TW201621272A - Multi-band reconfigurable subsurface radar profiler system - Google Patents

Abstract

A multi-band reconfigurable subsurface radar profiler system for land surface and subsurface monitoring includes a baseband synthetic aperture radar (SAR) subsystem, a radio frequency (RF) transceiver subsystem for transmitting and receiving a plurality of waves, a scanning subsystem for land surface and subsurface monitoring, and a power supply including a power management module for providing power to the system.

Description

Multi-band reconfigurable subsurface radar profile surveying system

Embodiments of the present invention relate to monitoring subsurface deformation techniques, and more particularly, embodiments of the present invention relate to methods and systems for remotely monitoring landslide prone areas and predicting upcoming landslides prior to landslide occurrence.

Traditionally, there are conventional methods for assessing dangerous conditions (such as landslides) by providing warnings in advance of potential landslides or potential affected areas involving similar events involving land displacement. Moreover, it can be dangerous due to land movement caused by landslides, terrain subsidence and the different types of instability caused by the construction and maintenance of man-made structures such as bridges, towers, buildings, dams and other such structures. And disasters, which can often result in considerable loss of personnel and economic losses. Therefore, it is important to monitor land movements in real time to avoid such hazards and disasters and to inform the public whenever there are signs and occurrences of such events. However, the immediate problem of monitoring landslide conditions is that, in most cases, a single quarantined sensor is periodically inspected for simultaneous visual field assessment to determine the potential risk of a landslide, and there are not enough or appropriate types of sensors. Information to achieve accurate and timely prediction of one of the upcoming events.

Various types of metrology sensors are capable of measuring small amplitude movements of slopes (such as displacement, tilting, sinking, and the like), such as a subsurface tilt meter, a settling gauge, and a surface extension An instrument, a crack measuring device and the like are installed in the slope to perform Measure and transmit a danger signal when the measured data exceeds a predetermined threshold. In use, one of the power cables for powering and one of the communication cables for transmitting the measurement data to a data recorder are connected to each other. However, the installation cost is higher because many skilled workers are required to drill a deep hole in the ground when installing the measuring device. There is still a problem: the measurement sensors are difficult to install widely in remote areas. In addition, the measurement sensors for detecting the landslide must be powered and the measurement sensors must be connected to the communication cable. However, this cable routing process is difficult to perform on steep slopes and separate communication and power supply equipment must be installed in mountain areas that are not equipped with communication and power infrastructure.

At present, the data collected and analyzed immediately before and during a landslide event is not sufficient to allow for a logical prediction of the route and intensity of a potential landslide. In general, a landslide warning can be issued based on past events occurring in a particular area or based on educated guesses about the timing and severity of past events. Moreover, geodetic methods (such as total station, level measurement, and GPS surveys) are used for monitoring land deformation and structural movement. In particular, the geodetic survey methods for deformation monitoring include a theodolite wire survey, a triangulation method, and a total station method. However, these methods have limited ability to observe at different points. Moreover, these methods are inefficient and the measurement speed of large areas is slow. In addition, other conventional geodetic survey methods provide reasonable accuracy, but require experienced professionals to work on site, which results in heavy workload, high personal risk and inefficiency. In particular, the on-site work of these methods is a high-risk job due to the dangers that are not realized at night or during continuous rainfall. On the other hand, laser scanning and photography technology can cover a wider area, but it can only be used during daytime and good weather conditions, because the laser is affected by smog and rainfall.

A state-of-the-art technology utilizes a ground-based interferometric synthetic aperture radar, commonly referred to as InSAR. It is used in telemetry to monitor surface deformation changes using InSAR processing. Although the InSAR system can monitor the displacement of large areas more efficiently with high spatial resolution and high surface detection variation accuracy under all weather conditions, it still has many shortcomings. existing Ground-based InSAR systems typically utilize a one-millimeter-wave frequency system that is limited to surface deformation monitoring. One millimeter wave signal having a short wavelength of the order of millimeters cannot penetrate the surface to have a subsurface profile of one of the monitoring points. However, the main cause of landslides begins with subsurface deformation. Therefore, the ability to monitor subsurface deformation is also very important compared to surface deformation. Moreover, the millimeter-wave InSAR system is not suitable for monitoring the surface covered by forest canopy and vegetation. This is because the millimeter-wave InSAR system is extremely sensitive to the movement of delicate leaves and it can produce a false return signal when monitored at the surface.

Moreover, there is an increasing need to use non-destructive telemetry for disaster monitoring, risk assessment, and early warning frameworks for hazard and disaster management. Moreover, compared to conventional ground truth monitoring instruments with small coverage areas, there is still a need for large area monitoring.

Accordingly, there is still a need in the art for systems and methods to address the inefficiency and minimize the risk of on-site work for continuous monitoring of land and building structural deformations with high detection accuracy.

Embodiments of the present invention generally disclose a multi-band reconfigurable subsurface radar profile surveying system for monitoring and profile surveying of one of the earth's surface, underground, and man-made structural movements to instantly determine any species occurring on the subsurface The deformation. In particular, the radar profile survey system is a highly compact embedded radar system that can be installed on the ground or on a vehicle to monitor the earth's surface, underground and man-made structures and to survey their profiles.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the radar profile survey system comprises a baseband synthetic aperture radar (SAR) subsystem, a radio frequency (RF) transmitter and receiver (transceiver) subsystem, a scanning subsystem and a power supply The power supply includes a power management module for powering to a radar profile surveying system. In use, the radar profile survey system can be mounted on at least one platform, the at least one platform can be a motorized platform or located on a surface A fixed platform. Moreover, the radar profile survey system can be installed on one of the platforms of a moving vehicle to provide continuous monitoring of land movement. In particular, the radio frequency (RF) transceiver subsystem transmits and receives a plurality of waves, and the radio frequency (RF) transceiver is electrically coupled to the baseband SAR subsystem. The scanning subsystem includes one of the scanning members for surface and subsurface monitoring.

