TW201438430A - Acknowledgement (ACK) type indication and deferral time determination - Google Patents

Abstract

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for indicating a type of response for acknowledging a protocol data unit. One example method for wireless communications by a first apparatus generally includes transmitting a physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) to a second apparatus and setting at least one bit in a PLCP header of the PPDU to indicate a type of response expected from the second apparatus responsive to the transmitted PPDU.

Description

Confirmation (ACK) type indication and deferred time decision (1) [Priority claim based on patent law]

This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 61/769,718 (Attorney Docket No. 131781 P2) filed on Feb. 26, 2013, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

Some aspects of the case are generally related to wireless communications, and in particular to the type of response indicated for identifying the agreed data unit.

Wireless communication networks are widely deployed to provide a variety of communication services such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, and broadcast. The wireless networks may be multiplexed networks capable of supporting multiple users by sharing available network resources. Examples of such multiplex networks include code division multiplex access (CDMA) networks, time division multiplex access (TDMA) networks, frequency division multiplex access (FDMA) networks, and orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA). Network and single carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) networks.

In order to address the desire for greater coverage and increased communication range, various solutions are being developed. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers The sub-1 GHz frequency range developed by the (IEEE) 802.11ah task group (eg, operating in the 902-928 MHz range in the United States). Such development is driven by the desire to utilize a frequency range that has a greater wireless range than other IEEE 802.11 groups and has lower blocking losses.

The various aspects of the case are generally related to the type of response indicated in the agreement data unit for confirming the transmitted agreement data unit.

Some aspects of the present disclosure provide a first device for wireless communication. The first device generally includes a transmitter and a processing system configured to transmit a Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) to the second device, the processing system configured to set the PLCP header of the PPDU At least one bit of the indication is expected to be of a response type from the second device in response to the transmitted PPDU.

Some aspects of the present invention provide a means for wireless communication. The apparatus generally includes a receiver and a processing system configured to receive a PPDU, the processing system configured to determine a type of response to be sent for the PPDU based on at least one bit in a PLCP header of the PPDU.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide a method for wireless communication by a first device. The method generally includes transmitting a PPDU to a second device and setting at least one bit in a PLCP header of the PPDU to indicate a type of response expected from the second device in response to the transmitted PPDU.

Certain aspects of the present invention provide a method for wireless communication by a device. The method generally includes receiving a PPDU and determining a type of response to be sent for the PPDU based on at least one bit in a PLCP header of the PPDU.

Certain aspects of the present invention provide a first device for wireless communication. The first device generally includes means for transmitting a PPDU to the second device and means for setting at least one bit in the PLCP header of the PPDU to indicate a type of response expected from the second device in response to the transmitted PPDU .

Some aspects of the present invention provide a device for wireless communication. The apparatus generally includes means for receiving a PPDU and means for determining a type of response to be sent for the PPDU based on at least one bit in a PLCP header of the PPDU.

Some aspects of the present invention provide a computer program product for wireless communication. The computer program product generally includes computer readable media having instructions that are generally executable to transmit a PPDU to a device and to set at least one bit in a PLCP header of the PPDU to indicate an expectation in response to the transmitted PPDU. The type of response from the device.

Some aspects of the present invention provide a computer program product for wireless communication. The computer program product generally includes a computer readable medium having instructions operable to receive a PPDU at a device and determine a type of response to be sent for the PPDU based on at least one bit in a PLCP header of the PPDU. .

Some aspects of the present disclosure provide a first wireless station for wireless communication. The first wireless station generally includes at least one antenna; a transmitter configured to transmit a PPDU to the second wireless station via the at least one antenna; and a processing system configured to set the PLCP header of the PPDU At least one bit of the indication is expected to be of a type of response from the second wireless station in response to the transmitted PPDU.

Some aspects of the present invention provide a wireless station for wireless communication. The wireless station generally includes at least one antenna; a receiver configured to receive a PPDU via the at least one antenna; and a processing system configured to be based on at least one bit in a PLCP header of the PPDU Determine the type of response to be sent for this PPDU.

100‧‧‧Multiple Access Multiple Input Multiple Output System

110‧‧‧ access point

120‧‧‧User terminal

120m‧‧‧user terminal

120x‧‧‧user terminal

130‧‧‧System Controller

208‧‧‧Source

210‧‧‧TX data processor

220‧‧‧Transmission space processor

224a‧‧‧Antenna

224ap‧‧‧Antenna

228‧‧‧channel estimator

230‧‧‧ Controller

234‧‧‧ Scheduler

240‧‧‧RX Space Processor

242‧‧‧RX data processor

244‧‧‧ data slot

252ma‧‧‧Antenna

252mu‧‧‧Antenna

252xa‧‧‧Antenna

252xu‧‧‧Antenna

254‧‧‧transmitter unit

260‧‧‧ receiving space processor

270‧‧‧ Receiving data processor

278‧‧‧channel estimator

280‧‧‧ Controller

286‧‧‧Source

288‧‧‧Transmission data processor

290‧‧‧Transmission space processor

302‧‧‧Wireless equipment

304‧‧‧ processor

306‧‧‧ memory

308‧‧‧Shell

310‧‧‧transmitter

312‧‧‧ Receiver

314‧‧‧ transceiver

316‧‧‧ transmit antenna

318‧‧‧Signal Detector

320‧‧‧Digital Signal Processor

322‧‧‧ busbar system

700‧‧‧ operation

700A‧‧ means

702‧‧‧Steps

704‧‧‧Steps

800‧‧‧ operation

800A‧‧ means

802‧‧ steps

802A‧‧ means

804‧‧‧ steps

804A‧‧ means

To more clearly understand the manner in which the above-described features of the present disclosure are used, the above briefly summarized aspects may be more specifically described with reference to the various aspects, some of which are illustrated in the drawings. It should be noted, however, that the drawings are only illustrative of certain typical aspects of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, as this description may permit other equivalents.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless communication network in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.

