TW201314353A - Composition of white photoresist - Google Patents
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本發明是有關於一種適用於反射式顯示器中之彩色濾光片上的白色光阻組成物,特別是指一種含有經矽醇鹽改質的二氧化鈦所組成的白色光阻組成物。The present invention relates to a white photoresist composition suitable for use on a color filter in a reflective display, and more particularly to a white photoresist composition comprising titanium dioxide modified with a cerium alkoxide.
一般顯示器依照所使用的光源來區分,可分為反射式、穿透式及半穿透半反射式。因反射式顯示器是仰賴外界光源,亦即不需背光源,可減少耗電;但該反射式顯示器會有反射率不佳的問題,導致整體亮度與對比不足。以電子紙的全彩化方式為例,多採用黑白顯示搭配反射式彩色濾光片,目前改善亮度及對比的方式大都是在紅、綠、藍色塊外,另添加一白色反射色塊,以提高反射式顯示器的反射率,繼而提升整體亮度與對比。目前用於製備白色反射色塊的白色光阻材料相當少,且該材料所形成的膜反射率也僅在40%以下(膜厚1微米以下),為了提高反射率,往往必須增加該材料中白色顏料的使用量,但隨著白色顏料比例增加,反而引發顏料之聚集而造成分散性不佳,進而致使顏料與樹脂的相容性不佳,甚而導致該材料於微影製程中顯影圖案化困難。Generally, the display is distinguished according to the light source used, and can be classified into a reflective type, a transmissive type, and a transflective type. Because the reflective display relies on the external light source, that is, no backlight is needed, the power consumption can be reduced; however, the reflective display has a problem of poor reflectivity, resulting in insufficient overall brightness and contrast. Taking the full colorization method of electronic paper as an example, black and white display is often used with reflective color filter. At present, the way to improve brightness and contrast is mostly outside the red, green and blue blocks, and a white reflective color block is added. To improve the reflectivity of the reflective display, and then improve the overall brightness and contrast. At present, the white photoresist material used to prepare the white reflective color block is relatively small, and the film has a reflectance of only 40% or less (the film thickness is 1 micron or less). In order to improve the reflectance, it is necessary to increase the material. The amount of white pigment used, but with the increase of the proportion of white pigment, it causes the aggregation of the pigment to cause poor dispersibility, which leads to poor compatibility of the pigment and the resin, and even causes the material to be developed and patterned in the lithography process. difficult.
日本專利公開號4538484B2揭示一種應用於印刷線路板中防焊油墨(solder resist ink)的光硬化性熱硬化性樹脂組成物。該組成物包含一不含芳香環的羧酸、一感光起始劑、一環氧化合物、一金紅石型二氧化鈦及一稀釋劑,其中,由該說明書中表5所揭示以不含芳香環的羧酸為100重量份計,該金紅石型二氧化鈦的添加量為180重量份,且該組成物所形成的膜之反射率光學亮度(Y值,CIE1931)為76~79。然,該組成物所形成的膜之所以能具備不錯的反射率,主要是透過提高該金紅石型二氧化鈦的使用量,但當該金紅石型二氧化鈦的使用量過高時,該組成物儲存穩定性會不佳,且經過3~4週後便會產生聚集現象,導致黏度上升或平均粒徑變大,無法順利進行微影製程;再者,若將該金紅石型二氧化鈦添加劑量降低,雖滿足該組成物穩定性的訴求,但由該組成物所形成的膜反射率不足,不適用於反射式顯示器上。Japanese Patent Publication No. 4538484B2 discloses a photocurable thermosetting resin composition applied to a solder resist ink in a printed wiring board. The composition comprises an aromatic ring-free carboxylic acid, a photoinitiator, an epoxy compound, a rutile titanium dioxide, and a diluent, wherein the aromatic ring is not disclosed in Table 5 of the specification. The amount of the rutile-type titanium oxide added was 180 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the carboxylic acid, and the reflectance optical brightness (Y value, CIE 1931) of the film formed from the composition was 76 to 79. However, the film formed by the composition can have a good reflectance mainly by increasing the amount of the rutile-type titanium dioxide used, but when the amount of the rutile-type titanium dioxide used is too high, the composition is stored stably. The sexual properties will be poor, and after 3 to 4 weeks, aggregation will occur, resulting in an increase in viscosity or an increase in the average particle size, and the lithography process will not proceed smoothly. Further, if the rutile-type titanium dioxide additive is reduced, The requirement for stability of the composition is satisfied, but the film formed by the composition has insufficient reflectance and is not suitable for use on a reflective display.
歐洲專利號1036831A1揭示一種噴墨印刷(ink jet recording)用光固化油墨組成物包括著色劑(colorant)、胺甲酸乙酯寡聚物(urethane oligomer)、具有三個或以上之反應官能基的單體、感光起始劑及溶劑。此專利之著色劑可為二氧化鈦,其與其他成分混合前,較佳先與含有分散劑之水性媒介進行混合並獲得一著色分散液。由此可知,使用二氧化鈦作為著色劑之油墨組成物確實需解決分散問題,且該油墨組成物是可用於噴墨印刷但無法應用於微影製程之彩色濾光片的生產設備。European Patent No. 1036831 A1 discloses a photocurable ink composition for ink jet printing comprising a colorant, an urethane oligomer, a single having three or more reactive functional groups Body, sensitizer and solvent. The coloring agent of this patent may be titanium dioxide, which is preferably mixed with an aqueous medium containing a dispersing agent before mixing with other ingredients to obtain a colored dispersion. From this, it is understood that the ink composition using titanium dioxide as a colorant does need to solve the dispersion problem, and the ink composition is a production apparatus which can be used for inkjet printing but cannot be applied to a color filter of a lithography process.
有鑑於上述,仍需開發一種同時具有較佳分散性、安定性及顯影性的白色光阻組成物,其於後續應用形成白色膜時,該白色膜具有較佳反射率,以符合業界需求。In view of the above, there is still a need to develop a white photoresist composition having better dispersibility, stability, and developability, which has a better reflectance when subsequently formed into a white film to meet the needs of the industry.
