TW201444262A - Power source conversion device - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本發明是有關於一種轉換裝置,特別是指一種電源轉換裝置。 The present invention relates to a conversion device, and more particularly to a power conversion device.
發光二極體模組(Light Emitting Diode,LED)具有高功率、壽命長及體積小等優點,因而漸漸被廣泛應用於道路照明及其相關照明工業。 Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are widely used in road lighting and related lighting industries due to their high power, long life and small size.
參閱圖1,習知電源轉換裝置,適用於電連接於一交流電源與一作為負載的發光二極體模組LED之間,並將來自該交流電源的一輸入電壓VAC進行轉換,以產生一直流輸出電壓Vo,dc來驅動該發光二極體模組LED,且該電源轉換裝置包含:一濾波電路10、一全橋整流電路11、一功因修正電路12、一降壓轉換電路13、一第一控制電路14,及一第二控制電路15。 Referring to FIG. 1 , a conventional power conversion device is electrically connected between an AC power source and a LED module as a load, and converts an input voltage VAC from the AC power source to generate The output voltage Vo, dc is used to drive the LED module LED, and the power conversion device comprises: a filter circuit 10, a full bridge rectifier circuit 11, a power factor correction circuit 12, a buck conversion circuit 13, A first control circuit 14, and a second control circuit 15.
該濾波電路10電連接於該交流電源以接收該輸入電壓VAC,並用於濾除電磁干擾(electromagnetic interference,EMI)及該輸入電壓VAC中的高頻雜訊,以產生一濾波電壓。 The filter circuit 10 is electrically connected to the AC power source to receive the input voltage VAC, and is used for filtering electromagnetic interference (EMI) and high frequency noise in the input voltage VAC to generate a filtered voltage.
該全橋整流電路11電連接於該濾波電路10以接收該濾波電壓及一輸入電流Iin,並將該濾波電壓進行整 流以輸出一直流電壓。 The full bridge rectifier circuit 11 is electrically connected to the filter circuit 10 to receive the filter voltage and an input current Iin, and to perform the whole Stream to output a DC voltage.
該功因修正電路12電連接於該整流電路11以接收該直流電壓,且該功因修正電路12為一升壓型轉換器,並包括:一第一電容C1、一第二電容C2、一第一二極體D1、一第二二極體D2、一第一電感L1、一第二電感L2、一第一開關S1、一第二開關S2,及一第三電容C3。該第一開關S1及該第二開關S2受控制並於導通及非導通狀態之間進行切換,使該第一電感L1及該第二電感L2進行儲能或釋能,進而使該功因修正電路12將該直流電壓進行升壓轉換而產生一升壓電壓。 The power factor correction circuit 12 is electrically connected to the rectifier circuit 11 to receive the DC voltage, and the power factor correction circuit 12 is a boost converter, and includes: a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, and a capacitor The first diode D1, the second diode D2, a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2, a first switch S1, a second switch S2, and a third capacitor C3. The first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are controlled to switch between a conducting state and a non-conducting state, so that the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 perform energy storage or release, thereby correcting the power factor. Circuit 12 boosts the DC voltage to produce a boost voltage.
該降壓轉換電路13電連接於該功因修正電路12,並包括:一第三開關S3及一第四開關S4。該第三及第四開關S3、S4受控制並於導通及非導通狀態之間進行切換,而使該降壓轉換電路13將來自該功因修正電路12的升壓電壓降壓成該直流輸出電壓Vo,dc。 The step-down conversion circuit 13 is electrically connected to the power factor correction circuit 12 and includes a third switch S3 and a fourth switch S4. The third and fourth switches S3, S4 are controlled to switch between the conducting and non-conducting states, and the buck converting circuit 13 steps down the boosting voltage from the power factor correcting circuit 12 to the DC output. Voltage Vo, dc.
該第一控制電路14電連接於該功因修正電路12,並將二控制訊號Vgs1、Vgs2分別提供給該第一及第二開關S1、S2,以控制該第一及第二開關S1、S2的切換。 The first control circuit 14 is electrically connected to the power factor correction circuit 12, and provides two control signals Vgs1 and Vgs2 to the first and second switches S1 and S2, respectively, to control the first and second switches S1 and S2. Switching.
該第二控制電路15電連接於該降壓轉換電路13,並將二控制訊號Vgs3、Vgs4分別提供給該第三及第四開關S3、S4,以控制該第三及第四開關S3、S4的切換。 The second control circuit 15 is electrically connected to the buck conversion circuit 13 and provides two control signals Vgs3 and Vgs4 to the third and fourth switches S3 and S4, respectively, to control the third and fourth switches S3 and S4. Switching.
習知電源轉換裝置具有以下缺點: Conventional power conversion devices have the following disadvantages:
缺點一,該功因修正電路12需要該第一電容C1、該第二電容C2,及該第二電感L2等額外的電子元件進行功因修正,且該全橋整流電路11需要四個二極體進行整流,導致增加電路的元件成本。 Disadvantage 1 , the power factor correction circuit 12 needs the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, and the second inductor L2 to perform power factor correction, and the full bridge rectifier circuit 11 requires four poles. Rectification of the body results in increased component cost of the circuit.
缺點二,需要二個控制電路14、15,導致電路的控制方法及架構較為複雜。 Disadvantage 2, two control circuits 14, 15 are required, resulting in a complicated control method and architecture of the circuit.
缺點三,該功因修正電路12與該降壓轉換電路13共使用四個開關,數目較多。 Disadvantage 3, the power factor correction circuit 12 and the buck conversion circuit 13 use a total of four switches, and the number is large.
缺點四,需經過該濾波電路10、該全橋整流電路11、該功因修正電路12,及該降壓轉換電路13等四段電路進行轉換功率,進而降低轉換功率的效能。 The fourth disadvantage is that the four circuits of the filter circuit 10, the full bridge rectifier circuit 11, the power factor correction circuit 12, and the buck converter circuit 13 perform conversion power, thereby reducing the performance of the conversion power.
