TW201431226A - A method for pass-time estimation of fault indicators - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for pass-time estimation of fault indicators comprises a data reading step, a pass-time setting step, an analysis-time setting step, an analysis step, an analysis-time determining step, a average transmit successful rate computing step, a threshold value determining step, and a pass-time updating step. The method can estimate the suitable pass-time of fault indicators under a successful threshold value to reduce the power consumption and extend the time of use.

Description

Method for estimating the number of transmissions of the fault indicator

The present invention relates to a method for estimating the number of transmissions of a fault indicator, and more particularly to a method for estimating the number of transmissions of a fault indicator applied to a power network.

The power network is the transmission medium for the power company to deliver power to several clients. In order to monitor the operation status of the power network and enable the power company to quickly grasp the location of the power network failure, the power network usually has a plurality of fault indicators, and the fault indicator determines the power network. Fault location.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the power network 7 includes at least one power feeder 71 , and the power supply current of the power feeder 71 is directed from an upstream end 72 toward a downstream end 73 . The power feeder 71 is provided with a plurality of fault indicators 8. When the power feeder 71 has a fault point 9, a fault current is generated between the upstream end 72 and the fault point, and the upstream end 72 is brought to the fault point 9. A plurality of fault indicators 81, 82 and 83 generate a fault signal, and each of the fault indicators 81, 82 and 83 transmits the respective fault signal and the received fault signal to the upstream end 72, so that the plurality of fault indicators 81, 82 and 83 The fault signal can be transmitted to a processing center (not shown) of the upstream end 72. For example, the fault indicator 81 can receive the fault signal from the fault indicator 82 and transmit the fault signal to the upstream end 72 in addition to transmitting the fault signal generated by itself to the upstream end 72. Thereby, the processing center can understand the path of the fault current according to the plurality of fault signals, thereby determining the power network. The location of the fault point 9 in the road 7.

Generally speaking, the signal transmission of the fault indicator 8 is mainly wireless communication, therefore, the setting of the fault indicator 8 needs to consider both the set quantity and the communication quality. In order to avoid the cost increase caused by the dense setting of the fault indicator 8, the adjacent two fault indicators 8 are usually arranged at a predetermined distance, which also causes poor communication quality between the adjacent two fault indicators 8, resulting in poor communication quality. When the fault signal passes through each fault indicator 8 in sequence, the transmission failure may occur due to the communication quality problem, and the processing center of the upstream terminal 72 cannot accurately determine the location of the fault point 9 of the power network 7.

In order to make the processing center of the upstream end 72 more accurately determine the location of the fault point 9 of the power network 7, it is customary to increase the number of transmissions of the fault signal between any two adjacent fault indicators 8 to ensure the fault. The indicator 8 can positively receive the fault signal transmitted by the adjacent fault indicator 8 to improve the detection accuracy of the processing center.

However, increasing the number of transmissions of the fault signal between any two adjacent fault indicators 8 will also increase the power consumption of the fault indicator 8, thereby generating waste of energy, and even increasing the power storage device for the fault indicator 8. Maintenance costs. Therefore, it is necessary to have a set of estimation methods for the number of transmissions of the fault indicator 8, and to obtain the minimum number of transmissions between any two adjacent fault indicators 8 under an allowable transmission success rate standard.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a method for estimating the number of transmissions of a fault indicator, which can be obtained under a transmission success rate standard. The minimum number of transmissions between adjacent fault indicators.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for estimating the number of transmissions of a fault indicator, the estimated number of transmissions of which can further reduce the energy waste and maintenance cost of the fault indicator.

