TW201705800A - Device for random access contention by referring to priority and transmission performance and method thereof - Google Patents
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一種隨機存取競爭之裝置及方法,特別係指一種參考優先權與通訊效能進行隨機存取競爭之裝置及方法。A device and method for random access competition, in particular, a device and method for random access competition with reference priority and communication performance.
近年來,在4G LTE/LTE-A行動無線通訊系統崛起,促使機器類型通訊(MTC, Machine Type Communication)與雲端服務(Cloud Service)緊密地結合,形成所謂的物聯網(Internet of Things , IoTs)。其中,包含具有不同流量類別優先權(Traffic Class Priority)的使用設備,例如,人對人(Human to Human, H2H)以及機器對機器(Machine to Machine, M2M)的使用設備等,這些使用設備可以產生巨量資料傳輸(Big Data Transmission)。In recent years, the rise of 4G LTE/LTE-A mobile wireless communication systems has led to the close integration of Machine Type Communication (MTC) and Cloud Service (VoIP Service) to form the so-called Internet of Things (IoTs). . Among them, the use of devices with different traffic class priorities (Traffic Class Priority), for example, Human to Human (H2H) and Machine to Machine (M2M) devices, etc., can be used. Produces Big Data Transmission.
不過,在4G LTE/LTE-A的隨機存取程序(Random Access Procedure)以及壅塞控制(Congestion Control)之下,存在高碰撞率(Collision probability)與壅塞(Congestion),也無法保證使用設備之成功存取機率(Access success probability)、存取延遲時間(Access delay time)以及有效吞吐量(Goodput)等有關服務品質(Quality of Service, QoS)的問題。However, under the 4G LTE/LTE-A Random Access Procedure and Congestion Control, there is a high collision rate and a congestion, and there is no guarantee of success. Quality of Service (QoS) issues such as Access probability, Access delay time, and Goodput.
為了在隨機存取程序中降低碰撞率與壅塞的情況,在3GPP標準中,隨機存取程序採用均勻分布退讓步驟(Uniform Distribution Backoff Procedure)、存取層級限制(Access Class Barring, ACB)、以及改善機器類型通訊環境中之隨機存取網路(Random Access Network)的解決方案。 然而,上述的解決方案仍然無法保證使用設備的服務品質。In order to reduce the collision rate and congestion in the random access procedure, in the 3GPP standard, the random access procedure adopts the Uniform Distribution Backoff Procedure, the Access Class Barring (ACB), and the improvement. A solution for the Random Access Network in a machine type communication environment. However, the above solution still does not guarantee the quality of service of the device.
綜上所述,可知先前技術中長期以來一直存在4G LTE/LTE-A行動無線通訊環境中無法保證使用設備之服務品質的問題,因此有必要提出改進的技術手段,來解決此一問題。In summary, it can be seen that there has been a problem in the prior art that the service quality of the device cannot be guaranteed in the 4G LTE/LTE-A mobile wireless communication environment for a long time, and therefore it is necessary to propose an improved technical means to solve this problem.
有鑒於先前技術存在4G LTE/LTE-A行動無線通訊環境中無法保證使用設備之服務品質的問題,本發明遂揭露一種參考優先權與通訊效能進行隨機存取競爭之裝置及方法,其中:In view of the problem that the prior art has a service quality that cannot guarantee the use of the device in the 4G LTE/LTE-A mobile wireless communication environment, the present invention discloses a device and method for random access competition with reference priority and communication performance, wherein:
本發明所揭露之參考優先權與通訊效能進行隨機存取競爭之裝置,提供邏輯通道給使用設備(User Equipment, UE)進行4G通訊,該裝置至少包含:設定模組,用以設定優先權最大值;基地台通訊介面,用以接收使用設備分別傳送之設備效能資訊;效能資訊收集模組,用以收集邏輯通道之通道效能資訊;存取層級限制計算模組,用以由設備效能資訊取得之使用設備之隨機存取成功率,及用以依據優先權最大值、使用設備之隨機存取成功率與優先權、及通道效能資訊判斷使用設備之存取層級限制要素(Access Class Barring factor, ACB factor);通道競爭範圍計算模組,用以依據使用設備之存取層級限制要素計算使用設備之競爭範圍權重值(Contention Domain Weight),及用以依據使用設備之競爭範圍權重值及基地台之可用存取通道數判斷使用設備之通道競爭範圍,並由基地台通訊介面提供使用設備之通道競爭範圍至使用設備,使使用設備依據使用設備之通道競爭範圍進行隨機存取競爭。The device for performing random access competition with the reference priority and the communication performance disclosed in the present invention provides a logical channel to the user equipment (UE) for 4G communication, and the device at least includes: a setting module for setting the maximum priority The base station communication interface is used to receive device performance information transmitted by the device; the performance information collection module is used to collect channel performance information of the logical channel; and the access level restriction calculation module is used to obtain the device performance information. The random access success rate of the device is used, and the access class barring factor (Access Class Barring factor) is used to determine the access level of the device according to the maximum priority, the random access success rate and priority of the device, and the channel performance information. ACB factor); a channel competition range calculation module for calculating a contention domain weight of a device according to an access level restriction element of the device, and a weight value of the contention range and the base station according to the device used. The number of available access channels is used to determine the channel competition range of the device to be used, and Station interface provides communication channels to use the device the extent of competition using the device, so that the channel using the device according to the usage range of competitive equipment based random access.
本發明所揭露之參考優先權與通訊效能進行隨機存取競爭之裝置,與基地台進行4G通訊,該裝置至少包含:設備通訊介面,用以接收基地台所傳送之競爭範圍權重值,及接收基地台所傳送之系統資訊廣播,系統資訊廣播包含通道存取成功平均值及可用通道平均值;效能計算模組,用以計算設備效能資訊,設備效能資訊包含隨機存取碰撞率;存取競爭模組,用以透過設備通訊介面至基地台依據競爭範圍權重值進行隨機存取競爭;退讓時間計算模組,用以於存取競爭模組判斷隨機存取競爭失敗時,依據通道存取成功平均值、可用通道平均值、隨機存取碰撞率計算最大退讓時間,並依據最大退讓時間決定退讓時間,使存取競爭模組於等待退讓時間後再次至基地台依據通道競爭範圍進行隨機存取競爭。The device for random access competition with the reference priority and the communication performance disclosed in the present invention performs 4G communication with the base station, and the device includes at least: a device communication interface for receiving the weight of the competition range transmitted by the base station, and the receiving base The system information broadcast transmitted by the station, the system information broadcast includes the channel access success average and the available channel average; the performance calculation module is used to calculate the device performance information, the device performance information includes the random access collision rate; and the access competition module For performing random access competition based on the weight of the competition range through the device communication interface to the base station; the return time calculation module is used to determine the success rate of the channel access when the access competition module determines that the random access competition fails. The maximum retreat time can be calculated by using the channel average value and the random access collision rate, and the retreat time is determined according to the maximum retreat time, so that the access competition module waits for the retreat time again and then goes to the base station to perform random access competition according to the channel competition range.
