TW201409037A - Compensating circuit having programmable capacitance array for measuring AC voltage - Google Patents
Compensating circuit having programmable capacitance array for measuring AC voltage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本發明是有關於一種補償電路。特別是有關於一種用於交流電壓量測並具有可程式化電容陣列的補償電路。 The invention relates to a compensation circuit. In particular, there is a compensation circuit for AC voltage measurement and having a programmable capacitor array.
交流電壓計是一種日常生活非常普遍使用的設備。傳統上,交流電壓計使用具有大阻抗及包括數個電容器的電阻分壓器。自然地,該交流電壓計會成為低通濾波器。對於具有高於500 Hz以上的頻率的交流電源而言,因為信號強度衰減,量測的結果精確度不高。 An AC voltmeter is a device that is very common in everyday life. Traditionally, AC voltmeters use a resistor divider with large impedance and including several capacitors. Naturally, the AC voltmeter becomes a low pass filter. For AC power supplies with frequencies above 500 Hz, the accuracy of the measurements is not as high due to signal strength degradation.
請見第1A圖與第1B圖。第1A圖顯示一種傳統設計的交流電壓計,該交流電壓計包括二個用來當作電阻分壓器的電阻R1與R2及一電容器C1,形成一偵測單元以獲得該交流電壓,用作進一步的量測。第1B圖顯示該信號強度如何隨著交流電源的頻率而改變。很明顯地,該信號強度在1 kHz以上衰減。當頻率超過10 kHz,該交流電壓計便難以使用於交流電壓的量測。 See Figures 1A and 1B. Figure 1A shows a conventionally designed AC voltmeter comprising two resistors R1 and R2 and a capacitor C1 for use as a resistor divider to form a detection unit to obtain the AC voltage for use as Further measurement. Figure 1B shows how this signal strength changes with the frequency of the AC power source. Obviously, the signal strength is attenuated above 1 kHz. When the frequency exceeds 10 kHz, the AC voltmeter is difficult to use for the measurement of the AC voltage.
對於某些高階交流電壓計,該偵測單元需要被良好地設計以減緩上述情況的發生。請參閱第2A圖與第2B圖,二個電容器C2與Cs被使用與設計中,其中Cs是一可變電容器。從而,如此的設計能用以量測較寬廣頻率的交流電壓源。 For some high-order AC voltmeters, the detection unit needs to be well designed to mitigate this. Referring to Figures 2A and 2B, two capacitors C2 and Cs are used in the design, where Cs is a variable capacitor. Thus, such a design can be used to measure a wide frequency AC voltage source.
傳統上,依照交流電壓源不同頻率,可實現該可變電容 器的一種補償頻率的方法乃是手動改變該交流電壓計的外部電容器。然而,當電容值藉由跳線而改變,將會造成額外的銲錫殘留。因為如溫度及溼度等的問題,電容值會容易地造成不穩定現象。外部電容器的電容值,也將因具有不同修正值的不同批次PCB而被影響。如果該交流電壓計需要藉由產線員工在組裝完成後進行最後調整,該產品的成本會上升而精度會下降。 Traditionally, the variable capacitor can be implemented according to different frequencies of the AC voltage source. One way to compensate for the frequency is to manually change the external capacitor of the AC voltmeter. However, when the capacitance value is changed by a jumper, additional solder residue is caused. Because of problems such as temperature and humidity, the capacitance value can easily cause instability. The capacitance value of the external capacitor will also be affected by different batches of PCBs with different correction values. If the AC voltmeter needs to be finalized by the line staff after assembly, the cost of the product will increase and the accuracy will decrease.