In order to achieve the foregoing object, the method for estimating the number of transmissions of the fault indicator of the present invention comprises: a data reading step of reading, by the processor, one of the power network data and one communication quality data stored in the database. And a fault occurrence rate data set; a transmission number setting step is performed by the processor to set an initial value of the number of transmissions; an analysis number setting step is performed by the processor to set a predetermined number of analysis; an analysis step is The power network data, the communication quality data set and the fault occurrence rate data set are input into a random analysis program by the processor, and the random analysis program generates a fault point in any detection area according to the fault occurrence rate data set. a segment, and the probability that the fault point is generated in any of the detection sections is proportional to the failure rate of each of the detection sections, and according to the power network data, all the fault indicators between the fault point and an upstream end are Generating a fault signal, and each of the fault indicators transmits the at least one fault signal to the upstream end to the adjacent fault indicator And using the number of transmissions as the number of times the at least one fault signal is transmitted to the adjacent fault indicator by the fault indicator, wherein the at least one fault signal includes the fault signal generated by each of the fault indicators, or another Include the failure signal received from the adjacent fault indicator, and finally, based on the probability of accumulating a packet of any two adjacent fault indicators established by the communication quality data set, to obtain the number of transmission times, The success rate of the packets between the two adjacent fault indicators, and multiplying the success rate of the plurality of packets to obtain a relative temporary number of each of the transmission times Transmitting success rate, comparing the number of times of the number of transmissions to the value of the number of temporary transmission success rates between the number of transmissions of 1, and transmitting the temporary transmission success rate having the largest value as the number of times of the number of transmission times a success rate to complete an analysis number of times; an analysis number determining step is to determine, by the processor, whether the number of executions of the analysis step has been equal to or greater than the preset analysis number, and if so, perform an average transmission success rate calculation step If not, performing the analyzing step; the average transmission success rate calculating step is to average all transmission success rates under the number of transmissions through the processor to obtain an average transmission success rate; The value judging step is to determine, by the processor, whether the average transmission success rate is equal to or greater than a success rate threshold, and if so, output the number of transmissions of the fault signal relative to the average transmission success rate, and if not, perform a transmission a number update step; and the number of transmission update steps are performed by the processor to perform the previous analysis The number of transmissions in the step, and the number of transmissions is increased to update the number of transmissions, and the analysis number setting step is performed.

The method for estimating the number of transmissions of the fault indicator of the present invention, wherein the stochastic analysis method is a Monte Carlo method.

The method for estimating the number of transmissions of the fault indicator of the present invention, wherein the power network data refers to a setting position of a plurality of fault indicators in the power network; the communication quality data set includes a plurality of communication quality data, each of the communication quality data Refers to the communication quality between adjacent two fault indicators in the power network; the fault occurrence data set includes several fault occurrence rate data, and the fault occurrence rate data refers to the adjacent two in the power network. The probability of a fault in the detection section formed between the fault indicators.

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more <RTIgt; And the "downstream end" is based on the direction in which a power flows through a power line, that is, when the power flows from the first end to the second end of the power line, the first end is the "upstream end". The second end is the "downstream end".

The "number of transmissions" as used in the present invention refers to the number of times any fault indicator transmits the same signal to an adjacent fault indicator.

The "packet success rate" in the present invention refers to the probability that the packet data can be successfully transmitted when the adjacent adjacent fault indicator transmits the packet data.

The term "temporary transmission success rate" as used in the present invention means that when a power feeder has a fault point, and all fault indicators between the fault point and the upstream end each generate a fault signal, and the plurality of fault signals are generated. When the fault signal is transmitted between the two adjacent fault indicators in the upstream direction, the product of the packet success rate between all the adjacent fault indicators is the temporary transmission success rate.

The "transmission success rate" in the present invention refers to a temporary transmission success rate having a maximum value after a numerical comparison of a plurality of temporary transmission success rates, that is, the transmission success rate.

Referring to Figures 2a and 2b, which is a preferred implementation of the method for estimating the number of transmissions of the fault indicator of the present invention, the apparatus includes a database 1 and a processor 2, and is applied to a power network 3. Among them, the power The network 3 has at least one power feed line 31. The two ends of the power feed line 31 respectively form an upstream end 32 and a downstream end 33. The fault end 34 is provided between the upstream end 32 and the downstream end 33. The power feeder 31 between adjacent fault indicators 34 forms a detection section 311.