2 is a block diagram of an example access point and user terminal in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.

3 is a block diagram of an example wireless device in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.

4-6 illustrate example encodings of acknowledgment (ACK) indication fields in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.

7 is a flow diagram of an example operation of wireless communication by a originator in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7A illustrates an example apparatus capable of performing the operations shown in FIG.

Figure 8 is a wireless communication by a receiver in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. Flowchart of the example operation of the message.

FIG. 8A illustrates an example means capable of performing the operations shown in FIG.

Various aspects of the present invention are described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to any specific structure or function. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and the scope of the invention will be fully conveyed by those skilled in the art. Based on the teachings herein, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the scope of the present invention is intended to cover any aspect of the present disclosure as disclosed herein, regardless of the aspects of the present invention. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein can be used to implement an apparatus or a method of practice. In addition, the scope of the present invention is intended to cover such an apparatus or method that is practiced as a supplement to the various aspects of the present invention as described herein or other structural, functional or structural and functional. It should be understood that any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein can be implemented by one or more elements of the claim.

The wording "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance or description." Any aspect described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous.

Although specific aspects are described herein, numerous variations and permutations of such aspects are within the scope of the present disclosure. Although some benefits and advantages of the preferred aspects are mentioned, the scope of the present invention is not intended to be limited to a particular benefit, use, or objective. Specifically, the various aspects of the case are intended to be broadly applicable to different Wireless technology, system configuration, networking, and transport protocols, some of which are illustrated by way of example in the drawings and the following description of the preferred aspects. The detailed description and the drawings are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

The acronyms listed below can be used in this document in accordance with generally accepted usage in the field of wireless communications. Other acronyms may also be used herein and, if not defined in the list below, are defined where the acronym first appears in this document.

ACK................Confirm

A-MPDU.....Aggregate MAC protocol data unit

AP.................... access point

BA........................block confirmation

BAR.................block confirmation request

CRC.................cyclic redundancy check

DCF.................Distributed coordination function

DIFS.................DCF Interframe Space

EOF..................End of the frame

EIFS.................Extension frame space

FCS..................frame check sequence

ID....................identifier

IEEE................... Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

LTF.................long training field

MAC................media access control

MSB................the most significant bit

MIMO..................multiple input and multiple output

MPDU.............MAC agreement data unit

MU..............multiple users

MU-MIMO.....multi-user multi-input multi-output

NDP................empty data packet

OFDM.............Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

OFDMA..........Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access

PHY................... physical layer

PLCP...............solid layer aggregation agreement

PPDU..............PLCP Agreement Data Unit

PSDU..............PLCP Service Data Unit

QoS................service quality

RDG................reverse grant

S1G.................Asia 1GHz

SDMA.............subspace multiplex access

SIFS................short interframe space

SIG..................signal

STA....................

STBC..............space time block coding

STF.................short training field

SU..................single user

TCP................Transmission Control Protocol

VHT...............Ultra high throughput

WLAN...........Wireless Local Area Network

Example wireless communication system

The techniques described herein can be used in a variety of broadband wireless communication systems, including communication systems based on orthogonal multiplexing schemes. Examples of such communication systems include sub-space multiplex access (SDMA), time division multiplex access (TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiplexing access (SC) -FDMA) system, etc. SDMA systems can utilize multiple different directions to simultaneously transmit data belonging to multiple user terminals. The TDMA system allows multiple user terminals to share the same frequency channel by dividing the transmission signals into different time slots, each time slot being assigned to a different user terminal. The OFDMA system utilizes orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), which is a modulation technique that divides the overall system bandwidth into multiple orthogonal subcarriers. The secondary carriers may also be referred to as tones, frequency bands, and the like. Under OFDM, each subcarrier can be independently modulated with data. SC-FDMA systems can be transmitted over sub-carriers distributed across system bandwidth using interleaved FDMA (IFDMA), transmitted on blocks consisting of adjacent subcarriers using localized FDMA (LFDMA), or using enhanced FDMA (EFDMA) Transmitted on multiple blocks consisting of adjacent subcarriers. In general, modulation symbols are transmitted in the frequency domain under OFDM and in the time domain under SC-FDMA.

The teachings herein may be incorporated into (eg, implemented within or performed by) various wired or wireless devices (eg, nodes). In some aspects, a wireless node implemented in accordance with the teachings herein can include an access point or an access terminal.

An access point ("AP") may include, be implemented as, or be referred to as a Node B, a Radio Network Controller ("RNC"), an evolved Node B (eNB), a Base Station Controller ("BSC"), Base transceiver station ("BTS"), base station ("BS "), transceiver function ("TF"), radio router, radio transceiver, basic service set ("BSS"), extended service set ("ESS"), radio base station ("RBS") or some other term .

An access terminal ("AT") can include, be implemented as, or be referred to as a subscriber station, subscriber unit, mobile station (MS), remote station, remote terminal, user terminal (UT), user agent, User equipment, user equipment (UE), user station or some other terminology. In some implementations, the access terminal can include a cellular telephone, a wireless telephone, a Session Initiation Protocol ("SIP") telephone, a Wireless Area Loop ("WLL") station, a Personal Digital Assistant ("PDA"), and wireless connectivity. A handheld device, station ("STA") or some other suitable processing device connected to a wireless data modem. Accordingly, one or more aspects taught herein can be incorporated into a telephone (eg, a cellular or smart phone), a computer (eg, a laptop), a tablet, a portable communication device, A portable computing device (eg, a personal data assistant), an entertainment device (eg, a music or video device or satellite radio), a global positioning system (GPS) device, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via wireless or wired media. In some aspects, the node is a wireless node. Such wireless nodes may provide connectivity or provide connectivity to the network (e.g., a wide area network (such as the Internet) or a cellular network), such as via a wired or wireless communication link.