因此,本發明之第一目的,即在提供一種具有較佳分散性及安定性的白色光阻組成物,其應用於微影製程時,具有較佳的顯影性。Accordingly, it is a first object of the present invention to provide a white photoresist composition having better dispersibility and stability which is preferred for use in a lithography process.
於是,本發明白色光阻組成物,包含:一經矽醇鹽(alkoxide salt)改質的二氧化鈦、一鹼可溶樹脂、一含乙烯基不飽和單體、一光起始劑;及一溶劑。Thus, the white photoresist composition of the present invention comprises: a titanium oxide modified with an alkoxide salt, an alkali soluble resin, a vinyl-containing unsaturated monomer, a photoinitiator; and a solvent.
本發明之第二目的,即在提供一種具有較佳反射率的白色膜。A second object of the invention is to provide a white film having a preferred reflectivity.
於是,本發明白色膜,係將一如上所述之白色光阻組成物經微影處理後所形成。Thus, the white film of the present invention is formed by subjecting a white photoresist composition as described above to a lithography treatment.
本發明白色光阻組成物之功效在於:透過使用經矽醇鹽改質的二氧化鈦,可提升白色光阻組成物的分散性及安定性,且當白色光阻組成物後續應用於微影製程時,可具有較佳的顯影性。再者,由該白色光阻組成物所形成的白色膜,其具有較佳的反射率。The effect of the white photoresist composition of the present invention is that the dispersibility and stability of the white photoresist composition can be improved by using the titanium oxide modified by the cerium alkoxide, and when the white photoresist composition is subsequently applied to the lithography process. It can have better developability. Further, the white film formed of the white photoresist composition has a preferable reflectance.
本發明白色光阻組成物,包含一經矽醇鹽改質的二氧化鈦、一鹼可溶樹脂、一含乙烯基不飽和單體、一光起始劑及一溶劑。The white photoresist composition of the present invention comprises a bismuth alkoxide-modified titanium dioxide, an alkali-soluble resin, a vinyl-containing unsaturated monomer, a photoinitiator and a solvent.
較佳地,以該白色光阻組成物的總量為100 wt%計,該經矽醇鹽改質的二氧化鈦的含量範圍為4 wt%~15 wt%。Preferably, the content of the bismuth alkoxide-modified titanium dioxide ranges from 4 wt% to 15 wt%, based on 100 wt% of the total of the white photoresist composition.
本發明經矽醇鹽改質的二氧化鈦係由二氧化鈦與一矽醇鹽進行水解縮合反應而製得,且該矽醇鹽具有如下所示之化學式(I):The bismuth alkoxide-modified titanium dioxide of the present invention is obtained by hydrolytic condensation reaction of titanium dioxide with a cerium alkoxide, and the cerium salt has the chemical formula (I) shown below:
式(I)中,R1表示氫、C1~C18的烷基、烯基、烷氧基、芳香基、伸烷基乙烯基、伸烷基胺基、伸烷基丙烯酸酯、伸烷基甲基丙烯酸酯、伸烷基丁腈、伸烷基異氰酸酯、伸烷基環氧基、鹵素、氫氧基,或異氰酸酯基;R2表示C1~C6的烷基;n表示1至4之整數。In the formula (I), R 1 represents hydrogen, a C 1 -C 18 alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, an alkylene vinyl group, an alkylene group, an alkyl acrylate or a stretch alkyl group. a methacrylate, an alkylene nitrile, an alkyl isocyanate, an alkylene oxide group, a halogen, a hydroxyl group, or an isocyanate group; R 2 represents a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group; and n represents 1 to An integer of 4.
該經矽醇鹽改質的二氧化鈦為兩性物質,不僅具有較佳的親水性,同時還具有親油性,應用在油性配方的感光性光阻組成物中,不僅可均勻分散在該感光性光阻組成物中,且於微影製程中的顯影過程時,是有利於顯影。The bismuth alkoxide-modified titanium dioxide is an amphoteric substance, which not only has good hydrophilicity, but also has lipophilicity, and is applied to a photosensitive photoresist composition of an oily formulation, and can be uniformly dispersed not only in the photosensitive photoresist. In the composition, and during the development process in the lithography process, it is advantageous for development.
較佳地,該矽醇鹽是擇自於三乙氧基乙烯基矽烷(triethoxyvinyl silane)、三乙氧基甲基矽烷(triethoxymethyl silane)、四乙氧基矽烷(tetraethoxy silane)、四甲氧基矽烷(tetramethoxy silane)、三甲氧基矽烷(trimethoxy silane)、三乙氧基矽烷(triethoxy silane)、胺基丙基三乙氧基矽烷(aminopropyltriethoxy silane)、3-甲基丙烯醯氧丙基三甲氧基矽烷(3-glycidoxy propyltrimethoxy silane)、3-(三甲氧基矽烷)丙基甲基丙烯酸酯[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate]、4-(三乙氧基矽烷)丁腈[4-(triethoxysilyl)bytronitrile]、3-(三乙氧基矽烷)丙基異氰酸酯[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl isocyanate],或此等一組合。Preferably, the oxime salt is selected from the group consisting of triethoxyvinyl silane, triethoxymethyl silane, tetraethoxy silane, tetramethoxy. Teramethoxysilane, trimethoxy silane, triethoxy silane, aminopropyltriethoxy silane, 3-methylpropenyloxypropyltrimethoxy 3-glycidoxy propyltrimethoxy silane, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate, 4-(triethoxydecane)butyronitrile [4-(triethoxysilyl) Bytronitrile], 3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl isocyanate, or a combination thereof.