In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, scanning of the ground and subsurfaces can be accomplished electronically by an electron beam steering technique.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the scanning of the ground surface and the subsurface can be achieved mechanically by a motorized platform control.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the radar profile survey system can penetrate to approximately 10 cm below the surface to obtain a subsurface profile and an underground moving mechanism.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a method for monitoring an area and surveying its profile includes the steps of: acquiring one of the radar signals by transmitting a plurality of signals to complete scanning of one of the regions; and determining the scan Whether it is a new scan of one of the areas. In particular, each scan includes a sequence of frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) signals transmitted at at least one carrier frequency. Further, the method includes the steps of: processing a plurality of echo signals received as the digitized data in response to each of the plurality of signals and storing the same in a database, wherein each scan comprises a plurality of digits The file and the stored scan are newly scanned for one of the areas.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises the steps of: converting the data into a plurality of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images; storing each synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image in a database; and determining the Whether the stored Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image is a new synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image of the region. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a method for monitoring a natural disaster in a potentially hazardous area by using a radar profile surveying system includes the steps of installing the radar profile survey system away from the potentially hazardous area On a platform; performing periodic monitoring at a predefined time interval; generating a 3D image of a scene with high-precision change detection capability; and via a cable And/or the wireless communication network sends the 3D image to a data center and/or a monitoring network, including but not limited to a local area network (LAN), a wide area network ( WAN) and a personal area network (PAN).

According to an embodiment of the invention, the platform on which the radar profile surveying system is mounted is a fixed platform.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the platform on which the radar profile surveying system is mounted is a mobile platform.

In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, a method for obtaining data by a radar timing controller (RTC) and a high speed analog to digital converter (ADC) includes the following steps: by the radar timing controller ( RTC) obtains control processing of the high speed analog to digital converter (ADC) to initialize the data acquisition program; waits for a trigger signal from one of the external timing control units; and samples the analog to digital converter at a specified clock rate and number of samples (ADC).

100‧‧‧ Surface Radar Profile Survey System

101‧‧‧Baseband Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Subsystem

103‧‧‧Radar Timing Controller (RTC)

105‧‧‧Signal Synthesizer

106‧‧‧Enter

107‧‧‧Digital Logic Platform

108‧‧‧High speed digital to analog converter

110‧‧‧Scan Subsystem/Scan Platform

111‧‧‧Reference clock

112‧‧‧Sequence interface

113‧‧‧Internal register

114‧‧‧Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) Core

115‧‧‧ data logger

116‧‧‧frequency profile generator

117‧‧‧Limited State Machine (FSM)

118‧‧‧Time Control Unit (TCU)

119‧‧‧ clock distributor

120‧‧‧Record database

125‧‧‧Processor System

131‧‧‧Dual Analog to Digital Converter (ADC)

132‧‧‧Based on FPGA Range Correlator

133‧‧‧Based on FPGA Azimuth Correlator

134‧‧2D SAR imagery

141‧‧‧Reference phase

142‧‧‧High-resolution ramp generator phase-locked loop (PLL)

143‧‧‧Broadband Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO)

144‧‧‧Programmable Fractional Divider

145‧‧‧Multiplier

146‧‧‧High Power Amplifier (HPA)

147‧‧‧Multi-band transmit antenna

148‧‧‧Low Noise Amplifier (LNA)

149‧‧‧Orthogonal Mixer

155‧‧‧ Radio Frequency (RF) Transceiver Subsystem

160‧‧‧Scanning components/embedded scanning controller

165‧‧‧Power/Power Management Module

200‧‧‧ graphical representation

205‧‧‧Steps

210‧‧‧Steps

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300‧‧‧Graph flow chart/method

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450‧‧‧Solar Power Management System/Solar-Powered Radar Profile Surveying System

455‧‧‧Commercial solar panels

460‧‧‧Battery Charge Controller

465‧‧‧Battery Pack

470‧‧‧DC-AC Power Converter

475‧‧‧Specified electrical load equipment

550‧‧‧ capture system

555‧‧‧Server

557‧‧‧Processor

560‧‧‧Communication network

565 ₁ ......565 _N ‧‧‧Customer device

570‧‧‧Environmental Sensor

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For a more detailed description of the features of the invention described above, reference to the embodiments of the invention It is to be understood, however, that the appended claims are in the

1 is a functional block diagram of a system architecture of a surface radar profile surveying system according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 illustrates a multi-band reconfigurable for landslide monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention. A schematic representation of one of the typical applications of the subsurface radar profile surveying system; FIG. 3 is a simplified block diagram of one of the reconfigurable signal synthesizers of the radar profile surveying system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Embedding one of the radar profile survey systems according to an embodiment of the present invention Block diagram of a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) processor; FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a radio frequency (RF) transceiver subsystem of a radar profile surveying system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; A flow chart of one of data acquisition methods by a radar timing controller (RTC) and a high speed analog to digital converter (ADC) of a radar profile surveying system according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7 illustrates Another embodiment of the invention is a solar powered radar profile surveying system; FIG. 8 illustrates one of the remote data control and capture systems of one of the data generated by the radar profile surveying system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a pictorial representation of a time domain plot of a signal in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a frequency distribution of a baseband signal in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. One sample spectrum of a low-band radar signal according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 11B illustrates a sample spectrum of a high-band radar signal according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 12 illustrates a real image according to the present invention. A flow chart of one of the methods for monitoring the ground surface and the subsurface by using a radar profile survey system; FIG. 13 illustrates a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image according to an embodiment of the present invention. One of the flow charts of one of the methods; FIG. 14 is a flow chart of one of the methods for performing interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) processing on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images according to an embodiment of the present invention; 15A and 15B are diagrams showing one of a plurality of design parameters required to process original data according to an embodiment of the present invention; Although methods and systems for subsurface deformation monitoring are described herein by way of example for a number of embodiments and schematics, those skilled in the art will recognize that methods and systems for monitoring the surface and subsurface to determine any deformation are not limited. The described embodiment or schema. It should be understood that the various drawings are not intended to Rather, the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives in the spirit and scope of the method and apparatus of the invention. Any headings used herein are for organizational purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the description or claims. As used herein, the word "may" is used in an allowed sense (ie, meaning: having the possibility of ...) rather than a mandatory meaning (ie, meaning: must). Similarly, the words "include," "include" and "include" are meant to include but not limited to.

