TW201539839A - A production method by use diatom structures in dye-sensitized solar cell - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses the solar cells are manufactured by incorporating a biological structure. The diatom frustules are mixed with the commercially available titanium dioxide slurry after filtered and centrifuged. Then the dye-sensitized solar cells are manufactured by spin coating process. The biological structures have micron-frustules and nano-holes. Thus the solar cells include biological structures can increase the surface roughness and optical haze. The solar cells photocurrent are improved when the injection of light into dye-sensitized solar cells.

Description

Method for preparing dye-sensitized solar cell by using algae structure

The present invention relates to a solar cell and a method of making the same, and more particularly to a dye-sensitized solar cell produced by spin coating.

As global climate change, air pollution, and limited resources become more serious, people's demand for energy has increased. In the use of renewable energy, solar energy sources are inexhaustible and clean energy, which is one of the best ways to solve the above problems. There are several kinds of solar cells currently under development, including semiconductor materials such as twin, III-V, II-VI, etc.; however, the conversion efficiency of thin-film-organic solar cells actively researched in recent years is not high, but the film type Solar cells use only a very thin layer of optoelectronic material, which is used in very small materials and can be used with soft substrates. In 1991, M. Grätzel and O'Regan proposed a new type of solar cell called dye-sensitized solar cell, whose components contain a porous semiconductor electrode-titanium dioxide film coated on the surface of the porous electrode. Dye molecules, electrolytes and counter electrodes. Compared with the conventional twin solar cell, the process is simple and the cost is low. In recent years, the development and research of porous membrane electrodes, high-efficiency dyes, electrolytes, and flexible substrates have shown the potential and applicability of dye-sensitized solar cells, and the future of dye-sensitized solar cells. Will flourish and research.

Although the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells has exceeded 10%. The anode of the battery in its component contains There is still room for improvement in conductive glass, titanium dioxide semiconductor thin films, and dye molecules adsorbed on the surface of titanium dioxide. The experiments were confirmed with reference to researchers at Oregon State University and Portland State University. A tiny seaweed called 'diatom' helps to increase the power output of dye-sensitized solar cells. Researchers at Oregon State University and Portland State University use a method of feeding algae to grow algae, which allows the titanium dioxide structure to grow around the shell wall of the algae shell and is used in dye-sensitized solar cells. Increasing the light and increasing the efficiency, but the time of feeding and breeding in the time is nearly 100 hours, the structure of the titanium dioxide can be grown around the algae shell, so the pre-operation is too long. In view of the above, the present invention can efficiently produce a dye-sensitized solar cell by mixing the algae shell and the titanium dioxide slurry by using a method of incorporation into the algae shell and mixing and coating, and in the present invention, A manufacturing method for improving the output of a dye-sensitized solar cell.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a dye-sensitized solar cell, which is doped to the algae shell in the semiconductor layer, which is used as a mixed adsorption of the semiconductor layer and has a porous structure, which effectively improves the surface roughness and is advantageous. In the reflection and scattering of light, the bounce and capture of photons in the photoelectrode doped with the algae shell can improve the efficiency output of the dye-sensitized solar cell.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a dye-sensitized solar cell comprising a first conductive glass, a second conductive glass, a semiconductor layer, a conductive layer, a sensitizing dye, and an electrolyte layer. The conductive surfaces of the first conductive glass and the second conductive glass are bonded to each other, and the semiconductor layer is doped with the algae shell, and is disposed on the conductive surface of the first conductive glass by spin coating. The sensitizing dye is disposed on the conductive surface of the second conductive glass, and the electrolyte layer is injected into the first conductive glass and the second conductive glass bonded to each other by drilling.

The present invention will specifically describe the embodiment, and the production method will be described in detail in conjunction with the illustrated diagram. The application of adding the algae shell of the organism, in addition to improving the surface topography of the semiconductor film, also improves the optical properties of the interior. Here, a spin coating process is used to effectively control the film thickness to produce a dye-sensitized solar cell.

Referring to Fig. 7, the algae population observed under light 100 times is the algae shell solution required for the present invention. The algae shell is about 8 μm long and about 2 μm wide. Referring to FIG. 1 , a schematic diagram of a structure of a dye-sensitized solar cell doped algae shell, the portion comprising 2 titanium dioxide doped with a algae shell photoelectrode, wherein 1 is doped with the algae shell in FIG. 7 Next, referring to the SEM image of SO-TI-NANOXIDE-HT/SC nanoparticle in Fig. 2 and the SEM image of the SO-TI-NANOXIDE-HT/SC nanoparticle-doped algae shell in Fig. 3, 3 In the figure, the surface morphology of the photocatalyst with 2 titanium dioxide doped with algae shell is rough, the process is set on 3 conductive glass by spin coating, and then 5 sensitizing dye is carried on 2 titanium dioxide mixed with algae shell. On the bulk photoelectrode, the 6 platinum counter electrode and the 3 conductive glass conductive surface are bonded to each other, and then the 1 electrolyte is injected into the 6 platinum counter electrode and the 3 conductive glass, and the last 4 electrodes are the output ends, and the dye stain of the first figure is completed. Schematic diagram of the structure of the solar cell doped algae shell.

