TW201427324A - Capacity increasing devices and methods for wireless communication - Google Patents
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本發明大體上係關於無線電通信領域,且詳言之,係關於無線通信系統中頻道容量之增加。 The present invention is generally in the field of radio communications and, in particular, relates to an increase in channel capacity in a wireless communication system.
越來越多的人正使用行動通信裝置(諸如,行動電話)不僅用於聲音通信而且用於資料通信。在GSM/EDGE無線電存取網路(GERAN)規格中,GPRS及EGPRS提供資料服務。用於GERAN之標準由3GPP(第三代合作夥伴計劃)維持。GERAN為全球行動通信系統(GSM)之一部分。更具體言之,GERAN為GSM/EDGE之無線電部分連同將基地台(Ater及Abis介面)與基地台控制器(A介面等等)連接之網路。GERAN表示GSM網路之核心。GERAN將電話呼叫及封包資料自PSTN及網際網路投送至遠端台(包括行動台)且自遠端台將電話呼叫及封包資料投送至PSTN及網際網路。對於使用較大頻寬及較高資料速率之第三代通信系統,在GSM系統中已採用UMTS(全球行動電信系統)標準。GERAN亦為組合之UMTS/GSM網路之一部分。 More and more people are using mobile communication devices (such as mobile phones) not only for voice communication but also for data communication. In the GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN) specification, GPRS and EGPRS provide data services. The standard for GERAN is maintained by 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project). GERAN is part of the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). More specifically, GERAN is the radio part of GSM/EDGE along with the network that connects the base station (Ater and Abis interface) to the base station controller (A interface, etc.). GERAN stands for the core of the GSM network. GERAN delivers telephone calls and packet data from the PSTN and the Internet to remote stations (including mobile stations) and delivers telephone calls and packet data from the remote station to the PSTN and the Internet. For third generation communication systems that use larger bandwidths and higher data rates, the UMTS (Global Mobile Telecommunications System) standard has been adopted in the GSM system. GERAN is also part of the combined UMTS/GSM network.
以下問題呈現在現今之網路中。首先,需要更多訊務頻道,其為容量問題。由於在下行鏈路(DL)上比在上行鏈路(UL)上對資料輸送量存在較高需求,因此DL及UL之使用並不對稱。舉例而言,進行FTP傳送之行動台(MS)有可能被給予4D1U,4D1U可能意謂對於全速 率而言獲得四個使用者資源,且對於半速率而言獲得八個使用者資源。照此刻之情況,網路必須作出是否將服務提供至4個或8個聲音呼叫者或1個資料呼叫之決策。更多資源將為致能同時進行資料呼叫及聲音呼叫兩者之DTM(雙傳送模式)所必要的。 The following questions are presented in today's networks. First, more traffic channels are needed, which is a capacity issue. The use of DL and UL is asymmetrical due to the high demand for data throughput on the downlink (DL) over the uplink (UL). For example, a mobile station (MS) that performs FTP transmission may be given 4D1U, and 4D1U may mean full speed. In terms of rate, four user resources are obtained, and for the half rate, eight user resources are obtained. As the case may be, the network must make a decision whether to provide the service to 4 or 8 voice callers or 1 data call. More resources will be necessary to enable DTM (Dual Transfer Mode) for both data calls and voice calls.
其次,若網路伺服一資料呼叫同時許多新使用者亦需要聲音呼叫,則新使用者在UL及DL資源兩者均可用之前不會獲得服務。因此,可浪費一些UL資源。一方面,存在等待進行呼叫之用戶且不能進行服務;另一方面,UL可用,但歸因於缺少配對之DL而被浪費。 Second, if the network is on a data call and many new users also need a voice call, the new user will not be served until both the UL and DL resources are available. Therefore, some UL resources can be wasted. On the one hand, there is a user waiting for a call and cannot perform the service; on the other hand, the UL is available, but is wasted due to the lack of paired DL.
第三,在多時槽模式下運作之UE存在較少時間來掃描鄰近小區並對其進行監視,此可引起呼叫切斷及效能問題。 Third, UEs operating in multi-time slot mode have less time to scan and monitor neighboring cells, which can cause call cuts and performance issues.
圖1展示無線通信系統中之傳輸器118及接收器150之方塊圖。對於下行鏈路而言,傳輸器118可為一基地台之部分,且接收器150可為一無線裝置(遠端台)之部分。對於上行鏈路而言,傳輸器118可為一無線裝置之部分,且接收器150可為一基地台之部分。基地台通常為與無線裝置通信之固定台且亦可被稱作節點B、演進型節點B(eNode B)、存取點等等。無線裝置可為固定的或行動的且亦可被稱作遠端台、行動台、使用者設備、行動設備、終端機、遠端終端機、存取終端機、台等等。無線裝置可為蜂巢式電話、個人數位助理(PDA)、無線數據機、無線通信裝置、掌上型裝置、用戶單元、膝上型電腦等等。 1 shows a block diagram of a transmitter 118 and a receiver 150 in a wireless communication system. For the downlink, the transmitter 118 can be part of a base station, and the receiver 150 can be part of a wireless device (a remote station). For the uplink, the transmitter 118 can be part of a wireless device and the receiver 150 can be part of a base station. A base station is typically a fixed station that communicates with a wireless device and may also be referred to as a Node B, an evolved Node B (eNode B), an access point, and the like. A wireless device can be fixed or mobile and can also be referred to as a remote station, a mobile station, a user device, a mobile device, a terminal, a remote terminal, an access terminal, a station, and the like. The wireless device can be a cellular telephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless data modem, a wireless communication device, a palm-sized device, a subscriber unit, a laptop, and the like.
在傳輸器118處,傳輸(TX)資料處理器120接收並處理(例如,格式化、編碼及交錯)資料且提供經編碼之資料。調變器130對經編碼之資料執行調變且提供經調變之信號。調變器130可針對GSM執行高斯最小移相鍵控(GMSK),針對全球演進增強型資料速率(EDGE)執行8階移相鍵控(8-PSK)等等。GMSK為連續相位調變協定而8-PSK為數位調變協定。傳輸器單元(TMTR)132調節(例如,濾波、放大及升頻轉 換)經調變之信號且產生RF調變信號,該RF信號經由天線134傳輸。 At transmitter 118, transmission (TX) data processor 120 receives and processes (e.g., formats, codes, and interleaves) the data and provides encoded material. Modulator 130 performs modulation on the encoded data and provides a modulated signal. Modulator 130 may perform Gaussian Minimum Phase Shift Keying (GMSK) for GSM, 8th Order Phase Shift Keying (8-PSK) for Global Evolution Enhanced Data Rate (EDGE), and the like. GMSK is a continuous phase modulation protocol and 8-PSK is a digital modulation protocol. Transmitter unit (TMTR) 132 adjustment (eg, filtering, amplification, and up-conversion) The modulated signal is converted and an RF modulated signal is generated, which is transmitted via antenna 134.
在接收器150處,天線152自傳輸器110及其他傳輸器接收RF調變信號。天線152將所接收之RF信號提供至接收器單元(RCVR)154。接收器單元154調節(例如,濾波、放大及降頻轉換)所接收之RF信號,數位化經調節之信號且提供樣本。解調變器160如下文所描述處理樣本且提供經解調變之資料。接收(RX)資料處理器170處理(例如,解交錯及解碼)經解調變之資料且提供經解碼之資料。一般而言,由解調變器160及RX資料處理器170進行之處理分別與在傳輸器110處由調變器130及TX資料處理器120進行之處理互補。 At receiver 150, antenna 152 receives RF modulation signals from transmitter 110 and other transmitters. Antenna 152 provides the received RF signal to a receiver unit (RCVR) 154. Receiver unit 154 conditions (eg, filters, amplifies, and downconverts) the received RF signals, digitizes the conditioned signals, and provides samples. Demodulation transformer 160 processes the samples as described below and provides demodulated data. A receive (RX) data processor 170 processes (e.g., deinterleaves and decodes) the demodulated data and provides decoded data. In general, the processing by demodulation transformer 160 and RX data processor 170 is complementary to the processing performed by modulator 130 and TX data processor 120 at transmitter 110, respectively.
控制器/處理器140及180分別指導傳輸器118及接收器150處之操作。記憶體142及182分別儲存呈由傳輸器118及接收器150所使用之電腦軟體及資料之形式的程式碼。 Controller/processors 140 and 180 direct operation at transmitter 118 and receiver 150, respectively. The memories 142 and 182 store code in the form of computer software and data used by the transmitter 118 and the receiver 150, respectively.
圖2展示在圖1中之接收器150處之接收器單元154及解調變器160之設計的方塊圖。在接收器單元154內,接收鏈440處理所接收之RF信號且提供表示為Ibb及Qbb之I及Q基頻信號。接收鏈440可執行低雜訊放大、類比濾波、四相降頻轉換等等。類比數位轉換器(ADC)442以f adc 之取樣率數位化I及Q基頻信號且提供表示為Iadc及Qadc之I及Q樣本。一般而言,ADC取樣率f adc 可以任一整數或非整數因數而與符號率f sym 相關。 2 shows a block diagram of the design of receiver unit 154 and demodulation transformer 160 at receiver 150 in FIG. Within receiver unit 154, receive chain 440 processes the received RF signals and provides I and Q baseband signals denoted Ibb and Qbb . Receive chain 440 can perform low noise amplification, analog filtering, four phase down conversion, and the like. An analog to digital converter (ADC) 442 digitizes the I and Q baseband signals at a sampling rate of f adc and provides I and Q samples denoted I adc and Q adc . In general, the ADC sampling rate f adc can be related to the symbol rate f sym by any integer or non-integer factor.
在解調變器160內,預處理器420對來自ADC 442之I及Q樣本執行預處理。舉例而言,預處理器420可移除直流(DC)偏移,移除頻率偏移等等。輸入濾波器422基於特定頻率響應對來自預處理器420之樣本進行濾波且提供表示為Iin及Qin之輸入I及Q樣本。濾波器422可對I及Q樣本進行濾波以抑制由ADC 442以及干擾機進行之取樣引起之影像。濾波器422亦可執行樣本率轉換,例如,自24X超取樣降至2X超取樣。資料濾波器424基於另一頻率響應對來自輸入濾波器422之輸入I 及Q樣本進行濾波且提供表示為Iout及Qout之輸出I及Q樣本。可用有限脈衝響應(FIR)濾波器、無限脈衝響應(IIR)濾波器或其他類型之濾波器實施濾波器422及424。可選擇濾波器422及424之頻率響應以達成良好之效能。在一設計中,濾波器422之頻率響應為固定的,且濾波器424之頻率響應為可組態的。 Within demodulation transformer 160, pre-processor 420 performs pre-processing on the I and Q samples from ADC 442. For example, pre-processor 420 can remove direct current (DC) offsets, remove frequency offsets, and the like. Input filter 422 filters samples from pre-processor 420 based on a particular frequency response and provides input I and Q samples denoted as I in and Q in . Filter 422 filters the I and Q samples to suppress images caused by sampling by ADC 442 and the jammer. Filter 422 can also perform sample rate conversion, for example, from 24X oversampling to 2X oversampling. The data filter 424 filters the input I and Q samples from the input filter 422 based on another frequency response and provides output I and Q samples denoted I out and Q out . Filters 422 and 424 may be implemented with a finite impulse response (FIR) filter, an infinite impulse response (IIR) filter, or other type of filter. The frequency response of filters 422 and 424 can be selected to achieve good performance. In one design, the frequency response of filter 422 is fixed and the frequency response of filter 424 is configurable.
鄰近頻道干擾(ACI)偵測器430接收來自濾波器422之輸入I及Q樣本,偵測所接收之RF信號中之ACI,且將ACI指示符提供至濾波器424。ACI指示符可指示ACI是否存在,且若存在,則指示ACI是否歸因於以+200KHz為中心之較高RF頻道及/或歸因於以-200KHz為中心之較低RF頻道。濾波器424之頻率響應可如下文所描述基於ACI指示符調整以達成良好之效能。 The adjacent channel interference (ACI) detector 430 receives the input I and Q samples from the filter 422, detects the ACI in the received RF signal, and provides the ACI indicator to the filter 424. The ACI indicator may indicate whether the ACI is present and, if present, indicate whether the ACI is due to a higher RF channel centered at +200 KHz and/or due to a lower RF channel centered at -200 KHz. The frequency response of filter 424 can be adjusted based on the ACI indicator as described below to achieve good performance.
等化器/偵測器426接收來自濾波器424之輸出I及Q樣本且對此等樣本執行等化、匹配濾波、偵測及/或其他處理。舉例而言,等化器/偵測器426可實施一最大似然序列估計器(MLSE),該最大似然序列估計器在給定I及Q樣本之序列及頻道估計之情況下判定最有可能已被傳輸之符號的序列。 The equalizer/detector 426 receives the output I and Q samples from the filter 424 and performs equalization, matched filtering, detection, and/or other processing on the samples. For example, the equalizer/detector 426 can implement a maximum likelihood sequence estimator (MLSE) that determines the most likely sequence given the sequence of I and Q samples and channel estimates. A sequence of symbols that may have been transmitted.
全球行動通信系統(GSM)為蜂巢式、無線通信中之普遍標準。GSM出於共用頻譜資源之目的而使用分時多重存取(TDMA)與分頻多重存取(FDMA)之組合。GSM網路通常以許多頻帶操作。舉例而言,對於上行鏈路通信,GSM-900通常使用890-915MHz頻帶中之無線頻譜(行動台至基地收發台)。對於下行鏈路通信,GSM 900使用935-960MHz頻帶(基地台至行動台)。此外,將每一頻帶劃分成多個200kHz之載波頻率,從而提供以200kHz隔開之124個RF頻道。GSM-1900將1850-1910MHz之頻帶用於上行鏈路且將1930-1990MHz之頻帶用於下行鏈路。如同GSM 900,FDMA將用於上行鏈路及下行鏈路兩者之GSM-1900頻譜劃分成多個200kHz寬之載波頻率。類似地,GSM-850 將824-849MHz之頻帶用於上行鏈路且將869-894MHz之頻帶用於下行鏈路,而GSM-1800將1710-1785MHz之頻帶上行鏈路且將1805-1880MHz之頻帶用於下行鏈路。 The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is a common standard in cellular and wireless communications. GSM uses a combination of time division multiple access (TDMA) and frequency division multiple access (FDMA) for the purpose of sharing spectrum resources. GSM networks typically operate in many frequency bands. For example, for uplink communications, the GSM-900 typically uses the wireless spectrum (mobile station to base transceiver station) in the 890-915 MHz band. For downlink communications, the GSM 900 uses the 935-960 MHz band (base station to mobile station). In addition, each frequency band is divided into a plurality of carrier frequencies of 200 kHz to provide 124 RF channels separated by 200 kHz. GSM-1900 uses the band of 1850-1910 MHz for the uplink and the band 1930-1990 MHz for the downlink. Like GSM 900, FDMA divides the GSM-1900 spectrum for both uplink and downlink into multiple 200 kHz wide carrier frequencies. Similarly, GSM-850 The band of 824-849 MHz is used for the uplink and the band of 869-894 MHz is used for the downlink, while the GSM-1800 uplinks the band of 1710-1785 MHz and the band of 1805-1880 MHz is used for the downlink.
GSM中之每一頻道藉由一特定絕對射頻頻道識別,特定絕對射頻頻道藉由絕對無線頻率頻道號碼或ARFCN識別。舉例而言,將ARFCN 1-124指派至GSM 900之頻道,而將ARFCN 512-810指派至GSM 1900之頻道。類似地,將ARFCN 128-251指派至GSM 850之頻道,而將ARFCN 512-885指派至GSM 1800之頻道。又,向每一基地台指派一或多個載波頻率。使用TDMA將每一載波頻率劃分成八個時槽(將其標記為時槽0至7)使得八個連續時槽形成一具有4.615ms之持續時間的TDMA訊框。一實體頻道佔據一TDMA訊框內之一個時槽。向每一作用中無線裝置/使用者指派一或多個時槽索引用於一呼叫之持續。在經指派至彼無線裝置之時槽中且在用於訊務頻道之TDMA訊框中發送用於每一無線裝置之使用者特定資料。 Each channel in GSM is identified by a specific absolute RF channel, which is identified by an absolute radio frequency channel number or ARFCN. For example, ARFCN 1-124 is assigned to the channel of GSM 900 and ARFCN 512-810 is assigned to the channel of GSM 1900. Similarly, ARFCN 128-251 is assigned to the channel of GSM 850 and ARFCN 512-885 is assigned to the channel of GSM 1800. Also, each base station is assigned one or more carrier frequencies. Each carrier frequency is divided into eight time slots (labeled as time slots 0 to 7) using TDMA such that eight consecutive time slots form a TDMA frame having a duration of 4.615 ms. A physical channel occupies a time slot within a TDMA frame. Each active wireless device/user is assigned one or more time slot indices for the duration of a call. User specific data for each wireless device is transmitted in a time slot assigned to the wireless device and in a TDMA frame for the traffic channel.
在GSM中,一訊框內之每一時槽用於傳輸資料之一"叢發"。有時可互換地使用術語時槽及叢發。每一叢發包括兩個尾部欄位、兩個資料欄位、一訓練序列(或中置碼)欄位及一保護週期(GP)。每一欄位中之符號之數目展示在圓括號內。一叢發針對尾部欄位、資料欄位及中置碼(midamble)欄位包括148個符號。在保護週期中不發送符號。特定載波頻率之多個TDMA訊框經編號且以稱作多框之26或51個TDMA訊框之群組形成。 In GSM, each time slot in a frame is used to transmit one of the data "cluster". The term time slots and bursts are sometimes used interchangeably. Each burst includes two tail fields, two data fields, a training sequence (or midamble) field, and a guard period (GP). The number of symbols in each field is shown in parentheses. A burst includes 148 symbols for the tail field, the data field, and the midamble field. No symbols are sent during the protection period. A plurality of TDMA frames of a particular carrier frequency are numbered and formed in groups of 26 or 51 TDMA frames called multiframes.
圖3展示GSM中之實例訊框及叢發格式。將傳輸之時間線劃分成多框。對於用以發送使用者特定資料之訊務頻道,此實例中之每一多框包括標記為TDMA訊框0至25之26個TDMA訊框。在每一多框之TDMA訊框0至11及TDMA訊框13至24中發送訊務頻道。在TDMA訊框12中發送一控制頻道。在閒置TDMA訊框25中不發送資料,閒置 TDMA訊框25由無線裝置用以對鄰近基地台進行量測。 Figure 3 shows an example frame and burst format in GSM. Divide the timeline of the transmission into multiple frames. For the traffic channel used to send the user-specific data, each of the multi-frames in this example includes 26 TDMA frames labeled TDMA frames 0 through 25. The traffic channel is transmitted in each of the multi-frame TDMA frames 0 to 11 and the TDMA frames 13 to 24. A control channel is transmitted in the TDMA frame 12. Do not send data in idle TDMA frame 25, idle The TDMA frame 25 is used by the wireless device to measure neighboring base stations.
圖4展示GSM系統中之實例頻譜。在此實例中,在以200KHz隔開之五個RF頻道上傳輸五個RF調變信號。在中心頻率為0Hz的情況下展示所關注之RF頻道。兩個鄰近之RF頻道具有距所要RF頻道之中心頻率+200KHz及-200KHz之中心頻率。下兩個最近之RF頻道(將其稱作阻斷頻道(blocker)或非鄰近RF頻道)具有距所要RF頻道之中心頻率+400KHz及-400KHz之中心頻率。頻譜中可存在其他RF頻道,出於簡明考慮未將該等其他RF頻道展示於圖4中。在GSM中,RF調變信號係以f sym =13000/40=270.8千符號/秒(Ksps)之符號率產生且具有直至±135KHz之-3dB的頻寬。鄰近RF頻道上之RF調變信號可因此在邊緣處彼此重疊,如圖4中所展示。 Figure 4 shows an example spectrum in a GSM system. In this example, five RF modulated signals are transmitted on five RF channels separated by 200 KHz. The RF channel of interest is displayed with a center frequency of 0 Hz. The two adjacent RF channels have a center frequency of +200 KHz and -200 KHz from the center frequency of the desired RF channel. The next two most recent RF channels (referred to as blockers or non-adjacent RF channels) have a center frequency of +400 KHz and -400 KHz from the center frequency of the desired RF channel. There may be other RF channels in the spectrum, which are not shown in Figure 4 for the sake of brevity. In GSM, the RF modulation signal is generated at a symbol rate of f sym = 13000/40 = 270.8 kilo symbols per second (Ksps) and has a bandwidth of -3 dB up to ±135 KHz. The RF modulated signals on adjacent RF channels can thus overlap each other at the edges, as shown in FIG.
將一或多個調變方案用於GSM中以傳達資訊,諸如,聲音、資料及/或控制資訊。調變方案之實例可包括GMSK(高斯最小移相鍵控)、M階QAM(正交調幅)或M階PSK(移相鍵控),其中M=2n,其中n為指定調變方案之符號週期內經編碼的位元數目。GMSK為允許在每秒270.83千位元(Kbps)之最大速率下的原始傳輸的恆定包絡二元調變方案。 One or more modulation schemes are used in GSM to convey information, such as sound, data, and/or control information. Examples of the modulation schemes may include the GMSK (Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying), M-ary QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) or M-ary PSK (Phase Shift Keying), where M = 2 n, where n is a specified modulation scheme of The number of encoded bits in the symbol period. GMSK is a constant envelope binary modulation scheme that allows for raw transmission at a maximum rate of 270.83 kilobits per second (Kbps).
GSM對於標準的聲音服務係高效的。然而,高保真音訊及資料服務歸因於對傳送聲音服務及資料服務兩者之容量之增加的需求而需要較高的資料輸送量率。為了增加容量,已在GSM系統中採用通用封包無線電服務(GPRS)、EDGE(GSM演進增強型資料速率)及UMTS(全球行動電信系統)標準。 GSM is efficient for standard voice services. However, high-fidelity audio and data services are subject to higher data throughput rates due to the increased demand for the transmission of both voice and data services. In order to increase capacity, the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), EDGE (GSM Evolution Enhanced Data Rate) and UMTS (Global Mobile Telecommunications System) standards have been adopted in the GSM system.
通用封包無線電服務(GPRS)為非聲音服務。GPRS允許跨越行動電話網路發送及接收資訊。GPRS補充電路交換資料(CSD)及簡訊服務(SMS)。GPRS使用與GSM相同之調變方案。GPRS允許整個訊框(所有八個時槽)由單一行動台同時使用。因此,可達成較高之資料輸送量 率。 The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is a non-voice service. GPRS allows sending and receiving information across a mobile phone network. GPRS Supplementary Circuit Switched Data (CSD) and Short Message Service (SMS). GPRS uses the same modulation scheme as GSM. GPRS allows the entire frame (all eight time slots) to be used simultaneously by a single mobile station. Therefore, a higher amount of data can be achieved. rate.
EDGE標準使用GMSK調變及8-PSK調變兩者。又,調變類型可在叢發之間改變。EDGE中之8-PSK調變為具有3π/8旋轉之線性的8階相位調變,而GMSK為非線性的、高斯脈衝型頻率調變。然而,可用線性調變(亦即,具有π/2旋轉之2階相位調變)近似用於GSM中之特定GMSK調變。近似之GMSK之符號脈衝與8-PSK之符號脈衝相同。 The EDGE standard uses both GMSK modulation and 8-PSK modulation. Also, the modulation type can be changed between bursts. The 8-PSK in EDGE is modulated into an 8-order phase modulation with a linearity of 3π/8 rotation, while GMSK is a nonlinear, Gaussian pulse-type frequency modulation. However, linear modulation (i.e., 2nd order phase modulation with π/2 rotation) can be approximated for a particular GMSK modulation in GSM. The symbol pulse of the approximate GMSK is the same as the symbol pulse of 8-PSK.