Various embodiments of the multi-band radar profile surveying system for subsurface deformation monitoring disclosed herein provide early warning to the public. The radar system produces high-resolution imaging for man-made structures and monitoring of the Earth's environment, and is especially suited for land profile measurement applications. Furthermore, the present invention is a highly compact embedded radar system that can be mounted on the ground or on a vehicle to monitor the earth's surface, underground and man-made structures and to survey their profiles. The core technologies used include microwave telemetry, interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) processing, radio frequency (RF) circuit design, embedded signal processing, field programmable gate array (FPGA) design, and related technologies.

In addition, the system includes a multi-band radar profile measuring instrument processing algorithm, which is a combination of an interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) algorithm and a synthetic aperture radar image forming algorithm. The method provides for immediate monitoring of a surface and subsurface area by using the radar based system of the present invention. In particular, the systems and methods address the inefficiency of continuous monitoring of structural deformation of land and buildings. The multi-band reconfigurable subsurface radar profile surveying system of the present invention combines low frequency microwaves (such as UHF, L, S bands) and high frequency micro Wave (such as C, X, Ku band) radar transceiver subsystems simultaneously monitor the ground and secondary surfaces at the same time. The system can penetrate to approximately 10 cm below the surface to obtain a subsurface profile and an underground moving mechanism. Moreover, the system includes a 3D Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) scanner with one of the platform's biaxial motion for vertical and horizontal measurements.

Moreover, the measurements produce the subsurface profile and an interferogram. The land profile is generated from the radar penetrating approximately 10 cm below the Earth's surface, and the land profile provides useful information about the probability of occurrence of events such as landslides.

In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the claimed subject matter can be practiced without the specific details. In other instances, methods, devices, or systems that are known to those of ordinary skill in the art are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the claimed subject matter.

Some portions of the detailed description that follows are presented in terms of algorithms or symbolic representations of operations on binary digital signals stored in memory of a particular device or dedicated computing device or platform. In the context of this particular specification, the term server, client device or the like may include one as long as the server, client device or the like is programmed to perform a particular function as a dedicated computer in accordance with instructions of the self-programming software. General purpose computer. Algorithmic descriptions or symbolic representations are examples of techniques used by those skilled in the art of signal processing and related art to convey the substance of their work to other skilled in the art. The algorithm is here considered and is generally considered to result in a self-consistent sequence of operations or similar signal processing that results in a desired result. In this context, operations or processing involve physical manipulation of physical quantities. Usually, though not necessarily, the equivalents may be in the form of an electrical or magnetic signal that can be stored, transferred, combined, compared, or otherwise manipulated or transformed. It has proven convenient at times, principally for reasons of idiom, to refer to such signals as bits, data, values, elements, symbols, characters, terms, numbers, digits or the like. It should be understood, however, that all such or similar terms are to be associated with the appropriate physical quantities and are merely for convenience. Unless otherwise specifically indicated, it will be apparent from the following discussion that it will be understood throughout this specification that The use of terms such as "processing", "computing", "calculating", "decision" or the like refers to the action of a particular device, such as a dedicated computer or a dedicated electronic computing device or deal with. Thus, in the context of the present specification, a dedicated computer or a similar dedicated electronic computing device is capable of manipulating or transforming a signal, which is typically represented as a memory, register or other information of the special purpose computer or similar dedicated electronic computing device. A physical or magnetic quantity within a storage device, launch device, or display device.

1 is a functional block diagram of one of the system architectures of a primary surface radar profile survey system 100 for monitoring a surface of a ground surface and a subsurface in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The radar profile survey system 100 includes a baseband synthetic aperture radar (SAR) subsystem 101 for generating, receiving, and processing radar signals in digital form, and a radio frequency (RF) transceiver subsystem 155 for transmitting and A plurality of waves are received; a scanning subsystem 110 including one of the scanning members 160 for ground surface and subsurface monitoring; and a power source 165 including a power management module for supplying power to the system 100. In particular, the baseband Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) subsystem 101 is electrically coupled to a radio frequency (RF) transceiver subsystem 155 and a scanning subsystem controller 160.

According to one embodiment, the baseband SAR subsystem 101 further includes a radar timing controller (RTC) 103 for providing timing and control signals to all subsystems; a data logger 115 for receiving incoming radar signals The data is recorded in the record database 120; and an embedded radar processor is used to process the radar signal data on the fly. Further, signal synthesizer 105 provides the desired radar waveform to a digitally programmable gate array (FPGA) based digital signal synthesizer of one of radio frequency (RF) transceiver subsystems 155. The scanning component of scanning subsystem 110 includes a high precision 3D synthetic aperture radar (SAR) scanner to continuously measure the region of interest in the vertical and horizontal directions to produce a subsurface profile and an interferogram. Specifically, at one of the sensing distances of about 1 km to 2 km, the penetration depth of one or more carrier frequencies of the frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) signal is about 10 cm below the surface.

In particular, scanning subsystem 110 is a motorized dual axis scanning platform to scan in both directions, and the scanning subsystem further includes one of a series of communication for motor control and radar timing controller (RTC) 103 embedded Scan controller 160. Specifically, system 100 is mounted on scanning platform 110 that moves along an azimuth range of approximately 1.5 meters. When the terrain shift occurs between the two image acquisitions, the phase of the target changes accordingly. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) processing techniques are used in the present system 100 to continuously monitor shifts in the region. Therefore, this continuous monitoring provides an early warning signal and is suitable for providing timely information about the landslide.

In one embodiment, signal synthesizer 105 is a digital signal synthesizer based on a field programmable gate array (FPGA). It is used to synthesize a baseband frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) signal that will be transmitted through a radio frequency (RF) transceiver subsystem 155.

According to one embodiment, the radar profile survey system 100 is mounted on a motorized platform to provide continuous monitoring of land movement. The output data of the radar profile survey system 100 (in the form of a processed image) is communicated via a communication network 560 to a server 555 and a plurality of client devices 565.

In one embodiment, power management module 165 is an electromechanical power source.

