TW201637278A - Hybrid branch-line coupler - Google Patents

Abstract

A hybrid branch-line coupler comprises a rectangularly-connected transmission line set and capacitors. The capacitors are respectively connected between a first transmission line and a first conductive block located below the first transmission line, and between a third transmission line and a second conductive block above the third transmission line. A top portion of a second transmission line close to one side of the capacitor is obliquely and continuously bent and extended with a first wave section. A bottom portion of the second transmission line at the same side is obliquely and continuously bent and extended with a second wave section. A top portion of a fourth transmission line close to one side of the capacitor is obliquely and continuously bent and extended with a third wave section. A bottom portion of the fourth transmission line at the same side is obliquely and continuously bent and extended with a fourth wave section, thereby achieving the effects good circuit characteristics and reducing circuit area.

Description

Hybrid branch coupler

The present invention relates to a hybrid branch coupler, and more particularly to a branch coupler technique that combines good circuit characteristics and can reduce the circuit area.

Wireless communication can overcome the limitations of space and shorten the distance between people, so it has become an indispensable technological product in life. In recent years, wireless communication systems such as dual-network (such as mobile communication, wireless local area network), 3G and 4G communication systems, WiFi networks, and global mobile communication systems (GSM) have flourished and reached a cross-over through network technology. The use of resources and services in the network has made communication products gradually move toward mini, low cost, easy production and high efficiency. Therefore, how to design a set of branches that can achieve multi-frequency transmission and circuit reduction to meet market demand Coupler technology has become an important issue for the industry and the related art.

In general, common couplers have branch couplers (such as reference [1]) and ring couplers (such as reference [2]), and branch couplers are most widely used in RF systems. The output 埠 phase is 90° out of phase. The transmission amount |S ₂₁ |, the coupling amount |S ₃₁ | is often designed for the half power point (-3dB), and |S ₁₁ |, |S ₄₁ | can be -15dB or less. Often used in power dividers, mixers, phase shifters, or array antenna designs. However, since the conventional branch coupler is realized by using a transmission line, when the operation is below 1 GHz, there is often a problem that the circuit area is too large, so the PI type equivalent (such as Reference [3]) and the T type equivalent are often used. (eg reference [4]), coupled line equivalent (eg reference [5]) or high and low impedance transmission line series technique (eg reference [6] [7]) for circuit reduction (eg reference [8] [ 9][10]).

According to the current knowledge, patents or papers of branch couplers that have good circuit characteristics and reduced circuit area efficiency have been proposed, and the creators of the present invention have been continuously researched and developed based on the urgent needs of the electronics industry. Under the circumstance, a set of inventions different from the technical concept of the above documents was finally developed.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid branch coupler, mainly through the structural design of a hybrid single-section and double-section branch coupler, with a traditional branch coupler as the main axis, and a PI-type and T-type circuit for the transmission line. Equivalent, with appropriate open circuit design and capacitance to achieve circuit reduction effect, confirmed by electromagnetic simulation software and circuit implementation, the present invention can indeed be designed with a hybrid single-section branch coupler at 2.45GHz, hybrid double-section branches The coupler is designed at 915MHz, which has good circuit characteristics and can reduce the circuit area by at least about 55%. The technical means for achieving the above-mentioned purpose is to include a transmission line group and a capacitor which are connected in a rectangular shape. The capacitors are respectively connected between the first transmission line and the first conductive block located below the first transmission line, and the third transmission line and the second conductive block located above the third transmission line. The second transmission line extends obliquely toward the top of one side of the capacitor and continuously bends to extend the first wavelength band. The bottom side of the second transmission line extends obliquely and continuously bends to extend the second wavelength band. The fourth transmission line extends obliquely toward the top of one side of the capacitor and continuously bends to extend the third wavelength band. The bottom of the fourth transmission line extends obliquely and has a fourth band extending continuously.

