TW201640814A - System and method applied to monitoring direct-current power of a photovoltaic generation module - Google Patents

Abstract

A monitoring system and method is applied to monitoring a direct-current (DC) power of each of the photovoltaic generation modules in a solar power system. The monitoring system includes an electric power capture unit such as an electromagnetic sensing element, a current diverter or a resistance, which is assembled at outside of each of the photovoltaic generation modules for capturing a direct-current power to generate an analog voltage signal. The analog voltage signal is converted into a direct-current digital signal by an analog to digital conversion apparatus. Then the direct-current digital signal is transmitted to a firmware through a wired or wireless communication module. The firmware determines whether the DC power of each of the photovoltaic generation modules meets a standard value or not according to the received direct-current digital signal, and converts the direct-current digital signal into a text information for displaying on a display unit.

Description

Monitoring system and method for direct current power of solar power generation module

The present invention relates to a monitoring system and method for a power module, and more particularly to a system and method for monitoring DC power of a solar power module.

1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional monitoring device for a solar power generation system. The conventional solar power generation system 100 includes a power generation module series 110, a direct current junction box 120, and an inverter 130. The power generation module series 110 is composed of a plurality of solar power generation modules 111, 112...11n (hereinafter simply referred to as "power generation modules") connected in series, and the direct current generated by the power generation module series 110 passes through the DC junction box 120. The DC input terminal 131 (also referred to as the primary or primary end) is transmitted to the converter 130; the DC input converter 130 is converted to AC power, and then the AC output 132 of the converter 130 (also referred to as the secondary terminal or The secondary terminal) is output to a power unit (not shown). The conventional monitoring device 200 includes a monitor 210 and a communication module 220 built into the converter 130, and a monitoring host 230. In the prior art, the monitor 210 measures the power generation information of the alternating current output by the converter 130, and transmits the power generation information to the monitoring host 230 by using the communication module 220. The monitoring host 230 of FIG. 1 is connected to the communication module 220 or the Internet using the hub 240.

However, since each of the power generating modules 111, 112...11n is connected in series with each other, the direct current generated by each of the power generating modules 111, 112...11n has its voltage attenuated before the input converter 130, and the power consumption of the current changing process is also consumed. . The conventional monitoring device 200 can only monitor the power generated by the AC power converted by the converter 130, and cannot truly reflect the DC power generated by each of the single power generating modules 111, 112...11n or the entire power generating module string 110. Changes, and the conversion power consumption information during the converter process cannot be obtained, so the reliability and precision of the monitoring results have doubts.

In addition, if one of the power generation modules 111, 112, 112, 11n is abnormally open or open, only the output 132 of the converter 130 is supervised, and the abnormal position cannot be immediately known for repair.

Therefore, if instant and reliable power generation information can be obtained and the abnormal position of the solar power generation module is immediately known, the power generation quality can be effectively maintained, and the power generation efficiency and power consumption safety are greatly contributed.

An object of the present invention is to provide a monitoring system that can actually reflect the change of DC power generated by each single power generation module, and can also obtain conversion power consumption information in the process of changing current, and immediately know the abnormal power generation module. position.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a monitoring system for monitoring the DC power of a plurality of power modules electrically connected to each other in a solar power generation system. Each power generation module outputs DC power to a converter, and the converter has a constant current input terminal and an AC power output terminal. Each power module has a DC output terminal electrically connected to the DC input of the converter. The monitoring system of the present invention includes a complex power generation power extraction unit, an analog digital conversion device, a communication module, a firmware, and a display unit.

Each power generation power extraction unit is electrically connected to one of the plurality of power generation modules to extract a DC power of a DC output terminal of the corresponding power generation module to generate a analog voltage signal. The analog digital conversion device converts the analog voltage signal generated by each of the power generation power extraction units into a constant current digital signal. The communication module is electrically connected to the analog digital conversion device, and processes the DC digital signal to conform to a communication protocol. The communication protocol is not limited to a wired communication protocol or a wireless communication protocol. The firmware receives the DC digital signal transmitted by the communication module and converts it into a text message. In addition, the firmware includes an abnormality determining mechanism, and determines whether the DC power of the corresponding power generation module meets a standard value according to each DC digital signal. The display unit is used to display the text information transmitted by the firmware.

