TW201429661A - Modified princess cut diamond having hearts and arrows pattern and method - Google Patents

Abstract

A modified princess cut diamond and method of forming a modified princess cut diamond into a symmetrical shape possessing a hearts and arrows pattern characteristic of the true hearts and arrows pattern in a round cut diamond. The modified princess cut diamond includes: a tablet facet, 4 main crown facets, 8 crown halves, 8 crown star facets, 4 subsidiary crown facets, 8 subsidiary crown halves, 8 main pavilion facets, 4, subsidiary pavilion facets, 16 pavilion halves and a girdle with each main crown facet having a pair of crown star facets symmetrically disposed on one side thereof adjacent to the tablet facet and a pair of crown halves symmetrically disposed on the opposite sides thereof with each pair of crown star facets having the side thereof adjoining the table facet meeting at a point equal to essentially half the longer distance of the main crown facet measured horizontally and with all crown star facets and crown halves adjacent each main crown having identical polished angles with a maximum tolerance of 0.30.

Description

Improved princess-cut diamond with method of heart and arrow

The present invention is an improvement of a princess-cut diamond of the application serial number 11/286,218, filed on November 23, 2005, for forming a princess-shaped diamond having a heart-and-heart-and-arrow pattern, the characteristics of which are substantially equivalent to ideal Hearts and arrows in a round cut diamond.

The beauty of a properly cut diamond gemstone is derived from the way the diamond's cut surface reflects and refracts light. Diamonds can be cut into many different geometric patterns, such as circles, eggs, pears, olives, princesses, emeralds, and the like, as known in the art. The standard round shape is the most popular diamond type due to its fire color and optical light processing characteristics. While weight and clarity are factors that are independent of the cutting geometry that will affect the value of the diamond, the most important factor influencing the value is its optical properties and color.

Gemologists use specialized terms such as fire, sparkle, and symmetry to talk about the optical properties of a diamond enamel. Fire and flash correspond to the intensity of the retroreflected light, while the flash and symmetry are aligned with the cutting parameters of the diamond and the cutting surface. turn off. In order to provide the highest possible flash with minimal fire loss when analyzed with a fire color analyzer, the diamond must have as close to perfect cutting parameters as possible. At present, most of the classification institutes use fire color analyzers to analyze the fire damage of ideal circular cut diamonds, such as the Gemological Institute of America (GIA) and the American Gemological Institute (AGS). In addition to other research institutes, both institutes specialize in grading the most valuable diamonds and giving the best cut grades available.

The most valuable round cut diamonds with the best cut grades have the "true heart and eight arrows pattern" known to those skilled in the art. A circular cut diamond will always display a "hearts and arrows pattern", but only when the pattern is symmetrically cut will the "true heart and eight arrows pattern" known to those skilled in the art be displayed. To date, the “real heart and eight arrows pattern” can only be achieved in round cut diamonds. The symmetry condition necessary for the "heart" of the Hearts and Arrows pattern requires that once the diamond is polished, it needs to be inspected by an experienced gemology to make the home 100 times the microscope to meet the strict requirements, so that the facets will be perfectly aligned. And intersect each other at one point. Prior to the present invention, diamonds could not be cut into princess square patterns and provided the true heart and arrow that is unique to the ideal round diamond.

The princess-cut diamond of the present invention has a symmetrical diamond shape, and has a heart-and-eight-arrow pattern unique to a true heart-and-eight-arrow pattern in a circular cut diamond, and includes: 1 table top, 4 crown main facets , 8 crown waists (halves), 8 crown star facets, 4 crown side facets, 8 crowns The auxiliary waist facet, 8 pavilion main facets, 4 pavilion side facets, 16 pavilion waist facets and 1 waist, wherein each crown main facet is symmetrically disposed on the table side a pair of crown star facets on an adjacent side, and a pair of crown waist facets symmetrically disposed on opposite sides thereof, each pair of crown star facets being equal to the adjacent crown face facets The half of the distance intersects each other, and all of the crown star facets and the crown waist facets adjacent each crown facet have the same polishing angle with a maximum tolerance of 0.30. The improved princess-cut diamond according to the present invention does not include the pavilion secondary chamfer facet a2 of the prior application. As indicated in the previous application, neither the pavilion cut corner facets are required to obtain a heart-and-eight-arrow pattern, and the waist-thickness ratio does not have to be the same on the entire diamond.