10‧‧‧Substrate

20‧‧‧ Transmission line group

21‧‧‧First transmission line

210‧‧‧First extension

211‧‧‧Second extension

22‧‧‧second transmission line

220‧‧‧first band

220a, 240a‧‧‧ first oblique extension

220b, 240b‧‧‧ first line segment

220c, 240c‧‧‧second line

220d, 240d‧‧‧ third line segment

220e, 240e‧‧‧ fourth line

220f, 240f‧‧‧ fifth line

221b, 241b‧‧‧ sixth line

221c, 241c‧‧‧ seventh line

221c, 241c‧‧‧ seventh line

221d, 241d‧‧‧ eighth line

221e, 241e‧‧‧ ninth line

221f, 241f‧‧‧10th line

221a, 241a‧‧‧second oblique section

221‧‧‧second band

23‧‧‧ third transmission line

230‧‧‧ third extension

231‧‧‧4th extension

24‧‧‧fourth transmission line

240‧‧‧ third band

241‧‧‧fourth band

25‧‧‧First conductive block

26‧‧‧Second conductive block

27‧‧‧ fifth transmission line

270‧‧‧3rd oblique extension

271‧‧‧4th inclined section

272‧‧‧ fifth band

273‧‧‧ sixth band

30‧‧‧First signal埠

31‧‧‧Second signal埠

32‧‧‧ Third Signal埠

33‧‧‧fourth signal埠

1 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a hybrid single-section branch coupler of the present invention.

2 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid equivalent of a PI type circuit and a T type circuit of the present invention.

3 is a schematic structural view of a hybrid single-section branch coupler circuit of the present invention.

4 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a physical circuit of the hybrid single-section branch coupler of the present invention. .

Figure 5a is a schematic illustration of the frequency response of a hybrid single-section branch coupler of the present invention.

Figure 5b is a schematic diagram showing the phase of the hybrid single-section branch coupler of the present invention.

6 is a schematic diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the hybrid double-section branch coupler of the present invention.

7 is a schematic structural view of a hybrid double-section branch coupler circuit of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a physical circuit of the hybrid double-section branch coupler of the present invention. .

Figure 9a is a schematic illustration of the frequency response of the hybrid two-section branch coupler of the present invention.

Figure 9b is a schematic diagram showing the phase of the hybrid double-section branch coupler of the present invention.

In order to allow the reviewing committee to further understand the technical features of the present invention and the technical means for achieving the object of the present invention, it will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments and drawings: please refer to FIGS. 2, 3, 6, and 7 The basic embodiment for achieving the main object of the present invention comprises a substrate 10, a transmission line group 20 formed by printing or etching on the substrate 10, and at least two capacitors C and the like. The transmission line group 20 includes four first transmission lines 21, a second transmission line 22, a third transmission line 23, a fourth transmission line 24, a first conductive block 25, and a first segment, which are vertically connected in a rectangular connection to respectively generate characteristic impedances. Two conductive blocks 26. The first transmission line 21 has a first extension 210 extending at one end and a second extension 211 extending at the other end. The third transmission line 23 has a third extension 230 extending at one end and a fourth extension 231 extending at the other end. The first conductive block 25 is located near the first transmission line 21. The second conductive block 26 is located near the third transmission line 23. At least two capacitors C _1, C ₂ are electrically connected to the conductive block 21 and the first 25 and the second conductive block 23 and the first transmission line 26 between the third transmission line. The second transmission line 22 extends obliquely toward the top of one side of the capacitor C ₁ and continuously bends to extend a first wavelength band 220. The bottom of the second transmission line 22 extends obliquely and has a second band 221 extending continuously. The fourth transmission line 24 is adjacent to one side of the capacitor C ₂ and obliquely extends continuously to form a third wavelength band 240 that is bilaterally symmetric with the first wavelength band 220. The bottom of the fourth transmission line 24 extends obliquely and continuously stretches to form a fourth wavelength band 241 which is bilaterally symmetric with the second wavelength band 221.

