, the transmitter 101 may receive a signal (one or more control signals) from the receiver 108 that represents one or more of the receiver's distance, orientation, optimal frequency, amplitude, sensitivity, beam width, and the like. For example, the optimum frequency for a receiver less than 1 foot away from the transmitter can be 110 kHz with a decay rate of 1.7 dB/ft, and the optimum frequency can be greater than 1 foot away from the transmitter. It is 50 kHz with a decay rate of 0.4 dB/ft. The receiver can detect the distance and provide a signal to the transmitter to change its frequency accordingly. In response, the transmitter can tune itself to transmit the best possible beam, thereby transmitting the maximum power to the receiver in the most reliable manner. These parameters can be dynamically adjusted during the transmission of ultrasonic energy from the transmitter to the receiver, for example to account for changes in the relative position of the transmitter and receiver, changes in the transmission medium, and the like.

Likewise, receiver 108 can configure itself in response to signals received from transmitter 101. For example, the receiver 108 can tune to a given frequency and adjust its sensitivity to most efficiently receive the ultrasonic waves from the transmitter 101 and convert those ultrasonic waves into electrical energy.

The dwell time of the transmitter 101 on the receiver 108 can also be adjusted to optimize the energy that the transmitter delivers to the plurality of receivers at substantially the same time. For example, the transmitter 101 can receive power demand information from each of the five receivers. Since the transmitter 101 services (e.g., transmits ultrasonic waves to) the receivers, e.g., in a polling manner, the transmitter 101 may stay on the receivers that are most in demand for a longer time interval than the less demanding receivers.

Embodiments of the invention include a system that can include a transmitter transducer coupled to an amplifier. The transmitter transducer can be a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer, other types of capacitive ultrasonic transducers, electrostatic ultrasonic transducers, piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers, and the like. The capacitive transducer includes any transducer for converting any capacitively stored energy into ultrasonic energy. An electrostatic transducer is an electrostatic transducer used to apply any electrostatically stored energy to ultrasonic energy. Piezoelectric transducer is used for the base A piezoelectric transducer that applies electric power to a dielectric crystal to subject these crystals to mechanical stress to generate ultrasonic energy.

The transducer can be configured as an array of transducers and/or apertures. This can be used to generate a beam of ultrasonic energy. The transducer can be controlled by a transmitter controller to generate one or more ultrasound beams, and the transducer can produce such a beam, or have a given shape, orientation, focal length, width, height, and shape of the beam, and any A combination of other focused beams. The transducer can include one or more steering assemblies, such as one or more structures or patterns or array elements and/or apertures, including one or more electronic steering assemblies. One or more of these holes may be convex to help control beam properties such as focal length. The transducer can have a mechanical steering assembly that operates alone or in combination with one or more electronic steering assemblies to control the focusing properties of the one or more ultrasonic beams. The transducers can also have sub-partitions that are pre-positioned in different orientations.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the system may comprise a transmitter having a first value of configuration parameters. Configuration parameters may be used to describe the actual or potential state or condition of the transmitter or receiver and may include, for example, amplitude, frequency, steering parameters, indications, power conditions, transmitter characteristics, and receiver characteristics. The transmitter characteristics can describe the actual or potential condition of the transmitter or receiver. For example, the transmitter characteristics may relate to the power state of the transmitter transducer and may have a value of ON (issuing an ultrasound to be converted by the receiver into electrical energy) or OFF. Another power configuration parameter may relate to the power level of the emitted ultrasonic energy in various units such as watts per square inch, decibel, and the like.

Features can describe the actual or potential condition of a transmitter or receiver that can be fixed. For example, the characteristics may be a telephone number, an electronic serial number (ESN), a mobile device identification (MEID), an IP address, a MAC address, etc., or a mobile or fixed device that can act as a transmitter or receiver. The characteristics may be fixed impedance or other electronic properties of the device (eg, transducer type, software/firmware version, etc.).

