TW201318828A - Sealant compound and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sealant compound and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- TW201318828A TW201318828A TW100140354A TW100140354A TW201318828A TW 201318828 A TW201318828 A TW 201318828A TW 100140354 A TW100140354 A TW 100140354A TW 100140354 A TW100140354 A TW 100140354A TW 201318828 A TW201318828 A TW 201318828A
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- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010013296 Sericins Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007863 gel particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007966 viscous suspension Substances 0.000 claims 2
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 231100000481 chemical toxicant Toxicity 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007798 antifreeze agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- -1 ethylene glycol compound Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006194 liquid suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Natural products CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219310 Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000009164 Petroselinum crispum Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010064851 Plant Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021536 Sugar beet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006196 deacetylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003381 deacetylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001653 ettringite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011197 perejil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021118 plant-derived protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020374 simple syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940080313 sodium starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000036561 sun exposure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明涉及輪胎穿孔密封劑。它包含溶解的生物材料和不溶解的顆粒,所述溶解的生物材料用作密封穿孔的柔軟和彈性材料,而密封劑中所述不溶解的顆粒用作增強密封能力的剛性顆粒。該輪胎密封劑化合物是環保的、無毒的和有效的。The present invention relates to a tire perforated sealant. It contains dissolved biological material and insoluble particles which serve as a soft and elastic material for sealing perforations, while the insoluble particles in the sealant serve as rigid particles for enhancing the sealing ability. The tire sealant compound is environmentally friendly, non-toxic and effective.
道路上的硬物(例如釘子、石頭等)偶爾刺破輪胎。由於通過穿孔的氣體洩漏導致輪胎變扁。它可造成嚴重的事故和對駕駛員的嚴重身體損傷,尤其當汽車在高速公路上行駛時。當駕駛員嘗試在公路網中更換變扁的輪胎時,偶爾還有額外的事故發生。Hard objects on the road (such as nails, stones, etc.) occasionally puncture the tires. The tire flattens due to gas leakage through the perforations. It can cause serious accidents and serious physical damage to the driver, especially when the car is driving on a highway. Occasionally, when the driver tries to replace the flattened tire in the road network, there are occasional additional accidents.
當輪胎在運轉中時,液體輪胎密封劑用於臨時密封輪胎穿孔。這為駕駛員在輪胎甚至已經刺破之後繼續行程以及尋求幫助提供緊急措施,從而防止由於輪胎變扁發生任何嚴重事故。A liquid tire sealant is used to temporarily seal the tire perforations while the tire is in operation. This provides the driver with an emergency to continue the journey after the tire has even been punctured and to seek help to prevent any serious accidents due to flattening of the tire.
一般而言,液體輪胎密封劑由密封材料、膠粘劑和具有防凍劑的溶劑組成。通常的密封材料包括乳膠、丁基橡膠和各種微粒物質。膠粘劑是用於增加膠粘性的化學品。用於輪胎密封劑的常規膠粘劑是樹脂化合物。防凍劑,例如乙二醇和丙二醇,用於降低輪胎密封劑的凝固點,從而防止密封劑在低溫操作環境下凝固。In general, a liquid tire sealant is composed of a sealing material, an adhesive, and a solvent having an antifreeze. Typical sealing materials include latex, butyl rubber, and various particulate materials. Adhesives are chemicals used to increase adhesion. A conventional adhesive for a tire sealant is a resin compound. Antifreeze agents, such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, are used to lower the freezing point of the tire sealant, thereby preventing the sealant from solidifying in a low temperature operating environment.
在輪胎密封劑發展的早期,如美國專利No.4116895和4426468中所述,丁基橡膠和乳膠用作用於密封目的的主要化合物。由於交聯劑(即有機金屬催化劑)對正常功能而言是必需的,密封能力對催化劑的量高度敏感。這些化合物的缺陷包括性能不穩定、儲存期短、使用後難於清理以及需要固化過程。In the early stages of the development of the tire sealant, butyl rubber and latex were used as the main compound for sealing purposes as described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,116,895 and 4,426,468. Since the crosslinking agent (i.e., organometallic catalyst) is necessary for normal function, the sealing ability is highly sensitive to the amount of the catalyst. Defects of these compounds include unstable properties, short shelf life, difficulty in cleaning after use, and the need for a curing process.