在GSM/EDGE中,頻率叢發(FB)藉由基地台(BS)規則地發送以允許行動台(MS)使用頻率偏移估計及校正將其本地振盪器(LO)與基地台LO同步。此等叢發包含對應於全"0"有效負載及訓練序列之單一載頻調。頻率叢發之全零有效負載為一恆定之頻率信號,或一單一載頻調叢發。當在通電或待接模式中時或當最初存取網路時,遠端台連續搜尋來自一列載波之一頻率叢發。在偵測到一頻率叢發之後,MS將估計相對於其標稱頻率(為自載波之67.7KHz)之頻率偏移。將使用此經估計之頻率偏移來校正MS LO。在通電模式中,頻率偏移可多達+/- 19KHz。MS將週期性地醒來以監視頻率叢發以在待用模式中保持其同步。在待用模式中,頻率偏移在±2KHz內。 In GSM/EDGE, Frequency Burst (FB) is regularly transmitted by a base station (BS) to allow the mobile station (MS) to synchronize its local oscillator (LO) with the base station LO using frequency offset estimation and correction. These bursts contain a single carrier tone corresponding to the all "0" payload and training sequence. The all-zero payload of the frequency burst is a constant frequency signal, or a single carrier frequency burst. The remote station continuously searches for one of the frequency bursts from a list of carriers when in power up or standby mode or when initially accessing the network. After detecting a burst of frequencies, the MS will estimate the frequency offset relative to its nominal frequency (67.7 KHz from the carrier). This estimated frequency offset will be used to correct the MS LO. In power-on mode, the frequency offset can be as much as +/- 19KHz. The MS will periodically wake up to monitor the frequency burst to maintain its synchronization in the inactive mode. In the standby mode, the frequency offset is within ±2KHz.
現代行動蜂巢式電話能夠提供習知之聲音呼叫及資料呼叫。對呼叫之兩種類型之需求持續增加,從而對網路容量提出不斷增加之需求。網路操作者藉由增加其容量而解決此需求。此(例如)藉由劃分或添加小區且因此添加更多之基地台(其增加硬體成本)而達成。需要在不過度地增加硬體成本的情況下增加網路容量以(尤其)應付大型事件(諸如,國際足球比賽或重大節日,其中位於小區域內之許多使用者或用戶希望同時存取網路)期間之顯著大的峰值需求。當向一第一遠端台分配一頻道(一包含一頻道頻率及一時槽之頻道)用於通信時,一第二遠端台僅可在第一遠端台已結束使用該經分配之頻道之後使用該頻道。當所有經分配之頻道頻率用於小區中且所有可用之時槽正使用 或經分配時,達到最大小區容量。此意謂任一額外遠端台使用者將不能夠獲得服務。事實上,歸因於藉由高頻率重複使用樣式及高容量負載(諸如,80%之時槽及頻道頻率)所引入之同頻道干擾(CCI)及鄰近頻道干擾(ACI),存在另一容量限制。 Modern mobile cellular phones provide familiar voice calls and data calls. The demand for both types of calls continues to increase, creating an ever-increasing demand for network capacity. Network operators address this need by increasing their capacity. This is achieved, for example, by dividing or adding cells and thus adding more base stations that increase hardware costs. There is a need to increase network capacity without excessively increasing hardware costs to (especially) cope with large events (such as international football matches or major festivals where many users or users in a small area want to access the network simultaneously Significantly large peak demand during the period. When a first remote station is assigned a channel (a channel including a channel frequency and a time slot) for communication, a second remote station can only use the assigned channel at the first remote station. Then use the channel. When all allocated channel frequencies are used in the cell and all available slots are in use Or when allocated, the maximum cell capacity is reached. This means that any additional remote station users will not be able to get service. In fact, there is another capacity due to co-channel interference (CCI) and adjacent channel interference (ACI) introduced by high frequency reuse patterns and high-capacity loads (such as 80% slot and channel frequency). limit.
網路操作者已用許多方式解決了此問題,所有該等方式需要額外資源及額外成本。舉例而言,一方法係藉由使用扇區化或定向天線陣列將小區劃分成扇區。每一扇區可為小區內之遠端台之一子集提供通信且不同扇區中之遠端台之間的干擾小於小區未被劃分成扇區且所有遠端台在相同小區中的情形。另一方法係將小區劃分成較小小區,每一新的較小小區具有一基地台。實施兩個此等方法歸因於額外網路設備而花費較大。此外,因為減小了小區之間的距離,所以添加小區或將小區劃分成若干較小小區可導致一小區內之遠端台經受來自鄰近小區之更多CCI及ACI干擾。 Network operators have solved this problem in a number of ways, all of which require additional resources and additional costs. For example, one method divides a cell into sectors by using a sectorized or directional antenna array. Each sector may provide communication for a subset of remote stations within the cell and interference between remote stations in different sectors is less than if the cell is not partitioned into sectors and all remote stations are in the same cell . Another method is to divide the cell into smaller cells, each new smaller cell having a base station. Implementing two of these methods is costly due to additional network equipment. Furthermore, because the distance between cells is reduced, adding a cell or dividing a cell into several smaller cells may result in remote stations within a cell experiencing more CCI and ACI interference from neighboring cells.
在一第一實施例中,本專利申請案包含一種基地台控制器,該基地台控制器包含:一控制器處理器;一記憶體子系統;一資料匯流排,其可操作地連接於控制器處理器與記憶體之間,其中控制器處理器經由資料匯流排與記憶體子系統通信以發送參數值至記憶體子系統且自記憶體子系統接收參數值;及軟體,其儲存於記憶體子系統中,其中記憶體子系統包含至少一資料表,其中資料包含用於遠端台之至少一集合的一參數的值、訓練序列的值、時槽號碼的值及頻道頻率的值。 In a first embodiment, the patent application includes a base station controller including: a controller processor; a memory subsystem; and a data bus operatively coupled to the control Between the processor and the memory, wherein the controller processor communicates with the memory subsystem via the data bus to transmit parameter values to the memory subsystem and receives parameter values from the memory subsystem; and the software is stored in the memory In the body subsystem, wherein the memory subsystem includes at least one data table, wherein the data includes a parameter value for at least one set of the remote stations, a value of the training sequence, a value of the time slot number, and a value of the channel frequency.
在另一實施例中,本專利申請案包含用於產生共用一頻道之第一信號及第二信號之構件及指令,產生共用一頻道之第一信號及第二信號包含:產生一第一資料及一第二資料;產生一第一訓練序列及一第二訓練序列;組合第一訓練序列與第一資料,以產生一第一組合資料;組合第二訓練序列與第二資料,以產生一第二組合資料;使用一 相同載波頻率及一相同時槽調變並傳輸該第一組合資料及該第二組合資料兩者以產生第一及第二傳輸信號;及藉由一基地台在相同小區中之相同載波頻率上之相同時槽中使用訓練序列中之兩者。 In another embodiment, the present patent application includes means and instructions for generating a first signal and a second signal sharing a channel, and generating the first signal and the second signal sharing a channel includes: generating a first data And a second data; generating a first training sequence and a second training sequence; combining the first training sequence with the first data to generate a first combined data; combining the second training sequence with the second data to generate a Second combination of materials; use one And transmitting the first combined data and the second combined data to generate the first and second transmitted signals by using the same carrier frequency and an identical time slot; and by using a base station on the same carrier frequency in the same cell Both of the training sequences are used in the same time slot.
在另一實施例中,本專利申請案包含用於使信號共用一單一頻道之構件及指令,使信號共用一單一頻道包含:建置一新連接;在一頻道頻率上存在一未使用時槽的情況下分配一新時槽;在頻道頻率上不存在一未使用時槽的情況下為新連接選擇一已使用時槽以與一現有連接共用;在已為新連接選擇頻道頻率上之已使用時槽以與一現有連接共用的情況下為新連接選擇一不同訓練序列碼(及相應之新訓練序列);及藉由一基地台114在相同小區中之相同頻道頻率411上之相同時槽412中使用該訓練序列碼404、該訓練序列碼405兩者。 In another embodiment, the present patent application includes means and instructions for sharing signals with a single channel, such that sharing a single channel of signals includes: establishing a new connection; there is an unused slot on a channel frequency In the case of a new time slot; if there is no unused time slot on the channel frequency, a used time slot is selected for the new connection to share with an existing connection; the channel frequency has been selected for the new connection. Using a time slot to select a different training sequence code (and corresponding new training sequence) for the new connection if it is shared with an existing connection; and when the same channel frequency 411 in the same cell is the same when a base station 114 is in the same cell Both the training sequence code 404 and the training sequence code 405 are used in the slot 412.
在另一實施例中,不同訓練序列碼與現有連接之訓練序列碼之間的交叉相關比率為低的。 In another embodiment, the cross-correlation ratio between the different training sequence codes and the existing connected training sequence codes is low.
在另一實施例中,本專利申請案包含一種用以產生共用一頻道之第一信號及第二信號之裝置,該裝置包含:複數個資料源,藉此產生複數個資料;至少一序列產生器,其具有複數個輸出端,藉此產生複數個訓練序列;複數個組合器,每一者具有複數個輸入端及至少一輸出端,其中該等輸入端中之一第一者可操作地連接至該等資料源中之一者且該等輸入端中之一第二者可操作地連接至該序列產生器的該等輸出端中的一者,藉此組合至少一訓練序列與至少一資料,以產生至少一組合資料;及一傳輸器調變器,其具有複數個輸入端及至少一輸出端,藉此該傳輸器調變器使用一第一載波頻率及一第一時槽調變該組合資料且輸出複數個經調變之信號。 In another embodiment, the present patent application includes a device for generating a first signal and a second signal sharing a channel, the device comprising: a plurality of data sources, thereby generating a plurality of data; at least one sequence is generated And having a plurality of outputs, thereby generating a plurality of training sequences; a plurality of combiners each having a plurality of inputs and at least one output, wherein one of the inputs is operatively Connected to one of the data sources and a second one of the inputs is operatively coupled to one of the outputs of the sequence generator, thereby combining at least one training sequence with at least one Data to generate at least one combined data; and a transmitter modulator having a plurality of inputs and at least one output, whereby the transmitter modulator uses a first carrier frequency and a first time slot modulation The combined data is changed and a plurality of modulated signals are output.
在另一實施例中,本專利申請案包含一種基地台,該基地台包含:一控制器處理器;一天線;一雙工器開關,其可操作地連接至基地台天線;一接收器前端,其可操作地連接至雙工器開關;一接收器 解調變器,其可操作地連接至接收器前端;一頻道解碼器及解交錯器,其可操作地連接至接收器解調變器及控制器處理器;一基地台控制器介面,其可操作地連接至控制器處理器;一編碼器及交錯器,其可操作地連接至控制器處理器;一傳輸器調變器,其可操作地連接至編碼器及交錯器;一傳輸器前端模組,其可操作地連接於傳輸器調變器與雙工器開關之間;一資料匯流排,其可操作地連接於控制器處理器與頻道解碼器及解交錯器、接收器解調變器、接收器前端、傳輸器調變器及傳輸器前端之間;及軟體,其儲存於記憶體中,其中記憶體包含至少一資料表,其中資料包含用於遠端台之至少一集合的一參數的值、訓練序列碼(對應於訓練序列)的值、時槽號碼的值及頻道頻率的值。 In another embodiment, the patent application includes a base station comprising: a controller processor; an antenna; a duplexer switch operatively coupled to the base station antenna; a receiver front end , operatively connected to the duplexer switch; a receiver a demodulator operatively coupled to the receiver front end; a channel decoder and deinterleaver operatively coupled to the receiver demodulation transformer and the controller processor; a base station controller interface, Operablely coupled to a controller processor; an encoder and interleaver operatively coupled to the controller processor; a transmitter modulator operatively coupled to the encoder and the interleaver; a transmitter a front end module operatively coupled between the transmitter modulator and the duplexer switch; a data bus operatively coupled to the controller processor and the channel decoder and deinterleaver, receiver solution Between the modulator, the receiver front end, the transmitter modulator, and the transmitter front end; and the software stored in the memory, wherein the memory includes at least one data table, wherein the data includes at least one for the remote station The value of a parameter of the set, the value of the training sequence code (corresponding to the training sequence), the value of the time slot number, and the value of the channel frequency.
本方法及裝置之適用性的進一步範疇自以下詳細描述、申請專利範圍及圖式將變得顯而易見。然而,應理解,雖然詳細描述及特定實例指示本發明之較佳實施例,但由於在本發明之精神及範疇內的各種改變及修改對於熟習此項技術者將變得顯而易見,因此詳細描述及特定實例僅以說明方式給出。 Further scope of the applicability of the method and apparatus will become apparent from the following detailed description, claims However, it is to be understood that the detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention Specific examples are given by way of illustration only.
30‧‧‧時槽之序列 30‧‧‧ time slot sequence
31‧‧‧時槽序列 31‧‧‧ time slot sequence
100‧‧‧蜂巢式通信系統 100‧‧‧Hive Communication System
110‧‧‧基地台 110‧‧‧Base station
111‧‧‧基地台 111‧‧‧Base station
114‧‧‧基地台 114‧‧‧Base station
118‧‧‧傳輸器 118‧‧‧Transporter
120‧‧‧傳輸(TX)資料處理器 120‧‧‧Transport (TX) data processor
123‧‧‧遠端台/行動台 123‧‧‧Remote station/mobile station
124‧‧‧遠端台/行動台 124‧‧‧Remote station/mobile station
125‧‧‧遠端台/行動台 125‧‧‧Remote/Mobile
126‧‧‧遠端台 126‧‧‧Remote station
127‧‧‧遠端台/行動台 127‧‧‧Remote station/mobile station
130‧‧‧調變器 130‧‧‧Transformer
132‧‧‧傳輸器單元 132‧‧‧Transport unit
134‧‧‧天線 134‧‧‧Antenna
140‧‧‧控制器/處理器 140‧‧‧Controller/Processor
141‧‧‧基地台控制器 141‧‧‧Base station controller
142‧‧‧記憶體 142‧‧‧ memory
144‧‧‧基地台控制器 144‧‧‧Base station controller
150‧‧‧接收器 150‧‧‧ Receiver
151‧‧‧行動交換中心 151‧‧‧Action Exchange Center
152‧‧‧天線/行動交換中心 152‧‧‧Antenna/Action Exchange Center
154‧‧‧接收器單元 154‧‧‧ Receiver unit
160‧‧‧解調變器 160‧‧‧Demodulation transformer
162‧‧‧公眾交換電話網路(PSTN) 162‧‧‧Public Exchange Telephone Network (PSTN)
170‧‧‧接收(RX)資料處理器/虛線箭頭 170‧‧‧Receive (RX) data processor / dotted arrow
180‧‧‧控制器/處理器 180‧‧‧Controller/Processor
182‧‧‧記憶體/點線箭頭 182‧‧‧Memory/dotted arrow
210‧‧‧系統之小區重複樣式 210‧‧‧Cell cell repeat pattern
220‧‧‧服務區域 220‧‧‧Service area
230‧‧‧服務區域 230‧‧‧Service area
240‧‧‧服務區域 240‧‧‧Service area
250‧‧‧粗體邊界 250‧‧‧bold border
401‧‧‧第一資料源 401‧‧‧First source of information
402‧‧‧第二資料源 402‧‧‧Second source of information
403‧‧‧序列產生器 403‧‧‧Sequence Generator
404‧‧‧第一序列 404‧‧‧First sequence
405‧‧‧第二序列 405‧‧‧Second sequence
406‧‧‧第一組合器 406‧‧‧First combiner
407‧‧‧第二組合器 407‧‧‧Second combiner
408‧‧‧第一組合資料 408‧‧‧First combination data
409‧‧‧第二組合資料 409‧‧‧Second combination data
410‧‧‧傳輸器調變器 410‧‧‧Transmitter modulator
411‧‧‧第一載波頻率 411‧‧‧First carrier frequency
412‧‧‧第一時槽 412‧‧‧ first time slot
413‧‧‧第一經調變信號 413‧‧‧First modulated signal
414‧‧‧第二經調變信號 414‧‧‧Second modulated signal
415‧‧‧RF前端 415‧‧‧RF front end
416‧‧‧天線 416‧‧‧Antenna
417‧‧‧天線 417‧‧‧Antenna
420‧‧‧預處理器 420‧‧‧Preprocessor
421‧‧‧振盪器 421‧‧‧Oscillator
422‧‧‧輸入濾波器 422‧‧‧Input filter
424‧‧‧資料濾波器/第一資料 424‧‧‧Data Filter/First Data
425‧‧‧第二資料 425‧‧‧Second information
426‧‧‧等化器/偵測器 426‧‧‧ Equalizer/Detector
430‧‧‧鄰近頻道干擾(ACI)偵測器 430‧‧‧Attach Channel Interference (ACI) Detector
440‧‧‧接收鏈 440‧‧‧ Receiving chain
442‧‧‧類比數位轉換器(ADC) 442‧‧‧ Analog Digital Converter (ADC)
600‧‧‧基地台控制器 600‧‧‧Base Station Controller
610‧‧‧行動交換中心 610‧‧‧Action Exchange Center
620‧‧‧基地台 620‧‧‧Base station
630‧‧‧基地台 630‧‧‧Base station
640‧‧‧基地台 640‧‧‧Base station
650‧‧‧記憶體子系統 650‧‧‧ memory subsystem
651‧‧‧資料表 651‧‧‧Information Sheet
652‧‧‧資料表 652‧‧‧Information Sheet
653‧‧‧資料表 653‧‧‧Information Sheet
660‧‧‧控制器處理器 660‧‧‧Controller Processor
661‧‧‧功能/命令 661‧‧‧Features/Orders
662‧‧‧功能/命令 662‧‧‧Features/Orders
663‧‧‧功能/命令 663‧‧‧Features/Orders
664‧‧‧功能/命令 664‧‧‧Features/Orders
665‧‧‧功能 665‧‧‧ function
670‧‧‧資料匯流排 670‧‧‧ data bus
680‧‧‧軟體 680‧‧‧Software
685‧‧‧記憶體 685‧‧‧ memory
920‧‧‧基地台 920‧‧‧Base station
921‧‧‧基地台控制器介面 921‧‧‧Base station controller interface
922‧‧‧頻道解碼器及解交錯器 922‧‧‧Channel Decoder and Deinterleaver
923‧‧‧接收器解調變器 923‧‧‧ Receiver Demodulation Transducer
924‧‧‧接收器前端 924‧‧‧ Receiver front end
925‧‧‧天線 925‧‧‧Antenna
926‧‧‧雙工器開關 926‧‧‧Duplexer switch
927‧‧‧傳輸器前端模組/傳輸器前端/傳輸器組件 927‧‧‧Transport front-end module/transmitter front-end/transmitter assembly
928‧‧‧傳輸器調變器/傳輸器組件 928‧‧‧Transmitter modulator/transmitter assembly
929‧‧‧編碼器及交錯器/傳輸器組件 929‧‧‧Encoder and interleaver/transmitter components
950‧‧‧通信鏈路 950‧‧‧Communication link
960‧‧‧控制器處理器 960‧‧‧Controller Processor
961‧‧‧軟體 961‧‧‧Software
962‧‧‧記憶體 962‧‧‧ memory
970‧‧‧資料匯流排 970‧‧‧ data bus
980‧‧‧資料匯流排 980‧‧‧ data bus
1001‧‧‧表 1001‧‧‧Table
1002‧‧‧表 1002‧‧‧Table
1003‧‧‧表 1003‧‧‧Table
1005‧‧‧表 1005‧‧‧Table
1105‧‧‧單天線干擾消除(SAIC)等化器 1105‧‧‧Single Antenna Interference Cancellation (SAIC) Equalizer
1106‧‧‧最大似然序列估計器(MLSE)等化器 1106‧‧‧Maximum Likelihood Sequence Estimator (MLSE) Equalizer
A‧‧‧小區 A‧‧‧district
B‧‧‧小區 B‧‧‧Community
C‧‧‧小區 C‧‧‧Cell
I‧‧‧基頻信號/樣本 I‧‧‧ fundamental frequency signal/sample
Iadc‧‧‧樣本 I adc ‧‧‧ sample
Ibb‧‧‧基頻信號 I bb ‧‧‧ fundamental frequency signal
Iin‧‧‧輸入樣本 I in ‧‧‧Input sample
Iout‧‧‧輸出樣本 I out ‧‧‧Output sample
Q‧‧‧基頻信號/樣本 Q‧‧‧Base frequency signal/sample
Qadc‧‧‧樣本 Q adc ‧‧‧sample
Qbb‧‧‧基頻信號 Q bb ‧‧‧ fundamental frequency signal
Qin‧‧‧輸入樣本 Q in ‧‧‧Input sample
Qout‧‧‧輸出樣本 Q out ‧‧‧Output sample
圖1展示傳輸器及接收器之方塊圖。 Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the transmitter and receiver.
圖2展示接收器單元及解調變器之方塊圖。 Figure 2 shows a block diagram of a receiver unit and a demodulation transformer.
圖3展示GSM中之實例訊框及叢發格式。 Figure 3 shows an example frame and burst format in GSM.
圖4展示GSM系統中之實例頻譜。 Figure 4 shows an example spectrum in a GSM system.
圖5為蜂巢式通信系統之簡化表示;圖6展示為蜂巢式系統之部分之小區的配置;圖7展示用於分時多重存取(TDMA)通信系統之時槽之實例配置;圖8A展示用於在多重存取通信系統中操作以產生共用一單一頻 道之第一信號及第二信號之裝置;圖8B展示用於在多重存取通信系統中操作以產生共用一單一頻道之第一信號及第二信號且使用組合器以組合第一經調變之信號及第二調變之信號的裝置;附圖之圖9為揭示用於使用在附圖之圖8、圖10或圖11中之任一者中所展示的裝置之方法的流程圖;圖10A展示一實例實施例,其中由圖9所描述之方法將駐留於基地台控制器中;圖10B為揭示由圖10A之基地台控制器所執行之步驟的流程圖;圖11以說明基地台中之信號流之態樣展示基地台;圖12展示可駐留於蜂巢式通信系統之基地台控制器(BSC)內之記憶體子系統內之資料儲存的實例配置;圖13展示用於具有本方法及裝置之DARP特徵之遠端台之實例接收器架構;圖14展示經調適以將相同頻道指派至兩個遠端台之GSM系統之部分;圖15展示揭示當使用本方法及裝置之互補訓練序列時所執行之步驟的流程圖;圖16展示具有儲存於記憶體中之可執行揭示於此專利申請案中之方法之軟體的基地台;圖17含有當將舊有訓練序列與TSC之QCOM7集合之訓練序列配對時針對1%之FER的測試結果概要;圖18含有當將舊有TSC與QCOM8 TSC配對時針對1%之FER的測試結果概要;圖19為當將QCOM7 TSC0與舊有TSC0配對時之效能曲線圖;圖20為當將QCOM7 TSC1與舊有TSC1配對時之效能曲線圖; 圖21為當將QCOM7 TSC2與舊有TSC2配對時之效能曲線圖;圖22為當將QCOM7 TSC3與舊有TSC3配對時之效能曲線圖;圖23為當將QCOM7 TSC4與舊有TSC4配對時之效能曲線圖;圖24為當將QCOM7 TSC5與舊有TSC5配對時之效能曲線圖;圖25為當將QCOM7 TSC6與舊有TSC6配對時之效能曲線圖;圖26為當將QCOM7 TSC7與舊有TSC7配對時之效能曲線圖;圖27為當將QCOM8 TSC0與舊有TSC0配對時之效能曲線圖;圖28為當將QCOM8 TSC1與舊有TSC1配對時之效能曲線圖;圖29為當將QCOM8 TSC2與舊有TSC2配對時之效能曲線圖;圖30為當將QCOM8 TSC3與舊有TSC3配對時之效能曲線圖;圖31為當將QCOM8 TSC4與舊有TSC4配對時之效能曲線圖;圖32為當將QCOM8 TSC5與舊有TSC5配對時之效能曲線圖;圖33為當將QCOM8 TSC6與舊有TSC6配對時之效能曲線圖;及圖34為當將QCOM8 TSC7與舊有TSC7配對時之效能曲線圖;圖35為包含由基地台進行以識別遠端台中之MUROS能力之步驟的流程圖;及圖36為包含經進行以將訓練序列資訊用信號發送至遠端台之步驟的流程圖。 Figure 5 is a simplified representation of a cellular communication system; Figure 6 shows a configuration of a cell that is part of a cellular system; Figure 7 shows an example configuration of a time slot for a time division multiple access (TDMA) communication system; Figure 8A shows For operating in a multiple access communication system to generate a common single frequency Apparatus for first and second signals; FIG. 8B shows a first signal and a second signal for operating in a multiple access communication system to generate a single channel and using a combiner to combine the first modulated Apparatus for signal and second modulated signal; Figure 9 of the accompanying drawings is a flowchart showing a method for using the apparatus shown in any of Figures 8, 10 or 11 of the accompanying drawings; Figure 10A shows an example embodiment in which the method described by Figure 9 will reside in a base station controller; Figure 10B is a flow chart illustrating the steps performed by the base station controller of Figure 10A; Figure 11 illustrates the base An example of a signal flow in Taichung shows a base station; Figure 12 shows an example configuration of data storage in a memory subsystem that can reside in a base station controller (BSC) of a cellular communication system; An example receiver architecture for a remote station of a DARP feature of a method and apparatus; Figure 14 shows a portion of a GSM system adapted to assign the same channel to two remote stations; Figure 15 shows a complement to the use of the method and apparatus Executed during training sequence Flowchart of the steps; Figure 16 shows a base station with software stored in memory that can be used to disclose the method of this patent application; Figure 17 contains a training sequence that combines the old training sequence with the TCOM QCOM7 Summary of test results for 1% FER when pairing; Figure 18 contains a summary of test results for 1% FER when pairing old TSC with QCOM8 TSC; Figure 19 shows performance when pairing QCOM7 TSC0 with old TSC0 Graph; Figure 20 is a graph showing the performance when pairing QCOM7 TSC1 with the old TSC1; Figure 21 is a performance chart when QCOM7 TSC2 is paired with the old TSC2; Figure 22 is a performance chart when QCOM7 TSC3 is paired with the old TSC3; Figure 23 is when pairing QCOM7 TSC4 with the old TSC4 Performance chart; Figure 24 is the performance curve when QCOM7 TSC5 is paired with the old TSC5; Figure 25 is the performance curve when QCOM7 TSC6 is paired with the old TSC6; Figure 26 is when the QCOM7 TSC7 is used with the old The performance curve of TSC7 pairing; Figure 27 is the performance curve when QCOM8 TSC0 is paired with the old TSC0; Figure 28 is the performance curve when QCOM8 TSC1 is paired with the old TSC1; Figure 29 is when QCOM8 The performance curve of TSC2 when paired with the old TSC2; Figure 30 is the performance curve when pairing QCOM8 TSC3 with the old TSC3; Figure 31 is the performance curve when pairing QCOM8 TSC4 with the old TSC4; The performance curve for pairing QCOM8 TSC5 with the old TSC5; Figure 33 is the performance curve when pairing QCOM8 TSC6 with the old TSC6; and Figure 34 is the performance when pairing QCOM8 TSC7 with the old TSC7 Graph; Figure 35 is included to be performed by the base station to identify the MUR in the remote station A flowchart of the steps of the OS capabilities; and FIG. 36 is a flow diagram including the steps performed to signal the training sequence information to the remote station.