FIG. 1 illustrates a multiplexed access multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system 100 having an access point and a user terminal. For simplicity, only one access point 110 is illustrated in FIG. An access point is typically a fixed station that communicates with each user terminal and may also be referred to as a base station or some other terminology. The user terminal can be fixed or mobile and can also be called a mobile station, a wireless device, or some other Terms. Access point 110 can communicate with one or more user terminals 120 on the downlink and uplink at any given time. The downlink (ie, the forward link) is the communication link from the access point to the user terminal, and the uplink (ie, the reverse link) is the communication from the user terminal to the access point. link. The user terminal can also perform peer-to-peer communication with another user terminal. System controller 130 is coupled to each access point and provides coordination and control of the access points.

Although portions of the disclosure below will describe user terminals 120 that are capable of communicating via sub-space multiplex access (SDMA), for some aspects, user terminal 120 may also include some user terminals that do not support SDMA. Thus, for this aspect, the AP 110 can be configured to communicate with both the SDMA user terminal and the non-SDMA user terminal. This approach may facilitate allowing older versions of user terminals ("legacy" stations) to still be deployed in the enterprise to extend their useful life while allowing the introduction of newer SDMA user terminals where deemed appropriate.

System 100 employs multiple transmit antennas and multiple receive antennas for data transmission on the downlink and uplink. Access point 110 is equipped with N _ap antennas and represents multiple inputs (MI) for downlink transmissions and multiple outputs (MO) for uplink transmissions. The set with K selected user terminals 120 collectively represents multiple outputs for downlink transmissions and multiple inputs for uplink transmissions. For pure SDMA, if the data symbol stream of K user terminals is not multiplexed in code, frequency or time by some means, it is expected to have N _ap K 1. K may be greater than N _ap if the data symbol stream can be multiplexed using TDMA techniques, using different code channels under CDMA, using disjoint sets of subbands under OFDM, and the like. Each selected user terminal transmits user-specific data to the access point and/or receives user-specific data from the access point. In general, each selected user terminal may be equipped with one or multiple antennas (i.e., N _ut 1). The K selected user terminals may have the same or different number of antennas.

System 100 can be a time division duplex (TDD) system or a frequency division duplex (FDD) system. For TDD systems, the downlink and uplink share the same frequency band. For FDD systems, the downlink and uplink use different frequency bands. The MIMO system 100 can also utilize single or multiple carriers for transmission. Each user terminal can be equipped with a single antenna (eg, to suppress cost) or multiple antennas (eg, where additional cost can be supported). The system 100 can also be a TDMA system if the user terminals 120 share the same frequency channel by dividing the transmission/reception into different time slots, each time slot being assigned to a different user terminal 120.

2 illustrates a block diagram of an access point 110 and two user terminals 120m and 120x in a MIMO system 100. Access point 110 is equipped with N _t antennas 224a through 224t. User terminal 120m is equipped with N _{ut, m} antennas 252ma through 252mu, and user terminal 120x is equipped with N _{ut, x} antennas 252xa through 252xu. Access point 110 is the transmitting entity for the downlink and the receiving entity for the uplink. Each user terminal 120 is a transmitting entity for the uplink and a receiving entity for the downlink. As used herein, a "transport entity" is an independently operated device or device capable of transmitting data via a wireless channel, and a "receiving entity" is an independently operated device or device capable of receiving data via a wireless channel. In the following description, the subscript "dn " indicates the downlink, the subscript " up " indicates the uplink, N _up user terminals are selected for simultaneous transmission on the uplink, and N _dn user terminals are selected. For simultaneous transmission on the downlink, N _up may or may not be equal to N _dn , and N _up and N _dn may be static values or may vary with each scheduling interval. Beam steering or some other spatial processing technique can be used at the access point and user terminal.

On the uplink, at each user terminal 120 selected for uplink transmission, a transmit (TX) data processor 288 receives traffic data from data source 286 and control data from controller 280. The transmit data processor 288 processes (e.g., encodes, interleaves, and modulates) the traffic data of the user terminal and provides a stream of data symbols based on a coding and modulation scheme associated with the rate selected for the user terminal. The transmit spatial processor 290 performs spatial processing on data symbol streams to N _{ut, m} antennas provide N _{ut, m} transmit symbol streams. Each transmitter unit (TMTR) 254 receives and processes (e.g., converts to analog, amplifies, filters, and upconverts) respective transmit symbol streams to produce an uplink signal. N _{ut, m} transmitter units 254 provide N _{ut, m} uplink signals for transmission from N _{ut, m} antennas 252 to the access point.

N _up user terminals can be scheduled for simultaneous transmission on the uplink. Each of the user terminals performs spatial processing on its own data symbol stream and transmits its own set of transmitted symbol streams to the access point on the uplink.

At access point 110, N _ap antennas 224a through 224ap receive uplink signals from all N _up user terminals transmitting on the uplink. Each antenna 224 provides a received signal to a respective receiver unit (RCVR) 222. Each receiver unit 222 performs processing complementary to that performed by the transmitter unit 254 and provides a received symbol stream. The RX spatial processor 240 performs receiver spatial processing on the N _ap received symbol streams from the N _ap receiver units 222 and provides N _up recovered uplink data symbol streams. Receiver spatial processing is performed based on channel correlation matrix inversion (CCMI), minimum mean square error (MMSE), soft interference cancellation (SIC), or some other technique. Each recovered uplink data symbol stream is an estimate of the data symbol stream transmitted by the respective user terminal. RX data processor 242 processes (e.g., demodulates, deinterleaves, and decodes) the recovered uplink data symbol stream to obtain a rate based on the rate used for each recovered uplink data symbol stream. Decode the data. The decoded data for each user terminal can be provided to data slot 244 for storage and/or to controller 230 for further processing.