美國專利No.4337322和4588758描述了輪胎密封劑的進一步發展。這些專利公開了使用石棉纖維、乙二醇和清潔劑作為開閥型(valve-open)密封劑中的主要成分。眾所周知的是,石棉纖維是致癌的、而乙二醇對環境有毒。Further developments in tire sealants are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,337,322 and 4,588,758. These patents disclose the use of asbestos fibers, glycols and detergents as the main components in valve-open sealants. It is well known that asbestos fibers are carcinogenic and ethylene glycol is toxic to the environment.
鑒於環境問題,公開了對環境更安全的非石油基輪胎密封劑(美國專利No.5059636)。在該配方中,除了膠粉,還使用小麥粉。亞硝酸鈉用作更長儲存期的防腐劑。另一方面,通過添加鈣鹽代替乙二醇化合物,降低了液態密封溶液的凝固點。唯一的缺點在於在應用該密封劑前需要去掉閥芯。In view of environmental issues, non-petroleum based tire sealants that are safer for the environment are disclosed (U.S. Patent No. 5,059,636). In this formulation, wheat flour is used in addition to the rubber powder. Sodium nitrite is used as a preservative for longer shelf life. On the other hand, by adding a calcium salt instead of the ethylene glycol compound, the freezing point of the liquid sealing solution is lowered. The only drawback is that the valve plug needs to be removed before applying the sealant.
除了水性輪胎密封劑,還通過使用鹵代化合物和其他有機溶劑(例如丙酮)開發了具有有機推進劑的配方(美國專利No.490242和5648406),所述有機溶劑雖然具有高密封能力但是對環境潛在有害。In addition to aqueous tire sealants, formulations with organic propellants have been developed by using halogenated compounds and other organic solvents such as acetone (U.S. Pat. Nos. 490,242 and 5,648,406) which have high sealing capabilities but are environmentally friendly. Potentially harmful.
與此同時,美國專利No.5772747中提出了另一密封劑配方。該密封劑基於稱為“原木阻塞(log-jam)”的機制起作用。實際上,包含纖維素、黃原膠、羧乙烯聚合物、羊毛、尼龍、人造絲、矽灰石和其他平板狀顆粒的顆粒混合物在水性溶劑中懸浮。輪胎穿孔可由粘性介質中的纖維材料填滿,並通過添加聚乙二醇進行調節。添加丙二醇從而降低密封劑的凝固點。添加包含著色劑、防腐劑和防蝕添加劑的其他化合物。At the same time, another sealant formulation is proposed in U.S. Patent No. 5,772,747. The sealant acts on a mechanism called "log-jam". In fact, a mixture of particles comprising cellulose, xanthan gum, carboxyvinyl polymer, wool, nylon, rayon, ash, and other tabular particles is suspended in an aqueous solvent. The tire perforations can be filled with fibrous material in a viscous medium and adjusted by the addition of polyethylene glycol. Propylene glycol is added to lower the freezing point of the sealant. Add other compounds containing colorants, preservatives, and anti-corrosion additives.
公開了具有相似功能機制的由表面活性膠粉、丁苯乳膠和多糖黃原膠組成的密封劑配方(美國專利No.5856376)。但是,它仍然是開閥型密封劑。A sealant formulation consisting of a surface active rubber powder, styrene-butadiene latex, and polysaccharide xanthan gum having a similar functional mechanism is disclosed (U.S. Patent No. 5,856,376). However, it is still an open-valve sealant.
在美國專利No.6013697中,膨潤土和雲母用作所公開的配方中的主要化合物。這些微粒物質填充穿孔空隙並形成堵塞物以防止進一步的氣體洩漏。該直通(valve-through)型密封劑對環境安全、並且它具有快速密封性能。但是,粘土片(clay platelet)的沉澱和絮凝是這一密封劑的主要問題。Bentonite and mica are used as the major compounds in the disclosed formulations in U.S. Patent No. 6,013,697. These particulate matter fills the perforated voids and forms a plug to prevent further gas leakage. The valve-through sealant is environmentally safe and has a fast sealing performance. However, the precipitation and flocculation of clay platelets is a major problem with this sealant.