Specifically, the hybrid branch coupler design proposed by the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 , and the circuit structure is a main shaft coupling coupler, which is equivalent to a PI type circuit and a T type circuit respectively, and the transmission line equivalent relationship is divided. As described below: PI type equivalent circuit design: as shown in Figure 2 (a), the transmission line characteristic impedance Z, electrical length θ , characteristic admittance Y; PI type equivalent circuit shown in Figure 2 (b), by section of characteristic impedance Z _a, admittance Y _a, the equivalent electrical length of the transmission line of θ _a and two grounded capacitors CC _a composition, for the production of convenience, FIG. 2 (b) a grounded capacitance C is equivalent to the period The transmission line (open stub) with a characteristic impedance of Z _B and an electrical length of θ B is shown in Figure 2(c). Given the equivalent electrical length θ _A and the transmission line characteristic impedance Z and the electrical length θ , the equivalent impedance Z _A (1) and the capacitance CC _A (2) can be obtained by calculation:

Given the electrical length θ _B of the open stub, the impedance of the open stub is Z _B (3):

T-type equivalent circuit design: T-type equivalent circuit is shown in Figure 2(d). It consists of two-stage characteristic impedance Z _C , admittance Y _C , equivalent transmission line with electrical length θ _C and a grounding capacitor CC _B . Given the equivalent electrical length θ _C and the transmission line characteristic impedance Z and the electrical length θ , the T-type equivalent circuit impedance Z _C (4) and the capacitance CC _B (5) can be obtained by calculation:

Using the results of the PI and T-structure analysis obtained above, a hybrid single-section branch coupler with a center frequency of 2.45 GHz and a hybrid double-section branch coupler with a 915 MHz frequency are designed. In addition, the specific circuit structure of the present invention includes two implementation modes, such as a single-section branch coupler and a double-section branch coupler, and both use the PI type and the T-type equivalent technique to successfully reduce the circuit size. Through the adjustment of the capacitor C ₁ to make up the difference in the process, good characteristics are achieved; in order to reduce the impedance discontinuity caused by the uneven line width, the transmission line group 20 and each signal 埠 are designed with a 50 Ω impedance.

Referring to the embodiment of the single-section branch coupler shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the first extension 210 extends laterally outward from one end of the first transmission line 21. The second extension 211 extends laterally outward from the other end of the first transmission line 21. The third extension 230 extends laterally outward from one end of the third transmission line 23. The fourth extension 231 extends laterally outward from the other end of the third transmission line 23. The lengths L _{1 of the} first transmission line 21 and the third transmission line 23 are both 13.3 mm, and the width W ₂ is 3.11 mm. The lengths L _{2 of the} second transmission line 22 and the fourth transmission line 24 are both 11.4 mm, and the width W ₁ is both 2.42 mm. The lengths of the first band 220, the second band 221, the third band 240, and the fourth band 241 are both 9.4 mm and the width is 2.42 mm. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, a first signal 埠30 is connected to the end of the first extension 210, a second signal 埠31 is connected to the end of the second extension 211, and a third is connected to the end of the third extension 230. The signal 埠32 is connected to a fourth signal 埠33 at the end of the fourth extension 231.

Further, the first band 220 and the third band 240, respectively, each include a transmission line 22 from the second transmission line 24 and the fourth segment Xieshen a first side of _a top proximity capacitance C extending obliquely 220a, 240a, a a first line segment 220b, 240b extending longitudinally downward from an end of the first obliquely extending section 220a, 240a, a second line segment 220c, 240c laterally connecting the ends of the first line segment 220b, 240b, and a second line segment 220c, 240c a third line segment 220d, 240d extending longitudinally upwardly from the end, a fourth line segment 220e, 240e laterally connecting the ends of the third line segment 220d, 240d, and a fifth line segment 220f extending longitudinally downward from the end of the fourth line segment 220e, 240e, 240f. The second band 221 and the fourth band 241 each include a second obliquely extending section 221a, 241a extending from the bottom of the second transmission line 22 and the fourth transmission line 24, respectively, and a second obliquely extending section 221a, 241a. a sixth line segment 221b, 241b extending longitudinally upwardly from the end, a seventh line segment 221c, 241c at the end of the horizontally connected sixth line segment 221b, 241b, and an eighth line segment 221d, 241d extending longitudinally downward from the end of the seventh line segment 221c, 241c. And a ninth line segment 221e, 241e laterally connecting the ends of the eighth line segments 221d, 241d, and tenth line segments 221f, 241f extending longitudinally from the ends of the ninth line segments 221e, 241e.