因此,本發明之目的,即在提供一種可以降低電路成本的電源轉換裝置。 Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a power conversion device that can reduce the cost of a circuit.
於是本發明電源轉換裝置,包含一濾波電路、一功因修正電路,及一降壓轉換電路。 Therefore, the power conversion device of the present invention comprises a filter circuit, a power factor correction circuit, and a buck conversion circuit.
該濾波電路接收一輸入電壓及一輸入電流,並濾除該輸入電壓與該輸入電流中的高頻雜訊,以產生一濾波電壓。 The filter circuit receives an input voltage and an input current, and filters the input voltage and high frequency noise in the input current to generate a filtered voltage.
該功因修正電路電連接於該濾波電路,以接收該濾波電壓,並將該濾波電壓進行升壓以產生一升壓電壓,且該功因修正電路包括:一直流鏈電容;一第一電感,具有一電連接於該濾波電路的第一端和一第二端;串聯的一第一二極體和一第二二極體,並聯於該直流鏈電容,且 該第一二極體和該第二二極體的一共同接點電連接於該第一電感的第二端;及串聯的一第一開關和一第二開關,並聯於該直流鏈電容,每一開關可操作在一導通狀態及一非導通狀態,該第一及第二開關分別受二個控制信號控制而交錯地在該導通及該非導通狀態之間切換,且以跨於該第二開關的一電壓作為該升壓電壓。 The power factor correction circuit is electrically connected to the filter circuit to receive the filter voltage, and boost the filter voltage to generate a boost voltage, and the power factor correction circuit comprises: a DC link capacitor; a first inductor a first end and a second end electrically connected to the filter circuit; a first diode and a second diode connected in series are connected in parallel to the DC link capacitor, and a common contact of the first diode and the second diode is electrically connected to the second end of the first inductor; and a first switch and a second switch connected in series are connected to the DC link capacitor. Each of the switches is operable in a conducting state and a non-conducting state, wherein the first and second switches are respectively controlled by two control signals to alternately switch between the conducting and the non-conducting states, and to cross the second A voltage of the switch acts as the boost voltage.
該降壓轉換電路電連接於該功因修正電路以接收該升壓電壓,且將該升壓電壓降壓成一直流輸出電壓。 The buck converter circuit is electrically connected to the power factor correction circuit to receive the boost voltage, and step down the boost voltage to a DC output voltage.
2‧‧‧濾波電路 2‧‧‧Filter circuit
Lf‧‧‧輸入電感 Lf‧‧‧Input Inductance
Cf‧‧‧輸入電容 Cf‧‧‧ input capacitor
3‧‧‧功因修正電路 3‧‧‧Power correction circuit
Lpfc1‧‧‧第一電感 Lpfc1‧‧‧first inductor
Lpfc2‧‧‧第二電感 Lpfc2‧‧‧second inductance
D1‧‧‧第一二極體 D1‧‧‧First Diode
D2‧‧‧第二二極體 D2‧‧‧ second diode
S1‧‧‧第一開關 S1‧‧‧ first switch
S2‧‧‧第二開關 S2‧‧‧ second switch
CB‧‧‧直流鏈電容 CB‧‧‧DC link capacitor
4‧‧‧控制電路 4‧‧‧Control circuit
5‧‧‧降壓轉換電路 5‧‧‧Buck conversion circuit
51‧‧‧變壓器 51‧‧‧Transformers
n1‧‧‧一次側繞組 N1‧‧‧ primary winding
n2‧‧‧二次側繞組 N2‧‧‧secondary winding
Cr‧‧‧諧振電容 Cr‧‧‧Resonance Capacitor
Lr‧‧‧諧振電感 Lr‧‧‧Resonant Inductance
Lm‧‧‧激磁電感 Lm‧‧‧Magnetic Inductance
D3‧‧‧第三二極體 D3‧‧‧ third diode
D4‧‧‧第四二極體 D4‧‧‧ fourth diode
Co‧‧‧輸出電容 Co‧‧‧ output capacitor
LED‧‧‧發光二極體模組 LED‧‧‧Light Diode Module
本發明之其他的特徵及功效,將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現,其中:圖1是一種習知電源轉換裝置的電路圖;圖2是本發明電源轉換裝置之第一較佳實施例的電路圖;圖3是該第一較佳實施例的時序圖;圖4是該第一較佳實施例操作於模式一的電路圖;圖5是該第一較佳實施例操作於模式二的電路圖;圖6是該第一較佳實施例操作於模式三的電路圖;圖7是該第一較佳實施例操作於模式四的電路圖;圖8是該第一較佳實施例操作於模式五的電路圖;圖9是該第一較佳實施例操作於模式六的電路圖;圖10是該第一較佳實施例操作於模式七的電路圖;圖11是該第一較佳實施例操作於模式八的電路圖;圖12是該第一較佳實施例操作於模式九的電路圖; 圖13是該第一較佳實施例操作於模式十的電路圖;圖14是該第一較佳實施例操作於模式十一的電路圖;圖15是該第一較佳實施例來自一交流電源的一輸入電壓及一輸入電流的波形圖;圖16是該第一較佳實施例之一降壓轉換電路的一輸出電壓及一輸出電流的波形圖;圖17是該第一較佳實施例之一跨於一第一開關的電壓及一流經該第一開關的電流的波形圖,說明利用零電壓切換技術來控制該第一開關;圖18是該第一較佳實施例之一跨於一第二開關的電壓及一流經該第二開關的電流的波形圖,說明利用零電壓切換技術來控制該第二開關;圖19是該第一較佳實施例之該跨於該第一開關的電壓及一流經一第三二極體的電流的波形圖,說明該第一開關達到零電流切換;圖20是該第一較佳實施例之該跨於該第二開關的電壓及一流經一第四二極體的電流的波形圖,說明該第二開關達到零電流切換;圖21是本發明電源轉換裝置之第二較佳實施例的電路圖;及圖22是該第二較佳實施例之一變形的電路圖。 Other features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of the drawings, wherein: FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a conventional power conversion device; and FIG. 2 is a first preferred embodiment of the power conversion device of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a timing diagram of the first preferred embodiment; FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the first preferred embodiment operating in mode one; FIG. 5 is a first preferred embodiment operating in mode two Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of the first preferred embodiment operating in mode three; Figure 7 is a circuit diagram of the first preferred embodiment operating in mode four; Figure 8 is a first preferred embodiment operating in mode five Figure 9 is a circuit diagram of the first preferred embodiment operating in mode six; Figure 10 is a circuit diagram of the first preferred