基於原木阻塞機制、主要使用天然有機材料的其他工作包括US 2002/0077391 A1、US 2005/0277712 A1、國際專利WO 2008/022402 A1、US 2007/0015850 A1和US 2007/0129464 A1;在US 2002/0077391 A1中使用了短聚乙烯(chopped polyethylene)、纖維素和陶瓷纖維;在US 2005/0277712 A1中將農作物(例如甜菜、甘蔗和玉米)和木材的副產物用作微粒物質;在WO 2008/022402 A1中密封劑包含黃原膠、纖維素、煆制氧化矽、花生殼、樹皮粉、茶葉粉、歐芹粉、膨潤土、樹膠脂和微量二氧化鈦;在US 2007/0015850 A1中使用植物蛋白(例如穀粒、玉米和小麥);在US 2007/0129464 A1中提到纖維狀材料的使用,纖維狀材料包括糖漿,即甘蔗、甜菜、玉米、大豆、木質素、羊毛、玻璃絲、棉花等。Other work based on the log blocking mechanism, mainly using natural organic materials, includes US 2002/0077391 A1, US 2005/0277712 A1, international patents WO 2008/022402 A1, US 2007/0015850 A1 and US 2007/0129464 A1; 0077391 A1 uses chopped polyethylene, cellulose and ceramic fibers; in US 2005/0277712 A1 crops (eg beets, sugar cane and corn) and by-products of wood are used as particulate matter; in WO 2008/ The sealant of 022402 A1 comprises xanthan gum, cellulose, tantalum oxide, peanut shell, bark powder, tea powder, parsley powder, bentonite, gum resin and trace titanium dioxide; plant protein is used in US 2007/0015850 A1 ( For example, grain, corn and wheat); the use of fibrous materials, including sugar syrup, namely sugar cane, sugar beet, corn, soybean, lignin, wool, glass wool, cotton, etc., is mentioned in US 2007/0129464 A1.
基於原木阻塞機制、主要使用合成材料的其他工作包括US 2007/0203260 A1和國際申請PCT/AU2008/001499,在US 2007/0203260 A1中使用了聚氨酯乳劑(合成樹脂)和多元醇;在PCT/AU2008/001499中聚丙烯酸鈉和膠粉是公開的輪胎密封劑的主要成分。Other work based on the log blocking mechanism, mainly using synthetic materials, includes US 2007/0203260 A1 and International Application PCT/AU2008/001499, which are used in US 2007/0203260 A1, polyurethane emulsions (synthetic resins) and polyols; in PCT/AU 2008 Sodium polyacrylate and rubber powder in /001499 are the main components of the disclosed tire sealant.
除了原木阻塞原理,另一種類型的密封劑是基於粘性的乳膠懸浮液。乳膠懸浮液是高度粘滯的流體,其可牢固地粘附在穿孔壁上並最終封鎖氣體洩漏通道。相關的專利包含但不限於EP 1382654 A1、US 6992119 B2和US 2006/0142420。但是,以乳膠基密封劑的缺點在於使用之後難以清理、不確定的粘連性質、對眼睛和皮膚有刺激、使用了揮發性的有機化合物等。In addition to the principle of log blocking, another type of sealant is a viscous based latex suspension. Latex suspensions are highly viscous fluids that adhere firmly to the perforated walls and eventually block the gas leak path. Related patents include, but are not limited to, EP 1382654 A1, US 6992119 B2, and US 2006/0142420. However, the latex-based sealant has disadvantages in that it is difficult to clean after use, indeterminate blocking properties, irritation to eyes and skin, use of volatile organic compounds, and the like.
本發明公開了基於原木阻塞和粘膠堵塞(viscous gel clogging)(即乳膠)原理的組合機制的新型輪胎密封劑化合物。所提出的密封劑化合物通過剛性顆粒的原木堵塞來發揮功能,並結合彈性膠體顆粒在剛性顆粒邊界之間的凝膠堵塞來增強密封能力和持續時間。所述配方是環保的、安全的、無毒的且對密封輪胎穿孔是高效的(即即時密封能力)。密封的穿孔大小取決於所述密封劑的顆粒大小和固形物的量。它可密封由至少6.35mm直徑的穿刺造成的穿孔。它是可方便應用的、在注射前不需要去掉閥芯的直通型密封劑。所述密封劑在-30℃至70℃之間能很好地發揮功效。所述密封可維持12至48小時或更長,這取決於精確的密封劑化合物。在使用後用水可容易地清理所應用的密封劑。The present invention discloses novel tire sealant compounds based on a combined mechanism of log blocking and viscous gel clogging (ie, latex) principles. The proposed sealant compound functions by blocking the logs of the rigid particles and combines the gel plugging of the elastic colloidal particles between the rigid particle boundaries to enhance the sealing ability and duration. The formulation is environmentally friendly, safe, non-toxic and highly efficient (ie, instant sealing capability) for sealing tire perforations. The size of the sealed perforations depends on the particle size of the encapsulant and the amount of solids. It seals perforations caused by punctures of at least 6.35 mm diameter. It is a straight-through sealant that can be easily applied without the need to remove the valve plug prior to injection. The sealant works well between -30 ° C and 70 ° C. The seal can be maintained for 12 to 48 hours or longer depending on the precise sealant compound. The applied sealant can be easily cleaned with water after use.