歐洲專利公開號第EP2,386,868號思及克服上述問題的方法:應用一已知的伏特信號,跨越一第一與第二輸入至一電容分壓器電路;量測跨越一第三電容器的一第一與第二板的一伏特值;決定一轉換功能,該轉換功能將被運作以改變該量測之伏特值;與該決定的轉換功能一起配置該補償電路;及與該伏特量測電路一同量測一高壓交流電信號,這樣一來該補償電路可執行以改變接收於輸入、符合該決定的轉換功能的一伏特值,且提供該改變的電壓值於其輸出。 European Patent Publication No. EP 2,386,868, which is directed to a method for overcoming the above problems: applying a known volt signal across a first and second input to a capacitive voltage divider circuit; measuring one across a third capacitor a first volt value of the first and second plates; determining a conversion function that is to be operated to change the measured volt value; configuring the compensation circuit with the determined conversion function; and the volt measurement circuit A high voltage alternating current signal is measured together such that the compensation circuit can perform a change in the one volt value of the switching function received in response to the decision and provide the changed voltage value at its output.
儘管該轉換功能與補償電路能被使用以獲得一高交流電壓較精確之結果,但它不能被應用到較小範圍的伏特數值上。 Although the conversion function and the compensation circuit can be used to obtain a more accurate result of a high AC voltage, it cannot be applied to a smaller range of volt values.
因此,一種交流電壓計能於寬廣頻率範圍內量測電壓,亟持研究開發。 Therefore, an AC voltmeter can measure voltage over a wide frequency range and maintain research and development.
本段文字提取和編譯本發明的部分特色;其他特色將被 描述於後續段落裏。它的目的是涵蓋包含於其後專利範圍的精神與範圍中,不同的潤飾與相似的安排方式。 This paragraph of text extracts and compiles some features of the present invention; other features will be Described in the following paragraphs. Its purpose is to cover the spirit and scope of the subsequent patent scope, different retouching and similar arrangements.
依照本發明的一個樣態,一種補償電路,包含:一對第一導線,用以連接至一交流電路;一可變電容器,電連接至該第一導線,用以依照一可程式化電容陣列,提供不同電容值;及一控制單元,電連接至該第一導線,用以依照一外部指令,改變該可變電容器的電容值為該可程式化電容陣列的一電容之電容值。 According to one aspect of the invention, a compensation circuit includes: a pair of first wires for connecting to an AC circuit; and a variable capacitor electrically connected to the first wire for conforming to a programmable capacitor array And providing a different capacitance value; and a control unit electrically connected to the first wire for changing a capacitance value of the variable capacitor according to an external command to a capacitance value of a capacitor of the programmable capacitor array.
根據本案構想,該控制單元進一步包含一對第二導線,用以接收該外部指令。 According to the present concept, the control unit further includes a pair of second wires for receiving the external command.
根據本案構想,該外部指令由在一筆記型電腦或桌上型電腦內的軟體所提供。 According to the concept of the present invention, the external command is provided by software in a notebook computer or a desktop computer.
根據本案構想,該可程式化電容陣列提供不同電容值,該電容值相當於,其中該ACC[n]為一BIT陣列,包含數字0與1,m為一參數,m為一遞歸參數,Cap為一單位電容,且電容值的單位為皮法拉(pF)。 According to the present concept, the programmable capacitor array provides different capacitance values, which is equivalent to Where ACC[n] is a BIT array containing numbers 0 and 1, m is a parameter, m is a recursive parameter, Cap is a unit capacitance, and the capacitance value is in the form of a picofarad (pF).
根據本案構想,該單位電容(Cap)在不同晶圓製程中有不同的值。 According to the present concept, the unit capacitor (Cap) has different values in different wafer processes.
根據本案構想,該單位電容(Cap)為0.2。 According to the present concept, the unit capacitance (Cap) is 0.2.
本發明將參照下述實施例而更明確地描述。請注意本發明的實施例的以下描述,僅止於描述用途;這不意味為 本發明已詳盡的描述或限制於該揭露之形式。 The invention will be more clearly described with reference to the following examples. Please note that the following description of embodiments of the invention is only intended to describe the application; this is not meant to be The invention has been described or illustrated in detail in the form of the disclosure.
本發明的一實施例描繪於第3圖至第6圖。第3圖顯示本發明的一實施例。第4圖描繪如何將該實施例應用至一交流電壓計。第5圖顯示一可程式化電容陣列的結構。第6圖條列依照本發明以操作一種電容的流程。 An embodiment of the invention is depicted in Figures 3 through 6. Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the invention. Figure 4 depicts how this embodiment can be applied to an AC voltmeter. Figure 5 shows the structure of a programmable capacitor array. Figure 6 shows the flow of operating a capacitor in accordance with the present invention.