On the downlink, at access point 110, a transmit data processor 210 receives traffic data process number N _dn user terminal downlink transmission from a data source, then the discharge is to be 208, the controller 230 from Control data and possibly other information from scheduler 234. Various types of data can be sent on different transmission channels. TX data processor 210 processes (e.g., encodes, interleaves, and modulates) traffic data to the user terminal based on the rate selected for each user terminal. The transmit data processor 210 provides N _dn downlink data symbol streams for N _dn user terminals. The transmit spatial processor 220 performs spatial processing (such as precoding or beamforming, as described in the present case) for N _dn downlink data symbol streams and provides N _ap transmit symbol streams for the N _ap antennas. Each transmitter unit 222 receives and processes a respective transmit symbol stream to generate a downlink signal. The N _ap transmitter units 222 provide N _ap downlink signals for transmission from the N _ap antennas 224 to the user terminal.

At each user terminal _120, N _{ut, m} antennas 252 receive the N _ap downlink signals from access point 110. Each receiver unit 254 processes the received signal from the associated antenna 252 and provides a received symbol stream. Spatial processor 260 receives from the N _{ut, m} th receiver unit N _{ut 254, m} is a received symbol streams, and perform receiver spatial processing is supplied to the downlink data symbol stream is recovered user terminal . Receiver spatial processing is performed according to CCMI, MMSE, or some other technique. Receive data processor 270 processes (e.g., demodulates, deinterleaves, and decodes) the recovered downlink data symbol stream to obtain decoded data for the user terminal.

At each user terminal 120, channel estimator 278 estimates the downlink channel response and provides a downlink channel estimate, which may include channel gain estimates, SNR estimates, noise variances, and the like. Similarly, channel estimator 228 estimates the uplink channel response and provides an uplink channel estimate. Controller 280 for each user terminal typically based on the user terminal downlink channel response matrix H _{dn, m} derives the spatial filter matrix for the user terminal. The controller 230 response matrix H _up based on the effective uplink _{channel, eff} derives the spatial filter matrix for the access point. The controller 280 of each user terminal can send feedback information (eg, downlink and/or uplink feature vectors, eigenvalues, SNR estimates, etc.) to the access point. Controllers 230 and 280 also control the operation of various processing units at access point 110 and user terminal 120, respectively.

FIG. 3 illustrates various elements that may be utilized in wireless device 302 that may be employed within MIMO system 100. Wireless device 302 is an example of a device that can be configured to implement the various methods described herein. Wireless device 302 can be access point 110 or user terminal 120.

Wireless device 302 can include processing to control the operation of wireless device 302 304. Processor 304 may also be referred to as a central processing unit (CPU). Memory 306, which may include both read-only memory (ROM) and random access memory (RAM), provides instructions and data to processor 304. A portion of the memory 306 may also include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM). The processor 304 typically performs logical and arithmetic operations based on program instructions stored in the memory 306. The instructions in memory 306 may be executable to implement the methods described herein.

The wireless device 302 can also include a housing 308 that can include a transmitter 310 and a receiver 312 to allow for the transfer and reception of data between the wireless device 302 and a remote location. Transmitter 310 and receiver 312 can be combined into transceiver 314. A single or a plurality of transmit antennas 316 can be attached to the housing 308 and electrically coupled to the transceiver 314. Wireless device 302 can also include (not shown) multiple transmitters, multiple receivers, and multiple transceivers.

The wireless device 302 can also include a signal detector 318 that can be used to attempt to detect and quantize the level of signals received by the transceiver 314. Signal detector 318 can detect signals such as total energy, energy per symbol per symbol, power spectral density, and other signals. Wireless device 302 can also include a digital signal processor (DSP) 320 for processing signals.

The various components of the wireless device 302 can be coupled together by a busbar system 322 that can include, in addition to the data busbars, a power busbar, a control signal busbar, and a status signal busbar.

Example ACK type indication and EIFS

IEEE 802.11ah, also known as HEW (High Efficiency WiFi or High Efficiency WLAN) or Sub-1 GHz (S1G), is a modification of the IEEE 802.11 standard that allows for a longer range in 802.11 networks. The 802.11ah channel will only be dedicated to 802.11ah, this implies that there are no legacy 802.11 devices in these channels. This allows redesigning the PLCP header (also known as the PHY header) and resolving the problem that the third party recipient of the PPDU is currently unaware of whether there will be a response to the PPDU.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques and apparatus for transmitting PPDUs (e.g., S1G PPDUs) that include an ACK indicator field (also referred to as a response indication field) in its PLCP header. The ACK indicator field may indicate the type of response (if any) to the PPDU. This type of response is used by a third party receiver (not the recipient of the MPDU in the PPDU or the recipient of the MPDU in the PPDU) to defer the possible response to the PPDU. The postponement can be based on restoring the inter-frame space (EIFS) time before the backoff. If the MAC part cannot be decoded, the EIFS is started after the received PPDU.

According to some aspects, the ACK indicator field can be included in the Signal (SIG) field of the S1G PPDU. The ACK indicator field can be a 2-bit size that specifies four possible response types (0-3). An exemplary encoding of the ACK indicator field is illustrated in FIG.