本發明所揭露之參考優先權與通訊效能進行隨機存取競爭之方法,應用於使用設備與基地台間之4G通訊,其步驟至少包括:基地台設定優先權最大值;基地台收集使用設備之設備效能資訊及基地台之邏輯通道之通道效能資訊;基地台依據優先權最大值、由使用設備之設備效能資訊所取得之隨機存取成功率、使用設備之優先權、及通道效能資訊判斷使用設備之存取層級限制要素;基地台依據使用設備之存取層級限制要素計算使用設備之競爭範圍權重值;基地台依據使用設備之競爭範圍權重值及基地台之可用存取通道數判斷使用設備之通道競爭範圍;使用設備至基地台依據通道競爭範圍進行隨機存取競爭。The method for random access competition between the reference priority and the communication performance disclosed in the present invention is applied to the 4G communication between the device and the base station, and the steps include at least: the base station sets the maximum priority; the base station collects and uses the device. Device performance information and channel performance information of the logical channel of the base station; the base station judges the use according to the maximum priority, the random access success rate obtained by using the device performance information of the device, the priority of using the device, and the channel performance information. The access level restriction element of the device; the base station calculates the competition range weight value of the used device according to the access level restriction element of the device; the base station judges the use device according to the competition range weight value of the use device and the available access channel number of the base station. The competition scope of the channel; the use of equipment to the base station for random access competition according to the channel competition range.
本發明所揭露之系統與方法如上,與先前技術之間的差異在於本發明透過基地台依據系統的優先權最大值、使用設備的隨機存取成功率、使用設備的優先權、以及基地台的通道效能資訊判斷使用設備之存取層級限制要素後,依據使用設備的存取層級限制要素計算與基地台之可用存取通道數判斷使用設備之通道競爭範圍,使得基地台依據通道競爭範圍提供使用設備進行隨機存取競爭,藉以解決先前技術所存在的問題,並可以達成降低隨機存取通道碰撞機率與壅塞、並增加行動通訊網路系統的有效吞吐量之技術功效。The system and method disclosed by the present invention are as above, and the difference from the prior art is that the present invention transmits the maximum priority of the system according to the system through the base station, the random access success rate of the used device, the priority of using the device, and the base station After the channel performance information is used to determine the access level restriction element of the device, the channel competition range of the device is determined according to the access level restriction element of the device and the number of available access channels of the base station, so that the base station provides the use according to the channel competition scope. The device performs random access competition to solve the problems of the prior art, and can achieve the technical effect of reducing the random access channel collision probability and congestion, and increasing the effective throughput of the mobile communication network system.
以下將配合圖式及實施例來詳細說明本發明之特徵與實施方式,內容足以使任何熟習相關技藝者能夠輕易地充分理解本發明解決技術問題所應用的技術手段並據以實施,藉此實現本發明可達成的功效。The features and embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments, which are sufficient to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the technical means to which the present invention solves the technical problems, and The achievable effects of the present invention.
本發明可以由基地台依據使用設備(User Equipment, UE)的優先權與設備效能資訊、以及基地台的通道效能資訊動態計算使用設備的通道競爭範圍(Contention Domain),使得使用設備可以依據基地台動態計算出的通道競爭範圍進行隨機存取競爭,藉以保證不同優先權之使用設備有不同的服務品質(Quality of Service, QoS)。其中,設備效能資訊為使用設備與基地台之間進行資料傳輸有關的資訊,包含但不限於使用設備200的隨機存取成功率、使用設備200的隨機存取總數、使用設備200的隨機存取成功數等。The present invention can dynamically calculate the channel contention range (Contention Domain) of the used device according to the priority of the user equipment (UE) and the device performance information, and the channel performance information of the base station, so that the device can be used according to the base station. The dynamically calculated channel contention range performs random access competition to ensure that different priority devices have different Quality of Service (QoS). The device performance information is information related to data transmission between the device and the base station, including but not limited to the random access success rate of using the device 200, the total number of random accesses of the device 200, and the random access of the device 200. Success counts, etc.
本發明所提之通道競爭範圍被用來表示使用設備可以使用的邏輯通道(Preamble/Logical Channel)數。一般而言,基地台可以提供多個邏輯通道,每一個邏輯通道都有相對應的識別資料,基地台可以依據與邏輯通道相對應的識別資料控制使用設備可以使用哪些邏輯通道,例如,當基地台以連續的正整數作為邏輯通道的識別資料時,若某個使用設備(第一使用設備)的通道競爭範圍為28,則可能表示基地台只允許第一使用設備使用識別資料為1~28的邏輯通道。同樣的,若有另一個使用設備(第二使用設備)的通道競爭範圍為13,則可能表示基地台只允許第二使用設備使用識別資料為1~13的邏輯通道,如此,上述兩使用設備便會競爭使用識別資料為1~13的邏輯通道。其中,當兩使用設備同時隨機決定使用識別資料相同的邏輯通道時,便會發生碰撞,以致於兩使用設備都無法存取所決定使用的邏輯通道,也就是無法進行資料傳遞,而若兩使用設備沒有同時使用識別資料相同的邏輯通道,則兩使用設備可以分別進行資料傳遞。The channel contention range proposed by the present invention is used to indicate the number of logical channels (Preamble/Logical Channel) that can be used by the device. Generally, the base station can provide multiple logical channels, each of which has corresponding identification data, and the base station can control which logical channels can be used by the device according to the identification data corresponding to the logical channel, for example, when the base When a station uses a continuous positive integer as the identification data of the logical channel, if the channel competition range of a certain device (the first device used) is 28, it may mean that the base station only allows the first device to use the identification data as 1~28. Logical channel. Similarly, if the channel competition range of another device (second device) is 13, it may mean that the base station only allows the second device to use the logical channel whose identification data is 1~13. Thus, the above two devices are used. It will compete to use the logical channel whose identification data is 1~13. Wherein, when the two devices simultaneously randomly decide to use the same logical channel of the identification data, a collision occurs, so that the two used devices cannot access the logical channel determined to be used, that is, the data cannot be transmitted, and if the two are used If the device does not use the same logical channel with the same identification data, the two devices can perform data transfer separately.
以下先以「第1圖」本發明所提之參考優先權與通訊效能進行隨機存取競爭之系統架構圖來說明本發明的系統運作。如「第1圖」所示,本發明之系統含有兩裝置,分別為基地台100以及使用設備200。Hereinafter, the system operation of the present invention will be described with reference to the system architecture diagram of the random access competition in which the reference priority and the communication performance of the present invention are referred to in the "FIG. 1". As shown in "FIG. 1", the system of the present invention includes two devices, a base station 100 and a use device 200, respectively.
基地台100可以提供一個或多個使用設備200以4G通訊技術連接,並提供多個邏輯通道,藉以使用一個或多個邏輯通道與各個使用設備進行資料傳遞。其中,基地台100更包含基地台通訊介面110、設定模組120、效能資訊收集模組130、存取層級限制計算模組150、以及通道競爭範圍計算模組160。The base station 100 can provide one or more use devices 200 to connect by 4G communication technology, and provide multiple logical channels, thereby using one or more logical channels for data transfer with each use device. The base station 100 further includes a base station communication interface 110, a setting module 120, a performance information collection module 130, an access level restriction calculation module 150, and a channel competition range calculation module 160.
基地台通訊介面110負責與使用設備200交換資料。例如,基地台通訊介面110可以接收各個使用設備200所傳送的設備效能資訊,也可以傳送系統資訊廣播(System Information Broadcast, SIB)至使用設備200。其中,基地台100傳送的系統資訊廣播可以包含通道存取成功平均值以及可用通道平均值。The base station communication interface 110 is responsible for exchanging data with the device 200. For example, the base station communication interface 110 can receive device performance information transmitted by each device 200, and can also transmit System Information Broadcast (SIB) to the device 200. The system information broadcast transmitted by the base station 100 may include a channel access success average value and an available channel average value.
