TW201643487A - Light directing film - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a light directing film comprising a first structured major surface, a second major surface opposite to the first structured major surface and a reference plane between the first structured major surface and the second major surface, wherein the reference plane is substantially perpendicular to the thickness direction of the light directing film, wherein the first structured major surface comprises a first prism element and a second prism element extending substantially in a first direction, wherein a first ridge of the first prism element has a first height relative to the reference plane and a second ridge of the second prism element has a second height relative to the reference plane, wherein the first height of the first ridge of the first prism element varies along the first direction. Preferably, the maximum of the first height is larger than the maximum of the second height.

Description

Light guiding film

The present invention relates to an optical substrate having a structured surface, and more particularly to an optical substrate capable of enhancing brightness, and more particularly to an optical substrate having a planar light source flat panel display.

Flat display technology is widely used in television displays, computer monitors, and handheld electronics (eg, cell phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), etc.). A liquid crystal display (LCD) is a type of flat panel display that incorporates a liquid crystal (LC) module having a pixel array to represent an image. In a backlit LCD, the brightness enhancement film uses a crucible structure to direct light along the line of sight (note: perpendicular to the display) to enhance the brightness of the light seen by the user, thus making the system less The energy to produce the required on-axix illumination.

So far, the brightness enhancement film has been provided by parallel grooves, double convex grooves, or pyramid shapes on the light emitting surface of the film to change the light passing through the film/air interface when leaving the film. The angle and the oblique incident light can be redistributed in a direction perpendicular to the light output face of the film such that more light can be perpendicular to the film light output face. The brightness enhancement film has a smooth light entrance surface through which light enters the backlight module. To date, many applications have used two brightness enhancement film layers that are in a rotational relationship with each other, so that the grooves in the respective film layers are at an angle of 90 degrees to each other.

When two brightness enhancement films are used in a flat panel display, undesired moiré may occur, which is caused by interference of periodic pattern structures on the surfaces of the two brightness enhancement films. In the past, brightness enhancement films have developed a variety of different surface structures to avoid the formation of moiré. In a flat panel display incorporating a single layer of brightness enhancement film, the periodic pattern caused by the pattern is due to the film itself and the reflected image of the pattern (when reflected by other surfaces in the flat panel display) Caused. Moreover, the structure of the brightness enhancement film and the pixel array on the LC module also form a moiré pattern.

For example, U.S. Patent No. 5,280,371 discloses the use of different parallel spatial frequencies or spacings for two parallel brightness enhancement films. It further discloses that at least one brightness enhancement film is rotated relative to the LC module pixel array such that the longitudinal structure on the film forms an angle with the pixel array, thereby reducing the moiré effect. However, due to the traditional process of manufacturing a brightness film, important trimming is necessary to obtain a vertical shape brightness enhancement film for use with a rectangular flat panel display, relative to the pixel array of the LC module, The structure is rotated an angle. This method greatly increases the cost of production.

U.S. Patent No. 5,919,551 discloses an optical film structure having parallel, varying peaks or inter-groove spacing to reduce visible moiré patterns and to reveal a display incorporating light from one or more layers of film. The pitch variation can span adjacent peaks and/or valleys or bebetween adjacent pairs of spikes and/or valleys. The cross section of the optical film, along the direction of the peaks and valleys, remains unchanged.

U.S. Patent No. 6,862,141 discloses an optical substrate having a three dimensional space surface and having a correlation length of about 1 cm or less. The optical substrate is defined as a first surface structure function that is modulated by a second surface structure function, the light entering from the first track, the first surface structure function producing at least one reflected component. The peaks of the three-dimensional surface are on the same plane. This optical substrate is suitable for a variety of different applications, including brightness enhancement. This patent proposes a more precise and complex method to obtain the surface structure of an optical substrate. It is not clear from this patent how the optical substrate is actually implemented. Furthermore, it is suspected that the disclosed structure has a degree of brightness enhancement that is comparable to that of the ruthenium film.

What is needed is a cost effective optical substrate that provides a surface structure with brightness enhancement and reduced moiré effects in a single layer substrate.

The present invention is directed to an optical substrate having a structured surface that enhances illumination or brightness and reduces the moire effect on a single layer substrate. In one form of the invention, the optical substrate may be in the form of a film, a sheet, a plate, and the like, and may be movable or fixed, having a three-dimensional space. The varying, structured light output surface contains an irregular set of _irregular(R) structures and a set of non-structured smooth, flat light input faces.

In one embodiment of the present invention, in the entire optical substrate structure, the light output surface and the light input surface are generally parallel to each other (ie, do not constitute a whole tapered, concave or convex shape). Substrate structure).

In another embodiment of the invention, the irregular 稜鏡 structure of the light output face can be considered to include longitudinal irregular ridge blocks that are laterally (and laterally) disposed to define peaks and valleys (valley) ). A facet of the longitudinal irregular meandering block is formed between each adjacent peak and valley. The longitudinally varying 稜鏡 structure has one or more of the following structural characteristics. At least a plurality of irregularly shaped blocks have a form that is large and tapered from one end to a small end, or a form from a wider width to a narrower width, or a form from a high peak height to a low peak height. . Adjacent spikes, adjacent valleys, and/or adjacent peaks and valleys are non-parallel in at least a range of lateral chirp blocks. Adjacent spikes, adjacent valleys, and/or adjacent peaks and valleys may alternately, orderly, semi-orderedly, randomly, or quasi-randomly. Change between parallel and non-parallel. Similarly, non-parallel peaks, valleys, and/or spikes and valleys may alternately converge to divergence, in an orderly, semi-ordered, random, or quasi-random manner, relative to a particular longitudinal direction. All the peaks are not on the same plane, and all the valleys may or may not be on the same plane. In the longitudinal direction, the cross sections of the peaks and valleys are not fixed. Between adjacent peaks, adjacent valleys, and/or adjacent peaks and valleys, spanning different blocks, orderly, semi-orderedly, randomly, or pseudo-randomly ( Laterally) change.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the irregular 稜鏡 structure may be viewed on the light output surface as a side or lateral column containing non-scale , blocks, wherein the column of each irregular 稜鏡 block may be considered to contain a plurality The irregular blocks are connected in a continuous manner to the ends. In a specific example, the smaller end of one 稜鏡 block is connected to the smaller end of the other 稜鏡 block along the same column, and the larger end is connected to the other 稜鏡 area along the same column. The larger end of the block. Lateral adjacent peaks, adjacent valleys, and/or adjacent peaks and valleys are not parallel. Many of the structures of the peaks and valleys spanning the meandering block have further structural characteristics, which are similar to the previous specific examples. Adjacent irregular crotch blocks may be unordered longitudinal sections of the same length, or random or quasi-random irregular sections of different lengths.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the peaks or valleys of adjacent columns of the block are parallel, and one column of the irregular block intersects the other column of the irregular block.

In another embodiment of the invention, one or more of the cylinders may be substantially flat or curved (convex and/or concave).

The present invention discloses a light directing film. The light directing film has a structured first major surface, a second major surface opposite the structured first major surface, and a reference plane between the structured first major surface and the second major surface, Wherein the reference plane is substantially perpendicular to a thickness direction of the light directing film, wherein the structured first major surface comprises a first tantalum element and a second tantalum element extending substantially in a first direction, wherein a first ridge line of the first 稜鏡 element has a first height relative to the reference plane and a second ridge line of the second 稜鏡 element has a second height relative to the reference plane, wherein the first The first height of the first ridgeline of the haptic element varies along the first direction. Preferably, the maximum value of the first height is greater than the maximum value of the second height.