embodiment operating in mode seven; Figure 11 is a first preferred embodiment operating in mode 8 is a circuit diagram; FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram of the first preferred embodiment operating in mode IX; Figure 13 is a circuit diagram of the first preferred embodiment operating in mode ten; Figure 14 is a circuit diagram of the first preferred embodiment operating in mode eleven; Figure 15 is a first preferred embodiment of the invention from an alternating current source FIG. 16 is a waveform diagram of an output voltage and an output current of the step-down conversion circuit of the first preferred embodiment; FIG. 17 is a waveform diagram of the first preferred embodiment. A waveform diagram of a voltage across a first switch and a current through the first switch illustrates the use of a zero voltage switching technique to control the first switch; FIG. 18 is one of the first preferred embodiment spanning one The waveform of the second switch and the waveform of the current through the second switch indicate that the second switch is controlled by a zero voltage switching technique; FIG. 19 is the first preferred embodiment of the first switch. The waveform of the voltage and the current through the third diode indicates that the first switch reaches the zero current switching; FIG. 20 is the voltage across the second switch and the first-class one through the first preferred embodiment. The waveform of the current of the fourth diode, indicating that The second switch is switched to zero current; Figure 21 is a circuit diagram of a second preferred embodiment of the power conversion device of the present invention; and Figure 22 is a circuit diagram of a variation of the second preferred embodiment.
在本發明被詳細描述之前,應當注意在以下的說明內容中,類似的元件是以相同的編號來表示。 Before the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that in the following description, similar elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.
參閱圖2,本發明電源轉換裝置之第一較佳實施例,適用於電連接於一交流電源與一作為負載的發光二極體模組LED之間,並將來自該交流電源的一輸入電壓VAC進行轉換,以產生一直流輸出電壓Vo,dc來驅動該發光二極體模組LED,且該電源轉換裝置包含:一濾波電路2、一功因修正電路3、一控制電路4,及一降壓轉換電路5。 Referring to FIG. 2, a first preferred embodiment of the power conversion device of the present invention is adapted to be electrically connected between an AC power source and a LED module as a load, and an input voltage from the AC power source. The VAC performs conversion to generate a DC output voltage Vo, dc to drive the LED module LED, and the power conversion device includes: a filter circuit 2, a power factor correction circuit 3, a control circuit 4, and a Buck conversion circuit 5.
該濾波電路2電連接於該交流電源,以接收該輸入電壓VAC及一輸入電流Iin,並用於濾除電磁干擾(electromagnetic interference,EMI)及該輸入電壓VAC與該輸入電流Iin中的高頻雜訊,以產生一濾波電壓,且該濾波電路2包括一輸入電感Lf和一輸入電容Cf。串接的該輸入電感Lf和該輸入電容Cf並聯於該交流電源,以接收該輸入電壓VAC及該輸入電流Iin,且以跨於該輸入電容Cf的一電壓作為該濾波電壓。 The filter circuit 2 is electrically connected to the AC power source to receive the input voltage VAC and an input current Iin, and is used for filtering electromagnetic interference (EMI) and the high frequency miscellaneous in the input voltage VAC and the input current Iin. The signal is generated to generate a filtered voltage, and the filter circuit 2 includes an input inductor Lf and an input capacitor Cf. The input inductor Lf and the input capacitor Cf connected in series are connected in parallel to the AC power source to receive the input voltage VAC and the input current Iin, and a voltage across the input capacitor Cf is used as the filtered voltage.
該功因修正電路3電連接於該濾波電路2,以接收該濾波電壓,並將該濾波電壓進行升壓以產生一升壓電壓,同時調整該輸入電壓VAC及該輸入電流Iin的相位,以降低電流總諧波失真與修正功率因數,進而達到高功因的目的,以符合IEC 61000-3-2 Class C照明類裝置的輸入電流各次諧波的標準,且該功因修正電路3包括:一直流鏈電容CB、一第一電感Lpfc1、一第一二極體D1、一第二二極體D2、一第一開關S1,及一第二開關S2 。 The power factor correction circuit 3 is electrically connected to the filter circuit 2 to receive the filter voltage, and boost the filter voltage to generate a boost voltage, and adjust the phase of the input voltage VAC and the input current Iin to Reducing the total harmonic distortion of the current and correcting the power factor, thereby achieving the purpose of high power to meet the standard of the harmonics of the input current of the IEC 61000-3-2 Class C lighting device, and the power correction circuit 3 includes : a continuous flow chain capacitor CB, a first inductor Lpfc1, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a first switch S1, and a second switch S2 .
該直流鏈電容CB用於儲存該升壓電壓。 The DC link capacitor CB is used to store the boost voltage.