According to an embodiment of the invention, the device has a first configuration parameter. Based on the input received via the transmitter communication device, the transmitter can change its configuration parameter value to the second configuration parameter value and thereby change its state and/or behavior. Used to change the transmitter The mechanism for setting parameters can include receiving new configuration parameter values via the communication device. The new configuration parameter value may be derived from a receiver for which the transmitter is intended or intended to transmit ultrasonic energy. For example, the transmitter can be transmitting ultrasonic energy at a first power level and the receiver can send a message to request delivery of energy at the second power level to the transmitter. For example, the receiver can send a request to increase the power of the transmitted ultrasound from 120 dB to 140 dB. The transmitter can then change its power level configuration parameter from 120dB to 140dB.

Another mechanism is as follows: The first configuration parameter is changed based on the input even if the input received via the communication device does not specify a new (second) value of the configuration parameter. For example, an input including a request to increase the power of the transmitted ultrasonic energy can be received from the receiver at the transmitter communication device. In response, the transmitter can change the value of the power configuration parameter from a first value to a second value, for example from 120 dB to 140 dB. Likewise, one or more configuration parameters can be changed based on a combination of inputs from one or more receivers or third parties. For example, the beam shape can be changed based on receiver characteristics such as the type of receiver transducer at the receiver.

The configuration parameters can be or include one or more steering parameters. Examples of steering parameters include: steering angle, such as the angle at which one or more elements of the transducer have been configured or can be configured by the mechanical tilting device, etc.; the angle of diffusion, such as the angle at which the threshold power occurs in the ultrasonic beam, etc. (eg, expressed as The beam width of the angle); the focal length, such as the distance in centimeters where the ultrasound beam is most focused, etc.; the transmitter position, such as the angle and distance of the receiver relative to the transmitter, the distance of the transmitter relative to the receiver, or The absolute position of the transmitter or receiver (eg, relative to a given reference point), etc.; and the relative orientation of the transmitter and receiver, such as the relative degree of parallelism, the relatives of the transmitter and receiver transducers The difference in orientation, etc. For example, where one transducer is parallel to another transducer, the two transducers can be considered to have a 0 degree offset. Where one transducer is oriented perpendicular to the other transducer, the two transducers may have a 90 degree offset or the like.

Another mechanism is to change the first steering parameter to adjust and/or increase the transmission efficiency of the ultrasonic energy to the receiver. Even the input received via the communication device In the case where a new (second) value of the steering parameter is not specified, the steering parameter can also be changed based on the input. For example, an input including an amount (eg, 120 dB) of the transmitted ultrasonic energy being received may be received from the receiver at the transmitter communication device. In response, the transmitter can change the value of the steering parameter (eg, relative orientation) from the first value to the second value (eg, from a 90 degree offset to a 0 degree offset). As a result of changing/adjusting the steering parameters, the transmission efficiency of the ultrasonic energy to the receiver can be increased, and the amount of the transmitted ultrasonic energy being received can be increased (for example, from 120 dB to 140 dB). For example, the amount of power at the receiver can be monitored by the receiver and used as a reference for generating an input to be sent to the transmitter to adjust one or more of its configuration parameters. This can change the transmitter to receive, for example, by changing the tilt of the mechanical steering mechanism used by the transmitter transducer, by changing the power level of the transmitted ultrasonic energy, by changing the electronic steering of the ultrasonic energy at the transmitter, and beam shaping. The way the device emits ultrasonic energy. In this way, the receiver can provide immediate or near-instant feedback to the transmitter, so that the transmitter can tune the transmitter to send ultrasonic energy to the receiver to increase the rate of transmission energy (eg, power), energy transmission. Continuity, duration of energy transfer, etc.

Beam steering and focusing can be achieved by having the controller modulate (control) the phase of the electrical signals sent to the transmitter transducer or the various components of the transmitter transducer. For wide angle steering, for example, an element having a size of about 4 mm and having a size of λ/2 can be used. Some semiconductor companies (Supertex, Maxim, Clare, etc.) manufacture high voltage switching wafers that can allow several high power oscillator circuits to replace thousands of transmitters. An example of a useful design may have four oscillators with phases of 0, π/2, π, and 3π/2. The switch can be configured such that each of the radiating elements can be connected to any of the four phases. The spacing of the switch matrices can then be less than the pitch of the transducer array to facilitate interconnection. A small amount of memory can store a full set of switch configurations required for any number of steering and focus positions. A simple microcontroller (for example, an ARM microcontroller) can manage steering/focus calculations.