According to another embodiment, when the main power source (especially in a remote area) cannot be accessed, one of the small solar power management systems 450 as shown in FIG. 7 is integrated into the embedded radar system 100.

According to one embodiment, radio frequency (RF) transceiver subsystem 155 includes a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) channel configured as a multi-band, high linearity, and low phase noise configured in a superheterodyne configuration.

According to one embodiment, further penetration of the carrier frequency can be achieved when the soil type of the local watch is favorable.

According to an embodiment, the one or more carrier frequencies are selected from the group consisting of a plurality of high frequency microwaves consisting of C, X and Ku frequency bands, a plurality of low frequency microwaves consisting of a UHF, L, S frequency band and combinations thereof a group.

2 illustrates a graphical representation 200 of one exemplary application of a multi-band reconfigurable subsurface radar profile surveying system 100 for landslide monitoring in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. At step 205, the embedded radar system 100 is mounted to a fixed platform that is remote from one of the potentially hazardous areas. In particular, the radar profile surveying system 100 performs periodic monitoring of the earth's environment and man-made structures at a predefined interval of approximately one to two scans per hour. At step 210, the embedded Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) processor 125 of the radar profile survey system produces 3D images of one of the surface scenes with high-precision change detection capabilities. At step 215, the generated 3D image is communicated to server 555 and client device 565 via communication network 560. Information is provided to an online report of an institution or data center via server 555 for further analysis and risk assessment. In particular, communication network 560 is a wireless communication network. In operation, wireless communication network 560 can use different standardized communication protocols such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). Each of these standardized communication protocols may specify an access technology that allows simultaneous service of multiple mobile wireless communication devices over the wireless communication network.

At step 220, if a potentially dangerous event is detected after analyzing the data via the server 555 by the data center, an early warning signal is triggered to alert the crowd in the area to evacuate. Similar equipment can be installed in various potentially hazardous areas to monitor man-made structures such as bridges, towers, buildings, dams or the like, which can form a nationwide early warning network to save lives and prevent considerable economic losses.

3 is a simplified block diagram of one of the reconfigurable baseband signal synthesizers 105 of a radar profile surveying system 100 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Reconfigurable baseband signal synthesizer 105 includes an input 106, a digital logic platform 107, and at least one high speed digital to analog converter 108. The digital logic module 107 includes a plurality of internal registers 113 for providing recombination capabilities. In operation, for reconfigurable features, a number of internal registers 113 include control registers (CR0 to CR2) and parameter registers (PR0 to PR5), which can be connected to an embedded controller 103. Or one of the processor systems 125 has a predefined sequence interface 112 group. The digital logic module 107 further includes a direct digital synthesizer (DDS) core 114, a frequency profile generator 116, a finite state machine (FSM) 117, a timing control unit (TCU) 118, and a clock distributor 119. The input module 106 includes a reference clock 111 and a sequence interface 112. In particular, a frequency profile generator 116 generates the tuning words required by the direct digital synthesizer (DDS) core 114 and thus produces a desired baseband output signal. The output of DDS core 114 is in the digit domain and is converted to an analog representation using two digits to analog converter 108. Further, the finite state machine (FSM) 117 synchronizes the sequence of operations of the entire signal synthesizer 105. All of the required clock signals are generated internally by the timing and control unit (TCU) 118 and distributed by the clock distributor 119. The timing and control unit (TCU) is electrically coupled to the reference clock 111 of the input module 106.

4 is a block diagram of an embedded Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) processor 125 of one of the radar profile survey systems 100 for processing incoming incoming data in real time, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. In particular, the embedded SAR processor 125 utilizes a hybrid architecture to perform real-time radar signal processing by combining the advantages of an embedded processor and a programmable field programmable gate array (FPGA). Specifically, the embedded SAR processor 125 includes a dual channel analog to digital converter (ADC) 131 for converting a plurality of received FMCW intermediate frequency (IF) signals into digital samples; an FPGA-based correlator 132 for transforming the incoming samples into 1D compressed range domain samples; and an FPGA based position correlator 133 for transforming the plurality of compressed range domain samples into 2D compressed azimuthal domain samples. In particular, the FPGA-based range correlator 132 is implemented by first combining incoming in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) samples into a complex form; and performing fast Fourier transform (FFT) to convert the samples. To the frequency domain corresponding to the range profile of the received FMCW signal. In particular, the FPGA-based azimuth correlator 133 is implemented by dividing the range sample into a plurality of sub-range cells in which the range shift is less than one pixel; and the azimuth sample is divided into a plurality of sub-apertures. A cell, wherein each subaperture is associated with its corresponding reference signal, and finally all of the subapertures are coherently added to obtain a high resolution target response. By using this subaperture architecture, a dedicated FPGA-based processing unit can be applied to each sub-aperture to achieve instant parallel processing. At the end of each complete scan, the output of embedded SAR processor 125 is a 2D SAR image 134 that consists of amplitude and phase information for each pixel in the range and orientation domains. Further, the 2D SAR image 134 is overlaid onto a digital elevation model (DEM) of the scene to obtain a 3D image profile of the observed area.

5 is a block diagram of a radio frequency (RF) transceiver subsystem 155 of one of the radar profile survey systems 100 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. In particular, one of the multi-band radars with reconfigurable waveform types is implemented to achieve both ground surface and subsurface monitoring. An FMCW (Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave) radar configuration is used in the present radio frequency (RF) transceiver subsystem 155. Radio frequency (RF) transceiver subsystem 155 includes a high resolution ramp generator phase locked loop (PLL) 142 to provide a high linearity FMCW waveform having one of the sub- Hertz stage resolutions. A wideband voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) 143 is used in which the VCO output phase is fed to a fractional-N divider 144. In particular, PLL 142 includes a low noise phase frequency detector that compares the VCO phase with a reference phase 141 and adjusts the VCO to maintain phase matching. The output of the VCO is a highly linear, low phase noise FMCW waveform with a center frequency that can be programmed in a frequency band such as from 500 megahertz (MHz) to 6000 MHz. A frequency multiplier 145 is used to amplify the frequency range by a factor of four, and thus the system can provide a multi-band reconfigurable sweep such as from one of 2000 megahertz to 24,000 megahertz. Further, the FMCW signal is amplified by a high power amplifier (HPA) 146 and transmitted through a multi-band transmit antenna 147. The return signal is received by the receiving antenna, amplified by a low noise amplifier (LNA) 148, and downconverted to an intermediate frequency by mixing a portion of the incoming received signal with the transmitted signal using a quadrature mixer 149. (IF) signal. The intermediate frequency (IF) signal is converted to digital samples by an analog to digital converter (ADC) 131 and stored in data logger 115 for further processing.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, high linearity and lowness can be achieved across multiple frequency bands The phase noise digitally reorganizes the frequency sweep of the frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) signal, such as from a low microwave frequency (UHF, L, S band) to a high microwave frequency (C, X, Ku band). Therefore, the radar profile surveyer is capable of generating and receiving multi-band signals for subsurface profile surveying.

