TW201619359A - Liquid crystal composition - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal composition has a high elastic constant while showing excellent general physical properties, and therefore, it is very suitable for a horizontal electric-field mode liquid crystal display device with high brightness.

Description

Liquid crystal composition

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition.

Liquid crystal display (LCD) devices have been widely used in various electronic devices, measuring devices, automotive panels, word processors, notebook computers, printers, computers, or televisions, as well as watches and electronic computers. The operating modes of the liquid crystal include TN, Twist nematic, Super-twisted nematic (STN), IPS, In-plane switching, FFS, Fringe field Switching), vertical alignment (VA, Vertical alignment), etc.

A single liquid crystal compound used in a liquid crystal display device has a molecular weight of about 200 to 600 g/mol and a rod-like molecular structure. In general, the molecular structure of a liquid crystal compound is composed of a core group that maintains its flatness, a terminal group having flexibility, and a linkage group having a specific use. . The physical properties of the liquid crystal compound and the composition containing the liquid crystal compound are controlled by changing the kind of the substituent introduced into the terminal group. Specifically, a flexible chain group (alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, etc.) is introduced at one end or both ends to ensure flexibility, or a polar group (fluoro group (F), cyano group ( CN), trifluoromethoxy (OCF ₃ ), etc.) are introduced at either or both ends to control physical properties such as dielectric constant.

The above liquid crystal compound used in a liquid crystal display device must have conditions such as low voltage driving, high reaction speed, and a wide applicable temperature range. In order to operate stably over a wide temperature range, in particular, the liquid crystal material must exhibit stable general physical properties (low temperature stability) at a temperature of about -20 ° C or lower and must have a high clearing point. . For low voltage driving and high reaction speed, the liquid crystal material must also have a dielectric anisotropy with a high absolute value, a low rotational viscosity, and a suitable elastic constant (K ₁₁ , K ₂₂ , K ₃₃ average values). ).

It is difficult to satisfy the physical properties required for such a liquid crystal material using only one or two liquid crystal compounds. In general, it is necessary to mix 7 to 20 liquid crystal compounds to satisfy desired physical properties.

At the same time, such as IPS (In-plane switching), Plane line switching (PLS), Fringe field switching (FFS), Advanced super dimension switching (ADS) In the horizontal electric field mode liquid crystal display device, the brightness is increased by increasing the elastic constant. However, while meeting the physical properties required for various liquid crystal materials, it is difficult to further enhance specific physical properties.

[Question to be solved]

It is an object of the invention to provide a liquid crystal composition.

Hereinafter, a liquid crystal composition according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

A liquid crystal composition according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises, as a first component, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following Chemical Formulas 1 to 3; and the second chemical component selected from the following chemical formulas One or more compounds of the group consisting of the compounds shown in 4; and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds of the following Chemical Formula 5 as the third component.

[Chemical Formula 1] [Chemical Formula 2] [Chemical Formula 3] [Chemical Formula 4] [Chemical Formula 5]

Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ and R ⁵ are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms;

R ⁴ is any one of an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and an alkenyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.

X ¹ and X ³ are each independently -H, -F, -CF ₃ , -OCF ₃ or -OCF ₂ CF=CF ₂ , X ² is -F, -CF ₃ , -OCF ₃ or -OCF ₂ CF= CF ₂ ,

A ¹ and A ² are each independently , , , , or .

The first component of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by Chemical Formulas 1 to 3 provides a liquid crystal composition having a high elastic constant while exhibiting excellent general physical properties.

According to an embodiment, the liquid crystal composition may include one or more compounds of the compounds represented by Chemical Formulas 1 to 3 as the first component. That is, the liquid crystal composition may include, as a first component, a compound of Chemical Formula 1; a compound of Chemical Formula 2; a compound of Chemical Formula 3; a compound of Chemical Formula 1 and a compound of Chemical Formula 2; The compound and the compound of Chemical Formula 3; the compound of Chemical Formula 1 and the compound of Chemical Formula 3; or the compound of Chemical Formula 1, the compound of Chemical Formula 2, and the compound of Chemical Formula 3 are all shown.

For example, the liquid crystal composition may include, as a first component, a compound of Chemical Formula 3; a compound of Chemical Formula 1 and a compound of Chemical Formula 3; or a compound of Chemical Formula 1, a compound of Chemical Formula 2, and a chemical formula. All of the compounds shown in 3. This combination provides a liquid crystal composition having a high elastic constant while exhibiting excellent general physical properties.