The first conductive block 25 and the second conductive block 26 as shown in FIG. 3 and 4 and the ground terminal are each a number, the number of capacitor C ₁ is two. The first conductive block 25 is located near the middle of the lower portion of the first transmission line 21, and the second conductive block 26 is located at a middle position above the third transmission line 23. One end of the capacitor C _{1 is} electrically connected to the vicinity of the middle portion of the first transmission line 21 , and the other end thereof is electrically connected to the first conductive block 25 . The two ends of the capacitor C _{1 are} electrically connected to the vicinity of the middle portion of the third transmission line 23 , and the other end thereof is electrically connected to the second conductive block 26 .

Specifically, the circuit structure of the single-section branch coupler of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 1. Port 1 (ie, first signal 埠30) to port 4 (ie, fourth signal 埠33) and port 2 (ie, second signal 埠) 31) to port 3 (ie, the third signal 埠32) using the PI type equivalent, given the original transmission line impedance Z = 50Ω, electrical length θ = 90 °, equivalent electrical length θ ₁ = 60 ° and open circuit residuals The length θ ₂ =50° is brought into the equations (1) and (3) respectively to obtain Z ₁ =57.73 Ω, Z ₂ =119.2 Ω; the port 1 (ie the first signal 埠30) to the port 2 (ie the second signal 埠) 31) and port 3 (ie, the third signal 埠32) to port 4 (ie, the fourth signal 埠33) use T-type equivalent, given the original transmission line impedance Z = 35.35 Ω, electrical length θ = 90 °, equivalent The electrical length θ ₃ = 35.3 ° is brought into the equations (4) and (5) to obtain Z ₃ = 50 Ω and C ₁ = 0.9 pF. The simulation was performed with the electromagnetic software IE3D, and the transmission line size calculation was performed using the tool Linegauge in the software, and the center frequency was 2.45 GHz. The layout of the circuit board is shown in Figure 3, and the physical diagram is shown in Figure 4. Figure 5(a) is a frequency response diagram of a hybrid single-section branch coupler. The analog value |S ₁₁ |=-19.91dB at the center frequency of 2.45GHz, measured value |S ₁₁ |=-23.66dB, analog value |S ₂₁ |=-3.85dB, measured value|S ₂₁ |=-3.36dB, analog value|S ₃₁ |=-4.01dB, measured value|S ₃₁ |=-2.62dB, analog value|S ₄₁ |=-20.71dB, Found | S ₄₁ | = -21.66dB, FIG. 5 (B) is a hybrid coupler branches a single phase comparison, and FIG ∠21 ∠31 analog value at 2.45GHz 47.2 degrees (deg), - 40.8 degrees (deg The measured values are 159.1 degrees (deg) and 69.45 degrees (deg), and the phase difference is 89.65 degrees (deg).

In addition, referring to the embodiment of the double-section branch coupler shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the first extension 210 extends obliquely outward from one end of the first transmission line 21. The second extension 211 extends obliquely outward from the other end of the first transmission line 21. The third extension 230 extends obliquely outward from one end of the third transmission line 23. The fourth extension section 231 extends obliquely outward from the other end of the third transmission line 23. The lengths L _{3 of the} first transmission line 21 and the third transmission line 23 are both 80.97 mm, and the width W ₃ is both 6.22 mm. The lengths L _{4 of the} second transmission line 22 and the fourth transmission line 24 are both 34.86 mm, and the width W ₄ is 058 mm. The lengths of the first band 220, the second band 221, the third band 240, and the fourth band 241 are both 13.41 mm and the width is 0.58 mm. As for the first extension 210, the second extension 211, the third extension 230, and the fourth extension 231, each of the extensions includes a triangular segment 210a, 211a, 230a, 231a and a long rectangular segment 210b, 211b, 230b, 231b. .