The database 1 is for storing a power network data, a communication quality data set, and a fault occurrence rate data set. More specifically, the power network data refers to the location of the plurality of fault indicators 34 in the power network 3; the communication quality data set includes a plurality of communication quality data, and the communication quality data refers to the power network. In 3, the packet success rate between the adjacent two fault indicators 34 is cumulative, and the success rate of the packet may be a Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF); the fault occurrence data set includes several fault occurrence data. Each of the failure occurrence rate data refers to a probability that the detection section 311 formed between the adjacent two failure indicators 34 fails in the power network 3. Among them, the above information can be obtained from historical data stored, measured or statistically compiled by the power company.

The processor 2 is electrically connected to the database 1 to read the data stored in the database 1. The processor 2 can be a computer or any computing processor, and can execute a software or a program for performing statistics. Wait for the operation.

Referring to FIG. 3, the method for estimating the number of transmissions of the fault indicator of the present invention includes: a data reading step S1, a transmission number setting step S2, an analysis number setting step S3, an analysis step S4, and an analysis frequency. The determining step S5, an average transmission success rate calculating step S6, a threshold value determining step S7, and a transmission number updating step S8.

The data reading step S1 is performed by the processor 2 reading the power network data, the communication quality data set and the fault occurrence stored in the database 1. Rate data set.

The number of transmissions is set in step S2, and the processor 2 sets an initial value of the number of transmissions.

As the number of transmissions increases, the success rate of a packet between the adjacent two fault indicators 34 also increases, thereby increasing the transmission success rate of one of the power networks 3. Therefore, in order to accurately estimate the minimum number of transmissions when the transmission success rate reaches a success threshold, the initial value of the number of transmissions must be set, and the transmission success rate of each transmission number is calculated in a subsequent step to accurately estimate The minimum number of transmissions when the transmission success rate reaches the success threshold. The initial value of the number of transmissions may be any positive integer. In this embodiment, the initial value of the number of transmissions is set to 5.

The analysis number setting step S3 is performed by the processor 2 for a predetermined number of analysis times.

The predetermined number of analysis refers to the number of times that the random analysis program in the processor 2 has to perform random analysis, and the higher the predetermined number of analysis, the higher the accuracy of the overall operation result is, and is preferably higher than 50,000 times. In the present embodiment, the predetermined number of analyses is set to 100,000 times.

In the analyzing step S4, the processor 2 inputs the power network data, the communication quality data set and the fault occurrence rate data set into the random analysis program, and the random analysis program sets a fault according to the fault occurrence rate data set. The point is generated in any of the detection sections 311, and the probability that the failure point is generated in any of the detection sections 311 is proportional to the failure occurrence rate of each of the detection sections 311.

Further, in order to enable the random analysis program to perform random analysis, the probability of failure of each detection section 311 of the power network 3 can be caused. As a basis for analysis, the stochastic analysis can be closer to the actual situation to improve the accuracy of the stochastic analysis. Therefore, the processor 2 will first read the fault occurrence rate data set and according to the fault occurrence rate data set. The fault point is generated in any of the detection sections 311, and then a subsequent random analysis action is performed.

Further, in the present embodiment, the stochastic analysis program selects a Monte Carlo method.

Also in the analyzing step S4, the random analysis program generates a fault signal from all fault indicators 34 between the fault point and the upstream end 32 according to the power network data, and each fault indicator 34 is The at least one fault signal is transmitted to the adjacent fault indicator 34 in the direction of the upstream end 32, and the at least one fault signal is transmitted to the adjacent fault indicator 34 as the fault indicator 34 by the number of transmissions. The number of times. The at least one fault signal includes at least one fault signal generated by each fault indicator 34, or another fault indicator received from the adjacent fault indicator. 34 fault signal.

Further, in order to enable the random analysis program to perform random analysis, the position of the plurality of fault indicators 34 of the power network 3 can be surely grasped, so that the transmission relationship between the adjacent two fault indicators 34 can be closer to the actual situation. Therefore, the processor 2 first reads the power network data, and according to the power network data, transmits the fault signal to the upstream end 32 between the adjacent two fault indicators 34.