The convention in S1G is that the MPDU <512 bytes are indicated by the octet count in the SIG field and the packet 512 octets is indicated by the number of symbols of the PPDU. In the latter case, the A-MPDU is used in the MAC portion of the frame (this implies that the octet count of the MPDU is indicated by the MPDU delimiter and also implies that a block acknowledgment (block Ack) can be used). Whether the length field is interpreted as an octet count or a symbol count depends on the setting of the aggregated bit. For some aspects, the length, aggregation, and ACK indications are part of the SIG field of the PLCP header. The End of Frame (EOF) field is part of the MPDU delimiter. When the first non-zero length MPDU delimiter has an EOF value equal to 1, this signal delivery notification informs that only a single MPDU exists in the PPDU and the response should be an ACK frame (normal or NDP format, where NDP usually contains only PLCP header, which is the real empty data packet). Otherwise, the response to the A-MPDU is block Ack (normal or NDP format). The normal block Ack frame is typically a 32-bit tuple compressed type that includes an MPDU header, a start sequence number (SSN), and a 64-bit block Ack bit map.

Reverse grant (RDG) generally refers to the mechanism used to grant the receiver the time to send a response frame other than ACK or block Ack. For RDG, the ACK indication is set to a long response (ACK indication = 3).

The exemplary ACK indication field code illustrated in FIG. 4 provides an indication of no response, NDP response, normal (control) response, and long response. There is no indication of a normal ACK combined with a very high throughput (VHT) single MPDU, since it is assumed that an NDP ACK can be used in this case instead of a normal ACK. It is possible to add a normal ACK indication for a VHT single MPDU, but this would require a fifth response type, which means that 3 bits are used for the ACK indication field. Currently only 2 bits are available, so this design choice omits the normal ACK option for VHT single MPDUs.

It is possible to use the ACK indication value 2 (normal response) to send a normal ACK as a response to a VHT single MPDU, but both the sender and the receiver of the normal ACK can observe the EIFS after ACK, and the EIFS after the ACK is equal to the block Ack (BA) Transmission time difference between ACK and ACK: ACK after ACK = BA transmission time - ACK transmission time

The EIFS after ACK (for a single MPDU for VHT) is illustrated in Figure 5. The ACK indicates an exemplary encoding of the field.

Another solution is to send a block Ack frame instead of an ACK frame, where the SSN and block Ack bit maps are set to all 0s or some other reserved value. Yet another solution is to fill the 32-octet A-MPDU with a zero-length delimiter (4 octets non-zero MPDU delimiter, 14 octets ACK, 2 octets) The ACK is sent in the form of a bit group's A-MPDU padding and 3 zero length delimiters. 6 illustrates an exemplary encoding of an ACK indicator field for an ACK of 32 octets for a VHT single MPDU.

Long response types potentially result in very long EIFS being initiated at third party recipients. To avoid unfairness, a PPDU with an ACK indication (=3) that is a long response may be followed by a PPDU with a different ACK indication (<3). The following PPDU truncates the EIFS at the third party receiver and puts all the contenders back on the same schedule to resume the backoff.

In some aspects, the techniques provided herein generally provide a mapping of ACK indicator bits, which allows the receiver to perform a request for multiple frames (including NDP, normal control frame, and long frame) for the request frame. Select (and allow other STAs to detect this). The selection may be based on the ACK indication field in the PHY preamble signal and as discussed above, other information available at the PHY preamble (eg, aggregated bits) and some information at the MPDU delimiter (eg, EOF) may be used. Certain aspects of the case are also generally related to calculating EIFS based on the indication.

In some cases, the new ACK indication may not have an explicit value for the "Block Ack" ACK policy from the QoS Control field, but only an implicit value. This can help the ACK indicate the bits in the field. In some cases, "Block Ack The implicit indication of the ACK policy can be provided via the following settings:

- ACK indication = 0 (no response)

- Aggregation = 1 (A-MPDU)

- The first non-zero length MPDU delimiter has EOF = 0 (ie no VHT single A-MPDU)

When the value is in the PPDU header and the first non-zero length MPDU delimiter, the ACK policy is equal to "block Ack", which means that the status of the received MPDU is recorded (ie, the block Ack bit) The mapping can be formed based on this, but no block Ack frame is sent after the PPDU.

7 is a flow diagram of an example operation 700 for wireless communication by a start (transmit) device in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. Operation 700 can begin at 702 where the initiating device transmits a PPDU to the receiving device. At 704, prior to the actual transmission at 702, the initiating device sets at least one bit in the PLCP header of the PPDU to indicate the type of response expected from the receiving device in response to the transmitted PPDU.

According to some aspects, operation 700 further includes the initiating device selecting an indication (i.e., a response type) from a group type comprising at least one type that allows the second device to send a response in a null data packet (NDP).

According to some aspects, operation 700 further includes the initiating device setting a bit in a signal (SIG) field or a media access control (MAC) protocol data unit (MPDU) delimiter of the PPDU to indicate that the PPDU comprises a single The value of the MPDU.

According to some aspects, the at least one bit is set to indicate a value that is not expected to have a response.

According to some aspects, the at least one bit is at least two bits set to indicate a value that is not expected to have a response, is expected to have a null data packet (NDP) response, is expected to have a normal response, or is expected to have a long response.

According to some aspects, operation 700 can further include the initiating device setting a bit in a PLCP header (eg, in a SIG field) of the PPDU to indicate whether the PPDU includes an aggregated MAC protocol data unit (A-MPDU) value.

According to some aspects, operation 700 can further include the initiating device setting the end of frame (EOF) value of the first MPDU delimiter of the PPDU having a non-zero length field to zero. This EOF value further indicates the type of response expected from the second device in response to the transmitted PPDU.

8 is a flow diagram of an example operation 800 for wireless communication by a receiving device in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. Operation 800 can begin at 802 where a receiving device receives a PPDU. At 804, the receiving device determines a type of response to be sent for the PPDU based on at least one bit in the PLCP header of the PPDU.

According to some aspects, the response type is selected from a group type comprising at least one type that allows the device to send a response in a null data packet (NDP). In this case, operation 800 may further involve the receiving device transmitting the type of response in the NDP based on the decision.

Depending on certain aspects, determining the response type at 804 may involve determining that the at least one bit is set to a value indicating that no response is to be sent.