[Implementation case]

Here, refer to the algae population observed at 100 times of the light in Fig. 7. This part is first added with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). SDS is a surfactant which destroys the protein and denatures it, and coats the denatured protein. And with a consistent negative charge, on the one hand, the cells in the algae Pull in the solution. We used a high speed centrifuge for eppendorf 5804R, placed a tube volume of 10 ml into about 10 g of the algae solution, and added 2% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) for centrifugation at 3000 rpm and 10 minutes. The algae solution contains a lot of debris, large volume impurities, radiolaria and other strips. Therefore, when it is incorporated into the algae shell, the above impurities need to be removed by filtration in the present invention, and the separation is used for sedimentation rate. Water: Methanol is added to the test tube at 4:3. The order is to add pure water and then slowly add methanol. After standing for 5 minutes, the centrifugation solution of the algae solution is sucked into the test tube by pipette. At this time, it is allowed to stand for about 5 minutes. At this time, the algae shell and other impurities are different in weight, density and volume, and the difference in sedimentation rate is generated. The supernatant is the desired algae shell solution, and the sedimentation rate is filtered. The effect.

The SEM image of the SO-TI-NANOXIDE-HT/SC nanoparticle of the present invention in FIG. 2, and the SEM image of the SO-TI-NANOXIDE-HT/SC nanoparticle-doped algae shell shown in FIG. The surface morphology was observed at 50,000 x, showing that the surface of the simple titanium dioxide layer was relatively flat and tidy, while the titanium dioxide-diatom layer was rough and quite uneven. The above two test pieces were respectively made of titanium dioxide and a working electrode made of mixed algae, and the spin coating speed was 1000 rpm for 30 sec. For the above results, the dye-sensitized solar cell was made from the surface structure due to roughness and not Flattening, the titanium dioxide-diatom layer is a structure that enhances light filling and has good optical properties, and then compares roughness and optical properties.

Then, the present invention uses an atomic force microscope to measure the roughness of the two samples on the working electrode at an area of 0.50 um x 0.50 um. From the AFM diagram of the SO-TI-NANOXIDE-HT/SC nanoparticle, the undulation is small and The flat area is wider and has a roughness of 35.2637. As well as the AFM image of the SO-TI-NANOXIDE-HT/SC nanoparticle-doped algae shell, the undulation is larger than that of the single-layer titanium dioxide layer, and the surface is uneven, and the roughness is 57.4039. This hair The measured data can be mutually verified with the graph observed by the above FE-SEM.

The invention analyzes the characteristics of two samples in an ultraviolet/visible spectrometer, and adds penetration (ST), scattering (S), reflection (R), absorption (Abs) and haze (Haze) to the scattering. The wavelength of less than 350nm is almost the absorption band of glass. When it is larger than the wavelength of 350nm, it can be seen in the UV/VIS diagram of SO-TI-NANOXIDE-HT/SC nanoparticle in Fig. 4. The penetration, scattering and reflection are obvious. It is low, and the UV/VIS diagram of SO-TI-NANOXIDE-HT/SC nanoparticle-doped algae shell in Figure 5 shows good performance in penetration, scattering and reflection. Sensitized solar cells are incorporated into the algae shell to effectively improve optical properties. Next, the measurement of haze, for haze, is an important basis for solar cells in the fill light, and the UV of the algae shell is doped by SO-TI-NANOXIDE-HT/SC nanoparticle in Figure 5. The haze value in the /VIS chart is significantly higher than the haze value of 5% in the UV/VIS image of SO-TI-NANOXIDE-HT/SC nanoparticle in Figure 4, which is nearly 10 times.

