TW201433261A - Plant cultivation system - Google Patents
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- TW201433261A TW201433261A TW102140134A TW102140134A TW201433261A TW 201433261 A TW201433261 A TW 201433261A TW 102140134 A TW102140134 A TW 102140134A TW 102140134 A TW102140134 A TW 102140134A TW 201433261 A TW201433261 A TW 201433261A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/249—Lighting means
Abstract
Description
本發明係有關於一種植物工廠、育苗裝置等植物栽培裝置中的植物栽培系統。 The present invention relates to a plant cultivation system in a plant cultivation apparatus such as a plant factory or a seedling raising apparatus.
針對在已控制植物生長環境之建屋內的栽培植物之植物工廠進行各種檢討。在此植物工廠中，具有以人工光重現此生長環境之人工光單獨型與同時利用人工光和太陽光之太陽光併用型。在人工光單獨型之植物工廠中，特別是，相較於暖房，冷房則成為問題。亦即，用以確保日照條件之照明中，由於具有來自光源燈的發熱(成為光者，係以約30%將剩餘的能量成為熱而被放出)，因此，不用說夏季無疑的必須實行冷房，連在冬季也有實行冷房的必要。又，在植物工廠內，為了抑制因植物呼吸所造成的消耗，暗期(夜間)的室溫設定成比使用於照明之明期更低。因此，特別是，在夏季，考量到來自地板面或構造材物的放熱與來自外部的熱流入，而有必要在暗期也實行冷房。另一方面，冬季的夜間，考量到無暖房或來自地板面或構造材的放熱，以少量的暖房熱量即足夠的情況很多。因此， 在植物工廠中，一般是採用藉由熱泵的冷暖房設備，且，作為暖房用，大多是進一步設置使用重油的溫風暖房機。另一方面，在太陽光併用型之植物工廠的情況下，由於一般是在施設的壁面上使用塑膠膜，因此，壁面的絕緣性是低的，且在冬季的夜間，暖房成為不可或缺的。因此，冬季的暖房一般是溫風暖房機、溫水鍋爐。藉此，為了達到確保植物工廠為最適當的植物生長環境，不管季節或時間，適當的操作冷暖房系統是有必要的。然而，由該等裝置所產生的空調空氣，是從經由導管而被附加至各處的噴嘴吹向栽培室，以產生空氣對流來施行空調。 Various reviews were conducted on plant plants for cultivated plants in housing that have controlled plant growth environments. In this plant factory, there is a type of artificial light that reproduces this growth environment by artificial light and a type of sunlight that uses both artificial light and sunlight. In a plant factory where artificial light is a separate type, in particular, a cold room becomes a problem compared to a greenhouse. That is to say, in the illumination for ensuring the sunshine condition, since there is heat generated from the light source lamp (the light is emitted, about 30% of the remaining energy is released as heat), it is needless to say that the cold room must be implemented in the summer. Even in winter, there is a need to implement a cold room. Further, in the plant factory, in order to suppress the consumption caused by plant respiration, the room temperature in the dark period (nighttime) is set to be lower than the bright period used for illumination. Therefore, in particular, in the summer, consideration is given to the heat release from the floor surface or the structural material and the heat inflow from the outside, and it is necessary to implement the cold room in the dark period. On the other hand, in the winter night, it is considered that there is no heat room or heat from the floor surface or the structural material, and a small amount of heat in the greenhouse is enough. therefore, In a plant factory, a cold and warm room equipment by a heat pump is generally used, and as a greenhouse, a warm air heater using heavy oil is often further provided. On the other hand, in the case of a plant factory in which the sunlight is used in combination, since the plastic film is generally applied to the wall surface to be applied, the insulation of the wall surface is low, and in the winter night, the greenhouse becomes indispensable. . Therefore, the winter warm room is generally a warm air warm room machine, a warm water boiler. Therefore, in order to ensure that the plant factory is the most suitable plant growth environment, it is necessary to properly operate the heating and cooling room system regardless of the season or time. However, the air-conditioned air generated by the devices is blown to the cultivation chamber from a nozzle attached to each other via a duct to generate air convection to perform air conditioning.
然而，藉由隨著這樣必然的空氣對流之空氣調和方式，來控制栽培室空間的空氣溫度或濕度之習知的空調系統，對植物而言，由於每個場所之冷風或溫風效果的不同或直接接觸氣流而成為所受壓力，因此，未必可謂是適當的生長環境，且，對於在植物工廠內進行作業的作業者而言，也會使其感到不舒適。特別是，在夏季，冷房負載增加而導致氣流增加，冷風直接吹入而成為了植物、作業者所受之很大的壓力。於此，習知為了解決該等課題，而提出了各種提案(例如，專利文獻1)。 However, by the conventional air conditioning system that controls the air temperature or humidity of the cultivation room space by such an inevitable air convection air, the cold air or warm air effect of each place is different for plants. It is not necessarily an appropriate growth environment because it is directly in contact with the airflow, and therefore it is not comfortable for the operator who works in the plant factory. In particular, in the summer, the load on the cold room increases, resulting in an increase in airflow, and the cold air is directly blown into the pressure of the plant and the operator. Here, various proposals have been made to solve such problems (for example, Patent Document 1).