According to some aspects, operation 800 can further include the receiving device determining that a bit in the PLCP header (eg, SIG field) of the PPDU is set to indicate that the PPDU includes an aggregate media access control (MAC) protocol data unit ( The value of A-MPDU) is based on this bit in the PLCP header (eg, SIG field) The element transmits a block acknowledgment (BA) in response to the PPDU. For some aspects, the decision can be based on the EOF field in the MPDU delimiter.

According to some aspects, operation 800 can further include the receiving device determining that the first non-zero length MPDU delimiter has an End of Frame (EOF) value set to zero and transmitting a block acknowledgment in response to the PPDU based on the EOF value (BA).

Operation 800 may, in accordance with certain aspects, further cause the receiving device to transmit a response of the determined type.

According to some aspects, the at least one bit is set to indicate a value to send a long response.

The various operations of the methods described above can be performed by any suitable means capable of performing the corresponding functions. Such means may include various hardware and/or software components and/or modules including, but not limited to, circuits, special application integrated circuits (ASICs) or processors. In general, where there are operations illustrated in the figures, such operations may have corresponding pairing means functional elements with similar numbers. For example, operations 700 and 800 illustrated in Figures 7 and 8 correspond to means 700A and 800A illustrated in Figures 7A and 8A, respectively.

For example, the means for transmitting may include the transmitter (e.g., transmitter unit 222) and/or antenna 224 of the access point 110 illustrated in FIG. 2, the transmission of the user terminal 120 illustrated in FIG. (e.g., transmitter unit 254) and/or antenna 252 or transmitter 310 and/or antenna 316 illustrated in FIG. Means for receiving may include a receiver (eg, receiver unit 222) of access point 110 illustrated in FIG. 2 and/or an antenna 224, a receiver of user terminal 120 illustrated in FIG. 2 (eg, Receiver unit 254) and/or antenna 252 or receiver 312 and/or antenna 316 illustrated in FIG. Means for processing, for setting Means, means for selection, means for interpretation, means for inclusion, means for (individual) indication, means for encoding, means for providing, means for generating and/or The means for (single) decision may include a processing system that may include one or more processors, such as RX data processor 242, TX data processor 210, and access point 110 illustrated in FIG. Or controller 230, RX data processor 270, TX data processor 288 and/or controller 280 of user terminal 120 illustrated in FIG. 2, or processor 304 and/or illustrated in FIG. DSP 320.

According to some aspects, such means may be implemented by a processing system configured to perform various functions by implementing various algorithms (eg, by hardware or by executing software instructions). For example, an algorithm for setting a bit to indicate a type of response desired for transmission (eg, an MPDU or PPDU) may receive as input a transmission type and conditional input to be sent, which may or may not be determined for the transmission What kind of response type is expected as a consideration. Based on this input, the algorithm can set the appropriate bits to indicate the desired type of response. Similarly, an algorithm for determining which type of response is desired based on the bits in the received transmission can receive (as input) the bit and decide which type of response to expect based on the value of the bit.

As used herein, the term "decision" encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, a "decision" may include calculations, calculations, processing, derivation, research, inspection (eg, viewing in a table, database, or other data structure), detection, and the like. Moreover, "decision" may include receiving (eg, receiving information), accessing (eg, accessing data in memory), and the like. Moreover, "decision" may also include analysis, selection, selection, establishment, and the like.

As used herein, a phrase referring to "at least one of" a list of items refers to any combination of the items, including the individual members. As an example, "at least one of a , b or c " is intended to cover: a , b , c , a - b , a - c , b - c and a - b - c .

Various illustrative logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the present disclosure may be implemented by general purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), special application integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable Design logic devices (PLDs), individual gate or transistor logic, individual hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein are implemented or executed. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any commercially available processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

The steps of the method or algorithm described in connection with the present invention can be implemented directly in hardware or in a software module executed by a processor or in a combination of the two. The software modules can reside in any form of storage medium known in the art. Some examples of storage media that may be used include random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), flash memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, scratchpad, hard disk, removable magnetic Disc, CD-ROM, and more. The software module can include a single instruction or a majority of instructions, and can be distributed over several different code segments, distributed among different programs, and distributed across multiple storage media. The storage medium can be coupled to the processor such that the processor can read and write information from/to the storage medium. Alternatively, the storage medium can be integrated into the processor.

The methods disclosed herein comprise one or more steps or actions for achieving the methods described. The method steps and/or actions may be interchanged without departing from the scope of the claimed invention. In other words, the order and/or use of specific steps and/or actions may be modified without departing from the scope of the claims.

The functions described can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination of the above. If implemented in hardware, the example hardware settings can include a processing system in the wireless node. The processing system can be implemented with a bus architecture. The bus bar can include any number of interconnect bus bars and bridges depending on the particular application of the processing system and overall design constraints. The bus bar connects various circuits including the processor, machine readable media, and bus interface. The bus interface can be used to connect a network interface card or the like to a processing system via a bus bar. The network interface card can be used to implement the signal processing function of the PHY layer. In the case of user terminal 120 (see FIG. 1), a user interface (eg, a keypad, display, mouse, joystick, etc.) can also be connected to the busbar. The busbars can also be coupled to various other circuits, such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, and the like, which are well known in the art and will therefore not be further described.

The processor is responsible for managing the bus and general processing, including executing software stored on machine readable media. The processor can be implemented with one or more general purpose and/or special purpose processors. Examples include microprocessors, microcontrollers, DSP processors, and other circuitry that can execute software. Software should be interpreted broadly to mean any combination of instructions, materials or instructions, materials, whether referred to as software, firmware, media, microcode, hardware description language, or other . As an example, the machine readable medium may include RAM (random access memory), flash memory, ROM (read only memory), PROM (programmable read only memory), EPROM (erasable program) Design read-only memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), scratchpad, diskette, compact disc, hard drive or any other suitable storage medium or any combination thereof. Machine readable media can be implemented in a computer program product. The computer program product can include packaging materials.