More specifically, if the liquid crystal composition includes, as the first component, the compound of Chemical Formula 1 and the compound of Chemical Formula 3, which may include the compound of Chemical Formula 1 in a weight ratio of 1:0.3 to 1:3 and The compound of Chemical Formula 3. If the amount of the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 is higher than the above ratio, the sharpness may be lowered, and if the amount of the compound represented by Chemical Formula 3 is higher than the above ratio, the rotational viscosity may be increased. On the other hand, when the compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 and the compound of Chemical Formula 3 are used in the above ratio, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal composition in which the sharp point and the rotational viscosity are maintained at an excellent level while exhibiting a high elastic constant.

Further, if the liquid crystal composition includes, as the first component, the compound of Chemical Formulas 1 to 3, which may include a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 in a weight ratio of 1:0.8:0.8 to 1:1.5:1.5, and Chemical Formula 2 The compound and the compound of Chemical Formula 3 are shown. If the amount of the compound of Chemical Formula 2 and Chemical Formula 3 is higher than the above ratio, it may cause an increase in the rotational viscosity. However, if the amount of the compound of Chemical Formulas 1 to 3 is within the above ratio, it is possible to provide a high-definition point while exhibiting A liquid crystal composition having a low rotational viscosity. Further, if the same ratio of the compound of Chemical Formula 2 and Chemical Formula 3 is used, the low-temperature stability can be further improved.

On the other hand, in Chemical Formula 1 is any of the groups R ¹ may be an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms in the. Furthermore, in Chemical Formula 2 is any of the groups R ² may be an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms in the.

According to the liquid crystal composition of one embodiment, the content of the first component may be from about 3 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition. When the content of the first component is within the above range, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal composition exhibiting excellent low-temperature stability and high elastic constant. In particular, the content of the first component is controlled to 5 to 25 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition, thereby further improving low-temperature stability. The "100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition" as used herein means that the total weight of the liquid crystal compound contained in the liquid crystal composition is 100 parts by weight.

The second component of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds of Chemical Formula 4 provides a high elastic constant which is maintained by the first component and exhibits low viscosity and high refractive index anisotropy Refractive index anisotropy and dielectric anisotropic liquid crystal composition.

With respect to the characteristics of the group, R ³ in Chemical Formula 4 may be any one of the alkyl groups having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and R ⁴ may be an alkyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms and an alkyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms. Any group in the group. More specifically, R ³ may be ethyl or propyl, and R ⁴ may be vinyl (ethenyl) or propenyl.

According to an embodiment of the liquid crystal composition, the content of the second component may be from about 10 to 80 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition. When the content of the second component is within the above range, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal composition having low viscosity and high dielectric anisotropy and refractive index anisotropy to achieve a high reaction rate. In particular, the content of the second component is controlled to 25 to 60 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition, the rotational viscosity is optimized, thereby achieving a higher reaction speed, and further improving the sharpness and Low temperature stability.

The third component of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds of Chemical Formula 5 also contributes to maintaining the high elastic constant obtained by the first component and the general physical properties of various liquid crystal compositions. Maintained at an excellent level.

The compound of Chemical Formula 5 may be one or more compounds selected from the following structural formulas:

[Structure 5-1] [Structure 5-2] [Structure 5-3] [Structure 5-4] [Structure 5-5] [Structure 5-6] [Structure 5-7] [Structure 5-8] [Structure 5-9] [Structure 5-10]

Wherein R ⁵ is the same as defined in Chemical Formula 5.

More specifically, R ⁵ in the above structural formula may each independently be any one of the alkyl groups having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.

If the compound selected from the previously disclosed structural formula is used as the third component, the sharpness and the refractive index anisotropy can be more significantly improved.

The content of the third component may be from about 3 to 80 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition. When the content of the third component is within the above range, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal composition exhibiting high definition dots and high dielectric anisotropy. In particular, the content of the third component is controlled to 3 to 50 parts by weight or about 5 to 35 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition, further improving dielectric anisotropy and refractive index anisotropy. Optimized to provide a liquid crystal display that exhibits excellent performance.

