TW201319564A - Rapid detection and sampling apparatus and method for underwater volatile organic substance and odor substance - Google Patents

Abstract

A rapid detection sampling apparatus and method for underwater volatile organic substance and odor substance are disclosed. Firstly, water sample of water body to be tested is guided into a water sample tank, and air current is entered into the water sample tank. Then a direct-reading detector is utilized to measure the concentration of gaseous contaminant volatilized by the water sample. The concentration of the gaseous contaminant is determined whether it exceeds a predetermined concentration or not. A action signal is sent when it exceeds the predetermined concentration for ordering a sampling apparatus to carry out collection of water sample or considered as action signal of automatic control equipment; since there is a positive correlation between contaminant concentration of water body and the concentration of volatilized gaseous contaminant, the method can determine whether water body is polluted conveniently and rapidly while immediate water body collection can be carried out.

Description

Rapid detection and sampling device and method for volatile organic compounds and odor substances in water

The invention relates to water pollution detection technology, in particular to a rapid sampling detection device and method for determining the timing of water sample collection by using the concentration of gas pollutants volatilized by water bodies.

Industrial wastewater causes quite serious pollution problems; however, in the current analysis technology, the determination of the concentration of volatile organic pollutants in the water body needs to be taken back to the laboratory by the actual collection of water samples by the inspectors, and then the liquid chromatography is used. (High Pressure Liquid Chromatography, referred to as HPLC) or Gas Chromatography (GC) for analysis can be achieved, and the process is complicated and complicated, which leads to considerable restrictions on the detection of industrial wastewater and pollution prevention work.

Furthermore, in response to the above-mentioned pollution problems, China's Environmental Protection Agency has also set a series of emission standards, reporting obligations and related penalties, but there are unscrupulous people who evade their own environmental protection responsibilities and secretly discharge waste water in the dead of night. Bad; when the inspectors received the public notice on arrival at the scene, the water pollutants often spread to the downstream, unable to grasp the source of pollution or the concentration of emissions, let alone follow-up or report.

Therefore, how to improve the detection method of the prior art, so that the inspection personnel can know the pollution situation at the pollution site, or even if the inspection personnel are not at the pollution site, the water sample can be collected immediately when the pollution occurs, and it has always been a government unit or The issue that the environmental testing industry places considerable emphasis on.

In addition, in the sewage treatment plant, when the pollutant concentration of the influent water changes, the operator needs to adjust various operating parameters correspondingly, such as aeration amount, hydraulic retention time or the amount of related chemical agents, etc.; Most of them use the manual method to obtain the pollutant concentration of the influent water, and then manually adjust the above operating parameters. The process is quite complicated and complicated, and needs to be automated.

In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies, an object of the present invention is to provide a rapid detection and sampling device and method for volatile organic compounds and odorous substances in water, which is a polluted condition that can contaminate local water bodies.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a rapid detection and sampling device and method for volatile organic compounds and odor substances in water, which are capable of collecting water samples when the water body is contaminated.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a rapid detection and sampling device and method for volatile organic compounds and odor substances in water, which can be applied to a sewage treatment plant, and can automatically adjust relevant operating parameters when the influent water concentration changes.

In order to achieve the above, the rapid detection and sampling device for volatile organic compounds and odor substances in water of the present invention comprises a casing, an air pump, a continuous reading detector and a controller; the inside of the casing is hollow and formed a water sample tank, an aeration passage and a gas detecting passage, the aeration passage and the gas detecting passage are connected to the water sample tank and the outside, and the gas detecting passage has a detecting chamber; the air pumping is The direct reading type sensing probe is disposed in the detecting chamber of the outer casing, and the controller is disposed on the outer casing and electrically connected to the direct reading type detector.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rapid detection sampling device further includes a water vapor remover, an air filter, a pumping pipe, and a drain pipe, wherein the water vapor remover is disposed on the outer casing. a gas detecting passage is located between the water sample tank and the detecting chamber, the air filter is an aeration passage disposed in the outer casing, and the pumping pipe and the drain pipe are disposed on the outer casing, and the inner portion is It communicates with the inside of the water sample tank.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water volatile organic substance and odor substance rapid detection sampling device further comprises a floating block disposed on the outer casing, and the outer casing is disposed on a water surface of the water body to be tested. The water sample tank is an open tank and is directly connected to the water body to be tested.