提出的密封劑化合物由溶解和不溶解的高分子材料組成。所述溶解的分子是從它初始的剛性形態重新構成柔軟和彈性的懸浮液。由於它在物理和化學性質中的可調彈性,它可擠入並填充所述穿孔中原木堵塞的顆粒的晶界。這為公開的配方提供了優秀的密封性能。膠粘劑或另一類型水凝膠(例如海藻酸鈉)的添加同時增加了所述密封劑的粘度和所述彈性溶解高分子鏈的粘著力,從而它可牢固粘附在所述穿孔壁上和堵塞顆粒的表面上。實際上,所述海藻酸鈉增加了所述柔軟的、彈性的殼聚糖凝膠的顆粒大小。具有低毒性的防凍劑用於降低所述液態液體密封劑的凝固點,所述防凍劑例如丙二醇、氯化鈣和/或氯化鎂。添加其它諸如防腐劑、防蝕劑、固化劑和著色劑的添加劑用來改進所述密封劑的儲存期和美觀性。The proposed sealant compound consists of a dissolved and insoluble polymeric material. The dissolved molecule reconstitutes a soft and elastic suspension from its original rigid morphology. Due to its adjustable elasticity in physical and chemical properties, it can be squeezed into and fill the grain boundaries of the particles blocked by the logs in the perforations. This provides excellent sealing performance for open formulations. The addition of an adhesive or another type of hydrogel (such as sodium alginate) simultaneously increases the viscosity of the sealant and the adhesion of the elastically dissolved polymer chain so that it can adhere firmly to the perforated wall and Block the surface of the particles. In fact, the sodium alginate increases the particle size of the soft, elastic chitosan gel. An antifreeze having low toxicity is used to lower the freezing point of the liquid liquid sealant such as propylene glycol, calcium chloride and/or magnesium chloride. Additives such as preservatives, corrosion inhibitors, curing agents, and colorants are added to improve the shelf life and aesthetics of the sealant.
根據本發明的輪胎密封劑由至少一種天然衍生材料組成。通過物理或化學方法將該材料部分轉化為彈性且柔軟的懸浮材料,同時剩餘的顆粒是剛性形態。也可添加其它剛性固態顆粒來改進密封性能。密封劑的液體介質由水和防凍劑組成,所述防凍劑加寬了密封劑的操作溫度。添加膠粘劑不僅增加溶液的粘度而且改進了剛性和彈性懸浮物對穿孔壁的粘著力。可添加防蝕添加劑來防止發生銹蝕。也可添加防腐劑從而延長密封劑的儲存期。添加氧化鋅或二氧化鈦來避免在陽光暴曬下發生分解。在而不影響密封功能的前提下可選擇性地添加諸如香味劑和著色劑的其它添加劑。The tire sealant according to the invention consists of at least one naturally derived material. The material is partially converted into an elastic and soft suspension material by physical or chemical means while the remaining particles are in a rigid form. Other rigid solid particles can also be added to improve sealing performance. The liquid medium of the sealant consists of water and an antifreeze which broadens the operating temperature of the sealant. The addition of the adhesive not only increases the viscosity of the solution but also improves the adhesion of the rigid and elastic suspension to the perforated wall. Anti-corrosion additives can be added to prevent rust. Preservatives may also be added to extend the shelf life of the sealant. Add zinc oxide or titanium dioxide to avoid decomposition under sun exposure. Other additives such as a fragrance and a colorant may be selectively added without affecting the sealing function.