When a second optical sheet (eg, a light directing film) is placed such that the second optical sheet approaches the structured first major surface of the light directing film 100 (first optical sheet), the ridgeline of the higher height tantalum element ( Ridge, peak or apex) (an element having a maximum of the first height of the first ridge of the first 稜鏡 element) has a limiting effect on the second optical sheet approaching the structured first major surface of the light directing film In order to reduce the possibility of wet-out. The difference in height between the higher-height element and the lower-height element makes the suppression of unwanted optical coupling phenomena in the lower-height element area. Thus, the use of a structured first major surface as a control approximation greatly reduces the surface area on the structured first major surface that is susceptible to unwanted optical coupling phenomena. In the present invention, the point having the maximum value of the first height 111B may be located not only on the different first 稜鏡 element but also on the same first 稜鏡 element, so that the structured first main light guiding film The surface has a minimum surface area to contact or be sufficiently close to the second optical sheet. Thus, structuring the first major surface enhances brightness, reduces moiré effects, and avoids adsorption.

This description is by way of the best mode of carrying out the invention. The invention has been described herein with reference to various specific embodiments and drawings. The description is intended to clarify the general principles of the invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting. Techniques that are varied, enhanced, and accomplished in the manner in which the invention is described are appreciated without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is preferably determined by reference to the appended claims.

The present invention is directed to an optical substrate having a structured surface to enhance brightness and reduce the moire effect. In one aspect of the invention, the optical substrate is in the form of a film, a sheet, a plate, and the like, and may be movable or fixed. The light output surface having a three-dimensional variation has a type of Regular 稜鏡 structure, and an unstructured, smooth, flat light input surface. By way of illustration and not limitation, the invention is directed to an optical substrate for use in an LCD having an generally rectangular display area for directing an image of an LC panel.

Figure 1 illustrates an example of a flat panel display. A backlight LCD, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, includes a liquid crystal (LC) display module 12, a planar light source in the form of a backlight module 14, and a plurality of interposed LC modules 12 and a backlight module 14 Optical film. The LC module 12 includes liquid crystal sandwiched between two transparent substrates, and a control line defining a two-dimensional array of pixels. The backlight module 14 provides a planar light distribution, which may be a light source extending on a plane, or an edge light source type as shown in FIG. 1, providing a linear light source 16 at the edge of the light guide plate 18. The reflective sheet 20 is provided to guide light into the light guide plate 18 from the linear light source 16 via the edge of the light guide plate 18. The light guide plate is structural (for example, having a structure defined to face away from the bottom surface of the LC module 12 and having a tapered plate and a light reflecting and/or scattering surface), facing the LC module 12 The top plane is to distribute and guide light. The optical film may include upper and lower diffusing films 22 and 24 for diffusing light from the smooth surface of the light guide plate 18. The optical film further includes surfaces of the upper and lower structures, and optical substrates 26 and 28 in accordance with the present invention for redistributing light such that the distribution of light along the direction of the surface of the vertical film is more. The optical substrates 26 and 28 are often cited in techniques such as illumination or brightness enhancement films, light redirecting films, and guided diffusion films. Light rays are combined from such an optical film into the LC module 12, which is spatially evenly distributed on the flat surface of the LC module 12, and has a relative intensity of vertical light. Optical substrates in accordance with the present invention can be used and deployed with LCDs for display, such as televisions, notebook computers, screens, portable devices such as cell phones, PDAs, and related products to make displays brighter.

In one embodiment of the present invention, in the entire optical substrate structure, generally, the light output surface and the light input surface are parallel to each other (ie, generally do not form a thinner like a light guide plate of the backlight module). Shape, or the entire substrate structure like a concave shape or a convex shape). Referring to Figure 2, the optical substrate 30 has a flat smooth light input face 32 and has a light output face 34 having an irregular meandering structure which can be considered to be arranged to be arranged in a lateral direction (i.e., side by side). The vertical irregular block.

For ease of reference, the following orthogonal x, y, z-axis systems will be employed herein to account for various different directions. As shown in Fig. 2, the x-axis is the direction crossing the peaks and valleys, and can also be referred to as the lateral direction. Referring to the longitudinal direction of the meandering block, reference is made to the peak 36 in the top view of the meandering block 35. The y-axis is orthogonal to the x-axis and generally refers to the longitudinal direction of the haptic block 35. The meandering block 35 is an unordered geometry that, when viewed in plan, may not need to be in the longitudinal direction or along a peak (eg, Figure 3). The light input face 32 is located on the x-y plane. For a rectangular optical substrate, the x and y axes will follow the orthogonal edges of the substrate. The z-axis is orthogonal to the x and y axes. The edge of the endpoint representing the horizontal column of the block is located on the x-z plane, as shown in FIG. Referring to the cross section of the crucible block 35, the cross section along the x-z plane of each position on the y-axis is indicated. Further, the horizontal direction referred to refers to the x-y plane, and the reference vertical direction refers to the z direction.

Figure 4 illustrates a single longitudinal, irregular ridge block 35. The crucible block 35 can be considered as a basic block of an optical substrate in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, as will be apparent below, the 稜鏡 block is connected to the 稜鏡 block that is adjacent in the longitudinal and/or lateral direction. Since the 稜鏡 block is not actually a combination of individual separated blocks, the material of the 稜鏡 block is a continuous and tightly connected structure with no actual contact or joint surface. However, for ease of illustration of the invention, the surface of the structure of the optical substrate may be considered to consist of a plurality of germanium blocks. However, from the surface of the structure, the appearance of the cylindrical structure of the crucible block is obvious. The end or valley of the block is defined by a transition between the longitudinally connected blocks (as shown in the schematic transition line). It is further understood below that the inter-cylinder transformations in the 稜鏡 block (eg on peaks) and the cylinders between different 稜鏡 blocks may be radiused or rounded (rounded), but such transformations are still determined by changes in cylinder orientation.

Referring to the end (face) 40 of Fig. 4, the cross section of the crucible block 35 is generally triangular in Fig. 4, and the substrate below the triangle 29a (i.e., the base of the triangle extends downward) has a thin Layer or rectangular base 31a. Note that the pedestal 31a and the triangle 29a are both part of an integral or part of a monolithic structure. The crotch block 35 includes a large end 39 and a small end 40, and a ramp 36 is linearly sloped from the large end 39 to the small end 40. In the specific examples of Figures 2 and 3, the cylinders at the ends 39 and 40 of the crucible block are parallel, and the peaks 36 are offset at an angle relative to the end faces (viewed from above in a planar view). (Other embodiments discussed below, the end faces of the meandering blocks may be parallel, the peaks 36 being perpendicular to at least one of the end faces or offset from the at least one end face by an angle, or the cylinders may be non-parallel. For example, in FIG. The geometry of the irregular meandering end face, as well as the peak relative to the end.) At each side of the peak 36 is the facet 38 of the meandering block. The apex angle of the peak 36 is maintained constant by the different x-z cross-sections along the entire meandering block 35 (e.g., between 70 and 110 degrees, preferably 90 degrees). This point will be more apparent when, for example, the peak apex angle in the optical substrate 30 of FIG. 2 is discussed. It should be noted that the reference apex angle herein refers to the angle of the peak 36 which is viewed along the y-direction in the x-z plane, as defined above. Figure 4 shows that the pedestal 31a is of uniform thickness and may also be of non-uniform thickness, as the height of the valley 37 (in the z-direction) may vary along the longitudinal direction and with respect to the lateral direction of the valley 37, as explained further below. . Thereafter, the height of the raised peaks and valleys is measured relative to the light input plane 32 and along the z direction. It is noted that due to manufacturing constraints, the apex angle of the peak 36 and the base angle of the valley 37 (referred to herein as the apex angle) may be rounded rather than sharp from the cross-section of the x-z plane.