The method for rapidly detecting and sampling volatile organic compounds and odorous substances in water of the present invention comprises the following steps:

(a) introducing a water sample to be tested into a water sample tank and introducing a gas stream into the water sample tank;

(b) using a continuous read detector to measure the concentration of gaseous contaminants evaporating from the water sample;

(c). Determine whether the concentration of the gas pollutant is higher than a predetermined concentration, and when the predetermined concentration is exceeded, an action signal is issued; otherwise, no action signal is issued.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step (c) of the method for rapidly detecting and sampling volatile organic compounds and odorous substances in water further comprises storing the concentration of gaseous pollutants measured by the direct reading detector, in addition to The method includes a step (d), the step (d) is that after the sampling device receives the motion signal, the water sample is actually collected, and the water sample collection position of the step (d) is located downstream of the water sample introduction position of the step (a). .

The following is a description of the structure and features of the present invention. The following is a schematic diagram of the apparatus according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention; A schematic diagram of a water sample introduction position and a water sample collection position according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention; and a third diagram showing a relationship between a water acetone concentration and a volatile gas acetone concentration according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a device according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

Referring to the first figure, a rapid detection and sampling device 10 for volatile organic compounds and odor substances in water according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention is applied to a water body 12 to be tested and can be combined with a sampling device 14 to perform water. For example, the device 10 includes a housing 20, an air pump 30, an aeration head 31, a continuous read detector 32, a controller 34, a water vapor remover 36, and an air filter 38. A pumping line 40 and a drain line 42.

The inside of the outer casing 20 is hollow to form a water-like receptacle 21, an aeration passage 22, and a gas detecting passage 23, which is located at the bottom side of the outer casing 20, the aeration passage 22 and the gas. The detecting passage 23 is connected to the water sample tank 21 and the outside, and the gas detecting passage 23 has a detecting chamber 231.

The air pump 30 is disposed in the aeration passage 22 of the outer casing 20 to provide airflow into the water sample tank 21.

The aeration head 31 is disposed in the water sample tank 21 and is connected to one end of the aeration passage 22, and the airflow in the aeration passage 22 can be dispersedly introduced into the water sample tank 21.

The direct-reading detector 32 is disposed in the detection chamber 231 of the casing 20 for detecting the concentration of volatile organic pollutants in the detection chamber 231. The detector 32 can be used but is not limited to flame detection. Direct reading gas concentration detectors such as Flame Ionization Detector (FID), electrochemical detector or Photo Ionization Detector (PID).

The controller 34 is disposed on the housing 20 and electrically connected to the direct-reading detector 32. The controller 34 has a storage medium (not shown) and a signal transmitter (not shown).

The water vapor remover 36 is disposed in the gas detecting passage 23 of the outer casing 20 and located between the water sample tank 21 and the detecting chamber 231 for removing moisture in the gas detecting passage 23.

The air filter 38 is disposed in the aeration passage 22 of the outer casing 20, and the airflow can be purified and then passed through the aeration passage 22.

The pumping line 40 and the drain line 42 are disposed in the outer casing 20, and are internally connected to the inside of the water sample tank 21, and the pumping line 40 is provided with a pumping pump 402.

The method for quickly detecting and sampling volatile organic compounds and odorous substances in water provided by the first preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

(a). The water sample of the water body 12 to be tested is introduced into the water sample tank 21 by the pumping line 40, and the air outside the device 10 is introduced into the water of the water sample tank 21 by the aeration passage 22 to make the water pollutants. Volatilized by the agitation of the gas stream and enters the gas detection channel 23;

(b) measuring the concentration of gaseous pollutants volatilized by the water sample in the water sample tank 21 by using the direct-reading detector 32;

(c) determining, by the controller 34, whether the concentration of the gaseous pollutant is higher than a predetermined concentration, and storing the concentration of the gaseous pollutant, and when the concentration of the gaseous pollutant exceeds the predetermined concentration, the controller 34 issues an action Signal, otherwise, no action signal is sent; after a predetermined period of time, under the control of the controller 34, the foregoing steps (a) to (c) are repeated; the predetermined concentration and the predetermined time can be It is built in the controller 34 at the time of manufacture, and can also be input by the user depending on the type of the pollutant or the diffusion state of the water body;

(d). The sampling device 14 (see the second figure) receives the action signal sent by the controller 34, and actually collects the water sample; the sampling device 14 can select the standard that meets the requirements of the Environmental Protection Agency according to the type of the pollutant. The sampling method is used for collecting; in this embodiment, as shown in the second figure, the water body 12 is a river, and the water sample collection position B of the step (d) is located at the water sample introduction position A of the step (a) (ie, The device 10 is disposed at a downstream position, so that even if the water contaminants flow downstream to the downstream, the sampling device 14 can smoothly collect the contaminants; however, the designer can also set the water sample collection position B to the water sample introduction position. Near A, not limited to downstream.