請參閱第3圖。依照本實施例,一補償電路10包括一對第一導線101、一可變電容器102、一控制單元103及一對第二導線104。該第一導線101用以連接至一交流電路(未繪示)。此處要強調的是第一導線101與該交流電路的連接方式,可以是直接或間接的。直接的方式是接觸該交流電路而其間無其他如電阻的元件。否則,依照本發明的精神,在第一導線101與該交流電路間是可以存在其他的元件。 Please refer to Figure 3. According to the embodiment, a compensation circuit 10 includes a pair of first wires 101, a variable capacitor 102, a control unit 103, and a pair of second wires 104. The first wire 101 is used to connect to an alternating current circuit (not shown). What is emphasized here is the manner in which the first wire 101 is connected to the alternating current circuit, either directly or indirectly. The direct way is to contact the AC circuit without any other components such as resistors in between. Otherwise, other elements may be present between the first wire 101 and the alternating current circuit in accordance with the spirit of the present invention.
該可變電容器102電連接至該第一導線101,依照一可程式化電容陣列,它可提供不同的電容值。該控制單元103電連接至該第一導線101,用以依照一外部指令,改變該可變電容器的電容值為該可程式化電容陣列的一電容。第二導線104能接受自外部傳來的該外部指令,應當注意到的是該外部指令由一在筆記型電腦或桌上型電腦內的軟體所提供。在本實施例中,藉由裝設在一桌上型電腦20裏的軟體,使用者能下命令於該控制單元103,以自該可變電容器102得到不同的電容值。如果可行,在虛線內的元件,能被整合製造於一積體電路(IC)中,以為模組化之應用。 The variable capacitor 102 is electrically coupled to the first lead 101 and provides a different capacitance value in accordance with a programmable capacitor array. The control unit 103 is electrically connected to the first wire 101 for changing the capacitance of the variable capacitor to a capacitance of the programmable capacitor array according to an external command. The second wire 104 can accept the external command from the outside, it should be noted that the external command is provided by a software in a notebook or desktop computer. In the present embodiment, by the software installed in a desktop computer 20, the user can command the control unit 103 to obtain different capacitance values from the variable capacitor 102. If feasible, the components within the dashed line can be integrated into an integrated circuit (IC) for modular application.
在詳述該補償電路10的運作前,請參閱第4圖。該圖描繪補償電路10是如何應用於第2A圖的例子中。將所有在第2A圖中的原件,除了被置換的電容器Cs,置入第4圖。人們可以很輕易地了解補償電路10經由該第一導線101連接至現有交流電壓計,且使用該第二導線104接收來自桌上型電腦20的指令。反之,補償電路10扮演了同第2A圖中可變電容器Cs的角色。 Before describing the operation of the compensation circuit 10, please refer to FIG. This figure depicts how the compensation circuit 10 is applied to the example of FIG. 2A. All the originals in Fig. 2A are placed in Fig. 4 except for the replaced capacitor Cs. One can easily understand that the compensation circuit 10 is connected to an existing AC voltmeter via the first wire 101 and uses the second wire 104 to receive an instruction from the desktop computer 20. On the contrary, the compensation circuit 10 plays the same role as the variable capacitor Cs in Fig. 2A.