為了使後續應用能具有較佳安定性及高反射率,較佳地,該經矽醇鹽改質的二氧化鈦的平均粒徑範圍為0.1μm~1.0μm;更佳地,平均粒徑範圍為0.1μm~0.5μm。該經矽醇鹽改質的二氧化鈦的平均粒徑低於0.1μm,則後續形成白色膜時,該膜的反射率會不足。該經矽醇鹽改質的二氧化鈦的平均粒徑高於1.0μm,則後續形成白色膜時,該膜的表面粗糙度會過大。Preferably, the bismuth alkoxide-modified titanium dioxide has an average particle diameter ranging from 0.1 μm to 1.0 μm in order to provide better stability and high reflectance for subsequent applications; more preferably, the average particle size ranges from 0.1 to 0.1 μm. Mm ~ 0.5μm. When the average particle diameter of the bismuth alkoxide-modified titanium oxide is less than 0.1 μm, the reflectance of the film may be insufficient when a white film is subsequently formed. When the average particle diameter of the bismuth alkoxide-modified titanium oxide is more than 1.0 μm, the surface roughness of the film may be excessively large when a white film is subsequently formed.
該二氧化鈦可單獨或混合使用,較佳地,該二氧化鈦(titanium dioxide,俗稱鈦白粉)是擇自於杜邦製,商品名為Ti-Pure R-706、Ti-Pure R-902+、Ti-Pure R-960;亞中實業製,商品名為CR50-2(純度95%,比重4.2)、TTO-55B、TTO-55S(純度95.5%、Pb<10 ppm、As<1 ppm);合記製,商品名為TR-50;玉順製,商品名為RD-3。The titanium dioxide may be used singly or in combination. Preferably, the titanium dioxide (titanium dioxide) is selected from DuPont under the trade name Ti-Pure. R-706, Ti-Pure R-902+, Ti-Pure R-960; manufactured by Yazhong Industrial Co., Ltd., trade name CR50-2 (purity 95%, specific gravity 4.2), TTO-55B, TTO-55S (purity 95.5%, Pb<10 ppm, As<1 ppm); The trade name is TR-50; Yushun system, the trade name is RD-3.
較佳地,該水解縮合反應的操作溫度範圍為30℃~150℃。Preferably, the hydrolysis condensation reaction has an operating temperature in the range of from 30 ° C to 150 ° C.
較佳地,於該水解縮合反應中可進一步添加催化劑,且該催化劑是擇自於酸性催化劑或鹼性催化劑。Preferably, a catalyst may be further added to the hydrolysis condensation reaction, and the catalyst is selected from an acidic catalyst or a basic catalyst.
該催化劑可直接使用在該反應中,或者進一步地先與一溶劑混合,再添加至該反應中。該溶劑並無特別的限制,能與該催化劑混合均勻即可。較佳地,該酸性催化劑是擇自於硝酸溶液、硫酸溶液、鹽酸溶液、溴化氫溶液、碘化氫溶液、過氯酸(HClO4)溶液,或此等一組合。較佳地,該酸性催化劑是擇自於鹽酸溶液或碘化氫溶液。The catalyst can be used directly in the reaction, or further mixed with a solvent and added to the reaction. The solvent is not particularly limited and can be uniformly mixed with the catalyst. Preferably, the acidic catalyst is selected from the group consisting of a nitric acid solution, a sulfuric acid solution, a hydrochloric acid solution, a hydrogen bromide solution, a hydrogen iodide solution, a perchloric acid (HClO 4 ) solution, or the like. Preferably, the acidic catalyst is selected from a hydrochloric acid solution or a hydrogen iodide solution.
較佳地,該鹼性催化劑是擇自於氫氧化鈉溶液、氫氧化鉀溶液、氨(NH3)溶液、胺化鈉(sodium amide,NaNH2)、碳酸氫鈉、碳酸鈉、甲醇鉀(potassium methoxide,CH3OK),或此等一組合。更佳地,該鹼性催化劑是擇自於氫氧化鈉溶液或氫氧化鉀溶液。Preferably, the basic catalyst is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, ammonia (NH 3 ) solution, sodium amide (NaNH 2 ), sodium hydrogencarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium methoxide ( Potassium methoxide, CH 3 OK), or a combination of these. More preferably, the basic catalyst is selected from a sodium hydroxide solution or a potassium hydroxide solution.
較佳地,以該白色光阻組成物的總量為100 wt%計,該鹼可溶樹脂的含量範圍為2.5 wt%~6 wt%。Preferably, the alkali soluble resin is contained in an amount ranging from 2.5 wt% to 6 wt%, based on 100 wt% of the total of the white photoresist composition.
較佳地,該鹼可溶樹脂是擇自於一含羧酸基不飽和單體、含乙烯基不飽和單體和含羧酸基不飽和單體的共聚物,或此等一組合。Preferably, the alkali soluble resin is selected from the group consisting of a carboxylic acid group-containing unsaturated monomer, a vinyl group-containing unsaturated monomer, and a carboxylic acid group-containing unsaturated monomer, or a combination thereof.
較佳地,該含羧酸基不飽和單體是擇自於丙烯酸類化合物、甲基丙烯酸類化合物,或此等一組合。Preferably, the carboxylic acid group-containing unsaturated monomer is selected from the group consisting of an acrylic compound, a methacrylic compound, or a combination thereof.
較佳地,以該共聚物總量為100莫耳計,該含羧酸基不飽和單體的含量為10莫耳~50莫耳。更佳地,該含羧酸基不飽和單體的含量為20莫耳~40莫耳。Preferably, the carboxylic acid group-containing unsaturated monomer is present in an amount of from 10 moles to 50 moles based on 100 moles of the total copolymer. More preferably, the carboxylic acid group-containing unsaturated monomer is contained in an amount of from 20 moles to 40 moles.
較佳地,該共聚物的重量平均分子量範圍為1,000~100,000。更佳地,該共聚物的重量平均分子量範圍為6,000~20,000。Preferably, the copolymer has a weight average molecular weight ranging from 1,000 to 100,000. More preferably, the copolymer has a weight average molecular weight ranging from 6,000 to 20,000.