As shown in FIG. 8 , a first signal 埠 30 is connected to the end of the first extension 210 , a second signal 埠 31 is connected to the end of the second extension 211 , and a third signal is connected to the end of the third extension 埠 . 32. A fourth signal 埠33 is connected to the end of the fourth extension 231. The first band 220 and the third band 240, respectively, each comprises a top section Xieshen from a first side of _a second transmission line 22 and transmission line 24 close to the fourth capacitance C extending obliquely 220a, 240a, from the first one Xieshen sections 220a, 240a close to the end and laterally extending direction of the capacitance C ₁ of the first line segment 220b, 240b, from a first segment 220b, a second segment 240b extending longitudinally downwardly end 220c, 240c, one from the first two segments 220c, 240c toward _a direction away from the end of the capacitance C of the third line segment extending transversely 220d, 240d, from a third line segment 220d, the end of the fourth segment 240d downwardly extending longitudinally 220e, 240e, and since the fourth line segment 220e, 240e fifth line 220f to _a direction toward the end of the capacitor C transversely extending, 240f. The second band 221 and the fourth band 241 each include a second obliquely extending section 221a, 241a and a second obliquely extending section 221a extending obliquely from the bottom of the second transmission line 22 and the fourth transmission line 24, respectively. , 241a close to the end of the capacitor C ₂ and a direction extending transversely of the sixth segment 221b, 241b, from a sixth segment 221b, a seventh terminal segment 241b upwardly extending longitudinally 221c, 241c, since a seventh segment 221c, 241c to the end away from the capacitor C ₂ extending in a direction transverse to the eighth line segment 221d, 241d, a line segment from the eighth 221d, 241d ninth segment extending longitudinally upwardly terminal 221e, 241e and lateral self 221e, ₂ directions close to the end 241e of the ninth line capacitance C The tenth line segments 221f, 241f are extended.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the transmission line group 20 further includes a fifth transmission line 27 extending longitudinally between the first transmission line 21 and the third transmission line 23, and the fifth transmission line 27 is close to the first The third side of the three-band 240 has a third obliquely extending section 270 and a fifth wavelength band 272 extending continuously from the end of the third obliquely extending section 270. The fourth transmission line 27 extends obliquely toward a bottom of the second wavelength band 221 to have a fourth obliquely extending section 271 and a sixth wavelength band 273 extending continuously from the end of the fourth obliquely extending section 271. The length L ₃ of the fifth transmission line 27 is 34.86 mm, and the width W ₅ is 9.69 mm. The fifth band 272 and the sixth band 273 have a length of 26.7 mm and a width of 0.76 mm. Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, the first conductive block 25 and the second conductive block 26 are grounded and the number is two. The number of capacitors C ₁ and C ₂ is four, and the first conductive block 25 is used. two are located close to the middle position of the lower side 21 of the first transmission lines, two second conductive block 26 is located close to the upper sides of the middle position of the third transmission line 23, one side of capacitor C ₁ 21 is electrically connected to one end of a first transmission line, the other end is electrically connected to one of the first conductive block 25, the other end of the capacitor C ₁ is electrically connected to the other side 21 of the first transmission line, and the other end is electrically connected to the other of the first conductive block 25, The third capacitor C ₂ is electrically connected to one side of the third transmission line 23, and the other end of the capacitor C ₂ is electrically connected to a second conductive block 26, and one end of the four capacitors C _{2 is} electrically connected to the other side of the third transmission line 23, and the other is One end is electrically connected to the second conductive block 26 of the second conductive block.