Beam steering and focusing can be made easier to manage in a variety of ways. The electronic steering mechanism can be combined with the mechanical tilt mechanism in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the electronic steering mechanism to steer and focus the beam. For example, the transmitter can be in the orientation (level dimension) It is relatively fixed but mechanically steerable in elevation (vertical dimension). Vertical tracking can be achieved by signaling from the receiver either directly or via the receiver from the transmitter, or with mechanical tilt driven by inputs from both and/or third parties, such as power tracking servers, etc. Electronic steering and focusing can be used for the azimuth (level) beam.

Some embodiments may tilt in both azimuth and elevation. In these cases, a two-dimensional array of specific elements (e.g., a 15 x 15 array of 2λ elements with regular or variable spacing between elements) can be focused and steered. In some embodiments, the component size can be increased from λ/2 to 2λ or greater. In some embodiments, the electronic steering array can be embedded in a mechanical focus transducer. A smaller matrix array can be located in the center of the curved transducer. The bend can create a focus in a given direction and at a particular average depth (eg, 1 meter). The central electronic focus section can further adjust the focusing characteristics of the beam.

In some embodiments, the output can be split between azimuth and elevation in an asymmetric manner, enabling complex beam control. In various embodiments, the aperture can be divided into a plurality of sub-apertures. Some or all of these sub-holes may have different steering capabilities, such that this configuration can produce multiple focal points that can be contiguous with one another. 2 illustrates a split hole device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The source aperture 201 can be divided into individual sub-holes 202, 203, and 204. Each of the sub-holes 202, 203, and 204 has its own target focus 205, 206, and 207, respectively. The respective phases of the three sources shown in Fig. 2 can be changed to change the focal length of the elevation holes. The beam steering can be mechanical, electronic, or a combination of the two. This configuration can also be focused by changing the phase between the sources. The efficiency of the transmitter can be maintained for targets within the depth range near the mechanical focus established by the bending of the source. The power level supplied to the target can be kept constant.

Figure 3 illustrates another focusing device that uses azimuthal aperture segmentation to allow for an extended focus range that covers the target. Source targets 301, 302, 303, and 304 have target focuses 305, 306, 307, and 308, respectively. Steering and focusing can be achieved electronically, mechanically, or a combination thereof. In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the component size can be made small enough to avoid the need for hole bending and/or mechanical tilting. Segmenting the array into segments can increase the size of the focus points and enable these focus points to be juxtaposed. Focus can be moved around on the surface of the receiver Move, for example, to optimize overall power transfer.

A mobile device application (eg, an iPhone or Android application) can be associated with an embodiment of the present system to assist the user. In accordance with an embodiment of the disclosed subject matter, an associated mobile application can position the ultrasonic power system within a range of user locations or within a user location. The mobile app can pinpoint the exact location of the user and compare that location to the location of the strongest power signal in the room and direct the user to the power location. The mobile application can communicate with corresponding applications on other mobile devices, such as sharing location information, transmitter and/or receiver information, data relating to the transmission rate of a given medium, and the like.

According to an embodiment of the invention, a given device may be used essentially as a repeater between the initial transmitter and the terminal receiver device. Such a device ("relay device" or "intermediate device") can receive power from the first device, convert at least a portion of the received power into electrical energy, convert the electrical energy into acoustic energy, and then convert the acoustic energy Transfer to the terminal receiver device. This may be useful where the terminal device is outside the range of the initial transmitter device, particularly if the initial transmitter device stores a large amount of energy or is connected to a larger energy source such as an electrical outlet or a large external battery. of. Even if the device requiring energy without a repeater or intermediate device may be outside the range of devices having a sufficient amount or excess of stored energy, this can also be used to configure a device from a sufficient amount or excess of stored energy. Energy transfer of devices requiring energy.