The invention also relates to a method for polishing a diamond into a princess pattern, the princess square pattern consisting of: 1 table top, 4 crown main facets, 8 crown waist facets, 8 crown star faces Face, 4 crown side facets, 8 crown side waist facets, 8 pavilion main facets, 16 pavilion waist facets and a waist, among which the princess type has a round cut diamond The eight-hearted and eight-arrow pattern unique to the true heart and eight arrows pattern, the method includes the steps of: polishing the crown side facet to a length less than the length of the crown waist facet, and polishing the crown side facet to the relative The angle of the waist of the adjacent crown is at a 45 degree angle such that when measured from the mesa side of the diamond, the main waist facets of the crown have approximately the same size; and the main facet of the crown and the main facet of the pavilion have the following Cutting angle: the main facet angle of the pavilion is 40.60°-41°; the main facet angle of the crown is 34.0°-35.2°; the pavilion side facet angle is 64°-67°; and the crown facet angle is 33.5°-34.5°.

In order to form a perfect symmetry, it is preferable to satisfy the following additional parameters: (1) the angle of the waist face of the pavilion is 1.2° larger than the angle of the main facet of the pavilion; (2) the angle of the waist facet of the crown should be larger than the main facet of the crown The angle of the crown is 3.8°; and (3) the angle of the star facet of the crown should be 4°-5° slower than the angle of the main facet of the crown.

It is also important for the method of the invention that all facets are cut with small angular tolerances such that the angular difference between the angles of all pavilion facets is less than 0.30, and the angular tolerance between the four crown main facets Less than 0.40 and the angular tolerance between the four crown sub-facets is less than 0.30.

Other advantages will be apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: FIG. 1A is a front view of the princess diamond of the present invention; FIG. 1B is a top view of the princess diamond of FIG. 1A; FIG. 1A is a bottom view of the princess-shaped diamond of FIG. 1A; FIG. 2A is a plan view of the princess type of the present invention in an early first preliminary stage of formation according to the present invention; FIG. 2B is a princess in the final stage of formation according to the present invention. Another top view similar to that of FIG. 1A; FIG. 2C is another bottom view similar to FIG. 1A of the princess type in the final stage of formation in accordance with the present invention; FIGS. 3A and 3B show ideal circular cut diamonds. The true heart and eight arrows pattern; Figure 3C and Figure 3D show that the close to the perfect heart and eight arrows pattern is unacceptable Examples of the eight-hearted and eight-arrow pattern; FIGS. 4A and 4B respectively show a five-hearted and eight-arrow pattern for a princess-shaped diamond according to the present invention; FIG. 5A is a front view of an alternative embodiment of the princess-shaped diamond of the present invention; 5B is a top view of the princess-cut diamond in FIG. 5A; and FIG. 5C is a bottom view of the princess-cut diamond in FIG. 5A.

A diamond is a crystal used as a prism for reflection and refraction to disperse light. When properly cut, diamonds have a very eye-catching fire. The princess-cut diamonds 10 of the present invention are shown in Figures 1A, 1B, and 1C, respectively, including a crown 12 representing the top of the diamond, a pavilion 14 located below the crown, and a separation of the crown 12 from the pavilion 14. Waist g. 5A, 5B, and 5C are alternative embodiments of the present invention in which the same reference numerals are used where the facets are the same. In fact, the only difference between the embodiment of Figures 1A, 1B and 1C and the alternative embodiment of Figures 5A, 5B and 5C is that the pavilion cuts shown in Figures 1A and 1C, respectively, are omitted. Three small pavilion side facets a2 on the corner side. These three moments do not work in the formation of the heart and eight arrows pattern.

The crown 12 includes a table top TF as the uppermost and largest surface of the cut diamond, four crown main facets symmetrically disposed about the flat land TF, and four crown sub-facets d, four crown pairs The facets are symmetrically disposed at each corner of the diamond 10 between the main facets c of the crown, representing the four corner facets of the diamond. Each of the four crown main facets c is cut on one side of the flat table top TF to form two crown star facets c ₃ and is cut on its opposite sides to form two crown waists Facet c ₁ . Each of the crown sub-facets d of the princess file of the present invention includes two crown waist facets c ₂ , wherein the crown waist facets c ₂ are co-aligned at one end to form a chamfered side of the diamond. Each crown portion on the side surface of the sub lumbar facet cut angle c and the crown portion ₂ lumbar facet c is _a waist portion adjacent to a crown facet c ₁ forms an angle of 45 °. The parameters and polishing requirements for forming the princess type according to the present invention are discussed in more detail below.