請參閱第5圖與第6圖。該可程式化電容陣列提供不同電容值,相當於方程式的值。M為一遞歸參數。當不同的變數變換時,它用來描述一數學計算狀態。ACC[n]是一個BIT陣列。如第5圖所示,它包含了一系列的0與1。N值由0變換至6,BIT值也跟著變換。因此,每一個ACC[n]值能為0X0000000至0X1111111其中之一。總計27,128個陣列能被用於獲得不同的電容值。M為一參數。在此實施例中,m為6。Cap是一單位電容。實作中,0.2是一較佳的數值。依照本發明的精神,單位電容Cap在不同晶圓製程中有不同的值。它不限於0.2。依照本實施例,電容值的單位是皮法拉(pF)。 Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6. The programmable capacitor array provides different capacitance values, equivalent to the equation Value. M is a recursive parameter. It is used to describe a mathematical calculation state when different variables are transformed. ACC[n] is a BIT array. As shown in Figure 5, it contains a series of 0s and 1. The value of N is changed from 0 to 6, and the BIT value is also changed. Therefore, each ACC[n] value can be one of 0X0000000 to 0X1111111. A total of 27,128 arrays can be used to obtain different capacitance values. M is a parameter. In this embodiment, m is 6. Cap is a unit capacitor. In practice, 0.2 is a preferred value. In accordance with the spirit of the present invention, the unit capacitance Cap has different values in different wafer processes. It is not limited to 0.2. According to this embodiment, the unit of the capacitance value is a picofarad (pF).
請參閱第6圖,在一表中列示了運作電容值的過程。當依使用者使用桌上型電腦20以下達指令於該補償電路10,他能自螢幕上很簡單地選取ACC[n]中的任一陣列,且傳送此決定至該控制單元103,一電容值就此獲得。ACC[n]選取為0X1010101。運算的總合為91.2。即91.2 pF由補償電路10所提供。 Please refer to Figure 6, which shows the process of operating the capacitance value in a table. When the user uses the desktop computer 20 to command the compensation circuit 10, he can simply select any one of the ACC[n] from the screen and transmit the decision to the control unit 103, a capacitor. The value is obtained. ACC[n] is selected as 0X1010101. The sum of the operations is 91.2. That is, 91.2 pF is provided by the compensation circuit 10.
應當理解的是本發明的應用乃是使用一晶片組內的電容器數位可程式化陣列。使用者藉由桌上型電腦、筆記型電腦或其他設備來點擊螢幕而使用該軟體,以正確地微調補償電容器之值。它具有免於因手動取代外接電容器而造成的缺點之好處。 It should be understood that the application of the present invention is to use a capacitor digitally programmable array within a wafer set. The user uses the software by clicking on the screen with a desktop computer, laptop or other device to properly fine tune the value of the compensation capacitor. It has the advantage of being free from the disadvantages of manually replacing external capacitors.
雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可作些許之更動與潤飾,因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can make some modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.
10‧‧‧補償電路 10‧‧‧Compensation circuit
101‧‧‧第一導線 101‧‧‧First wire
102‧‧‧可變電容器 102‧‧‧Variable Capacitors
103‧‧‧控制單元 103‧‧‧Control unit
104‧‧‧第二導線 104‧‧‧Second wire
20‧‧‧桌上型電腦 20‧‧‧ desktop computer
第1A圖顯示一種習知的交流電壓計。 Figure 1A shows a conventional AC voltmeter.
第1B圖為該習知的交流電壓計之信號強度與頻率關係。 Figure 1B is a diagram showing the relationship between signal strength and frequency of the conventional AC voltmeter.
第2A圖顯示另一種習知的交流電壓計。 Figure 2A shows another conventional AC voltmeter.
第2B圖為另一習知的交流電壓計之信號強度與頻率關係。 Figure 2B is a diagram showing the relationship between signal strength and frequency of another conventional AC voltmeter.
第3圖顯示本發明的一實施例。 Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the invention.
第4圖描繪如何將該實施例應用至一交流電壓計。 Figure 4 depicts how this embodiment can be applied to an AC voltmeter.
第5圖顯示一BIT陣列的結構。 Figure 5 shows the structure of a BIT array.
第6圖條列依照本發明以操作一種電容的流程。 Figure 6 shows the flow of operating a capacitor in accordance with the present invention.
10‧‧‧補償電路 10‧‧‧Compensation circuit
101‧‧‧第一導線 101‧‧‧First wire
102‧‧‧可變電容器 102‧‧‧Variable Capacitors
103‧‧‧控制單元 103‧‧‧Control unit
104‧‧‧第二導線 104‧‧‧Second wire
20‧‧‧桌上型電腦 20‧‧‧ desktop computer
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