Meanwhile, the liquid crystal composition according to an embodiment may further include, as the fourth component, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by the following Chemical Formula 6, and/or as the fifth component selected from the following One or more compounds of the group consisting of the compounds represented by Chemical Formula 7 to achieve excellent physical properties of the liquid crystal display:

[Chemical Formula 6]

Wherein R ⁶ is any one of an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms;

X ⁴ to X ³ and X ⁸ are each independently -H, -F, -CF ₃ , -OCF ₃ or -OCF ₂ CF=CF ₂ ,

X ⁷ is -F, -CF ₃ , -OCF ₃ or -OCF ₂ CF=CF ₂ ,

Z ¹ is a single bond, -CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -C ₂ F ₄ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CF ₂ O- or -OCF ₂ -,

B ¹ and B ² are each independently , , , , or .

[Chemical Formula 7]

Wherein R ⁷ and R ⁸ are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms;

Z ² and Z ³ are each independently a single bond, -CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -C ₂ F ₄ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CF ₂ O- or -OCF ₂ -, and

D ¹ to D ³ are each independently , , or .

If the liquid crystal composition further includes the fourth component and/or the fifth component, it is easy to control the threshold voltage and the phase difference of the liquid crystal display device. In particular, the fourth component is advantageous for controlling the better the dielectric anisotropy, and the fifth component is useful for optimizing the product defined as the cell gap and the refractive index anisotropy. Phase difference.

Specifically, the fourth component can be exemplified by a compound selected from the following structural formula:

[Structure 6-1] [Structure 6-2] [Structure 6-3] [Structure 6-4] [Structure 6-5] [Structure 6-6] [Structure 6-7] [Structure 6-8] [Structure 6-9] [Structure 6-10] [Structure 6-11] [Structure 6-12] [Structure 6-13] [Structure 6-14] [Structure 6-15] [Structure 6-16] [Structure 6-17] [Structure 6-18]

Wherein R ⁶ and X ⁷ are the same as defined in Chemical Formula 6.

More specifically, in the above formula, R ⁶ may each independently be any one of C 2 to 5 alkyl groups, and X ⁷ may independently be -F or -OCF ₂ CF= CF ₂ .

The content of the fourth component may be from about 3 to 70 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition. When the content of the fourth component is within the above range, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal composition exhibiting high definition dots and high dielectric anisotropy. In particular, the content of the fourth component is controlled to be about 3 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition, whereby the low-temperature stability is maintained at an excellent level and the sharpness is improved.

If the liquid crystal composition according to an embodiment further includes the fifth component, sharp points can be improved and refractive index anisotropy can be optimized. Specifically, the fifth component can be exemplified by a compound selected from the following structural formula:

[Structure 7-1] [Structure 7-2] [Structure 7-3]

Wherein R ⁷ and R ⁸ are the same as those defined in Chemical Formula 7.

More specifically, in the above formula, R ⁷ may be any one of an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms and an alkenyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and R ⁸ may be a carbon number of 1 to 4 Any of the alkyl groups.

The content of the fifth component may be from about 3 to 70 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition. When the content of the fifth component is within the above range, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal composition exhibiting high definition dots and high dielectric anisotropy. In particular, the content of the fifth component is controlled to be about 3 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition, whereby the low-temperature stability is maintained to an excellent degree and the sharpness point and the refractive index anisotropy are improved.

For example, the liquid crystal composition according to an embodiment may include all of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth components described above, thereby exhibiting various excellent general physical properties and high elastic constants.

Meanwhile, in addition to the liquid crystal compound, the liquid crystal composition may further include various additives generally used in the art to which the present invention pertains.

Specifically, the liquid crystal composition may further include an antioxidant. The antioxidant may be exemplified by an antioxidant selected from the group consisting of the following Chemical Formulas 8 and 9:

[Chemical Formula 8] [Chemical Formula 9]

Wherein R ¹⁹ and R ²⁰ each independently represent any one of hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and an alkoxy group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, or by -C≡C-, - a group prepared by CH=CH-, -CF ₂ O-, -O-, -COO- or -OCO-substituted one or more -CH ₂ - to avoid direct bonding with an oxygen atom Or a group prepared by halogenating one or more hydrogens in the group, and

A ¹³ is cyclohexylene, tetrahydropyranylene, or dioxanylene.

Further, the liquid crystal composition may further include an ultraviolet light stabilizer. The aforementioned ultraviolet light stabilizer may be a Hindered amine light stabilizer (Hals). Non-limiting examples of the ultraviolet light stabilizer may include an ultraviolet light stabilizer selected from the group consisting of the compounds of the following Chemical Formula 10 and Chemical Formula 11:

[Chemical Formula 10]

Wherein R ²³ and R ²⁴ are each independently hydrogen, oxygen, or an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms and an alkoxy group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, or by -C≡C- a group prepared by one or more -CH ₂ - groups of -CH=CH-, -CF ₂ O-, -O-, -COO- or -OCO-, to avoid direct contact with oxygen atoms Bonding, or a group made by halogenating one or more hydrogens in the group, and

q is an integer from 0 to 12.