Specifically, the circuit structure diagram of the double-section branch coupler of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 6, and the port 1 (ie, the first signal 埠30) to the port 4 (ie, the fourth signal 埠33) and the port 2 (ie, the second signal)埠31) to port 3 (ie, the third signal 埠32) using the PI type equivalent, given the original transmission line impedance Z=120.7Ω, electrical length θ =90°, equivalent electrical length θ ₁ =65° and open circuit residual The segment electrical length θ ₂ =25° is brought into the equations (1) and (3) respectively to obtain Z ₄ =Z ₅ =133.2 Ω; the intermediate branch is also PI-type equivalent, given the original transmission line impedance Z=35.36 Ω, electrical The length θ = 90°, the equivalent electrical length θ ₆ = 70° and the open-circuit residual length θ ₇ = 50° are respectively brought into the equations (1) and (3) to obtain Z ₆ = 37.6 Ω, Z ₇ = 123.2 Ω; port 1 to port 2 and port 3 to port 4 use T-type equivalent, given the original transmission line impedance Z = 35.35 Ω, electrical length θ = 90 °, equivalent electrical length θ ₈ = 35.35 ° bring-in ( 4), (5) can obtain Z ₈ = 50 Ω, C ₂ = 2.44 pF. The center frequency is 915MHz. The layout of the circuit board is shown in Figure 7, and the physical circuit diagram is shown in Figure 8. Figure 9(a) is a frequency response diagram of a hybrid two-section branch coupler with an analog value |S ₁₁ |=-19.29dB at the center frequency of 915MHz, measured value |S ₁₁ |=-16.65dB, analog value |S ₂₁ | =-3.66dB, measured value|S ₂₁ |=-3.93dB, analog value|S ₃₁ |=-2.77dB, measured value|S ₃₁ |=-3.91dB, analog value|S ₄₁ |=-18.72dB, measured The value |S ₄₁ |=-17.27dB, Figure 9(b) is the phase comparison diagram of the double-section branch coupler ∠21 and ∠31 at 915MHz, the simulated values are -28.98 degrees (deg), -116.47 degrees (deg), The measured values were 100.8 degrees (deg) and 11.96 degrees (deg), and the phase difference was 88.84 degrees (deg). After the actual test, the hybrid single-section branch coupler and the hybrid double-section branch coupler designed by this patent are reduced to 51% and 55% of the original circuit respectively compared with the traditional branch coupler, and the simulation and The measurement has good consistency.

Therefore, the mixture proposed by the present invention is explained by the above specific embodiments. The design of the branch coupler successfully designed the operating frequency of 915MHz and 2.45GHz on the FR-4 substrate. The circuit uses the equivalent of two transmission lines to verify the circuit characteristics through simulation and implementation, which can effectively reduce the circuit. The area, and has good circuit characteristics, therefore, the present invention can indeed design a variety of frequency bands to increase the selectivity of the user.

The above description is only a possible embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. The equivalent scope of the invention, which is based on the content, the features and the spirit of the invention, is to be included in the scope of the invention. Specific to the present invention The structural features defined in the request item are not found in similar items, and they are practical and progressive. They have met the requirements of the invention patents and have applied for it according to law. Please ask the bureau to approve the patents in accordance with the law to protect the applicant's legality. rights and interests.

references

[1] J. Reed and GJ Wheeler, "A method of analysis of a symmetrical four-port network", IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech ., vol. MTT-4, pp.246 -252 1956

[2] G. Luzzatto, “A general 180-degree hybridring”, IEEE Trans. Broadcast ., vol. BC-14, no. 1, pp.41 -43 1968

[3] I. Sakagami, R. Teraoka, and T. Munehiro, “A reduced branch-line coupler with eight stubs,” 1997 Asia Pacific Microwave Conference, Vol. 3 , December 1997, pp. 1137-1140.

[4] WH Tu and K. Chang, "Compact second harmonic-suppressed bandstop and bandpass filters using open stubs," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques , Vol. 54, June 2006, pp. 2497-2502.

[5] JW Gipprich "A new class of branch-line directional couplers", IEEE MTT S Int. Microw. Symp. Dig ., pp.589 -592 1993

[6] S.-S. Liao, P.-T. Sun, N.-C. Chin, and J.-T. Peng, “A novel compact-size branch-line coupler,” IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters , Vol. 15, Issue 9, September 2005, pp. 588-590.

[7] K.-O. Sun, S.-J. Ho, C.-C. Yen, and Daniel van der Weide, "A compact branch-line coupler using discontinuous microstrip lines," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters , Vol. 15, Issue 8, August 2005, pp. 519-520.

[8] Tae-Soon Yun, Ki-Byoung Kin, Jong-Chul Le, “Investigation on size reduction of a branch-line power divider using shunt-stub,” Microwave Conference Proceedings, 2005. APMC 2005. Asia-Pacific Conference Proceedings , Vol. 1, Feb.2005.

[9] C.-H. Tseng and C.-H. Wu, "Design of compact branch-line couplers using-equivalent artificial transmission lines", IET Microw. Antennas Propag ., vol. 6, no. 9, pp. 969-974, 2012.