該第一電感Lpfc1具有一電連接於該輸入電感Lf與該輸入電容Cf的一共同接點的第一端和一第二端。該第一二極體D1串聯於該第二二極體D2,且其共同接點電連接於該第一電感Lpfc1的第二端。該第一二極體D1具有一電連接於該第一電感Lpfc1之第二端的陽極與一陰極。該第二二極體D2具有一電連接於該第一二極體D1之陽極的陰極與一陽極。 The first inductor Lpfc1 has a first end and a second end electrically connected to a common contact of the input inductor Lf and the input capacitor Cf. The first diode D1 is connected in series to the second diode D2, and the common contact is electrically connected to the second end of the first inductor Lpfc1. The first diode D1 has an anode and a cathode electrically connected to the second end of the first inductor Lpfc1. The second diode D2 has a cathode electrically connected to the anode of the first diode D1 and an anode.
串聯的該第一開關S1和該第二開關S2電連接於該第一二極體D1的陰極及該第二二極體D2的陽極之間,且其一共同接點電連接於該輸入電容Cf與該交流電源的一共同接點,且每一開關可操作在一導通狀態及一非導通狀態,該第一及第二開關S1、S2分別受二個控制信號控制而交錯地在該導通及該非導通狀態之間切換,且以跨於該第二開關S2的一電壓作為該升壓電壓。 The first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are electrically connected between the cathode of the first diode D1 and the anode of the second diode D2, and a common contact is electrically connected to the input capacitor a common contact between the Cf and the AC power source, and each switch is operable in an on state and a non-conduction state, and the first and second switches S1 and S2 are respectively controlled by two control signals to be alternately turned on. And switching between the non-conduction states, and a voltage across the second switch S2 is used as the boosting voltage.
在本實施例中,當該第一開關S1處於該導通狀態時,該第二開關S2處於該非導通狀態,而當該第二開關S2處於該導通狀態時,該第一開關S1處於該非導通狀態,時序上相鄰的該第一開關S1處於該導通狀態的期間與該第二開關S2處於該導通狀態的期間間隔一預定時間(見圖3)。此外,該第一及第二開關S1、S2進行切換時會對該輸入電流Iin產生干擾(例如,EMI),而該干擾可被該濾波電路2濾除。該第一及第二開關S1、 S2以金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體實現(MOSFET)。 In this embodiment, when the first switch S1 is in the conducting state, the second switch S2 is in the non-conducting state, and when the second switch S2 is in the conducting state, the first switch S1 is in the non-conducting state. The period in which the first switch S1 adjacent to the timing is in the on state and the period in which the second switch S2 is in the on state are separated by a predetermined time (see FIG. 3). In addition, when the first and second switches S1 and S2 are switched, interference (for example, EMI) is generated on the input current Iin, and the interference can be filtered by the filter circuit 2. The first and second switches S1 S2 is implemented as a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET).
該控制電路4電連接於該功因修正電路3,並提供該二控制信號給各自所對應的該第一及第二開關S1、S2,且該二控制信號分別是一第一控制信號Vgs1和一第二控制信號Vgs2,該第一及第二控制信號Vgs1、Vgs2是二個相位互補的方波。 The control circuit 4 is electrically connected to the power factor correction circuit 3, and provides the two control signals to the respective first and second switches S1 and S2, and the two control signals are respectively a first control signal Vgs1 and A second control signal Vgs2, the first and second control signals Vgs1, Vgs2 are two square waves complementary to each other.
該降壓轉換電路5採用諧振架構,且電連接於該功因修正電路3以接收該升壓電壓,且將該升壓電壓降壓成該直流輸出電壓Vo,dc,且該降壓轉換電路5包括:一諧振電容Cr、一諧振電感Lr、一激磁電感Lm、一變壓器51、一第三二極體D3、一第四二極體D4,及一輸出電容Co。 The step-down conversion circuit 5 adopts a resonant architecture, and is electrically connected to the power factor correction circuit 3 to receive the boosted voltage, and steps down the boosted voltage to the DC output voltage Vo, dc, and the step-down conversion circuit 5 includes: a resonant capacitor Cr, a resonant inductor Lr, a magnetizing inductor Lm, a transformer 51, a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4, and an output capacitor Co.
串接的該諧振電容Cr、該諧振電感Lr和該激磁電感Lm電連接於該輸入電容Cf與該交流電源的共同接點與地之間。 The resonant capacitor Cr, the resonant inductor Lr and the magnetizing inductance Lm connected in series are electrically connected between the common contact of the input capacitor Cf and the alternating current power source and the ground.
該變壓器51具有一並聯於該激磁電感Lm的一次側繞組n1和一個二次側繞組n2。該一次側繞組n1具有一第一端和一第二端。該二次側繞組n2具有一第一端、一第二端及一位於該第一、第二端之間的中間抽頭。該二次側繞組n2於該第一端及該中間抽頭之間的匝數小於該一次側繞組n1的匝數,且該二次側繞組n2於該中間抽頭及該第二端之間的匝數小於該一次側繞組n1的匝數。其中,該一次及二次側繞組n1、n2的第一、二端分別是極性點端和非極性點端。 The transformer 51 has a primary side winding n1 and a secondary side winding n2 connected in parallel to the exciting inductance Lm. The primary side winding n1 has a first end and a second end. The secondary winding n2 has a first end, a second end and a center tap between the first and second ends. The number of turns of the secondary side winding n2 between the first end and the intermediate tap is smaller than the number of turns of the primary side winding n1, and the secondary side winding n2 is between the intermediate tap and the second end The number is smaller than the number of turns of the primary side winding n1. The first and second ends of the primary and secondary windings n1 and n2 are a polarity point end and a non-polar point end, respectively.
該第三二極體D3具有一電連接於該二次側繞組n2之第一端的陽極和一陰極。 The third diode D3 has an anode and a cathode electrically connected to the first end of the secondary winding n2.