在較佳實施例中,殼多糖用作用於密封目的的彈性凝膠材料。殼多糖由甲殼質的脫乙醯作用產生,通常在甲殼綱動物的外骨骼中可發現所述甲殼質。它以能在酸性介質中溶解的剛性片的形態存在。該酸可以是任意類型的酸,但由於它們的低毒性而較佳為醋酸和鹽酸。在溶解之前,通過使用任意類型的堿(較佳地氫氧化鈉)進行中和來再沉澱殼聚糖。再沉澱的殼聚糖具有與它的初始形式不同的顆粒結構。它是懸浮在液態介質中的柔軟的、半透明的且有彈性的凝膠材料。精確的凝膠顆粒大小和剛度取決於中和速率以及溶液的最終pH值。圖1中示出了剛性和再沉澱的殼聚糖的掃描電鏡圖片。應該注意的是殼聚糖僅作為示例顯示。採用上述組合密封機制,能在給定的液體介質中以凝膠材料形態存在的其它類似材料對於製備密封劑化合物也是有效的。In a preferred embodiment, chitin is used as an elastomeric gel material for sealing purposes. Chitin is produced by the deacetylation of chitin, which is usually found in the exoskeleton of crustaceans. It exists in the form of a rigid sheet that can be dissolved in an acidic medium. The acid may be any type of acid, but is preferably acetic acid and hydrochloric acid due to their low toxicity. The chitosan is reprecipitated by neutralization using any type of hydrazine, preferably sodium hydroxide, prior to dissolution. The reprecipitated chitosan has a different particle structure than its original form. It is a soft, translucent and resilient gel material suspended in a liquid medium. The exact gel particle size and stiffness depend on the neutralization rate and the final pH of the solution. A scanning electron micrograph of rigid and reprecipitated chitosan is shown in FIG. It should be noted that chitosan is shown only as an example. Other similar materials that can be present in the form of a gel material in a given liquid medium are also effective for preparing sealant compounds using the combination sealing mechanism described above.
在較佳實施例中,密封劑化合物由0.1-5wt%的再沉澱殼聚糖組成,所述再沉澱殼聚糖由在酸性條件下溶解的50-500微米的殼聚糖顆粒製備得到,並且液態懸浮液的最終pH值在pH 7-10之間。圖2示出了不同濃度的再沉澱殼聚糖的圖片。In a preferred embodiment, the sealant compound is comprised of from 0.1 to 5% by weight of reprecipitated chitosan prepared from 50-500 micron chitosan particles dissolved under acidic conditions, and The final pH of the liquid suspension is between pH 7-10. Figure 2 shows a picture of different concentrations of reprecipitated chitosan.
密封劑化合物中的含水量在30-60wt%之間。它提供了用於懸浮柔軟的凝膠殼聚糖和其它剛性顆粒以及用於溶解選擇性添加的各種添加劑的介質。The water content in the sealant compound is between 30 and 60% by weight. It provides a medium for suspending soft gelatin chitosan and other rigid particles as well as various additives for dissolving the selective addition.
通過添加膠粘劑調節液態懸浮液的粘度。兩個示例是海藻酸鈉和澱粉。這些天然材料用於有效調節液態溶液的粘度。在較佳實施例中,待添加的膠粘劑的量在0.1-10wt%之間,與所需要的目標粘度有關。粘度通常在30-500mPas的範圍內。除了海藻酸鈉以外,可使用其它粘度來調節劑。The viscosity of the liquid suspension is adjusted by the addition of an adhesive. Two examples are sodium alginate and starch. These natural materials are used to effectively adjust the viscosity of the liquid solution. In a preferred embodiment, the amount of adhesive to be added is between 0.1 and 10% by weight, depending on the desired target viscosity. The viscosity is usually in the range of from 30 to 500 mPas. In addition to sodium alginate, other viscosities can be used to adjust the agent.
通過使用防凍劑(例如丙二醇)來降低液態懸浮液的凝固點,從而擴展密封劑化合物的適用性。在較佳實施例中,密封劑化合物由30-90wt%的丙二醇組成。採用50-60wt%的丙二醇,凝固點通常降低至-30℃。在較佳實施例中,也可使用無機防凍劑,例如1-10wt%的氯化鈣或氯化鎂。The applicability of the sealant compound is extended by the use of antifreeze agents such as propylene glycol to lower the freezing point of the liquid suspension. In a preferred embodiment, the sealant compound consists of from 30 to 90% by weight of propylene glycol. With 50-60% by weight of propylene glycol, the freezing point is usually lowered to -30 °C. In a preferred embodiment, an inorganic antifreeze such as 1-10% by weight of calcium chloride or magnesium chloride can also be used.