本發明之特徵、目標及優點將自以下結合附圖所陳述之詳細描述變得更顯而易見。 The features, objects, and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the description and appended claims.
以下結合隨附圖式陳述之詳細描述意欲作為對本發明之例示性實施例的描述,且並不意欲表示可實踐本發明之僅有實施例。貫穿此描述所使用之術語"例示性"意謂"用作一實例、實體或說明",且應不必將其解釋為較佳的或優於其它實施例的。詳細描述包括特定細節以達到提供對本發明之徹底理解的目的。然而,熟習此項技術者將顯 見,可在無此等特定細節的情況下實踐本發明。在一些情況下,以方塊圖形式展示熟知之結構及裝置以便避免使得本發明之概念模糊。 The detailed description of the present invention is intended to be illustrative of the exemplary embodiments of the invention The term "exemplary" is used throughout the description to mean "serving as an instance, entity or description" and it should not be construed as preferred or preferred. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will It is to be understood that the invention may be practiced without the specific details. In some instances, well known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concept of the invention.
歸因於其他使用者之干擾限制無線網路之效能。此干擾可以下面之形式出現:在上文中所論述之已知為CCI之來自相同頻率上之鄰近小區的干擾或亦在上文中所論述之已知為ACI的來自相同小區上的鄰近頻率的干擾。 The effectiveness of the wireless network is limited by interference from other users. This interference may occur in the form of interference from neighboring cells on the same frequency known as CCI discussed above or interference from adjacent frequencies on the same cell, also known as ACI, discussed above. .
單天線干擾消除(SAIC)用以減少同頻道干擾(CCI)。第三代合作夥伴計劃(3GPP)具有標準SAIC效能。SAIC為用於抵抗干擾之方法。3GPP採用下行鏈路先進接收器效能(DARP)以描述應用SAIC之接收器。 Single Antenna Interference Cancellation (SAIC) is used to reduce co-channel interference (CCI). The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has standard SAIC capabilities. SAIC is a method for resisting interference. 3GPP uses Downlink Advanced Receiver Performance (DARP) to describe the receiver that applies SAIC.
DARP藉由使用較低之重複使用因數而增加網路容量。此外,其同時抑制干擾。DARP在遠端台之接收器之基頻部分下操作。其抑制不同於一般雜訊之鄰近頻道及同頻道干擾。DARP在先前已界定之GSM標準中作為釋放獨立特徵(release-independent feature)係可用的,且為Rel-6及以後規格之組成部分。以下為對兩種DARP方法之描述。第一種為聯合偵測/解調變(JD)方法。除所要信號之外,JD在同步行動網路中之鄰近小區中使用GSM信號結構之知識以解調變若干干擾信號中之一者。JD之擷取干擾信號之能力允許對特定鄰近頻道干擾者之抑制。除了解調變GMSK信號之外,JD亦可用以解調變EDGE信號。盲干擾消除(BIC)為DARP中用以解調變GMSK信號之另一種方法。對於BIC,接收器不瞭解可在接收所要信號同時接收之任何干擾信號之結構。由於接收器對於任何鄰近頻道干擾者係有效地"盲的",因此該方法試圖將干擾組份作為一整體來抑制。GMSK信號藉由BIC方法自期望之載波解調變。當用於GMSK-解調變語音及資料服務時BIC最有效且可用於異步網路中。 DARP increases network capacity by using a lower reuse factor. In addition, it suppresses interference at the same time. The DARP operates at the baseband portion of the receiver of the remote station. Its suppression is different from the adjacent channel and co-channel interference of general noise. DARP is available as a release-independent feature in the previously defined GSM standard and is part of Rel-6 and later specifications. The following is a description of the two DARP methods. The first is the Joint Detection/Demodulation Transform (JD) method. In addition to the desired signal, JD uses knowledge of the GSM signal structure in neighboring cells in the synchronous mobile network to demodulate one of several interfering signals. The ability of JD to extract interfering signals allows for suppression of a particular adjacent channel interferer. In addition to demodulating the GMSK signal, JD can also be used to demodulate the EDGE signal. Blind Interference Cancellation (BIC) is another method used in DARP to demodulate GMSK signals. For BIC, the receiver does not understand the structure of any interfering signals that can be received while receiving the desired signal. Since the receiver is effectively "blind" for any adjacent channel interferers, the method attempts to suppress the interference component as a whole. The GMSK signal is demodulated from the desired carrier by the BIC method. The BIC is most efficient and can be used in asynchronous networks when used in GMSK-demodulation voice and data services.
本方法及裝置之具有DARP能力之遠端台等化器/偵測器426在等 化、偵測等之前亦執行CCI消除。圖2中之等化器/偵測器426提供經解調變之資料。CCI消除通常可用在BS上。又,遠端台可具有或可不具有DARP能力。網路可在針對GSM遠端台(例如,行動台)之資源指派階段(一呼叫之起始點)判定遠端台是否具有DARP能力。 The DARP capable remote station equalizer/detector 426 of the method and apparatus is waiting CCI elimination is also performed before the detection, detection, etc. The equalizer/detector 426 of Figure 2 provides demodulated data. CCI cancellation is usually available on the BS. Also, the remote station may or may not have DARP capabilities. The network can determine whether the remote station has DARP capability in the resource assignment phase (the starting point of a call) for a GSM remote station (e.g., a mobile station).
需要增加至可藉由基地台處理之遠端台之作用中連接之數目。 附圖之圖5展示蜂巢式通信系統100之簡化表示。系統包含基地台110、111及114與遠端台123、124、125、126及127。基地台控制器141至144在行動交換中心151、152之控制下作用以將信號投送至不同遠端台123-127及投送來自不同遠端台123-127之信號。行動交換中心151、152連接至公眾交換電話網路(PSTN)162。雖然遠端台123-127通常為掌上型行動裝置,但許多固定無線裝置及能夠處理資料之無線裝置亦屬於遠端台123-127之一般名稱範疇。 It is necessary to increase the number of connections in the role of the remote station that can be processed by the base station. Figure 5 of the accompanying drawings shows a simplified representation of a cellular communication system 100. The system includes base stations 110, 111, and 114 and remote stations 123, 124, 125, 126, and 127. The base station controllers 141 through 144 act under the control of the mobile switching centers 151, 152 to route signals to different remote stations 123-127 and to deliver signals from different remote stations 123-127. The mobile switching center 151, 152 is connected to the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) 162. While the remote stations 123-127 are typically palm-type mobile devices, many fixed wireless devices and wireless devices capable of processing data are also within the generic name of the remote stations 123-127.
在行動交換中心151、152之控制下,借助於基地台控制器141-144在遠端台123-127中之每一者與另一遠端台123-127之間傳送載運(例如)聲音資料的信號。或者,經由公眾交換電話網路162在遠端台123-127中之每一者與其他通信網路中之另一通信設備之間傳送載運(例如)聲音資料的信號。公眾交換電話網路162允許在行動蜂巢式系統100與其他通信系統之間投送呼叫。此等其他系統包括不同類型且符合不同標準之其他行動蜂巢式通信系統100。 Under the control of the mobile switching centers 151, 152, by means of the base station controllers 141-144, each of the remote stations 123-127 and the other remote station 123-127 are transported to carry, for example, sound data. signal of. Alternatively, a signal carrying, for example, voice material is transmitted between each of the remote stations 123-127 and another communication device in the other communication network via the public switched telephone network 162. The public switched telephone network 162 allows for the placing of calls between the mobile cellular system 100 and other communication systems. These other systems include other types of cellular communication systems 100 that are of different types and that meet different standards.
遠端台123-127中之每一者可藉由許多基地台110、111、114中之任一者服務。遠端台124接收由伺服基地台114所傳輸之信號及由附近非伺服基地台110、111所傳輸且意欲伺服其他遠端台125之信號兩者。 Each of the remote stations 123-127 can be served by any of a number of base stations 110, 111, 114. The remote station 124 receives both the signals transmitted by the servo base station 114 and the signals transmitted by the nearby non-servo base stations 110, 111 and intended to serve other remote stations 125.
來自基地台110、111、114之不同信號之強度藉由遠端台124週期性地量測且報告至BSC 144等等。若來自附近基地台110、111之信號變得比伺服基地台114之信號強,則行動交換中心152作用以使附近基地台110變成伺服基地台且作用以使伺服基地台114變成非伺服基地台 且將信號交遞至附近基地台110。交遞係指將資料對話或正在進行之呼叫自連接至核心網路之一頻道傳送至另一頻道的方法。 The strengths of the different signals from base stations 110, 111, 114 are periodically measured by remote station 124 and reported to BSC 144 and the like. If the signals from the nearby base stations 110, 111 become stronger than the signals of the servo base station 114, the mobile switching center 152 acts to change the nearby base station 110 into a servo base station and acts to make the servo base station 114 a non-servo base station. And the signal is handed over to the nearby base station 110. Handover refers to the method of transferring a data conversation or an ongoing call from one channel connected to the core network to another channel.
在蜂巢式行動通信系統中,無線電資源經劃分成許多頻道。向每一作用中連接(例如,聲音呼叫)分配一具有一特定頻道頻率之特定頻道用於下行鏈路信號(由基地台110、111、114傳輸至一遠端台123-127且由遠端台123-127接收)及一具有一特定頻道頻率之頻道用於上行鏈路信號(由遠端台123-127傳輸至基地台110、111、114且由基地台110、111、114接收)。用於下行鏈路信號及上行鏈路信號之頻率常常不同以允許同時傳輸及接收且減少遠端台123-127或基地台110、111、114處之所傳輸信號與所接收信號之間的干擾 In a cellular mobile communication system, radio resources are divided into a number of channels. Each active connection (e.g., voice call) is assigned a particular channel having a particular channel frequency for downlink signals (transmitted by base stations 110, 111, 114 to a remote station 123-127 and by the far end The stations 123-127 receive) and a channel having a particular channel frequency for the uplink signals (transmitted by the remote stations 123-127 to the base stations 110, 111, 114 and received by the base stations 110, 111, 114). The frequencies used for the downlink and uplink signals are often different to allow simultaneous transmission and reception and to reduce interference between the transmitted signals at the remote stations 123-127 or base stations 110, 111, 114 and the received signals.
一種用於蜂巢式系統向許多使用者提供存取的方法為頻率重複使用。附圖之圖6展示使用頻率重複使用之蜂巢式通信系統中之小區的配置。此特定實例具有4:12(其表示4個小區:12個頻率)之重複使用因數。彼重複使用因數意謂可用於基地台之12個頻率被分配至基地台之標記為圖6中所說明之A-D的四個站點(site)。將每一站點劃分成三個扇區(或小區)。以另一方式敍述,將一頻率分配至4個站點中之每一者的三個扇區中之每一者以使得12個扇區(對於4個站點,3個扇區/站點)中之所有者具有不同之頻率。頻率重複使用樣式在第四小區後自己重複。圖6說明系統之小區重複樣式210,藉此基地台110屬於小區A,基地台114屬於小區B,基地台111屬於小區C等等。基地台110具有分別與鄰近基地台111及114之鄰近服務區域230及240重疊之服務區域220。遠端台124、125在服務區域之間自由漫遊。如上文所論述,為了減少小區之間的信號干擾,向每一小區分配頻道頻率之一集合,其中每一頻率可支援一或多個頻道,使得向鄰近小區分配頻道頻率之不同集合。然而,非鄰近之兩個小區可使用頻率之相同集合。基地台110可使用(例如)包含頻率f1、f2及f3之頻率分配集合A用於與 在其服務區域220中之遠端台125通信。類似地,基地台114可使用(例如)包含頻率f4、f5及f6之頻率分配集合B用於與在其服務區域240中之遠端台124通信,等等。由粗體邊界250界定之區域含有一四站點重複樣式。重複樣式針對由通信系統100所服務之地理區域以一規則配置重複。可瞭解儘管本實例在4個站點後自己重複,但重複樣式可具有不同於四個之站點數目及不同於12個之頻率總數。 One method for the cellular system to provide access to many users is frequency reuse. Figure 6 of the accompanying drawings shows the configuration of a cell in a cellular communication system that uses frequency reuse. This particular example has a reuse factor of 4:12 (which represents 4 cells: 12 frequencies). The re-use factor means that the 12 frequencies that can be used for the base station are assigned to the four stations of the base station labeled A-D as illustrated in FIG. Each site is divided into three sectors (or cells). Stated another way, assigning a frequency to each of the three sectors of each of the four sites to make 12 sectors (for 4 sites, 3 sectors/sites) The owners in ) have different frequencies. The frequency reuse pattern repeats itself after the fourth cell. 6 illustrates a cell repetition pattern 210 of the system whereby base station 110 belongs to cell A, base station 114 belongs to cell B, base station 111 belongs to cell C, and the like. The base station 110 has service areas 220 that overlap with adjacent service areas 230 and 240 of adjacent base stations 111 and 114, respectively. The remote stations 124, 125 are free to roam between service areas. As discussed above, to reduce signal interference between cells, each cell is assigned a set of channel frequencies, where each frequency can support one or more channels such that different sets of channel frequencies are allocated to neighboring cells. However, two cells that are not adjacent may use the same set of frequencies. The base station 110 can use, for example, a frequency allocation set A containing frequencies f1, f2, and f3 for use with The remote station 125 in its service area 220 communicates. Similarly, base station 114 can use, for example, a frequency allocation set B containing frequencies f4, f5, and f6 for communicating with remote stations 124 in its service area 240, and so on. The area defined by the bold border 250 contains a four-site repeating pattern. The repeating pattern is repeated in a regular configuration for the geographic area served by the communication system 100. It can be understood that although this example repeats itself after 4 sites, the repeating pattern may have a different number of sites than four and a total number of frequencies different from twelve.
如上文中關於GSM所述,使用TDMA劃分每一載波頻率。TDMA為針對提供增加之容量的多重存取技術。藉由使用TDMA,將每一載波頻率分段成稱作訊框之多個間隔。將每一訊框進一步分為多個可指派之使用者時槽。在GSM中,將訊框分為八個時槽。因此,八個連續時槽形成一具有4.615ms之持續時間的TDMA訊框。 As described above with respect to GSM, each carrier frequency is divided using TDMA. TDMA is a multiple access technology for providing increased capacity. Each carrier frequency is segmented into multiple intervals called frames by using TDMA. Each frame is further divided into a plurality of assignable user time slots. In GSM, the frame is divided into eight time slots. Thus, eight consecutive time slots form a TDMA frame with a duration of 4.615 ms.
實體頻道佔據特定頻率上之每一訊框內之一時槽。將特定載波頻率之TDMA訊框編號,每一使用者被指派每一訊框內之一或多個時槽。此外,訊框結構重複,使得固定之TDMA指派指定在每一時間訊框期間週期性地出現之一或多個槽。因此,每一基地台可使用單一頻道頻率內之不同的經指派時槽而與複數個遠端台123-127通信。如上所述,時槽週期性地重複。舉例而言,第一使用者可在頻率f1之每一訊框之第一槽上傳輸,而第二使用者可在頻率f2之每一訊框之第二槽上傳輸。在每一下行鏈路時槽期間,准許遠端台123-127存取以接收由基地台110、111、114所傳輸之信號,且在每一上行鏈路時槽期間,准許基地台110、111、114存取以接收由遠端台123-127所傳輸之信號。對於GSM系統,用於至行動台123-127之通信的頻道因此包含一頻率及一時槽兩者。同樣地,用於至基地台110、111、114之通信的頻道包含一頻率及一時槽兩者。 A physical channel occupies one of the time slots in each frame on a particular frequency. The TDMA frame number of a particular carrier frequency is assigned, and each user is assigned one or more time slots in each frame. In addition, the frame structure is repeated such that a fixed TDMA assignment specifies that one or more slots occur periodically during each time frame. Thus, each base station can communicate with a plurality of remote stations 123-127 using different assigned time slots within a single channel frequency. As described above, the time slots are periodically repeated. For example, the first user can transmit on the first slot of each frame of frequency f1, and the second user can transmit on the second slot of each frame of frequency f2. During each downlink time slot, the remote stations 123-127 are permitted to access to receive signals transmitted by the base stations 110, 111, 114, and during each uplink time slot, the base station 110 is permitted, 111, 114 accesses to receive signals transmitted by remote stations 123-127. For the GSM system, the channels used for communication to the mobile stations 123-127 therefore contain both a frequency and a time slot. Similarly, the channels used for communication to the base stations 110, 111, 114 include both a frequency and a time slot.
圖7展示分時多重存取(TDMA)通信系統之時槽之實例配置。基地台114在經編號之時槽之序列30中傳輸資料信號,每一信號僅用於 遠端台123-127之一集合中之一者且每一信號在所傳輸信號之範圍內之所有遠端台123-127之天線處接收。基地台114使用一已分配之頻道頻率上之槽傳輸所有信號。舉例而言,可向一第一遠端台124分配一第一時槽3且可向一第二遠端台126分配一第二時槽5。在此實例中,基地台114在時槽序列30之時槽3期間傳輸用於第一遠端台124之信號,且在時槽序列30之時槽5期間傳輸用於第二遠端台126之信號。第一遠端台124及第二遠端台126在時槽序列30之其各別時槽3及5期間為處於作用中的,以接收來自基地台114之信號。遠端台124、126在上行鏈路上於時槽序列31之相應時槽3及5期間將信號傳輸至基地台114。可看出,用於基地台114傳輸(及遠端台124、126接收)之時槽30相對於用於遠端台124、126傳輸(及基地台114接收)之時槽31在時間上偏移。 Figure 7 shows an example configuration of a time slot for a time division multiple access (TDMA) communication system. The base station 114 transmits data signals in a sequence 30 of numbered time slots, each signal being used only for One of the sets of remote stations 123-127 and each signal is received at the antennas of all of the remote stations 123-127 within the range of the transmitted signal. Base station 114 transmits all signals using slots on an assigned channel frequency. For example, a first time slot 3 can be assigned to a first remote station 124 and a second time slot 5 can be assigned to a second remote station 126. In this example, base station 114 transmits signals for first remote station 124 during slot 3 of time slot sequence 30 and is transmitted for second remote station 126 during slot 5 of time slot sequence 30. Signal. The first remote station 124 and the second remote station 126 are active during their respective time slots 3 and 5 of the time slot sequence 30 to receive signals from the base station 114. The remote stations 124, 126 transmit signals to the base station 114 during the respective time slots 3 and 5 of the time slot sequence 31 on the uplink. It can be seen that the time slot 30 for the base station 114 transmission (and the remote station 124, 126 reception) is time-shifted relative to the time slot 31 for the remote station 124, 126 transmission (and base station 114 reception). shift.
傳輸及接收時槽之此時間上的偏移已知為分時雙工(TDD),其允許傳輸及接收操作在不同時間點發生。 This time offset of the slot during transmission and reception is known as Time Division Duplex (TDD), which allows transmission and reception operations to occur at different points in time.
聲音資料信號並非待在基地台110、111、114與遠端台123-127之間傳輸之僅有信號。控制頻道用以傳輸控制基地台110、111、114與遠端台123-127之間的通信之各種態樣的資料。基地台110、111、114使用控制頻道將一序列碼或訓練序列碼(TSC)發送至遠端台123-127,該序列碼指示基地台110、111、114將使用序列集合中之哪一者將信號傳輸至遠端台123-127。在GSM中,26-位元訓練序列用於等化。此為在每一時槽叢發中間之一信號中傳輸之已知序列。 The sound data signal is not the only signal to be transmitted between the base stations 110, 111, 114 and the remote stations 123-127. The control channel is used to transmit information that controls various aspects of communication between the base stations 110, 111, 114 and the remote stations 123-127. The base stations 110, 111, 114 transmit a sequence code or training sequence code (TSC) to the remote stations 123-127 using the control channel, which indicates which of the sequence sets the base stations 110, 111, 114 will use. Signals are transmitted to the remote stations 123-127. In GSM, a 26-bit training sequence is used for equalization. This is a known sequence transmitted in one of the signals in the middle of each time slot.
遠端台123-127使用該等序列以:補償隨時間快速變化之頻道降級;減少來自其他扇區或小區之干擾;且將遠端台之接收器同步至所接收信號。此等功能藉由為遠端台123-127之接收器之部分的等化器執行。等化器426判定已知之所傳輸訓練序列信號藉由多路徑衰退修改之方式。等化可藉由建構一反向濾波器以擷取所要信號之剩餘部分 而使用此資訊以自不期望之反射擷取所要信號。不同序列(及相關聯之序列碼)藉由不同基地台110、111、114傳輸以便減少由彼此靠近之基地台110、111、114傳輸之序列之間的干擾。 The remote stations 123-127 use the sequences to: compensate for channel degradation that changes rapidly over time; reduce interference from other sectors or cells; and synchronize the receiver of the remote station to the received signal. These functions are performed by an equalizer for a portion of the receiver of the remote station 123-127. The equalizer 426 determines the manner in which the known transmitted training sequence signal is modified by multipath fading. Equalization can be performed by constructing an inverse filter to extract the remainder of the desired signal Use this information to extract the desired signal from undesired reflections. Different sequences (and associated sequence codes) are transmitted by different base stations 110, 111, 114 to reduce interference between sequences transmitted by base stations 110, 111, 114 that are close to each other.