該第四二極體D4具有一電連接於該二次側繞組n2之第二端的陽極和一電連接於該第三二極體D3之陰極的陰極。 The fourth diode D4 has an anode electrically connected to the second end of the secondary winding n2 and a cathode electrically connected to the cathode of the third diode D3.
該輸出電容Co電連接於該第三二極體D3的陰極和該二次側繞組n2的中間抽頭之間,且該輸出電容Co的兩端提供該直流輸出電壓Vo,dc給該發光二極體模組LED。 The output capacitor Co is electrically connected between the cathode of the third diode D3 and the center tap of the secondary winding n2, and the DC output voltage Vo, dc is supplied to the two ends of the output capacitor Co to the LED Body module LED.
參閱圖2與圖3,參數Vgs1、Vgs2分別表示該第一控制信號及該第二控制信號,參數Vds1、Vds2分別表示該第一及第二開關S1、S2兩端的跨壓,參數VLpfc1表示該第一電感Lpfc1的電壓,參數iLpfc1、iLr、iLm、iD3、iD4分別表示流經該第一電感Lpfc1的電流、流經該諧振電感Lr的電流、流經該激磁電感Lm的電流、流經該第三及第四二極體D3、D4的電流。 Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the parameters Vgs1 and Vgs2 respectively represent the first control signal and the second control signal, and the parameters Vds1 and Vds2 respectively represent the voltage across the first and second switches S1 and S2, and the parameter VLpfc1 indicates the The voltage of the first inductor Lpfc1, the parameters iLpfc1, iLr, iLm, iD3, iD4 respectively represent the current flowing through the first inductor Lpfc1, the current flowing through the resonant inductor Lr, and the current flowing through the magnetizing inductor Lm, flowing through the current Currents of the third and fourth diodes D3, D4.
以下就輸入電壓VAC經濾波後的操作以11個模式討論,且以下為了方便說明,在圖4至圖14中,該濾波電路2及該控制電路4省略不畫出,且導通的元件以實線畫出,非導通的元件以虛線畫出,且相較於圖2更畫出該第一及第二開關S1、S2的本質二極體DS1、DS2和寄生電容CS1、VS2。 Hereinafter, the filtered operation of the input voltage VAC is discussed in 11 modes, and for convenience of explanation, in FIG. 4 to FIG. 14, the filter circuit 2 and the control circuit 4 are omitted, and the turned-on components are implemented. The lines are drawn, the non-conducting elements are drawn in dashed lines, and the intrinsic diodes DS1, DS2 and parasitic capacitances CS1, VS2 of the first and second switches S1, S2 are shown in more detail than in FIG.
參閱圖3與圖4,當該第一開關S1兩端的跨壓Vds1下降至零時,將該第一開關S1導通而具有零電壓切換,且該輸入電壓VAC經由該第一二極體D1及該第一開關S1對該第一電感Lpfc1進行儲能,使該第一電感電流iLpfc1呈線性上升。 Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, when the voltage across the first switch S1 drops to zero, the first switch S1 is turned on to have zero voltage switching, and the input voltage VAC is passed through the first diode D1 and The first switch S1 stores the first inductor Lpfc1 to linearly increase the first inductor current iLpfc1.
此時,該變壓器51的一次側繞組n1的極性為上正下負,該激磁電感Lm經由該變壓器51及該第三二極體D3提供部分能量至該發光二極體模組LED。 At this time, the polarity of the primary side winding n1 of the transformer 51 is upper and lower, and the exciting inductance Lm supplies part of the energy to the LED module LED via the transformer 51 and the third diode D3.
由於該諧振電感電流iLr為負,該諧振電感電流iLr對該諧振電容Cr放電,並經由該第一開關S1的本質二極體DS1將能量傳送至該直流鏈電容CB。當該諧振電感電流iLr上升至零時,進入模式二。 Since the resonant inductor current iLr is negative, the resonant inductor current iLr discharges the resonant capacitor Cr and transfers energy to the DC link capacitor CB via the intrinsic diode DS1 of the first switch S1. When the resonant inductor current iLr rises to zero, it enters mode two.
參閱圖3與圖5,該第一開關S1持續導通,該輸入電壓VAC持續提供能量,使該第一電感Lpfc1持續儲能,而使該第一電感電流iLpfc1持續線性上升。 Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, the first switch S1 is continuously turned on, and the input voltage VAC continuously supplies energy, so that the first inductor Lpfc1 continues to store energy, and the first inductor current iLpfc1 continues to rise linearly.
該直流鏈電容CB釋放能量至該諧振電容Cr、該諧振電感Lr和該變壓器51的一次側繞組n1,再經由該二次側繞組n2、導通的該第三二極體D3釋放至該發光二極體模組LED。 The DC link capacitor CB releases energy to the resonant capacitor Cr, the resonant inductor Lr, and the primary winding n1 of the transformer 51, and then is discharged to the light emitting diode via the secondary winding n2 and the third diode D3 that is turned on. Polar body module LED.
同時,該激磁電感Lm持續提供能量經由該變壓器51、該第三二極體D3釋放至該發光二極體模組LED。當該激磁電感電流iLm上升至零時,進入模式三。 At the same time, the magnetizing inductance Lm continuously supplies energy to the LED module LED via the transformer 51 and the third diode D3. When the magnetizing inductor current iLm rises to zero, it enters mode three.
參閱圖3與圖6,該輸入電壓VAC持續提供能量,使該第一電感Lpfc1持續儲能。模式三與模式二的差別為:該激磁電感Lm不再釋能。 Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 6, the input voltage VAC continuously supplies energy to continuously store the first inductor Lpfc1. The difference between mode three and mode two is that the magnetizing inductance Lm is no longer released.