The mobile app can also notify the user how fast the mobile application device is being charged and how much power and/or how long the device needs before it is fully charged. In addition, the mobile application can represent the user's "consumption rate" based on the amount of data being used on the device based on various factors (eg, how many programs/applications are open) at a given time, and can indicate that it will be given The device needs to be recharged during the time period. The mobile application can inform the user of when the device is using power from the device battery or power from the wireless power system. For example, the mobile application can have a hard or soft switch to signal to the sender when the device battery is less than 20% of the full state, thereby reducing the use of dirty energy and enabling the system to maximize Power is supplied to the most needed device. In addition, the user can have the ability to use the mobile application to disconnect the ultrasound receiver and/or transmitter.

At least a portion of the receiver 108 can take the form of a protective housing, cover or backing plate for use with devices such as cellular telephones that can be internal or external to the physical device. An energy storage device such as a rechargeable battery can be embedded in the receiver housing. Receiver 108 can also be used in other devices such as notebook computers, tablets or digital readers, such as in its housing or back panel. Receiver 108 can be embedded within an electronic housing or can be a physical accessory. Receiver 108 can be any shape or size and can be used as an isolated power receiver or can be connected to multiple devices to power these devices simultaneously or otherwise.

In an embodiment of the disclosed subject matter, the receiver 108 can be a medical device such as an implant (eg, a pacemaker or drug delivery system). Using the ultrasonic transmitter 101, the implant can be powered or the storage device can be charged. The characteristics of the transmitter 101 and/or the receiver 108 can be tuned in consideration of the power requirements of the device, the conduction parameters of the tissue between the transmitter 101 and the receiver 108, and the needs of the patient. For ultrasound power transmission via animal or plant tissue, the receiver 108 can be embedded in a medical device and/or tissue to power or charge a chemical delivery or medical device, such as an implant device. For example, the transmitter 101 can be programmed to emit ultrasound at a given time to a receiver 108 located within a pacemaker device implanted in a patient.

Particular embodiments of the present invention can be designed to deliver relatively uniform pressure to a rectangle such as a surface or the like on or in a mobile device. For example, embodiments can be designed to utilize a transmit frequency in the range of 40 to 60 kHz (ie, a wavelength of 5.7 to 8.5 mm) to a smart phone such as a size of 115 x 58 mm at a distance of 1 meter from the transmitter. Such mobile devices transmit acoustic energy.

The maximum power from the transmitter to the receiver in some embodiments may be 316 W‧m ^-2 , and the normalized amplitude or "gain" may be characterized as the pressure created from 1 Pa at the surface of the transmitter. A gain of less than 1 may mean that the energy transfer is less than ideal. A gain of 1 or more may mean, for example, that the power density at the transmitter should be reduced for compliance, and thus may also be less than ideal. The design can create a constant gain equal to 1 in the receiver region and a gain of less than 1 at any other location. The system can track the movement of the phone and limit power loss, and vice versa, in the face of relative motion and/or positional changes of the transmitter relative to the receiver.

Even taking into account changes in the angle between the plane of the transmitter and the receiver, phase variations in the phone can be minimized, which can be facilitated by using separate receiver patches on the phone and/or using multi-element transmitters. It is thus also possible to improve the overall efficiency by good control of the sound field. Steering and focusing can be achieved electronically by varying the phase of the transmitter wave between components. Different steering angles and depth of focus may have different phase values at each component.

Various embodiments of the present invention may track the relative position and orientation of the transmitter and receiver, for example, via an iOS or Android application and a wireless protocol such as Bluetooth or 802.11, or by optical or infrared signals. Closed loop communication between the transmitter and the receiver may allow the transmit beam to track the mobile device to minimize phase changes in the beam between the components on the receiver or in the receiver.