較佳地,該含乙烯基不飽和單體是擇自於丙烯酸甲酯(methyl acrylate)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(methyl methacrylate)、苯基丙烯酸酯(benzyl acrylate)、苯基甲基丙烯酸酯(benzyl methacrylate)、丙烯酸乙酯(ethyl acrylate)、甲基丙烯酸乙酯(ethyl methacrylate)、2-羥基乙基丙烯酸酯(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate)、2-羥基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)、羥基丙基丙烯酸酯(hydroxylpropyl acrylate)、羥基丙基甲基丙烯酸酯(hydroxylpropyl methacrylate)、異丁基丙烯酸酯(isobutyl methacrylate)、異丁基甲基丙烯酸酯(isobutyl methacrylate)、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate)、1,4-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯(1,4 butanediol diacrylate)、二乙二醇二丙烯酸酯(diethylene glycol diacrylate)、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯(pentaerythritol triacrylate)、乙氧基化季戊四醇四丙烯酸酯(ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate)、乙氧基化三甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯(ethoxylated trimethylpropane triacrylate)、二季戊四醇五丙烯酸酯(dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate)、季戊四醇四丙烯酸酯(pentaerythritol tetraacrylate)、二季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯(dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate)(商品名M400),或此等一組合。Preferably, the vinyl-containing unsaturated monomer is selected from the group consisting of methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, benzyl acrylate, and phenyl methacrylate ( Benzyl methacrylate), ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate ), hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxylpropyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethyl Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,4 butanediol diacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, ethoxy Ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, ethoxylated trimethylpropane triacrylate ( Ethoxylated trimethylpropane triacrylate), dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (trade name M400), or a combination thereof.
較佳地,以該白色光阻組成物的總量為100 wt%計,該含乙烯基不飽和單體的含量範圍為0.1 wt%~1.5 wt%。Preferably, the vinyl group-containing unsaturated monomer is contained in an amount ranging from 0.1 wt% to 1.5 wt% based on 100 wt% of the total of the white photoresist composition.
該光起始劑可單獨或混合使用,較佳地,該光起始劑是擇自於(1)Ciba製(商品名):ITX、DAROCURE TPO、IRGACURE 184、IRGACURE 369、T-481、OXE01、CGI242;(2)SHUANG BANG INDUSTRIAL CORP製(商品名):SB-PI718。其中,同時使用該OXE01及CGI242,則該白色光阻組成物具有高感光度,且使後續形成之白色膜具有良好的附著性。The photoinitiator may be used singly or in combination. Preferably, the photoinitiator is selected from (1) Ciba (trade name): ITX, DAROCURE TPO, IRGACURE 184, IRGACURE 369, T-481, OXE01, CGI242; (2) SHUANG BANG INDUSTRIAL CORP (trade name): SB-PI718. Among them, use this at the same time For OXE01 and CGI242, the white photoresist composition has high sensitivity and good adhesion to the subsequently formed white film.
較佳地,以該白色光阻組成物的總量為100 wt%計,該光起始劑的含量範圍為0.1 wt%~1.2 wt%。Preferably, the photoinitiator is present in an amount ranging from 0.1 wt% to 1.2 wt% based on 100 wt% of the total of the white photoresist composition.
較佳地,該溶劑是擇自於環己酮、乙二醇醚、乙二醇乙醚、乙二醇丁醚、丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、乙基-2-乙氧基乙醇乙酸酯、聚乙二醇單甲基醚乙酸酯(polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate,以下簡稱PGMEA),或此等一組合。Preferably, the solvent is selected from the group consisting of cyclohexanone, glycol ether, ethylene glycol ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, ethyl-2-ethoxyethanol acetate, Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA), or a combination thereof.
較佳地,以該白色光阻組成物的總量為100 wt%計,該溶劑的含量範圍為60 wt%~88 wt%。Preferably, the solvent is contained in an amount ranging from 60% by weight to 88% by weight based on 100% by weight of the total of the white photoresist composition.
較佳地,該白色光阻組成物的固含量範圍為10 wt%~40 wt%;更佳地,該白色光阻組成物的固含量範圍為12 wt%~20 wt%。當該白色光阻組成物的固含量是高於40 wt%時,則該白色光阻組成物的分散性及塗佈性質不佳;當該白色光阻組成物的固含量是低於10 wt%時,則該白色光阻組成物的反射率不佳。Preferably, the white photoresist composition has a solid content ranging from 10 wt% to 40 wt%; more preferably, the white photoresist composition has a solid content ranging from 12 wt% to 20 wt%. When the solid content of the white photoresist composition is higher than 40 wt%, the dispersibility and coating properties of the white photoresist composition are not good; when the solid content of the white photoresist composition is less than 10 wt When % is used, the reflectance of the white photoresist composition is not good.
在不影響本發明功效之範圍,本發明白色光阻組成物可視需要(如塗佈性質)添加一添加劑。該添加劑包含但不限於界面活性劑、分散劑、平坦劑、消泡劑或接著助劑等。The white photoresist composition of the present invention may be added with an additive as needed (e.g., coating properties) without affecting the efficacy of the present invention. The additive includes, but is not limited to, a surfactant, a dispersant, a flat agent, an antifoaming agent or a bonding aid, and the like.
該分散劑包含但不限於Solspherse 24000 SC GR(Lubrizol製)等。The dispersant includes, but is not limited to, Solspherse 24000 SC GR (manufactured by Lubrizol) and the like.
較佳地,以該白色光阻組成物的總量為100 wt%計,該添加劑的含量範圍為2 wt%~4 wt%。Preferably, the additive is present in an amount ranging from 2 wt% to 4 wt%, based on the total amount of the white photoresist composition of 100 wt%.
該白色光阻組成物的製法可採用一般的方式,例如將經矽醇鹽改質的二氧化鈦、鹼可溶樹脂、含乙烯基不飽和單體、光起始劑及溶劑放置於攪拌器中攪拌,使其均勻混合成溶液狀態,必要時可添加添加劑,即可獲得本案的白色光阻組成物。The white photoresist composition can be prepared in a general manner, for example, a titanium oxide modified titanium oxide, an alkali soluble resin, a vinyl-containing unsaturated monomer, a photoinitiator, and a solvent are placed in a stirrer to be stirred. The white photoresist composition of the present invention can be obtained by uniformly mixing it into a solution state and adding an additive if necessary.