專利文獻1：特開2011-223892號公報 Patent Document 1: JP-A-2011-223892
本發明之目的係於植物工廠等栽培室空間中，提供一種不論對植物或作業者皆具有優異舒適性、且具有極高能量效率之溫度調節系統的植物栽培系統。 The object of the present invention is to provide a plant cultivation system which is excellent in comfort for plants or operators and which has an extremely high energy efficiency temperature control system in a cultivation room space such as a plant factory.
本發明係為了解決上述問題，而提供以下發明者。 The present invention has been made to the following inventors in order to solve the above problems.
(1)一種植物栽培系統，其於具有植物栽培區域及在其上面側照射光之照明燈而成之植物栽培室中，前述植物栽培室之內面至少一部分由植物栽培室內面構成構件形成，該植物栽培室內面構成構件係以含有放射、吸收遠紅外線且遠紅外線放射率為0.6以上之遠紅外線放射物質的材料所構成者，前述照明燈之表面係具有被覆層而成，該被覆層含有與前述遠紅外線放射物質同一遠紅外線放射物質；又，設置有具有冷卻及/或加熱面之冷卻及/或加熱源，前述冷卻及/或加熱面係以含有與前述植物栽培室內面構成構件之前述遠紅外線放射物質同一遠紅外線放射物質的材料所構成者，且以下述方式構成：當前述冷卻源之前述冷卻面冷卻時，該冷卻面之前述遠紅外線放射物質會吸收前述植物栽培室內面構成構件及照明燈之前述遠紅外線放射物質所放射的遠紅外線，或者當前述加熱源之前述加熱面加熱時，前述植物栽培室內面構成構件及照明燈之前述遠紅外線放射物質會吸收該加熱面之前述遠紅外線放射物質所放射的遠紅外線。 (1) A plant cultivation system in which a plant cultivation room having a plant cultivation area and an illumination lamp that emits light on the upper side thereof is formed, and at least a part of the inner surface of the plant cultivation room is formed of a plant cultivation indoor surface constituent member. The plant cultivation indoor surface constituent member is composed of a material containing far-infrared radiation material that emits and absorbs far infrared rays and has a far-infrared emissivity of 0.6 or more, and the surface of the illumination lamp has a coating layer, and the coating layer contains a far-infrared emitting material similar to the far-infrared emitting material; and a cooling and/or heating source having a cooling and/or heating surface, wherein the cooling and/or heating surface is configured to comprise a component constituting the indoor surface of the plant The far-infrared emitting material is the same as the material of the far-infrared emitting material, and is configured such that when the cooling surface of the cooling source is cooled, the far-infrared emitting material on the cooling surface absorbs the indoor cultivation surface of the plant Far infrared rays emitted by the above-mentioned far-infrared emitting material of the member and the illumination lamp, or When the heating surface of said heating source of the heating current, the plant cultivating indoor surface structural member and the lighting of the far-infrared emitting substance of the heating surface absorbs the far-infrared emitting substance as the far-infrared radiation.
(2)如上述(1)所載之植物栽培系統，其中植物栽培室之內面為側壁面及/或天花板面。 (2) The plant cultivation system according to (1) above, wherein the inner surface of the plant cultivation room is a side wall surface and/or a ceiling surface.
(3)如上述(1)或(2)所載之植物栽培系統，其中植物栽培室內面構成構件含有1質量%以上的遠紅外線放射物質。 (3) The plant cultivation system according to the above (1) or (2), wherein the plant cultivation indoor surface constituent member contains 1% by mass or more of far-infrared radiation material.
(4)如上述(1)~(3)中任一項所載之植物栽培系統，其中遠紅外線放射物質之遠紅外線的放射率為0.8以上。 (4) The plant cultivation system according to any one of the above (1) to (3), wherein the far-infrared emitting material has a far-infrared emissivity of 0.8 or more.
(5)如上述(1)~(4)中任一項所載之植物栽培系統，其中遠紅外線放射物質之遠紅外線的放射率為0.9以上。 (5) The plant cultivation system according to any one of (1) to (4) above, wherein the far-infrared emitting material has a far-infrared emissivity of 0.9 or more.
(6)如上述(1)~(5)中任一項所載之植物栽培系統，其植物栽培為土壤方式或水耕方式。 (6) The plant cultivation system according to any one of the above (1) to (5), wherein the plant is cultivated as a soil method or a hydroponic method.
(7)如上述(6)所載之植物栽培系統，其植物栽培為土壤方式的情況下，將含有與植物栽培室內面構成構件之前述遠紅外線放射物質同一遠紅外線放射物質的材料摻合於土壤中。 (7) The plant cultivation system according to the above (6), wherein the plant is cultivated in a soil type, and the material containing the far-infrared emitting material of the far-infrared emitting material of the plant cultivation indoor surface constituent member is blended with In the soil.
(8)如上述(7)所載之植物栽培系統，其在土壤內及/或土壤表面抑或其附近設置有加熱或冷卻用管。 (8) The plant cultivation system according to the above (7), which is provided with a heating or cooling pipe in or near the soil and/or the soil surface.
(9)如上述(6)所載之植物栽培系統，其植物栽培為水耕方式的情況下，水耕水為遠紅外線放射物質之水溶液。 (9) The plant cultivation system according to the above (6), wherein the plant cultivation is a hydroponic method, and the hydroponic water is an aqueous solution of a far-infrared radiation substance.