Specifically, a plurality of longitudinal blocks 35 are arranged in a horizontal column as shown in FIG. The apex angle of the peak 36 is changeable when viewed from a section perpendicular to the xy plane and the longitudinal direction of the ,, but by the xz section, along the different y positions of the 稜鏡 block (for example, looking at the figure) The parallel sections AA, BB, CC, DD) in 3 are still constant. The peak angle of the peak 36 depends on the process, and is determined directly or indirectly by the angle at which the tool 36 is used to make the peak 36 mold. The mold is used to form a peak. For example, the tool may be used to convert to various free angles, including the x, y, and z directions, supported by the machine, thus resulting in a three-dimensional change in the surface irregularities of the optical substrate 30 structure, along the y-direction. Maintain a fixed peak apex angle on the xz plane at different locations. More complex support devices can be used to provide more degrees of freedom in the x, y, and z directions of movement and x, y, and z axis rotations, resulting in a more complex three dimensional variation of the 稜鏡 block.

The cylinders 38 of adjacent crucible blocks 35 are staggered to define a valley 37. Looking at the horizontally adjacent rows, the apex angle of the valley 37 may or may not change. Each of the 稜鏡 blocks within these 稜鏡 blocks may be asymmetric to the xy, xz and/or yz planes, or may be symmetrical to certain planes (eg, in Figure 3, 稜鏡 blocks 35c and 35h are symmetrical) The individual vertical yz planes passing through the peaks 36c and 36h.) When viewed across the planar area of the entire optical substrate 30, the combination of the blocks 35 may be asymmetrical or may be Symmetrical (for example, in the optical substrate 30 of Fig. 3, the left half section and the right half section are symmetrical with respect to each other via the yz plane of the valley 37e between the meandering blocks 35e and 35f). Note that the geometry of the different haptic blocks 35 in the optical substrate 30 (e.g., the overall size, the angle of the sized end relative to the peak 36, the height of the peaks and valleys, etc.) may be different.

As shown in Fig. 2, the light output face 34 of the irregular 稜鏡 structure includes longitudinal irregular ridge blocks 35a to 35j arranged in a lateral column (i.e., side by side), and defines peaks 36a to 36j and valleys. 37a to 37i. The top view of Fig. 3 more clearly illustrates the optical substrate 30, and the longitudinally varying meandering blocks have the following structural characteristics, plus those already emphasized above. At least one of the plurality of turns of the block has a large end 39 (having a larger width and a peak height) that tapers to a small end 40 (having a smaller width and peak height). For example, the blocks 35a, 35b, 35d, 35e, 35f, 35g, 35i, and 35j. Referring to Figure 2, in the optical substrate 30, at least some of the peaks 36 are not at the same x-y level. At least some of the valleys 37a to 37i in the optical substrate 30 are on the same xy level (i.e., for some valleys, the height of the valleys, or between the valleys 37a to 37i and the light input surface 32) The thickness of the pedestal material is constant. Another indication is that at least some of the valleys 37a to 37i are not at the same x-y level. Still further, the height of the valley 37 (i.e., the thickness between the valley and the light input face 32) may vary along the valley 37. Further, the opposite edge of the optical substrate 30 along the x-axis direction, the irregular 稜鏡 block is laterally at least within a range, and the large end 39 and the small end 40 are random, quasi-random, ordered, and semi-existent. The form of the sequence is mixed (ie, alternating between a large width to a narrow width, or from a larger peak height to a smaller peak height). The transformation (i.e., valley 37) of adjacent lateral blocks in the lateral direction is continuous (i.e., there is no drop) even if the transformation is between flat cylinders 38. Alternatively, the transition between adjacent lateral blocks may be smooth or rounded by providing a radius (not shown) at the transition or junction between adjacent blocks. . The radius of such rounded corners may be formed by manufacturing constraints, but the surface block of this structure has a good flat cylindrical surface, perhaps in addition to the transition between adjacent tantalum blocks and/or spikes. Outside.

The spacing between adjacent peaks 36, adjacent valleys 37, and/or adjacent peaks 36 and valleys 37 is altered in a regular, semi-regular, random, or quasi-random manner. It should be noted that an array, pattern, or arrangement of a random group of random irregular blocks may be repeated over a range of areas or lengths and distributed over the light output surface of the structure of the entire optical substrate 30, resulting in The overall optical substrate is generally regular, semi-regular, or quasi-randomly patterned or arranged, as illustrated in Figure 10, and discussed below. Adjacent spikes, adjacent valleys, and/or adjacent peaks and valleys are not parallel in at least a range of laterally meandering blocks. Adjacent peaks 36, adjacent valleys 37, and/or adjacent peaks 36 and valleys 37 may alternate in a regular, semi-regular random, or quasi-random manner, between parallel and non-parallel. Similarly, adjacent but non-parallel peaks 36, adjacent valleys 37, and/or adjacent peaks 36 and valleys 37 may be alternately introduced in a regular, semi-regular, random, or quasi-random manner. Converging to the divergence (refer to the same general longitudinal direction of the block). The large end 39, and/or the small end 40, may be of the same size and shape, but may be different, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The cross-section of the optical substrate 30 taken at the peak 36 and the valley 37 is not constant in the y-direction and/or in the x-z plane at a particular position in the general longitudinal direction of a particular peak and valley. In the specific example illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the meandering blocks 35c and 35h have uniform widths, ends, and peaks and valleys along the longitudinal direction. Even though these particular individual blocks have an ordered geometry, referring to other blocks, they still contribute to the surface irregularities of the structure as a whole.

In other embodiments of the invention, the irregular 稜鏡 structure at the light output face may be considered to comprise an irregular 稜鏡 structure of side-by-side or lateral arrangement, wherein each irregular 稜鏡The longitudinal columns of the structure can be considered to contain a plurality of interlaced irregular blocks or to connect the ends end in a continuous manner. In the specific example illustrated in FIG. 5, in the optical substrate 31, along the same column, at the light output surface 43, the smaller end of the meandering block is connected to another smaller block. On the end, the larger end of one of the blocks is connected to the larger end of the other block. Figure 6 illustrates two longitudinal weir blocks 35m and 35n, each of which is similar to the weir block 35 of Figure 4, with the small ends of the ends being connected to the end faces. When viewed from above the substrate of the structure of the film 31, the two ends of the one or more longitudinal meandering blocks may be parallel, having a peak perpendicular to the end or lateral direction offset from the end by an angle, or the end may It is non-parallel. (Note that the end of the block may or may not be located on the xz plane, refer to the optical substrate 31 of FIG. 5.) FIG. 15 shows a top view of various irregular examples, particularly the ends 39 and 40 for the peak 36 and The relative relationship of the longitudinally tapered sides of the respective jaws. Specifically, in the block 35 of Fig. 15A, the ends 39 and 40 are parallel to each other, and the peak 36 is perpendicular to the two ends; in the block 35 of Fig. 15B, the ends 39 and 40 It is not parallel, and the peak 36 is only perpendicular to the end 39; in the crotch block 35 of Fig. 15C, the ends 39 and 40 are non-parallel, and the peak 36 is not perpendicular to either end; in the crotch region of Fig. 15D In block 35, ends 39 and 40 are parallel to one another and peaks 36 are not perpendicular to either end.