設定模組120負責設定通訊環境的優先權最大值。設定模組120可以透過基地台的輸入介面(圖中未示)提供管理人員使用鍵盤、滑鼠、觸控板等輸入裝置設定優先權最大值,也可以透過基地台通訊介面110提供管理人員透過網路設定優先權最大值,本發明沒有特別的限制。優先權最大值用來表示使用設備200的優先權種類,例如,當優先權最大值為4時,可以表示通訊環境中最多會有四種優先權。在部分的實施例中,使用設備200的優先權可以是由基地台賦予,但本發明並不以此為限。The setting module 120 is responsible for setting the maximum priority of the communication environment. The setting module 120 can provide the administrator with a maximum priority by using an input device such as a keyboard, a mouse, a touchpad or the like through an input interface (not shown) of the base station, or can provide management personnel through the base station communication interface 110. The network sets the priority of the priority, and the present invention is not particularly limited. The priority maximum is used to indicate the priority type of the device 200 used. For example, when the priority maximum is 4, it can indicate that there are at most four priorities in the communication environment. In some embodiments, the priority of using device 200 may be granted by the base station, but the invention is not limited thereto.
效能資訊收集模組130負責持續收集基地台100所提供之邏輯通道的通道效能資訊。一般而言,效能資訊收集模組130可以每隔固定的時間、在特定的時間,及/或在預定的時間收集基地台100所提供之邏輯通道的通道效能資訊。The performance information collection module 130 is responsible for continuously collecting channel performance information of the logical channels provided by the base station 100. In general, the performance information collection module 130 can collect channel performance information of the logical channels provided by the base station 100 at regular times, at specific times, and/or at predetermined times.
效能資訊收集模組130所收集的通道效能資訊包含基地台100的通道閒置率以及通道存取成功率,但本發明並不以此為限,本發明所提之通道效能資訊還可以包含基地台100的通道存取碰撞率、通道存取延遲的平均值與統計值等。The channel performance information collected by the performance information collection module 130 includes the channel idle rate and the channel access success rate of the base station 100. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the channel performance information provided by the present invention may also include the base station. The channel access collision rate of 100, the average value and statistical value of the channel access delay, and the like.
存取層級限制計算模組150負責由基地台通訊介面110所接收到之設備效能資訊取得傳送該設備效能資訊之使用設備200的隨機存取成功率。基地台通訊介面110所接收到之設備效能資訊可能包含使用設備200的隨機存取成功率,如此,存取層級限制計算模組150可以直接由設備效能資訊中讀取使用設備200的隨機存取成功率;而若基地台通訊介面110所接收到之設備效能資訊沒有包含使用設備200的隨機存取成功率,但包含使用設備200的隨機存取總數以及使用設備200的隨機存取成功數,則存取層級限制計算模組150可以依據使用設備200的隨機存取總數與使用設備200的隨機存取成功數計算出使用設備200的隨機存取成功率,例如,將使用設備200的存取成功數除以使用設備200的隨機存取總數,所得到的商即為使用設備200的隨機存取成功率。The access level limit calculation module 150 is responsible for obtaining the random access success rate of the use device 200 that transmits the device performance information by the device performance information received by the base station communication interface 110. The device performance information received by the base station communication interface 110 may include the random access success rate of the device 200. Thus, the access level restriction calculation module 150 may directly read the random access of the use device 200 from the device performance information. The success rate; if the device performance information received by the base station communication interface 110 does not include the random access success rate of using the device 200, but includes the total number of random accesses using the device 200 and the random access success number of the device 200 used, The access level limit calculation module 150 can calculate the random access success rate of the use device 200 according to the total number of random accesses of the use device 200 and the random access success number of the use device 200, for example, the access of the device 200 to be used. The number of successes is divided by the total number of random accesses using device 200, and the resulting quotient is the random access success rate of device 200.
存取層級限制計算模組150也負責依據設定模組120所設定的優先權最大值、使用設備200的優先權與隨機存取成功率、以及效能資訊收集模組130所收集到之通道效能資訊判斷使用設備200之存取層級限制要素(Access Class Barring factor, ACB factor)。The access level limit calculation module 150 is also responsible for the priority value set by the setting module 120, the priority of the device 200 used, the random access success rate, and the channel performance information collected by the performance information collection module 130. It is judged that the access class barring factor (ACB factor) of the device 200 is used.
在部分的實施例中,存取層級限制計算模組150可以將各個使用設備200的隨機存取成功率與優先權、設定模組120所設定的優先權最大值、以及效能資訊收集模組130所收集到之通道效能資訊中的通道閒置率做為該累積分布函數做為一個累積分佈函數的參數,並在運算該累積分布函數後產生各個使用設備200的存取層級限制要素。其中,存取層級限制計算模組150所使用的累積分佈函數為一個具有S型(Sigmoid)特性之常態分布的累積分布函數,例如,函數ACB(x, σ, u ) :In some embodiments, the access level limit calculation module 150 can set the random access success rate and priority of each use device 200, the priority maximum value set by the setting module 120, and the performance information collection module 130. The channel idle rate in the collected channel performance information is used as a parameter of the cumulative distribution function as the cumulative distribution function, and the access level restriction elements of each use device 200 are generated after the cumulative distribution function is calculated. The cumulative distribution function used by the access level limit calculation module 150 is a cumulative distribution function having a normal distribution of Sigmoid characteristics, for example, a function ACB(x, σ, u ) :
, ,
其中,erf() 函數為累積分布函數中的高斯誤差函數;x 是由優先權最大值()、使用設備200的優先權(r )以及隨機存取成功率()計算產生,例如,以的式子產生;u 是由優先權最大值()、通道閒置率()以及使用設備200的優先權(r )產生,例如,以的式子產生;σ 是由x、u 、使用設備200的優先權(r )以及S型函數產生,例如:由的S型函數產生,其中,。但存取層級限制計算模組150計算存取層級限制要素的方式並不以上述為限,凡依據優先權最大值、使用設備200的優先權與隨機存取成功率、以及基地台100之通道效能資訊判斷使用設備200之存取層級限制要素的方式都可以在本發明中被使用。Where erf() function is the Gaussian error function in the cumulative distribution function; x is the maximum value of priority ( ), using the priority ( r ) of the device 200 and the random access success rate ( The calculation produces, for example, The formula is generated; u is the maximum value of priority ( ), channel idle rate ( And using the priority ( r ) of the device 200 to generate, for example, The equation is generated; σ is generated by x, u , using the priority ( r ) of the device 200, and the sigmoid function, for example: by The sigmoid function is generated, among them, . However, the manner in which the access level restriction calculation module 150 calculates the access level restriction element is not limited to the above, and the priority according to the priority, the priority of the device 200 used, the random access success rate, and the channel of the base station 100. The manner in which the performance information determines the use of the access level restriction elements of the device 200 can be used in the present invention.
另外,存取層級限制計算模組150可以在基地台通訊介面110接收到使用設備200所傳送的設備效能資訊後,立刻依據被接收到的設備效能資訊取得使用設備200的隨機存取成功率,並隨即開始判斷傳送該設備效能資訊之使用設備200的存取層級限制要素,但本發明並不以此為限,例如,存取層級限制計算模組150也可以每隔固定的時間間隔或在固定或預定的時間,才依據各個使用設備200最新(最後)傳送的設備效能資訊取得各個使用設備200的隨機存取成功率,並判斷各個使用設備200的存取層級限制要素。In addition, the access level limit calculation module 150 can obtain the random access success rate of the use device 200 according to the received device performance information after receiving the device performance information transmitted by the device 200 after the base station communication interface 110 receives the device performance information. Then, the access level restriction element of the device 200 for transmitting the device performance information is determined, but the invention is not limited thereto. For example, the access level restriction calculation module 150 can also be used at regular intervals or at intervals. At a fixed or predetermined time, the random access success rate of each use device 200 is obtained based on the latest (last) transmitted device performance information of each use device 200, and the access level restriction elements of each use device 200 are determined.