In one embodiment, each of the power generating power extraction units described above is, for example, an electromagnetic sensor, a shunt, a resistor, a Hall element, or a combination of these elements.

In an embodiment, the monitoring system further includes a DC power transmission line, electrically connecting the DC output end of the power generation module, the power generation power extraction unit, the analog digital conversion device, the communication module, and the firmware, and the DC digital signal is Transfer from the analog digital conversion device to the firmware.

In an embodiment, the monitoring system further includes a serial monitor, a second communication module, and an AC power transmission line. The serial monitor and the second communication module are both disposed inside the converter, wherein the serial monitor is electrically connected to the AC output of the converter to capture an AC power and convert the AC power into an AC digital signal. . The second communication module electrically connects the serial monitor and the firmware through the AC power transmission line, and transmits the AC digital signal to the firmware. Therefore, the abnormality judgment mechanism of the firmware further includes: finding an abnormal power generation module from the solar power generation system according to the AC power of the AC output of the converter and the DC power of each power generation module.

The invention provides a method for monitoring direct current power of a solar power generation module, comprising: drawing a constant current power from a direct current output end of each power generation module to generate a analog voltage signal; converting an analog voltage signal of each direct current power Providing a communication module, providing a communication module for processing the DC digital signal to conform to a communication protocol; providing a firmware, and determining a corresponding power generation module according to each DC digital signal transmitted by the communication module Whether the DC power meets a standard value; and converts each DC digital signal into a text message and displays the text information in a display unit.

In an embodiment, the monitoring method further includes: monitoring an AC output end of the converter from the inside of the converter to capture an AC power; converting the AC power into an AC digital signal; and processing the AC digital signal Make it conform to a communication protocol; and use an AC power transmission line to transmit AC digital signals to the firmware. The firmware finds an abnormal power generation module from the solar power generation system according to the AC power of the AC output of the converter and the DC power of each power module.

The monitoring system supervises the power generation state of the direct current from the power supply head, so that the power generation abnormality can be known in advance without changing the circuit structure of the original solar power generation module, and the secondary of the current transformer or the solar power generation system can be analyzed. The cause of abnormal power generation at the AC output on the side. Because the monitoring system monitors each power generation module separately, it is possible to further find a power generation module with abnormal power generation. The monitoring system can use electromagnetic induction, such as non-intrusive methods such as Hall effect, and directly use the power transmission line of the original transmission of direct current of the solar power generation system to transmit power generation information or fault information, which can reduce costs and avoid adding other electromagnetics. Source of interference.

The above and other technical contents, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The directional terms mentioned in the following embodiments, such as upper, lower, left, right, front or rear, etc., are only used to refer to the directions of the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms are used for illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.

2A shows a conventional solar power system 100 and a monitoring system 300 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The basic form of the solar power generation system 100 is composed of a power generation module series 110, a DC junction box 120, and a current transformer 130. The power generation module series 110 is composed of a plurality of solar power generation modules 111, 112, 11n (hereinafter simply referred to as "power generation modules") electrically connected to each other, and is used to convert solar energy into direct current. Although the power module serial array 110 of the present embodiment is a plurality of power generation modules 111, 112...11n in series, the concept of the present invention is also applicable to a plurality of power generation modules in parallel form. The DC junction box 120 is disposed between the power module serial array 110 and the current transformer 130, and includes a surge absorber 121, a fuse 122 (Fuse), and a fuseless switch 123 (No-Fuse Breaker, NFB). And other components. The DC current output from the power module serial 110 is input to the converter 130 via the DC junction box 120. The converter 130 has a constant current input terminal 131 and an alternating current output terminal 132. Each of the power generating modules 111, 112, ... 11n has a DC output terminal 111a, 112a ... 11na and a ground terminal 111b, 112b ... 11nb. In this embodiment, each power generating module 111, 112...11n is electrically connected to the DC input terminal 131 of the converter 130. In other words, the power generation module series 110 is entirely located at the primary end or the primary end of the current transformer 130. If viewed as a whole by the solar power generation system 100, the power generation modules 111, 112...11n may be referred to as the primary side or the primary side of the solar power generation system 100. The converter 130 may be referred to as the secondary side or the secondary side of the solar power generation system 100. The monitoring system 300 of the present invention is primarily used to monitor the DC power of the power generation modules 111, 112...11n located on the primary side of the solar power generation system 100.