Longitudinal blocks may be interleaved or end-to-end connected at their large ends, as shown in Figure 5 (for example: 35p and 35q). By providing a radius (not shown) at the transition or joint between adjacent blocks, the transition 27 between the longitudinally adjacent blocks may be smooth or rounded. The irregular chirp blocks 35 on a particular column may have different or similar sizes and geometries (eg, different lengths, tapered angles, end sizes, etc.). For example, instead of alternating between irregular columns of generally similar length as shown in FIG. 5, irregular blocks of different geometric shapes and sizes may be connected in a regular manner. a semi-regular, random or quasi-randomly mixed sequence to form the light output face 45 of the structure of Figures 7 and 8 (the film 41 shown in Figures 7 and 8 will be discussed below, in a further embodiment, It may also contain ordered blocks.) For example, one end of the first irregular block 35r may be connected to one end of the second different length irregular block 35s. A plurality of irregular block arrays are arranged side by side or laterally to form an optical substrate 41.

The transformation between vertically adjacent blocks in a column and the transformation between different columns (ie, valley 37) are continuous, and there is no drop between adjacent blocks, even if this transformation It is also between flat cylinders (in the same column and between columns and columns). The transformation of the linear peaks of the longitudinally adjacent 稜鏡 blocks on the same column is also continuous without any drop. This transformation can be made smooth or rounded by the curvature at the transition, but the surface of the monolithic block is still a flat cylinder. In other words, the transformation is rounded to some extent. The curvature of such rounded corners may be caused by the use of special tools and the movement of such tools on the substrate to form manufacturing constraints on the surface of the structure. In general, the length of the curvature section (in terms of the plane at which the bend is located) is very small when compared to the characteristic dimensions (length and/or width) of the smooth cylinder of the meandering block. (For example, to account for the degree of fillet correlation, the curvature is on the order of 15% less than the feature size of the smooth cylinder section, preferably less than 10%, more preferably less than 5%).

Figure 9A shows another specific example of a crossing or connection on a stack of blocks. The block column includes a vertical irregular block 35 (similar to FIG. 4), and a rule block 33 of different sizes (for example, irregular blocks 35t and 35u, and a rule block) 33a and 33b), depending on the size of the connection end of the irregular block 35. Fig. 9A shows an example in which two irregular blocks 35 and a rule block 33 are arranged in one column. More blocks 33 and 35 may also be provided on this column. Irregular block 35 and regular block 33 have different sizes and/or geometries, or similar sizes and/or geometries, on a particular column (eg, irregular block 35) And the different lengths of the rule block 33, the angle at which the irregular block 35 is tapered, the size of the irregular block 35 and the end of the rule block 33, and the like. Moreover, in a column, in addition to the alternating between the irregular block 35 and the rule block 33, the rule block 33 and the irregular block 35 may be mixed in any or random manner. Connected to the same column. For example, one end of the first irregular block 35 may be connected to one end of the second irregular block 35, and the other end of the first irregular block 35 may be Is connected to the rule block 33. When viewed from above, the end faces of one or more of the turns of Figure 9A may be parallel, with the peaks 36 of the turns being perpendicular to the end or opposite end laterally offset by an angle, or the ends being non-parallel. The transform 27 is continuous and may be smooth or rounded with curvature as shown in the earlier specific example.

Figure 9B shows another embodiment of Figure 9A in which the irregular blocks 35w and 35x are interleaved or adjacent between the regular blocks 33c and 33d in an end-to-end manner, as viewed from above. The peaks of the block are skewed at an angle to each other (for example: 0 to 45 degrees). In this specific example, each end or both of the irregular blocks 35w and 35x are non-parallel, and/or each of the regular blocks 33c and 33d or both ends It is not parallel, or the other form is, if the ends are parallel, the 稜鏡 block spike is not perpendicular to its corresponding end. As in the previous specific example, the transform 27 is continuous and may be smooth with a curvature.

The plurality of columns of irregularities and regular blocks may be arranged side by side or laterally to form a light output face of the structure of the optical substrate. The film 41 shown in Figures 7 and 8 may contain a mixture of irregular and regular blocks (i.e., a basic block combination, in Figures 6, 9A and/or 9B).

The peak and valley structures that traverse the entire ankle block in the particular example of FIG. 7 may have similar structural characteristics as previously described with respect to the specific example of FIG. For example, in the range of a laterally or longitudinally adjacent 稜鏡 block, the top view of the 稜鏡 block is not parallel to the top view of the valley (ie, in the lateral direction). However, contrary to the specific example of FIG. 2, in the specific example of FIG. 7, the valleys in most of the films are not on the same horizontal plane, because one column of the crucible blocks is staggered in the other column of the crucible block cylinder. The staggered lines (i.e., valleys) of the cylinders are at different heights from the light input face 32, and some depend on the width of the block.

Figure 10 illustrates a specific example of the light output face 46 of the structure of an optical substrate 49 in which the characteristics of the random structure plane array are more clearly illustrated, traversing the entire film plane, repeating after some length or area, thus forming a rule A ground, semi-ordered, or quasi-random irregular 稜鏡 block structure traverses the surface of the structure of the entire optical substrate 49. The characteristic size of the repeating array is regularly in the order of every 2 columns to 50 columns, preferably every 2 columns to 35 columns, more preferably every 2 columns to 20 columns or even more preferably every 2 columns to 10 columns. appear.

In a still further embodiment of the present invention, in the lateral direction of the plane of the optical substrate 47 (i.e., in plan view), the peaks of adjacent columns of the meandering blocks are parallel, as shown in the legends of Figs. The light output surface 48 of the structure of the optical substrate 47 can be regarded as the block structure included in FIGS. 6 and 9, but contrary to the specific example of the previous FIG. 7, the column is arranged in a horizontal column at least over a certain range. The block peaks 36 are arranged in a straight line, and adjacent peaks 36 between adjacent columns are parallel to the plane of the film 47. The faces of the ends of each of the meandering blocks are parallel, and the peaks of the meandering blocks are perpendicular to the ends. Similar to the specific example of FIG. 7, most of the valleys in the specific example of FIG. 11 are not located on the same horizontal plane in the film 47, because one column of the crucible blocks is staggered in the other column of the crucible block, so that The height of the interlaced lines (i.e., valleys) from the light input surface 32 is different, and the portion is determined by the width within the block.

It is to be noted that in the specific examples of FIGS. 7 and 8 and FIGS. 11 and 12, one turn block 35 is interleaved with the other block in the longitudinal and lateral directions. Further, referring to the left side of the optical substrate 47 of Fig. 12, the meandering block 53 is staggered with the adjacent meandering blocks such that it terminates in the longitudinal direction. In this particular example, the crests of the crotch block 53 terminate, and the valleys on either side of the crotch block 53 finally meet to reach a single valley in the longitudinal direction. With further reference to Figure 11, adjacent blocks are on some adjacent cylinders and may be staggered in a non-transformed manner. For example, referring to Figures 11 and 12, at the left corner position of the optical substrate 47, the cylindrical surface 61 of one of the meandering blocks can be continuously connected to the adjacent cylindrical block without any change.