如上所述,藉由DARP,本方法及裝置之遠端台123-127能夠使用序列區別藉由伺服遠端台123-127之基地台110、111、114傳輸至其的信號與由其他小區之非伺服基地台110、111、114所傳輸的其他不期望之信號。只要不期望之信號之接收振幅或功率位準相對於期望之信號低於一臨限值,此情況適用。若不期望之信號具有大於此臨限值之振幅,則該等信號可引起對期望之信號的干擾。此外,臨限值可根據遠端台123-127之接收器之能力而變化。若(例如)來自伺服及非伺服基地台110、111、114之信號共用相同時槽用於傳輸,則干擾信號及所要(或期望)信號可同時到達遠端台123-127之接收器。 As described above, with DARP, the remote stations 123-127 of the present method and apparatus can use sequences to distinguish between signals transmitted thereto by the base stations 110, 111, 114 of the servo remote stations 123-127 and by other cells. Other undesired signals transmitted by non-servo base stations 110, 111, 114. This applies as long as the received amplitude or power level of the undesired signal is below a threshold relative to the desired signal. If the undesired signal has an amplitude greater than this threshold, the signals may cause interference with the desired signal. In addition, the threshold may vary depending on the capabilities of the receivers of the remote stations 123-127. If, for example, the signals from the servo and non-servo base stations 110, 111, 114 share the same time slot for transmission, the interfering signal and the desired (or desired) signal can arrive at the receiver of the remote station 123-127 at the same time.
再次參看圖5,在遠端台124處,自基地台110之針對遠端台125的傳輸可干擾自基地台114之針對遠端台124的傳輸(由虛線箭頭170所展示之干擾信號的路徑)。類似地,在遠端台125處,自基地台114之針對遠端台124的傳輸可干擾自基地台110之針對遠端台125的傳輸(由點線箭頭182所展示之干擾信號的路徑)。 Referring again to FIG. 5, at remote station 124, transmissions from base station 110 to remote station 125 may interfere with transmissions from base station 114 to remote station 124 (paths of interference signals as indicated by dashed arrow 170). ). Similarly, at remote station 125, transmissions from base station 114 to remote station 124 may interfere with transmissions from base station 110 to remote station 125 (paths of interference signals as indicated by dotted arrow 182). .
表1展示由圖6中所說明之兩個基地台110及114所傳輸之信號之參數的實例值。表1之列3及4中之資訊展示,對於遠端台124而言,接收來自第一基地台114之期望之信號及來自第二基地台110且意欲用於遠端台125之不期望之干擾信號兩者,且兩個所接收之信號具有相同頻道及類似功率位準(分別為-82dBm及-81dBm)。類似地,列6及7中之資訊展示,對於遠端台125而言,接收來自第二基地台110之期望之信號及來自第一基地台114且意欲用於遠端台124之不期望之干擾者信號兩者,且兩個所接收之信號具有相同頻道及類似功率位準(分別為-80dBm及-79dBm)。 Table 1 shows example values of the parameters of the signals transmitted by the two base stations 110 and 114 illustrated in FIG. The information in columns 3 and 4 of Table 1 shows that for the remote station 124, the desired signal from the first base station 114 and the undesired destination from the second base station 110 and intended for the remote station 125 are received. Both of the interference signals, and the two received signals have the same channel and similar power levels (-82 dBm and -81 dBm, respectively). Similarly, the information in columns 6 and 7 shows that for the remote station 125, the desired signal from the second base station 110 and the undesired destination from the first base station 114 and intended for the remote station 124 are received. Both of the interferer signals, and the two received signals have the same channel and similar power levels (-80 dBm and -79 dBm, respectively).
因此,每一遠端台124、125在相同頻道上(亦即,同時)接收來自不同基地台114、110之具有類似功率位準的一期望之信號及一不期望之干擾信號兩者。因為兩個信號在相同頻道上到達且具有類似功率位準,所以兩者彼此干擾。此可引起期望之信號之解調變及解碼中的誤差。此干擾為上文所論述之同頻道干擾。 Thus, each remote station 124, 125 receives both a desired signal having a similar power level and an undesired interference signal from different base stations 114, 110 on the same channel (i.e., simultaneously). Because the two signals arrive on the same channel and have similar power levels, the two interfere with each other. This can cause demodulation of the desired signal and errors in decoding. This interference is the co-channel interference discussed above.
藉由使用DARP致能之遠端台123-127、基地台110、111、114及基地台控制器151、152,相比先前可能的情況,可在較大程度上減弱同頻道干擾。當基地台110、111、114可能能夠同時接收及解調變具有類似功率位準之兩個同頻道信號時,DARP允許遠端台123-127具有(借助於DARP)類似能力。此DARP能力可借助於已知為單天線干擾消除(SAIC)之方法或借助於已知為雙天線干擾消除(DAIC)之方法實施。 By using the DARP enabled remote stations 123-127, base stations 110, 111, 114 and base station controllers 151, 152, co-channel interference can be attenuated to a greater extent than previously possible. When base stations 110, 111, 114 may be able to simultaneously receive and demodulate two co-channel signals having similar power levels, DARP allows remote stations 123-127 to have (by virtue of DARP) similar capabilities. This DARP capability can be implemented by means of a method known as Single Antenna Interference Cancellation (SAIC) or by means known as Dual Antenna Interference Cancellation (DAIC).
即使當所接收之不期望之同頻道信號的振幅類似於或高於期望之信號的振幅時,具有DARP能力之遠端台123-127的接收器仍可在解調變期望之信號同時拒絕不期望之同頻道信號。當所接收之同頻道信號之振幅類似時,DARP特徵更好地運作。當兩個遠端台123-127中之每一者(每一者與不同基地台110、111、114通信)靠近小區邊界時,其中自每一基地台110、111、114至每一遠端台123-127之路徑損耗類 似,上述情形將通常發生於尚未使用本方法及裝置之現有系統(諸如,GSM)中。 Even when the amplitude of the undesired co-channel signal received is similar to or higher than the amplitude of the desired signal, the receiver of the DARP-capable remote station 123-127 can reject the desired signal while rejecting Expected co-channel signal. The DARP feature works better when the amplitudes of the received co-channel signals are similar. When each of the two remote stations 123-127 (each communicating with a different base station 110, 111, 114) is close to the cell boundary, from each base station 110, 111, 114 to each remote end Path loss class of station 123-127 As such, the above scenario will typically occur in existing systems (such as GSM) that have not yet used the method and apparatus.
相比之下,若不期望之同頻道干擾者信號具有比期望之信號的振幅低的振幅或功率位準,則不具有DARP能力之遠端台123-127僅可解調變期望之信號。在一實例中,振幅或功率位準可低至少8dB。因此,相比不具有DARP能力之遠端台123-127,具有DARP能力之遠端台123-127可耐受相對於期望之信號高得多振幅的同頻道信號。 In contrast, if the undesired co-channel interferer signal has an amplitude or power level that is lower than the amplitude of the desired signal, the far-end stations 123-127 that do not have the DARP capability can only demodulate the desired signal. In an example, the amplitude or power level can be at least 8 dB lower. Thus, the DARP capable remote stations 123-127 can tolerate co-channel signals of much higher amplitude relative to the desired signal than the DARP-capable remote stations 123-127.
同頻道干擾(CCI)比率為以dB表示之期望之信號的功率位準或振幅與不期望之信號的功率位準或振幅之間的比率。在一實例中,同頻道干擾比率可為(例如)-6dB(藉此期望之信號的功率位準比同頻道干擾(或不期望之)信號的功率位準低6dB)。在另一實例中,比率可為+6dB(藉此期望之信號的功率位準比同頻道干擾(或不期望之)信號的功率位準高6dB)。對於本方法及裝置之具有良好DARP效能之彼等遠端台123-127,干擾信號之振幅可比期望之信號的振幅高多達10dB,且遠端台123-127仍可處理期望之信號。若干擾信號之振幅比期望之信號的振幅高10dB,則同頻道干擾比率為-10dB。 The Co-Channel Interference (CCI) ratio is the ratio between the power level or amplitude of the desired signal, expressed in dB, and the power level or amplitude of the undesired signal. In an example, the co-channel interference ratio can be, for example, -6 dB (by which the power level of the desired signal is 6 dB lower than the power level of the co-channel interference (or undesired) signal). In another example, the ratio can be +6 dB (by which the power level of the desired signal is 6 dB higher than the power level of the co-channel interference (or undesired) signal). For the remote stations 123-127 of the method and apparatus having good DARP performance, the amplitude of the interfering signal can be as much as 10 dB higher than the amplitude of the desired signal, and the remote stations 123-127 can still process the desired signal. If the amplitude of the interfering signal is 10 dB higher than the amplitude of the desired signal, the co-channel interference ratio is -10 dB.
如上文所描述之DARP能力在存在ACI或CCI的情況下改良遠端台123-127之信號接收。具有DARP能力之新使用者將更好地拒絕來自現有使用者之干擾。亦具有DARP能力之現有使用者將進行相同操作且不會受到新使用者的影響。在一實例中,DARP對在0dB(同頻道干擾與信號位準相同)至-6dB(同頻道信號比所要或期望之信號強6dB)範圍中的CCI良好地運作。因此,使用相同ARFCN及相同時槽但被指派不同TSC之兩個使用者將獲得良好服務。 The DARP capability as described above improves the signal reception of the remote stations 123-127 in the presence of ACI or CCI. New users with DARP capabilities will better reject interference from existing users. Existing users who also have DARP capabilities will perform the same operations and will not be affected by new users. In one example, the DARP works well for CCI in the range of 0 dB (co-channel interference is the same as signal level) to -6 dB (the co-channel signal is 6 dB stronger than the desired or desired signal). Therefore, two users who use the same ARFCN and the same time slot but are assigned different TSCs will get good service.
若兩個遠端台124及125之DARP特徵皆經致能,則DARP特徵允許兩個遠端台124及125各自自兩個基地台110及114接收期望之信號,期望之信號具有類似功率位準,且允許每一遠端台124、125解調變其 期望之信號。因此,DARP致能之遠端台124、125皆能夠將相同頻道同時用於資料或聲音。 If the DARP features of both remote stations 124 and 125 are enabled, the DARP feature allows the two remote stations 124 and 125 to receive the desired signals from the two base stations 110 and 114, respectively, with the desired signal having similar power levels. Quasi, and allow each remote station 124, 125 to demodulate The signal of expectation. Thus, the DARP enabled remote stations 124, 125 are capable of simultaneously using the same channel for data or sound.
上文所描述之使用單一頻道以支援自兩個基地台110、111、114至兩個遠端台123-127之兩個同時呼叫在先前技術中在其應用上稍受限制。為了使用該特徵,兩個遠端台124、125在兩個基地台114、110之範圍內且各自接收處於類似功率位準之兩個信號。對於此情況,兩個遠端台124、125通常將靠近小區邊界,如上文所提及。 The use of a single channel as described above to support two simultaneous calls from two base stations 110, 111, 114 to two remote stations 123-127 is somewhat limited in its prior art in its application. To use this feature, the two remote stations 124, 125 are within the range of the two base stations 114, 110 and each receive two signals at similar power levels. For this case, the two remote stations 124, 125 will typically be close to the cell boundary, as mentioned above.
本方法及裝置允許支援相同頻道(由一載波頻率上之一時槽構成)上之兩個或兩個以上同時呼叫,每一呼叫包含借助於由基地台110、111、114所傳輸之信號及由遠端台123-127所傳輸之信號在一單一基地台110、111、114與複數個遠端台123-127中之一者之間的通信。本方法及裝置提供DARP之新的且發明性的應用。如上所述,藉由DARP,在比DARP之前之干擾位準高的干擾位準情況下,相同載波頻率上之相同時槽上之兩個信號可藉由使用不同訓練序列來區別。由於來自未使用之BS 110、111、114之信號充當干擾,因此DARP藉由使用訓練序列濾波/抑制不期望之信號(來自未使用之BS 110、111、114之信號)。 The method and apparatus allow for two or more simultaneous calls on the same channel (consisting of a time slot on a carrier frequency), each call including signals transmitted by the base stations 110, 111, 114 and by The signals transmitted by the remote stations 123-127 communicate between one of the single base stations 110, 111, 114 and one of the plurality of remote stations 123-127. The method and apparatus provide a new and inventive application of DARP. As described above, with DARP, two signals on the same time slot on the same carrier frequency can be distinguished by using different training sequences in the case of interference levels higher than the interference level before the DARP. Since the signals from the unused BSs 110, 111, 114 act as interference, the DARP filters/suppresses undesired signals (signals from unused BSs 110, 111, 114) by using training sequences.
本方法及裝置允許在相同小區中使用兩個或兩個以上訓練序列。在先前技術中,訓練序列中之一者(未指派至基地台110、111、114之一者)將僅充當干擾,如其針對至少一行動台123-127之接收器在一槽上多使用者(MUROS)之情況下亦如此操作。然而,關鍵差別在於針對彼行動台之不期望之信號為相同小區中之另一行動台123-127所期望的。在舊有系統中,不期望之信號用於另一小區中之一行動台123-127。根據本方法及裝置,兩個訓練序列信號可藉由相同基地台110、111、114用於相同小區中之相同載波頻率上的相同時槽中。由於兩個訓練序列可用於一小區中,因此兩倍多之通信頻道可用 於該小區中。藉由採用通常將為來自另一(非鄰近)小區或扇區之干擾的一訓練序列及允許一基地台110、111、114除其已使用的訓練序列之外使用該訓練序列,通信頻道之數目加倍。 The method and apparatus allow for the use of two or more training sequences in the same cell. In the prior art, one of the training sequences (which is not assigned to one of the base stations 110, 111, 114) will only act as interference, as it is for a receiver of at least one mobile station 123-127, a multi-user on one slot This is also the case in the case of (MUROS). However, the key difference is that the undesired signal for the mobile station is expected for another mobile station 123-127 in the same cell. In legacy systems, undesired signals are used for one of the mobile stations 123-127 in another cell. According to the method and apparatus, the two training sequence signals can be used by the same base station 110, 111, 114 in the same time slot on the same carrier frequency in the same cell. Since two training sequences are available in one cell, more than twice the communication channel is available In the cell. The training channel is used by employing a training sequence that would normally be interference from another (non-contiguous) cell or sector and allowing a base station 110, 111, 114 to use the training sequence in addition to its used training sequence. The number is doubled.
當DARP與本方法及裝置一同使用時,DARP因此使GSM網路能夠使用已在使用中之一同頻道(亦即,已在使用中之ARFCN)以伺服額外使用者。在一實例中,每一ARFCN對於全速率(FR)語音可用於兩個使用者且對於半速率(HR)語音可用於4個使用者。若MS具有極佳之DARP效能,則亦有可能伺服第三或甚至第四使用者。為了使用相同時槽上之相同ARFCN伺服額外使用者,網路使用不同之相移在相同載波上傳輸額外使用者的RF信號,且使用不同TSC將相同訊務頻道(使用中之相同ARFCN及時槽)指派至額外使用者。相應地藉由對應於TSC之訓練序列調變叢發。一具有DARP能力之MS可偵測期望或所要之信號。有可能以與添加第一及第二使用者之相同方式添加第三及第四使用者。 When DARP is used with the method and apparatus, the DARP thus enables the GSM network to use one of the co-channels already in use (i.e., ARFCN already in use) to serve additional users. In one example, each ARFCN is available to two users for full rate (FR) speech and for four users for half rate (HR) speech. If the MS has excellent DARP performance, it is also possible to servo the third or even the fourth user. In order to use the same ARFCN servo extra user on the same time slot, the network uses different phase shifts to transmit additional user RF signals on the same carrier, and uses the same TSC to use the same traffic channel (the same ARFCN in time slot in use) ) Assign to additional users. Correspondingly, the bursts are modulated by a training sequence corresponding to the TSC. A DARP capable MS can detect the desired or desired signal. It is possible to add the third and fourth users in the same manner as the first and second users are added.
附圖之圖8A展示用於在多重存取通信系統中操作以產生共用一單一頻道之第一信號及第二信號之裝置。一第一資料源401及一第二資料源402(用於一第一遠端台及一第二遠端台123-127)產生第一資料424及第二資料425以用於傳輸。序列產生器403產生第一序列404及第二序列405。第一組合器406組合第一序列404與第一資料424,以產生第一組合資料408。第二組合器407組合第二序列405與第二資料425,以產生第二組合資料409。 Figure 8A of the accompanying drawings shows an apparatus for operating in a multiple access communication system to generate a first signal and a second signal that share a single channel. A first data source 401 and a second data source 402 (for a first remote station and a second remote station 123-127) generate first data 424 and second data 425 for transmission. Sequence generator 403 generates a first sequence 404 and a second sequence 405. The first combiner 406 combines the first sequence 404 with the first material 424 to generate a first combined material 408. The second combiner 407 combines the second sequence 405 with the second material 425 to generate a second combined material 409.
第一組合資料408及第二組合資料409經輸入至傳輸器調變器410,傳輸器調變器410用於使用第一載波頻率411及第一時槽412調變第一組合資料408及第二組合資料409兩者。在此實例中,載波頻率可藉由振盪器421產生。傳輸器調變器將第一經調變之信號413及第二經調變之信號414輸出至RF前端415。RF前端藉由將第一經調變之信號 413及第二經調變之信號414自基頻升頻轉換至RF(射頻)頻率而處理該等信號。將經升頻轉換之信號發送至天線416及417,在天線416及417處分別傳輸該等信號。 The first combined data 408 and the second combined data 409 are input to the transmitter modulator 410, and the transmitter modulator 410 is configured to use the first carrier frequency 411 and the first time slot 412 to modulate the first combined data 408 and the first Two combined data 409 both. In this example, the carrier frequency can be generated by the oscillator 421. The transmitter modulator outputs the first modulated signal 413 and the second modulated signal 414 to the RF front end 415. RF front end by using the first modulated signal The 413 and second modulated signals 414 are upconverted from the base frequency to an RF (radio frequency) frequency to process the signals. The upconverted signals are sent to antennas 416 and 417, which are transmitted at antennas 416 and 417, respectively.
可在經傳輸之前在組合器中組合第一經調變之信號及第二經調變之信號。組合器422可為傳輸器調變器410或RF前端415之一部分或獨立裝置。單一天線416提供用於藉由輻射來傳輸組合之第一及第二信號的手段。此在圖8B中加以說明。 The first modulated signal and the second modulated signal may be combined in a combiner prior to transmission. Combiner 422 can be part of or a separate device of transmitter modulator 410 or RF front end 415. A single antenna 416 provides a means for transmitting the combined first and second signals by radiation. This is illustrated in Figure 8B.
附圖之圖9展示一種用於使用展示於圖8A及圖8B中之用於在多重存取通信系統中操作以產生共用單一頻道的第一及第二信號之裝置之方法。該方法包括為基地台110、111、114分配特定頻道頻率及特定時槽用於傳輸至複數個遠端台123-127,藉此為每一遠端台123-127指派不同之訓練序列。因此,在一實例中,可在基地台控制器151、152中執行此方法。在另一實例中,可在一基地台110、111、114中執行此方法。 Figure 9 of the accompanying drawings illustrates a method for using the apparatus shown in Figures 8A and 8B for operating in a multiple access communication system to generate first and second signals sharing a single channel. The method includes assigning a particular channel frequency to a base station 110, 111, 114 and a particular time slot for transmission to a plurality of remote stations 123-127, whereby each remote station 123-127 is assigned a different training sequence. Thus, in an example, this method can be performed in base station controllers 151, 152. In another example, the method can be performed in a base station 110, 111, 114.
在方法之開始501之後,在步驟502中作出關於是否在基地台110、111、114與遠端台123-127之間建置新連接之決策。若回答為否,則方法退回至開始步驟501且重複上文之步驟。當回答為是時,建置新連接。接著在步驟503中作出關於是否存在一未使用頻道(亦即,任一頻道頻率之未使用時槽)的決策。若已使用或未使用頻道頻率上存在未使用時槽,則在步驟504中分配新時槽。方法接著退回至開始步驟501且重複上文之步驟。 After the start of the method 501, a decision is made in step 502 as to whether a new connection is established between the base stations 110, 111, 114 and the remote stations 123-127. If the answer is no, the method returns to the beginning step 501 and the above steps are repeated. When the answer is yes, create a new connection. A decision is then made in step 503 as to whether there is an unused channel (i.e., an unused time slot of any channel frequency). If there is an unused time slot on the used or unused channel frequency, a new time slot is allocated in step 504. The method then returns to start step 501 and the above steps are repeated.
當最終不再存在未使用時槽時(因為所有時槽均用於連接),對步驟503之問題的回答為否,且方法前進至步驟505。在步驟505中,根據第一準則之一集合,為新連接選擇一已使用時槽以與現有連接共用。可存在多種準則。舉例而言,一準則可為:若一時槽具有低訊務,則可選擇該時槽。另一準則可為:僅由一遠端台123-127已使用 該時槽。可瞭解將存在基於所使用之網路規劃方法之其他可能準則,且準則不限於彼等兩個實例。 When there is no longer an unused slot (because all time slots are used for the connection), the answer to the question at step 503 is no, and the method proceeds to step 505. In step 505, a used time slot is selected for the new connection to be shared with the existing connection according to one of the first criteria. There can be multiple criteria. For example, a criterion may be: if the slot has low traffic, the slot can be selected. Another criterion can be: only used by a remote station 123-127 The time slot. It can be appreciated that there will be other possible criteria based on the network planning method used, and the criteria are not limited to their two examples.
在已為該新連接選擇了頻道頻率上之已使用時槽以與現有連接一起共用的情況下,接著根據第二準則之一集合在步驟506中選擇一用於新連接之TSC。此等第二準則可包括用於步驟505中之時槽之選擇的準則中的一些者或其他準則。一準則為:TSC尚未由小區或扇區用於包含已使用時槽之頻道。另一準則可為:TSC未由附近小區或扇區用在彼頻道上。方法接著退回至開始步驟501且重複上文中之步驟。 In the case where the used time slot on the channel frequency has been selected for the new connection to be shared with the existing connection, then a TSC for the new connection is selected in step 506 according to one of the second criteria. These second criteria may include some of the criteria or other criteria for the selection of the time slot in step 505. One criterion is that the TSC has not been used by the cell or sector for the channel containing the used time slot. Another criterion may be that the TSC is not used by a nearby cell or sector on the channel. The method then returns to the beginning step 501 and repeats the steps above.
附圖之圖10A展示由圖9所描述之方法將駐留於基地台控制器600中之實例。控制器處理器660及記憶體子系統650駐留於基地台控制器600內。方法之步驟可儲存於記憶體子系統650中之記憶體685中的軟體680中,或駐留於控制器處理器660中之記憶體685中的軟體680內,或基地台控制器600中之記憶體685中的軟體690內,或某一其他數位信號處理器(DSP)內或其他形式之硬體中。如由圖10A所展示,基地台控制器600連接至行動交換中心610且亦連接至基地台620、630及640。 Figure 10A of the accompanying drawings shows an example of the method described by Figure 9 that will reside in the base station controller 600. Controller processor 660 and memory subsystem 650 reside within base station controller 600. The steps of the method may be stored in software 680 in memory 685 in memory subsystem 650, or in software 680 resident in memory 685 in controller processor 660, or in memory in base station controller 600. Within the software 690 in the body 685, or within some other digital signal processor (DSP) or other form of hardware. As shown by FIG. 10A, base station controller 600 is coupled to mobile switching center 610 and is also coupled to base stations 620, 630, and 640.
展示於記憶體子系統650內的為三個資料表651、652、653之部分。每一資料表儲存用於藉由標記為MS之行所指示之遠端台123、124的一集合的一參數的值。表651儲存訓練序列碼之值。表652儲存時槽號碼TS之值。表653儲存頻道頻率CHF之值。可瞭解,可替代地將該等資料表配置為一多維之單一表或具有與圖10A中所示之彼等維度不同維度的若干表。 Shown within the memory subsystem 650 are portions of three data sheets 651, 652, 653. Each data table stores values for a parameter of a set of remote stations 123, 124 indicated by the line labeled MS. Table 651 stores the value of the training sequence code. Table 652 stores the value of the slot number TS. Table 653 stores the value of the channel frequency CHF. It will be appreciated that the data tables may alternatively be configured as a single multi-dimensional table or as several tables having dimensions different from those of the dimensions shown in Figure 10A.