或者,該白色光阻組成物的製法可採用一般濕式研磨法,在常溫下,將經矽醇鹽改質的二氧化鈦在有機溶劑中以球磨罐(含鋯球)濕潤3小時,再加入鹼可溶樹脂、含乙烯基不飽和單體、光起始劑、溶劑,及選擇性的添加添加劑,持續研磨數小時,即可獲得本案的白色光阻組成物。Alternatively, the white photoresist composition can be prepared by a general wet milling method, and the bismuth alkoxide-modified titanium dioxide is wetted in a ball mill (containing zirconium balls) in an organic solvent at normal temperature for 3 hours, and then alkali is added. A white photoresist composition of the present invention can be obtained by dissolving a resin, a vinyl-containing unsaturated monomer, a photoinitiator, a solvent, and a selective additive, and continuously grinding for several hours.
本發明白色光阻組成物可使所形成的膜具備高反射率,以提升整體的亮度與對比度;此外,該白色光阻組成物具有良好的顏料分散性與樹脂相容性,以符合微影製程中圖案化的需求。The white photoresist composition of the present invention can provide a film with high reflectivity to enhance overall brightness and contrast; in addition, the white photoresist composition has good pigment dispersibility and resin compatibility to conform to lithography The need for patterning in the process.
本發明白色膜係將一如上所述之白色光阻組成物經微影處理後所形成。The white film of the present invention is formed by subjecting a white photoresist composition as described above to a lithography treatment.
較佳地,該白色膜的反射率範圍為50%以上。Preferably, the white film has a reflectance in the range of 50% or more.
本發明白色膜的製備方式可以藉由旋轉塗佈或流延塗佈等塗佈方法,將該白色光阻組成物塗佈在一基材上,再經預烤(prebake)方式將溶劑去除而形成一預烤塗膜。預烤後,將該塗膜於光罩下進行曝光,曝光所使用之光線,以紫外線為佳,然後於室溫下浸漬於一顯影液(如氫氧化鉀溶液)中,以去除未曝光的部分而形成特定的圖案,再經水洗與吹乾後,以高溫(如220℃)烘烤30分鐘,即可獲得形成於該基材上的白色膜。The white film of the present invention can be prepared by coating the white photoresist composition on a substrate by a coating method such as spin coating or cast coating, and then removing the solvent by prebake. A pre-baked coating film is formed. After pre-baking, the coating film is exposed to a mask, and the light used for exposure is preferably ultraviolet light, and then immersed in a developing solution (such as potassium hydroxide solution) at room temperature to remove unexposed. A part of the film is formed into a specific pattern, and after being washed with water and dried, and baked at a high temperature (for example, 220 ° C) for 30 minutes, a white film formed on the substrate can be obtained.
該白色膜可適用於反射式顯示器用之彩色濾光片上,可使反射式顯示器之亮度提升,在各類型光源下可維持高效之顯示效果,並可藉由利用現有之量產設備,達成新型彩色濾光片之製作及量產。The white film can be applied to a color filter for a reflective display, which can improve the brightness of the reflective display, maintain an efficient display effect under various types of light sources, and can be achieved by utilizing existing mass production equipment. Production and mass production of new color filters.
該基材可以為一般用於反射式顯示器中彩色濾光片的基材,較佳地,該基材可選自於應用在液晶顯示器中的無鹼玻璃、鈉鈣玻璃、強化玻璃(Pyrex玻璃)或石英玻璃,或表面上已附著黑色矩陣(black matrix)、紅色圖案、綠色圖案、藍色圖案,或此等一組合的玻璃。The substrate may be a substrate generally used for a color filter in a reflective display. Preferably, the substrate may be selected from the group consisting of alkali-free glass, soda lime glass, and tempered glass (Pyrex glass) used in liquid crystal displays. Or quartz glass, or a black matrix, a red pattern, a green pattern, a blue pattern, or a combination of such glasses has been attached to the surface.
本發明將就以下實施例來作進一步說明,但應瞭解的是,該等實施例僅為例示說明之用,而不應被解釋為本發明實施之限制。The invention is further described in the following examples, but it should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting.
<實施例><Example>
<經矽醇鹽改質的二氧化鈦><Titanium dioxide modified by decyl alkoxide>
[合成例1] 經3-(三甲氧基矽烷)丙基甲基丙烯酸酯改質的二氧化鈦[Synthesis Example 1] Titanium dioxide modified with 3-(trimethoxydecane)propyl methacrylate
將250克的甲醇、43.33克的二氧化鈦(商品名為CR50-2,平均粒徑為200nm~400nm)以及15.166克的二氧化鈦(商品名為TTO-55S,平均粒徑為30nm~50nm)置於一圓底反應瓶中,於常溫下(25℃)持續攪拌3小時,使兩種不同粒徑範圍之二氧化鈦充分濕潤,得到一第一混合物。將100克的甲醇以及5.83克的3-(三甲氧基矽烷)丙基甲基丙烯酸酯加入另一圓底反應瓶中,接著,再加入12克且pH值為9的氫氧化鉀水溶液,並持續攪拌30分鐘,得到一第二混合物。接著,將上述的第一混合物及第二混合物相混合,並於室溫下持續攪拌24小時,再經由高溫(110℃)熟化8小時,使該等混合物進行水解縮合反應,最後,於50℃下經由濃縮方式去除甲醇及3-(三甲氧基矽烷)丙基甲基丙烯酸酯,即可得經3-(三甲氧基矽烷)丙基甲基丙烯酸酯改質的二氧化鈦。250 grams of methanol, 43.33 grams of titanium dioxide (trade name CR50-2, average particle size 200nm ~ 400nm) and 15.166 grams of titanium dioxide (trade name TTO-55S, average particle size 30nm ~ 50nm) placed in a circle In the bottom reaction flask, stirring was continued for 3 hours at normal temperature (25 ° C) to sufficiently wet the titanium dioxide of two different particle size ranges to obtain a first mixture. 100 grams of methanol and 5.83 grams of 3-(trimethoxydecane) propyl methacrylate were added to another round bottom reaction flask, followed by the addition of 12 grams of aqueous potassium hydroxide solution having a pH of 9 and continued. Stir for 30 minutes to obtain a second mixture. Next, the first mixture and the second mixture are mixed, and the mixture is continuously stirred at room temperature for 24 hours, and then aged at a high temperature (110 ° C) for 8 hours to carry out hydrolysis and condensation reaction of the mixture, and finally, at 50 ° C. The removal of methanol and 3-(trimethoxydecane)propyl methacrylate by concentration provides titanium dioxide modified with 3-(trimethoxydecane)propyl methacrylate.