Through the above device and method, when the concentration of the pollutant of the water body 12 is normal, the concentration of the gas pollutant measured by the direct reading type detector 32 should not be high. In this case, the method proceeds to the step (c). When it stops, the actual collection of the water sample in step (d) is not performed; however, when the water body 12 is contaminated, the concentration of the gas pollutant measured by the direct-reading detector 32 is also high, so when the step is (c) After the execution is completed, the controller 34 can instruct the sampling device 14 to actually perform the water sample collection of the body of water 12.

In terms of current analytical techniques, the concentration of liquid contaminant concentration is often required in the laboratory to be achieved by instrumental analysis. The procedure is complicated and the inspection speed is slow; while the quantitative determination of gaseous pollutants is quite straightforward. The gas concentration detector is optional, so that the direct reading detector 32 can immediately obtain the concentration of the gaseous pollutants volatilized by the water body 12, thereby interpreting whether the water body 12 is contaminated and contaminated in the water body 12. The collection of water samples is carried out immediately, which overcomes the difficulty of the inspectors not being able to arrive at the scene for immediate sampling.

The third and fourth graphs use acetone and isopropanol as experimental objects respectively. For different water bodies with known organic matter concentrations and known temperatures in water, after 3 minutes of aeration, the light free detector (PID) is used to detect The result of the concentration of gaseous organic matter volatilized by the water body; the experimental results show that the concentration of the organic matter in the water is significantly correlated with the concentration of the gaseous organic matter volatilized above the water body before the volume of the water sample is fixed, so the gas volatilized above the water body The concentration of organic matter does reflect the actual concentration of organic pollutants in the water.

In addition, the rapid detection and sampling device 10 and method for volatile organic compounds and odor substances in water can also be applied to the automatic control of a sewage treatment plant, and the designer can directly set the rapid detection sampling device 10 of the present invention in a reaction tank ( In the figure, the aeration device (not shown) of the pollution treatment plant, the flow adjustment device (not shown) or the drug addition device (not shown) and the controller of the rapid detection sampling device 10 of the present invention are shown. 34 electrical connection, when the concentration of the influent water is too high, causing the direct reading detector 32 to exceed the predetermined concentration, the controller 34 can send an action signal to the aeration device of the sewage treatment plant The flow rate adjusting device or the drug adding device is used to change the relevant operating parameters, that is, the rapid detecting device 10 is used as a detector of the automatic control device in the sewage treatment plant.

In addition, the rapid detection sampling device 10 can also be designed to have a self-cleaning function, and the designer can add a clean air circulation pipe (not shown) connected to the detection chamber 231 inside the casing 20, when the rapid detection sampling device After a predetermined period of time, for example, after every two hours of operation, the clean air circulation duct is used to introduce clean air from the outside into the detection chamber 231, except that the particles attached to the direct-reading detector 32 can be blown off. Moreover, the gas organic matter volatilized by the water body during the previous measurement can be prevented from continuously accumulating inside the detection chamber 231, thereby affecting the subsequent concentration measurement.

In addition, a liquid level sensor 43 is disposed in the water sample tank 21 of the outer casing 20 to determine whether the internal water quantity of the water sample tank 21 reaches a certain amount to avoid the fluctuation of the water quantity and affect the concentration measurement result.

Furthermore, the designer can also provide a display 44 on the housing 20, and the display 44 is connected to the controller 34, and the measured value of the direct-reading detector 32 can be instantly displayed, or the water can be used. The linear relationship between the concentration of the organic matter and the concentration of the gaseous organic matter volatilized above the water body further predicts the concentration of the volatile organic matter in the water and then displays it on the display 44; thereby, the value of the detector through the display 44 is The contaminated condition of the water body 12 can be immediately known in the contaminated area, that is, the rapid detection sampling device 10 is used purely as a portable detecting instrument. In this case, the controller 44 can also choose not to set the storage medium. Or a signal transmitter.

Referring to the fifth figure, the rapid detection and sampling device 50 for volatile organic compounds and odor substances in water provided by the second preferred embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as that provided in the foregoing embodiment, and also includes a casing 52 and an air pump. The pump 54, an aeration head 55, a continuous read detector 56, a controller 58, a water vapor remover 60, and an air filter 62 are different in that the outer casing 52 is provided for the The water surface of the water body 12 is an open tank and is directly connected to the water body 12 to be tested. The device 10 includes a plurality of floating blocks 64 disposed on the outer casing 52, so that the device 10 can be utilized as a whole. The buoyancy floats on the surface of the water, and the outer casing 52 is below the floating block 64 and is provided with a plurality of flow guiding holes 523 so that the water sample can flow into the water sample receiving groove 521 through the side wall of the outer casing 52.