控制器處理器660經由資料匯流排670與記憶體子系統650通信以便發送參數值至記憶體子系統650且自該系統接收參數值。在控制器處理器660內含有複數個功能,包括用以產生存取授權命令之功能 661、用以將存取授權命令發送至一基地台620、630、640之功能662、用以產生訊務指派訊息之功能663及用以將訊務指派訊息發送至一基地台620、630、640之功能664。可使用儲存於記憶體685中軟體680來執行此等功能。 Controller processor 660 communicates with memory subsystem 650 via data bus 670 to transmit parameter values to and receive parameter values from memory subsystem 650. The controller processor 660 includes a plurality of functions including functions for generating access authorization commands. 661, a function 662 for transmitting an access authorization command to a base station 620, 630, 640, a function 663 for generating a service assignment message, and a message assignment message to a base station 620, 630, 640 features 664. These functions can be performed using software 680 stored in memory 685.
在控制器處理器660內或在基地台控制器600中其他處,亦可存在用以控制由基地台620、630、640所傳輸之信號之功率位準的功率控制功能665。 Within the controller processor 660 or elsewhere in the base station controller 600, there may also be a power control function 665 for controlling the power level of the signals transmitted by the base stations 620, 630, 640.
可瞭解,展示為在基地台控制器600(即,記憶體子系統650及控制器處理器660內)內之功能亦可駐留於行動交換中心610中。同樣地,描述為基地台控制器600之部分之功能中之一些者或所有者可同樣適當地駐留於基地台620、630、640中之一者或多者中。 It can be appreciated that the functionality shown to be within base station controller 600 (ie, within memory subsystem 650 and controller processor 660) can also reside in mobile switching center 610. Likewise, some or all of the functionality described as part of the base station controller 600 may reside equally well in one or more of the base stations 620, 630, 640.
圖10B為揭示由基地台控制器600所執行之步驟的流程圖。當將一頻道分配至一遠端台123、124(例如,遠端台MS 23)時,(例如)當遠端台123請求服務時,希望服務遠端台123、124之基地台620、630、640將針對頻道指派之請求訊息發送至基地台控制器600。控制器處理器660在經由資料匯流排670在步驟602接收請求訊息後判定是否需要新連接。若回答為否,則方法退回至開始步驟601且重複上文之步驟。當回答為是時,起始新連接建置。接著,在步驟603中作出關於是否存在一未使用頻道(亦即,任一頻道頻率之未使用時槽)的決策。若已使用或未使用頻道頻率上存在未使用時槽,則在步驟604中分配新時槽。方法接著退回至開始步驟601且重複上文之步驟。 FIG. 10B is a flow chart showing the steps performed by base station controller 600. When a channel is assigned to a remote station 123, 124 (e.g., remote station MS 23), for example, when the remote station 123 requests service, it is desirable to serve the base stations 620, 630 of the remote stations 123, 124. , 640 sends a request message for the channel assignment to the base station controller 600. Controller processor 660 determines whether a new connection is needed after receiving the request message via step 602 via data bus 670. If the answer is no, the method returns to start step 601 and the above steps are repeated. When the answer is yes, the new connection is established. Next, a decision is made in step 603 as to whether there is an unused channel (i.e., an unused time slot of any channel frequency). If there are unused time slots on the used or unused channel frequencies, a new time slot is allocated in step 604. The method then returns to start step 601 and the above steps are repeated.
另一方面,若控制器處理器660判定任一頻道頻率上不存在未使用時槽,則其選擇已使用時槽。參見圖10B之步驟605。選擇可基於存取記憶體子系統650或另一記憶體685以獲得關於準則之資訊,諸如,時槽之當前使用及是遠端台123、124中之兩者還是僅有一者為DARP致能的。控制器處理器660選擇已使用時槽,且為時槽選擇訓練 序列碼。參見圖10B之步驟606。由於已使用該時槽,因此此訓練序列將為選擇用於彼時槽之第二訓練序列。 On the other hand, if the controller processor 660 determines that there is no unused time slot on any of the channel frequencies, it selects the used time slot. See step 605 of Figure 10B. The selection may be based on accessing the memory subsystem 650 or another memory 685 to obtain information about the criteria, such as whether the current use of the time slot and whether the remote station 123, 124 is one or only one is enabled for the DARP. of. The controller processor 660 selects the used time slot and selects training for the time slot Serial code. See step 606 of Figure 10B. Since the time slot has been used, this training sequence will be the second training sequence selected for the time slot.
為了將準則應用於選擇時槽,控制器處理器660經由資料匯流排670存取記憶體650,或存取另一記憶體685以獲得資訊,例如,關於時槽之當前分配或訓練序列或兩者及遠端台123、124是否具有DARP能力的資訊。控制器處理器660接著產生命令(661或663)且將命令發送(662或664)至基地台620以將頻道頻率、時槽及訓練序列指派至遠端台123。方法接著退回至開始步驟601且重複上文之步驟。 In order to apply the criteria to the selection time slot, the controller processor 660 accesses the memory 650 via the data bus 670 or accesses another memory 685 to obtain information, for example, regarding the current allocation or training sequence of the time slot or two. Whether the remote station 123, 124 has DARP capable information. The controller processor 660 then generates a command (661 or 663) and sends (662 or 664) a command to the base station 620 to assign the channel frequency, time slot, and training sequence to the remote station 123. The method then returns to start step 601 and the above steps are repeated.
附圖之圖11展示基地台620、920中之信號流。基地台控制器介面921經由通信鏈路950與基地台控制器600通信。通信鏈路950可為(例如)資料電纜或RF鏈接。控制器處理器960經由資料匯流排970與接收器組件922、923及924以及傳輸器組件927、928及929通信且控制該等組件。控制器處理器960經由資料匯流排980與BSC介面921通信。資料匯流排970可包含僅一個匯流排或若干匯流排且可為部分或全部雙向的。資料匯流排970及980可為相同匯流排。 Figure 11 of the accompanying drawings shows the signal flow in base stations 620, 920. The base station controller interface 921 communicates with the base station controller 600 via a communication link 950. Communication link 950 can be, for example, a data cable or an RF link. Controller processor 960 communicates with and controls receiver components 922, 923, and 924 and transmitter components 927, 928, and 929 via data bus 970. Controller processor 960 communicates with BSC interface 921 via data bus 980. Data bus 970 may include only one bus or several bus bars and may be partially or fully bidirectional. Data bus bars 970 and 980 can be the same bus bar.
在一實例中,請求頻道之授權的訊息係在基地台天線925處於經編碼、經調變、經輻射之信號中自一遠端台123、124接收且輸入至雙工器開關926。信號自雙工器開關926之接收埠傳遞至調節信號(例如,借助於降頻轉換、濾波及放大)之接收器前端924。接收器解調變器923解調變經調節之信號且將經解調變之信號輸出至頻道解碼器及解交錯器922,頻道解碼器及解交錯器922對經解調變之信號進行解碼及解交錯且將所得信號輸出至控制器處理器960。控制器處理器960自所得信號導出請求頻道之授權的訊息。控制器處理器960經由基地台控制器介面921將訊息發送至基地台控制器600。基地台控制器600接著獨立地或與行動交換中心610一起作用以向遠端台23、24授權或不 授權一頻道。 In one example, the message requesting the authorization of the channel is received from a remote station 123, 124 in the encoded, modulated, and radiated signal of the base station antenna 925 and input to the duplexer switch 926. The signal is passed from the receiver of the duplexer switch 926 to the receiver front end 924 of the adjustment signal (e.g., by means of down conversion, filtering, and amplification). Receiver demodulator 923 demodulates the modulated signal and outputs the demodulated signal to channel decoder and deinterleaver 922, which decodes the demodulated signal The deinterlacing is performed and the resulting signal is output to the controller processor 960. Controller processor 960 derives the authorization message requesting the channel from the resulting signal. Controller processor 960 sends the message to base station controller 600 via base station controller interface 921. The base station controller 600 then acts independently or with the mobile switching center 610 to authorize or not to the remote stations 23, 24. Authorize a channel.
基地台控制器600產生存取授權命令且經由通信鏈路950將存取授權命令及用於遠端台123、124之其他數位通信信號或訊務(例如,指派訊息)發送至BSC介面921。接著經由資料匯流排980將信號發送至控制器處理器960。控制器處理器960將用於遠端台123、124之信號輸出至編碼器及交錯器929且經編碼及經交錯之信號接著傳遞至傳輸器調變器928。自圖11可看出存在輸入至傳輸器調變器928之若干信號,每一信號用於一遠端台123、124。此等若干信號可在傳輸器調變器928內予以組合以提供具有如圖11中所展示之I分量及Q分量之組合調變信號。然而,若干信號之組合可替代地在調變後在傳輸器前端模組927內或在傳輸鏈內之其他階段中加以執行。自傳輸器前端927輸出經調變之組合信號且將其輸入至雙工器開關926之傳輸埠。接著經由雙工器開關926之通用或天線埠將信號輸出至天線925用於傳輸。 The base station controller 600 generates an access authorization command and transmits an access authorization command and other digital communication signals or traffic (e.g., assignment messages) for the remote stations 123, 124 to the BSC interface 921 via the communication link 950. The signal is then sent to controller processor 960 via data bus 980. Controller processor 960 outputs the signals for remote stations 123, 124 to encoder and interleaver 929 and the encoded and interleaved signals are then passed to transmitter modulator 928. It can be seen from Figure 11 that there are several signals input to the transmitter modulator 928, each for a remote station 123, 124. These signals may be combined within a transmitter modulator 928 to provide a combined modulated signal having an I component and a Q component as shown in FIG. However, a combination of several signals may alternatively be performed in the transmitter front end module 927 or in other stages within the transmission chain after modulation. The modulated combined signal is output from the transmitter front end 927 and input to the transmission port of the duplexer switch 926. The signal is then output to antenna 925 for transmission via the multiplexer or antenna 双 of duplexer switch 926.
在另一實例中,在基地台天線925處,在第二所接收信號中接收來自第二遠端台123、124之請求頻道之授權的第二訊息。如上文所描述處理第二所接收信號且在經處理之第二所接收信號中將針對頻道之授權的請求發送至基地台控制器600。 In another example, at the base station antenna 925, a second message from the second remote station 123, 124 requesting the authorization of the channel is received in the second received signal. The second received signal is processed as described above and a request for authorization of the channel is sent to the base station controller 600 in the processed second received signal.
基地台控制器600如上文所描述產生第二存取授權訊息且將其發送至基地台620、920,且基地台620、920如上文所描述傳輸包含第二存取授權訊息的信號以用於遠端台123、124。 The base station controller 600 generates a second access grant message as described above and transmits it to the base stations 620, 920, and the base station 620, 920 transmits a signal containing the second access grant message for use as described above for Remote stations 123, 124.
附圖之圖12展示可駐留於蜂巢式通信系統100之本方法及裝置之基地台控制器(BSC)600內之記憶體子系統650內的資料儲存的實例配置。圖12之表1001為指派至遠端台123-127之頻道頻率之值的表,遠端台123-127經編號。表1002為時槽之值的表,其中相對時槽號碼展示遠端台號碼123-127。可看出將時槽號碼3指派至遠端台123、124及 229。類似地,表1003展示將訓練序列(TSC)分配至遠端台123-127之資料的表。 Figure 12 of the accompanying drawings shows an example configuration of data storage within a memory subsystem 650 within a base station controller (BSC) 600 of the present method and apparatus of the cellular communication system 100. Table 1001 of Figure 12 is a table of values assigned to the channel frequencies of remote stations 123-127, and remote stations 123-127 are numbered. Table 1002 is a table of values for time slots in which the relative time slot number shows the remote station number 123-127. It can be seen that the time slot number 3 is assigned to the remote stations 123, 124 and 229. Similarly, table 1003 shows a table of data for assigning training sequences (TSCs) to remote stations 123-127.
圖12之表1005展示為多維以包括展示於剛剛描述之表1001、1002及1003中之所有參數之放大的資料表。將瞭解,展示於圖12中之表1005之部分僅為將被使用之完整表的一小部分。此外,表1005展示頻率分配集合之分配,每一頻率分配集合對應於用於小區之特定扇區中或小區中之頻率的一集合。在表1005中,將頻率分配集合f1指派至展示於圖12之表1005中之所有遠端台123-127。將瞭解表1005之未展示之其他部分將展示指派至其他遠端台123-127之頻率分配集合f2、f3等等。資料之第四列未展示值而僅展示重複的點,該等重複的點指示存在未展示於表1001中之資料之列3與列5之間的許多可能的值。 Table 1005 of Figure 12 is shown in multi-dimensional to include an enlarged data sheet showing all of the parameters shown in tables 1001, 1002, and 1003 just described. It will be appreciated that the portion of the table 1005 shown in Figure 12 is only a small portion of the complete table to be used. In addition, table 1005 shows the allocation of a set of frequency allocations, each set of frequency allocations corresponding to a set of frequencies used in a particular sector of a cell or in a cell. In table 1005, the frequency allocation set f1 is assigned to all of the remote stations 123-127 shown in the table 1005 of FIG. It will be appreciated that other portions of the table 1005 not shown will show the frequency allocation sets f2, f3, etc. assigned to other remote stations 123-127. The fourth column of data does not present values and only shows duplicate points indicating that there are many possible values between column 3 and column 5 of the data not shown in table 1001.
用於由基地台110、111、114所傳輸之兩個信號之絕對調變相位可不同。為了使用相同頻道(co-TCH)伺服額外使用者,除了提供一個以上TSC之外,網路可相對於現有co-TCH遠端台相移新同頻道(co-TCH)遠端台之RF信號之符號。若可能,網路可用均勻分布隔開之相移控制該等符號,因此改良接收器效能。舉例而言,用於兩個使用者之載波頻率(具有特定ARFCN)之相移將為相隔90度,三個使用者將為相隔60度。用於四個使用者之載波(ARFCN)之相移將為相隔45度。如上所述,使用者將使用不同TSC。本方法及裝置之每一額外MS 123-127經指派不同TSC且使用其自身TSC及DARP特徵以獲得其自身訊務資料。 The absolute modulation phase for the two signals transmitted by the base stations 110, 111, 114 can be different. In order to use the same channel (co-TCH) to serve additional users, in addition to providing more than one TSC, the network can phase shift the RF signal of the new co-TCH remote station relative to the existing co-TCH remote station. Symbol. If possible, the network can control these symbols with evenly spaced phase shifts, thus improving receiver performance. For example, the phase shift for the carrier frequency (with a particular ARFCN) for the two users will be 90 degrees apart and the three users will be 60 degrees apart. The phase shift for the four-user carrier (ARFCN) will be 45 degrees apart. As mentioned above, the user will use a different TSC. Each additional MS 123-127 of the method and apparatus is assigned a different TSC and uses its own TSC and DARP features to obtain its own traffic data.
因此,為改良DARP效能,意欲用於兩個不同行動台(遠端台)123、124之兩個信號針對其頻道脈衝響應可理想地經相移π/2,但小於此值亦將提供足夠之效能。 Therefore, to improve DARP performance, the two signals intended for two different mobile stations (remote stations) 123, 124 are ideally phase shifted by π/2 for their channel impulse response, but less than this value will provide sufficient Performance.
當向第一遠端台123及第二遠端台124指派相同頻道(亦即,相同頻道頻率上之相同時槽)時,可較佳地將信號傳輸至兩個遠端台123、124(如先前所描述使用不同訓練序列)使得調變器928以彼此90度之相移調變兩個信號,因此進一步減少信號之間歸因於相位分集的干擾。因此,(例如)自調變器928出來之I及Q樣本可各自表示兩個信號中之一者,該等信號分開90度之相位。調變器928因此引入用於兩個遠端台123、124之信號之間的相位差。 When assigning the same channel to the first remote station 123 and the second remote station 124 (i.e., the same time slot on the same channel frequency), the signal can preferably be transmitted to the two remote stations 123, 124 ( The different training sequences are used as previously described) such that the modulators 928 modulate the two signals by a phase shift of 90 degrees from each other, thus further reducing interference between the signals due to phase diversity. Thus, for example, the I and Q samples from self-modulator 928 can each represent one of two signals that are separated by a phase of 90 degrees. The modulator 928 thus introduces a phase difference between the signals for the two remote stations 123,124.
在共用相同頻道之若干遠端台123、124之狀況下,藉由不同偏移可產生I及Q樣本之多個集合。舉例而言,若相同頻道上存在用於一第三遠端台123、124之一第三信號,則相對於第一信號之相位,調變器928引入第二信號之較佳60度之相移及第三信號之較佳120度之相移,且所得I及Q樣本表示所有三個信號。舉例而言,I及Q樣本可表示三個信號之向量和。 Multiple sets of I and Q samples can be generated by different offsets in the case of a number of remote stations 123, 124 sharing the same channel. For example, if a third signal for a third remote station 123, 124 is present on the same channel, the modulator 928 introduces a preferred 60 degree phase of the second signal relative to the phase of the first signal. A phase shift of preferably 120 degrees of the third signal is shifted, and the resulting I and Q samples represent all three signals. For example, the I and Q samples can represent the vector sum of the three signals.
以此方式,傳輸器調變器928提供基地台620、920處用於引入使用相同頻率上之相同時槽且意欲用於不同遠端台123、124之同時信號之間的相位差的手段。可以其他方式提供此手段。舉例而言,可在調變器928中產生獨立信號且可藉由傳遞所得類比信號中之一者通過一相移元件且接著將相移信號及非相移信號簡單求和而在傳輸器前端927中組合所得類比信號。 In this manner, the transmitter modulator 928 provides means at the base stations 620, 920 for introducing phase differences between the same signals using the same time slots on the same frequency and intended for different remote stations 123, 124. This means can be provided in other ways. For example, an independent signal can be generated in the modulator 928 and can be passed through a phase shifting element by one of the resulting analog signals and then simply summing the phase shifted signal and the non-phase shifted signal at the front end of the transmitter. The resulting analog signal is combined in 927.
以下表2展示由如圖5中所展示之兩個基地台110及114所傳輸且由遠端台123至127所接收之信號的頻道頻率、時槽、訓練序列及所接收信號功率位準之實例值。 Table 2 below shows the channel frequency, time slot, training sequence, and received signal power level of signals transmitted by the two base stations 110 and 114 as shown in FIG. 5 and received by the remote stations 123 to 127. Instance value.
表2之由粗體長方形畫格線之列3及列4展示使用具有索引32之頻道頻率且將時槽3用於接收來自基地台114之信號但分別被分配不同訓練序列TSC2及TSC3的遠端台123及遠端台124兩者。類似地,列9及列10亦展示正用於兩個遠端台125、127以接收來自相同基地台110之信號的相同頻道頻率及時槽。可看出在每種狀況下,對於兩個遠端台125、127,期望之信號之遠端台125、127接收功率位準大體上不同。表3之經突出顯示的列3及列4展示基地台114傳輸用於遠端台123之信號且亦傳輸用於遠端台124之信號。遠端台123處之接收功率位準為-67dBm而遠端台124處之接收功率位準為-102dBm。表3之列9及列10展示基地台110傳輸用於遠端台125之信號且亦傳輸用於遠端台127之信號。遠端台125處之接收功率位準為-101dBm而遠端台127處之接收功率位準為-57dBm。在每種狀況下,功率位準上之大差異可能歸因於遠端台125、127距基地台110之不同距離。或者,對於一遠端台,與另一遠端台相比較,功率位準之差異可能歸因於傳輸信號之基地台與接收信號之遠端台之間的不同路徑損耗或信號之多路徑消除之不同 量。 Columns 3 and 4 of the bold rectangular ruled line of Table 2 show the use of the channel frequency with index 32 and the time slot 3 for receiving signals from the base station 114 but being assigned different training sequences TSC2 and TSC3, respectively. Both the end station 123 and the remote station 124. Similarly, column 9 and column 10 also show the same channel frequency time slots that are being used by the two remote stations 125, 127 to receive signals from the same base station 110. It can be seen that in each case, for the two remote stations 125, 127, the desired power levels of the remote stations 125, 127 are substantially different. The highlighted columns 3 and 4 of Table 3 show that the base station 114 transmits signals for the remote station 123 and also transmits signals for the remote station 124. The received power level at the remote station 123 is -67 dBm and the received power level at the remote station 124 is -102 dBm. Columns 9 and 10 of Table 3 show that the base station 110 transmits signals for the remote station 125 and also transmits signals for the remote station 127. The received power level at the remote station 125 is -101 dBm and the received power level at the remote station 127 is -57 dBm. In each case, the large difference in power level may be due to the different distances of the remote stations 125, 127 from the base station 110. Or, for a remote station, the difference in power level may be due to different path loss or multipath cancellation of the signal between the base station transmitting the signal and the remote station receiving the signal compared to the other remote station. Different the amount.
雖然一遠端台與另一遠端台相比之接收功率位準上之此差異對於小區規劃並非意向且並不理想,但其並不折衷本方法及裝置之操作。 Although this difference in received power level compared to another remote station is not intended and desirable for cell planning, it does not compromise the operation of the method and apparatus.
只要兩個同頻道、同時接收之信號之振幅或功率位準在具有DARP能力之遠端台123-127的天線處類似,則遠端台123-127可成功地解調變該兩個信號中之任一者。若該等信號均藉由相同基地台110、111、114傳輸且(可具有一個以上天線,例如每一信號一個天線)兩個經傳輸信號之功率位準大體上相同,則此可達成,因為接著每一遠端台123-127接收處於大體上相同之功率位準(例如,彼此不超出6dB)的兩個信號。若任一基地台110、111、114經配置而以類似功率位準傳輸兩個信號,或基地台110、111、114以固定功率位準傳輸兩個信號,則傳輸之功率類似。可進一步參看表2且參看表3說明此情形。 As long as the amplitude or power level of two co-channels, simultaneously received signals, is similar at the antenna of the DARP-capable remote stations 123-127, the remote stations 123-127 can successfully demodulate into the two signals. Either. This can be achieved if the signals are transmitted by the same base station 110, 111, 114 and (which may have more than one antenna, for example one antenna per signal), the power levels of the two transmitted signals are substantially the same, because Each remote station 123-127 then receives two signals at substantially the same power level (e.g., not exceeding 6 dB from each other). If any of the base stations 110, 111, 114 are configured to transmit two signals at similar power levels, or the base stations 110, 111, 114 transmit two signals at a fixed power level, the power transmitted is similar. This can be further illustrated with reference to Table 2 and with reference to Table 3.
儘管表2展示自基地台114接收具有大體上不同功率位準之信號的遠端台123、124,但在更仔細檢查後可看出,如藉由表2之列3及列5所展示,遠端台123自基地台114接收處於相同功率位準(-67dBm)之兩個信號,一信號為意欲用於遠端台123之期望之信號且另一信號為意欲用於遠端台124之不期望之信號。用於一遠端台123-127接收具有類似功率位準之信號的準則因此展示為在此實例中得到滿足。若行動台123具有DARP接收器,則其在此實例中可因此解調變期望之信號且拒絕不期望之信號。 Although Table 2 shows the remote stations 123, 124 receiving signals having substantially different power levels from the base station 114, it can be seen after more careful inspection, as shown by column 3 and column 5 of Table 2, The remote station 123 receives two signals at the same power level (-67 dBm) from the base station 114, one signal being the desired signal intended for the remote station 123 and the other signal being intended for the remote station 124. Undesired signal. The criteria for a remote station 123-127 to receive signals having similar power levels are thus shown to be satisfied in this example. If the mobile station 123 has a DARP receiver, it can thus demodulate the desired signal and reject the undesired signal in this example.
類似地,可藉由檢查表2之列4及列6(上文中)看出遠端台124接收共用相同頻道且具有相同功率位準(-102dBm)之兩個信號。兩個信號來自基地台114。對於遠端台124,兩個信號中之一者為期望之信號,且另一信號為意欲由遠端台123使用之不期望之信號。 Similarly, the remote station 124 can be seen to receive two signals sharing the same channel and having the same power level (-102 dBm) by examining column 4 and column 6 (above) of Table 2. Both signals are from base station 114. For remote station 124, one of the two signals is the desired signal and the other signal is an undesired signal intended for use by remote station 123.