[合成例2] 經三乙氧基矽烷改質的二氧化鈦[Synthesis Example 2] Titanium dioxide modified by triethoxy decane
將250克的甲醇、43.33克的二氧化鈦(商品名為CR50-2,平均粒徑為200nm~400nm)以及15.166克的二氧化鈦(商品名為TTO-55S,平均粒徑為30nm~50nm)置於一圓底反應瓶中,於常溫下(25℃)持續攪拌3小時,使兩種不同粒徑範圍之二氧化鈦充分濕潤,得到一第一混合物。將100克的甲醇以及2.915克的三乙氧基矽烷加入另一圓底反應瓶中,接著,再加入12克且pH值為9的氫氧化鉀水溶液,並持續攪拌30分鐘,得到一第二混合物。接著,將上述的第一混合物及第二混合物相混合,並於室溫下持續攪拌24小時,再經由高溫(110℃)熟化8小時,使該等混合物進行水解縮合反應,最後,於5℃下經由濃縮方式去除甲醇及三乙氧基矽烷,即可得經三乙氧基矽烷改質的二氧化鈦。250 grams of methanol, 43.33 grams of titanium dioxide (trade name CR50-2, average particle size 200nm ~ 400nm) and 15.166 grams of titanium dioxide (trade name TTO-55S, average particle size 30nm ~ 50nm) placed in a circle In the bottom reaction flask, stirring was continued for 3 hours at normal temperature (25 ° C) to sufficiently wet the titanium dioxide of two different particle size ranges to obtain a first mixture. 100 g of methanol and 2.915 g of triethoxy decane were added to another round bottom reaction flask, followed by the addition of 12 g of an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide having a pH of 9, and stirring was continued for 30 minutes to obtain a second mixture. . Next, the first mixture and the second mixture are mixed, and the mixture is continuously stirred at room temperature for 24 hours, and then aged at a high temperature (110 ° C) for 8 hours to carry out hydrolysis and condensation reaction of the mixture, and finally, at 5 ° C. The titanium dioxide modified by triethoxy decane is obtained by removing methanol and triethoxy decane by concentration.
[合成例3] 鹼可溶樹脂[Synthesis Example 3] Alkali soluble resin
秤取29.07克PGMEA、71.03克苯甲基甲基丙烯酸酯(benzyl methacrylate,簡稱BzMA)、5.80克甲基丙烯酸甲基酯(methyl methacrylate,簡稱MMA)、14.80克甲基丙烯酸(methacrylic acid,簡稱MAA)、6.10克2-羥基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯(2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate,簡稱2-HEMA)、0.67克1-十二硫醇(1-dodecanethiol)及0.67克2,2‘-偶氮二異丁腈(2,2’-azobis-isobutyronitrile,簡稱AIBN)置於錐形瓶中,攪拌混合溶解均勻,形成一第一組份。接著,秤取116.29克PGMEA置於500毫升分離式反應槽中,並架設攪拌器、冷凝管及控溫器,且通入氮氣,同時進行攪拌並加熱升溫至100℃,待恆溫後,將上述第一組份滴入反應槽中,速率約為2.5 cc/min,待滴完後於100℃恆溫反應6小時後,關閉加熱器及氮氣,從該反應槽中取出產物,並靜置冷卻即可獲得鹼可溶樹脂,其固含量為36.46 wt%。Weighing 29.07 grams of PGMEA, 71.03 grams of benzyl methacrylate (BzMA), 5.80 grams of methyl methacrylate (MMA), 14.80 grams of methacrylic acid (MAA) ), 6.10 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (2-HEMA), 0.67 g of 1-dodecanethiol, and 0.67 g of 2,2'-azo diiso Nitrile (2,2'-azobis-isobutyronitrile, AIBN for short) was placed in an Erlenmeyer flask, stirred and mixed to form a first component. Next, weigh 116.29 grams of PGMEA in a 500 ml separation reaction tank, and set up a stirrer, a condenser tube and a temperature controller, and pass nitrogen gas, while stirring and heating to 100 ° C, after constant temperature, the above The first batch is dropped into the reaction tank at a rate of about 2.5 cc/min. After the reaction is completed at 100 ° C for 6 hours, the heater and nitrogen are turned off, the product is taken out from the reaction tank, and left to stand for cooling. An alkali-soluble resin having a solid content of 36.46 wt% is obtained.
<白色光阻組成物及白色膜><White photoresist composition and white film>
[實施例1][Example 1]
使用4公斤級的球磨罐加入1.25公斤且直徑為3mm的鋯球,以及54克的合成例1之經3-(三甲氧基矽烷)丙基甲基丙烯酸酯改質之二氧化鈦、280克的PGMEA和16.2克的分散劑(商品名為Solspherse 24000),以球磨機研磨分散48小時,接著加入93.3克的合成例3之鹼可溶樹脂、7克的二季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯(型號M400)、2.92克的光起始劑(商品名為CGI242)、2.92克的光起始劑(商品名為OXE01)以及117克的PGMEA,並持續研磨24小時,即可獲得本案白色光阻組成物。1.25 kg of zirconium spheres having a diameter of 3 mm and 54 g of titanium dioxide modified with 3-(trimethoxydecane)propyl methacrylate of Synthesis Example 1, 280 g of PGMEA were added using a 4 kg ball mill. And 16.2 g of a dispersant (trade name: Solspherse 24000), which was ground in a ball mill for 48 hours, followed by the addition of 93.3 g of the alkali soluble resin of Synthesis Example 3, 7 g of dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (Model M400), 2.92 g. The photoinitiator (trade name CGI242), 2.92 g of a photoinitiator (trade name: OXE01), and 117 g of PGMEA were continuously milled for 24 hours to obtain a white photoresist composition of the present invention.