In another embodiment of the invention, one or more of the cylinder faces 50 and/or one or more of the crotch block peaks 55 may be substantially curved (convex or concave) as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 Surface 54 of the structure. The peak 55 may follow a undulating line, while the cylinder 50 may or may not have a undulating surface, including a concave or convex surface. In the x-z plane section along the y-direction, the apex angle 55 of the undulating crotch block may or may not have a fixed angle. It should be noted that either side of the peak 55 does not have a curved surface, and the other side that may be curved may be flat. The different peaks 55 follow different curves, may contain only one curved cylinder, or along a particular peak, there are many different curved cylinders distributed randomly, regularly, or semi-regularly. Figures 13 and 14 clearly illustrate that across the surface 54 of the structure, adjacent helium blocks may have different curves or undulating peaks and/or cylinders with different curvatures and randomly, It is intended to be distributed randomly, regularly, or semi-regularly.

These additional specific examples share further features and features of the surface of the structure similar to the specific examples previously described.

In accordance with the present invention, for example, when applied to an LCD, the optical substrate includes an unordered, 稜鏡, structured light output surface having a pattern that enhances brightness and reduces moiré. Various specific examples of the light output face of the structure have been independently described above, however, the mutual combination of different specific examples and a single optical substrate is still known without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.

An example of the relative size of the optical substrate according to the present invention illustrates that the peak height at different x-y positions can vary as small as 1 to 10 um (micrometers) to as large as 100 to 200 um. The height difference of the opposite peaks (between a specific peak or a lateral peak) may vary from 1 to 100 um, and the relative height difference between the valleys may also vary from 2 to 200 um. The length of the block may vary by an order of magnitude of 100um to 500mm. The foregoing dimensions are intended to illustrate the fact that the characteristics of the surface of the structure are microstructured, which is the range of um. By way of example, the overall size of the optical substrate area can vary from 2 mm to 10 m in width and length (even larger size variations) depending on the particular application (eg, a flat panel display of a cell phone, or an oversized TV screen flat panel display). The size of the germanium block on the surface of the optical substrate structure does not need to vary significantly with the overall optical substrate size. The optical substrate discussed above may be supported by a pedestal 51 such as that shown in FIG. The optical substrate is formed of an optically transparent substance. The pedestal 51 may be constructed of the same transparent material as the optical substrate 30, for example, providing additional structure to support a relatively thin optical substrate 30. The optical substrate can be made relatively flexible to form a roll, placed and attached to a separate base 51. Alternatively, the pedestal 51 may be a structure that is tightly joined together and is part of the optical substrate 30 as a whole. The pedestal thickness can be from 25 to 300 um. The thickness of the pedestal may be thicker or thinner than this thickness, depending on the particular application. In general, larger sized optical substrates may require thicker pedestals for better support, while for smaller applications, smaller sized optical substrates may require thinner pedestals.

The surface of the optical substrate structure of the present invention may be produced in accordance with a number of process techniques, including micromachined use of a rigid tool to form a mold or the like for making the aforementioned irregular flaw appearance. Hard tools may be very small-sized tools and are installed on CNC (computer numerical control) machines (eg lathes, milling machines and ruling/shaping machines). These machines, along with some variable devices, are used to assist the tool in achieving small shifts to move and create varying degrees of unordered defects. Instruments known as STS (Slow Tool Servo), FTS (Fast Tool Servo) and some ultrasonic vibrations are examples of such devices. In the case of U.S. Patent No. 6,581,286, an application of the published FTS is used to form grooves on an optical film by means of grain cutting. The tool is mounted on the machine to produce a fixed peak apex angle in the x-z plane along the y-direction within a bore. With the increase in the degree of freedom associated with the use of this tool to form the surface of the mold, it is possible to obtain an irregularly-shaped block of three-dimensional changes in the surface of the optical substrate structure described above.

The master can be used directly to make a model of an optical substrate or to electroform a replica of a master that is used to shape an optical substrate. The mold can be in the form of a ribbon, a drum, a plate, or a cavity. The mold is formed by means of hot embossing of the substrate, and/or via additional UV curing, or heat setting material to form a crucible structure on the substrate. This model can be used to form an optical substrate by injection molding. The substrate or coated material may be an organic, inorganic, or mixed optically transparent material, and may also contain suspension diffusion, birefringent or refractive index modified particles.

The LCD in combination with the optical substrate of the present invention can be disposed on an electronic device. As shown in FIG. 16, the electronic portion 110 (which may be one of a PDA, a mobile phone, a television, a display screen, a portable computer, a refrigerator, etc.) includes an LCD 10 (Fig. 1) related to one of the specific examples of the present invention. . The LCD 10 includes the optical substrate of the invention described above. The electronic device 110 in a suitable housing may further include a user input interface such as a button and a button (shown schematically in block 116), a video data control circuit, such as a controller (shown schematically at block 113). Used to manage the flow of image data to the LCD panel 10, particularly in the electronic portion of the electronic device 110, possibly including processors, analog and digital converters, memory devices, data storage devices, etc. (shown generally by block 118) And a power source such as a power supply, battery or jack to supply an external power source (represented schematically by block 114), parts of which are well known in the art.

Please refer back to Figure 2. Figure 2 discloses that at least one of the plurality of irregularly shaped blocks each has a large end 39 (having a larger width and a peak height) tapering to a small end 40 (having a smaller width and peak height) For example, the blocks 35a, 35b, 35d, 35e, 35f, 35g, 35i, and 35j. Each of the crotch blocks 35c, 35h has the same cross-sectional shape along its length direction, and a ridge (or spike) 36c of each of the crotch blocks 35c, 35h, 36h has a fixed height along its length. In addition, FIG. 2 also discloses that in the optical substrate 30, at least some of the peaks 36 are not at the same x-y level. For example, the ridge line of the meandering block 35b has a varying height along its length direction and the ridge line of the meandering block 35c has a fixed height along its length such that the ridge line and the meandering area of the meandering block 35b The ridges of block 35c are not on the same xy level.

