TW201307839A - Automatic acid rain sampling and analysis system - Google Patents

Abstract

An automatic acid rain sampling and analysis system comprises a base, and a sample-feeding unit, a sample-dispatching unit, a measurement unit and a chromatograph that are all arranged in the base. The sample-dispatching unit comprises a sample-dispatching tube that is communicating with the sample-feeding unit, a first collection bottle that is communicating with the sample-dispatching tube, and a second collection bottle that is communicating with the sample-dispatching tube. The measurement unit comprises a measuring meter for measuring pH value and electrical conductivity of the rain in the first collection bottle. The chromatograph analyzes the ionic composition of rainwater in the second collection bottle in the sample-dispatching unit, thereby controlling the pollution sources that may discharge polluted ions to the surrounding. Therefore, it can diminish environmental pollution and acid rain production. In addition, this system can also retain rainwater in each rainfall as a sample for subsequent analysis.

Description

Automatic acid rain sampling analysis system

The invention relates to an analysis system, in particular to an automatic acid rain sampling analysis system.

Referring to FIG. 1, the invention patent application of the "acid rain automatic monitoring system" disclosed in CN 1763795A of the People's Republic of China, the system disclosed in the present invention comprises an instrument cabinet 11 and a rain sensor 12 disposed on the instrument cabinet 11. a rain collecting funnel 13 disposed on the instrument cabinet 11 , a rain cover 14 disposed on the rain collecting funnel 13 , a sampling cylinder connected to the rain collecting funnel 13 and disposed in the instrument cabinet 11 15. An analysis measuring unit 16 connected to the sampling cylinder 15 and disposed in the instrument cabinet 11.

When the rain sensor 12 senses that rainwater has fallen, the rain cover 14 is automatically opened to allow the rainwater collecting funnel 13 to collect rainwater, the rainwater flows into the sampling cylinder 15, and finally the rainwater is introduced into the analysis and measurement section from the sampling cylinder 15. 16. The analysis and measurement unit 16 can detect the pH value, the conductivity, and the temperature of the rainwater flowing into the rainwater, and transmit the data to a central station (not shown) by using the network, thereby automatically The rainwater pH value, conductivity, and temperature of the rain are analyzed, and it is possible to determine whether it is an acid rain that is harmful to the environment.

Because the acid rain automatic monitoring system only measures the pH value, conductivity and temperature of the rainwater, it can only passively know whether the rainwater is acid rain, and it is impossible to know the composition of the acid rain. Therefore, it is impossible to find the pollution source from the components of the acid rain, and thus cannot Improve the acid rain environment.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic acid rain sampling analysis system that provides ionic components in rainwater.

Therefore, the automatic acid rain sampling analysis system of the present invention comprises a base, a sample introduction unit disposed in the base, a sample separation unit disposed in the base, and a measurement unit disposed in the base. And an ion measuring unit disposed in the base.

The sample introduction unit comprises a water storage bottle for temporarily storing rainwater, and the sample separation unit comprises a sample tube connected to the water storage bottle of the sample introduction unit and capable of flowing rain water, and a first collection bottle connected to the sample tube. And a second collection bottle connected to the sample tube, the rainwater in the water storage bottle of the sample introduction unit is guided into the first collection bottle and the second collection bottle via the sample tube, and the measuring unit includes a a measuring tube connected to the first collecting bottle, and a meter connected to the measuring tube, the meter having two electrodes for measuring the pH value and conductivity of the rainwater, respectively, wherein the rainwater of the first collecting bottle passes through the The measuring tube flows into the meter for measurement, the ion measuring unit includes a water pump connected to the second collecting bottle of the sampling unit, and a chromatograph that communicates with the water pump and is capable of analyzing ion components in the rainwater. The water pump can extract rainwater from the second collection bottle of the sample unit to the chromatograph to analyze the ion content in the rainwater.