[Chemical Formula 11]

Wherein R ²⁵ is any one of hydrogen, oxygen, or an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms and an alkoxy group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, or by making -C≡C-, -CH=CH- _{, -CF 2 O -, - O} -, - COO- or -OCO- groups of one or more -CH ₂ - groups was prepared, in order to avoid an oxygen atom is directly bonded; or by a group prepared by one or more hydrogens in a halogen-substituted group, and

d is an integer from 0 to 12.

The antioxidant and/or ultraviolet light stabilizer may be used in an amount of from about 1 to 2,000 ppm or from about 200 to 500 ppm based on the total weight of the liquid crystal composition.

Further, if the liquid crystal composition is for use in an STN type or TN type liquid crystal display device, a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 12 may be further added to the liquid crystal composition to realize a helical structure:

[Chemical Formula 12]

The compound of Chemical Formula 12 can be used in an amount of about 0.01 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition, whereby the desired pitch can be easily achieved.

By combining the liquid crystal compounds, the liquid crystal composition according to an embodiment can exhibit a sharp point of 70 ° C or higher and a refractive index anisotropy of 0.08 or higher. In particular, the liquid crystal composition is defined as (K ₁₁ + K ₂₂ + K ₃₃ ) / 3 (K average, K _{22 is} defined as K ₁₁ / 1.5), and the average elastic constant is about 13 or higher, about 13 to 16, It is about 13.5 to 16, about 14 to 16, or about 15 to 16. Further, the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal composition measured at 1 kHz and 20 ° C may be about 4 or higher, about 4.5 or higher, or about 5 or higher.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be used for an active matrix liquid crystal display (AM-LCD) or a passive array liquid crystal display (Passive Matrix-LCD), and can be used for a twisted nematic type (TN, Twist nematic). , Super-twisted nematic (STN), In-plane switching (IPS), Fringe field switching (FFS), Plane line switching (PLS), high Various liquid crystal display devices such as performance IPS (AH-IPS, advanced high-performance IPS), advanced super-dimensional field switching (ADS), or polymer sustained alignment (PSA).

Since the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a high elastic constant, a liquid crystal display device for horizontal electric field mode (IPS, FFS, PLS, ADS) can be provided, thereby providing a liquid crystal display device having high luminance.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal composition is provided. The liquid crystal composition can be applied to a liquid crystal display device by various methods known in the art to which the present invention pertains. Further, the liquid crystal display device can be manufactured into various types of liquid crystal display devices as described above.

[efficacy]

The liquid crystal composition according to an embodiment of the present invention can have a high elastic constant while exhibiting excellent general physical properties, thereby providing a horizontal electric field mode liquid crystal display device having high luminance.

Hereinafter, the action and efficacy of the present invention will be further described in detail through specific examples. However, the examples are for illustrative purposes only and the invention is not limited to such examples.

The physical properties of the liquid crystal compositions prepared in the examples and comparative examples were evaluated in accordance with the following methods. Unless otherwise stated, the physical properties of the liquid crystal composition were evaluated without adding other additives to the liquid crystal compositions prepared in the examples and the comparative examples.

(1) Clear point (Tni)

A drop of the liquid crystal composition to be measured sharply was dropped onto the glass slide using a dropper, and then the cover glass was covered to prepare a sample for clear spot measurement.

The aforementioned sample was placed in a device equipped with a temperature controller of the model METTLER TOLEDO FP90, and then the sample was observed while raising the temperature at a rate of 3 ° C (3 ° C/min) per minute using the hot stage of the model FP82HT. Variety. The temperature at which the holes were generated in the sample was recorded, and the foregoing procedure was repeated three times to calculate an average value. This value is determined as the sharp point of the liquid crystal composition.

(2) Refractive index anisotropy (∆n)

The refractive index anisotropy of the liquid crystal composition was measured by using an Abbe refractometer equipped with a polarizing plate attached to an eyepiece at 20 ° C using light having a wavelength of 589 nm. One surface of the main crucible is wiped in the same direction, and then the liquid crystal composition as a measuring object is dropped onto the main crucible. When the direction of the polarized light is parallel to the wiping direction, the refractive index coefficient (n∥) is measured. When the direction of the polarized light is perpendicular to the wiping direction, the refractive index coefficient (n⊥) is measured. The refractive index coefficient obtained in the foregoing is substituted into Equation 1 to calculate the refractive index anisotropy (∆n).