17A to 17D, 18A to 18D, 19A to 19D, and 20 illustrate a three-dimensional schematic view of the light guiding film 100 of the present invention. For convenience of explanation, only the first 稜鏡 element 111 having the first ridgeline 111A and the second 稜鏡 element 112 having the second ridgeline 112A are presented in FIGS. 17A, 17B, 18A, 18B, 19A, 19B and Figure 20, wherein the first ridgeline 111A has a larger height 111B and the second ridgeline 112A has a smaller height 112B. 17A, 17B, 18A, 18B, 19A, 19B, and 20 disclose that the light directing film 100 has a structured first major surface 101 and a second major relative to the structured first major surface 101. Surface 102 and a reference plane 103 (e.g., an arbitrarily selectable imaginary plane) between the structured first major surface 101 and the second major surface 102. The reference plane 103 can also be selected from one of the second major surface 102 and the interface between the ruthenium layer and the substrate supporting the ruthenium layer. The reference plane 103 is substantially perpendicular to the thickness direction of the light guiding film 100 (for example, the Z axis). The structured first major surface 101 includes a first tantalum element 111 and a second tantalum element 112 extending substantially in a first direction. The first direction may be the length direction of the 稜鏡 element (eg, the Y axis), preferably perpendicular to the width direction of the 稜鏡 element (eg, the X axis or the cross-sectional direction). The tantalum element can have a linear length, a meandering length, or a wave length. The facets of a single 稜鏡 element intersect to form the ridge (ridge, peak or apex) of the 稜鏡 element. The opposite facets of adjacent tantalum elements intersect to form a valley or valley of the tantalum elements. The first ridgeline 111A of the first haptic element 111 has a first height 111B relative to the reference plane 103 and the second ridgeline 112A of the second haptic element 112 has a second height 112B relative to the reference plane 103. Preferably, the first dihedral angle defined by the first ridgeline 111A of the first 稜鏡 element 111 is substantially equal to the second dihedral angle defined by the second ridgeline 112A of the second 稜鏡 element 112. However, the first dihedral angle may not be equal to the second dihedral angle. The first height 111B of the first ridgeline 111A of the first 稜鏡 element 111 varies along the first direction. Optionally, the second height 112B of the second ridgeline 112A of the second haptic element 112 varies along the first direction (see Figures 17B, 18B, and 19B). Preferably, the maximum value of the first height 111B is greater than the maximum value of the second height 112B (see FIGS. 17A, 17B, 18A, 18B, 19A, 19B, and 20). Optionally, the average of the first heights 111B is greater than the average of the second heights 112B. If the second height 112B has a fixed height along the first direction, the second height 112B at any point on the second ridgeline 112A of the second 稜鏡 element 112 is the maximum of the second height 112B or the second height 112B average value.

When a second optical sheet (eg, a light directing film) is placed such that the second optical sheet approaches the structured first major surface 101 of the light directing film 100 (first optical sheet), the ridgeline of the higher height tantalum element (ridge, peak or apex) (a 稜鏡 element having a maximum value of the first height 111B of the first ridge line 111A of the first 稜鏡 element 111) for the second optical sheet approaching the structured first main of the light guiding film 100 Surface 101 creates a limiting effect whereby the likelihood of wet-out is reduced. The difference in height between the higher-height element and the lower-height element makes the suppression of unwanted optical coupling phenomena in the lower-height element area. Thus, the use of the structured first major surface 101 as a control approximation greatly reduces the surface area on the structured first major surface 101 that is susceptible to unwanted optical coupling phenomena. In the present invention, the point having the maximum value of the first height 111B may be located not only on the different first tantalum elements 111 but also on the same first tantalum element 111 to structure the light directing film 100. The first major surface 101 has a minimum surface area to contact or be sufficiently close to the second optical sheet. Thus, structuring the first major surface 101 can increase brightness, reduce moiré effects, and avoid adsorption.

The configuration of the first weir element 111 and the second weir element 112 can have many situations. In one embodiment, the structured first major surface 101 can include two first tantalum elements 111 and at least one second tantalum element 112 between the two first tantalum elements 111 (see Figure 17C, Figure). 17D, FIG. 18C, FIG. 18D, FIG. 19C, and FIG. 19D). In another embodiment, the structured first major surface 101 can include a first group of first germanium elements 111, a second group of first germanium elements 111, and a first one of the first group At least one second 稜鏡 element 112 (not shown) between the element 111 and the second 稜鏡 element 111 of the second group. Alternatively, the second germanium elements 112 in FIGS. 17A to 17D, 18A to 18D, and 19A to 19D may be arbitrarily exchanged (see FIG. 20).

In the present invention, FIGS. 17A to 17I (Group I), FIGS. 18A to 18I (Group II), and FIGS. 19A to 19I (Group III) are classified into three groups for convenience of explanation.

Group I:

In group I (Figs. 17A to 17D), there are many examples showing that the maximum value of the first height 111B is greater than the maximum value of the second height 112B. It can also be seen in Figures 2, 5, 7, 8 and 10 to 14. Alternatively, these examples also show that the average of the first height 111B is greater than the average of the second height 112B. For convenience of explanation, the first ridge line 111A of the first 稜鏡 element 111, the second ridge line 112A of the second 稜鏡 element 112, and the reference plane 103 are projected on the YZ plane (see FIGS. 17E to 17H).

The second height 112B of the second ridgeline 112A of the second haptic element 112 has a substantially fixed height along the first direction, wherein the maximum of the first height 111B is greater than the second height 112B (see Figures 17A, 17E and 17F). There are a plurality of points on the first weir element 111 having a maximum of the first height 111B for contacting or sufficiently close to the second optical sheet, so that structuring the first major surface 101 can increase brightness, reduce moiré effects, and avoid Adsorption. As can also be seen from Fig. 2, the ridgeline of the meandering block 35b has a varying height along its length and the ridgeline of the meandering block 35b has a maximum height at the large end, and the ridgeline of the meandering block 35c along its length The direction has a fixed height such that the maximum height of the ridgeline height of the haptic block 35b is greater than the fixed ridgeline height of the haptic block 35c. In one embodiment, the minimum of the first height 111B may be greater than the second height 112B (see Figures 17A and 17E). In this case, the difference between the average of the first height 111B and the second height 112B is large, thereby reducing the possibility of adsorption. In another embodiment, the minimum of the first height 111B may be less than the second height 112B (see Figures 17A and 17F). In this case, the difference between the average of the first height 111B and the second height 112B is small, thereby fully supporting the second optical sheet and reducing the moiré effect.

The second height 112B of the second ridge line 112A of the second 稜鏡 element 112 varies along the first direction, wherein the maximum value of the first height 111B is greater than the maximum value of the second height 112B (see FIGS. 17B, 17G, and 17H) . There are a plurality of points on the first weir element 111 having a maximum of the first height 11B for contacting or sufficiently close to the second optical sheet, so that structuring the first major surface 101 improves brightness, reduces moiré effects, and avoids Adsorption. In one embodiment, the minimum of the first height 111B may be greater than the maximum of the second height 112B (see Figures 17B and 17G). In this case, the difference between the average of the first height 111B and the average of the second height 112B is large, thereby reducing the possibility of adsorption. In another embodiment, the minimum of the first height 111B may be less than the maximum of the second height 112B (see Figures 17B and 17H). In this case, the difference between the average of the first height 111B and the average of the second height 112B is small, thereby fully supporting the second optical sheet and reducing the moiré effect.

The first portion 121 of the first weir element 111 has a minimum value of the first height 111B, and the second portion 131 of the first weir element 111 has a maximum value of the first height 111B, wherein the first portion 121 has a first bottom width 121X, and the second portion 131 has a second bottom width 131X, wherein the second bottom width 131X is greater than the first bottom width 121X (see FIG. 17I). The first portion 121 of the first weir element 111 has a minimum value of the first height 111B, and the second portion 131 of the first weir element 111 has a maximum value of the first height 111B, wherein the first portion 121 has a first cross-sectional shape And the second portion 131 has a second cross-sectional shape, wherein each side 131X, 131Y, 131Z of the second cross-sectional shape is enlarged from a corresponding side 121X, 121Y, 121Z of the first cross-sectional shape by a ratio greater than 1 (see Figure 17I).