(10)如上述(9)所載之植物栽培系統，其中經溶解之遠紅外線放射物質的濃度為0.001wt%~3wt%。 (10) The plant cultivation system according to the above (9), wherein the dissolved far-infrared emitting substance has a concentration of from 0.001% by weight to 3% by weight.
依據本發明，可提供一種植物栽培系統，其具有在植物工廠等之栽培室空間中，對於植物或作業者皆具有優異的舒適性，且具有非常高能量效率的溫度調節系統。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a plant cultivation system which has excellent comfort for plants or operators in a cultivation room space of a plant factory or the like, and has a very high energy efficiency temperature adjustment system.
1‧‧‧植物栽培室 1‧‧‧Plant cultivation room
2‧‧‧植物栽培區域 2‧‧‧Plant cultivation area
3‧‧‧植物 3‧‧‧ plants
4‧‧‧照明燈 4‧‧‧Lights
5‧‧‧側壁面 5‧‧‧ sidewall surface
6‧‧‧天花板面 6‧‧‧ Ceiling surface
7‧‧‧散熱器 7‧‧‧heatsink
8‧‧‧冷溫水発生裝置 8‧‧‧Cold and warm water production unit
圖1為本發明之植物栽培系統之一態樣的示意圖。 Figure 1 is a schematic view showing one aspect of the plant cultivation system of the present invention.
本發明中，植物栽培裝置係指在植物工廠、育苗裝置等已控制植物生長環境之建屋內栽培植物的裝置，且係具有植物栽培區域及在其上面側照射光之照明燈而成。植物栽培區域只要是可以使各種植物生長的區域，並沒有特別限制，可採用單數或複數的托盤、栽培容器、栽培板、田地等任何的方式，亦可為如下所述之土壤方式、水耕方式之任一者。 In the present invention, the plant cultivation device refers to a device for cultivating plants in a house in which a plant growth environment such as a plant factory or a seedling raising device is controlled, and is a plant cultivation region and an illumination lamp that emits light on the upper side thereof. The plant cultivation area is not particularly limited as long as it is a region in which various plants can be grown, and may be singular or plural trays, cultivation containers, cultivation plates, fields, or the like, or may be a soil method or hydroponic as described below. Any of the ways.
本發明之植物栽培室之內面至少一部分由植物栽培室內面構成構件形成，該植物栽培室內面構成構件係以含有放射、吸收遠紅外線且遠紅外線放射率(積分放射率)為0.6以上之遠紅外線放射物質的材料所構成者。其內面具有露出植物栽培室空間內的面且為側壁面及/或天花板面，亦可具有如門或窗等之開閉機構。又，在側壁面的內側設置窗簾，對於防止在夜間使放射冷卻下降的情況等而言，該窗簾亦包含於側壁面上。植物栽培室內面構成構件為構成該等面之構件。植物栽培室內面構成構件之至少一部分係由放射、吸收遠紅外線之遠紅外線放射物質所構成，或混入遠紅外線放射物質之所構成，又或者具有遠紅外線放射物質所構成之皮膜。為了使遠紅外線之放射及吸 收效率更好，混入植物栽培室內面構成構件之遠紅外線放射物質宜露出植物栽培室內空間。植物栽培室內面構成構件中的遠紅外線放射物質，不直接露出植物栽培室內空間，且亦可藉由不會有意妨礙遠紅外線放射物質之遠紅外線的放射、吸收程度的保護層(例如，約1mm以下之厚度的塗裝膜)等來覆蓋著。 At least a part of the inner surface of the plant cultivation room of the present invention is formed of a plant cultivation indoor surface constituent member which contains radiation, absorbs far infrared rays, and has a far-infrared emissivity (integral emissivity) of 0.6 or more. The material of the material of the infrared radiation substance. The inner surface has a surface that is exposed in the space of the plant cultivation room and is a side wall surface and/or a ceiling surface, and may have an opening and closing mechanism such as a door or a window. Further, a curtain is provided on the inner side of the side wall surface, and the curtain is also included in the side wall surface in order to prevent the radiation from being lowered at night. The plant cultivation indoor surface constituent member is a member constituting the same surface. At least a part of the plant cultivation indoor surface constituent member is composed of a far-infrared radiation material that radiates or absorbs far-infrared rays, or is mixed with a far-infrared radiation material, or has a film composed of far-infrared radiation substances. In order to make the radiation and absorption of far infrared rays The harvesting efficiency is better, and the far-infrared emitting material mixed into the components of the plant cultivation indoor surface should expose the indoor space for plant cultivation. The far-infrared emitting material in the plant cultivation indoor surface constituent member does not directly expose the plant cultivation indoor space, and may also be a protective layer (for example, about 1 mm) which does not intentionally interfere with the radiation and absorption of the far-infrared rays of the far-infrared emitting material. The following thickness of the coating film) or the like is covered.