The two crown star facets c ₃ formed by each crown main facet c on one side of the adjacent mesa TF are aligned at a position substantially equal to half the distance measured in the longitudinal direction of the adjacent crown main facet c Intersection. The two crown waist facets c ₁ form a square edge on the side of the main crown opposite the table top TF. Eight (8) crown main waist facets c ₁ , eight (8) crown waist waist facets c ₂ and eight (8) crown star facets c ₃ have a triangular shape. Thus, the outer periphery of the diamond 10 has eight sides including four crown major sides formed by eight (8) crown main waist facets c ₁ and eight (8) crowns The four angled sides d formed by the auxiliary waist facet c ₂ .

The waist g separating the crown 12 from the pavilion 14 has four waist major facets that lie in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the flat mesas TF and may have four secondary chamfer facets. The height of the crown 12 is measured vertically from the flat table top TF to the waist g. The pavilion 14 extends from the waist g to a point 16, referred to as the apex, representing the distance commonly referred to as the pavilion depth. The pavilion 14 of the diamond 10 is shown in a bottom view of FIG. 1C and in an alternative embodiment of FIG. 5C, with eight pavilion main facets a, sixteen (16) pavilions waisted at the bottom tip 16 The surface a1 and the four (4) pavilion sub-facets b are formed. In the embodiment of Fig. 1C, there are eight (8) pavilion side cut side facets a ₂ , and four (4) facets cc called waist faces are located adjacent to the waist g, facets Cc is more clearly shown in Figures 1A and 1C. In an alternative embodiment as shown in Figures 5A, 5B and 5C, eight (8) pavilion secondary chamfered side facets a ₂ and four facets cc are omitted.

It can be seen from Figures 2A-2C that the eight sides of the princess diamond 10 do not have equal lengths. As shown in Fig. 2A, the square side A is longer than the chamfered side B, and the main angle α is polished to α > β, wherein the chamfered main angle is 0.8 to 1.2° slower than the main angle on the square side. This difference in the size between the main facet c on the square side and the main facet c on the cut side enables the formation of a heart-and-heart pattern in the princess type, which will be further explained below.

In FIG. 1B, the crown star facets c ₃ is shown to be present only on the side of a square diamond, wherein each of the crown portion on the back side of the square is smaller than the facet c ₁ sub waist portion on the crown side chamfer Face c _{2 is} long. The crown main facet c and the crown corner facet d are polished to provide a square appearance for the princess type of the present invention, wherein the crown main facet and the pavilion facet are cut at a very precise angle.

For gemologists, cutting is the most important factor affecting the beauty of a diamond. The round diamond can be cut into a nearly perfect circular shape with a symmetrical facet to present a heart-and-heart pattern. When the light is on the mesa side, the heart-and-heart pattern can be easily observed from the end of the pavilion of the diamond. The true heart and arrow pattern is considered to be the ultimate in cutting accuracy and is shown for the circular shape in Figures 3A and 3B. As is apparent from Figures 3A and 3B, there is an eight-fold symmetry about the axis passing through the center of the mesa and the bottom tip 16, having eight hearts and eight arrows, wherein Figure 3A shows eight symmetrical hearts. Figure 3B shows eight symmetrical arrows. By illuminating the light at the end of the table, the "heart" can be clearly seen from the end of the pavilion along the axis of symmetry of the diamond, when the light is at the end of the pavilion, An "arrow pattern" can be seen from the diamond at the end of the table. Figures 3C and 3D show an example of an unacceptable heart-and-eight-arrow pattern of a nearly perfect heart-and-eight-arrow pattern.

The Hearts and Arrows pattern appears on a round cut diamond only if the following conditions are met:

● The shape of the diamond is symmetrical.

● With 8 crown main facets and 24 crown face facets.

● With 8 bottom main facets and 16 bottom side facets.

• All main facets (crown and bottom) must be polished at a perfect 45° angle to each other.

● All facets are perfectly aligned.

• All bottom main facets have the same size and angles range from 40.6° to 41.0°.

• All bottom sub-facets have the same size and the angle is exactly 1.20 steeper than the main facet (the bottom main facet angle is 40.6°-41.0° + the bottom sub-facet angle is 41.8°-42.2°).

• All crown facets have the same size and angles range from 33.8° to 35.1°, and are perfectly aligned on the bottom main facet.

• All crown side facets are of the same size and are perfectly aligned on the crown main facet and the bottom face facet and are polished at equal angles.

● The cutting ratio should be as follows: Full depth ratio 59.4%-62.4%

Crown height ratio 14.5%-16.0%

Waist thickness ratio 1.5% -2.95%

Roundness 99.0%-100%

Platform width ratio: 53.0%-57.5%

Full depth ratio %=height/width×100

The height is measured from the tip of the table top TF, and the width is the diameter of the waist.