6 is a graphical flow diagram 300 of one of the data acquisition methods performed by the radar timing controller (RTC) subsystem 103 and the high speed ADC 131 of the radar profile survey system 100, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The method 300 begins in step 305. At step 305, a high speed analog to digital converter (ADC) 131 is enabled and initialized. The method 300 proceeds to step 307. At step 307, the RTC 103 obtains a control treatment for one of the high speed ADCs 131. The method 300 proceeds to step 308. At step 308, the RTC 103 waits for a trigger signal from one of the baseband signal synthesizers 105. Therefore, raw SAR sampling data is collected. The method 300 proceeds to step 312. At step 312, the sampled data is stored in onboard memory.

The method 300 proceeds from step 312 to step 315. At step 315, ADC sample data having a specified clock rate and number of samples is retrieved from the high speed bus. Specifically, both the signal at the I channel and the signal at the Q channel are simultaneously sampled at each trigger. The method 300 proceeds to step 320. At step 320, the data is stored in a solid state drive (SSD) of the data logger 115. The stored data will be transferred for processing.

Method 300 proceeds from step 320 to step 325, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. At step 325, a determination is made as to whether a new sampled data is present. If it is determined that there is new sampled material, then method 300 proceeds from step 325 to step 315.

In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, if it is determined that there is no new sampled material, then method 300 proceeds from step 325 to step 330. At step 330, ADC 131 is deactivated and the method proceeds to step 335. At step 335, method 300 ends.

In accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention, method 300 proceeds from step 312 to step 316. At step 316, a determination is made as to whether any original sample data scanned by the 3D Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) scanner 160 is present. If it is determined that the original sample data is available, then The method 300 proceeds from step 316 to step 308.

In accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention, if it is determined at step 316 that the original sample data is not available, then method 300 proceeds from step 316 to step 335. At step 335, method 300 ends.

7 is a block diagram of a solar powered radar profile survey system 450 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. Target landslide monitoring usually falls in a remote area that does not have a suitable power source. Thus, solar power systems are used in multi-band reconfigurable subsurface radar profile surveying systems 100 where conventional electromechanical power generation systems are not available. Depending on the functionality and operational requirements of system 450, certain components are required and may include some major components. The primary components include a DC-AC power converter 470, a battery pack 465, a battery charge controller 460, and a plurality of designated electrical load appliances 475. In particular, the designated electrical load appliance 475 can be a motor, radar processor, RF subsystem, multiple LEDs, fluorescent lights, or the like.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, integration with commercial solar panel 455 and its charge controller 460 needs to be established after development of the main controller board. The connection is established depending on the solar panel charging controller. This connection can be in series or in parallel with the solar panel 455.

8 is a block diagram of a remote data control and capture system 550 of one of the data generated by the radar profile survey system 100 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. In particular, the remote data control and retrieval system 550 helps reduce maintenance time and frequency of revisiting in the field. The remote data control and retrieval system 550 includes a data server 555, a communication network 560, and one or more client computers 565 ₁ , 565 ₂ . . . 565 _N . The radar data collected in real time is periodically sent to the data server 555 remotely.

The client computer 565 investigates radar data processed by the embedded SAR processor (ESP) 125 of the radar system 100 and stored in the server 555 via the communication network 560. In operation, the client computers 565 ₁ , 565 ₂ ... 565 _N send data to the server 555 and receive data from the server 555 to monitor and investigate the results of processing the data. In use, the user interface is a client device and the client device is a client computing device 565.

The server 555 includes a central processing unit (CPU), a plurality of support circuits, and a memory for storing the radar data. The server 555 is operable to collect radar data corresponding to the scanned area and store the radar data via the communication network 560. The server 555 includes a processor 557 configured to execute at least one set of instructions to provide the radar data to at least one user via the client device 565. The support circuits may include a display device and other circuits that support the functions of the CPU. Such circuits may include clock circuits, caches, power supplies, network cards, video circuits, and the like. The memory can include read only memory, random access memory, removable memory, disk drives, optical drives, and/or other forms of digital storage devices.

Communication network 560 facilitates communication between embedded SAR processor (ESP) 125 of radar system 100, server 555, and one or more client computers 565. Communication network 560 can be any type of wired or wireless network, as generally known in the art, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, communication network 560 is at least partially a packet switched network, such as the Internet. In some embodiments, communication network 560 is a 3G network. The 3G network may include support for one of the CDMA Evolution Data Optimized (EVDO) Release A standards or multiple wide-area cellular networks, a GPRS network, or supporting high downlink data rates (above, for example, 2.5 megabits) Any data rate per second operating on the wireless interface.

The client computer 565 provides the data to the server 555 and receives the data from the server 555. The client computer 565 includes a plurality of computing devices including, but not limited to, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a smart phone, a tablet computer, and/or capable of executing a plurality of modules and interacting with the server 555 Any other computing device. When stylized by some software, the client computer 565 functions as a dedicated computer for transmitting and receiving data from the server 555.

In some embodiments, the client computer 565 can be transported to and from the facility. A portable device that is accessed to access the data.

The support circuits may include a display device and other circuits that support the functions of the CPU. Such circuits may include clock circuits, caches, power supplies, network cards, video circuits, and the like.