雖然遠紅外線放射物質係放射、吸收遠紅外線 的物質，但是，本發明所使用之遠紅外線放射物質為遠紅外線放射率0.6以上，且宜為0.8以上的遠紅外線放射物質。如此的遠紅外線放射物質，一般為所謂的無機材料，除了有天然及人工礦物、金屬及半金屬之氧化物、氮化物、硫化物、氫氧化物等、碳酸鹽等鹽或此等鹽之複合物(複鹽)、碳等之外，也包含貝殼等天然素材等。又，本發明之遠紅外線放射物質幾乎為廣義的陶瓷材料(稱為金屬以外的無機材料)，然而，即使是有機物或源自有機物之物質，只要是滿足上述放射率條件的話，亦可使用。 Although far-infrared radiation substances radiate and absorb far infrared rays However, the far-infrared emitting material used in the present invention is a far-infrared emitting material having a far-infrared emissivity of 0.6 or more, and preferably 0.8 or more. Such far-infrared emitting materials are generally so-called inorganic materials, in addition to natural and artificial minerals, metal and semi-metal oxides, nitrides, sulfides, hydroxides, carbonates, etc., or a combination of such salts. In addition to substances (double salts) and carbon, natural materials such as shells are also included. Further, the far-infrared emitting material of the present invention is almost a general-purpose ceramic material (referred to as an inorganic material other than metal). However, even an organic substance or a substance derived from an organic substance may be used as long as it satisfies the above-described emissivity conditions.
本發明中，含有遠紅外線放射物質之構件中之 遠紅外線放射物質的形態，含有遠紅外線放射物質之構件只要是能放射、吸收遠紅外線，並無特別的限制，以代表性而言，可為由遠紅外線放射物質構成之平板或磁磚狀等一體物、含有遠紅外線放射物質之粒子、粉末、骨材等(亦稱此等材料之綜合粒子)之構件、具有遠紅外線放射物質之皮膜的構件等形態。在粒子的情況下，其直徑一般是選自約200μm以下。 In the present invention, the member containing the far-infrared emitting substance In the form of the far-infrared emitting material, the member containing the far-infrared emitting material is not particularly limited as long as it can emit and absorb far-infrared rays, and may be, for example, a flat plate or a tile-like material composed of a far-infrared emitting material. A monolith, a member containing a particle of a far-infrared emitting material, a member of a powder, an aggregate, or the like (also referred to as a composite particle of such a material), or a member having a film of a far-infrared emitting material. In the case of particles, the diameter is generally selected from below about 200 μm.
所謂混入上述遠紅外線放射物質之材料係指以 含有遠紅外線放射物質之材料作為構成成分的一部分。此情況的遠紅外線放射物質，典型上係將作為天然或人工無機材料粒子混入植物栽培室內面構成構件之製造材料中。 植物栽培室內面構成構件係以含有遠紅外線放射物質1質量%以上者為較佳，更佳為3質量%以上。 The material mixed into the above-mentioned far-infrared emitting material means A material containing a far-infrared emitting substance is included as a part of the constituent component. The far-infrared emitting material in this case is typically mixed as a natural or artificial inorganic material particle into a manufacturing material of a component for building a plant interior. The plant cultivation indoor surface constituent member is preferably 1% by mass or more of the far-infrared emitting material, and more preferably 3% by mass or more.
所謂由遠紅外線放射物質構成之皮膜係指形成 於植物栽培室內面構成構件之表面上的遠紅外線放射物質之皮膜。此皮膜可藉由適當的皮膜形成技術，例如，熔射、蒸鍍等PVD技術或CVD技術，來將遠紅外線放射物質被覆於對象表面而形成。 The so-called film composed of far-infrared radiation substances refers to the formation A film of a far-infrared emitting substance on the surface of the component constituting the member in the plant cultivation chamber. The film can be formed by coating a far-infrared emitting material on the surface of the object by a suitable film forming technique such as PVD or CVD techniques such as spraying or vapor deposition.
本發明所使用之遠紅外線放射物質之遠紅外線 的放射率，如上所述，為0.6以上，較佳為0.8以上，更佳為0.9以上。遠紅外線係指波長3μm~1000μm的電磁波。材料的放射率係將同一條件中理想的黑體遠紅外線之放射能量設為W0，並將該材料之遠紅外線之放射能量設為W時，依據W/W0來定義。 The far-infrared emissivity of the far-infrared emitting material used in the present invention is 0.6 or more, preferably 0.8 or more, and more preferably 0.9 or more as described above. Far infrared ray refers to an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength of 3 μm to 1000 μm. The emissivity of the material is defined by W/W 0 when the radiant energy of the far-infrared rays of the black body in the same condition is set to W 0 and the radiation energy of the far-infrared rays of the material is W.
進一步，於本發明中，作為照明燈，可使用白 色螢光燈、發光二極體(LED)、高壓鈉燈、金屬鹵素燈等之光源。然後，於本發明中，照明燈之表面具有被覆層，其含有與植物栽培室內面構成構件之遠紅外線放射物質同一遠紅外線放射物質。舉例而言，形成藉由混合了顯示遠紅外線放射率超過0.9數值之花崗岩粉碎後之粉碎物的白色塗料來構成厚度約200μm之被覆層。被覆層中之花崗岩 的粒徑，例如為100μm以下。該花崗岩之被覆層中的含有率，依塗料的硬化狀態(乾燥狀態)宜為0.1~5質量%。其厚度一般是選自約0.1~1mm。 Further, in the present invention, as the illumination lamp, white can be used. Light sources such as fluorescent lamps, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), high-pressure sodium lamps, and metal halide lamps. Then, in the present invention, the surface of the illuminating lamp has a coating layer containing the far-infrared emitting material which is the same as the far-infrared emitting material of the member constituting the indoor surface of the plant cultivation. For example, a coating layer having a thickness of about 200 μm is formed by mixing a white paint which exhibits a ground pulverized material having a far-infrared emissivity of more than 0.9. Granite in the coating The particle diameter is, for example, 100 μm or less. The content of the coating layer of the granite is preferably 0.1 to 5% by mass in terms of the hardened state (dry state) of the coating material. The thickness is generally selected from about 0.1 to 1 mm.