In a hardware implementation, the machine readable medium can be part of the processing system separate from the processor. However, as will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art, any portion of the machine readable medium or machine readable medium can be external to the processing system. By way of example, a machine readable medium can include a transmission line, a carrier modulated by the data, and/or a computer product separate from the wireless node, all of which can be accessed by the processor via the bus interface. Alternatively or additionally, any portion of the machine readable medium or machine readable medium may be integrated into the processor, such as cache memory and/or general purpose register files.

The processing system can be configured as a general purpose processing system having one or more microprocessors providing processor functionality and external memory providing at least a portion of machine readable media, a microprocessor and external memory The body is connected to other supporting circuits via an external bus structure. Alternatively, the processing system may use an ASIC with a processor integrated in a single chip, a bus interface, a user interface (in the case of an access terminal), a support circuitry, and at least a portion of machine readable media (special Apply integrated circuit), or use one or more FPGAs (field programmable gate array) Columns, PLDs (programmable logic devices), controllers, state machines, gated logic, individual hardware components or any other suitable circuitry or any combination of circuits capable of performing the various functionalities described throughout this document to realise. Those skilled in the art will recognize how best to implement the functions described with respect to the processing system, depending on the particular application and the overall design constraints imposed on the overall system.

Machine readable media can include several software modules. The software modules include instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processing system to perform various functions. The software modules can include a transmission module and a receiving module. Each software module can reside in a single storage device or be distributed across multiple storage devices. As an example, when a trigger event occurs, the software module can be loaded into the RAM from the hard drive. During execution of the software module, the processor can load some instructions into the cache to increase access speed. One or more cache memory lines can then be loaded into the general purpose scratchpad file for execution by the processor. In the following discussion of the functionality of a software module, it will be appreciated that such functionality is implemented by the processor when the processor executes instructions from the software module.

If implemented in software, each function can be stored as one or more instructions or codes on a computer readable medium or on a computer readable medium. Computer readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media, including any media that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. The storage medium can be any available media that can be accessed by the computer. By way of example and not limitation, such computer readable medium may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage device or can be used to carry or store instructions or data structures. Any other medium that expects code and can be accessed by a computer. Any connection is also properly referred to as computer readable media. For example, if the software is transmitted from a web site, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technology (such as infrared (IR), radio, and microwave). The coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies (such as infrared, radio, and microwave) are included in the definition of the media. As used herein, a disk (Disk) and disc (Disc), includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and Blu-ray ^® disc where disks (Disk) magnetically often The data is reproduced, and the disc uses laser to optically reproduce the data. Thus, in some aspects, computer readable media can include non-transitory computer readable media (eg, tangible media). Additionally, for other aspects, computer readable media can include transient computer readable media (eg, signals). The above combinations should be included in the scope of computer readable media.

Accordingly, certain aspects may include a computer program product for performing the operations provided herein. For example, such computer program products can include computer readable media having stored thereon (and/or encoded) instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the operations described herein. For some aspects, computer program products may include packaging materials.

In addition, it should be appreciated that modules and/or other suitable means for performing the methods and techniques described herein can be downloaded and/or otherwise obtained by a user terminal and/or base station where applicable. For example, such a device can be coupled to a server to facilitate the transfer of means for performing the methods described herein. Alternatively, the various methods described herein can be via a storage device (eg, RAM, ROM, physical storage medium such as a compact disc (CD) or floppy disk) The device is provided such that upon coupling or providing the storage device to the user terminal and/or the base station, the device can obtain various methods. Moreover, any other suitable technique suitable for providing the methods and techniques described herein to a device can be utilized.

It should be understood that the scope of the patent application is not limited to the precise arrangements and elements described above. Various modifications, changes and variations can be made in the arrangement, operation and details of the methods and apparatus described above without departing from the scope of the claims.

700‧‧‧ operation

702‧‧‧Steps

704‧‧‧Steps

Claims (40)