In the case where the receiver reaches the range of the transmitter, two-way communication can be initiated. The receiver can signal its location and request the transmission of acoustic power. As charging occurs, the phone can update its position to the transmitter, the amount of power received, and the distribution of acoustic energy at the receiver. An alert can be sent if the receiver is in an orientation or position where the power transfer is inactive. The transmitter is also capable of predicting the motion of the receiver. For example, the sender can store the location history of a particular receiver, such as a telephone. The location history can include the location and orientation of the receiver. The transmitter can use the position history of the receiver, and optionally the current position and orientation of the receiver, to predict the future position and orientation of the receiver. This allows the transmitter to direct wireless power, for example by ultrasound, to the desired location of the receiver. Since a transmitter attempting to transmit wireless power to the current location of the receiver may cause the wireless power to track the mobile receiver, for example in the form of ultrasound or electromagnetic waves, and reach the location when the receiver leaves a location, this may enable more efficient The mobile receiver delivers wireless power. Ability to predict the next position of the receiver And an oriented transmitter capable of transmitting wireless power to the location when the receiver arrives at a location in a manner suitable for the orientation of the receiver when it arrives at the location, such that the transmission of wireless power to a location better matches the location The presence of the mobile receiver and the orientation of the receiver when it reaches the location. For example, the transmitter can adjust the phase and focus of the transmitted wireless power based on the orientation of the receiver.

Motion prediction for the receiver can be implemented in any suitable manner. For example, the past position of the receiver can be represented as a set of (position, time) values, where the position can be an absolute position (eg, latitude/longitude) or a relative position (such as a displacement relative to the previous position (such as (direction, Distance) value pairs), etc., and may also indicate the orientation of the receiver. Also, the time can be an absolute time (eg, Greenwich Mean Time) or a relative time (such as elapsed time since the last (position, time) measurement, etc.). The past (position, time) values can be used to calculate the speed (speed and direction) and acceleration of the receiver. These calculated values can be used to extrapolate based on the last or most recently known location of the receiver to generate one or more predicted (position, time) values for the receiver. The energy beam from the transmitter can be directed through the beam and directed to focus to the predicted position in a manner suitable for predicting the orientation at the predicted time.

In another implementation, the (position, time) history of the receiver can be combined with other data to obtain one or more predicted (position, time) values. For example, the location of walls and obstacles in the room can be used to modify the receiver's (position, time) prediction based on (position, time) historical values. For example, the receiver cannot pass through a solid wall and may not be within a certain space of the threshold of the boundary of the wall and the obstacle. Examples of the obstacle may include a table, a chair, a fixture, and the like. The gate can be excluded, where the predicted position (time, time) value can be generated taking into account the known position of the door.

You can also use behavior history to generate forecast (location, time) values. These behavioral data can be for the current receiver only or for more than one receiver. For example, a path history can be generated that serves as a theoretical and/or empirical probability function for a path of a receiver within a given room. In theory, a receiver path that can assume a threshold amount greater than a trajectory (path) towards a known position of the gate will pass through the gate. This can be used to affect the projection of the orientation of the receiver above the threshold amount that has moved the path in the direction of the known gate (position, Time) value. Empirically, data can be collected based on multiple known receiver paths and a common path can be established. For example, the history receiver path data can represent a common path used by multiple receivers. For example, the common path may deviate from a work area toward the center of the room, around a known obstacle such as a coffee table, and end in an area near a known location of the coffee machine. Implementations may use a common path by predicting (position, time) values for a given receiver based on a threshold length of the common path, based on a given receiver falling within a threshold distance of the common path. For example, if the receiver passes 65% of the common path without deviating more than two feet from the common path, the transmitter can determine a predicted set of (position, time) values of the receiver on or near the common path. It can be improved based on speed and/or acceleration data being sent from the receiver (eg, from one or more sensors on the receiver) and speed and acceleration calculations based on the receiver's (position, time) values, and the like. These predicted path values. The transmitter can also cause the type of receiver and the use and movement patterns of different receiver types. For example, mobile devices such as smart phones may have different modes of movement than tablets or laptops due to the size of these mobile devices and the manner in which they are used and carried.