Group II:

In Group II (Figs. 18A to 18D), there are many examples showing that the maximum value of the first height 111B is greater than the maximum value of the second height 112B. Alternatively, these examples also show that the average of the first height 111B is greater than the average of the second height 112B. In detail, the first ridgeline 111A of the first haptic element 111 includes: a first portion 141, wherein the first height 111B of the first portion 141 has a fixed value; and a second portion 151 adjacent to the first portion 141, wherein the The first height 111B of the second portion 151 has a non-fixed value, wherein the maximum value of the non-fixed value of the first height 111B of the second portion 151 is greater than the fixed value of the first height 111B of the first portion 141; The maximum value of the non-fixed value of the first height 111B of the two portions 151 is greater than the maximum value of the second height 112B. For convenience of explanation, the first ridge line 111A of the first 稜鏡 element 111, the second ridge line 112A of the second 稜鏡 element 112, and the reference plane 103 are projected on the YZ plane (see FIGS. 18E to 18H).

The second height 112B of the second ridgeline 112A of the second haptic element 112 has a substantially fixed height along the first direction, wherein the maximum value of the non-fixed value of the first height 111B of the second portion 151 is greater than the second height 112B (See Figures 18A, 18E, and 18F). There are a plurality of points on the first weir element 111 having a maximum value of the non-fixed value of the first height 111B of the second portion 151 for contacting or sufficiently close to the second optical sheet, so that the first main surface 101 can be structured Improve brightness, reduce moiré and avoid adsorption. In one embodiment, the first height 111B of the first portion 141 may have a fixed value greater than the second height 112B (see Figures 18A and 18E). In this case, the difference between the average of the first height 111B and the second height 112B is large, thereby reducing the possibility of adsorption. In another embodiment, the fixed value of the first height 111B of the first portion 141 may be less than the second height 112B (see Figures 18A and 18F). In this case, the difference between the average of the first height 111B and the second height 112B is small, thereby fully supporting the second optical sheet and reducing the moiré effect.

The second height 112B of the second ridgeline 112A of the second haptic element 112 varies along a first direction, wherein the maximum value of the non-fixed value of the first height 111B of the second portion 151 is greater than the maximum value of the second height 112B (see 18B, 18G and 18H). There are a plurality of points on the first weir element 111 having a maximum value of the non-fixed value of the first height 111B of the second portion 151 for contacting or sufficiently close to the second optical sheet, so that the first main surface 101 can be structured Improve brightness, reduce moiré and avoid adsorption. In one embodiment, the fixed value of the first height 111B of the first portion 141 may be greater than the maximum value of the second height 112B (see Figures 18B and 18G). In this case, the difference between the average of the first height 111B and the average of the second height 112B is large, thereby reducing the possibility of adsorption. In another embodiment, the fixed value of the first height 111B of the first portion 141 may be less than the maximum value of the second height 112B (see Figures 18B and 18H). In this case, the difference between the average of the first height 111B and the average of the second height 112B is small, thereby fully supporting the second optical sheet and reducing the moiré effect.

The first component of the first weir element 111 has a first portion 141 and the second component of the first weir element 111 has a maximum value of a non-fixed value of the first height 111B of the second portion 151, wherein the first component has The first bottom width 141X, and the second member has a second bottom width 151X, wherein the second bottom width 151X is greater than the first bottom width 141X (see FIG. 18I). The first component of the first weir element 111 has a first portion 141 and the second component of the first weir element 111 has a maximum value of a non-fixed value of the first height 111B of the second portion 151, wherein the first component has a first cross-sectional shape, and the second member has a second cross-sectional shape, wherein each side 151X, 151Y, 151Z of the second cross-sectional shape is greater than 1 from a corresponding side 141X, 141Y, 141Z of the first cross-sectional shape Zoom in (see Figure 18I).

Group III:

In group III (Figs. 19A to 19D), there are many examples showing that the maximum value of the first height 111B is greater than the maximum value of the second height 112B. Alternatively, these examples also show that the average of the first height 111B is greater than the average of the second height 112B. In detail, the first ridgeline 111A of the first 稜鏡 element 111 includes: a first portion 161, wherein the first height 111B of the first portion 161 has a first fixed value; and a second portion 171, wherein the second portion 171 The first height 111B has a second fixed value, wherein the second fixed value is greater than the first fixed value; wherein the second fixed value is greater than a maximum value of the second height 112B. Preferably, the third portion 175 is located between the first portion 161 and the second portion 171 as a transition portion. For convenience of explanation, the first ridge line 111A of the first 稜鏡 element 111, the second ridge line 112A of the second 稜鏡 element 112, and the reference plane 103 are projected on the YZ plane (see FIGS. 19E to 19H).

The second height 112B of the second ridgeline 112A of the second haptic element 112 has a substantially fixed height along the first direction, wherein the second fixed value of the first height 111B of the second portion 171 is greater than the second height 112B (see 19A, 19E, and 19F). There are a plurality of second portions 171 on the first weir element 111 for contacting or sufficiently close to the second optical sheet, so that structuring the first major surface 101 can increase brightness, reduce moiré effects, and avoid adsorption. In one embodiment, the first fixed value of the first height 111B of the first portion 161 is greater than the second height 112B (see Figures 19A and 19E). In this case, the difference between the average of the first height 111B and the second height 112B is large, thereby reducing the possibility of adsorption. In another embodiment, the first fixed value of the first height 111B of the first portion 161 is less than the second height 112B (see Figures 19A and 19F). In this case, the difference between the average of the first height 111B and the second height 112B is small, thereby fully supporting the second optical sheet and reducing the moiré effect.

The second height 112B of the second ridge line 112A of the second 稜鏡 element 112 varies along the first direction, wherein the second fixed value of the first height 111B of the second portion 171 is greater than the maximum value of the second height 112B (see FIG. 19B). Figure 19G and Figure 19H). There are a plurality of second side portions 171 on the first tantalum element 111 for contacting or sufficiently close to the second optical sheet, so that structuring the first major surface 101 can increase brightness, reduce moiré effects, and avoid adsorption. In one embodiment, the first fixed value of the first height 111B of the first portion 161 is greater than the maximum value of the second height 112B (see Figures 19B and 19G). In this case, the difference between the average of the first height 111B and the average of the second height 112B is large, thereby reducing the possibility of adsorption. In another embodiment, the first fixed value of the first height 111B of the first portion 161 is less than the maximum value of the second height 112B (see Figures 19B and 19H). In this case, the difference between the average of the first height 111B and the average of the second height 112B is small, thereby fully supporting the second optical sheet and reducing the moiré effect.

The first component of the first weir element 111 has a first portion 161 and the second component of the first weir element 111 has a second portion 171, wherein the first component has a first bottom width 161X and the second component has The second bottom width 171X, wherein the second bottom width 171X is greater than the first bottom width 161X (see FIG. 19I). The first component of the first weir element 111 has a first portion 161 and the second component of the first weir element 111 has a second portion 171, wherein the first component has a first cross-sectional shape and the second component has a A two-sectional shape in which each side 171X, 171Y, 171Z of the second cross-sectional shape is enlarged from a corresponding side 161X, 161Y, 161Z of the first cross-sectional shape by a ratio greater than one (see FIG. 19I).

The specific examples of the invention described herein are for the purpose of illustrating the invention, and are not intended to be construed as limiting the scope of the The invention as described in the scope of the attached patent application can be completed.