The monitoring system 300 shown in FIG. 2A includes a plurality of power generation power extraction units 311, 312 . . . 31n, an analog-to-digital conversion device 320, a communication module 330, a DC power transmission line 340, a firmware 350, and a display unit 360. Each of the power generation power extraction units 311, 312, . . . 31n can use an electromagnetic sensor, a shunt, a resistor, a Hall element, or a combination of these elements, and is electrically connected to one of the plurality of power generation modules 111, 112, . For example, an electromagnetic sensor is installed outside the power generating modules 111, 112...11n to sense the DC power of one of the DC output terminals 111a, 112a...11na of the corresponding power generating modules 111, 112...11n, and to sample A type of voltage signal Sa1, Sa2...San is generated.

Next, the analog-to-digital conversion device 320 converts each of the analog voltage signals Sa1, Sa2, ..., containing the DC power data into the DC digital signals Sd1, Sd2...Sdn. The communication module 330 is electrically connected to the analog digital conversion device 320 for processing the DC digital signals Sd1, Sd2...Sdn to conform to a wired or wireless communication protocol. In other words, the DC digital signals Sd1, Sd2...Sdn can be used by one Wired or wireless communication module is transmitted.

In a preferred embodiment, if the communication module 330 is a wired communication module, it can be electrically connected to the analog digital transmission unit 340 and the DC output terminal 111a of the complex power generation modules 111, 112...11n through the DC power transmission line 340. 112a...11na, and the DC digital signals Sd1, Sd2...Sdn are transmitted from the digital conversion device 320 to the firmware 350, while DC power is supplied as the power source for the firmware 350 and the display unit 360. The firmware 350 receives each of the DC digital signals Sd1, Sd2...Sdn transmitted from the DC power transmission line 340 and converts the code into a text message. In addition, the firmware 350 also includes an abnormality determining mechanism for determining whether the DC power of the corresponding power generating modules 111, 112...11n meets a standard value according to each of the DC digital signals Sd1, Sd2, . The display unit 360 is configured to display text information transmitted by the firmware 350.

FIG. 2B shows a monitoring system 300a of another embodiment. Compared with the embodiment of FIG. 2A, the monitoring system 300a further includes a serial monitor 210a, a second communication module 220a, and an AC power transmission line 380. The serial monitor 210a and the second communication module 220a are both disposed inside the converter 130. The serial monitor 210a is electrically connected to the AC output 132 of the converter 130 to capture an analog signal of the AC power and convert the analog signal into an AC digital signal Sad. The second communication module 220a is electrically connected to the serial monitor 210a and the firmware 350a via the AC power transmission line 380. The second communication module 220a conforms the AC digital signal Sad to a wired or wireless communication protocol, and transmits the AC digital signal Sad to the firmware 350a via the AC power transmission line 380. In this embodiment, the abnormality determining mechanism of the firmware 350a of the monitoring system 300a simultaneously receives the AC power and the DC power, and is found from the solar power system 100 according to the AC power and the DC power of each of the power generating modules 111, 112...11n. An abnormal power generation module. In addition, the monitoring host 370a can selectively use the direct current from the direct current power transmission line 340 or the alternating current of the alternating current power transmission line 380 as its power source. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the firmware 350, 350a and the display units 360, 360a can be disposed in a remote monitoring host 370, 370a.