[10] C.-L. Hsu, J.-T. Kuo and C.-W. Chang "Miniaturized dual-band hybrid couplers with arbitrary power division ratios", IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech ., vol. 57, No. 1, pp.149 -156 2009

20‧‧‧ Transmission line group

21‧‧‧First transmission line

210‧‧‧First extension

211‧‧‧Second extension

22‧‧‧second transmission line

220, 240‧‧‧ first band

220a, 240a‧‧‧ first oblique extension

220b, 240b‧‧‧ first line segment

220c, 240c‧‧‧second line

220d, 240d‧‧‧ third line segment

220e, 240e‧‧‧ fourth line

220f, 240f‧‧‧ fifth line

221b, 241b‧‧‧ sixth line

221c, 241c‧‧‧ seventh line

221c, 241c‧‧‧ seventh line

221d, 241d‧‧‧ eighth line

221e, 241e‧‧‧ ninth line

221f, 241f‧‧‧10th line

221a, 241a‧‧‧second oblique section

221‧‧‧second band

23‧‧‧ third transmission line

230‧‧‧ third extension

231‧‧‧4th extension

24‧‧‧fourth transmission line

240‧‧‧ third band

241‧‧‧fourth band

25‧‧‧First conductive block

26‧‧‧Second conductive block

C‧‧‧ capacitor

Claims (10)