為了進一步說明以上概念,表3為表2之改動版本,其中僅將表2 之列簡單地重新排序。可看出遠端台123及124各自自一基地台114接收具有相同頻道及類似功率位準之兩個信號(一期望之信號及一不期望之信號)。又,遠端台125自兩個不同基地台110、114接收具有相同頻道及類似功率位準之兩個信號(一期望之信號及一不期望之信號)。 To further illustrate the above concepts, Table 3 is a modified version of Table 2, of which only Table 2 The list is simply reordered. It can be seen that the remote stations 123 and 124 each receive two signals (a desired signal and an undesired signal) having the same channel and similar power levels from a base station 114. Also, remote station 125 receives two signals (a desired signal and an undesired signal) having the same channel and similar power levels from two different base stations 110, 114.
已模擬上文所描述之裝置及方法且已發現該方法在GSM相同中良好地運作。上文所描述及圖8A、8B、10A、11及12中所展示之裝置可為(例如)GSM系統之一基地台110、111、114之部分。 The apparatus and method described above have been simulated and it has been found that the method works well in the same GSM. The apparatus described above and illustrated in Figures 8A, 8B, 10A, 11 and 12 can be part of, for example, one of the base stations 110, 111, 114 of the GSM system.
根據本方法及裝置之另一態樣,基地台110、111、114有可能使用相同頻道與兩個遠端台123-127保持呼叫,使得一第一遠端台123-127具有一DARP致能之接收器且一第二遠端台123-127並不具有一DARP致能之接收器。由兩個遠端台124-127所接收之信號的振幅經配置以相差在值的一範圍內之一量,在一實例中,該量可為在8dB與10dB之間,且亦經配置使得意欲用於DARP致能之遠端台之信號的振幅比非DARP致能之遠端台124-127之信號的振幅低。 According to another aspect of the method and apparatus, the base stations 110, 111, 114 are likely to use the same channel to hold calls with the two remote stations 123-127 such that a first remote station 123-127 has a DARP enabled The receiver and a second remote station 123-127 do not have a DARP enabled receiver. The amplitude of the signal received by the two remote stations 124-127 is configured to differ by a factor within a range of values, which in an example may be between 8 dB and 10 dB, and is also configured such that The amplitude of the signal intended for the remote station enabled by the DARP is lower than the amplitude of the signal of the non-DARP enabled remote station 124-127.
MUROS或非MUROS行動件可將其不期望之信號視為干擾。然而,對於MUROS,可將兩個信號視為小區中之期望之信號。MUROS致能之網路(例如,BS及BSC)的優點為BS 110、111、114可每一時槽使用兩個或兩個以上而非僅一個訓練序列使得可將兩個信號視為所要信號。BS 110、111、114傳輸適當振幅之信號以使得本方法及裝置之每一行動件接收處於足夠高的振幅之其自身之信號,且兩個信號維持一振幅比率使得可偵測對應於兩個訓練序列之兩個信號。可使用儲存於BS 110、111、114或BSC 600中之記憶體中的軟體而實施此特徵。 舉例而言,基於MS 123-127之路徑損耗且基於現有訊務頻道可用性而選擇MS 123-127用於配對。然而,若一行動件之路徑損耗與另一行動件123-127之路徑損耗非常不同,則MUROS仍可運作。當一行動件123-127離BS 110、111、114非常遠時,此可發生。 MUROS or non-MUROS mobiles can treat their unwanted signals as interference. However, for MUROS, two signals can be considered as the desired signal in the cell. An advantage of the MUROS enabled network (e.g., BS and BSC) is that the BSs 110, 111, 114 can use two or more than one training sequence per time slot so that the two signals can be considered as desired signals. The BSs 110, 111, 114 transmit signals of appropriate amplitude such that each of the mobile devices of the method and apparatus receives its own signal at a sufficiently high amplitude, and the two signals maintain an amplitude ratio such that the detectable corresponds to two Two signals of the training sequence. This feature can be implemented using software stored in the memory in BS 110, 111, 114 or BSC 600. For example, MS 123-127 is selected for pairing based on MS 123-127 path loss and based on existing traffic channel availability. However, if the path loss of one mobile member is very different from the path loss of the other mobile member 123-127, the MUROS can still operate. This can occur when a moving member 123-127 is very far from the BSs 110, 111, 114.
關於功率控制,存在不同的可能配對組合。兩個MS 123-127可具有DARP能力或僅一者具有DARP能力。在兩種情形下,在行動件123-127處之接收振幅或功率位準可彼此不超出10dB且對於MS 2,情況相同。然而,若僅一MS具有DARP能力,則另一約束為非DARP行動件123-127具有比第二信號高(在一實例中,比第二信號至少高8dB)的其期望之(或所要的)第一信號。具有DARP能力之行動器件123-127接收僅比第一信號低一較低臨限值(在一實例中,較低臨限值最高為10dB)的其第二信號。因此,在一實例中,對於具有DARP能力之遠端台123-127/具有DARP能力之遠端台123-127,振幅比率可為0dB至±10dB,或對於支援非DARP行動件之非DARP/DARP可為8dB至10dB之較高信號。又,BS 110、111、114較佳傳輸兩個信號使得每一MS 123-127接收超過其靈敏限之其期望的信號。(在一實例中,其超過其靈敏限至少6dB)。因此,若一MS 123-127具有較多路徑損耗,則BS 110、111、114以適於達成此情形之振幅傳輸彼MS之信號。此 設定絕對振幅。與另一信號之差異接著判定彼另一信號之絕對振幅。 Regarding power control, there are different possible pairing combinations. Both MS 123-127 may have DARP capability or only one with DARP capability. In either case, the received amplitude or power level at the mobile devices 123-127 may not exceed 10 dB from each other and for MS 2, the same is true. However, if only one MS has DARP capability, another constraint is that the non-DARP mobiles 123-127 have their desired (or desired) higher than the second signal (in one example, at least 8 dB higher than the second signal). ) the first signal. The DARP capable mobile device 123-127 receives its second signal that is only one lower threshold than the first signal (in one example, the lower threshold is up to 10 dB). Thus, in one example, for a DARP capable remote station 123-127/DARP capable remote station 123-127, the amplitude ratio can be 0 dB to ±10 dB, or for non-DARRP/ supporting non-DARP mobile devices. DARP can be a higher signal from 8dB to 10dB. Again, BSs 110, 111, 114 preferably transmit two signals such that each MS 123-127 receives its desired signal that exceeds its sensitivity limit. (In one example, it exceeds its sensitivity limit by at least 6 dB). Thus, if an MS 123-127 has more path loss, the BSs 110, 111, 114 transmit signals of the MSs in an amplitude suitable for achieving this situation. this Set the absolute amplitude. The difference from the other signal then determines the absolute amplitude of the other signal.
附圖之圖13展示用於本方法及裝置之具有DARP特徵之遠端台123-127之實例接收器架構。在一實例中,接收器經調適以使用單天線干擾消除(SAIC)等化器1105或最大似然序列估計器(MLSE)等化器1106。亦可使用實施其他協定之其他等化器。當接收具有類似振幅之兩個信號時,較佳使用SAIC等化器。當所接收信號之振幅並不類似時,例如,當期望之信號的振幅比不期望之同頻道信號之振幅大得多時,通常使用MLSE等化器。 Figure 13 of the accompanying drawings shows an example receiver architecture for a remote station 123-127 having DARP features for the present method and apparatus. In an example, the receiver is adapted to use a single antenna interference cancellation (SAIC) equalizer 1105 or a maximum likelihood sequence estimator (MLSE) equalizer 1106. Other equalizers that implement other agreements may also be used. When receiving two signals having similar amplitudes, it is preferred to use a SAIC equalizer. When the amplitudes of the received signals are not similar, for example, when the amplitude of the desired signal is much larger than the amplitude of the undesired co-channel signal, an MLSE equalizer is typically used.
附圖之圖14展示經調適以將相同頻道指派至兩個遠端台123-127之GSM系統之部分的簡化表示。該系統包含一基地台收發器子系統(BTS)或基地台110及兩個遠端台(行動台)125及127。網路可經由基地台收發器子系統110將相同頻道頻率及相同時槽指派至兩個遠端台125及127。網路將不同之訓練序列分配至兩個遠端台125及127。遠端台125及127皆為行動台且皆經指派具有等於160之ARFCN的頻道頻率及具有等於3之時槽索引號碼TS之時槽。遠端台125被指派TSC為5之訓練序列而遠端台127被指派TSC為0之訓練序列。每一遠端台125、127將接收其自身之信號(在圖中由實線展示)連同意欲用於另一遠端台125、127之信號(在圖中由虛線展示)。每一遠端台125、127能夠解調變其自身之信號同時拒絕不期望之信號。 Figure 14 of the accompanying drawings shows a simplified representation of a portion of a GSM system adapted to assign the same channel to two remote stations 123-127. The system includes a base station transceiver subsystem (BTS) or base station 110 and two remote stations (mobile stations) 125 and 127. The network can assign the same channel frequency and the same time slot to the two remote stations 125 and 127 via the base station transceiver subsystem 110. The network assigns different training sequences to the two remote stations 125 and 127. Both remote stations 125 and 127 are mobile stations and are assigned a channel frequency having an ARFCN equal to 160 and a time slot having a slot index number TS equal to three. The remote station 125 is assigned a training sequence with a TSC of 5 and the remote station 127 is assigned a training sequence with a TSC of zero. Each remote station 125, 127 will receive its own signal (shown by the solid line in the figure) and agree to the signal intended for the other remote station 125, 127 (shown in phantom in the figure). Each remote station 125, 127 is capable of demodulating its own signal while rejecting undesired signals.
如上文所描述,根據本方法及裝置,一單一基地台110、111、114可傳輸第一及第二信號,該等信號分別用於第一及第二遠端台123-127,每一信號在相同頻道上傳輸,且每一信號具有不同之訓練序列。當第一信號之振幅與第二信號之振幅彼此大體上不超出(例如)10dB時,具有DARP能力之第一遠端台123-127能夠使用訓練序列來區別第一信號與第二信號且解調變並使用第一信號。 As described above, according to the method and apparatus, a single base station 110, 111, 114 can transmit first and second signals for the first and second remote stations 123-127, each signal Transmit on the same channel and each signal has a different training sequence. When the amplitude of the first signal and the amplitude of the second signal do not substantially exceed, for example, 10 dB from each other, the DARP capable first remote station 123-127 can use the training sequence to distinguish the first signal from the second signal and resolve Modulate and use the first signal.
總之,圖14展示網路將相同實體資源指派至兩個行動台但將不 同之訓練序列分配至該兩個行動台。每一行動件將接收其自身之信號(在圖14中展示為實線)及意欲用於另一co-TCH使用者之信號(在圖14中展示為虛線)。在下行鏈路上,每一行動台將意欲用於另一行動台之信號視為CCI且拒絕該干擾。因此,兩個不同之訓練序列可用以抑制來自另一MUROS使用者之干擾。 In summary, Figure 14 shows that the network assigns the same physical resource to two mobile stations but will not The same training sequence is assigned to the two mobile stations. Each mobile device will receive its own signal (shown as a solid line in Figure 14) and a signal intended for another co-TCH user (shown as a dashed line in Figure 14). On the downlink, each mobile station treats the signal intended for another mobile station as a CCI and rejects the interference. Therefore, two different training sequences can be used to suppress interference from another MUROS user.
根據實施本方法及裝置之方式,在不回覆無線電存取能力MUROS的類別標記(classmark)的情況下,識別連接至特定BS之MS中之哪一者具有MUROS能力係有用的(因為需要將舊有UE與MUROS UE配對)。BS可藉由請求MS之類別標記而識別MS之DARP能力係可能的。類別標記為自MS至BS之關於其能力之宣告。此描述於GERAN標準中之TS10.5.1.5-7之24.008中。當前,該等標準界定指示MS之DARP能力之類別標記,但迄今為止,尚未界定MUROS類別標記或對新訓練序列類別標記之支援。因此,不可能藉由使用舊有MS之類別標記識別MS是否具有MUROS能力。另外,儘管在該等標準中界定了DARP類別標記,但該等標準不要求MS將該類別標記發送至BS以向BS通知其能力。事實上,許多製造商並不在呼叫建置程序上設計其具有DARP能力之MS將DARP類別標記發送至BS,以防止其MS將藉由BS自動地被指派至較吵雜之頻道,藉此潛在地使來自彼MS之通信降級。因此,當前不可能確切地識別MS是否具有MUROS能力或甚至具有DARP能力。需要使舊有MS在MUROS操作中運作,因為其的確具有進行彼作用之能力。當前問題為不存在支援其之信號傳輸。 According to the manner in which the method and apparatus are implemented, it is useful to identify which of the MSs connected to the particular BS has the MUROS capability without acknowledging the classmark of the radio access capability MUROS (because the need is old) There are UEs paired with MUROS UEs). The BS can identify the DARP capability of the MS by requesting the category tag of the MS. The category is marked as an announcement from MS to BS about its capabilities. This is described in 24.008 of TS10.5.1.5-7 in the GERAN standard. Currently, these standards define a category tag that indicates the DARP capability of the MS, but to date, MUROS category tags or support for new training sequence class tags have not been defined. Therefore, it is impossible to identify whether the MS has MUROS capability by using the category tag of the old MS. Additionally, although DARP category tags are defined in such standards, the standards do not require the MS to send the class tag to the BS to inform the BS of its capabilities. In fact, many manufacturers do not design their DARP-capable MSs to send DARP class tags to the BS on the call setup procedure to prevent their MSs from being automatically assigned to more noisy channels by the BS. Ground down the communication from the MS. Therefore, it is currently impossible to accurately identify whether an MS has MUROS capability or even DARP capability. It is necessary to have the old MS operate in the MUROS operation because it does have the ability to perform its role. The current problem is that there is no signal transmission to support it.
理論上,BS將有可能基於MS之國際行動設備識別碼(IMEI)來識別MS中之MUROS能力。BS可藉由直接自MS請求IMEI而確定MS之IMEI。IMEI對於MS為唯一的且可用以參考位於網路中任何處之資料庫,藉此識別MS所屬之行動電話之型號及(另外)其能力,諸如DARP 及MUROS。若電話具有DARP或MUROS能力,則BS將該電話視為用於與另一合適MS共用一槽之候選者。然而,雖然使用IMEI在理論上係可能的,但僅僅DARP或MUROS能力並非用於判定特定MS是否可與另一MS共用一TDMA槽之充分準則。在操作中,BS將構建當前連接至彼BS之具有DARP或MUROS能力之MS的清單。對能夠共用特定槽之MS之識別考慮其他準則。 In theory, it would be possible for the BS to identify the MUROS capabilities in the MS based on the MS's International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI). The BS can determine the IMEI of the MS by requesting the IMEI directly from the MS. The IMEI is unique to the MS and can be used to reference a database located anywhere in the network, thereby identifying the model of the mobile phone to which the MS belongs and (in addition) its capabilities, such as DARP. And MUROS. If the phone has DARP or MUROS capabilities, the BS views the phone as a candidate for sharing a slot with another suitable MS. However, while it is theoretically possible to use IMEI, only DARP or MUROS capabilities are not sufficient criteria for determining whether a particular MS can share a TDMA slot with another MS. In operation, the BS will construct a list of MSs with DARP or MUROS capabilities currently connected to the BS. Consider other criteria for the identification of MSs that can share a particular slot.
首先,可確定MS在給定吵雜環境中之干擾拒絕能力。(參見圖35中之流程圖之步驟1610)。此知識用以將MS分配至最適合可用之共用槽。(參見圖35中之流程圖之步驟1620)。此知識亦用以准許與其他候選MS之最佳配對。(參見圖35中之流程圖之步驟1630)。判定MS之干擾拒絕能力之一種方式為發送一'發現叢發'。此為短無線電叢發,其中期望藉由MS接收之信號具有一疊加於其上之已知干擾樣式。該發現叢發含有一基本語音信號及處於受控之功率位準的一疊加CCI信號。當發送發現叢發時,發送與正用於當前在操作中之呼叫之訓練序列不同的訓練序列。此區別發現叢發與實際聲音信號。 First, the ability of the MS to reject interference in a given noisy environment can be determined. (See step 1610 of the flowchart in Figure 35). This knowledge is used to assign the MS to the shared slot that is best suited for use. (See step 1620 of the flowchart in Figure 35). This knowledge is also used to permit optimal pairing with other candidate MSs. (See step 1630 of the flowchart in Figure 35). One way to determine the MS's interference rejection capability is to send a 'discovery burst'. This is a short radio burst in which it is expected that the signal received by the MS has a known interference pattern superimposed thereon. The discovery burst contains a basic speech signal and a superimposed CCI signal at a controlled power level. When a discovery burst is sent, a training sequence that is different from the training sequence being used for the call currently in operation is sent. This difference finds bursts with actual sound signals.
在本方法及裝置之特定實施中,量測位元錯誤機率(BEP)。(亦可如下文所論述使用指示遠端台拒絕干擾之能力之其他參數)。在MS之週期報告中將此發送回至BS。在GERAN標準中,BEP藉由值0-31表示,其中0對應於25%之位元錯誤機率且31對應於0.025%之機率。換言之,BEP越高,MS拒絕干擾之能力越大。將BEP作為一"增強量測報告"之部分來報告。一旦已發送叢發,若在隨後之報告中MS之BEP降到給定臨限值以下,則認為MS不適合於MUROS操作。在模擬中,已展示至少25之BEP為臨限值之有利選擇。注意,BEP藉由在頻道上發送叢發且在MS處量測發生於叢發中之錯誤數目而導出。然而,(尤其)若跨越叢發存在錯誤頻率的顯著變化,則僅BEP可能並非為MS及頻道之品質之足夠準確之量測。因此,可較佳地將MUROS操作決策 基於考慮BEP之協方差(CVBEP)之平均BEP。標準要求此等兩個量出現在MS發送至BS之報告中。 In a particular implementation of the method and apparatus, the bit error probability (BEP) is measured. (Other parameters indicating the ability of the remote station to reject interference may also be used as discussed below). This is sent back to the BS in the MS's periodic report. In the GERAN standard, BEP is represented by a value of 0-31, where 0 corresponds to a 25% bit error probability and 31 corresponds to a 0.025% probability. In other words, the higher the BEP, the greater the ability of the MS to reject interference. Report BEP as part of an "Enhanced Measurement Report." Once the burst has been sent, the MS is considered unsuitable for MUROS operation if the BEP of the MS falls below a given threshold in a subsequent report. In the simulation, a BEP of at least 25 has been shown to be a favorable choice for the threshold. Note that BEP is derived by sending bursts on the channel and measuring the number of errors that occurred in the burst at the MS. However, (especially) if there is a significant change in the error frequency across the burst, then only the BEP may not be a sufficiently accurate measure of the quality of the MS and the channel. Therefore, the MUROS operation decision can be better Based on the average BEP considering the covariance of the BEP (CVBEP). The standard requires that these two quantities appear in the report sent by the MS to the BS.
或者,決策可基於在一SACCH週期(0.48ms)內由MS返回至BS之RxQual參數。RxQual為0-7之間的值,其中每一值對應於許多叢發中之位元錯誤之估計數目(參見3GPP TS 05.08)。此為由八個等級組成之接收品質之標準界定的量測且對應於所接收信號之位元錯誤率(BER)。錯誤率越高,RxQual越高。模擬已展示2或低於2之RxQual為MUROS操作之臨限值之有利選擇。 Alternatively, the decision may be based on an RxQual parameter returned by the MS to the BS within a SACCH period (0.48 ms). RxQual is a value between 0 and 7, where each value corresponds to an estimated number of bit errors in many bursts (see 3GPP TS 05.08). This is a measurement defined by a standard of reception quality consisting of eight levels and corresponds to the bit error rate (BER) of the received signal. The higher the error rate, the higher the RxQual. The simulation has shown that RxQual of 2 or below is an advantageous choice for the threshold of MUROS operation.
或者,參數RxLev可同樣地用作選擇準則。RXLEV指示以dBm為單位之所接收之平均信號強度。在發現叢發之後,此亦將被報告至BS。已展示至少100dBm之RxLev為有利的。雖然已描述用於MUROS配對之特定準則,但熟習此項技術者將清楚,可替代使用或結合上文所識別之彼等準則而使用許多其他準則。 Alternatively, the parameter RxLev can be used equally as a selection criterion. RXLEV indicates the received average signal strength in dBm. This will also be reported to the BS after the discovery of the burst. RxLev of at least 100 dBm has been shown to be advantageous. While specific criteria for MUROS pairing have been described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many other criteria may be used instead of or in combination with the criteria identified above.
本方法及裝置使用GMSK及手機之DARP能力以避免對網路支援新調變方法之需要。網路可在上行鏈路上使用現有方法以分開每一使用者,例如,聯合偵測。其使用同頻道指派,其中將相同實體資源指派至兩個不同行動件,但向每一行動件指派不同訓練序列。在上行鏈路上,本方法及裝置之每一行動台123-127可使用不同之訓練序列。網路可使用聯合偵測方法來分開上行鏈路上之兩個使用者。 The method and apparatus use the DARSK capabilities of GMSK and mobile phones to avoid the need for a new modulation method for the network. The network can use existing methods on the uplink to separate each user, for example, joint detection. It uses a co-channel assignment in which the same physical resource is assigned to two different mobiles, but each action is assigned a different training sequence. On the uplink, each of the mobile stations 123-127 of the method and apparatus can use a different training sequence. The network can use the joint detection method to separate two users on the uplink.
為了減少對其他小區之干擾,BS 110、111、114相對於遠端台或行動台距其之距離而控制其下行鏈路功率。當MS 123-127靠近BS 110、111、114時,在下行鏈路上由BS 110、111、114傳輸至MS 123-127之RF功率位準可比傳輸至較遠離BS 110、111、114之遠端台123-127之RF功率位準低。當同頻道使用者及較遠處之呼叫者共用相同 ARFCN及時槽時,用於同頻道使用者之功率位準對於該呼叫者足夠大。其可皆具有相同功率位準,但若網路考慮同頻道使用者距基地台110、111、114之距離,則此可得以改良。在一實例中,功率可藉由識別距離且估計新使用者123-127所需之下行鏈路功率而控制。經由每一使用者123-127之時序提前值(timing advance,TA)參數可進行此操作。每一使用者123-127之RACH將此資訊提供至BS 110、111、114。 In order to reduce interference to other cells, the BSs 110, 111, 114 control their downlink power relative to the distance of the far-end station or mobile station. When the MS 123-127 is close to the BSs 110, 111, 114, the RF power levels transmitted by the BSs 110, 111, 114 to the MSs 123-127 on the downlink can be transmitted to the farther away from the BSs 110, 111, 114. The RF power level of station 123-127 is low. When the same channel user and the caller in the far distance share the same When the ARFCN is in time slot, the power level for the co-channel user is large enough for the caller. They all have the same power level, but this can be improved if the network considers the distance of the co-channel users from the base stations 110, 111, 114. In an example, power can be controlled by identifying the distance and estimating the downlink power required by the new user 123-127. This can be done via the timing advance (TA) parameter of each user 123-127. The RACH of each user 123-127 provides this information to the BSs 110, 111, 114.
另一新穎特徵為將具有類似距離之新使用者挑選為當前/現有使用者。網路可識別現有使用者之訊務頻道(TCH=ARFCN及TS),該現有使用者在相同小區中且處於類似距離處且需要上文所識別之大致相同的功率位準。又,另一新穎特徵為網路可接著用與TCH之現有使用者不同之TSC將此TCH指派至新使用者。 Another novel feature is the selection of new users with similar distances as current/existing users. The network can identify existing user traffic channels (TCH=ARFCN and TS) that are in the same cell and at similar distances and require substantially the same power level as identified above. Yet another novel feature is that the network can then assign this TCH to a new user using a different TSC than the existing user of the TCH.