The monitoring system 300, 300a of the present invention is to draw the DC power generated by each of the power generating modules 111, 112...11n before the DC power generated by each of the power generating modules 111, 112...11n in the solar power generating system 100 has not been input to the converter 130. . In addition, the monitoring system 300, 300a of the present invention transmits the DC power and other power generation status data of each power generation module 111, 112...11n by the solar power generation system 100 itself for transmitting the DC power transmission line 340 to provide on-site or remote. The supervisor knows the power generation information of each power generation module 111, 112...11n.

As shown in FIG. 3, the present invention includes the following monitoring methods: (Step S10) The power generation power extraction units 311, 312, ..., 31n can apply electromagnetic fields around the DC output terminals 111a, 112a, ... 11na of each of the power generation modules 111, 112, ... 11n to sense The potential difference, or the shunting method, extracts the signal related to the DC power, and samples a type of voltage signal Sa1, Sa2...San; (Step S20) sets the analog digital conversion device 320 to each of the power generation modules 111, 112...11n. The DC power transmission line 340 is configured to convert the analog voltage signals Sa1, Sa2...San into the DC digital signals Sd1, Sd2...Sdn; (Step S30) the communication module 330 is disposed on the DC power transmission line 340 for transmission. The DC digital signal Sd1, Sd2...Sdn; (Step S40) The DC digital signal Sd1, Sd2...Sdn transmitted by the communication module 330 is performed by a software program, a firmware, an embedded system component or a digital signal processor. After the encoding process, a display screen is formed, and it is determined whether the state of each of the power generating modules 111, 112...11n at the primary end meets a design standard to perform a power generation task, and if the design standard is exceeded, For maintenance.

It should be emphasized that the monitoring system of the present embodiment can cooperate with the electromagnetic sensing method instead of the intrusive component to capture the analog voltage signal Sa1 generated by each of the power generating modules 111, 112...11n located on the primary side of the solar power generating system 100. , Sa2...San, can avoid destroying the power generation modules 111, 112...11n that have obtained a certification standard, so it is easy to promote and use. The analog voltage signals Sa1, Sa2, ... San are converted into DC digital signals Sd1, Sd2 ... Sdn, and then encoded by the communication module 330 on the power transmission line 340, that is, can be displayed on the screen in text form. In an embodiment, the firmware or the embedded system component provides an abnormality determining mechanism, and according to each of the DC digital signals Sd1, Sd2...Sdn, whether the DC power of the corresponding power generating modules 111, 112...11n meets a standard value, It is suitable for on-site or remote monitoring whether each power generation module 111, 112...11n meets the standard value and performs a power generation task.

As shown in FIG. 3, in another embodiment, the monitoring method further includes: (Step S11) monitoring the AC output terminal 132 of the converter 130 from the inside of the converter 130 to capture an AC power data. Forming an alternating digit signal Sad; (step S21) the alternating digit signal Sad is processed by the second communication module 220a to conform to a communication protocol; and (step S31) using the alternating current power transmission line 380 to transmit the alternating digit signal Sad to the tough Body 350a. The firmware 350a finds an abnormal power generation module from the solar power generation system 110 according to the AC power of the AC output terminal 132 of the converter 130 and the DC power of each of the power generation modules 111, 112, 11n.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the DC power transmission line 340 directly supplies "DC power" to the backend monitoring host 370 without the converter 130, except for communication. In this way, problems such as attenuation distortion caused by the converter 130 being converted into an alternating current and then monitored can be avoided without causing misjudgment.

The monitoring system 300, 300a can use an electromagnetic induction method, such as a non-intrusive method such as a Hall effect, to supervise the power generation state of the direct current from the power supply head, so that the circuit configuration of the original solar power generation system 100 can be changed without changing the circuit configuration of the original solar power generation system 100. The power generation abnormality is known in advance, and the cause of abnormal power generation of the AC terminal outputted from the converter 130 or the secondary side of the solar power generation system 100 can be analyzed. Since the monitoring system 300, 300a monitors each of the power generating modules 111, 112, ... 11n separately, it is possible to further find a power generating module with abnormal power generation, and one of the series of power generating modules 111, 112...11n is abnormally open or open. , can be immediately known to troubleshoot. The monitoring system 300, 300a can directly use the power transmission line of the solar power generation system 100 to transmit DC power to transmit power generation information or fault information, which can reduce the cost and avoid adding other electromagnetic interference sources.