將配製好的白色光阻組成物藉由旋轉塗佈方式,以轉速500 rpm旋塗5秒及轉速800 rpm旋塗15秒,將該白色光阻組成物塗佈在一透明玻璃基板上,再以90℃預烤1分鐘,接著以曝光能量為72mJ/cm2的紫外光源,將該塗膜於光罩下進行曝光,然後以顯影液(購自長春化工,商品名為CD706)進行顯影,未曝光部份將被顯影液洗去,曝光的部分經水洗與吹乾後,再經高溫(220℃)烘烤30分鐘,即可獲得本案的白色膜。該白色光阻組成物及白色膜的各檢測項目評價所得結果如表1所示。The prepared white photoresist composition was spin-coated at 500 rpm for 5 seconds and spin at 800 rpm for 15 seconds by spin coating, and the white photoresist composition was coated on a transparent glass substrate. The film was pre-baked at 90 ° C for 1 minute, and then exposed to a UV light source having an exposure energy of 72 mJ/cm 2 , and the film was exposed to a mask, and then developed with a developing solution (purchased from Changchun Chemical Co., trade name: CD706). The unexposed portion will be washed away by the developer, and the exposed portion is washed with water and dried, and then baked at a high temperature (220 ° C) for 30 minutes to obtain a white film of the present invention. The results of evaluation of each test item of the white photoresist composition and the white film are shown in Table 1.
[實施例2][Embodiment 2]
使用4公斤級的球磨罐加入1.25公斤且直徑為3mm的鋯球,以及54克的合成例2之經三乙氧基矽烷改質的二氧化鈦、280克的PGMEA和16.2克的分散劑(商品名為Solspherse 24000),以球磨機研磨分散48小時,接著加入93.3克的合成例3之鹼可溶樹脂、7克的二季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯(商品名M400)、2.92克的光起始劑(商品名為CGI242)、2.92克的光起始劑(商品名為OXE01)以及117克的PGMEA,並持續研磨24小時,即可獲得本案白色光阻組成物。1.25 kg of zirconium spheres having a diameter of 3 mm and 54 g of triethoxy decane-modified titanium dioxide of Synthesis Example 2, 280 g of PGMEA and 16.2 g of dispersant (trade name) were added using a 4 kg ball mill tank. For Solspherse 24000), it was ground and dispersed by a ball mill for 48 hours, followed by the addition of 93.3 g of the alkali soluble resin of Synthesis Example 3, 7 g of dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (trade name M400), and 2.92 g of a photoinitiator (trade name). It was CGI242), 2.92 g of a photoinitiator (trade name: OXE01), and 117 g of PGMEA, and was continuously ground for 24 hours to obtain a white photoresist composition of the present invention.
將配製好的白色光阻組成物藉由旋轉塗佈方式,以轉速500 rpm旋塗5秒及轉速800 rpm旋塗15秒,將該白色光阻組成物塗佈在一透明玻璃基板上,再以90℃預烤1分鐘,接著以曝光能量為72mj/cm2的紫外光源,將該塗膜於光罩下進行曝光,然後以顯影液(購自長春化工,商品名為CD706)進行顯影,未曝光部份將被顯影液洗去,曝光的部分經水洗與吹乾後,再經高溫(220℃)烘烤30分鐘,即可獲得本案的白色膜。該白色光阻組成物及白色膜的各檢測項目評價所得結果如表1所示。The prepared white photoresist composition was spin-coated at 500 rpm for 5 seconds and spin at 800 rpm for 15 seconds by spin coating, and the white photoresist composition was coated on a transparent glass substrate. Pre-baked at 90 ° C for 1 minute, followed by exposure to a UV light source with an exposure energy of 72 mj / cm 2 , and then developed with a developer (purchased from Changchun Chemical, trade name CD706). The unexposed portion will be washed away by the developer, and the exposed portion is washed with water and dried, and then baked at a high temperature (220 ° C) for 30 minutes to obtain a white film of the present invention. The results of evaluation of each test item of the white photoresist composition and the white film are shown in Table 1.
[比較例1][Comparative Example 1]
使用4公斤級的球磨罐加入1.25公斤且直徑為3 mm的鋯球,以及40克的二氧化鈦(商品名為CR50-2)及14克二氧化鈦(商品名為TTO-55S)、280克的PGMEA和16.2克的分散劑(商品名為Solspherse 24000),以球磨機研磨分散48小時,接著加入93.3克的合成例3之鹼可溶樹脂、7克的二季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯(商品名M400)、2.92克的光起始劑(商品名為CGI242)、2.92克的光起始劑(商品名為OXE01)以及117克的PGMEA,並持續研磨24小時,即可獲得本案白色光阻組成物。Use a 4 kg ball mill jar to add 1.25 kg of zirconium spheres with a diameter of 3 mm, and 40 g of titanium dioxide (trade name CR50-2) and 14 g of titanium dioxide (trade name TTO-55S), 280 g of PGMEA and 16.2 g of a dispersant (trade name: Solspherse 24000), which was ground and dispersed by a ball mill for 48 hours, followed by the addition of 93.3 g of the alkali-soluble resin of Synthesis Example 3, 7 g of dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (trade name M400), and 2.92 g. The photoinitiator (trade name CGI242), 2.92 g of a photoinitiator (trade name: OXE01), and 117 g of PGMEA were continuously milled for 24 hours to obtain a white photoresist composition of the present invention.