[Equation 1] ∆n=n∥-n⊥

(3) Dielectric anisotropy (∆ε)

The ε∥ and ε⊥ measured as follows are substituted into Equation 2 to calculate the dielectric anisotropy (∆ε) of the liquid crystal composition.

[Equation 2] ∆ε=ε∥-ε⊥

1 Measurement of dielectric constant ε :: A vertical alignment agent was applied to the surface of two glass substrates on which an indium tin oxide (ITO) pattern was formed to form a vertical alignment film. The two vertical alignment films are disposed face to face and a spacer is mounted on one of the two glass substrates to form a distance of 4 μm (liquid crystal gap) between the two glass substrates, and then two glass substrates are assembled. A liquid crystal composition as a measuring object was injected into the apparatus, followed by sealing with an ultraviolet light hardenable adhesive. Thereafter, the device's dielectric constant (ε∥) was measured using an Agilent Model 4294A device at 1 kHz, 0.3 V, and 20 °C.

2 Measurement of dielectric constant ε :: A horizontal alignment agent was applied to the surface of two glass substrates on which an indium tin oxide pattern was formed to form a horizontal alignment film. The two horizontal alignment films are disposed face to face and a spacer is mounted on one of the two glass substrates to form a distance of 4 μm (liquid crystal gap) between the two glass substrates, and then two glass substrates are assembled. A liquid crystal composition as a measuring object was injected into the apparatus, followed by sealing with an ultraviolet light hardenable adhesive. Thereafter, the device's dielectric constant (ε⊥) was measured using an Agilent Model 4294A device at 1 kHz, 0.3 V, and 20 °C.

(4) Rotational viscosity (γ)

A horizontal alignment agent is applied to the surface of two glass substrates on which an indium tin oxide pattern is formed to form a horizontal alignment film. The two horizontal alignment films are disposed face to face and a spacer is mounted on one of the two glass substrates to form a distance of 20 μm (liquid crystal gap) between the two glass substrates, and then two glass substrates are assembled. The liquid crystal composition was injected into the apparatus and then sealed with an ultraviolet light curable adhesive. Thereafter, the rotational viscosity of the device was measured at 20 ° C using a device of Toyo Corp. Model 6254 equipped with a temperature controller (model Model SU-241) manufactured by ESPEC.

(5) Elastic constant (K ₁₁ , K ₂₂ , K ₃₃ , K average)

The same apparatus as that manufactured by measuring the rotational viscosity was prepared. A voltage of 0 V to 20 V was applied to the aforementioned device, and the elastic constant was measured by the change in capacitance. Here, the value of (K ₁₁ + K ₂₂ + K ₃₃ ) / 3 is defined as the K average value, and the value of K ₁₁ / 1.5 is defined as the value of K ₂₂ .

Examples and comparative examples: preparation of liquid crystal composition

The liquid crystal compounds used in the examples and comparative examples are represented by codes. The code of the ring constituting the core group of the liquid crystal compound is sequentially written from the left side, the code of the linking group linking the ring of the core group is sequentially written, and the code of the terminal group is written on the right side. Here, the linking group between the rings of the core group is not given any label. However, a "-" is given between the core group and the terminal group, and " _‧ " is given between the two terminal groups. The individual codes for the materials are summarized in Table 1 below.

【Table 1】

Referring to Table 1, the following codes represent liquid crystal compounds having the following structures.

ACE-3.F:

ACEXE-3.F:

BB-3.V:

BB-3.U1:

The liquid crystal compositions of Examples 1 to 15 and the liquid crystal compositions of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were prepared in accordance with the compositions of the following Tables 2 and 4. The physical properties of the liquid crystal composition were evaluated and the results are shown in Tables 2 to 4.

【Table 2】

【table 3】

【Table 4】

Referring to Tables 2 to 3, since the liquid crystal compositions of Examples 1 to 15 contained the first component to the third component, they all exhibited a high elastic constant average value (K average) of 13.5 to 15.4. Referring to Table 4, conversely, since the liquid crystal compositions of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 did not contain the first component, they exhibited a low elastic constant average value of 12.0 to 12.8. Therefore, it can be confirmed that by combining the liquid crystal compounds of an embodiment of the present invention, a liquid crystal composition having excellent general physical properties and high elastic constant can be provided.