It is worth mentioning that since the power generation modules 111, 112...11n are low voltage and low power, their electromagnetic interference to the electromagnetic induction elements is very low. The embodiment of the invention directly extracts the DC power of each power module by using electromagnetic induction, and uses the DC power as the power source of the electromagnetic sensing component, so that the electromagnetic interference can meet the engineering standards such as IEC930-2005.

In summary, the monitoring system of the solar power module in this case is for the “single-chip” power generation module, and is not limited to the series or parallel solar power generation system. The power generation modules can be obtained from the primary side of the solar power generation system. DC power. The electromagnetic sensing component, the analog digital conversion device and the communication module are connected to the power generation module and the monitoring host without passing through the converter, and can coexist with the conventional built-in monitor of the converter. Different from the past, the secondary power generation monitoring of the converter is known to the overall power generation status of the solar power generation system. The monitoring method of the present invention can instantly and actually reflect the DC power generated by the power generation module of the power supply head, and immediately knows the power generation. Abnormal source conditions have a significant contribution to power generation efficiency and safety. In addition, the power generation power after the converter is not converted is monitored, and the reliability and precision of the present invention are higher than the conventional method of monitoring the AC power generated after the converter is switched.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the invention and the description of the invention are All remain within the scope of the invention patent. In addition, any of the objects or advantages or features of the present invention are not required to be achieved by any embodiment or application of the invention. In addition, the abstract sections and headings are only used to assist in the search of patent documents and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

100‧‧ ‧known solar power system
110‧‧‧Power Modules
111,112...11n‧‧‧Solar power module
120‧‧‧DC junction box
121‧‧‧ surge absorber
122‧‧‧Fuse
123‧‧‧Fuseless switch
130‧‧‧Converter
131‧‧‧DC input
132‧‧‧AC output
200‧‧‧known monitoring devices
210‧‧‧Scheduled serial monitors
210a‧‧‧Inline monitor
220‧‧‧Communication Module
220a‧‧‧Second communication module
230‧‧‧Monitoring host
240‧‧‧ hub
300,300a‧‧‧The monitoring system of the invention
311,312...31n‧‧‧Power generation unit
320‧‧‧ analog digital converter
330‧‧‧Communication Module
340‧‧‧DC power transmission line
350, 350a‧‧‧ firmware
360‧‧‧ display unit
111a, 112a...11na‧‧‧DC output of the power module
111b, 112b...11nb‧‧‧ ground terminal of power module
Sa1, Sa2...San‧‧‧ analog voltage signal
Sd1, Sd2...Sdn‧‧‧ DC digital signal
Sad‧‧‧ exchange digital signal
370,370a‧‧‧Monitoring host
380‧‧‧AC power transmission line

1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional monitoring device for a solar power generation system.

2A is a schematic diagram of a monitoring system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

2B is a schematic diagram of a monitoring system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

no

no

100‧‧‧Solar power system

110‧‧‧Power Modules

111,112...11n‧‧‧Power Module

120‧‧‧DC junction box

121‧‧‧ surge absorber

122‧‧‧Fuse

123‧‧‧Fuseless switch

130‧‧‧Converter

131‧‧‧DC input

132‧‧‧AC output

300‧‧‧ Monitoring system of the invention

311,312...31n‧‧‧Power generation unit

320‧‧‧ analog digital converter

330‧‧‧Communication Module

340‧‧‧DC power transmission line

350‧‧‧ Firmware

360‧‧‧ display unit

111a, 112a...11na‧‧‧DC output of solar panels

111b, 112b...11nb‧‧‧ grounding end of solar panel

Sa1, Sa2...San‧‧‧ analog voltage signal

Sd1, Sd2...Sdn‧‧‧ DC digital signal

370‧‧‧Monitoring host

Claims (10)