In another embodiment, one or more environmental sensors determine the environmental conditions of the area and communicate the data sensed by the environmental sensor 570 via the communication network 560 and store it in the server 555.

In yet another embodiment, the server 555 includes a graphical user interface (GUI) module and a single board computer for installing and executing the GUI module. Further, the single board computer includes means for executing a set of instructions to collect real-time radar data from the scanning components and to transmit the collected data to one of the embedded radar processor (ESP) subsystems 125 via the communication network 560. Module. Specifically, a modem is connected to the single board computer.

In one embodiment, the data machine is a GSM modem.

Figure 9 is a graphical representation of one of the time domain plots of signals in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 10 is a frequency distribution diagram of a baseband signal according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 11A illustrates a sample frequency spectrum of a low-band radar signal according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11B illustrates a sample frequency spectrum according to the present invention. One of the high frequency band radar signals of one embodiment is a sample frequency spectrum.

12 is a flow diagram of a method 800 for monitoring a surface and a subsurface by using a radar profile survey system 100, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The method 800 begins in step 802 and proceeds to step 805. At step 805, a determination is made to determine if the scan of the region of interest of the surface is a new scan of one of the regions. In particular, radar signal acquisition is performed by transmitting a signal to complete the scanning of the area. In operation, each scan includes a sequence of frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) signals that transmit one or more carrier frequencies.

In one embodiment, the Ku band is transmitted (ie, from about 12 GHz to about 18) A sequence of FMCW signals of the frequency of the set of radio frequencies in the range of gigahertz.

In one embodiment, if the scan of the region of interest of the surface is scanned for one of the regions, then method 800 proceeds to step 810. At step 810, echo signals received in response to the respective signals of the plurality of signals as digitized data are processed and stored in the database 120. Specifically, the step of processing and storing the echo signal includes: establishing a data hierarchy by storing the digitized data in a folder of date and time information tags; and using it for each frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) The signal data is configured in a two-line format. In use, the two-line format includes a first row for the I channel (in-phase) and a second row for the Q channel (quadrature phase), where the data is configured based on a plurality of parameters. In use, the plurality of parameters include various system configurations and design parameters required to process the original data. As shown in Figures 15A and 15B, various such parameters required to process the original data have been collected.

One of ordinary skill will appreciate that many of these different parameters can be further utilized as desired. Specifically, each scan of the azimuth step includes establishing a digit file and storing the file in the database 120. However, the entire operation was repeated approximately 150 times to form a full area scan, and accordingly it resulted in a total of 150 files for each area scan.

The method 800 proceeds to step 815. At step 815, the stored data is converted into a plurality of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. The method 800 proceeds to step 820. At 820, each Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image is stored in a repository 120. The method 800 proceeds to step 825.

In another embodiment, if the scan of the region of interest on the surface is not a new scan of one of the regions, then method 800 proceeds to step 825. At step 825, a determination is made as to whether the stored Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image is a New Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image of the region.

In one embodiment, if the stored Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image is a New Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image of the region, then method 800 proceeds to step 830. At step 830, each of the plurality of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images (SAR) imagery performs interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) processing. The method 800 proceeds to step 835. At 835, one of the regions is updated by communicating the data in the database of the server 555 via the communication network 560. The server 555 receives the data to the ESP 125 of the system 100 and receives the data from the ESP 125 of the system 100.

In some embodiments, server 555 maintains a record of the most recently monitored data via communication network 560. One of ordinary skill will recognize a variety of wireless methods for transferring data from the ESP 125 of the system 100 to the server 555.

In another embodiment, if the stored Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image is not a New Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image of the region, then method 800 proceeds to step 805.

13 is a flow diagram of one method 900 for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image processing in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The method 900 begins at step 910. At step 910, the original data stored in the database 120 is captured in each orientation by the eight-core processor (not shown) of the embedded SAR processor (ESP) 125 of the system 100 and converted. Time series signal. In use, each scan of the azimuth step includes establishing a digital file and storing the file in the database 120. However, the entire operation was repeated approximately 150 times to form a full area scan, and accordingly it resulted in a total of 150 tracks for each area scan. The method 900 proceeds to step 915. At step 915, range compression is performed by converting a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) signal to a frequency domain and changing the frequency to a range scale. In use, a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is used at this step. The method 900 proceeds to step 920. At step 920, one of the desired composite lengths of the focus is calculated and zero padding is performed in the azimuth domain. At step 925, a range of signal references is evaluated and a second range of compression is performed in a 2D frequency domain. At step 930, an orientation signal reference is calculated and azimuthal compression is performed in the range of a Doppler domain. At step 935, the individual signals are converted to a spatial domain and an image size is reduced to specifically view one of the regions of interest in the region.

14 illustrates a flow of one of the methods 1000 for performing interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) processing on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Figure. The method 1000 begins at step 1005 and proceeds to step 1010. At step 1010, the current synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image of the region is captured from the database 120. Therefore, the amplitude dispersion index (ADI) is updated. The method 1000 proceeds to step 1015. At step 1015, a plurality of permanent scatterers (PS) and a plurality of PS candidates (PSCs) are selected based on an amplitude dispersion index (ADI). The method 1000 proceeds to step 1020. At step 1020, the PS/PSC network is updated. The method 1000 proceeds to step 1025. At step 1025, the observed variance is updated in the repository 120. Further, the divergence index based on the observed variance is calculated. The method 1000 proceeds to step 1030. At step 1030, a 2D spatial expansion is performed. The method 1000 proceeds to step 1035. At step 1035, the probability of divergence is calculated by using a Kalman filter. Further, the update space expands the solution. The method 1000 proceeds to step 1040. At step 1040, a determination is made as to whether an optimal solution has been found.

In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, if it is determined that an optimal solution has not been found, then method 1000 proceeds to step 1025.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, if it is determined that an optimal solution has been found, then method 1000 proceeds to step 1045. At step 1045, spatial integration of the permanent scatterers (PS) is performed and an interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) image is generated. The method 1000 proceeds to step 1050. At step 1050, method 1000 ends.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a method and system for monitoring high resolution multi-band subsurface profile surveys of terrestrial deformation, subsurface movement, building deformation, and object detection in the earth's surface. The radar system instantly determines any type of deformation that occurs underground. The present invention addresses the need for disaster monitoring and risk assessment using a non-destructive telemetry technology system and the establishment of an early warning framework for risk management. In particular, the present invention is intended to address the inefficiency of continuous monitoring of structural deformation of land and buildings.