Wherein, when each of the fault indicators 34 transmits the at least one fault signal to the adjacent fault indicator 34, the number of transmissions is based on the number of transmissions set in the current execution of the analyzing step S4. For example, in At the beginning of the method, the data reading step S1 is performed only to the analyzing step S4. Therefore, the number of transmissions according to the analyzing step S4 is the number of transmissions set in the step S2. When the indicator 34 wants to transmit the at least one fault signal, the fault signal is transmitted to the adjacent fault indicator 34 according to the set number of transmissions.

Similarly, in the analyzing step S4, the random analysis program finally calculates the success rate of the packet success rate according to any two adjacent fault indicators 34 established by the communication quality data set, so as to obtain the number of transmission times. a success rate of the packets between the two adjacent fault indicators 34, and multiplying the success rate of the plurality of packets to obtain a temporary transmission success rate of each of the transmission times, and comparing the number of times of the transmission times to the The number of transmissions is a numerical value of a number of temporary transmission success rates between 1, and the temporary transmission success rate having the largest value is used as the transmission success rate of the number of times of the number of transmissions.

Further, in order to enable the random analysis program to perform random analysis, the communication quality between the adjacent two fault indicators 34 can be used as an analysis basis, so as to accurately obtain the fault signal in the phase relative to the number of transmissions. The packet success rate transmitted between the adjacent two fault indicators 34. Therefore, the processor 2 first reads the communication quality data set to calculate the packet success rate of the two adjacent fault indicators 34, and further calculates the product of the number of packet success rates to obtain the Temporary transmission success rate.

Then, the temporary transmission success rate having the maximum value is found from the number of times of the number of transmissions to the number of temporary transmission success rates between the number of transmissions of 1, as the transmission success rate of the number of times of the number of transmissions.

For example, for example, the first to fifth temporary transmission success rates of the _{number of transmissions} are PSR _{transmission number one} =92.5%, PSR _{transmission number two} =93.8%, PSR _{transmission number three} =91.7%, The _{number of} PSR _{transmissions is four} = 94.4% and the _{number of} PSR _{transmissions is five} = 94.1%, and the transmission success rate represented by each transmission number must take the maximum value as follows: PSR _{max transmission times one} = max [PSR _{transmission times Number one} = 92.5%] = 92.5%

PSR _{max transmission times two} = max [PSR _{transmission times one} = 92.5%, PSR _{transmission times two} = 93.8%] = 93.8%

PSR _{max transmission times three} = max [PSR _{transmission times one} = 92.5%, PSR _{transmission times two} = 93.8%, PSR _{transmission times three} = 91.7%] = 93.8%

PSR _{max transmission times four} = max [PSR _{transmission times one} = 92.5%, PSR _{transmission times two} = 93.8%, PSR _{transmission times three} = 91.7%, PSR _{transmission times four} = 94.4%] = 94.4%

PSR _{max transmission times five} = max [PSR _{transmission times one} = 92.5%, PSR _{transmission times two} = 93.8%, PSR _{transmission times three} = 91.7%, PSR _{transmission times four} = 94.4%, PSR _{transmission times five} =94.1%]=94.4%

Therefore, the transmission success rate of each transmission number under the number of times of the analysis is PSR _{max transmission times} = 92.5%, PSR _{max transmission times 2} = 93.8%, PSR _{max transmission times 3} = 93.8%, PSR _{Max transmission times four} = 94.4% and PSR _{max transmission times five} = 94.1%

In addition, after the actions described in the analyzing step S4 are completed once, the number of times of analysis is completed.

The number of analysis times determining step S5 is determined by the processor 2 whether the number of executions of the analyzing step S4 has been equal to or greater than the preset number of analysis times, and if so, the average transmission success rate calculating step S6 is performed; if not, then This analysis step S4 is performed.