除了水凝膠(柔軟且有彈性的殼聚糖顆粒),剛性殼聚糖顆粒作為含量為0.1-5wt%且最優為1-3wt%的密封劑組份出現。剛性殼聚糖顆粒的顆粒大小在10-300微米之間,較佳在5-50微米之間。基於原木堵塞機制,剛性顆粒在穿孔中累積。堵塞顆粒所形成的堵塞物與溶液中柔軟且有彈性的殼聚糖材料結合,從而為穿孔提供優秀的密封性能。由於柔軟且有彈性的殼聚糖和剛性殼聚糖來源相同,密封機制中它們的相容性出色。In addition to the hydrogel (soft and elastic chitosan particles), the rigid chitosan particles appear as a sealant component in an amount of from 0.1 to 5% by weight and optimally from 1 to 3% by weight. The rigid chitosan particles have a particle size between 10 and 300 microns, preferably between 5 and 50 microns. Based on the log blocking mechanism, rigid particles accumulate in the perforations. The plug formed by the clogging particles combines with the soft and elastic chitosan material in the solution to provide excellent sealing properties for the perforations. Since the soft and elastic chitosan and rigid chitosan have the same source, they have excellent compatibility in the sealing mechanism.
對於密封劑中的剛性顆粒組份,它並不限於殼聚糖材料。在該實施例中可使用0.1微米至300微米大小的其它固體顆粒。在以下示例中,高嶺石、矽石、鈣矽石、矽藻土、雲母、中孔洞氧化矽和矽膠用於密封劑製備和密封示範。儘管也可使用具有更高密度的顆粒,但是較佳地,顆粒的比重小於1.5以降低沉降速率。此外,使用0.5-3wt%的膨潤土來防止密封劑中發生的沉澱和沉降問題。For the rigid particle component in the sealant, it is not limited to the chitosan material. Other solid particles of a size from 0.1 micron to 300 microns can be used in this embodiment. In the following examples, kaolinite, vermiculite, ettringite, diatomaceous earth, mica, mesoporous cerium oxide and tannin are used for sealant preparation and sealing demonstration. Preferably, the particles have a specific gravity of less than 1.5 to reduce the settling rate, although particles having a higher density can also be used. Further, 0.5-3 wt% of bentonite is used to prevent precipitation and settling problems occurring in the sealant.
還可對密封劑化合物添加0.1至5wt%的防腐劑,例如亞硝酸鈉。它用於保存密封劑配方中的組份,從而將它的儲存期延長至5年或更長。It is also possible to add 0.1 to 5 wt% of a preservative such as sodium nitrite to the sealant compound. It is used to preserve the components of the sealant formulation to extend its shelf life to 5 years or longer.
添加0.1-3wt%的防蝕添加劑來防止輪胎內發生銹蝕。0.1-3 wt% of an anti-corrosion additive is added to prevent rust in the tire.
製備的密封劑的粘度和pH值分別在30-500mPas和7-11的範圍內。由於柔軟且有彈性的殼聚糖凝膠顆粒以及膠粘劑的存在並結合膨潤土,密封劑在24小時內的沉澱微不足道。由於防腐劑的存在,密封劑可維持五年的正常功能。The prepared sealant has a viscosity and a pH in the range of 30-500 mPas and 7-11, respectively. Due to the presence of soft and elastic chitosan gel particles and an adhesive in combination with bentonite, the precipitation of the sealant within 24 hours is negligible. The sealant maintains its normal function for five years due to the presence of preservatives.
操作中,可去掉或不去掉閥芯,密封劑在高壓下(較佳為3-7 bar)通過軟管將注射入到輪胎內。當沒有穿孔時,在沒有任何物理和化學變化的情況下,密封劑液體在旋轉的輪胎內保持混合。另外,密封劑能夠在輪胎內高效擴散從而還可密封發生在胎肩區域的穿孔。In operation, the valve plug can be removed or not removed and the sealant will be injected into the tire through a hose under high pressure (preferably 3-7 bar). When there are no perforations, the sealant liquid remains mixed in the rotating tire without any physical and chemical changes. In addition, the sealant is capable of efficiently diffusing within the tire and thereby sealing the perforations occurring in the shoulder region.