Moreover, the present invention provides all-weather (24/7) remote monitoring with sub-millimeter detection accuracy and minimizes the risk of field work. Another improvement is the large area monitoring using the system of the present invention compared to conventional ground truth devices in which the coverage area is small. because Therefore, the system is an effective method for monitoring large-area high-risk landslides or building and bridge structures. In particular, the radar profile survey system can penetrate to approximately 10 cm below the surface to obtain a subsurface profile and an underground moving mechanism that is not available with existing ground-based InSAR systems. Moreover, the land profile generated from the radar penetration to approximately 10 cm below the Earth's surface provides useful information for the development and analysis of early warning systems for landslides. In addition, the system has a compact housing design and is a portable system.

In use, the system has a lower survey cost for monitoring one of the lower terrestrial deformations. Specifically, the system has a high-speed data acquisition and is easy to use. Thus, the present system provides continuous remote monitoring of small changes in terrestrial deformation that occur instantaneously without interfering with terrestrial structures.

Accordingly, the present invention has been shown and described with respect to the preferred embodiments of the invention Certain changes in the form and configuration of the components may be made in the context of the basic concepts or principles of the invention in the scope of the claims.

100‧‧‧ Surface Radar Profile Survey System

101‧‧‧Baseband Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Subsystem

103‧‧‧Radar Timing Controller (RTC)

105‧‧‧Signal Synthesizer

110‧‧‧Scan Subsystem/Scan Platform

115‧‧‧ data logger

120‧‧‧Record database

125‧‧‧Processor System

147‧‧‧Multi-band transmit antenna

155‧‧‧ Radio Frequency (RF) Transceiver Subsystem

160‧‧‧Scanning components/embedded scanning controller

165‧‧‧Power/Power Management Module

560‧‧‧Communication network

Claims (35)