The above is only the detailed description and illustration of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention and the similar variations thereof are included in the scope of the present invention, and any familiar with the Those skilled in the art, in light of the scope of the present invention, may be susceptible to variations or modifications.

10. . . Rapid detection sampling device

12. . . Water body

14. . . Sampling device

20. . . shell

twenty one. . . Water sample tank

twenty two. . . Aeration passage

twenty three. . . Gas detection channel

231. . . Detection chamber

30. . . Air pump

31. . . Aeration head

32. . . Direct reading detector

34. . . Controller

36. . . Water vapor remover

38. . . air filter

40. . . Pumping line

402. . . Pump pump

42. . . Drainage line

43. . . Liquid level sensor

44. . . monitor

A. . . Water sample introduction position

B. . . Water sample collection location

50. . . Rapid detection sampling device

52. . . shell

521. . . Water sample tank

523. . . Diversion hole

54. . . Air pump

55. . . Aeration head

56. . . Direct reading detector

58. . . Controller

60. . . Water vapor remover

62. . . air filter

64. . . Floating block

The first figure is a schematic structural view of a device according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;

The second drawing is a schematic diagram of a water sample introduction position and a water sample collection position according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;

The third graph is a graph showing the relationship between the acetone concentration of the water body and the acetone concentration of the volatile gas in the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the concentration of isopropanol in water and the concentration of volatile gas acetone in the first preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a device according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

10. . . Rapid detection sampling device

12. . . Water body

20. . . shell

twenty one. . . Water sample tank

twenty two. . . Aeration passage

twenty three. . . Gas detection channel

231. . . Detection chamber

30. . . Air pump

31. . . Aeration head

32. . . Direct reading detector

34. . . Controller

36. . . Water vapor remover

38. . . air filter

40. . . Pumping line

402. . . Pump pump

42. . . Drainage line

43. . . Liquid level sensor

44. . . monitor

Claims (10)

The invention relates to a rapid detection and sampling device for volatile organic compounds and odor substances in water, which comprises: a casing which is hollow inside to form a water-like tank, an aeration passage and a gas detecting passage, and the aeration passage and the gas detecting passage are both Is connected to the water sample tank and the outside, the gas detecting channel has a detecting chamber; an air pumping is an aeration channel disposed in the outer casing; the always-reading detector is disposed in the detecting chamber of the outer casing And a controller disposed on the outer casing and electrically connected to the direct-reading detector. The rapid detection and sampling device for volatile organic compounds and odor substances in water according to claim 1 is further comprising a gas detecting channel disposed in the outer casing of the water vapor removing device, and located in the water sample receiving tank and the detecting chamber. between. The rapid detection and sampling device for volatile organic compounds and odor substances in water according to claim 1 is an aeration passage further comprising an air filter disposed on the outer casing. The rapid detection and sampling device for volatile organic compounds and odor substances in water according to claim 1 further includes a pumping pipeline and a drain pipeline, wherein the pumping pipeline and the drain pipeline are disposed in the outer casing. And the inside is in communication with the inside of the water sample tank. The rapid detection and sampling device for volatile organic compounds and odor substances in water according to claim 1 is further comprising a floating block disposed on the outer casing. The rapid detection and sampling device for volatile organic compounds and odor substances in water according to claim 1, wherein the outer casing is disposed on a water surface of a water body to be tested, and the water sample tank is an open tank body and directly Connected to the water to be tested. The rapid detection and sampling device for volatile organic compounds and odor substances in water according to claim 1, further comprising a display disposed on the outer casing and electrically connected to the controller, wherein the controller can directly The measured value of the read detector is converted to the concentration of volatile organic compounds in water and then displayed on the display. A rapid detection and sampling method for volatile organic compounds and odorous substances in water comprises the following steps: (a) introducing a water sample of a water body to be tested into a water sample tank, and introducing a gas stream into the water sample tank; b) measuring the concentration of gaseous pollutants volatilized by the water sample using a continuous reading detector; and (c) determining whether the concentration of the gaseous pollutant is higher than a predetermined concentration, and when the predetermined concentration is exceeded, issuing a Action signal. The method for rapidly detecting and sampling volatile organic compounds and odorous substances in water according to item 8 of the patent application scope further comprises a step (d), wherein the sampling device (d) is configured to receive the action signal after the sampling device receives the actual water sample. . The method for rapidly detecting and sampling volatile organic compounds and odorous substances in water according to item 8 of the patent application scope, wherein the water sample collection position of the step (d) is located downstream of the water sample introduction position of the step (a).