另一考慮方面為具有DARP能力之行動件之CCI拒絕將視使用何語音編解碼器而變化。因此,網路(NW)可使用此準則且根據距遠端台123-127之距離及所使用之編解碼器而指派不同下行鏈路功率位準。因此,若網路找到距BS 110、111、114類似距離之同頻道使用者,則可能係較佳的。此係歸因於CCI拒絕之效能限制。若一信號與另一信號相比太強,則歸因於干擾可能偵測不到較弱之信號。因此,當指派同頻道及同時槽時,網路可考慮自BS 110、111、114至新使用者之距離。以下為網路可執行以最小化對其他小區之干擾的程序。 Another consideration is that the CCI rejection of a DARP capable mobile device will vary depending on which speech codec is used. Thus, the network (NW) can use this criterion and assign different downlink power levels based on the distance from the remote stations 123-127 and the codec used. Therefore, it may be preferable if the network finds a co-channel user at a similar distance from the BSs 110, 111, 114. This is due to the performance limitations of CCI rejection. If a signal is too strong compared to another signal, a weaker signal may not be detected due to interference. Therefore, when assigning the same channel and the same slot, the network can consider the distance from the BS 110, 111, 114 to the new user. The following are procedures that the network can perform to minimize interference with other cells.
聲音呼叫可藉由DTx(非連續傳輸)模式傳輸。此模式為經分配TCH叢發可在無語音之持續時間內為寂靜(當一者正傾聽時)的模式。彼模式在小區中之每個TCH使用DTx時之益處為減少UL及DL兩者上之伺服小區之總的功率位準,因此可減少對其他者之干擾。此具有顯 著效應,因為通常吾人確有40%之時間傾聽。DTx特徵亦可用於MUROS模式中以達成如所述之已知益處。 Sound calls can be transmitted in DTx (discontinuous transmission) mode. This mode is a mode in which the assigned TCH bursts can be silent (when one is listening) for the duration of no speech. The benefit of this mode when using DTx for each TCH in the cell is to reduce the total power level of the serving cell on both UL and DL, thus reducing interference to others. This has obvious The effect, because usually we have 40% of the time to listen. The DTx feature can also be used in the MUROS mode to achieve the known benefits as described.
當跳頻用以建立使用者分集時,存在待達成之MUROS之額外益處。當兩個MUROS使用者配對在一起時,可存在兩個MUROS配對之使用者處於DTx中之某一時段。雖然如上文所述此為對其他小區之益處,但MUROS配對之使用者彼此皆不受益。出於此原因,當兩個使用者處於DTx中時,浪費分配之資源。為了利用此潛在有用之DTx週期,吾人可使跳頻發生使得一群組之使用者在每個訊框基礎上動態地彼此配對。此方法將使用者分集引入MUROS操作中,且減少兩個配對之MUROS使用者處於DTx中之機率。其亦增加TCH上具有一GMSK之機率。益處包括增加語音呼叫之效能及最大化NW之總的容量。 When frequency hopping is used to establish user diversity, there is an additional benefit of MUROS to be achieved. When two MUROS users are paired together, there may be two periods in which the MUROS paired user is in DTx. While this is a benefit to other cells as described above, users of MUROS pairings do not benefit from each other. For this reason, when two users are in DTx, the allocated resources are wasted. In order to take advantage of this potentially useful DTx cycle, we can make frequency hopping happen so that a group of users dynamically pair each other on a per-frame basis. This approach introduces user diversity into the MUROS operation and reduces the chances of two paired MUROS users being in DTx. It also increases the probability of having a GMSK on the TCH. Benefits include increasing the effectiveness of voice calls and maximizing the total capacity of the NW.
可說明此情形之一實例:假設NW使用全速率語音編解碼器識別使用類似RF功率之8個MUROS呼叫者A、B、C、D、T、U、V、W。呼叫者A、B、C、D可為非跳頻的。此外,呼叫者A、B、C、D在相同時槽(例如,TS3)上,但使用四個不同之頻率ARFCNf1、f2、f3及f4。呼叫者T、U、V、W為跳頻的。此外,呼叫者T、U、V、W在相同時槽TS3上且使用頻率f1、f2、f3及f4(MA清單)。假設分別向呼叫者給予HSN=0及MAIO 0、1、2及3。此將使得A、B、C、D以循環形式與T、U、V、W配對,如下表中所展示。 An example of this situation can be illustrated: Suppose NW uses a full rate speech codec to identify 8 MUROS callers A, B, C, D, T, U, V, W using similar RF power. Callers A, B, C, and D can be non-frequency hopping. In addition, callers A, B, C, and D are on the same time slot (e.g., TS3), but use four different frequencies ARFCNf1, f2, f3, and f4. The callers T, U, V, and W are frequency hopping. Further, the callers T, U, V, and W are on the same time slot TS3 and use frequencies f1, f2, f3, and f4 (MA list). It is assumed that the caller is given HSN=0 and MAIO 0, 1, 2 and 3, respectively. This will cause A, B, C, D to be paired with T, U, V, W in a circular fashion, as shown in the table below.
以上配置僅為一實例。選擇此形式以展示其運作之方式。然而,其不應限於此特定配置。若引入更具隨機性之配對,則其甚至更好地運作。若每兩個使用者一個ARFCN,則此可藉由將所有8個使用 者置於四個MA清單上之跳頻上且給予其不同之HSN(在以上實例,0至3)及MAIO而達成。 The above configuration is only an example. Choose this form to show how it works. However, it should not be limited to this particular configuration. If a more random pairing is introduced, it works even better. If every two users have an ARFCN, this can be done by using all 8 The results are placed on the hopping frequencies of the four MA lists and given their different HSNs (in the above examples, 0 to 3) and MAIO.
第一方法將正使用之訊務頻道(TCH)配對。在一實例中,在網路側上實施此特徵,其中在遠端台側123-127上作出較小變化或不作出變化。該網路藉由一不同TSC將已由第一遠端台123-127使用之TCH分配至第二遠端台123-127。舉例而言,當已使用所有TCH時,所需之任何額外服務將與正使用類似功率之現有TCH配對。舉例而言,若額外服務為4D1U資料呼叫,則網路找到具有與額外新遠端台123-127類似之功率要求的四個現有聲音呼叫使用者,該四個現有聲音呼叫使用者使用四個連續時槽。若不存在此匹配,則網路可重新組態時槽及ARFCN以產生一匹配。接著,網路將四個時槽指派至需要4D TCH之新資料呼叫。該新資料呼叫亦使用不同之TSC。此外,可使額外者之上行鏈路功率接近或等於已使用該時槽之遠端台123-127之上行鏈路功率。 The first method pairs the traffic channels (TCH) being used. In an example, this feature is implemented on the network side where minor changes or no changes are made on the remote station side 123-127. The network assigns the TCHs that have been used by the first remote stations 123-127 to the second remote stations 123-127 by a different TSC. For example, when all TCHs have been used, any additional services required will be paired with existing TCHs that are using similar power. For example, if the additional service is a 4D1U data call, the network finds four existing voice call users with similar power requirements as the additional new remote stations 123-127, which use four existing voice call users. Continuous time slot. If this match does not exist, the network can reconfigure the time slot and ARFCN to produce a match. The network then assigns four time slots to the new data call that requires 4D TCH. This new data call also uses a different TSC. In addition, the additional uplink power can be made close to or equal to the uplink power of the remote stations 123-127 that have used the time slot.
若考慮使用一個以上時槽之資料服務,則可配對時槽之所有者(當其為偶數時)或除一者以外的所有者(當其為奇數時)。因此,可藉由向MS 123-127給予一個以上TSC而達成改良之容量。藉由使用多個TSC,遠端台123-127可(在一實例中)將其配對之多個時槽組合成一個時槽使得可將實際RF資源分配減半。舉例而言,對於4DL資料傳送,假設MS當前在每一訊框中之TS1、TS2、TS3及TS4中具有叢發B1、B2、B3及B4。使用本方法,向B1及B2指派一TSC(例如,TSC0),而B3及B4具有一不同之TSC(例如,TSC1)。可在TS1上傳輸B1及B2,且可在相同訊框中之TS2上傳輸B3及B4。以此方式,先前4DL指派僅使用兩個時槽來無線傳輸四個叢發。SAIC接收器可用TSC0解碼B1及B2 且用TSC1解碼B3及B4。解碼四個叢發之管線處理可使得此特徵與習知方法無縫地運作。 If you consider the use of more than one time slot data service, you can pair the owner of the time slot (when it is even) or the owner other than one (when it is odd). Therefore, an improved capacity can be achieved by giving more than one TSC to the MS 123-127. By using multiple TSCs, the remote stations 123-127 can (in one instance) combine their paired time slots into one time slot so that the actual RF resource allocation can be halved. For example, for 4DL data transmission, it is assumed that the MS currently has bursts B1, B2, B3, and B4 in TS1, TS2, TS3, and TS4 in each frame. Using this method, a TSC (e.g., TSC0) is assigned to B1 and B2, and B3 and B4 have a different TSC (e.g., TSC1). B1 and B2 can be transmitted on TS1, and B3 and B4 can be transmitted on TS2 in the same frame. In this way, the previous 4DL assignment uses only two time slots to wirelessly transmit four bursts. SAIC receiver can decode B1 and B2 with TSC0 And B3 and B4 are decoded by TSC1. Decoding four bursts of pipeline processing can make this feature work seamlessly with conventional methods.
組合一使用者之偶數個時槽可使無線(OTA)分配減半,從而節省電池能量。此亦空出額外時間用於鄰近小區及之掃描及/或監視及伺服小區及鄰近小區兩者之系統資訊更新。在網路側上存在一些其他特徵。網路可基於新使用者之距離而進行對同頻道、同時槽(co-TS)的額外指派。最初,網路可使用其使用者處於類似距離之TCH。此可經由每一使用者之時序提前值TA進行。每一使用者之RACH將此資訊提供至BS 110、111、114。 Combining an even number of time slots of a user can halve the wireless (OTA) allocation, thereby conserving battery power. This also leaves extra time for the neighboring cell and its scanning and/or monitoring and system information updates for both the serving cell and the neighboring cell. There are some other features on the network side. The network can make additional assignments to co-channels, co-TSs based on the distance of new users. Initially, the network can use a TCH whose users are at similar distances. This can be done via the timing advance value TA of each user. The RACH of each user provides this information to the BSs 110, 111, 114.
上文亦意謂若兩個同頻道、co-TS之使用者正在不同方向上移動(一者朝向BS而移動且另一者遠離BS而移動),則將存在兩者中之一者將切換至具有更好功率位準匹配之另一TCH的位置。此不應成問題,因為網路可正針對不同ARFCN及TS連續地重新分配使用者。某一其他最佳化可能係有幫助的,諸如,最佳化待使用之新TSC之選擇,因為此與區域中之頻率重複使用樣式相關。此特徵之一優點為其主要使用網路側上(例如,BS及BSC)之軟體改變。網路訊務頻道指派之改變可增加容量。 The above also means that if two users of the same channel and co-TS are moving in different directions (one moves toward the BS and the other moves away from the BS), then one of the two will switch. To the location of another TCH with a better power level match. This should not be a problem as the network can be continuously reallocating users for different ARFCNs and TSs. Some other optimization may be helpful, such as optimizing the choice of a new TSC to be used, as this is related to the frequency reuse pattern in the region. One advantage of this feature is that it primarily uses software changes on the network side (e.g., BS and BSC). Changes in network traffic channel assignments can increase capacity.
可進行其他改良。首先,Co-TCH(同頻道及同時槽)可用於相同TCH上之聲音呼叫以及資料呼叫以改良容量資料速率。此特徵可應用至GMSK調變之資料服務,諸如CS1至4及MCS1至4之8PSK。 Other improvements can be made. First, Co-TCH (co-channel and simultaneous slot) can be used for voice calls and data calls on the same TCH to improve the capacity data rate. This feature can be applied to GMSK modulation data services such as CS1 to 4 and 8PSK of MCS1 to 4.
此特徵可應用至關於資料呼叫之同頻道(co-TCH)之重複使用以達成增加之容量。可配對資料傳送之兩個時槽且藉由使用具有用於相應 叢發中之每一者中之兩個訓練序列之一時槽而將其傳輸。將兩個訓練序列指派至目標接收器。此意謂可將4時槽下行鏈路減少至2時槽下行鏈路,其節省接收器之功率及時間。自4個時槽改變至2個時槽給予遠端台更多時間來進行其他任務,諸如監視NC,其將改良交遞或HO。 This feature can be applied to the reuse of co-channels for data calls to achieve increased capacity. Can be paired with two time slots for data transfer and used for corresponding One of the two training sequences in each of the bursts is transmitted as a time slot. Assign two training sequences to the target receiver. This means that the 4 time slot downlink can be reduced to a 2 time slot downlink, which saves the power and time of the receiver. Changing from 4 time slots to 2 time slots gives the remote station more time to perform other tasks, such as monitoring the NC, which will improve handover or HO.
可放寬關於多槽類別組態要求(諸如,Tra、Trb、Tta、Ttb-動態MAC及擴展之動態MAC模式規則)之指派的約束。此意謂網路存在更多選擇來伺服來自小區中之各個呼叫者之需求。此減少或最小化被拒絕之服務請求之數目。自網路觀點而言,此增加容量及輸送量。在不折衷QoS之情況下,每一使用者可使用較少資源。可伺服更多使用者。在一實例中,此可實施為網路側上之軟體改變,且遠端台123-127除其DARP能力之外經調適以接受額外TSC。網路訊務頻道指派之變化可增加容量-輸送量。即使當網路忙時,仍可節約上行鏈路網路資源之使用。可在遠端台123-127上節省功率。可達成較好之交遞效能及對指派資料呼叫之網路的較少限制以及改良之效能。 The constraints on the assignment of multi-slot class configuration requirements, such as Tra, Trb, Tta, Ttb-Dynamic MAC, and extended dynamic MAC mode rules, can be relaxed. This means that the network has more options to serve the needs of individual callers from the cell. This reduces or minimizes the number of rejected service requests. This increases capacity and throughput from a network perspective. Each user can use fewer resources without compromising QoS. Can serve more users. In an example, this can be implemented as a software change on the network side, and the remote stations 123-127 are adapted to accept additional TSCs in addition to their DARP capabilities. Changes in network traffic channel assignments can increase capacity-delivery. Even when the network is busy, the use of uplink network resources can be saved. Power can be saved on the remote stations 123-127. Better delivery performance and less restrictions on the network of assigned data calls and improved performance.
此外,可與雙載波一起使用本方法及裝置以改良效能。為了改良資料速率,存在分配雙載波之3GPP規格,MS(或UE或遠端台)可自雙載波同時獲得兩個ARFCN以便增加資料速率。因此,遠端台使用更多RF資源來獲得額外資料輸送量,其加劇上文所述之問題。 In addition, the method and apparatus can be used with dual carriers to improve performance. In order to improve the data rate, there is a 3GPP specification for allocating dual carriers, and the MS (or UE or remote station) can simultaneously acquire two ARFCNs from dual carriers in order to increase the data rate. Therefore, the remote station uses more RF resources to obtain additional data throughput, which exacerbates the problems described above.
本方法及裝置為對現有之具有DARP能力之組件的改良使得網路能夠使用co-TCH,亦即,同頻道(已使用之ARFCN)及同時槽(已使用之時槽),以伺服額外使用者且藉由將不同TSC指派至不同遠端台123-127而提供額外服務。藉由較為先進之SAIC接收器(例如,Qualcomm之eSAIC及eeSAIC),有可能針對相同ARFCN及時槽容納一第三或甚至第四使用者/服務。用以改良容量之一特徵係在co-TCH上使用多個 TSC,亦即,若兩個使用者/服務共用相同TCH,則使用兩個TSC,若三個使用者/服務共用相同TCH,則使用三個TSC。上文中所揭示之方法可用以利用此特徵用於GERAN聲音/資料呼叫。 The method and apparatus are improvements to existing DARP-capable components to enable the network to use co-TCH, that is, co-channel (ARFCN used) and simultaneous slots (time slots used) for additional servo use. Additional services are provided by assigning different TSCs to different remote stations 123-127. With more advanced SAIC receivers (eg, Qualcomm's eSAIC and eeSAIC), it is possible to accommodate a third or even fourth user/service for the same ARFCN time slot. One feature used to improve capacity is to use multiple on co-TCH TSC, that is, if two users/services share the same TCH, two TSCs are used, and if three users/services share the same TCH, three TSCs are used. The method disclosed above can be used to utilize this feature for GERAN voice/material calls.
藉由針對本方法及裝置之一槽上多使用者使用具有DARP能力之接收器的SAIC,兩個不同之訓練序列用於共用相同頻道之兩個遠端台。受評估之訓練序列之特性為自動相關及交叉相關。在此等特性中,交叉相關對本方法及裝置特別有用。藉由良好之交叉相關,DARP功能執行良好。兩個訓練序列之交叉相關可視為對相互正交之度量。簡言之,兩個訓練序列越相互正交,遠端台123-127之接收器越可易於區別一訓練序列與另一訓練序列。 Two different training sequences are used for two remote stations sharing the same channel by using a SAIC with a DARP capable receiver for multiple users on the slot of the method and apparatus. The characteristics of the trained training sequence are autocorrelated and cross-correlated. Among these characteristics, cross-correlation is particularly useful for the present method and apparatus. With good cross-correlation, the DARP function performs well. The cross-correlation of the two training sequences can be considered as a measure of mutual orthogonality. In short, the more orthogonal the two training sequences are, the easier it is for the receivers of the remote stations 123-127 to distinguish one training sequence from another.
交叉相關借助於已知為交叉相關比率之參數來量化。若兩個訓練序列完全不相關(其為實務上從未達成之理想情況),則訓練序列之間無交叉相關且兩個訓練序列之交叉相關比率為零。 Cross correlation is quantified by means of parameters known as cross correlation ratios. If the two training sequences are completely uncorrelated (which is an ideal situation that has never been achieved in practice), there is no cross-correlation between the training sequences and the cross-correlation ratio of the two training sequences is zero.
相比之下,若兩個訓練序列完全相關(其為同頻道及DARP操作之最差情況),則序列之間的交叉相關經最大化且兩個訓練序列之交叉相關比率為一(unity),亦即,等於一。 In contrast, if the two training sequences are fully correlated (which is the worst case for co-channel and DARP operations), the cross-correlation between the sequences is maximized and the cross-correlation ratio of the two training sequences is one (unity) That is, equal to one.
有可能使用展示於表4中之兩個不同現有訓練序列來區別MUROS呼叫中之使用者。表4揭示用於由第三代合作夥伴計劃(3GPP)標準設定組織公開之名為"Technical Specification 3rd Generation Partnership Project;Technical Specification Group GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network;Multiplexing and multiple access on the radio path(Release 4)"之技術規格文件3GPP TS 45.002 V4.8.0(2003-06)之5.2.3節中所識別的現有GSM系統的現有八個訓練序列。 It is possible to distinguish between users in a MUROS call using two different existing training sequences shown in Table 4. Table 4 discloses the name "Technical Specification 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network; Multiplexing and multiple access on the radio path (Release) for use by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standards setting organization. 4) The existing eight training sequences of the existing GSM system identified in section 5.2.3 of the Technical Specification Document 3GPP TS 45.002 V4.8.0 (2003-06).
然而,彼情形將減少用於頻率規劃之八個獨立訓練序列集合至四個配對之訓練序列集合,其可能對頻率規劃稍有限制。因此,本專利申請案識別可與界定於GERAN規格中之現有訓練序列一起運作之 訓練序列之以下兩個新集合。新集合為正交訓練序列之集合。現有訓練序列可用於舊有遠端台,而訓練序列之新集合可用於能夠執行此新特徵之新遠端台。 However, the situation would reduce the set of eight independent training sequences for frequency planning to the four paired training sequence sets, which may have slightly limited frequency planning. Thus, this patent application identification can operate with existing training sequences defined in the GERAN specification. The following two new collections of training sequences. The new set is a collection of orthogonal training sequences. The existing training sequence can be used for legacy remote stations, and a new set of training sequences can be used for new remote stations capable of performing this new feature.
所使用之新訓練序列具有特別有利之相關屬性,使得新訓練序列適合用於本方法及裝置之GSM實施中。已具體地選擇新序列以與展示於表4中之現有序列配對。將新序列列於下文之表5及表6中,且在下文中更詳細地描述該等新序列。雖然在自現有集合(展示於下文之表4中)選擇用於頻道共用之兩個序列之情況下,本方法及裝置將良好地操作,但已判定可借助於界定新的互補序列且將該等序列作為訓練序列與現有訓練序列結合使用來獲得較好的效能。 The new training sequence used has particularly advantageous correlation properties, making the new training sequence suitable for use in the GSM implementation of the method and apparatus. The new sequence has been specifically selected to pair with the existing sequences shown in Table 4. The new sequences are listed in Tables 5 and 6 below, and the new sequences are described in more detail below. While the method and apparatus will operate well in the context of selecting two sequences for channel sharing from an existing set (shown in Table 4 below), it has been determined that by defining a new complementary sequence and Equal sequences are used as training sequences in combination with existing training sequences to achieve better performance.
因此,在一實例中,藉由將本方法及裝置應用至GSM系統,一基地台110、111、114傳輸具有第一訓練序列之第一信號及包含第二訓練序列之第二信號,第二訓練序列為與第一訓練序列互補之新訓練序列。舉例而言,基地台110、111、114傳輸具有由碼TSC0識別之第一訓練序列(來自表4)之第一信號及包含由碼TSC0'識別之第二訓練序列(來自表5或6)之第二信號,第二訓練序列為與第一訓練序列TSC0互補之新訓練序列。第一訓練序列與第二、互補的新訓練序列之間的交叉相關比率非常低。由於此低交叉相關,當第一及第二訓練序列用於由DARP接收器同時接收之兩個信號時,已發現DARP接收器之效能為特別有利的。DARP接收器可較好地區別第一信號與第二信號且可較好地解調變第一信號同時拒絕第二信號,或解調變第二信號同時拒絕第一信號(視已為遠端台123-127分配兩個訓練序列中之哪一者用於通信而定)。 Therefore, in an example, by applying the method and apparatus to a GSM system, a base station 110, 111, 114 transmits a first signal having a first training sequence and a second signal including a second training sequence, and second The training sequence is a new training sequence that is complementary to the first training sequence. For example, base station 110, 111, 114 transmits a first signal having a first training sequence (from Table 4) identified by code TSC0 and a second training sequence identified by code TSC0' (from Table 5 or 6) The second signal, the second training sequence is a new training sequence complementary to the first training sequence TSC0. The cross-correlation ratio between the first training sequence and the second, complementary new training sequence is very low. Due to this low cross-correlation, the performance of the DARP receiver has been found to be particularly advantageous when the first and second training sequences are used for two signals received simultaneously by the DARP receiver. The DARP receiver can better distinguish the first signal from the second signal and can better demodulate the first signal while rejecting the second signal, or demodulate the second signal while rejecting the first signal (as far as the remote end Stations 123-127 assign which of the two training sequences is used for communication.
新序列在相對相應之現有訓練序列相關時具有在2/16與4/16之間的交叉相關比率。額外新序列之使用提供另一優點,藉此更多序列可用於每一小區或扇區中,從而對小區規劃給予較多靈活性及較少約 束。 The new sequence has a cross-correlation ratio between 2/16 and 4/16 when correlated with the corresponding existing training sequence. The use of additional new sequences provides another advantage whereby more sequences can be used in each cell or sector, giving more flexibility and less to the cell plan. bundle.
注意,當新訓練序列用於由遠端台123-127傳輸至基地台110、111、114之信號時,新訓練序列亦可提供效能益處。具有一具有DARP能力或類似先進效能之接收器的基地台110、111、114可較好地區別其在相同頻道上接收之兩個信號,每一信號由不同遠端台123-127傳輸。在一呼叫期間,由基地台110、111、114傳輸之用於呼叫的下行鏈路信號及由遠端台123-127傳輸之上行鏈路信號兩者通常將具有相同序列(對於GSM通常係如此)。 Note that the new training sequence can also provide performance benefits when the new training sequence is used for signals transmitted by the remote stations 123-127 to the base stations 110, 111, 114. A base station 110, 111, 114 having a receiver with DARP capability or similar advanced performance can better distinguish between two signals it receives on the same channel, each signal being transmitted by a different remote station 123-127. During a call, both the downlink signal for the call transmitted by the base stations 110, 111, 114 and the uplink signal transmitted by the remote stations 123-127 will typically have the same sequence (usually for GSM) ).