A hybrid branch coupler comprising a substrate, a transmission line group disposed on the substrate, and at least two capacitors, the transmission line group comprising four segments sequentially vertically surrounding a rectangular connection to respectively generate characteristic impedance a first transmission line, a second transmission line, a third transmission line, a fourth transmission line, at least one first conductive block, and at least one second conductive block, wherein the first transmission line has a first extension extending at one end thereof. The second end of the third transmission line has a third extension extending at one end thereof, and a fourth extension extending from the other end, the first conductive block is located near the first transmission line, and the second The conductive block is located adjacent to the third transmission line, and the at least two capacitors are electrically connected between the first transmission line and the first conductive block and the third transmission line and the second conductive block, respectively. The second transmission line extends obliquely toward the top of one side of the capacitor and continuously bends to extend a first wavelength band. The bottom of the second transmission line extends obliquely and continuously bends and extends. a second wave band; the fourth transmission line extends obliquely toward a top of one side of the capacitor and continuously bends to extend a third wavelength band that is bilaterally symmetric with the first wavelength band, and the bottom of the fourth transmission line extends obliquely and continuously. The fold extension has a fourth wavelength band that is bilaterally symmetric with the second wavelength band. The hybrid branch coupler of claim 1, wherein the first extension extends laterally outward from one end of the first transmission line, and the second extension extends laterally outward from the other end of the first transmission line, The third extension extends laterally outward from one end of the third transmission line, and the fourth extension extends laterally outward from the other end of the third transmission line; the length of the first transmission line and the third transmission line are both 13.3 mm, and the width is The length of the second transmission line and the fourth transmission line are both 11.4 mm and the width is 2.42 mm; the lengths of the first band, the second band, the third band and the fourth band are both It is 9.4mm and the width is 2.42mm. The hybrid branch coupler of claim 1, wherein the first extension extends obliquely outward from one end of the first transmission line, and the second extension extends obliquely outward from the other end of the first transmission line Extendingly, the third extension extends obliquely outward from one end of the third transmission line, and the fourth extension extends obliquely outward from the other end of the third transmission line; the lengths of the first transmission line and the third transmission line are both 80.97mm, the width is 6.22mm, the length of the second transmission line and the fourth transmission line are both 34.86mm, and the width is 0.58mm; the first band, the second band, the third band and the The length of the fourth band is 13.41 mm and the width is 0.58 mm. The hybrid branch coupler of claim 3, wherein the first extension, the second extension, the third extension, and the fourth extension extension each comprise a triangular segment and a long rectangular segment. The hybrid branch coupler according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a first signal 接 is connected to the end of the first extension, and a second signal 接 is connected to the end of the second extension. A third signal 接 is connected to the end of the third extension, and a fourth signal 接 is connected to the end of the fourth extension. The hybrid branch coupler of claim 1, wherein the first wavelength band and the third wavelength band each comprise an obliquely extending from a top of the second transmission line and the fourth transmission line adjacent to a side of the capacitor. a first obliquely extending section, a first line segment extending longitudinally downward from the end of the first obliquely extending section, a second line segment laterally connecting the end of the first line segment, and a longitudinal extension extending from the end of the second line segment a third line segment, a fourth line segment laterally connected to the end of the third line segment, and a fifth line segment extending longitudinally downward from the end of the fourth line segment; the second wavelength band and the fourth wavelength band each comprise a second from the second a second obliquely extending section extending obliquely from the bottom of the side of the transmission line and the fourth transmission line, a sixth line segment extending longitudinally upward from the end of the second obliquely extending section, and a horizontally connecting the sixth line segment a seventh line segment of the end, an eighth line segment extending longitudinally downward from the end of the seventh line segment, a ninth line segment laterally connecting the end of the eighth line segment, and a tenth line segment extending longitudinally upward from the end of the ninth line segment. The hybrid branch coupler of claim 1, wherein the first wavelength band and the third wavelength band each comprise an obliquely extending from a top of the second transmission line and the fourth transmission line adjacent to a side of the capacitor. a first obliquely extending section, a first line segment extending from the end of the first obliquely extending section and extending laterally adjacent to the capacitance direction, a second line segment extending longitudinally downward from the end of the first line segment, a third line segment extending distally from the end of the second line segment, a fourth line segment extending longitudinally from the end of the third line segment, and a fifth line segment extending laterally from the end of the fourth line segment toward the capacitor direction; The second wavelength band and the fourth wavelength band each include a second obliquely extending section extending obliquely from the bottom side of the second transmission line and the fourth transmission line, and an end from the end of the second obliquely extending section a sixth line segment extending laterally from the end of the sixth line segment, a seventh line segment extending longitudinally from the end of the sixth line segment, an eighth line segment extending laterally from the end of the seventh line segment away from the capacitance direction, and an eighth line segment extending from the eighth line segment End direction a longitudinally extending ninth line segment and a tenth line segment extending laterally from the end of the ninth line segment toward the capacitance direction. The hybrid branch coupler of claim 1, wherein the transmission line group further comprises a fifth transmission line extending longitudinally adjacent to a middle portion of the third transmission line of the first transmission line, the fifth transmission line being close to the third wavelength band a third obliquely extending section and a fifth wavelength band extending continuously from the end of the third obliquely extending section; the fifth transmission line extending obliquely toward a bottom of the second wavelength band a fourth oblique section, and a section extending continuously from the end of the fourth oblique section The six-band; the fifth transmission line has a length of 34.86 mm and a width of 9.69 mm, and both the fifth band and the sixth band have a length of 26.7 mm and a width of 0.76 mm. The hybrid branch coupler of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first conductive block and the second conductive block are grounded and each number is one, and the number of the capacitors is two, the first The conductive block is located near the middle of the first transmission line, and the second conductive block is located at a middle position near the third transmission line, one end of the capacitor is electrically connected to the middle of the first transmission line, and the other end is The first conductive block is electrically connected to the second conductive block. The other end of the capacitor is electrically connected to the middle of the third transmission line, and the other end is electrically connected to the second conductive block. The hybrid branch coupler of claim 1, wherein the first conductive block and the second conductive block are grounded and the number is two, the number of the capacitors is four, and the two first conductive The blocks are respectively located on two sides of the middle portion of the lower portion of the first transmission line, and the two second conductive blocks are located on two sides of the middle portion of the upper portion of the third transmission line, and one end of the capacitor is electrically connected to the side of the first transmission line The other end of the capacitor is electrically connected to one of the first conductive blocks, and the other end of the capacitor is electrically connected to the other side of the first transmission line, and the other end of the capacitor is electrically connected to the first conductive block. One end of the capacitor is electrically connected to one side of the third transmission line, and the other end of the capacitor is electrically connected to one of the second conductive blocks. The other end of the capacitor is electrically connected to the other side of the third transmission line, and the other end is electrically connected. Connecting the two second conductive blocks.