並且，於本發明中，設置有冷卻及/或加熱源， 其係具有冷卻及/或加熱面，而該冷卻及/或加熱面係以含有與植物栽培室內面構成構件之遠紅外線放射物質同一遠紅外線放射物質的材料所構成者。當冷卻源之冷卻面冷卻時，該冷卻面之遠紅外線放射物質會吸收植物栽培室內面構成構件及照明燈之遠紅外線放射物質所放射的遠紅外線，又，當加熱源之加熱面加熱時，植物栽培室內面構成構件及照明燈之遠紅外線放射物質會吸收該加熱面之前述遠紅外線放射物質所放射的遠紅外線。 Moreover, in the present invention, a cooling and/or heating source is provided, It has a cooling and/or heating surface, and the cooling and/or heating surface is composed of a material containing a far-infrared emitting material which is the same as the far-infrared emitting material of the member constituting the indoor surface of the plant cultivation. When the cooling surface of the cooling source is cooled, the far-infrared emitting material of the cooling surface absorbs the far-infrared rays emitted by the far-infrared emitting material of the constituent member of the plant cultivation chamber and the illumination lamp, and when the heating surface of the heating source is heated, The far-infrared emitting material of the plant cultivation indoor surface constituent member and the illumination lamp absorbs the far-infrared rays emitted by the far-infrared emitting material on the heating surface.
本發明中之冷卻及/或加熱面，宜藉由具有被覆 有遠紅外線放射物質之散熱片的散熱器所構成，由於冷房運轉時，在散熱器表面空氣中的水分結露而生成水滴排出至屋外，因此，設置有從散熱器下方的水滴收集部之排水溝至屋外之排水出口的排水系統。散熱器，例如，具有複數片表面經被覆加工之鋁製散熱片。此散熱片為薄板狀且朝上下延伸。散熱片亦可藉由熱傳導良好之其他金屬或合金材料，例如鐵或銅、此等之合金等來製作。該散熱片的表面係藉由遠紅外線放射物質之粉碎物與黏著劑混合，並將其塗布成層狀而加以乾燥來被覆。 The cooling and/or heating surface in the present invention preferably has a coating A radiator having a fin of a far-infrared emitting material, which is formed by a water droplet in the air of the radiator when the cold room is running, and the water droplets are discharged to the outside of the radiator. Therefore, a drain is provided from the water droplet collecting portion below the radiator. Drainage system to the drainage outlet outside the house. The heat sink, for example, has a plurality of aluminum heat sinks whose surface has been coated. The heat sink has a thin plate shape and extends upward and downward. The heat sink can also be made of other metal or alloy materials having good heat conduction, such as iron or copper, alloys thereof, and the like. The surface of the heat sink is mixed with a pulverized material of far-infrared radiation material and an adhesive, and is applied in a layer form and dried to be coated.
散熱片一般是與鋁製支撐板一體形成。支撐板 的內面側露出於冷媒通路。在冷媒通路中，係以冷水循環 作為冷媒。此冷媒係藉由冷卻源之冷媒冷卻裝置冷卻。冷媒冷卻裝置之冷卻機構係與一般空調裝置或冰箱所利用者相同。 The heat sink is generally formed integrally with the aluminum support plate. Support plate The inner side is exposed to the refrigerant passage. In the refrigerant passage, it is circulated in cold water. As a refrigerant. This refrigerant is cooled by a refrigerant cooling device of a cooling source. The cooling mechanism of the refrigerant cooling device is the same as that used in a general air conditioner or a refrigerator.
冷卻面的下方設置有排水溝。當冷卻水循環於 冷媒通路內時，散熱片被冷卻，散熱片表面的遠紅外線物質層也被冷卻，吸收來自地板面、壁面、天花板面之室內面構成構件所放射的遠紅外線，而進行房間內環境的冷卻。又，室內空間之空氣中所包含的水分結露於冷卻面的表面。此已結露之水滴滴下至排水溝，再由排水溝往排水出口移動，而被再利用或被排出至室外。 A drain is provided below the cooling surface. When the cooling water circulates In the refrigerant passage, the fins are cooled, and the far-infrared material layer on the surface of the fins is cooled, and the far-infrared rays radiated from the components of the indoor surface of the floor surface, the wall surface, and the ceiling surface are absorbed to cool the room environment. Further, the moisture contained in the air in the indoor space is dew on the surface of the cooling surface. The dewed water droplets drip down to the drain and are moved by the drain to the drain outlet to be reused or discharged to the outside.