通道競爭範圍計算模組160負責依據存取層級限制計算模組150所計算出之各個使用設備200的存取層級限制要素計算各個使用設備200的競爭範圍權重值(Contention Domain Weight)。The channel contention range calculation module 160 is responsible for calculating the contention domain weight of each use device 200 according to the access level restriction elements of each use device 200 calculated by the access level restriction calculation module 150.
在部分的實施例中,通道競爭範圍計算模組160可以先計算優先權相同之所有使用設備之存取層級限制要素的平均值,並計算各個計算出之存取層級限制要素的平均值的總和,也就是先計算相同優先權之使用設備之存取層級限制要素的平均值,再加總不同優先權的使用設備之存取層級限制要素的平均值,例如,在與基地台100連接之所有使用設備200中,共有三種不同的優先權,則通道競爭範圍計算模組160可以分別計算優先權最高之各個使用設備的存取層級限制要素的平均值、優先權居中之各個使用設備的存取層級限制要素的平均值、優先權最低之各個使用設備的存取層級限制要素的平均值,再加總優先權最高、居中、最低的使用設備之存取層級限制要素的平均值。In some embodiments, the channel contention range calculation module 160 may first calculate an average of the access level restriction elements of all used devices having the same priority, and calculate the sum of the average values of the calculated access level restriction elements. That is, the average value of the access level restriction elements of the device using the same priority is first calculated, and the average value of the access level restriction elements of the devices of different priorities is added, for example, all connected to the base station 100. In the use device 200, there are three different priorities, and the channel contention range calculation module 160 can respectively calculate the average value of the access level restriction elements of each device with the highest priority and the access of each device in the center of priority. The average of the hierarchical limit elements, the average of the access level limit elements of each device with the lowest priority, and the average of the access level limit elements of the device with the highest priority, the middle, and the lowest priority.
通道競爭範圍計算模組160接著可以再依據所計算出之優先權不同的存取層級限制要素之平均值以及所計算出之不同優先權之平均值的總和計算各個使用設備200的競爭範圍權重值。例如,先定義具有最低優先權最低之使用設備200的權重值為,接著以下列三個式子計算出具有其他優先權之使用設備200的權重值:The channel contention range calculation module 160 may then calculate the contention range weight value of each use device 200 according to the calculated average of the access level restriction elements with different priorities and the sum of the calculated average values of different priorities. . For example, first define the weight value of the device 200 with the lowest priority, Then, the weight values of the device 200 with other priorities are calculated in the following three equations:
, ,
, ,
, ,
其中,為優先權為r 的存取層級限制要素之平均值,δ為各個不同優先權之平均值的總和。among them, For the average of the access level restriction elements with priority r , δ is the sum of the average values of the different priorities.
通道競爭範圍計算模組160也可以依據所計算出之各個使用設備200的競爭範圍權重值以及基地台100所提供之邏輯通道的數量(在本發明中也稱為「基地台100的可用存取通道數」)判斷各個使用設備200的通道競爭範圍。一般而言,通道競爭範圍計算模組160可以將基地台100的可用存取通道數乘上各個使用設備200的通道競爭範圍權重值,藉以取得各個使用設備200的通道競爭範圍。例如,基地台100提供54個邏輯通道,當使用設備200的通道競爭範圍權重值為0.5時,通道競爭範圍計算模組160判斷該使用設備200的通道競爭範圍為27。另外,若通道競爭範圍計算模組160所計算出之通道競爭範圍並非整數,則通道競爭範圍計算模組160通常可以將小數捨去,但本發明並不以此為限,也可以四捨五入或無條件進位。The channel contention range calculation module 160 may also be based on the calculated contention weight value of each use device 200 and the number of logical channels provided by the base station 100 (also referred to as "available access of the base station 100 in the present invention. The number of channels ") judges the channel competition range of each use device 200. In general, the channel contention range calculation module 160 can multiply the number of available access channels of the base station 100 by the channel contention range weight value of each device 200 to obtain the channel contention range of each device 200. For example, the base station 100 provides 54 logical channels. When the channel competition range weight value of the device 200 is 0.5, the channel contention range calculation module 160 determines that the channel competition range of the use device 200 is 27. In addition, if the channel competition range calculated by the channel competition range calculation module 160 is not an integer, the channel competition range calculation module 160 can usually round off the decimal number, but the invention is not limited thereto, and may be rounded or unconditional. carry.
在部分的實施例中,基地台100也可以包含存取競爭模組170。存取競爭模組170可以在基地台通訊介面110接收到使用設備200所傳送之存取競爭請求時,取得傳送該存取競爭請求之使用設備200的通道競爭範圍。例如,使用設備200所傳送之存取競爭請求中可以包含的使用設備200的使用設備識別碼,存取競爭模組170可以依據使用設備200的使用設備識別碼取得由通道競爭範圍計算模組160所判斷出之使用設備200的通道競爭範圍。In some embodiments, the base station 100 can also include an access competition module 170. The access contention module 170 can obtain the channel contention range of the user equipment 200 that transmits the access contention request when the base station communication interface 110 receives the access contention request transmitted by the device 200. For example, using the device identification code of the device 200 that can be included in the access contention request transmitted by the device 200, the access contention module 170 can obtain the channel contention range calculation module 160 according to the device identifier used by the device 200. It is determined that the channel competition range of the device 200 is used.
存取競爭模組170也可以依據所取得之使用設備200的通道競爭範圍提供使用設備200進行隨機存取競爭,也就是由傳送該存取競爭請求之使用設備200的通道競爭範圍所對應(mapping)到的多個邏輯通道中隨機選出一個邏輯通道。例如,當使用設備200的通道競爭範圍為27時,使用設備200的通道競爭範圍所對應之邏輯通道的識別資料分別為1~27,存取競爭模組170可以隨機由識別資料為1~27的邏輯通道中選出一條邏輯通道,並判斷被選出的邏輯通道是否同時也被其他使用設備200選擇使用,若是,則表示競爭失敗,若否,則表示競爭成功。The access competition module 170 can also provide the use device 200 for random access competition according to the obtained channel contention range of the use device 200, that is, the channel competition range of the use device 200 that transmits the access contention request (mapping) A random logical channel is selected among the plurality of logical channels. For example, when the channel competition range of the device 200 is 27, the identification data of the logical channel corresponding to the channel competition range of the device 200 is 1~27, and the access competition module 170 can randomly identify the data as 1~27. A logical channel is selected from the logical channels, and it is judged whether the selected logical channel is also selected and used by other use devices 200. If yes, the competition fails, and if not, the competition is successful.
以下將開始對使用設備200進行說明。使用設備200可以使用4G通訊技術與基地台100連接,並可以使用基地台100所提供的一個或多個邏輯通道與基地台100交換資料。其中,使用設備200更包含設備通訊介面210、效能計算模組230、存取競爭模組240、以及退讓時間計算模組280。The use of the device 200 will be described below. The usage device 200 can be connected to the base station 100 using 4G communication technology, and can exchange data with the base station 100 using one or more logical channels provided by the base station 100. The device 200 further includes a device communication interface 210, a performance calculation module 230, an access competition module 240, and a fallback time calculation module 280.
設備通訊介面210負責與基地台100交換資料。例如,設備通訊介面210可以接收基地台100所發出的系統資訊廣播,設備通訊介面210也可以傳送效能計算模組230所產生的設備效能資訊至基地台100。一般而言,設備通訊介面210可以透過緩衝區狀態回報(Buffer Status Reports, BSRs)將設備效能資訊傳送給基地台100。The device communication interface 210 is responsible for exchanging data with the base station 100. For example, the device communication interface 210 can receive the system information broadcast sent by the base station 100, and the device communication interface 210 can also transmit the device performance information generated by the performance calculation module 230 to the base station 100. In general, the device communication interface 210 can transmit device performance information to the base station 100 through Buffer Status Reports (BSRs).