Claims (15)

A liquid crystal composition comprising: one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by the following Chemical Formulas 1 to 3 as a first component; and a compound selected from the following Chemical Formula 4 as a second component One or more compounds of the constituent group; and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds of the following Chemical Formula 5 as the third component; [Chemical Formula 1] [Chemical Formula 2] [Chemical Formula 3] [Chemical Formula 4] [Chemical Formula 5] Wherein R ¹ , R ² , R ³ and R ⁵ are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and R ⁴ is a carbon number of 1 to Any one of an alkyl group of 4, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and an alkenyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms; and X ¹ and X ³ are each independently -H, -F, -CF ₃ , - OCF ₃ or -OCF ₂ CF=CF ₂ ; X ² is -F, -CF ₃ , -OCF ₃ or -OCF ₂ CF=CF ₂ ; A ¹ and A ² are each independently , , , , or . The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal composition comprises the compound of Chemical Formula 3 as the first component; the compound of Chemical Formula 1 and the compound of Chemical Formula 3; or the compound of Chemical Formula 1, Chemical Formula 2; The compound shown and the compound of Chemical Formula 3. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, which comprises a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a compound of Chemical Formula 3 in a weight ratio of 1:0.3 to 1:3. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, which comprises a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, a compound represented by Chemical Formula 2, and a compound of Chemical Formula 3 in a weight ratio of 1:0.8:0.8 to 1:1.5:1.5. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein R ¹ in Chemical Formula 1 is any ^one of alkyl groups having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein R ² in Chemical Formula 2 is any one of alkyl groups having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein, in Chemical Formula 4, R ³ is any one of alkyl groups having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and R ⁴ is an alkyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms and carbon number. Any group of 2 to 3 alkenyl groups. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the compound represented by Chemical Formula 5 is selected from the following structural formula: [Structure 5-1] [Structure 5-2] [Structure 5-3] [Structure 5-4] [Structure 5-5] [Structure 5-6] [Structure 5-7] [Structure 5-8] [Structure 5-9] [Structure 5-10] Wherein R ⁵ each independently is any one of an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal composition comprises 3 to 30 parts by weight of the first component, and 10 to 80 parts by weight of the second component based on 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition. a component, and 3 to 80 parts by weight of the third component. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal composition further comprises, as a fourth component, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following Chemical Formula 6: [Chemical Formula 6] Wherein R ⁶ is any one of an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and X ⁴ to X ³ and X ⁸ are each independently -H, -F, -CF ₃ , -OCF ₃ or -OCF ₂ CF=CF ₂ ; X ⁷ is -F, -CF ₃ , -OCF ₃ or -OCF ₂ CF=CF ₂ ; Z ¹ is a single bond, -CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -C ₂ F ₄ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CF ₂ O- or -OCF ₂ -; and B ¹ and B ² are each independently , , , , or . The liquid crystal composition according to claim 10, wherein the compound represented by Chemical Formula 6 is selected from the following structural formula: [Structure 6-1] [Structure 6-2] [Structure 6-3] [Structure 6-4] [Structure 6-5] [Structure 6-6] [Structure 6-7] [Structure 6-8] [Structure 6-9] [Structure 6-10] [Structure 6-11] [Structure 6-12] [Structure 6-13] [Structure 6-14] [Structure 6-15] [Structure 6-16] [Structure 6-17] [Structure 6-18] Wherein R ⁶ is any one of an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and X ⁷ is -F, -CF ₃ , -OCF ₃ or -OCF ₂ CF= CF ₂ . The liquid crystal composition according to claim 10, wherein the liquid crystal composition contains 3 to 70 parts by weight of the fourth component based on 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal composition further comprises, as a fifth component, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by the following Chemical Formula 7: [Chemical Formula 7] Wherein R ⁷ and R ⁸ are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms; each of Z ² and Z ^{3 ;} Independently a single bond, -CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -C ₂ F ₄ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CF ₂ O- or -OCF ₂ -; and D ¹ to D ³ are each independently , , or . The liquid crystal composition according to claim 13, wherein the compound represented by Chemical Formula 7 is selected from the following structural formula: [Structure 7-1] [Structure 7-2] [Structure 7-3] Wherein R ⁷ and R ⁸ are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and an alkenyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 13, wherein the liquid crystal composition contains 3 to 70 parts by weight of the fifth component based on 100 parts by weight of the liquid crystal composition.