該直流鏈電容CB和該諧振電感Lr釋放能量至該激磁電感Lm,同時經由該變壓器51、該第三二極體D3釋能至該發光二極體模組LED。當該諧振電感電流iLr下降至與該激磁電感電流iLm相等時,進入模式四。 The DC link capacitor CB and the resonant inductor Lr release energy to the magnetizing inductance Lm, and are simultaneously discharged to the LED module LED via the transformer 51 and the third diode D3. When the resonant inductor current iLr falls to be equal to the magnetizing inductor current iLm, it enters mode four.
參閱圖3與圖7,與模式三的差別為:該輸入電壓VAC持續提供能量,使得該第一電感電流iLpfc1線性上升至一最大值。 Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 7, the difference from mode three is that the input voltage VAC continuously supplies energy such that the first inductor current iLpfc1 linearly rises to a maximum value.
由於此時該諧振電感電流iLr與該激磁電感電流iLm相等,故無電流流至該變壓器51,因此該第三及第四二極體D3、D4不導通,轉由該輸出電容Co釋能至該發光二極體模組LED。當該第一開關S1非導通時,模式四結束。 Since the resonant inductor current iLr is equal to the magnetizing inductor current iLm at this time, no current flows to the transformer 51, so the third and fourth diodes D3 and D4 are not turned on, and the output capacitor Co is released to the output capacitor Co. The LED module LED. Mode 4 ends when the first switch S1 is non-conducting.
參閱圖3與圖8,該第二開關S2的寄生電容CS2開始釋放能量,使該第一開關S1非導通,且該第一電感Lpfc1轉為釋放能量至該第一開關S1的寄生電容CS1,使該第一電感電流iLpfc1呈線性下降。 Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 8 , the parasitic capacitance CS2 of the second switch S2 begins to release energy, so that the first switch S1 is non-conducting, and the first inductor Lpfc1 is turned to release energy to the parasitic capacitance CS1 of the first switch S1. The first inductor current iLpfc1 is linearly decreased.
當該第一開關S1關閉的瞬間時,該直流鏈電容CB開始提供能量至該第一開關S1的寄生電容CS1及 該諧振電容Cr。 When the first switch S1 is turned off, the DC link capacitor CB starts to supply energy to the parasitic capacitance CS1 of the first switch S1 and The resonant capacitor Cr.
同時,該第二開關S2的寄生電容CS2放電,導致該第二開關S2的端電壓Vds2下降。當該電壓Vds2下降至零時,進入模式六。 At the same time, the parasitic capacitance CS2 of the second switch S2 is discharged, causing the terminal voltage Vds2 of the second switch S2 to drop. When the voltage Vds2 drops to zero, it enters mode six.
參閱圖3與圖9,由於該電壓Vds2下降至零,使該第二開關S2導通而具有零電壓切換,此時該第一電感Lpfc1經由該第一二極體D1及該第二開關S2對該直流鏈電容CB進行儲能,使該第一電感電流iLpfc1持續線性下降,且該變壓器51的一次側繞組n1的極性轉為上負下正,該激磁電感Lm經由該變壓器51及該第四二極體D4提供部分能量至該發光二極體模組LED,使該激磁電感電流iLm開始下降。 Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 9 , since the voltage Vds2 drops to zero, the second switch S2 is turned on to have zero voltage switching. At this time, the first inductor Lpfc1 is connected to the first diode D1 and the second switch S2. The DC link capacitor CB performs energy storage, so that the first inductor current iLpfc1 continues to decrease linearly, and the polarity of the primary side winding n1 of the transformer 51 is turned upside down, and the magnetizing inductance Lm passes through the transformer 51 and the fourth The diode D4 supplies a portion of the energy to the LED module LED such that the magnetizing inductor current iLm begins to decrease.
同時,該諧振電感Lr經由該第二開關S2的本質二極體DS2將該諧振電感電流iLr釋放至該諧振電容Cr。當該諧振電感電流iLr下降至零時,進入模式七。 At the same time, the resonant inductor Lr releases the resonant inductor current iLr to the resonant capacitor Cr via the intrinsic diode DS2 of the second switch S2. When the resonant inductor current iLr drops to zero, it enters mode seven.
參閱圖3與圖10,該第二開關S2持續導通,且該第一電感Lpfc1時續對該直流鏈電容CB進行儲能,使得該第一電感電流iLpfc1持續線性下降。 Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 10, the second switch S2 is continuously turned on, and the first inductor Lpfc1 continuously stores the DC link capacitor CB, so that the first inductor current iLpfc1 continues to decrease linearly.
此時,該諧振電容Cr開始經由該變壓器51及該第四二極體D4釋放能量至該發光二極體模組LED,並提供部分能量給該諧振電感Lr,且該激磁電感Lm持續經由該變壓器51及該第四二極體D4提供部分能量至該發光二 極體模組LED,使該激磁電感電流iLm持續線性下降。 At this time, the resonant capacitor Cr starts to release energy to the LED module LED via the transformer 51 and the fourth diode D4, and provides partial energy to the resonant inductor Lr, and the magnetizing inductance Lm continues through the The transformer 51 and the fourth diode D4 provide partial energy to the light emitting diode The polar body module LED causes the exciting inductor current iLm to continuously decrease linearly.
由於該第一電感Lpfc1持續釋能,當該第一電感電流iLpfc1下降至零時,進入模式八。 Since the first inductor Lpfc1 continues to release energy, when the first inductor current iLpfc1 falls to zero, mode eight is entered.
參閱圖3與圖11,該諧振電容Cr和該激磁電感Lm分別持續釋放能量,當該激磁電感電流iLm下降至零時,進入模式九。 Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 11, the resonant capacitor Cr and the exciting inductor Lm respectively release energy, and when the exciting inductor current iLm falls to zero, it enters mode IX.
參閱圖3與圖12,該諧振電容Cr釋放能量至該激磁電感Lm、該諧振電感Lr,及該發光二極體模組LED。當該諧振電感電流iLr下降至與該激磁電感電流iLm相等時,進入模式十。 Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 12, the resonant capacitor Cr releases energy to the exciting inductor Lm, the resonant inductor Lr, and the LED module LED. When the resonant inductor current iLr falls to be equal to the magnetizing inductor current iLm, it enters mode ten.