效能計算模組230負責計算使用設備200的設備效能資訊。一般而言,效能計算模組230可以每隔固定的時間、在特定的時間,及/或在預定的時間計算使用設備200的設備效能資訊。The performance calculation module 230 is responsible for calculating device performance information of the usage device 200. In general, the performance calculation module 230 can calculate device performance information for the device 200 to be used at regular times, at specific times, and/or at predetermined times.
效能計算模組230計算產生的設備效能資訊可以是使用設備200的隨機存取成功率、隨機存取碰撞率、競爭次數平均值、競爭成功平均值、競爭失敗平均值等,但本發明所提之設備效能資訊並不以上述為限。The device performance information calculated by the performance calculation module 230 may be the random access success rate of the device 200, the random access collision rate, the average number of competition times, the average value of the competition success, the average value of the competition failure, etc., but the present invention proposes Device performance information is not limited to the above.
一般而言,效能計算模組230可以依據使用設備200的運作狀態收集使用設備200的競爭次數、競爭成功次數、與競爭失敗次數,並依據所收集到的競爭次數、競爭成功次數、與競爭失敗次數計算出競爭次數平均值、競爭成功平均值、競爭失敗平均值;效能計算模組230也可以將所計算出的競爭次數平均值除以所計算出的競爭失敗平均值,藉以取得使用設備200的隨機存取碰撞率,也可以將所計算出的競爭次數平均值除以所計算出的競爭成功平均值,藉以取得使用設備200的隨機存取成功率。但效能計算模組230記算設備效能資訊之方式同樣不以上述為限。In general, the performance calculation module 230 can collect the number of competitions, the number of competition successes, and the number of competition failures of the usage device 200 according to the operation state of the use device 200, and according to the number of competitions collected, the number of competition successes, and the competition failure. The number of times of competition calculates the average of the competition times, the average value of the competition success, and the average value of the competition failure. The performance calculation module 230 may also divide the calculated average number of competition times by the calculated average value of the competition failure, thereby obtaining the usage device 200. The random access collision rate may also be obtained by dividing the calculated average number of competition times by the calculated competitive success average value, thereby obtaining the random access success rate of the use device 200. However, the manner in which the performance calculation module 230 calculates the device performance information is also not limited to the above.
存取競爭模組240負責透過設備通訊介面210與基地台100通訊,例如傳送存取競爭請求至基地台100,使基地台100使用與使用設備200相對應的通道競爭範圍進行隨機存取競爭,並負責判斷基地台100為使用設備200所進行的隨機存取競爭是成功或是失敗。The access competition module 240 is responsible for communicating with the base station 100 through the device communication interface 210, for example, transmitting an access competition request to the base station 100, so that the base station 100 performs random access competition using the channel contention range corresponding to the use device 200. It is also responsible for determining whether the random access competition performed by the base station 100 for using the device 200 is successful or failed.
存取競爭模組240可以在判斷隨機存取競爭失敗時,依據退讓時間計算模組280所產生的退讓時間進行等待,並在等待退讓時間後,再次透過設備通訊介面210與基地台100通訊,使基地台100使用與使用設備200相對應的通道競爭範圍進行隨機存取競爭,並判斷基地台100為使用設備200所進行的隨機存取競爭是成功或是失敗,直到判斷隨機存取競爭成功或是再次進行隨機存取競爭的次數達到預定值為止。The access competing module 240 can wait for the retreat time generated by the elapsed time calculation module 280 to wait for the failure of the random access competition, and wait for the retreat time to communicate with the base station 100 again through the device communication interface 210. The base station 100 is used to perform random access competition using the channel contention range corresponding to the use device 200, and determines whether the random access competition performed by the base station 100 for using the device 200 is successful or failed until the random access competition is successfully determined. Or the number of times of random access competition again reaches a predetermined value.
退讓時間計算模組280負責在存取競爭模組240判斷隨機存取競爭失敗時,依據設備通訊介面210所接收到的系統資訊廣播所包含的通道存取成功平均值與可用通道平均值、以及效能計算模組230所計算出的隨機存取碰撞率決定當次競爭失敗的退讓時間。The back-off time calculation module 280 is responsible for the channel access success average and the available channel average value included in the system information broadcast received by the device communication interface 210 when the access competition module 240 determines that the random access competition fails. The random access collision rate calculated by the performance calculation module 230 determines the return time of the next competition failure.
在部份的實施例中,退讓時間計算模組280可以先使用以下的式子計算使用設備200的最大退讓時間索引:In some embodiments, the backoff time calculation module 280 can first calculate the maximum backoff time index of the usage device 200 using the following formula:
, ,
其中,為使用設備200的最大退讓時間索引;為預定的系統最大退讓時間索引;為基地台100的通道存取成功率,由系統資訊廣播所包含的可用通道平均值除以通道存取成功平均值獲得;為效能計算模組230所計算出之使用設備200的隨機存取碰撞率。among them, To use the maximum backoff time index of device 200; Index of the maximum back-off time for the scheduled system; The channel access success rate for the base station 100 is obtained by dividing the average of the available channels included in the system information broadcast by the channel access success average; The random access collision rate of the device 200 used for the performance calculation module 230 is calculated.
退讓時間計算模組280接著可以依據所產生之最大退讓時間索引決定當次競爭失敗的退讓時間索引,並依據所決定的退讓時間索引取得相對應的退讓時間。一般而言,退讓時間計算模組280可以隨機決定一個介於0至所產生之最大退讓時間索引之間的數值做為當次的退讓時間索引。另外,在部分的實施例中,退讓時間計算模組280可以使用查表的方式來依據所決定的退讓時間索引取得相對應的退讓時間。但退讓時間計算模組280記算產生退讓時間的方式並不以上述為限。The back time calculation module 280 can then determine the back time index of the current competition failure according to the generated maximum back time index, and obtain the corresponding back time according to the determined back time index. In general, the backoff time calculation module 280 can randomly determine a value between 0 and the generated maximum backoff time index as the current backoff time index. In addition, in some embodiments, the back-off time calculation module 280 may use a look-up table to obtain a corresponding back-off time according to the determined back-off time index. However, the manner in which the backoff time calculation module 280 calculates the generation of the backoff time is not limited to the above.
接著以一個實施例來解說本發明的運作系統與方法,並請參照「第2A圖」本發明所提之參考優先權與通訊效能進行隨機存取競爭之方法流程圖。Next, an operational system and method of the present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment. Referring to FIG. 2A, a flowchart of a method for performing random access competition with reference priority and communication performance according to the present invention will be described.
在本實施例中,首先,基地台100的管理人員需要先設定系統的優先權最大值(步驟301)。在本實施例中,假設優先權最大值為「4」,表示系統中的使用設備200包含四種優先權,分別以1至4表示,其中,最高的優先權以1表示,最低的優先權以4表示。In the present embodiment, first, the administrator of the base station 100 needs to first set the priority value of the system (step 301). In this embodiment, it is assumed that the priority maximum value is "4", which means that the usage device 200 in the system includes four priorities, which are respectively represented by 1 to 4, wherein the highest priority is represented by 1, and the lowest priority is given. Expressed as 4.
在基地台100開始運作後,基地台100的效能資訊收集模組130可以持續的收集基地台100所提供之邏輯通道的通道效能資訊(步驟312)。在本實施例中,假設效能資訊收集模組130可以每隔固定的時間收集基地台100的通道閒置率及通道存取成功率等通道效能資訊。After the base station 100 starts to operate, the performance information collection module 130 of the base station 100 can continuously collect the channel performance information of the logical channel provided by the base station 100 (step 312). In this embodiment, it is assumed that the performance information collection module 130 can collect channel performance information such as the channel idle rate and the channel access success rate of the base station 100 at regular intervals.