The invention has the beneficial effects that the chromatograph can analyze the components of the ions in the rainwater, so that the contaminated ions causing the acid rain can be analyzed, thereby controlling the pollution sources that emit pollutant ions around, thereby reducing environmental pollution and acid rain. produce.

The above and other technical contents, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments.

Referring to FIG. 2, a preferred embodiment of the automatic acid rain sampling analysis system of the present invention comprises a base 2, a sample introduction unit 3 disposed in the base 2, and a sample separation unit disposed in the base 2. 4. A measuring unit 5 disposed in the base 2, an ion measuring unit 6 disposed in the base 2, and a sampling unit 7 disposed in the base 2.

The pedestal 2 includes a rain collecting bucket 21, a dust cover 22 covering the rain collecting bucket 21, and a rain sensor 23 for controlling the dustproof cover 22. The rain collecting bucket 21 has a connection with the outside. Opening 211.

Referring to FIG. 3, the sample introduction unit 3 includes a rainwater metering bottle 31 connected to the rainwater collecting bucket 21 (see FIG. 2), a water storage bottle 32 for temporarily storing rainwater, and a rainwater metering bottle 31 and a water storage bottle 32. The water storage pipe 33 is also connected to a cleaning tank (not shown) for storing pure water.

The sample separation unit 4 includes a sample tube 41 connected to the water storage bottle 32 of the sample introduction unit 3 and capable of flowing rain water, a first collection bottle 42 communicating with the sample tube 41, and a sample collection tube connected thereto. a second collection bottle 43 of 41, and a third collection bottle 44 communicating with the sample tube 41, the rainwater in the water storage bottle 32 of the sample introduction unit 3 is guided into the first collection bottle via the sample tube 41. 42. The second collection bottle 43 and the third collection bottle 44.

The measuring unit 5 includes a measuring tube 51 that communicates with the first collecting bottle 42, a meter 52 that communicates with the measuring tube 51, a cleaning tube 53 that communicates with the meter 52, and a communication tube 53 that communicates with the measuring tube 53. a cleaning bottle 54, and a calibration bottle 55 connected to the cleaning tube 53, the meter 52 having two electrodes 521 for measuring the pH value and conductivity of the rainwater, respectively, the rainwater of the first collection bottle 42 The measuring tube 51 flows into the meter 52 for measurement, and the cleaning bottle 54 is for storing pure water and is connected to a cleaning tank (not shown) for storing pure water. The calibration bottle 55 is used for storing. The calibration solution is connected to a calibration tank (not shown) for storing the calibration solution. In the present embodiment, a calibration solution having a pH of 4 is used.

The ion measuring unit 6 includes a water pump 61 that communicates with the second collection bottle 43 of the sample unit 4, and a chromatograph 62 that communicates with the water pump 61 and is capable of analyzing ion components in rainwater. The chromatograph 62 is used for Analyze the ionic components in rainwater, especially the ionic components that cause acid rain, such as nitrate (NO ₃ ^- ), nitrite (NO ₂ ^- ), sulfate (SO ₄ ^2- ), phosphate (PO ₄ ^3- ), chloride salt (Cl ^- ), ammonium salt (NH ₄ ⁺ ), sodium salt (Na ⁺ ), calcium salt (Ca ²⁺ ), potassium salt (K ⁺ ), magnesium salt (Mg ²⁺ ) plasma.

Referring to FIG. 4, the sampling unit 7 includes a sample collection tube 71 connected to the third collection bottle 44, a dispenser 77 connected to the sample collection tube 71, and a plurality of sample vials 72 connected to the dispenser 77. The dispenser 77 has a positioning screw 73 for driving the sample collection tube 71, a collecting block 74 for receiving the sample collecting tube 71, and a plurality of communicating with the collecting block 74 and respectively communicating with the sample bottles 72. Catheter 76. In the present embodiment, the vials 72 are stored in an incubator 75 having refrigeration equipment.