在沒有去掉閥芯的情況下,在高壓下(較佳為3-7 bar)通過軟管向165/60 R14的老化輪胎內注入300ml製備的密封劑來測試密封性能。值得注意的是,注入的密封劑的體積可小於300ml。但是,這一值在測試中用作基準。然後,通過特殊設計的機器旋轉輪胎5分鐘。在旋轉之前或旋轉過程中使用常規的直徑為6.35mm的穿刺在輪胎上製造穿孔。也可測試具有其它尺寸的穿刺。輪胎以300rpm保持旋轉另一個5分鐘,期間按壓金屬棒來模仿實際中載入在輪胎上的重量。在穿孔位置指向上時保持輪胎固定。通過使用肥皂液每個小時檢查一次穿孔的氣體洩漏。通過該測試之後,由車輛的實際道路測試確認密封性能。The sealing performance was tested by injecting 300 ml of the prepared sealant into the 165/60 R14 aged tire through a hose under high pressure (preferably 3-7 bar) without removing the spool. It is worth noting that the volume of the injected sealant can be less than 300 ml. However, this value is used as a benchmark in the test. Then, rotate the tire for 5 minutes through a specially designed machine. Perforations are made on the tire using a conventional 6.35 mm diameter puncture before or during rotation. Piercings of other sizes can also be tested. The tire was held at 300 rpm for another 5 minutes during which the metal bar was pressed to mimic the weight actually loaded on the tire. Keep the tire fixed while the piercing position is pointing up. Check the perforated gas leak every hour by using soapy liquid. After passing this test, the sealing performance was confirmed by the actual road test of the vehicle.
實例Instance
以下將描述基於本發明的一些實例。但是,本發明並不受限於這些實例。Some examples based on the present invention will be described below. However, the invention is not limited to these examples.
實例1(PD-10)Example 1 (PD-10)
密封劑A由30-50wt%的水、50-65wt%的丙二醇、0.1-5wt%的再沉澱殼聚糖顆粒、5wt%的甘油、0.1-2wt%的海藻酸鈉以及0.01-2wt%的剛性殼聚糖顆粒組成。製備的密封劑的粘度在30-500mPs之間,溶液pH值為8-10。該密封劑能夠將直徑6.35mm的穿刺所造成的穿孔密封48小時。該密封劑在-30℃、30℃和70℃發揮功效。另外,在超過1星期的停滯(stagnant)存儲後該密封劑中的沉澱可忽略不計。Sealant A consists of 30-50 wt% water, 50-65 wt% propylene glycol, 0.1-5 wt% re-precipitated chitosan particles, 5 wt% glycerol, 0.1-2 wt% sodium alginate, and 0.01-2 wt% rigidity. Chitosan particle composition. The prepared sealant has a viscosity between 30 and 500 mPs and a solution pH of 8-10. The sealant is capable of sealing the perforations caused by the puncture of 6.35 mm in diameter for 48 hours. The sealant functions at -30 ° C, 30 ° C and 70 ° C. In addition, the precipitation in the sealant is negligible after more than one week of stagnant storage.
實例2(PD-10RM-1)Example 2 (PD-10RM-1)
密封劑B由30-50wt%的水、50-65wt%的丙二醇、0.1-0.3wt%的再沉澱殼聚糖顆粒、0.1-2wt%的海藻酸鈉以及0.01-0.5wt%的剛性殼聚糖顆粒組成。這一化合物也包含0.1-5wt%的其它剛性顆粒(包含高嶺石、矽石和矽膠)。密封劑的粘度為50-800mPs,溶液的pH值為8-10。該密封劑能夠將直徑6.35mm的穿刺所造成的穿孔密封48小時。該密封劑在-30℃、30℃和70℃發揮功效。另外,在超過1星期的停滯存儲後該密封劑中的沉澱可忽略不計。Sealant B consists of 30-50 wt% water, 50-65 wt% propylene glycol, 0.1-0.3 wt% re-precipitated chitosan particles, 0.1-2 wt% sodium alginate, and 0.01-0.5 wt% rigid chitosan. Particle composition. This compound also contains from 0.1 to 5% by weight of other rigid particles (including kaolinite, vermiculite and silicone). The viscosity of the sealant is 50-800 mPs and the pH of the solution is 8-10. The sealant is capable of sealing the perforations caused by the puncture of 6.35 mm in diameter for 48 hours. The sealant functions at -30 ° C, 30 ° C and 70 ° C. In addition, the precipitation in the sealant is negligible after more than one week of stagnant storage.