The receiver can include various sensors such as accelerometers, GPS or equivalents that can be used to provide athletic data to the transmitter. The receiver can include a receiver transducer that can be used to evaluate the position of the receiver in the camera mode. The receiver can also send location and/or velocity data to the transmitter based on the beacon data processed by the receiver. Also, the receiver may include a radiator such as an electromagnetic (eg, infrared) transmitter or an acoustic (eg, ultrasonic) beacon, or have a passive signal that may be transmitted from a transmitter or from another device. An acoustic or electromagnetic wave reflector that returns a signal. The transmitter can adjust any suitable characteristics of the transmission of wireless power to direct the wireless power to the predicted future position of the receiver. For example, the transmitter can adjust the steering, focus, phase, power density, frequency, amplitude, or any other suitable characteristics of the ultrasound. The transmitter can also use the transmitter transducers available in camera mode to determine and track the position of the receiver.

In the case of transmitting wireless power to a predicted location of the receiver, the transmitter may cause a time of flight of the wireless power from the transmitter to the predicted location. For example, launched The ultrasound may take some time to travel from the transmitter to the predicted position of the receiver that the transmitter is aiming at. The transmitter may determine the time of flight based on the distance between the transmitter and the predicted position of the receiver and based on environmental conditions that may affect the transmission (eg, temperature, humidity, and airflow that may affect the transmission of the ultrasonic waves, etc.). For example, the ultrasound can cover a distance of 4 meters in 11 milliseconds. If the receiver is moving at a speed of 1.5 meters per second, the receiver can move 1.5 centimeters between the time the ultrasonic waves are generated and the time the ultrasonic waves reach the position the transmitter is aiming at. 1.5 cm may be 2 to 3 wavelengths of 50 kHz sound as emitted by air, and may be the size of 6 ultrasonic elements on the receiver. The transmitter can cause a flight time of 11 milliseconds and 1.5 motion centers during the flight time in the case where the predicted position of the target to be ultrasonic is determined. For example, the transmitter can adjust the predicted position of the receiver by 1.5 cm, making it more likely that the receiver will reach the same position as the ultrasound waves while receiving the ultrasound, rather than causing the ultrasound to track the receiver due to flight time. 1.5 cm.

The foregoing description has been made with reference to the specific embodiments for the purpose of explanation. However, the above illustrative discussions are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the embodiments of the disclosed subject matter. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the principles of the embodiments of the disclosed subject matter and the embodiments of the embodiments of the invention Example.

101‧‧‧transmitter

102‧‧‧Power supply

103‧‧‧Signal Generator

104‧‧‧Amplifier

105‧‧‧Sender controller

106‧‧‧Transmitter transducer

107‧‧‧ Ultrasound

108‧‧‧ Receiver

109‧‧‧ Receiver Transducer

110‧‧‧ energy storage device

111‧‧‧ Receiver Controller

112, 113‧‧‧ antenna

114‧‧‧Power Processor

115‧‧‧ processor

Claims (19)