The angle difference between the main facets is less than 1°, and the angle difference between the minor facets is less than 0.5°.

It is difficult to generate a heart-and-eight-arrow pattern in a princess type because the square shape of the princess type is less symmetrical than the circular shape, the number of facets is different, and the light is reflected differently. Moreover, it is necessary for the princess to have a minimum of eight main crowns, which are represented by a combination of the crown main facet and the crown face facet, and each main crown should have parallel opposing main crowns. According to the present invention, it is solved that it is difficult to form a true heart-and-eight-arrow pattern for a princess shape, as described above in connection with FIG. 2B, by polishing the chamfered side d to less than four main sides, so that when viewing the diamond from the mesa side At 10 o'clock, octagonal geometry with the same side is prevented, and all crown sub-waist facets c ₂ are allowed to be polished at an angle of 45 degrees on each chamfered side; that is, on the chamfered side The angle between the crown waist face c ₂ and the crown main waist face c ₁ on the square side should be exactly 45°. Furthermore, the eight star facets c ₃ adjoining the mesas are polished without touching the four crown face facets d on the chamfered side. Further, as described above in connection with FIG. 2C, the pavilion sub-facets on the chamfered side are polished at an angle steeper (larger) than the angle on the side of the pavilion sub-square, so that ξ>φ.

In order to obtain a true heart and eight arrow pattern in the princess type, the following additional parameters should be met:

●The full depth ratio is 68%-71%, measured similarly to the circle, where the width is measured as the longitudinal waist size

● Pavilion depth ratio 51% -53.5%

● crown height ratio 14%-15.5%

● Taiwan wide ratio: 53% -59%

● waist thickness ratio 1% -3.5% If the cutting parameters fall between the above ranges, and the main facet of the crown and the main facet of the pavilion are cut to the following very precise angles, the heart-and-eight-arrow pattern will appear without distortion:

●The main facet angle of the pavilion is 40.6°-41.0°

●The main facet angle of the crown is 34.0°-35.2°

●The pavilion has a facet angle of 64°-67°

●The crown facet angle is 33.5°-34.5°

●The angle of the waist face of the pavilion is 1.2° steeper than the angle of the main facet of the pavilion.

●The angle of the waist facet of the crown is 3.8°-4.2° steeper than the angle of the main facet of the crown.

● The angle of the star facet of the crown is 4°-5° slower than the angle of the main facet of the crown.

Moreover, all facets need to be cut to very small angular tolerances, ie the angular difference between the angles of all pavilion facets must be less than 0.3° and the angular tolerance between the four crown main facets must be less than 0.4 °, and the angular tolerance between the four crown sub-facets must be less than 0.3°. When all of the above conditions are met, if the polishing meets the following additional requirements, the manufactured Princess Hearts and Arrows diamonds will have near perfect symmetry.

• All polished crowns and pavilions have the same size, with a tolerance of 0.04% between each facet; ● The apex (the tip of the diamond) must be perfectly centered with a tolerance of 0.03%; • The shape of the diamond defined by the waist, ie the four waist main facets and the four waist facets (corner facets) should be polished at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to each other, with a tolerance of 0.030 And the four waist main facets must be of the same length so that the result shows a length/width ratio of 1.00 when measured; a tolerance of 0.035 is allowed. When all of the above cutting parameters are observed, the gemstone is ready to undergo the final polishing process step which will impart a fire to the gemstone and cause the heart to appear.

• The pavilion waist face must be polished to near perfect symmetry and depth and perfectly aligned with each other; • The crown waist facets must be polished to near perfect symmetry and depth, and perfectly aligned with each other, and with the pavilion The waist facets are perfectly aligned; • The crown star facets must be polished to near perfect symmetry and must be joined to each other at exactly half the distance of the main facet of the crown.

All star facets and waist facets are polished at the same angle, allowing a maximum tolerance of 0.30.

When all the facets of the princess-cut diamonds are cut according to the above procedure, the eight-hearted and eight-arrow pattern with the ideal heart-shaped cut diamonds will be obtained. Moreover, the improved princess-cut diamond of the present invention not only has a heart-and-heart pattern, but also presents a square shape with straight edges. 4A and 4B illustrate a five-hearted and eight-arrow pattern of a modified princess-cut diamond in accordance with the present invention.