用以冷卻及/或加熱源，宜使用冷熱放射裝置， 可進行切換冷放射與熱放射。所謂冷放射係以被冷卻而吸收來自周圍的熱放射的作用，所謂熱放射係以被加熱而朝向周圍進行熱放射的作用。 For cooling and / or heating sources, it is advisable to use a cold and heat radiation device. Switching between cold and heat radiation can be performed. The cold radiation system is cooled to absorb the heat radiation from the surroundings, and the heat radiation system is heated to emit heat toward the surroundings.
這樣的冷熱放射裝置係連接於室外機之冷溫水 產生裝置。冷溫水產生裝置具有加熱器泵功能，可產生冷水或溫水。此加熱泵功能係依據與一般空氣調節機等使用者相同的原理來運作。又，若是只要獲得冷房效果，則僅具產生冷水的功能即可。又，若是只要獲得暖房效果，則僅具產生溫水的功能即可。 Such a cold and heat radiation device is connected to the cold and warm water of the outdoor unit. A device is produced. The cold and warm water generating device has a heater pump function to generate cold water or warm water. This heat pump function operates on the same principle as a user such as a general air conditioner. Moreover, if only the cold room effect is obtained, only the function of generating cold water can be obtained. Moreover, if only the warm room effect is obtained, only the function of generating warm water can be obtained.
從冷溫水產生裝置供給冷水至冷熱放射裝置 時，散熱片被冷卻，藉由結露進行除濕。又，在被冷卻時，散熱片表面具有作為進行冷放射之冷卻面的功能。此外，從冷溫水產生裝置供給溫水至冷熱放射裝置時，上述 散熱片被加溫，此散熱片表面具有作為加熱面(熱放射面)的功能。又，所謂冷水是指藉由冷溫水產生裝置之冷卻功能而被冷卻的水，而所謂溫水則是指藉由冷溫水產生裝置之加熱功能而被加熱的水。又，如上所述，已結露在散熱片的水滴滴下並收集於下方的托盤，從排水溝排放至屋外。 Supply cold water from cold and warm water generating device to cold and heat radiation device At the time, the fins are cooled and dehumidified by condensation. Further, when cooled, the surface of the fin has a function as a cooling surface for performing cold radiation. In addition, when the warm and cold water generating device supplies warm water to the cold and heat radiation device, the above The heat sink is heated, and the surface of the heat sink has a function as a heating surface (heat radiation surface). Further, the term "cold water" refers to water that is cooled by the cooling function of the cold and warm water generating device, and the term "warm water" refers to water that is heated by the heating function of the cold and warm water generating device. Further, as described above, the water droplets which have been deposited on the fins are dripped and collected in the tray below, and are discharged from the drain to the outside.
於本發明之一態樣中，在散熱片的表面，形成 藉由混合了顯示遠紅外線放射率超過0.9數值之花崗岩粉碎後之粉碎物的白色塗料來構成厚度約200μm之被覆層。 被覆層中的石粉粒徑為50μm以下。此石粉在被覆層中的含有率，依塗料的硬化狀態(乾燥狀態)而設為20重量%。 此被覆層具有作為冷卻除濕面及加熱面的功能。 In one aspect of the invention, the surface of the heat sink is formed A coating layer having a thickness of about 200 μm was formed by mixing a white paint showing a pulverized product of granite pulverization having a far-infrared emissivity exceeding 0.9. The particle size of the stone powder in the coating layer is 50 μm or less. The content of the stone powder in the coating layer was set to 20% by weight in terms of the hardened state (dry state) of the coating material. This coating layer has a function as a cooling dehumidification surface and a heating surface.
本發明中之植物栽培可為土壤方式或水耕方式 之任一者，亦可依據一般方法。在植物栽培是藉由田地的土壤方式之情況下，可將含有與植物栽培室內面構成構件之遠紅外線放射物質同一遠紅外線放射物質之材料摻合於土壤中。較佳為在土壤內及/或土壤表面或者其附近設置有加熱或冷卻用管。其等材料粒徑一般是選自約1μm~2mm。 The plant cultivation in the present invention may be a soil method or a hydroponic method Either of them can be based on the general method. In the case where the plant cultivation is carried out by the soil method of the field, the material containing the far-infrared emitting material which is the same as the far-infrared emitting material of the member constituting the indoor surface of the plant can be blended in the soil. Preferably, a heating or cooling tube is provided in or near the soil and/or on the surface of the soil. The particle size of the material is generally selected from the group consisting of about 1 μm to 2 mm.
另一方面，在植物栽培為水耕方式的情況下，水耕水較佳為遠紅外線放射物質之水溶液。溶解於水耕水之遠紅外線放射物質的濃度為0.001wt%~3wt%水溶液，較佳為0.01wt%~1wt%水溶液。藉此，依據本發明，可獲得更進一步的效果。亦即，植物係藉由裝入水溶液中之遠紅外線放 射物質，而變成植物本身可直接參與遠紅外線之前述吸收機構(稱為共鳴)。遠紅外線放射物質之水溶液的調製可依據一般方法。 On the other hand, in the case where the plant cultivation is a hydroponic method, the hydroponic water is preferably an aqueous solution of a far-infrared emitting substance. The concentration of the far-infrared emitting material dissolved in the hydroponic water is from 0.001% by weight to 3% by weight of the aqueous solution, preferably from 0.01% by weight to 1% by weight. Thereby, according to the present invention, further effects can be obtained. That is, the plant is placed in the far infrared ray in an aqueous solution. The substance is injected into the plant itself and can directly participate in the aforementioned absorption mechanism (called resonance) of far infrared rays. The preparation of the aqueous solution of the far-infrared emitting substance can be carried out according to a general method.