同樣在基地台100開始運作後,若有使用設備200與基地台100連接,則基地台100的基地台通訊介面110可以持續的將系統資訊廣播傳送給與基地台100連接的使用設備200,同時,基地台100的效能資訊收集模組130也可以持續的透過基地台通訊介面110收集與基地台100連接之使用設備的設備效能資訊(步驟316)。在本實施例中,假設在使用設備200開始運作後,使用設備200的效能計算模組230可以持續的計算使用設備200的設備效能資訊,且使用設備200的設備通訊介面210可以不斷使用緩衝區狀態回報的方式,將效能計算模組230所計算出的設備效能資訊傳送給基地台100,使得效能資訊收集模組130可以透過基地台100的基地台通訊介面110收集到與基地台100連接之使用設備200所傳送的設備效能資訊。Similarly, after the base station 100 starts operating, if the use device 200 is connected to the base station 100, the base station communication interface 110 of the base station 100 can continuously transmit the system information broadcast to the use device 200 connected to the base station 100, and simultaneously The performance information collection module 130 of the base station 100 can also continuously collect device performance information of the device connected to the base station 100 through the base station communication interface 110 (step 316). In this embodiment, it is assumed that after the device 200 is started to operate, the performance calculation module 230 of the device 200 can continuously calculate the device performance information of the device 200, and the device communication interface 210 of the device 200 can continuously use the buffer. The mode of the status report is transmitted to the base station 100 by the performance calculation module 230, so that the performance information collection module 130 can be connected to the base station 100 through the base station communication interface 110 of the base station 100. The device performance information transmitted by the device 200 is used.
在基地台100的效能資訊收集模組130收集到基地台100所提供之邏輯通道的通道效能資訊以及與基地台100連接之使用設備的設備效能資訊(步驟312、316)後,基地台100的存取層級限制計算模組150可以依據基地台100的設定模組120所設定的優先權最大值、效能資訊收集模組130由所收集到之設備效能資訊中取得的隨機存取成功率、傳送被效能資訊收集模組130收集之設備效能資訊的使用設備200的優先權、以及效能資訊收集模組130所收集到的通道效能資訊,判斷傳送效能資訊收集模組130收集之設備效能資訊之使用設備200的存取層級限制要素(步驟320)。在本實施例中,存取層級限制計算模組150可以在每隔固定的時間或在基地台通訊介面110接收到使用設備200所傳送的設備效能資訊時,將設定模組120所設定的優先權最大值、效能資訊收集模組130所取得的隨機存取成功率、使用設備200的優先權、效能資訊收集模組130所收集到的通道效能資訊做為具有S型特性之常態分布的累積分布函數ACB() 的參數,並對ACB() 進行運算,藉以在運算後取得傳送被效能資訊收集模組130收集之設備效能資訊的使用設備200的存取層級限制要素,其中,假設存取層級限制計算模組150所計算出之存取層級限制要素的範圍介於0到1之間。After the performance information collection module 130 of the base station 100 collects the channel performance information of the logical channel provided by the base station 100 and the device performance information of the used device connected to the base station 100 (steps 312, 316), the base station 100 The access level limit calculation module 150 can obtain the random access success rate and the transmission result obtained by the performance information collection module 130 from the collected device performance information according to the priority maximum value set by the setting module 120 of the base station 100. The priority of the device 200 used by the performance information collection module 130 and the channel performance information collected by the performance information collection module 130 are used to determine the use of the device performance information collected by the transmission performance information collection module 130. The access level restriction element of device 200 (step 320). In this embodiment, the access level restriction calculation module 150 can set the priority set by the setting module 120 when receiving the device performance information transmitted by the device 200 at a fixed time or when the base station communication interface 110 receives the device performance information transmitted by the device 200. The maximum value of the weight, the random access success rate obtained by the performance information collection module 130, the priority of the use device 200, and the channel performance information collected by the performance information collection module 130 as the accumulation of the normal distribution with the S-type characteristic. The parameter of the distribution function ACB() is operated on the ACB() to obtain the access level restriction element of the device 200 for transmitting the device performance information collected by the performance information collection module 130 after the operation, wherein the access is assumed The level of the access level restriction element calculated by the level limit calculation module 150 is between 0 and 1.
在基地台100的存取層級限制計算模組150判斷出使用設備200的存取層級限制要素後,基地台100的通道競爭範圍計算模組160可以依據存取層級限制計算模組150所判斷出之使用設備200的存取層級限制要素來計算使用設備200之競爭範圍權重值(步驟340)。在本實施例中,假設通道競爭範圍計算模組160可以先計算與基地台100連接之所有使用設備200中,優先權為1之使用設備之存取層級限制要素的平均值,再依序計算與基地台100連接之所有使用設備中,優先權分別為2、3、4之使用設備之存取層級限制要素的平均值,如此,可以計算出四個優先權不同的使用設備之存取層級限制要素的平均值。接著,通道競爭範圍計算模組160可以計算四個存取層級限制要素的平均值的總和,再將所計算出之不同優先權之平均值的總和除以所計算出之優先權為1之使用設備的存取層級限制要素之平均值,藉以計算優先權為1之使用設備200的競爭範圍權重值,同樣的,通道競爭範圍計算模組160也可以將所計算出之不同優先權之平均值的總和分別除以所計算出之優先權為2、3、4之使用設備的存取層級限制要素之平均值,藉以計算優先權為2、3、4之使用設備200的競爭範圍權重值。After the access level restriction calculation module 150 of the base station 100 determines that the access level restriction element of the device 200 is used, the channel competition range calculation module 160 of the base station 100 can determine the calculation according to the access level restriction calculation module 150. The access level restriction element of the device 200 is used to calculate the contention range weight value of the usage device 200 (step 340). In this embodiment, it is assumed that the channel contention range calculation module 160 may first calculate the average value of the access level restriction elements of the device with priority 1 in all the devices 200 connected to the base station 100, and then calculate sequentially. Among all the devices connected to the base station 100, the priority values of the access level restriction elements of the devices using the priorities of 2, 3, and 4 are respectively, so that the access levels of the four devices having different priorities can be calculated. The average of the restricted features. Then, the channel contention range calculation module 160 can calculate the sum of the average values of the four access level restriction elements, and divide the sum of the calculated average values of the different priorities by the calculated priority of 1. The average value of the access level restriction elements of the device is used to calculate the competition range weight value of the device 200 with priority 1. Similarly, the channel content range calculation module 160 may also calculate the average value of the different priorities. The sum of the sums is divided by the average of the access level limit elements of the used devices with the calculated priority of 2, 3, and 4, respectively, to calculate the contention range weight value of the use device 200 with the priority of 2, 3, and 4.
在基地台100的通道競爭範圍計算模組160依據計算出各個使用設備200之競爭範圍權重值後,通道競爭範圍計算模組160可以依據所計算出之各個使用設備200之競爭範圍權重值以及基地台100所提供之邏輯通道的數量(也就是基地台100的可用存取通道數)分別判斷各個使用設備200的通道競爭範圍(步驟350)。在本實施例中,假設通道競爭範圍計算模組160可以使用設備200的競爭範圍權重值乘上基地台100的可用存取通道數,藉以取得出各個使用設備200的通道競爭範圍,例如,當通道競爭範圍計算模組160所計算出之優先權為1、2、3、4之使用設備200的競爭範圍權重值分別為1.0、0.8、0.7、0.55時,若基地台100提供54個邏輯通道給所有使用設備200使用,則優先權為1、2、3、4之使用設備200的通道競爭範圍分別為54、43、37、29。After the channel competition range calculation module 160 of the base station 100 calculates the competition range weight value of each use device 200, the channel competition range calculation module 160 can calculate the competition range weight value and base of each use device 200 according to the calculation. The number of logical channels provided by the station 100 (i.e., the number of available access channels of the base station 100) respectively determine the channel contention range of each of the devices 200 (step 350). In this embodiment, it is assumed that the channel contention range calculation module 160 can use the contention range weight value of the device 200 to multiply the number of available access channels of the base station 100, thereby obtaining the channel competition range of each use device 200, for example, when The base station 100 provides 54 logical channels when the competition range weights of the device 200 with the priority of 1, 2, 3, and 4 calculated by the channel competition range calculation module 160 are 1.0, 0.8, 0.7, and 0.55, respectively. For use by all of the devices 200, the channel competition ranges for the device 200 with priority 1, 2, 3, 4 are 54, 43, 37, 29, respectively.