A DC power monitoring system for a solar power generation module is configured to monitor a plurality of power generation modules electrically connected to each other in a solar power generation system, wherein the plurality of power generation modules output direct current to a converter, the current transformer having a constant current input And a power output terminal, each of the power generation modules has a DC output terminal electrically connected to the DC input end of the converter, the monitoring system comprising: a plurality of power generation power extraction units, each of which generates The power extraction unit is electrically connected to one of the plurality of power generation modules to extract a DC power of the DC output of the corresponding power generation module to generate a analog voltage signal; and an analog-to-digital conversion device Converting the analog voltage signal generated by each of the power generating power extraction units into a constant current digital signal; a communication module electrically connected to the analog digital conversion device, and processing the DC digital signal to conform to a a communication protocol; a firmware that receives the DC digital signal transmitted by the communication module and converts the information into a text message The firmware includes an abnormality determining mechanism, determining whether the DC power of the corresponding power module meets a standard value according to each of the DC digital signals; and displaying a display unit to display the firmware The text information. A monitoring system for direct current power of a solar power generation module according to claim 1, wherein each of the power generation power extraction units is selected from the group consisting of an electromagnetic sensor, a shunt, a resistor, and a Hall element. A group of people formed by a combination. The monitoring system for direct current power of the solar power generation module according to claim 1, further comprising a DC power transmission line, electrically connecting the DC output end of the complex power generation module, the complex power generation power extraction unit, The analog digital conversion device, the communication module and the firmware, and the DC digital signal is transmitted from the analog digital conversion device to the firmware. The monitoring system for the direct current power of the solar power generation module according to claim 1, further comprising a serial monitor, a second communication module and an alternating current power transmission line, the serial monitor and the second The communication module is disposed inside the converter, wherein the serial monitor is electrically connected to the AC output of the converter to capture an AC power and convert the AC power into an AC digital signal; The second communication module is electrically connected to the serial monitor and the firmware through the AC power transmission line, and transmits the AC digital signal to the firmware. The monitoring system of the direct current power of the solar power generation module according to the fourth aspect of the invention, wherein the abnormality determining mechanism comprises: the alternating current power according to the alternating current output end of the current transformer and the DC power, an abnormal power generation module was found from the solar power generation system. The monitoring system of the direct current power of the solar power generation module according to claim 1, wherein the communication protocol of the communication module is selected from the group consisting of a wired communication protocol, a wireless communication protocol, and a combination thereof. in. A method for monitoring direct current power of a solar power generation module is used for monitoring a plurality of power generation modules electrically connected to each other in a solar power generation system, wherein the plurality of power generation modules output direct current to a converter, the current transformer having a constant current input And a power output terminal, each of the power generation modules has a DC output terminal electrically connected to the DC power input end of the converter, the monitoring method includes: the DC output from each of the power generation modules The terminal draws the constant current power to generate a type of voltage signal; converts the analog voltage signal of each of the DC power into a constant current digital signal; provides a communication module, and processes the DC digital signal to conform to the a communication protocol; providing a firmware, determining, according to the DC digital signal transmitted by the communication module, whether the DC power of the corresponding power module meets a standard value; and converting each of the DC digital signals into a text Information and display the text information in a display unit. The method for monitoring the DC power of the solar power module according to claim 7 further includes: the communication module processing the DC digital signal, and transmitting the DC digital signal to the DC power transmission line through the DC power transmission line The firmware. The method for monitoring the direct current power of the solar power module according to claim 7 further includes: monitoring the alternating current output of the converter from the inside of the converter to extract an alternating current power; The AC power is converted into an AC digital signal; the AC digital signal is processed to conform to a communication protocol; and the AC digital transmission line is used to transmit the AC digital signal to the firmware. The method for monitoring the DC power of the solar power module according to claim 7 further includes: the firmware is based on the AC power of the AC output of the converter and the DC power of each of the power modules Power, an abnormal power generation module was found from the solar power generation system.