As described above, when the number of analysis is higher, the accuracy of the overall operation result is also increased. Therefore, the processor 2 determines whether the number of executions of the analysis step S4 has been equal to or greater than the preset analysis number. If not If yes, the analysis step S4 is performed again, and the relative transmission success rate is calculated and stored under different analysis times; if it is reached, the average transmission success rate calculation step S6 is performed.

The average transmission success rate calculation step S6 is performed by the processor 2 to average all transmission success rates under the number of transmissions to obtain an average transmission success rate.

Further, each execution of the analyzing step S4 generates a transmission success rate relative to each transmission number. When the number of executions of the analyzing step S4 has reached the predetermined number of analysis, the same transmission number can be obtained. The average transmission success rate is obtained under the same number of transmissions by calculating the success rate of each of the analysis times and averaging the plurality of transmission success rates.

The threshold value determining step S7 is determined by the processor 2 whether the average transmission success rate is equal to or greater than a success rate threshold, and if so, the number of transmissions of the fault signal relative to the average transmission success rate is output; if not, Then, the number of transmissions is updated to step S8.

Further, when the average transmission success rate is equal to or greater than the success threshold, that is, the transmission success rate of the power network 3 has reached a preset standard, and the processor 2 can transmit the average transmission. The success rate is outputted to a display unit such as a display, and execution of all steps is stopped to complete the transmission number estimation method of the present invention. If the average transmission success rate is less than the success threshold, that is, the transmission success rate of the power network 3 does not reach a preset standard, and the transmission number update step S8 is performed to increase the adjacent two fault indicators. The number of transmissions of 34 fault signals. Wherein, the success threshold value can be customized by the user. For example, 80% or 90%, etc., and there is no limit.

The number of transmissions is updated in step S8 by the processor 2 reading the number of transmissions when the analysis step S4 was performed last time, and increasing the number of transmissions to update the number of transmissions, and executing the number of analysis steps S3.

Further, the processor 2 records the initial value of the number of transmissions when the analysis step S4 is performed last time, and when the transmission number update step S8 is performed, the number of transmissions is further increased as the next execution of the analysis step. The number of transmissions at S4. In this embodiment, after the transmission number update step S8 is performed, the analysis number setting step S3 is performed, and the number of analysis of the analysis step S4 can be reset again to elastically change the number of transmissions under different transmission times. The number of analyses in step S4 is analyzed.

More specifically, when the average transmission success rate is less than the success threshold, that is, the transmission success rate of the power network 3 does not reach a preset standard, and the transmission number update step S8 is performed to increase the phase. The number of transmissions of the fault signal between the adjacent two fault indicators 34, and the analysis step S4 is performed again to the predetermined number of analysis to determine the average transmission success rate after the increase of the number of transmissions, and then the average transmission is determined. Whether the success rate is greater than the success threshold value until the threshold value determining step S7 determines that the average transmission success rate is equal to or greater than a success rate threshold value, and outputs the average transmission success rate relative to the number of transmission times to complete the present invention. The method.

In summary, the present invention performs random analysis by the Monte Carlo method to determine the average transmission success rate under the same number of transmissions. When the average transmission success rate is less than the success rate threshold, Continuously increase the number of transmissions for random analysis, and obtain the minimum number of transmissions of the fault signal between adjacent two fault indicators under the criterion of the success threshold. In turn, it has the effects of reducing the energy waste and maintenance cost of the fault indicator.

While the invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments described above, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The technical scope of the invention is protected, and therefore the scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

〔this invention〕

1‧‧‧Database

2‧‧‧ Processor

3‧‧‧Power Network

31‧‧‧Power feeder

311‧‧‧Detection section

32‧‧‧ upstream end

33‧‧‧ downstream end

34‧‧‧Fault indicator

S1‧‧‧ data reading steps

S2‧‧‧Transmission times setting procedure

S3‧‧‧ Analysis number setting procedure

S4‧‧‧ Analysis steps

S5‧‧‧ Analysis number judgment step

S6‧‧‧Average transmission success rate calculation steps

S7‧‧‧ threshold judgment step

S8‧‧‧Transmission times update step

[study]

7‧‧‧Power Network

71‧‧‧Power feeder

72‧‧‧ upstream end

73‧‧‧ downstream end

8‧‧‧Fault indicator

81‧‧‧Fault indicator

82‧‧‧Fault indicator

83‧‧‧Fault indicator

9‧‧‧ Fault point

Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the fault signal transmission of the conventional fault indicator.