參閱圖3與圖13,由於該諧振電感電流iLr下降至與該激磁電感電流iLm相等,故無電流流至該變壓器51,導致該第三及第四二極體D3、D4關閉,轉由該輸出電容Co釋能至該發光二極體模組LED。當該第二開關S2非導通時,進入模式十一。 Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 13, since the resonant inductor current iLr falls to be equal to the magnetizing inductor current iLm, no current flows to the transformer 51, causing the third and fourth diodes D3 and D4 to be turned off. The output capacitor Co is discharged to the LED of the LED module. When the second switch S2 is non-conducting, mode 11 is entered.
參閱圖3與圖14,該第二開關S2關閉且該第一開關S1尚未開啟時,該諧振電容Cr釋放能量至該第二開關S2的寄生電容CS2。 Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 14, when the second switch S2 is turned off and the first switch S1 is not turned on, the resonant capacitor Cr releases energy to the parasitic capacitance CS2 of the second switch S2.
同時,該第一開關S1的寄生電容CS1釋放能量至該諧振電感Lr、該諧振電容Cr,及該直流鏈電容CB 。當該第一開關S1的寄生電容CS1持續放電,使該第一開關S1的端電壓Vds1下降至零時,模式十一結束。此時,該第一開關S1導通而具有零電壓切換,且回到模式一重新開始新的一個週期。 At the same time, the parasitic capacitance CS1 of the first switch S1 releases energy to the resonant inductor Lr, the resonant capacitor Cr, and the DC link capacitor CB. . When the parasitic capacitance CS1 of the first switch S1 continues to discharge, causing the terminal voltage Vds1 of the first switch S1 to drop to zero, the mode XI ends. At this time, the first switch S1 is turned on to have a zero voltage switching, and returns to the mode one to restart a new cycle.
以下圖15~20為對應上述實施例的模擬實驗圖:參閱圖15,為該第一較佳實施例來自該交流電源的該輸入電壓VAC及該輸入電流Iin的波形圖,且該輸入電壓VAC及該輸入電流Iin的波形同相位。 15 to 20 are simulation experiment diagrams corresponding to the above embodiments: Referring to FIG. 15, a waveform diagram of the input voltage VAC and the input current Iin from the AC power source of the first preferred embodiment, and the input voltage VAC And the waveform of the input current Iin is in phase.
參閱圖16,為該第一較佳實施例之該降壓轉換電路5的該直流輸出電壓Vo,dc及其輸出電流Io的波形圖。 Referring to Figure 16, there is shown a waveform diagram of the DC output voltage Vo, dc and its output current Io of the buck converter circuit 5 of the first preferred embodiment.
參閱圖17與圖18,分別為該第一較佳實施例之跨於該第一開關S1的電壓Vds1與流經該第一開關S1的電流Ids1,及跨於該第二開關S2的電壓Vds2與流經該第二開關S2的電流Ids2的波形圖,說明利用零電壓切換(zero voltage switching,ZVS)技術來控制該第一及第二開關S1、S2的切換。 Referring to FIG. 17 and FIG. 18, the voltage Vds1 across the first switch S1 and the current Ids1 flowing through the first switch S1 and the voltage Vds2 across the second switch S2 are respectively used in the first preferred embodiment. The waveform diagram of the current Ids2 flowing through the second switch S2 illustrates the switching of the first and second switches S1, S2 by a zero voltage switching (ZVS) technique.
參閱圖19與圖20,為該第一較佳實施例之跨於該第一開關S1的電壓Vds1與流經該第三二極體D3的電流iD3,及跨於該第二開關S2的電壓Vds2與流經該第四二極體D4的電流iD4的波形圖,說明該第一及第二開關S1、S2的切換達到零電流切換(zero current switching,ZCS)技術。 Referring to FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, the voltage Vds1 across the first switch S1 and the current iD3 flowing through the third diode D3, and the voltage across the second switch S2 are the first preferred embodiment. A waveform diagram of Vds2 and current iD4 flowing through the fourth diode D4 illustrates that the switching of the first and second switches S1, S2 reaches a zero current switching (ZCS) technique.
參閱圖21,本發明電源轉換裝置之第二較佳實施例與該第一較佳實施例的差別為:該第一電感Lpfc1電連接於該第一二極體D1的陰極和該第一開關S1之間,且該功因修正電路3更包括一第二電感Lpfc2。 Referring to FIG. 21, a second preferred embodiment of the power conversion device of the present invention is different from the first preferred embodiment in that the first inductor Lpfc1 is electrically connected to the cathode of the first diode D1 and the first switch. Between S1, the power factor correction circuit 3 further includes a second inductor Lpfc2.
該第二電感Lpfc2電連接於該第二二極體D2的陽極和該第二開關S2之間。 The second inductor Lpfc2 is electrically connected between the anode of the second diode D2 and the second switch S2.
該第二較佳實施例的操作程序及動作原理分別近似該第一較佳實施例,故不重述。 The operation procedure and the operation principle of the second preferred embodiment are respectively approximated to the first preferred embodiment, and therefore are not described again.
參閱圖22,是該第二較佳實施例的一變形,該變形與該第二較佳實施例的差別在於:將該第一及二電感Lpfc1、Lpfc2整合成單一個耦合電感,能將磁性元件(即電感)的數目減半,以達到簡化元件數,又該變形的操作程序與該第二較佳實施例相同,故不再重述。 Referring to FIG. 22, a modification of the second preferred embodiment is different from the second preferred embodiment in that the first and second inductors Lpfc1 and Lpfc2 are integrated into a single coupled inductor to enable magnetic The number of components (i.e., inductance) is halved to achieve a simplified number of components, and the operational procedure of the deformation is the same as that of the second preferred embodiment, and therefore will not be repeated.