A multi-band reconfigurable subsurface radar profile surveying system for ground surface and subsurface monitoring, the system comprising: a baseband synthetic aperture radar (SAR) subsystem for generating, receiving and processing in a digital form a radar signal; a radio frequency (RF) transmitter and receiver (transceiver) subsystem for transmitting and receiving a plurality of waves, the radio frequency (RF) transceiver subsystem electrically coupled to the baseband SAR subsystem; a subsystem comprising one of scanning components for ground surface and subsurface monitoring, the scanning subsystem electrically coupled to the baseband SAR subsystem and a radio frequency (RF) transceiver subsystem; and a power source including for providing power To one of the power management modules of the system. The radar profile survey system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises: a reconfigurable baseband signal synthesizer for generating the desired radar waveforms and timing and control signals; and a data logger for receiving and Recording incoming radar signal data in a database; and an embedded synthetic aperture radar (SAR) processor subsystem for processing the radar signal data in real time. The radar profile survey system of claim 2, wherein the embedded radar processor subsystem comprises: a dual channel analog to digital converter (ADC) for causing a plurality of received FMCW intermediate frequency (IF) signals Converting to a digital sample; a field programmable gate array (FPGA) range correlator for transforming the incoming samples into 1D compressed range domain samples; A field programmable gate array (FPGA) position correlator for transforming a plurality of compressed range domain samples into a plurality of 2D compressed azimuthal domain samples. The radar profile surveying system of claim 2, wherein the signal synthesizer subsystem is a field programmable gate array (FPGA) digital signal synthesizer. The radar profile surveying system of claim 4, wherein the signal synthesizer comprises an input module, a digital logic module, and at least one digital to analog converter reconfigurable baseband digital signal synthesizer. The radar profile survey system of claim 5, wherein the input module comprises a reference clock and a sequence interface. The radar profile survey system of claim 5, wherein the digital logic module comprises: a plurality of internal registers, which are used to provide recombination capability; a direct digital synthesizer (DDS) core; a frequency profile generator Which is used to generate one of the required tuning words of the DDS core and to generate a desired baseband output signal; a finite state machine (FSM) for synchronizing the operational sequence of the signal synthesizer; a timing control unit (TCU), The method is configured to generate a plurality of clock signals, the TCU is electrically connected to the reference clock of the input module, and a clock divider is configured to allocate the plurality of clock signals, wherein the desired baseband output signal is Converting the at least one digit to the analog converter into a digital format of the analog format. The radar profile surveying system of claim 1, wherein the RF RF transceiver subsystem comprises a multi-band antenna and a radio frequency (RF) transceiver electrically coupled to the baseband synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ) Subsystem. The radar profile survey system of claim 8, wherein the radio frequency (RF) transceiver subsystem is a multi-band, highly linear, and low-phase noise modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar system. The radar profile survey system of claim 8, wherein the radio frequency (RF) transceiver subsystem comprises a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) channel. The radar profile survey system of claim 10, wherein the radio frequency (RF) transceiver subsystem further comprises: a high resolution ramp generator phase locked loop (PLL) for providing a highly linear FMCW waveform; a wideband voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) in which a VCO output phase is fed into a programmable fractional frequency divider; and a frequency multiplier for expanding a frequency range by at least one factor to provide One of the multi-band reconfigurable sweeps in one of the range of 2000 MHz to approximately 24,000 MHz; wherein the output of the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is highly linear and a low phase noise FMCW waveform, and the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) The center frequency of the output can be programmed in one of a wide frequency band in the range of about 500 megahertz to about 6000 megahertz. The radar profile survey system of claim 11, wherein the phase locked loop (PLL) comprises a low noise phase frequency detector, and the low noise phase frequency detector compares the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) phase The voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is adjusted with a reference phase to maintain at least one phase. The radar profile survey system of claim 12, wherein the radio frequency (RF) transceiver subsystem further comprises: a high power amplifier (HPA) for amplifying the frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) signal, and the FMCW signal passes a multi-band transmit antenna for transmitting; a receive antenna for receiving a return signal; a low noise amplifier (LNA) for amplifying the return signal; and a quadrature mixer for mixing the Incoming received signal and a transmitted signal a portion is down-converted into an intermediate frequency (IF) signal, and the intermediate frequency (IF) signal is converted by the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) into a plurality of digital samples and stored in the data logger 115 for processing; The frequency modulated one of the frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) signals can be digitally reconfigured with high linearity and low phase noise, such as from a low microwave frequency selected from the UHF, L, and S bands, across a multi-band frequency. To a plurality of high microwave frequencies selected from the C, X, and Ku bands. The radar profile survey system of claim 13, wherein the radio frequency (RF) transceiver subsystem further comprises a radio frequency (RF) mixer for mixing the intermediate frequency (IF) signal with a transmitter chain A frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) chirp signal is formed to form a baseband signal. The radar profile survey system of claim 12, wherein the radio frequency (RF) transceiver subsystem further comprises an intermediate frequency (IF) amplifier and a filter for signal conditioning of the baseband signal. The radar profile survey system of claim 1, wherein the scanning component of the scanning subsystem further comprises a 3D synthetic aperture radar (SAR) scanner for measuring in a vertical and a horizontal direction to generate a subsurface profile Figure and an interferogram. The radar profile survey system of claim 16, wherein the SAR scanner is a motorized dual axis scanner for scanning in both directions. The radar profile survey system of claim 1, wherein the scan subsystem further comprises a scan platform comprising an embedded controller for motor control. The radar profile survey system of claim 18, wherein the embedded controller is electrically coupled to the signal synthesizer. The radar profile survey system of claim 1, wherein the power source is an electromechanical power source. The radar profile surveying system of claim 1, wherein the power source is a solar power source. The radar profile survey system of claim 21, wherein the solar power source comprises: a plurality of solar panels; a charge controller electrically coupled to the at least one solar panel; and a battery for powering the scanning member a battery electrically coupled to the charge controller to control charging of the battery; a DC-AC power converter electrically coupled to the battery; and at least one designated electrical load device electrically coupled to the DC-AC power conversion The charging controller is connected in parallel to the plurality of solar panels. The radar profile survey system of claim 2, wherein the radar profile survey system further comprises a remote data control and capture system. The radar profile surveying system of claim 23, wherein the remote data control and retrieval system comprises: a graphical user interface (GUI) module; a single board computer for installing and executing the GUI module The single board computer includes a processing module to execute an instruction set to collect real-time radar data from the scanning component and transmit the collected data to the embedded radar processing subsystem via a communication network; a data machine Connected to the single board computer; at least one environmental sensor for determining environmental conditions; and a power source for providing power to the remote data control and retrieval system. The radar profile survey system of claim 23, wherein the data machine is a GSM modem. A method for monitoring a ground surface and a secondary surface by using a radar system, the method comprising the steps of: transmitting a plurality of signals to complete scanning of one of the regions, each scanning comprising transmitting a frequency modulated continuous wave of a plurality of carrier frequencies a sequence of one of the (FMCW) signals; Determining whether the scan is a new scan of one of the regions; processing a plurality of echo signals received in response to respective ones of the plurality of signals and storing the data as data, wherein each scan includes establishing a plurality of digit files; Converting the data into a plurality of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images; and storing each synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image; and determining whether the stored synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image is one of the regions of the new synthetic aperture radar (SAR) )image. The method of claim 26, wherein the stored synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image is a new synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image of the region, the method further comprising the step of: imaging the plurality of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images Each of the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images performs interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) processing and updates the changes in one of the regions. The method of claim 26, wherein the step of processing and storing the echo signal comprises: establishing a data hierarchy by storing the digitized data in a folder of date and time information tags; and in two lines format Configuring the data for each frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) signal comprising a first line for one of the I channels (in phase) and a second line for one of the Q channels (quadrature phase), wherein the data Configured based on a number of parameters. The method of claim 26, wherein the step of converting the data into a plurality of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images comprises: extracting the data from each of the plurality of files; converting the original data to be used for each a time-series signal; performing range compression by converting the FMCW signal to the frequency domain and changing the frequency to a range scale; calculating a desired composite length for focusing and performing zero-padding in the azimuth domain; Calculating the range signal reference and performing quadratic range compression in the 2D frequency domain; calculating the azimuth signal reference and performing azimuth compression in the range Doppler domain; converting each signal to the spatial domain; and reducing for specific observation of a region of interest Image size. The method of claim 27, wherein the step of performing interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) processing on each of the plurality of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images comprises: from the database 撷Take a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image and update an amplitude dispersion index (ADI); select permanent scatterers (PS) and PS candidates (PSC) based on ADI and update the PS/PSC network; update the observed variance and based on observation The variance calculates the divergence index; performs 2D spatial expansion; uses the Kalman filter to calculate the probability of divergence and updates the spatial expansion solution; and determines whether an optimal solution has been found. The method of claim 29, wherein the method further comprises the steps of: spatially integrating the permanent scatterer (PS), and generating an interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) image. A method for acquiring data by a radar timing controller (RTC) and a high speed analog to digital converter (ADC), the method comprising the steps of: obtaining analog to digital by the radar timing controller (RTC) The converter (ADC) controls the processing and initiates a data acquisition procedure; waits for a signal to be triggered from one of the external timing control units; and samples the analog to digital converter (ADC) at a specified clock rate and number of samples. The method of claim 32, wherein the method further comprises the step of simultaneously sampling the signals at both the I channel and the Q channel with each trigger. The method of claim 26, wherein the plurality of carrier frequencies are selected from the group consisting of a plurality of high frequency microwaves consisting of C, X, and Ku frequency bands, a plurality of low frequency microwaves consisting of UHF, L, and S frequency bands, and combinations thereof a group. A method for monitoring a natural disaster in a potentially hazardous area by using a radar profile measurement system, the method comprising the steps of: installing the radar system on a fixed platform remote from the potentially hazardous area; Performing periodic monitoring at a predefined time interval; generating a 3D image of a scene with high-precision change detection capability; and transmitting the 3D image to a data center and/or a monitoring mechanism via a wireless network.