10‧‧‧ Backlit LCD
12‧‧‧LCD module
14‧‧‧Backlight module
16‧‧‧Linear light source
18‧‧‧Light guide
20‧‧‧reflector
22‧‧‧Upper light diffusing film
24‧‧‧Underlying light diffusing film
26‧‧‧Optical substrate
27‧‧‧Transformation
28‧‧‧Optical substrate
29a‧‧‧Triangular end face
30‧‧‧Optical substrate
31‧‧‧Light input surface
31a‧‧‧Rectangular base
32‧‧‧Flat light input surface
33a‧‧‧Rules
33b‧‧‧ Rules section
33c‧‧‧Rules
33d‧‧‧Rules
34‧‧‧Light output surface
35, 35a, 35b, 35c, 35d, 35e, 35f‧‧‧ irregular blocks
35g, 35h, 35i, 35j, 35m, 35n, 35p‧‧‧ irregular blocks
35q, 35r, 35s, 35t, 35w, 35x‧‧‧ irregular blocks
36, 36a, 36b, 36c, 36d, 36e, 36f, 36g, 36h, 36i, 36j‧‧
37, 37a, 37b, 37c, 37d, 37e, 37f, 37g, 37h, 37i‧‧‧ Valley
38‧‧‧flat cylinder
39‧‧‧ big endian
40‧‧‧Little End
41‧‧‧Optical substrate film
43‧‧‧Light output surface
45, 46, 47, 48‧‧‧ structured light output surface
49‧‧‧Optical substrate film
50‧‧‧Cylinder
51‧‧‧Base
53‧‧‧稜鏡 Block
54‧‧‧Light output surface of the structure
55‧‧‧ spike
61,63‧‧‧ cylindrical
100‧‧‧Light Guide Film
101‧‧‧ Structured first major surface
102‧‧‧Second major surface
103‧‧‧ reference plane
110‧‧‧Electronic devices
111‧‧‧First component
111A‧‧‧First ridge
111B‧‧‧ Height
112‧‧‧second component
112A‧‧‧Second ridgeline
112B‧‧‧ Height
113‧‧‧ Controller
114‧‧‧Power supply
116‧‧‧User input interface
118‧‧‧Processor, analog/digital converter, memory device, data storage device
121‧‧‧Part 1
121X‧‧‧First bottom width (side)
121Y‧‧‧ side
121Z‧‧‧ side
131‧‧‧Part II
131X‧‧‧second bottom width (side)
131Y‧‧‧ side
131Z‧‧‧ side
141‧‧‧Part 1
141X‧‧‧First bottom width (side)
141Y‧‧‧ side
141Z‧‧‧ side
151‧‧‧Part II
151X‧‧‧second bottom width (side)
151Y‧‧‧ side
151Z‧‧‧ side
161‧‧‧Part 1
161X‧‧‧First bottom width (side)
161Y‧‧‧ side
161Z‧‧‧ side
171‧‧‧Part II
171X‧‧‧second bottom width (side)
171Y‧‧‧ side
171Z‧‧‧ side
175‧‧‧Part III

In order to fully understand the features and advantages of the present invention, as well as the preferred modes of use, reference is made to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings. In the following figures, for example, the specified reference symbols or the like are throughout the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of an LCD structure having an optical substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a perspective view of a light output face of the structure of an optical substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a plan view of the light output surface of the structure of Figure 2; 4 is a perspective view of an irregular crucible block that can be considered as a basic block of the light output face of an optical substrate structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of a light output face of an optical substrate structure in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is a schematic perspective view of a plurality of irregular blocks aligned in a column in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 is a schematic perspective view of a light output face of a structure of an optical substrate in accordance with a still further embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 is a plan view of the light output surface of the structure of Figure 7. Figure 9A is a schematic perspective view of a plurality of aligned blocks in a column, including a mixture of irregularities and regular blocks, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9B is a schematic perspective view of a block of the block of Figure 9A in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the block is offset from an angle in plan view. Figure 10 is a perspective view of a light output face of the structure of an optical substrate in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 is a perspective view of a light output face of a structure of an optical substrate in accordance with a still further embodiment of the present invention. Figure 12 is a plan view of the light output surface of the structure of Figure 11; Figure 13 is a perspective view of a light output face of an optical substrate structure in accordance with a still further embodiment of the present invention. Figure 14 is a plan view of the light output surface of the structure of Figure 13; Figure 15 is a schematic illustration of a top view of various end surface structures relative to the peaks of the meandering block. Figure 16 is a schematic view showing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising an LCD panel incorporating the optical substrate of the present invention. 17A to 17D, 18A to 18D, 19A to 19D and Fig. 20 illustrate a three-dimensional schematic view of the light guiding film of the present invention. 17E to 17H, 18E to 18H, 19E to 19H, and 20 illustrate the first ridge line of the first 稜鏡 element, the second ridge line of the second 稜鏡 element, and the reference plane projected on the YZ plane. 17I, 18I, and 19I are three-dimensional views showing the first ridgeline of the light guiding film of the present invention.

100‧‧‧Light Guide Film

101‧‧‧ Structured first major surface

102‧‧‧Second major surface

103‧‧‧ reference plane

111‧‧‧First component

111A‧‧‧First ridge

111B‧‧‧ Height

112‧‧‧second component

112A‧‧‧Second ridgeline

112B‧‧‧ Height

Claims (10)

a light directing film having a structured first major surface, a second major surface relative to the structured first major surface, and a reference plane between the structured first major surface and the second major surface Wherein the reference plane is substantially perpendicular to a thickness direction of the light directing film, wherein the structured first major surface comprises a first tantalum element and a second tantalum element extending substantially in a first direction, Wherein a first ridge line of the first 稜鏡 element has a first height relative to the reference plane and a second ridge line of the second 稜鏡 element has a second height relative to the reference plane, wherein the first The first height of the first ridgeline of a unit of the element varies along the first direction. The light guiding film of claim 1, wherein the maximum value of the first height is greater than the maximum value of the second height. The light guiding film of claim 1, wherein the second height of the second ridge line of the second 稜鏡 element has a substantially fixed height along the first direction, wherein the first height is a maximum Greater than the second height. The light guiding film of claim 1, wherein the second height of the second ridge line of the second 稜鏡 element varies along the first direction, wherein a maximum value of the first height is greater than the second height The maximum value. The light guiding film of claim 4, wherein the minimum value of the first height is greater than the maximum value of the second height. The light guiding film of claim 4, wherein the minimum value of the first height is less than the maximum value of the second height. The light guiding film of claim 2, wherein a first portion of the first weir element has a minimum value of the first height, and a second portion of the first weir element has the first height a maximum value, wherein the first portion has a first bottom width and the second portion has a second bottom width, wherein the second bottom width is greater than the first bottom width. The light guiding film of claim 2, wherein a first portion of the first weir element has a minimum value of the first height, and a second portion of the first weir element has the first height a maximum value, wherein the first portion has a first cross-sectional shape, and the second portion has a second cross-sectional shape, wherein each side of the second cross-sectional shape is greater than 1 from a corresponding side of the first cross-sectional shape amplification. The light guiding film of claim 1, wherein the first ridge line of the first cymbal element comprises: a first portion, wherein the first height of the first portion has a fixed value; and a second portion Adjacent to the first portion, wherein the first height of the second portion has a non-fixed value, wherein the maximum value of the non-fixed value of the first height of the second portion is greater than the first height of the first portion a fixed value; wherein a maximum value of the non-fixed value of the first height of the second portion is greater than a maximum value of the second height. The light guiding film of claim 1, wherein the first ridge line of the first cymbal element comprises: a first portion, wherein the first height of the first portion has a first fixed value; and a second a portion, wherein the first height of the second portion has a second fixed value, wherein the second fixed value is greater than the first fixed value; wherein the second fixed value is greater than a maximum value of the second height.