如上所述,表4展示用於GSM系統之八個現有訓練序列之集合。 訓練序列被標記為TSC0至TSC7。每一訓練序列具有26個位元(位元0至位元25)。在所有此等訓練序列中,訓練序列之最前五個位元及最後五個位元為訓練序列中其他處之五個位元之重複版本。舉例而言,TSC0訓練序列之最高有效五個位元(位元21至25)為00100,且此等位元在位元5至9處重複。TSC0訓練序列之最低有效位元(位元0至4)為10111,且此等位元在位元16至20處重複。由於此重複,通常將簡寫數字指派至每一訓練序列,儘管可替代地以十六進制(hex)形式表示簡寫數字,但將簡寫數字定義為由包括之位元5至20所形成之字的十進制值。因此,TSC0之串列數為十進制之47172,或十六進制(hex)之B844,如表中所展示。 As noted above, Table 4 shows a collection of eight existing training sequences for the GSM system. The training sequence is labeled as TSC0 to TSC7. Each training sequence has 26 bits (bit 0 to bit 25). In all of these training sequences, the first five bits and the last five bits of the training sequence are repeated versions of five other bits in the training sequence. For example, the most significant five bits (bits 21 through 25) of the TSC0 training sequence are 00100, and these bits are repeated at bits 5 through 9. The least significant bits (bits 0 through 4) of the TSC0 training sequence are 10111, and these bits are repeated at bits 16-20. Due to this repetition, a shorthand number is typically assigned to each training sequence, although the abbreviated number can alternatively be represented in hexadecimal (hex) form, but the abbreviated number is defined as the word formed by the included bits 5 through 20. The decimal value. Therefore, the number of serials of TSC0 is 47172 in decimal, or B844 in hexadecimal (hex), as shown in the table.
展示於表4中之訓練序列列於由第三代合作夥伴計劃(3GPP)標準設定組織公開之名為"Technical Specification 3rd Generation Partnership Project;Technical Specification Group GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network;Multiplexing and multiple access on the radio path (Release 4)"之技術規格文件3GPP TS 45.002 V4.8.0(2003-06)之5.2.3節中,且進一步論述於亦由第三代合作夥伴計劃(3GPP)標準設定組織公開之名為"Technical Specification 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network;Radio transmission and reception(Release 4)"之技術規格文件3GPP TS 45.005 V4.18.0(2005-11)中。 The training sequences shown in Table 4 are listed in the "Technical Specification 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network; Multiplexing and multiple access on" published by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standards setting organization. The radio path (Release 4)" technical specification document 3GPP TS 45.002 V4.8.0 (2003-06) in section 5.2.3, and further discussed in the third generation partnership project (3GPP) standard setting organization Named "Technical Specification 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network; Radio Transmission and reception (Release 4)" Technical Specification Document 3GPP TS 45.005 V4.18.0 (2005-11).
表5針對根據本方法及裝置之使用展示與展示於表4中之彼等訓練序列互補之新訓練序列之較佳集合。每一新訓練序列與現有訓練序列中之一者結合使用。將新的互補訓練序列標記為TSC0'至TSC7'。 TSC0'與TSC0結合使用,TSC1'與TSC1結合使用,等等。在應用本方法及裝置中,一基地台110、111、114在相同頻道上傳輸具有第一訓練序列(例如,TSC0)之第一信號及包含與第一訓練序列互補之第二訓練序列(例如,TSC0')之第二信號兩者。 Table 5 shows a preferred set of new training sequences that are complementary to the training sequences shown in Table 4 in accordance with the use of the method and apparatus. Each new training sequence is used in conjunction with one of the existing training sequences. New complementary training sequences are labeled TSC0' to TSC7'. TSC0' is used in combination with TSC0, TSC1' is used in combination with TSC1, and so on. In applying the method and apparatus, a base station 110, 111, 114 transmits a first signal having a first training sequence (e.g., TSC0) and a second training sequence complementary to the first training sequence on the same channel (e.g., , the second signal of TSC0').
具有合適屬性之新訓練序列之另一集合展示於表6中。此等訓練序列如上文所解釋與來自表4之其相應訓練序列一同使用。 Another set of new training sequences with suitable attributes is shown in Table 6. These training sequences are used as explained above in conjunction with their respective training sequences from Table 4.
若配對用於兩個同頻道信號(展示於表7中),則獲得改良之同頻道拒絕效能。展示於表7中之每一新訓練序列可來自表5或表6。 If pairing is used for two co-channel signals (shown in Table 7), improved co-channel rejection is obtained. Each of the new training sequences shown in Table 7 can be from Table 5 or Table 6.
或者,可藉由使用以下配對中之任一者獲得足夠效能:來自表4之任兩個訓練序列;來自表5之任兩個訓練序列;來自表6之任兩個訓練序列;來自表4至表6中之任一者之任兩個不同訓練序列。 Alternatively, sufficient performance can be obtained by using any of the following pairings: any two training sequences from Table 4; any two training sequences from Table 5; any two training sequences from Table 6; from Table 4 To any of the two different training sequences of any of Table 6.
因此,使用新訓練序列之步驟如下:當針對兩個使用者致能MUROS模式時,兩個使用者中之至少一者為知曉新訓練序列之具有MUROS及DARP能力之遠端台123-127。 Thus, the steps to use the new training sequence are as follows: When the MUROS mode is enabled for two users, at least one of the two users is a MUROS and DARP capable remote station 123-127 that is aware of the new training sequence.
可選擇運作樣式(working pattern)為0-0'、1-1'......,7-7',然而,除使用一訓練序列及其互補序列外之其他組合亦良好地運作。舉例而 言,1-2、1-2'可運作。然而,使用來自表4之訓練序列及其互補序列(諸如,1-1'及2-2')可能係較佳的。此係歸因於可適應於碼之改變的DARP迭代過程。 The working patterns can be selected to be 0-0', 1-1'..., 7-7', however, other combinations besides using a training sequence and its complementary sequences work well. For example Words, 1-2, 1-2' can work. However, it may be preferred to use the training sequences from Table 4 and their complementary sequences, such as 1-1' and 2-2'. This is due to the DARP iterative process that can be adapted to changes in the code.
訓練序列不同為理想的,使得交叉相關為低的。 The training sequences are ideally different, making the cross-correlation low.
除非將界定額外訓練序列碼,否則使用額外訓練序列導致遠端台123-127側上實施之最小(若存在)改變。使用額外訓練序列碼為本co-TCH方法及裝置之改良。 The use of an additional training sequence results in a minimal (if any) change implemented on the remote station 123-127 side unless an additional training sequence code is to be defined. The use of additional training sequence codes is an improvement of the co-TCH method and apparatus.
對遠端台123-127側之影響為: 界定正交訓練序列碼之新集合。現有訓練序列可用於舊有遠端台,而訓練序列之新集合可用於能夠執行此新特徵之新遠端台123-127。 The effect on the side of the remote station 123-127 is: A new set of orthogonal training sequence codes is defined. Existing training sequences can be used for legacy remote stations, and a new set of training sequences can be used for new remote stations 123-127 capable of performing this new feature.
因此,除了具有DARP能力之外,遠端台123-127亦支援新訓練序列碼。 Therefore, in addition to having the DARP capability, the remote stations 123-127 also support the new training sequence code.
對網路側之影響為:網路將兩個不同之訓練序列指派至co-TCH使用者。若界定新訓練序列,則網路可將此等新訓練序列指派至支援新訓練序列集合之遠端台123-127且將舊有訓練序列指派至舊有遠端台123-127。 The effect on the network side is that the network assigns two different training sequences to the co-TCH user. If a new training sequence is defined, the network can assign these new training sequences to the remote stations 123-127 that support the new training sequence set and assign the old training sequences to the old remote stations 123-127.
圖15為說明本方法採用之步驟的流程圖。在方法1501開始之後,在步驟1502中作出關於是否在基地台110、111、114與一遠端台123-127之間建置新連接之決策。若回答為否,則方法退回至開始步驟1501且重複上文之步驟。當回答為是時,則建置新連接。接著在步驟1503中作出關於是否存在一未使用頻道(亦即,任一頻道頻率之未使用時槽)的決策。若已使用或未使用頻道頻率上存在未使用時槽,則在步驟1504中分配新時槽。方法接著退回至開始步驟1501且重複上文之步驟。 Figure 15 is a flow chart illustrating the steps employed by the method. After the method 1501 begins, a decision is made in step 1502 as to whether a new connection is established between the base stations 110, 111, 114 and a remote station 123-127. If the answer is no, the method returns to the start step 1501 and the above steps are repeated. When the answer is yes, a new connection is created. A decision is then made in step 1503 as to whether there is an unused channel (i.e., an unused slot of any channel frequency). If there are unused time slots on the used or unused channel frequencies, a new time slot is allocated in step 1504. The method then returns to start step 1501 and the above steps are repeated.
當最終不再存在未使用時槽時(因為所有時槽均用於連接),對步 驟1503之問題的回答為否,且方法前進至步驟1505。在步驟1505中,為新連接選擇一已使用時槽以與現有連接共用。 When there are no longer unused slots (because all time slots are used for the connection), the step The answer to the question of step 1503 is no, and the method proceeds to step 1505. In step 1505, a used time slot is selected for the new connection to be shared with the existing connection.
在已為新連接選擇了頻道頻率上之已使用時槽以連同現有連接一起共用的情況下,接著在步驟1506中為新連接選擇互補訓練序列(與由槽之當前使用者所使用之訓練序列互補)。方法接著退回至開始步驟1501且重複上文之步驟。 Where the used time slot on the channel frequency has been selected for the new connection to be shared with the existing connection, then in step 1506 a complementary training sequence is selected for the new connection (with the training sequence used by the current user of the slot) Complementary). The method then returns to start step 1501 and the above steps are repeated.
揭示於此專利申請案中之本方法可作為可執行指令儲存於軟體961中,軟體961儲存於記憶體962中,該等指令藉由如圖16中所展示之BTS中的處理器960執行。該等方法亦可作為可執行指令儲存於軟體中,該軟體儲存於記憶體中,該等指令藉由BSC中之處理器執行。遠端台123-127使用其被指示使用之訓練序列。 The method disclosed in this patent application can be stored as executable instructions in software 961, which is stored in memory 962, which is executed by processor 960 in the BTS as shown in FIG. The methods may also be stored in the software as executable instructions, the software being stored in memory, the instructions being executed by a processor in the BSC. The remote stations 123-127 use the training sequence they are instructed to use.
TSC之新建議集合:QCOM7+QCOM8 TSC's new recommended collection: QCOM7+QCOM8
如上所述,已識別訓練序列之兩個新集合QCOM7+QCOM8,其可與GSM規格中所識別的以上現有訓練序列一起運作。QCOM7對應於表5且QCOM8對應於表6。建議將序列之兩個新集合用於將來的MUROS操作。配對為:於GSM/EDGE規格中識別之訓練序列與QCOM7訓練序列,及於GSM/EDGE規格中識別之訓練序列與QCOM8訓練序列。 As mentioned above, two new sets QCOM7+QCOM8 of the training sequence have been identified, which can operate with the above existing training sequences identified in the GSM specification. QCOM7 corresponds to Table 5 and QCOM8 corresponds to Table 6. It is recommended to use two new sets of sequences for future MUROS operations. The pairing is: the training sequence and QCOM7 training sequence identified in the GSM/EDGE specification, and the training sequence and QCOM8 training sequence identified in the GSM/EDGE specification.
兩個群組中存在訓練序列位元之一些複製。當兩個群組與在GSM/EDGE規格中識別之訓練序列配對時,該等群組執行良好。如上文所論述,當針對兩個使用者致能MUROS模式時,可選擇運作樣式為:0-0'、1-1'......、7-7'。 There are some copies of the training sequence bits in both groups. When two groups are paired with the training sequence identified in the GSM/EDGE specification, the groups perform well. As discussed above, when the MUROS mode is enabled for two users, the operational modes can be selected as: 0-0', 1-1'..., 7-7'.
表8為當使用訓練序列之新集合及舊有訓練序列執行測試時所使用之參數的測試組態概要。圖17-18含有測試結果,且圖19-34為效能曲線圖。 Table 8 is a summary of the test configuration of the parameters used when performing tests using a new set of training sequences and an old training sequence. Figures 17-18 contain test results and Figures 19-34 are performance plots.
當前,根據先前技術,存在經界定之八個訓練序列,且如上文所描述,此等訓練序列用以提供跨越不同小區之不同使用者之間而非相同小區內之不同使用者之間的分離。 Currently, according to the prior art, there are eight defined training sequences, and as described above, these training sequences are used to provide separation between different users across different cells rather than between different users within the same cell. .
相比之下,根據MUROS操作,每一小區具有兩個訓練序列提供相同小區內之兩個使用者之分離的能力。在MUROS中,界定八個訓練序列之至少一新集合。若遠端台支援新訓練序列集合,則遠端台指示至網路(經由BS)。現有發信號訊息含有用以告知遠端台八個訓練序列中之哪一者用於通信鏈路之三個位元。增強發信號訊息使得亦可用信號發送使用訓練序列之兩個集合中之哪一者至遠端台。 In contrast, according to MUROS operation, each cell has two training sequences that provide the separation of two users within the same cell. In MUROS, at least one new set of eight training sequences is defined. If the remote station supports a new set of training sequences, the remote station indicates to the network (via the BS). The existing signaling message contains three bits that are used to inform the remote station which of the eight training sequences is used for the communication link. The enhanced signaling message may also signal which of the two sets of training sequences to use to the remote station.
根據本方法及裝置,界定一機制用於用信號發送訓練序列集合資訊至遠端台,其中發信號訊息自身之大小並未增加。根據本方法及裝置,若遠端台支援訓練序列之新集合,則遠端台經由諸如類別標記3發信號之機制用信號發送至網路。(參見圖36中之流程圖之步驟1710)。一旦網路知曉MS支援用於一通信頻道訓練序列之一個以上集合,則網路可決定遠端台應使用訓練序列之哪一集合用於正建立之通
信頻道。根據本方法及裝置,稱作頻道描述(界定於3GPP TS 44.018之10.5.2.5節中)之現有資訊元素經修改以用信號發送待由遠端台用於正建立之通信頻道的訓練序列集合。(參見圖36中之流程圖之步驟1720)。頻道描述具有稱作頻道類型及TDMA偏移之5位元欄位。頻道類型及TDMA偏移欄位之當前編碼如下:
如可自頻道類型及TDMA偏移欄位之編碼看出,第五位元(在位元位置8中)始終具有值0。 As can be seen from the coding of the channel type and the TDMA offset field, the fifth bit (in bit position 8) always has a value of zero.
本方法及裝置使用第五位元來指示行動裝置將使用哪一訓練序列集合用於訊務頻道。此方法及裝置之優點為此資訊之可靠性與現有控制訊息一致且在規格中之一處作出改變以適應所有電路交換指派訊息。 The method and apparatus use a fifth bit to indicate which training sequence set the mobile device will use for the traffic channel. The advantages of this method and apparatus are that the reliability of this information is consistent with existing control messages and changes are made at one of the specifications to accommodate all circuit switched assignment messages.
頻道類型及TDMA偏移欄位之建議的新編碼如下表10中所展示。
S位元指示如下使用訓練序列集合:S The S bit indicates the use of the training sequence set as follows: S
0將使用舊有訓練序列集合 0 will use the old training sequence set
1將使用替代/新訓練序列集合。 1 will use the alternative/new training sequence set.
若遠端台並不支援替代/新訓練序列集合且將位元S設定為1,則遠端台應以原因"頻道模式不可接受"而返回"ASSIGNMENT FAILURE(指派失敗)"。 If the remote station does not support the substitute/new training sequence set and sets the bit S to 1, the remote station shall return "ASSIGNMENT FAILURE" for the reason "channel mode is unacceptable".
在一或多個例示性實施例中,所述之功能可以硬體、軟體、韌體、或其任一組合來實施。若以軟體實施,則該等功能可作為一或多個指令或碼在一電腦可讀媒體上儲存或傳輸。電腦可讀媒體包括電腦儲存媒體及通信媒體(包括促進電腦程式自一處轉移至另一處之任何媒體)兩者。儲存媒體可為可由通用或專用電腦存取之任何可用媒體。借助於實例且非限制,此電腦可讀媒體可包含RAM、ROM、EEPROM、CD-ROM或其他光學碟片儲存裝置、磁碟儲存裝置或其他磁性儲存裝置,或可用於以指令或資料結構之形式載運或儲存所要程式碼構件且可由通用或專用電腦或通用或專用處理器存取的任何其他媒體。又,任何連接恰當地稱為電腦可讀媒體。舉例而言,若使用同軸電纜、光纖電纜、雙絞線、數位用戶線(DSL),或諸如紅外、無線電及微波之無線技術自網站、伺服器或其他遠端源傳輸軟體,則同軸電纜、光纖電纜、雙絞線、DSL,或諸如紅外、無線電及微波之無線技術包括在媒體的定義中。如本文所用之磁碟及光碟包括緊密光碟(CD)、雷射光碟、光碟、數位化通用光碟(DVD)、軟性磁碟及藍光光碟,其中磁碟通常以磁性方式再生資料,而光碟用雷射以光學方式再生資料。上文中之組合亦應包括在電腦可讀媒體之範疇內。 In one or more exemplary embodiments, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media (including any media that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another). The storage medium can be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. By way of example and not limitation, the computer-readable medium can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage device, disk storage device or other magnetic storage device, or can be used in an instruction or data structure. Any other medium that carries or stores the desired code components and that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer or a general purpose or special purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if you use coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair cable, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technology such as infrared, radio, and microwave to transmit software from a website, server, or other remote source, then coaxial cable, Fiber optic cables, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of the media. Disks and optical discs as used herein include compact discs (CDs), laser discs, compact discs, digital versatile discs (DVDs), flexible discs, and Blu-ray discs, where the discs are typically magnetically regenerated and the discs are regenerated. The optical reproduction of the data. Combinations of the above should also be included in the context of computer readable media.
可藉由各種構件實施本文所描述之方法。舉例而言,可以硬體、韌體、軟體或其組合來實施此等方法。對於硬體實施,用以偵測ACI,對I及Q樣本進行濾波,消除CCI等等之處理單元可實施於一或多個特殊應用積體電路(ASIC)、數位信號處理器(DSP)、數位信號處理裝置(DSPD)、可程式化邏輯裝置(PLD)、場可程式化閘陣列 (FPGA)、處理器、控制器、微控制器、微處理器、電子裝置、經設計以執行本文所描述之功能之其他電子單元、電腦,或其組合內。 The methods described herein can be implemented by a variety of components. For example, such methods can be implemented in hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For hardware implementation, processing units for filtering ACI, filtering I and Q samples, eliminating CCI, etc. can be implemented in one or more special application integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), Digital signal processing device (DSPD), programmable logic device (PLD), field programmable gate array (FPGA), processor, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, electronics, other electronic unit designed to perform the functions described herein, a computer, or a combination thereof.
提供本揭示案之先前描述以使任何熟習此項技術者能夠製造或使用本揭示案。本揭示案之各種修改對於熟習此項技術者將顯而易見,且本文中所界定之一般原理可在未脫離本揭示案之精神或範疇情況下應用於其他變型。因此,期望本揭示案不限於本文中所描述之實例,而應符合與本文中所揭示之原理及新穎特徵一致的最廣範疇。 The previous description of the disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. The various modifications of the present disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Therefore, it is intended that the present disclosure not be limited to the examples described herein, but in the broadest scope of the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
一般熟習此項技術者將理解,可使用各種不同技藝及技術中的任一者來表示資訊及信號。舉例而言,可由電壓、電流、電磁波、磁場或粒子、光場或粒子,或其任何組合來表示可遍及上文描述所引用之資料、指令、命令、資訊、信號、位元、符號及碼片。 Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that information and signals may be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and codes that may be referenced throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, light fields or particles, or any combination thereof. sheet.
一般熟習此項技術者將進一步瞭解,結合本文所揭示之實施例所描述之各種說明性邏輯區塊、模組、電路及演算法步驟可實施為電子硬體、電腦軟體或兩者之組合。為清楚說明硬體與軟體之此可互換性,上文已大體上在其功能性方面描述了各種說明性組件、區塊、模組、電路及步驟。此功能性係實施為硬體或係軟體視特定應用及強加於整個系統上之設計約束而定。熟習此項技術者可針對每一特定應用以不同方式實施所描述之功能性,但此等實施決策不應被解釋為會引起脫離本發明之範疇。 It will be further appreciated by those skilled in the art that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented as an electronic hardware, a computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. This functionality is implemented as hardware or software depending on the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. The described functionality may be implemented in a different manner for each particular application, and such implementation decisions should not be construed as causing a departure from the scope of the invention.
結合本文中所揭示之實施例所描述的各種說明性邏輯區塊、模組及電路可用通用處理器、數位信號處理器(DSP)、特殊應用積體電路(ASIC)、場可程式化閘陣列(FPGA)或其他可程式化邏輯裝置、離散閘或電晶體邏輯、離散硬體組件或其經設計以執行本文所述功能之任何組合來實施或執行。通用處理器可為微處理器,但在替代方案中,處理器可為任何習知處理器、控制器、微控制器或狀態機。亦可將處理器實施為計算裝置之組合,例如,DSP與微處理器之組合、複 數個微處理器、結合DSP核心之一或多個微處理器或任何其他此組態。 Various illustrative logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented by general purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), special application integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays. (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, Several microprocessors, one or more microprocessor cores or any other such configuration.
結合本文所揭示之實施例而描述之方法或演算法的步驟可直接體現於硬體、由處理器執行之軟體模組或兩者之組合中。一軟體模組可駐留於隨機存取記憶體(RAM)、快閃記憶體、唯讀記憶體(ROM)、電子可程式ROM(EPROM)、電子可擦除可程式化ROM(EEPROM)、暫存器、硬碟、抽取式碟、CD-ROM或此項技術中已知之任何其他形式的儲存媒體中。將一例示性儲存媒體耦接至處理器,使得處理器可自儲存媒體讀取資訊及將資訊寫入儲存媒體。在替代方案中,儲存媒體可整合至處理器。處理器及儲存媒體可駐留於ASIC中。ASIC可駐留於使用者終端機中。在替代方案中,處理器及儲存媒體可作為離散組件而駐留於使用者終端機中。 The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in a hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of both. A software module can reside in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read only memory (ROM), electronically programmable ROM (EPROM), electronically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), temporary A memory, hard drive, removable disc, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write the information to the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium can be integrated into the processor. The processor and the storage medium can reside in an ASIC. The ASIC can reside in the user terminal. In the alternative, the processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in the user terminal.
因此,本發明僅根據下述申請專利範圍而受到限制。 Accordingly, the invention is limited only by the scope of the following claims.
401‧‧‧第一資料源 401‧‧‧First source of information
402‧‧‧第二資料源 402‧‧‧Second source of information
403‧‧‧序列產生器 403‧‧‧Sequence Generator
404‧‧‧第一序列 404‧‧‧First sequence
405‧‧‧第二序列 405‧‧‧Second sequence
406‧‧‧第一組合器 406‧‧‧First combiner
407‧‧‧第二組合器 407‧‧‧Second combiner
408‧‧‧第一組合資料 408‧‧‧First combination data
409‧‧‧第二組合資料 409‧‧‧Second combination data
410‧‧‧傳輸器調變器 410‧‧‧Transmitter modulator
411‧‧‧第一載波頻率 411‧‧‧First carrier frequency
412‧‧‧第一時槽 412‧‧‧ first time slot
413‧‧‧第一經調變之信號 413‧‧‧ First modulated signal
414‧‧‧第二經調變之信號 414‧‧‧Second modulated signal
415‧‧‧RF前端 415‧‧‧RF front end
416‧‧‧天線 416‧‧‧Antenna
417‧‧‧天線 417‧‧‧Antenna
421‧‧‧振盪器 421‧‧‧Oscillator
424‧‧‧第一資料 424‧‧‧ First information
425‧‧‧第二資料 425‧‧‧Second information
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US7103115B2 (en) * | 2001-05-21 | 2006-09-05 | At&T Corp. | Optimum training sequences for wireless systems |
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US8422955B2 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2013-04-16 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Channel estimation for interference cancellation |
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