土壤係依據栽培植物的種類而調整成適當的條 件。在該土壤內或土壤表面或者其附近，設置有加熱或冷卻用管，藉由將介質流動於其內部所形成之流路中，可加熱或冷卻摻合於土壤中之含有遠紅外線放射物質的材料。 作為介質方面，一般可使用25~55℃之溫水或其他液體，或者5~20℃之冷水或不凍液體等液體，而加熱或冷卻用管在土壤中形成脊部的情況下，一般為每1脊部埋入約1~4條，較佳為每1脊部埋入2~3條。埋設深度是依據土壤深度，一般是埋設在靠近土壤深度中心約3~20cm為佳。或者是，也可外加地將加熱或冷卻用管設置在土壤表面或其附近以取代埋設。加熱或冷卻用管的內徑，一般約為10~30mm、厚度例如約為2mm。 The soil system is adjusted to the appropriate strip depending on the type of cultivated plant. Pieces. In the soil or on the surface of the soil or in the vicinity thereof, a heating or cooling tube is provided, and by flowing the medium into the flow path formed therein, the far infrared ray emitting material mixed in the soil may be heated or cooled. material. As the medium, generally, it is possible to use warm water or other liquid of 25 to 55 ° C, or cold water or non-freezing liquid of 5 to 20 ° C, and in the case where the heating or cooling tube forms a ridge in the soil, generally every 1 The ridge is buried in about 1 to 4, preferably 2 to 3 in each ridge. The depth of burial is based on the depth of the soil, and is generally buried about 3 to 20 cm near the depth of the soil. Alternatively, it is also possible to additionally place the heating or cooling pipe on or near the surface of the soil instead of embedding. The inner diameter of the tube for heating or cooling is generally about 10 to 30 mm and the thickness is, for example, about 2 mm.
進一步，於本發明中，加熱或冷卻用管之外側 表面可形成有被覆層，該被覆層係以含有1質量%以上之與植物栽培室內面構成構件之遠紅外線放射物質同一遠紅外線放射物質的材料構成。且，於本發明中，亦可為加熱或冷卻用管本身以含有1質量%以上之與前述植物栽培室內面構成構件之前述遠紅外線放射物質同一遠紅外線放射物質的材料來構成。 Further, in the present invention, the outer side of the heating or cooling tube A coating layer is formed on the surface, and the coating layer is made of a material containing 1% by mass or more of a far-infrared emitting material that is a far-infrared emitting material that is a member of the plant cultivation chamber. Furthermore, in the present invention, the heating or cooling tube itself may be composed of a material containing 1% by mass or more of the far-infrared emitting material of the far-infrared emitting material of the plant cultivation indoor surface constituent member.
此等構成的採用，可藉由將介質流動於加熱或 冷卻用管之內部所形成的流路中，以進一步提高摻合於土 壤中之含有遠紅外線放射物質之材料的加熱或冷卻效率。 The use of such a composition can be achieved by flowing the medium to heat or Cooling into the flow path formed inside the tube to further improve blending into the soil The heating or cooling efficiency of materials containing far-infrared emitting materials in the soil.
在摻合遠紅外線放射物質於土壤中的情況下， 以使得從其表面至20mm深度的表面層中含有0.01質量%以上的遠紅外線放射物質為佳，更佳為0.1質量%以上，特佳為1質量%以上。 In the case of blending far-infrared radiation substances into the soil, The surface layer having a depth of 20 mm from the surface thereof is preferably 0.01% by mass or more of far-infrared emitting material, more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 1% by mass or more.
於本發明的植物栽培系統中，如上所述，雖然 可使用散熱片及/或加熱或冷卻用管作為加熱或冷卻源，但，特佳為在暖房時使用加熱用管，而在冷房時使用散熱片。 In the plant cultivation system of the present invention, as described above, although A heat sink and/or a heating or cooling tube may be used as a heating or cooling source, but it is particularly preferable to use a heating tube in a warm room and a heat sink in a cold room.