Claims (8)

An improved princess-cut diamond with a symmetrical shape and a heart-and-eight-arrow pattern unique to the true heart-and-eight-arrow pattern in a round cut diamond, including: 1 countertop, 4 crown main facets, 8 crown waist facets, 8 crown star facets, 4 crown face facets, 8 crown waist facets, 8 pavilion facets, 4 pavilion facets, 16 pavilion waist facets and a waist portion, wherein each crown main facet has a pair of crown star facets symmetrically disposed on a side adjacent to the table top, and symmetrically disposed at a pair of crown major waist facets on opposite sides thereof, wherein the sides of the adjacent mesa of each pair of crown star facets intersect at a position substantially equal to half the longer distance of the horizontally measured crown facet, And all crown star facets have the same polishing angle, and the crown waist facets adjacent to each crown main facet have the same polishing angle measured from the surface of the table, with a maximum tolerance of 0.3°, Each crown waist face is polished to be aligned with each other and aligned with the pavilion waist face, crown waist waist facets in each diamond The ends are co-aligned to form a chamfer at each such end of the diamond, each crown waist face having a polishing angle at each end of the diamond that is less than the major waist face of the crown for An angle of 45° is formed with the main waist facet of the adjacent crown in the adjacent main waist face of the crown, and wherein the angle of the waist face of the pavilion is steeper than the angle of the main facet of the pavilion. The princess-cut diamond according to claim 1, wherein the crown main facet and the pavilion main facet have the following cutting angles: the main facet angle of the pavilion is 40.60°-41.0°; the crown main facet The angle is 34.0 ° -35.2 °. The princess-cut diamond according to claim 3, wherein (1) the angle of the waist face of the pavilion is 1.2° larger than the angle of the main facet of the pavilion; (2) the angle of the waist face of the crown is larger than the main facet of the crown The angle is 3.8°; and (3) the angle of the crown star facet is 4°-5° slower than the angle of the main facet of the crown. A method of polishing a diamond to form an improved princess-cut diamond that will display a heart-and-heart pattern comprising: 1 table top, 4 crown main facets, 8 crown waist facets, 8 crowns Star facet, 4 crown side facets, 8 crown waist facets, 8 pavilion main facets, 4 pavilion side facets, 16 pavilion waist facets and 1 waist. Wherein each of the crown main facets has a pair of crown star facets symmetrically disposed on a side thereof adjacent to the table top, and a pair of crown main waist facets symmetrically disposed on opposite sides thereof Wherein, the princess type has a heart-and-eight-arrow pattern unique to the true heart-and-eight-arrow pattern in the circular cut diamond, the method comprising the steps of: polishing the crown side facet to a length smaller than the crown waist The length of the face, the pavilion waist face is polished to an angle of exactly 45 degrees with respect to the adjacent waist facet, and each crown waist face is polished to be aligned with each other and aligned with the pavilion waist facet And the crown waist facet forms an angle α greater than the adjacent angle β, and the angle β is formed by the crown side facet on the cut corner of the diamond, thereby forming The crown waist facets are allowed to have the same size and the crown waist facets have the same size, wherein the angle of the waist face of the pavilion is steeper than the angle of the main facet of the pavilion, and the angle of the waist facet of the crown is more than the crown The angle of the main facet is steep, and the total depth ratio of the princess is between 68% and 71%, with the full depth ratio %=height/width×100. The method according to claim 4, wherein said crown main facet and said pavilion main facet have the following cutting angles: the angle of the main facet of the pavilion is 40.60°-41°; the main facet of the crown The angle is 34.0° - 35.2°; and the angle of the crown facet is 33.5° - 34.5°. The method according to claim 5, wherein (1) the angle of the waist facet of the pavilion measured from the mesa (TF) is 1.2° larger than the angle formed by the main facet of the pavilion; (2) The angle formed by the crown waist facet is polished from the table top (TF) and is 3.8 degrees larger in size than the angle (c ₂ ) formed by the crown main facet (c); (3) The angle of the crown star facet is polished from the table top (TF) such that an angle formed by the crown star facet is greater than a corresponding angle formed by the crown face face Slow 4°-5°. The method of claim 6 wherein all facets are cut from said mesa surface (TF) with small angular tolerances such that the difference in cut angle between all pavilion facet angles is less than 0.3°, And the angular tolerance between the four crown main facets is less than 0.4°, and the angular tolerance between the four crown face facets is less than 0.3°. The method of claim 5 wherein all facets are cut with small angular tolerances such that the difference in cut angle between all pavilion facet angles is less than 0.3° and the four crown main facets The angular tolerance between them is less than 0.4° and the angular tolerance between the four crown sub-facets is less than 0.3°.