A first apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: a transmitter configured to transmit a physical layer aggregation protocol (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) to a second device; and a processing system, the processing The system is configured to set at least one bit in a PLCP header of the PPDU to indicate a type of response expected from the second device in response to the transmitted PPDU. The first device as recited in claim 1, wherein the processing system is further configured to select the one of the group types including at least one type that allows the second device to transmit the response in a null data packet (NDP) Response type. A first device as recited in claim 1, wherein the at least one bit is set to indicate a value that is not expected to have a response. The first device as recited in claim 1, wherein the at least one bit comprises at least one value set to indicate that an undesired response is expected, a null data packet (NDP) response is expected, a normal response is expected, or a long response is expected. Two bits. A first device as recited in claim 1, wherein the processing system is further configured to set a bit in the PLCP header of the PPDU to indicate whether the PPDU includes an aggregated media access control (MAC) protocol profile A value of a unit (A-MPDU). The first device as recited in claim 1, wherein the processing system is further configured to: a media access control (MAC) protocol data unit (MPDU) delimiter of the PPDU having a non-zero length field The End of Frame (EOF) value is set to zero and wherein the EOF value further indicates the desired type of response. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: a receiver configured to receive a Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU); and a processing system configured to be based on the PPDU At least one bit in a PLCP header determines the type of response to be sent. The apparatus as recited in claim 7, further comprising a transmitter configured to transmit the type of response in a null data packet (NDP) based on the decision. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the processing system is further configured to determine the type of response by determining that the at least one bit is set to a value indicating that the response is not to be sent. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the processing system is further configured to determine the type of response to be sent based on at least one of an aggregation bit or an end of frame (EOF) value in the PLCP header . The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising a transmitter, wherein: the processing system is further configured to determine that a bit in the PLCP header of the PPDU is set to indicate that the PPDU includes an aggregate media access control a value of a (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (A-MPDU); and the transmitter is configured to transmit a block of acknowledgments (BAs) in response to the PPDU based on the bit in the PLCP header. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising a transmitter, wherein: the processing system is further configured to determine a first non-zero length medium access control (MAC) protocol data unit (MPDU) delimiter having a setting An end of frame (EOF) value of zero; and the transmitter is configured to transmit a block of acknowledgements (BA) in response to the PPDU based on the EOF value. A method for wireless communication by a first device, the method comprising the steps of: transmitting a physical layer aggregation protocol (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) to a second device; and setting a PLCP header of the PPDU At least one of the bits is expected to be a response type from the second device in response to the transmitted PPDU. The method of claim 13, the method further comprising the steps of: including allowing the second device to transmit the information in an empty data packet (NDP) The response type is selected from a group type of at least one type of response. The method of claim 13, wherein the at least one bit is set to indicate a value that is not expected to have a response. The method of claim 13, wherein the at least one bit comprises at least two of a value set to indicate that an undesired response is expected, a null data packet (NDP) response is expected, a normal response is expected, or a long response is expected. Bit. The method of claim 13, further comprising setting a bit in the PLCP header of the PPDU to indicate whether the PPDU includes an aggregate media access control (MAC) protocol data unit (A-MPDU) value. The method of claim 13, the method further comprising the step of: ending a frame of a media access control (MAC) protocol data unit (MPDU) delimiter of the PPDU having a non-zero length field The (EOF) value is set to zero and wherein the EOF value further indicates the desired response type. A method for wireless communication by a device, the method comprising the steps of: receiving a Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU); and based on at least one bit in a PLCP header of the PPDU Decided to A type of response sent. The method as recited in claim 19, the method further comprising the step of transmitting the type of response in a null data packet (NDP) based on the decision. The method of claim 19, wherein the step of determining the type of response comprises the step of determining that the at least one bit is set to indicate a value that does not send a response. The method of claim 19, wherein the step of determining further comprises determining at least one of an aggregated bit or an end of frame (EOF) value in the PLCP header to determine the type of response to be sent. step. The method of claim 19, the method further comprising the step of: determining that a bit in the PLCP header of the PPDU is set to indicate that the PPDU comprises an aggregated media access control (MAC) protocol data unit (A) a value of -MPDU); and transmitting a block of acknowledgements (BA) in response to the PPDU based on the bit in the PLCP header. The method of claim 19, the method further comprising the step of: determining that a first non-zero length media access control (MAC) protocol data unit (MPDU) delimiter has a frame ending of zero ( EOF) value And transmitting a block of acknowledgements (BA) in response to the PPDU based on the EOF value. A first device for wireless communication, comprising: means for transmitting a physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) to a second device; and in a PLCP header for setting the PPDU At least one bit means indicating a type of response from the second device in response to the transmitted PPDU. The first device as recited in claim 25, further comprising means for selecting the response type from a group type comprising at least one type that allows the response to be sent by the second device in a null data packet (NDP) . The first device as recited in claim 25, wherein the at least one bit is set to indicate a value that is not expected to have a response. The first device as recited in claim 25, wherein the at least one bit comprises at least two values set to indicate that an undesired response is expected, a NDP response is expected, a normal response is expected, or a long response is expected. One bit. The first device as recited in claim 25, further comprising: setting a bit in the PLCP header of the PPDU to indicate whether the PPDU includes a convergence A means of collecting a value of a Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (A-MPDU). The first device as recited in claim 25, further comprising a frame ending with a Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Unit (MPDU) delimiter for the PPDU having a non-zero length field ( The EOF) value is set to a means of zero and wherein the EOF value further indicates the type of response desired. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: means for receiving a Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU); and for determining at least one bit in a PLCP header based on the PPDU A means of sending a response type. The apparatus as recited in claim 31 further comprising means for transmitting the type of response in a null data packet (NDP) based on the decision. The device as recited in claim 31, wherein the means for determining the type of response is configured to determine that the at least one bit is set to a value indicating that the response is not to be sent. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the means for determining is further configured to determine a to-be-sent based on at least one of an aggregation bit or an end of frame (EOF) value in the PLCP header. The type of response. The device as recited in claim 31, further comprising: a bit in the PLCP header for determining the PPDU is set to indicate that the PPDU includes an aggregate media access control (MAC) protocol data unit (A-MPDU) a means of value; and means for transmitting a block of acknowledgement (BA) in response to the PPDU based on the bit in the PLCP header. The device as recited in claim 31, further comprising: determining an first non-zero length medium access control (MAC) protocol data unit (MPDU) delimiter having an end of frame (EOF) set to zero Means of value; and means for transmitting a block of acknowledgement (BA) in response to the PPDU based on the EOF value. A computer program product for wireless communication, comprising a computer readable medium having instructions executable to: transmit a physical layer aggregation protocol (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) to a device; and set the At least one bit in a PLCP header of the PPDU is intended to indicate a response type from the device in response to the transmitted PPDU. A computer program product for wireless communication, comprising a computer readable medium having instructions executable to: Receiving a Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) at a device; and determining a type of response to be sent for the PPDU based on at least one bit in a PLCP header of the PPDU. A first wireless station comprising: at least one antenna; a transmitter configured to transmit a Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) to a second wireless station via the at least one antenna; A processing system configured to set at least one bit in a PLCP header of the PPDU to indicate a type of response expected from the second wireless station in response to the transmitted PPDU. A wireless station comprising: at least one antenna; a receiver configured to receive a Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) via the at least one antenna; and a processing system Configuring to determine a type of response to be sent for the PPDU based on at least one bit in a PLCP header of the PPDU.