以下進一步具體說明有關於圖1與本發明之植物 栽培系統。圖1為本發明之植物栽培系統之一態樣的示意圖。在圖1中，1為植物栽培室、2為植物栽培區域、3為植物、4為照明燈、5為植物栽培室的側壁面、6為天花板面、7為具有散熱片的散熱器(冷熱放射裝置)、8為冷溫水產生裝置。照明燈4之表面、側壁面5、天花板面6及在散熱片表面形成藉由混合了遠紅外線放射物質之花崗岩粉碎後之粉碎物的白色塗料來構成厚度約10~1000μm的被覆層。當散熱片冷卻時，其冷卻面之遠紅外線放射物質吸收側壁面5、天花板面6及照明燈之遠紅外線放射物質所放射的遠紅外線，又，當散熱片加熱時，側壁面5、天花板面6及照明燈之遠紅外線放射物質吸收其加熱面之遠紅外線放射物質所放射的遠紅外線。 Further details about the plant of Figure 1 and the present invention are described below. Cultivation system. Figure 1 is a schematic view showing one aspect of the plant cultivation system of the present invention. In Fig. 1, 1 is a plant cultivation room, 2 is a plant cultivation area, 3 is a plant, 4 is a lighting lamp, 5 is a side wall surface of a plant cultivation room, 6 is a ceiling surface, and 7 is a radiator having a heat sink (hot and cold) The radiation device) and 8 are cold and warm water generating devices. A coating layer having a thickness of about 10 to 1000 μm is formed on the surface of the illuminating lamp 4, the side wall surface 5, the ceiling surface 6, and a white paint having a pulverized material of granite pulverized by a mixture of far-infrared emitting materials on the surface of the fin. When the heat sink is cooled, the far-infrared emitting material on the cooling surface absorbs the far-infrared rays radiated from the far-infrared emitting material of the side wall surface 5, the ceiling surface 6, and the illumination lamp, and when the heat sink is heated, the side wall surface 5 and the ceiling surface 6 and the far-infrared emitting material of the illuminating lamp absorbs the far-infrared rays emitted by the far-infrared emitting material on the heating surface.
藉此，本發明之植物栽培系統相較於習知的空 調方式，由於空氣的流動非常的小，因此，賦予植物舒適 的環境，且可有效的防止病原菌的傳播。 Thereby, the plant cultivation system of the present invention is compared to the conventional empty Mode, because the flow of air is very small, so give plants comfort Environment, and can effectively prevent the spread of pathogens.
依據本發明，可於植物工廠等栽培室空間中，提供一種不論對植物或作業者皆具有優異舒適性、且具有極高能量效率之溫度調節系統的植物栽培裝置之植物栽培系統。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a plant cultivation system for a plant cultivation apparatus having a temperature adjustment system having excellent comfort for plants or operators and having an extremely high energy efficiency in a cultivation room space such as a plant factory.
1‧‧‧植物栽培室 1‧‧‧Plant cultivation room
2‧‧‧植物栽培區域 2‧‧‧Plant cultivation area
3‧‧‧植物 3‧‧‧ plants
4‧‧‧照明燈 4‧‧‧Lights
5‧‧‧側壁面 5‧‧‧ sidewall surface
6‧‧‧天花板面 6‧‧‧ Ceiling surface
7‧‧‧散熱器 7‧‧‧heatsink
8‧‧‧冷溫水產生裝置 8‧‧‧Cold and warm water generating device
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106659132A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2017-05-10 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Water culture device |
| TWI765059B (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2022-05-21 | 日商住友金屬礦山股份有限公司 | Soil covering film for agriculture and method for producing the same |
| TWI804924B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2023-06-11 | 陳建家 | Saline-alkali soil comprehensive optimization treatment technology |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116369098B (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2023-09-22 | 青州市金鑫温室材料有限公司 | Automatic drainage cyclic utilization device for greenhouse |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57122256U (en) * | 1981-01-27 | 1982-07-29 | ||
| JPS60177756U (en) * | 1984-05-02 | 1985-11-26 | 佐藤工芸有限会社 | plant cultivation equipment |
| JPH01289423A (en) * | 1988-05-17 | 1989-11-21 | Tomoaki Otsuka | Method for growing plant |
| JPH01320942A (en) * | 1988-06-23 | 1989-12-27 | Masahiro Aiura | House air conditioning system and unit therefor |
| JPH0296854U (en) * | 1989-01-18 | 1990-08-01 | ||
| JPH02100433U (en) * | 1989-01-25 | 1990-08-09 | ||
| JPH02303419A (en) * | 1989-05-19 | 1990-12-17 | Hitachi Ltd | Cultivating device of promoting growth of plant by far infrared light |
| JPH0361430A (en) * | 1989-07-28 | 1991-03-18 | Nissei Denki Kk | Cultivation of plant |
| JPH03127915A (en) * | 1989-10-12 | 1991-05-31 | Yasuro Kuratomi | Greenhouse having activating function |
| JP3883673B2 (en) * | 1997-10-31 | 2007-02-21 | 三和鋼器株式会社 | Agricultural house air conditioning system |
| JP2006231137A (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2006-09-07 | Kunimichi Sato | Negatively ionized water |
| JP2009136203A (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2009-06-25 | Rajiant:Kk | Method for warming soil for greenhouse cultivation |
| DK2281960T3 (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2021-09-20 | FUTAEDA Inc. | INDOOR CLIMATE ADJUSTMENT SYSTEM |
-
2013
- 2013-01-28 JP JP2013013122A patent/JP2014113139A/en active Pending
- 2013-10-29 WO PCT/JP2013/079290 patent/WO2014077122A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-11-05 TW TW102140134A patent/TW201433261A/en unknown
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106659132A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2017-05-10 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Water culture device |
| TWI765059B (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2022-05-21 | 日商住友金屬礦山股份有限公司 | Soil covering film for agriculture and method for producing the same |
| TWI804924B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2023-06-11 | 陳建家 | Saline-alkali soil comprehensive optimization treatment technology |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2014113139A (en) | 2014-06-26 |
| WO2014077122A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
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