Finally, the present invention measures the efficiency, and the dye-sensitized solar cell component is placed under a solar simulator to measure the IV curve of the dye-sensitized solar cell of FIG. 6, thereby finding a simple titanium dioxide film. dye-sensitized solar cell short circuit current density of a single layer made of 1.2mA / cm ^2, Layer 2.32mA / cm ^2, three 4.13mA / cm ^2, an open circuit voltage of approximately monolayer 0.65V, floor 0.69V, three 0.75V, doped titanium dioxide and diatomaceous formed dye-sensitized solar cell short circuit current density of the film is a single layer made of 3.88mA / cm ^2, Layer 4.17mA / cm ^2, three 4.56mA / cm ^2, an open circuit The voltage is about 0.75V for a single layer, 0.73V for a second layer, and 0.72V for a three layer. In terms of efficiency, the film formed by the monolayer structure of titanium dioxide doped algae is nearly 4.9 times higher than that of the simple titanium dioxide film, and the film formed by the two-layer titanium dioxide doped algae is nearly 2.14 times higher than that of the simple titanium dioxide film, and the three-layer structure is doped with titanium dioxide. The film formed by algae increased by 1.78 times than that of the pure titanium dioxide film. It can be seen that the effect of re-uplifting is the single layer, and the film of titanium dioxide doped with algae in the three-layer structure has the best efficiency. The commercially available titanium dioxide particles used in the present invention are about 20 nm to 50 nm in size, whereas the algae shell is micron in the previous data, and as a carrier sufficient to make up more photons, there are better nanopores, so that titanium dioxide particles are sufficient. Adsorption and filling are carried out and the adsorption of the dye is increased.

1‧‧‧ electrolyte

2‧‧‧ Titanium dioxide doped with algae shell photoelectrode

3‧‧‧Conductive glass

4‧‧‧Electrode

5‧‧‧ sensitizing dye

6‧‧‧Platinum counter electrode

Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the dye-sensitized solar cell doped algae shell

Figure 2 SEM image of SO-TI-NANOXIDE-HT/SC nanoparticle

Figure 3 SEM image of SO-TI-NANOXIDE-HT/SC nanoparticle-doped algae shell

Figure 4 UV/VIS diagram of SO-TI-NANOXIDE-HT/SC nanoparticle

Figure 5 UV/VIS diagram of SO-TI-NANOXIDE-HT/SC nanoparticle-doped algae shell

Figure 6 I-V curve diagram of dye-sensitized solar cell

Figure 7 shows the algae population observed under 100 times light

1‧‧‧ electrolyte

2‧‧‧ Titanium dioxide doped with algae shell photoelectrode

3‧‧‧Conductive glass

4‧‧‧Electrode

5‧‧‧Dyes

6‧‧‧Platinum counter electrode

Claims (10)

The invention relates to a method for preparing a dye-sensitized solar cell by using a diatom structure, in particular to the application and production of an algae structure, which utilizes a porous structure to make titanium dioxide have more adsorption and form a film through a spin coating. Then, after soaking the dye, the opposite electrode is bonded to each other, and the dye-sensitized solar cell made of the electrolyte is injected, so that the algae shell structure can increase light-harvesting, scattering, and haze, and effectively improve the efficiency output. The method for manufacturing a dye-sensitized solar cell using the algae structure according to the first aspect of the patent, comprising a first conductive glass, a second conductive glass, and a semiconductor layer, wherein the semiconductor layer is mixed. The algae shell is made of a conductive layer, a sensitizing dye, and an electrolyte layer. According to the first aspect of the patent scope, a method for preparing a dye-sensitized solar cell using the algae structure, the biological system is obtained by a centrifugal method, and a solution having a structure for destroying the protein is added, and the algae shell obtained by filtration is obtained. body. The method for manufacturing a dye-sensitized solar cell using the algae structure according to the first aspect of the patent, wherein the titanium dioxide slurry is a nano particle and the algae shell is mixed in proportion, mainly for spin coating. Process. According to the method of claim 1, the method for manufacturing a dye-sensitized solar cell using the algae structure, wherein the biological system utilizes a porous structure to make the titanium dioxide have more adsorption, and the titanium dioxide slurry is mixed and mixed. The algae shell is placed in agate glass, and the mixing ratio can be between 1:50 and 500. According to a method for producing a dye-sensitized solar cell using the algae structure according to the first aspect of the patent scope, when a film is formed by spin coating, the quantitative dropper can be coated with a conductive glass. Depending on the area of the glass, the speed can be adjusted from 1000 rpm to 4000 rpm, and the second stage speed can be set. According to the method for preparing a dye-sensitized solar cell using the algae structure according to the first aspect of the patent scope, the time for soaking the dye may be determined according to the ratio of the mixture of the algae shell and the titanium dioxide slurry. According to the method of claim 1, the method for manufacturing the dye-sensitized solar cell by using the algae structure is bonded to the opposite electrode and can be bonded to the package film of 20 μm to 60 μm, and the pressure can be 20 psi to 40 psi. According to the method of claim 1, the method for manufacturing a dye-sensitized solar cell using the algae structure, the electrolyte to be injected in the quantitative dropper can be determined according to the coating area. A method for manufacturing a dye-sensitized solar cell using the algae structure, in addition to the spin coating process used in the present invention, can also be used in a screen printing or doctor blade process.