實例3(R-4)Example 3 (R-4)
密封劑C由30-50wt%的水、50-65wt%的丙二醇、0.1-3wt%的再沉澱殼聚糖顆粒、0.1-2wt%的海藻酸鈉以及0.01-0.5wt%的剛性殼聚糖顆粒組成。這一化合物也包含0.1-4wt%的絲膠和其他可溶有機聚合物,結合0.1-5wt%的其它剛性顆粒(包含高嶺石、矽石和矽膠)。密封劑的粘度為50-1000mPs,溶液pH值為8-10。該密封劑能夠將直徑6.35mm的穿刺所造成的穿孔密封48小時。該密封劑在-30℃、30℃和70℃發揮功效。另外,在超過1星期的停滯存儲後該密封劑中的沉澱可忽略不計。Sealant C consists of 30-50 wt% water, 50-65 wt% propylene glycol, 0.1-3 wt% reprecipitated chitosan particles, 0.1-2 wt% sodium alginate, and 0.01-0.5 wt% rigid chitosan particles. composition. This compound also contains from 0.1 to 4% by weight of sericin and other soluble organic polymers, in combination with from 0.1 to 5% by weight of other rigid particles (including kaolinite, vermiculite and silicone). The sealant has a viscosity of 50-1000 mPs and a solution pH of 8-10. The sealant is capable of sealing the perforations caused by the puncture of 6.35 mm in diameter for 48 hours. The sealant functions at -30 ° C, 30 ° C and 70 ° C. In addition, the precipitation in the sealant is negligible after more than one week of stagnant storage.
實例4(AS2-FS2)Example 4 (AS2-FS2)
密封劑D由30-50wt%的水、50-65wt%的丙二醇、0.1-5wt%的丙烯酸膠、0.1-3wt%的再沉澱殼聚糖顆粒、0.1-2wt%的海藻酸鈉以及0.01-0.5wt%的剛性殼聚糖顆粒組成。這一化合物也包含0.1-5wt%的絲膠以及0.1-5wt%的其它剛性顆粒(包含高嶺石、矽石和矽膠)。密封劑的粘度為50-1000mPs,溶液pH值為8-10。該密封劑能夠將直徑6.35mm的穿刺所造成的穿孔密封48小時。該密封劑在-30℃、30℃和70℃發揮功效。Sealant D consists of 30-50wt% water, 50-65wt% propylene glycol, 0.1-5wt% acrylic gum, 0.1-3wt% reprecipitated chitosan particles, 0.1-2wt% sodium alginate and 0.01-0.5 Composition of wt% of rigid chitosan particles. This compound also contains 0.1 to 5% by weight of sericin and 0.1 to 5% by weight of other rigid particles (including kaolinite, vermiculite and silicone). The sealant has a viscosity of 50-1000 mPs and a solution pH of 8-10. The sealant is capable of sealing the perforations caused by the puncture of 6.35 mm in diameter for 48 hours. The sealant functions at -30 ° C, 30 ° C and 70 ° C.
實例5(NOSA-21)Example 5 (NOSA-21)
密封劑E由30-50wt%的水、50-65wt%的丙二醇、0.1-5wt%的丙烯酸膠、0.1-3wt%的再沉澱殼聚糖顆粒以及0.01-0.5wt%的剛性殼聚糖顆粒組成。這一化合物不含海藻酸鈉。密封劑的粘度為50-1000mPs,溶液pH值為8-10。該密封劑能夠將直徑6.35mm的穿刺所造成的穿孔密封48小時。該密封劑在-30℃、30℃和70℃發揮功效。另外,在超過1星期的停滯存儲後該密封劑中的沉澱可忽略不計。The sealant E is composed of 30-50 wt% water, 50-65 wt% propylene glycol, 0.1-5 wt% acrylic gel, 0.1-3 wt% re-precipitated chitosan particles, and 0.01-0.5 wt% rigid chitosan particles. . This compound does not contain sodium alginate. The sealant has a viscosity of 50-1000 mPs and a solution pH of 8-10. The sealant is capable of sealing the perforations caused by the puncture of 6.35 mm in diameter for 48 hours. The sealant functions at -30 ° C, 30 ° C and 70 ° C. In addition, the precipitation in the sealant is negligible after more than one week of stagnant storage.
圖1是剛性的和再沉澱的殼聚糖的掃描電鏡圖片,其中(a)剛性殼聚糖顆粒、(b)中和後再沉澱的殼聚糖顆粒以及(c)來自製備的密封劑的凝膠殼聚糖與剛性殼聚糖的混合物;Figure 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of rigid and reprecipitated chitosan, wherein (a) rigid chitosan particles, (b) chitosan particles re-precipitated after neutralization, and (c) sealants from the preparation a mixture of gel chitosan and rigid chitosan;
圖2是不同濃度的再沉澱的殼聚糖的圖片。Figure 2 is a picture of different concentrations of reprecipitated chitosan.
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