A system comprising: a transmitter comprising: a first signal generator; a first amplifier coupled to the first signal generator, the first amplifier configured to receive power from a power source and generate an electrical transmission signal, Wherein the electrical transmission signal is used to generate an ultrasonic wave; a transmitter transducer coupled to the first amplifier, the transmitter transducer being configured to generate based on an electrical transmission signal received from the amplifier An ultrasonic wave; a transmitter controller coupled to at least one of the first signal generator, the first amplifier, and the transmitter transducer, the transmitter controller configured to adjust a steering parameter to cause Determining a predicted future position of the ultrasonic steering receiver generated by the transmitter transducer; and a transmitter communication device configured to communicate with the receiver communication device; and the receiver comprising: a receiver transducer Configuring to receive ultrasonic waves generated by the transmitter transducer, generating a receiver electrical signal based on the received ultrasonic waves, and connecting a receiver electrical storage device, wherein the receiver electrical storage device is configured to store electrical energy based on a receiver electrical signal generated by the receiver transducer; a receiver communication device configured to the transmitter A communication device transmits an input; and a receiver controller coupled to at least one of the receiver transducer and the receiver electrical storage device. The system of claim 1, wherein the receiver further comprises: a receiver electrical storage device configured to store electrical energy based on a receiver electrical signal generated by the receiver transducer. A system comprising: a signal generator; an amplifier coupled to the signal generator, the amplifier configured to receive power from a power source and generate an electrical transmission signal, wherein the electrical transmission signal is used to generate an ultrasonic wave; a transmitter coupled to the amplifier, the transmitter transducer configured to generate an ultrasonic wave based on an electrical transmission signal received from the amplifier; a transmitter controller coupled to the signal generator, At least one of an amplifier and the transmitter transducer, the transmitter controller configured to adjust a steering parameter to cause an ultrasonic wave generated by the transmitter transducer to be diverted to a predicted future position of the receiver; and a transmitter A communication device configured to communicate with the receiver. The system of claim 3, wherein the transmitter controller is further configured to adjust the at least one configuration parameter to determine an orientation of the ultrasonic wave generated by the transmitter transducer based on a predicted future orientation of the transmitter . The system of claim 3, wherein the transmitter communication device is further configured to receive an input from the receiver, wherein the input comprises a control signal including an indication of motion of the receiver. The system of claim 5, wherein the transmitter controller is further configured to adjust the steering parameter based on a control signal including an indication of motion of the receiver. The system of claim 3, wherein the predicted future location of the receiver is based on one or more of a location history of the receiver, a type of the receiver, and a current location of the receiver. . The system of claim 5, wherein the control signal comprising the indication of the motion of the receiver comprises data from an accelerometer of the receiver. The system of claim 3, wherein the transmitter controller is further configured to adjust one or more of phase, focus, power density, frequency, and amplitude based on the predicted future position of the receiver. A system comprising: a receiver transducer configured to receive ultrasonic waves generated by a transmitter transducer and to generate a receiver electrical signal based on the received ultrasonic waves, the receiver transducers being further configured To connect to a receiver electrical storage device, wherein the receiver electrical storage device is further configured to store electrical energy based on a receiver electrical signal generated by the receiver transducer; a receiver communication device configured to The transmitter communication device transmits an input, wherein the input includes a control signal including an indication of one or more of an action of the receiver and an orientation of the receiver; and a receiver controller coupled to the receiver transducer And at least one of the receiver electrical storage devices. The system of claim 10, wherein the control signal comprising the indication of the motion of the receiver comprises data from an accelerometer of the receiver. The system of claim 10, further comprising: a receiver electrical storage device configured to store electrical energy based on a receiver electrical signal generated by the receiver transducer. A method comprising the steps of: transmitting an ultrasonic wave directed at a receiver from an ultrasonic transducer of a transmitter; determining a predicted future position of the receiver; and steering the ultrasonic wave based on the predicted future position of the receiver. The method of claim 13, further comprising the step of: receiving a communication from the receiver at the transmitter, wherein the The letter includes a control signal including an indication of motion of the receiver; and a predicted future position of the receiver based on a control signal including an indication of motion of the receiver. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of steering the ultrasound based on the predicted future position of the receiver further comprises adjusting steering parameters, phase, focus, power based on the predicted future position of the receiver One or more of density, frequency, and amplitude. The method of claim 13, wherein the predicted future location of the receiver is based on one or more of a location history of the receiver, a type of the receiver, and a current location of the receiver. . The method of claim 13, wherein the determining the predicted future location of the receiver further comprises determining a predicted future orientation of the receiver, and the method further comprising the step of: based on the receiver The future orientation is predicted to determine the orientation of the ultrasound. A method comprising the steps of: receiving ultrasound at a receiver from an ultrasound transducer of a transmitter; determining motion of the receiver; and transmitting communication to the transmitter, wherein the communication comprises including the receiver An indicated control signal for one or more of motion and orientation. The method of claim 18, wherein determining that the motion of the receiver is based on data from an accelerometer of the receiver.