Figure 2a is a diagram showing a preferred implementation of the method for estimating the number of transmissions of the fault indicator of the present invention.

Figure 2b: Power network diagram applied to the method for estimating the number of transmissions of the fault indicator of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a flow chart showing a method for estimating the number of transmissions of the fault indicator of the present invention.

S1‧‧‧ data reading steps

S2‧‧‧Transmission times setting procedure

S3‧‧‧ Analysis number setting procedure

S4‧‧‧ Analysis steps

S5‧‧‧ Analysis number judgment step

S6‧‧‧Average transmission success rate calculation steps

S7‧‧‧ threshold judgment step

S8‧‧‧Transmission times update step

Claims (3)

A method for estimating the number of transmissions of a fault indicator includes: a data reading step of reading, by the processor, one of the power network data stored in the database, a communication quality data set, and a fault occurrence rate data set a transmission number setting step, wherein the processor sets an initial value of the number of transmissions; an analysis number setting step is performed by the processor to set a predetermined number of analysis; and an analysis step is performed by the processor The data, the communication quality data set and the fault occurrence data set are input into a random analysis program, and the random analysis program generates a fault point in any detection section according to the fault occurrence data set, and the fault point is generated from The probability of any detection zone is proportional to the failure rate of each detection zone, and according to the power network data, all fault indicators between the fault point and an upstream end generate a fault signal, and each of the fault indicators The fault indicator transmits the at least one fault signal to the adjacent fault indicator in the direction of the upstream end, and uses the number of transmissions as the The number of times the at least one fault signal is transmitted to the adjacent fault indicator, wherein the at least one fault signal includes the fault signal generated by each of the fault indicators, or the fault indication received from the adjacent one The fault signal of the device, and finally, based on the probability of accumulating a packet of any two adjacent fault indicators established by the communication quality data set, to obtain the fault indicator between any two adjacent transmission times. Packet success rate and will Multiplying a plurality of packet success rates to obtain a temporary transmission success rate of each of the transmission times, and comparing the number of times of the transmission times to a value of a plurality of temporary transmission success rates between the number of transmissions of 1, And the temporary transmission success rate having the largest value is used as the transmission success rate of the number of times of the transmission times to complete the number of analysis times; and the analysis number determining step is determined by the processor whether the number of executions of the analysis step has been equalized or not Or greater than the preset number of analysis, if yes, performing an average transmission success rate calculation step, if not, performing the analysis step; the average transmission success rate calculation step is performed by the processor relative to the number of transmissions The transmission success rate is averaged to obtain an average transmission success rate; a threshold value judging step is determined by the processor whether the average transmission success rate is equal to or greater than a success rate threshold, and if so, the average is output The number of transmissions of the failure signal relative to the transmission success rate, and if not, performing a transmission number update step; and the transmission time The number updating step is performed by the processor reading the number of transmissions when the analysis step was performed last time, and increasing the number of transmissions to update the number of transmissions, and executing the analysis number setting step. The method for estimating the number of transmissions of the fault indicator according to claim 1, wherein the stochastic analysis method is a Monte Carlo method. The method for estimating the number of transmissions of the fault indicator according to claim 1, wherein the power network data refers to a setting position of a plurality of fault indicators in the power network; the communication quality data set includes several communication qualities. Information, each of the communication quality data refers to the power network The communication quality between the adjacent two fault indicators; the fault occurrence data set includes a plurality of fault occurrence rate data, and each of the fault occurrence rate data is formed between adjacent two fault indicators in the power network. Detects the probability of a zone failure.