在基地台100的通道競爭範圍計算模組160判斷出各個使用設備200的通道競爭範圍後,當使用設備200的存取競爭模組240至基地台100進行隨機存取競爭(步驟360)時,基地台100的存取競爭模組170可以依據使用設備200的通道競爭範圍提供使用設備200進行隨機存取競爭。在本實施例中,當使用設備200至基地台100進行隨機存取競爭時,基地台100可以依據欲進行隨機存取競爭之使用設備200的通道競爭範圍決定使用設備200可以存取的邏輯通道的數量,例如,優先權為1之使用設備200的通道競爭範圍為54,表示優先權為1之使用設備200可以使用識別碼為0~53的54個邏輯通道與其他優先權不為1之使用設備進行隨機存取競爭;優先權為2之使用設備200的通道競爭範圍為43,表示優先權為2之使用設備200可以使用識別碼為0~42的43個邏輯通道與其它使用設備進行隨機存取競爭;優先權為3之使用設備200的通道競爭範圍為37,表示優先權為3之使用設備200可以使用識別碼為0~36的37個邏輯通道進行隨機存取競爭;優先權為4之使用設備200的通道競爭範圍為29,表示優先權為4之使用設備200可以使用識別碼為0~28的29個邏輯通道進行隨機存取競爭。換句話說,識別碼為43~54的邏輯通道只有優先權為1的使用設備200可以互相競爭,識別碼為37~43的邏輯通道可以被優先權為1、2的使用設備200競爭使用,識別碼為29~36的邏輯通道是由優先權為1、2、3的使用設備200競爭,識別碼為0~28的邏輯通道則可以被所有的使用設備200使用。After the channel contention range calculation module 160 of the base station 100 determines the channel contention range of each device 200, when the access competition module 240 of the device 200 is used to perform random access competition to the base station 100 (step 360), The access competition module 170 of the base station 100 can provide the use device 200 for random access contention according to the channel contention range of the use device 200. In this embodiment, when the device 200 is used to perform random access competition with the base station 100, the base station 100 can determine the logical channel that the device 200 can access according to the channel contention range of the device 200 for random access competition. For example, the channel competition range of the device 200 with the priority of 1 is 54, and the device 200 indicating the priority of 1 can use 54 logical channels whose identification codes are 0 to 53 and other priorities are not 1. The device uses the random access competition; the channel with the priority of 2 uses the channel competition range of 43, and the device 200 with the priority of 2 can use 43 logical channels with IDs of 0 to 42 and other devices. Random access competition; the channel competition range of the device 200 with priority 3 is 37, and the device 200 indicating priority 3 can use random access competition for 37 logical channels with IDs of 0~36; The channel competition range of the device 200 for use of 4 is 29, and the device 200 indicating the priority of 4 can perform random access competition using 29 logical channels having an identification code of 0-28. In other words, the logical channel having the identification code of 43 to 54 can only compete with each other using the device 200 having the priority of 1. The logical channel having the identification code of 37 to 43 can be used by the using device 200 having the priority of 1, 2, The logical channel with the identification code of 29~36 is competed by the using device 200 with the priority of 1, 2, 3, and the logical channel with the identification code of 0~28 can be used by all the using devices 200.
如此,透過本發明,便可以讓具有較高優先權的使用設備200能夠使用較多的邏輯通道進行隨機存取競爭,使得具有較高優先權的使用設備200可以獲得較多傳送資料的機率,藉以讓不同優先權之使用設備200具有不同的服務品質,進而確保具有較高優先權之使用設備有較高的服務品質。Thus, with the present invention, the user device 200 with higher priority can use more logical channels for random access competition, so that the device 200 with higher priority can obtain more probability of transmitting data. Therefore, the use devices 200 of different priorities have different service qualities, thereby ensuring that the devices with higher priority have higher service quality.
請繼續參考「第2B圖」。在上述的實施例中,當使用設備200連線至基地台100,基地台100提供使用設備200進行隨機存取競爭(步驟360)後,使用設備200的存取競爭模組240可以透過使用設備200的設備通訊介面210判斷在基地台100中進行的隨機存取競爭是否失敗(步驟370)。若否,也就是隨機存取競爭成功,則使用設備200透過設備通訊介面210使用隨機存取競爭成功的邏輯通道進行資料傳送。Please continue to refer to "Figure 2B". In the above embodiment, when the device 200 is used to connect to the base station 100, and the base station 100 provides random access competition using the device 200 (step 360), the access competition module 240 of the use device 200 can use the device. The device communication interface 210 of 200 determines whether the random access competition performed in the base station 100 has failed (step 370). If not, that is, the random access competition is successful, the device 200 is used to transmit data through the device communication interface 210 using a random access competitive logical channel.
而若隨機存取競爭失敗,則使用設備200的退讓時間計算模組280可以依據基地台100所傳送之系統資訊廣播中之通道存取成功平均值及可用通道平均值、以及效能計算模組230計算產生的隨機存取碰撞率計算退讓時間(步驟380)。在本實施例中,假設退讓時間計算模組280可以依據基地台100所傳送之系統資訊廣播中之通道存取成功平均值及可用通道平均值計算出基地台100的通道存取成功率,並依據預定的系統最大退讓時間索引、基地台100的通道存取成功率、以及效能計算模組230所計算出之使用設備200的隨機存取碰撞率計算最大退讓時間索引,再隨機決定一個介於0至所產生之最大退讓時間索引之間的數值做為當次的退讓時間索引,並依據被產生之退讓時間索引取得相對應的退讓時間。If the random access competition fails, the backoff time calculation module 280 of the device 200 can use the channel access success average and the available channel average value in the system information broadcast transmitted by the base station 100, and the performance calculation module 230. The resulting random access collision rate is calculated to calculate the backoff time (step 380). In this embodiment, it is assumed that the backoff time calculation module 280 can calculate the channel access success rate of the base station 100 according to the channel access success average value and the available channel average value in the system information broadcast transmitted by the base station 100, and Calculating the maximum back time index according to the predetermined system maximum back time index, the channel access success rate of the base station 100, and the random access collision rate calculated by the performance calculation module 230, and then randomly determining an interval The value between 0 and the generated maximum back-off time index is used as the current back-off time index, and the corresponding back-off time is obtained according to the generated back-off time index.
在使用設備200的退讓時間計算模組280計算出退讓時間後,使用設備200的存取競爭模組240可以等待退讓時間計算模組280所計算出的退讓時間(步驟390),並可以在退讓時間終了後,再次透過使用設備200的設備通訊介面210連線至基地台100,使基地台100再次提供使用設備200進行隨機存取競爭(步驟360),直到存取競爭模組240判斷隨機存取競爭成功或是再次進行隨機存取競爭的次數達到預定值為止,例如10次。After the backoff time calculation module 280 of the device 200 is used to calculate the backoff time, the access contention module 240 of the use device 200 can wait for the backoff time calculated by the backoff time calculation module 280 (step 390), and can be retired. After the end of time, the device communication interface 210 of the device 200 is used again to connect to the base station 100, so that the base station 100 again provides the use device 200 for random access competition (step 360), until the access competition module 240 determines to randomly store. The number of times the competition is successful or the random access competition is repeated again reaches a predetermined value, for example, 10 times.