將配製好的白色光阻組成物藉由旋轉塗佈方式,以轉速500 rpm旋塗5秒及轉速800 rpm旋塗15秒,將該白色光阻組成物塗佈在一透明玻璃基板上,再以90℃預烤1分鐘,接著以曝光能量為72 mj/cm2的紫外光源,將該塗膜於光罩下進行曝光,然後以顯影液(購自長春化工,商品名為CD706)進行顯影,未曝光部份將被顯影液洗去,曝光的部分經水洗與吹乾後,再經高溫(220 ℃)烘烤30分鐘,即可獲得本案的白色膜。該白色光阻組成物及白色膜的各檢測項目評價所得結果如表1所示。The prepared white photoresist composition was spin-coated at 500 rpm for 5 seconds and spin at 800 rpm for 15 seconds by spin coating, and the white photoresist composition was coated on a transparent glass substrate. Pre-baked at 90 ° C for 1 minute, followed by exposure to a UV light source with an exposure energy of 72 mj / cm 2 , and then developed with a developer (purchased from Changchun Chemical, trade name CD706) The unexposed portion will be washed away by the developer, and the exposed portion is washed with water and dried, and then baked at a high temperature (220 ° C) for 30 minutes to obtain a white film of the present invention. The results of evaluation of each test item of the white photoresist composition and the white film are shown in Table 1.
1. 顯影性量測:1. Developability measurement:
將實施例1、實施例2及比較例1之白色膜以100倍光學顯微鏡觀察曝光部分與未曝光部份,其中,未曝光部份完全洗淨,顯影性則評為優(O);有少數黑點(小於1微米)未洗淨則評為尚可(△);若有多數黑點或黑塊(大於1微米)則評為不良(X)。The white film of Example 1, Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 was observed for the exposed portion and the unexposed portion with a 100-fold optical microscope, wherein the unexposed portion was completely washed, and the developability was evaluated as excellent (O); A small number of black spots (less than 1 micron) are rated as acceptable (△); if there are many black spots or black blocks (greater than 1 micron), they are rated as bad (X).
2. 分散性量測:2. Dispersion measurement:
將實施例1、實施例2及比較例1之白色膜以200倍光學顯微鏡觀察圖案的表面,其中,若為均勻膜層則評為優(O);若有少數龜裂或不均勻處(小於圖案面積之10%),則評為尚可(△);若有多數表面呈現不均勻狀或龜裂狀(大於圖案面積之10%),則評為不良(X)。The white films of Example 1, Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 were observed on the surface of the pattern by a 200-fold optical microscope, wherein if it was a uniform film layer, it was rated as excellent (O); if there were a few cracks or unevenness ( If it is less than 10% of the pattern area, it is rated as (△); if most of the surface is uneven or cracked (greater than 10% of the pattern area), it is rated as bad (X).
3. 反射率量測:紫外光光譜儀,型號:PERKIN ELMER UV/VIS/NIR Spectrometer Lambda 900。3. Reflectance measurement: UV spectrometer, model: PERKIN ELMER UV/VIS/NIR Spectrometer Lambda 900.
4. 安定性量測:4. Stability measurement:
將實施例1、實施例2及比較例1之白色光阻組成物進行黏度量測並記錄之。將實施例1、實施例2及比較例1之白色光阻組成物置於-10℃下,以7天為一週期,每7天後取出並放置於室溫下1小時後量測其黏度,共計量測28天,再分別與該等組成物原有黏度比較並計算黏度變化範圍。若黏度變化範圍為小於5%,表示安定性為優(O);若黏度變化範圍為5%~10%,表示安定性尚可(△);若黏度變化範圍大於10%,表示安定性不佳(X)。The white photoresist compositions of Example 1, Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 were subjected to viscosity measurement and recorded. The white photoresist compositions of Example 1, Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 were placed at -10 ° C for 7 days, and after 7 days, they were taken out and placed at room temperature for 1 hour, and then the viscosity was measured. A total of 28 days were measured, and then the original viscosity of the compositions was compared and the viscosity change range was calculated. If the viscosity variation range is less than 5%, it indicates that the stability is excellent (O); if the viscosity varies from 5% to 10%, it indicates that the stability is acceptable (△); if the viscosity varies by more than 10%, it indicates that the stability is not Good (X).
5. 平均粒徑量測:高濃度雷射奈米粒徑Zeta電位及分子量儀,型號:Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZS。5. Average particle size measurement: high concentration laser nanoparticle zeta potential and molecular weight meter, model: Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZS.
由表1中之實施例1及實施例2的測試結果可知,該白色光阻組成物中使用經矽醇鹽改質的二氧化鈦,可使得該白色光阻組成物具有較佳分散性及顯影性;且由該等白色光阻組成物所形成的白色膜,其反射率分別為50.38%及50.87%,表示該經矽醇鹽改質的二氧化鈦不會產生聚集,因而使得該白色光阻組成物具有較佳的分散性,繼而形成具有高反射率的白色膜,再者,因白色光阻組成物具有較佳的分散性可提升儲存的安定性;反觀比較例1之白色光阻組成物具有較差的顯影性、分散性及安定性,且所形成的膜反射率僅為39.65%,其功效皆比該等實施例來的差,由此可證明,本發明白色光阻組成物透過使用經矽醇鹽改質的二氧化鈦,確實能達成本發明之目的。It can be seen from the test results of Example 1 and Example 2 in Table 1 that the white photoresist composition uses titanium oxide modified by decyl alcohol to make the white photoresist composition have better dispersibility and developability. And the white films formed by the white photoresist compositions have reflectances of 50.38% and 50.87%, respectively, indicating that the bismuth alkoxide-modified titanium dioxide does not aggregate, thereby making the white photoresist composition It has better dispersibility, and then forms a white film with high reflectivity. Furthermore, since the white photoresist composition has better dispersibility, the stability of storage can be improved; in contrast, the white photoresist composition of Comparative Example 1 has Poor developability, dispersibility and stability, and the film reflectance formed is only 39.65%, and its efficacy is inferior to those of the examples, thereby demonstrating that the white photoresist composition of the present invention is used through The bismuth alkoxide-modified titanium dioxide does achieve the object of the present invention.
惟以上所述者,僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已,當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍,即大凡依本發明申請專利範圍及發明說明內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾,皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the invention and the description of the invention are All remain within the scope of the invention patent.
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