綜上所述,上述實施例具有以下優點: In summary, the above embodiment has the following advantages:
1.該電源轉換裝置的電路成本較低。由於該功因修正電路3相較於先前技術的功因修正電路12少了該第一電容C1、該第二電容C2,及該第二電感L2(見圖1)等電子元件,且該電源轉換裝置不需額外利用一整流電路進行整流,使得該電源轉換裝置的的電子元件數目較少,故能降低元件成本。 1. The power conversion device has a low circuit cost. Since the power factor correction circuit 3 has fewer electronic components such as the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, and the second inductor L2 (see FIG. 1) than the prior art power factor correction circuit 12, and the power source The conversion device does not need to additionally use a rectifying circuit for rectification, so that the number of electronic components of the power conversion device is small, so that the component cost can be reduced.
2.該電源轉換裝置的控制方法及架構較為簡單。由於該電源轉換裝置相較於先前技術的電源轉換裝置僅需一個控制電路4,故能簡化電路架構並以較簡單的控制 方法實現電源轉換的運作。 2. The control method and architecture of the power conversion device are relatively simple. Since the power conversion device requires only one control circuit 4 compared to the prior art power conversion device, the circuit architecture can be simplified and the control is simpler. The method realizes the operation of power conversion.
3.該電源轉換裝置的開關數目較少。由於該功因修正電路3僅使用二個開關S1、S2,且該降壓轉換電路5不需額外使用開關,故能減少該電源轉換裝置的開關數目。 3. The number of switches of the power conversion device is small. Since the power factor correction circuit 3 uses only two switches S1 and S2, and the step-down conversion circuit 5 does not need to additionally use a switch, the number of switches of the power conversion device can be reduced.
4.提升轉換功率的效能。由於該電源轉換裝置僅需一個控制電路4,且藉由利用該濾波電路2、該功因修正電路3,及該降壓轉換電路13等三段電路即可進行轉換功率,相較於先前技術的電源轉換裝置(見圖1)不需再額外經過該全橋整流電路11,且精簡該降壓轉換電路13的第三及第四開關S3、S4,而少了二個開關切換功率損失,實質上可視為不需經由先前技術的該功因修正電路12、該降壓轉換電路13這二級電路的各自開關轉換(見圖1),故能提升轉換功率的效能。 4. Improve the performance of conversion power. Since the power conversion device only needs one control circuit 4, and the three-stage circuit such as the filter circuit 2, the power factor correction circuit 3, and the step-down conversion circuit 13 can be used to convert power, compared with the prior art. The power conversion device (see FIG. 1) does not need to additionally pass through the full bridge rectifier circuit 11, and the third and fourth switches S3 and S4 of the buck conversion circuit 13 are simplified, and the power loss of the two switches is reduced. The performance of the conversion power can be improved by substantially changing the respective switching of the secondary circuit of the power correction circuit 12 and the buck conversion circuit 13 (see FIG. 1).
惟以上所述者,僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已,當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍,即大凡依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾,皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。 The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the patent application scope and patent specification content of the present invention, All remain within the scope of the invention patent.
2‧‧‧濾波電路 2‧‧‧Filter circuit
Lf‧‧‧輸入電感 Lf‧‧‧Input Inductance
Cf‧‧‧輸入電容 Cf‧‧‧ input capacitor
3‧‧‧功因修正電路 3‧‧‧Power correction circuit
Lpfc1‧‧‧第一電感 Lpfc1‧‧‧first inductor
D1‧‧‧第一二極體 D1‧‧‧First Diode
D2‧‧‧第二二極體 D2‧‧‧ second diode
S1‧‧‧第一開關 S1‧‧‧ first switch
S2‧‧‧第二開關 S2‧‧‧ second switch
CB‧‧‧直流鏈電容 CB‧‧‧DC link capacitor
4‧‧‧控制電路 4‧‧‧Control circuit
5‧‧‧降壓轉換電路 5‧‧‧Buck conversion circuit
51‧‧‧變壓器 51‧‧‧Transformers
n1‧‧‧一次側繞組 N1‧‧‧ primary winding
n2‧‧‧二次側繞組 N2‧‧‧secondary winding
Cr‧‧‧諧振電容 Cr‧‧‧Resonance Capacitor
Lr‧‧‧諧振電感 Lr‧‧‧Resonant Inductance
Lm‧‧‧激磁電感 Lm‧‧‧Magnetic Inductance
D3‧‧‧第三二極體 D3‧‧‧ third diode
D4‧‧‧第四二極體 D4‧‧‧ fourth diode
Co‧‧‧輸出電容 Co‧‧‧ output capacitor
LED‧‧‧發光二極體模組 LED‧‧‧Light Diode Module
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TWI586092B (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2017-06-01 | 光寶電子(廣州)有限公司 | Single-stage ac-to-dc converter |
US11336173B1 (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2022-05-17 | Chicony Power Technology Co., Ltd. | Power converter device and driving method |
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CN201533427U (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2010-07-21 | 浙江摩根电子科技有限公司 | LLC self-excited half-bridge resonant LED driver |
TWI407677B (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2013-09-01 | Univ Ishou | Power conversion device |
CN102510610B (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2014-04-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 | Single-stage AC-DC (alternating current-direct current) high-power LED (light-emitting diode) lighting drive circuit |
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TWI586092B (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2017-06-01 | 光寶電子(廣州)有限公司 | Single-stage ac-to-dc converter |
US11336173B1 (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2022-05-17 | Chicony Power Technology Co., Ltd. | Power converter device and driving method |
TWI771882B (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2022-07-21 | 群光電能科技股份有限公司 | Power converter device and driving method |
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