綜上所述,可知本發明與先前技術之間的差異在於具有基地台依據系統的優先權最大值、使用設備的隨機存取成功率、使用設備的優先權、以及基地台的通道效能資訊判斷使用設備之存取層級限制要素後,依據使用設備的存取層級限制要素計算與基地台之可用存取通道數判斷使用設備之通道競爭範圍,使得基地台依據通道競爭範圍提供使用設備進行隨機存取競爭之技術手段,藉由此一技術手段可以解決先前技術所存在4G LTE/LTE-A行動無線通訊環境中無法保證使用設備之服務品質的問題,進而達成降低隨機存取通道碰撞機率與壅塞、並增加行動通訊網路系統的有效吞吐量之技術功效。In summary, it can be seen that the difference between the present invention and the prior art is that the base station has a maximum priority based on the priority of the system, the random access success rate of the used device, the priority of using the device, and the channel performance information of the base station. After using the access level restriction element of the device, the channel competition range of the device is determined according to the access level restriction element of the device, and the channel competition range of the device is determined according to the channel competition content, so that the base station provides the device for random storage according to the channel competition range. Taking the technical means of competition, the technical means can solve the problem that the service quality of the device cannot be guaranteed in the 4G LTE/LTE-A mobile wireless communication environment in the prior art, thereby achieving the problem of reducing the random access channel collision probability and congestion. And increase the technical effectiveness of the effective throughput of mobile communication network systems.
再者,本發明之參考優先權與通訊效能進行隨機存取競爭之方法,可實現於硬體、軟體或硬體與軟體之組合中,亦可在電腦系統中以集中方式實現或以不同元件散佈於若干互連之電腦系統的分散方式實現。Furthermore, the method for the random access competition of the reference priority and the communication performance of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, software or a combination of hardware and software, or can be implemented in a centralized manner in a computer system or in different components. Distributed implementation of a number of interconnected computer systems.
雖然本發明所揭露之實施方式如上,惟所述之內容並非用以直接限定本發明之專利保護範圍。任何本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明所揭露之精神和範圍的前提下,對本發明之實施的形式上及細節上作些許之更動潤飾,均屬於本發明之專利保護範圍。本發明之專利保護範圍,仍須以所附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。While the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any modification of the form and details of the practice of the present invention, which is a matter of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains, is a patent protection of the present invention. range. The scope of the invention is to be determined by the scope of the appended claims.
100‧‧‧基地台
110‧‧‧基地台通訊介面
120‧‧‧設定模組
130‧‧‧效能資訊收集模組
150‧‧‧存取層級限制計算模組
160‧‧‧通道競爭範圍計算模組
170‧‧‧存取競爭模組
200‧‧‧使用設備
210‧‧‧設備通訊介面
230‧‧‧效能計算模組
240‧‧‧存取競爭模組
280‧‧‧退讓時間計算模組
步驟301‧‧‧基地台設定優先權最大值
步驟312‧‧‧基地台收集邏輯通道之通道效能資訊
步驟316‧‧‧基地台收集使用設備之設備效能資訊
步驟320‧‧‧基地台依據優先權最大值、由設備效能資訊所取得之隨機存取成功率、使用設備之優先權、及通道效能資訊判斷使用設備之存取層級限制要素
步驟340‧‧‧基地台依據使用設備之存取層級限制要素計算使用設備之競爭範圍權重值
步驟350‧‧‧基地台依據使用設備之競爭範圍權重值及基地台之可用存取通道數判斷使用設備之通道競爭範圍
步驟360‧‧‧基地台提供使用設備依據通道競爭範圍進行隨機存取競爭
步驟370‧‧‧判斷隨機存取競爭是否失敗
步驟380‧‧‧依據基地台所傳送之系統資訊廣播中之通道存取成功平均值及可用通道平均值、及計算產生之隨機存取碰撞率計算退讓時間
步驟390‧‧‧等待退讓時間100‧‧‧Base Station
110‧‧‧Base station communication interface
120‧‧‧Setting module
130‧‧‧Efficient Information Collection Module
150‧‧‧Access level limit calculation module
160‧‧‧Channel Competition Range Calculation Module
170‧‧‧Access to the competition module
200‧‧‧Use equipment
210‧‧‧Device communication interface
230‧‧‧ Performance Computing Module
240‧‧‧Access competition module
280‧‧‧Retirement time calculation module Step 301‧‧‧Base station setting priority maximum Step 312‧‧‧Base station collects channel performance information of logical channel Step 316‧‧‧ Base station collects equipment performance information steps of using equipment 320‧‧‧Base station determines the access level restriction element of the device based on the maximum priority, the random access success rate obtained from the device performance information, the priority of the device, and the channel performance information. Step 340‧‧‧ Base The station calculates the weight of the contention range of the device based on the access level restriction element of the device. Step 350. ‧ The base station determines the channel competition range of the device based on the weight of the competition range of the device and the number of available access channels of the base station 360‧‧‧Base station provides the use of equipment to conduct random access competition based on the channel competition. Step 370‧‧ Determine whether the random access competition fails. Steps 380‧‧‧According to the channel access success average in the system information broadcast transmitted by the base station Value and available channel average, and calculation of the random access collision rate calculated Time waits for concessions steps 390‧‧‧ time
第1圖為本發明所提之參考優先權與通訊效能進行隨機存取競爭之系統架構圖。 第2A圖為本發明所提之參考優先權與通訊效能進行隨機存取競爭之方法流程圖。 第2B圖為本發明所提之參考優先權與通訊效能進行隨機存取競爭之附加方法流程圖。FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram of random access competition for reference priority and communication performance according to the present invention. FIG. 2A is a flow chart of a method for performing random access competition by reference priority and communication performance according to the present invention. FIG. 2B is a flow chart of an additional method for performing random access competition by reference priority and communication performance according to the present invention.
步驟301‧‧‧基地台設定優先權最大值 Step 301‧‧‧Base station setting priority
步驟312‧‧‧基地台收集邏輯通道之通道效能資訊 Step 312‧‧‧Base station collects channel performance information of logical channels
步驟316‧‧‧基地台收集使用設備之設備效能資訊 Step 316‧‧‧ Base station collects equipment performance information for the equipment used
步驟320‧‧‧基地台依據優先權最大值、由設備效能資訊所取得之隨機存取成功率、使用設備之優先權、及通道效能資訊判斷使用設備之存取層級限制要素 Step 320‧‧‧ The base station determines the access level restriction element of the device according to the maximum priority, the random access success rate obtained from the device performance information, the priority of the device used, and the channel performance information.
步驟340‧‧‧基地台依據使用設備之存取層級限制要素計算使用設備之競爭範圍權重值 Step 340‧‧‧ The base station calculates the competition range weight value of the used device based on the access level restriction element of the device
步驟350‧‧‧基地台依據使用設備之競爭範圍權重值及基地台之可用存取通道數判斷使用設備之通道競爭範圍 Step 350‧‧‧ The base station judges the channel competition range of the used equipment according to the weight of the competition range of the equipment used and the number of available access channels of the base station
步驟360‧‧‧基地台提供使用設備依據通道競爭範圍進行隨機存取競爭 Step 360‧‧‧Base stations provide equipment for random access competition based on channel competition
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US8868035B2 (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2014-10-21 | Htc Corporation | Methods for access control with a back-off timer maintained for low priority devices or machine type communication (MTC) devices, and apparatuses using the same |
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