Referring back to FIG. 2, the present invention controls an automated operation and analysis of a plurality of control valves respectively disposed on the pipeline through an editable logic controller (PLC). When a diameter of 0.5 mm is dropped onto the rain sensor 23, the dust cover 22 is opened and moved to a position indicated by an imaginary line in the drawing, so that rainwater enters the rain collecting barrel 21 from the opening 211 of the rain collecting barrel 21, and cooperates. Referring to Figure 3, the rainwater metering bottle 31 starts to draw rainwater, and the rainwater harvested each time reaches 0.1 mm (about 7.068 cc), that is, the rainwater flows into the water storage bottle 32, and needs to collect 0.5 mm (35.34 cc) or more per hour. The rain is performed to cause the rainwater to flow into the first collection bottle 42, the second collection bottle 43, and the third collection bottle 44 via the sample tube 41.

Before the operation of the splitting, the residual water in the meter 52, the first collection bottle 42, the second collection bottle 43, and the third collection bottle 44 is first discharged to avoid the measurement result of the previous residual rainwater influence.

After the splitting, the first collecting bottle 42, the second collecting bottle 43, and the third collecting bottle 44 each have about 10 c.c. of rainwater, and then the rainwater in the first collecting bottle 42 is passed through the measuring tube 51. The meter 52 is flown into the meter 52, and the pH value and conductivity of the rainwater are measured by the electrode 521 of the meter 52, and the water pump 61 of the ion measuring unit 6 extracts rainwater from the second collection bottle 43 and transports it. To the chromatograph 62, ions which cause acid rain components such as nitrate (NO ₃ ^- ), nitrite (NO ₂ ^- ), sulfate (SO ₄ ^2- ), phosphate (PO ₄ ^3- ), chlorine are analyzed. Salt (Cl ^- ), ammonium salt (NH ₄ ⁺ ), sodium salt (Na ⁺ ), calcium salt (Ca ²⁺ ), potassium salt (K ⁺ ), magnesium salt (Mg ²⁺ ) and the like.

Referring to FIG. 4, the rainwater in the third collection bottle 44 flows through the sample collection tube 71 to the current collecting block 74, flows into the sample bottle 72 through one of the conduits 76, and can be controlled by the PLC through the PLC. The sample collection tube 71 moves within the manifold 74 and directs the sample collection tube 71 to a different conduit 76 such that rainwater in the third collection vial 44 can flow into different vials 72 via different conduits 76, respectively. The rainwater dropped at different times is stored as a sample. In the present embodiment, the PLC is set to drive the sample collection tube 71 once a day through the positioning screw 73. Therefore, each sample bottle 72 collects rainwater dropped on different days.

In addition, the incubator 75 maintains the rainwater in the collection bottles 72 at a constant temperature, thereby avoiding changes in the rainwater component of the collection bottle 72 caused by temperature changes in the external environment. In this embodiment, the incubator is allowed. The temperature inside was kept at 25 °C.

Referring to Figure 3, when there is no water drop on the rain sensor 23 (see Figure 2), it is judged that the rain is over, and each time after a rain is over, the same logic is passed through the editable program logic controller, which will be preset. The pure water and the calibration liquid in the cleaning bottle 54 and the calibration bottle 55 are automatically flown into the meter 52, and the pH values in the electrode 521 and the calibration meter 52 are cleaned, and pure water is also introduced into the meter. The rainwater metering bottle 31 is discharged into the water storage bottle 32 and the sample separation unit 4 in order, and is cleaned, waiting for the next rain to start, and measuring again.

Referring to FIG. 2, the measured and analyzed data such as pH value, conductivity, and ionic composition are stored in a hard disk (not shown) of the industrial computer 8 (PC) and backed up in a memory. In the card (not shown), the industrial computer 8 further includes a display touch screen 81 and an input keyboard 82. The input time keyboard 82 or the display touch screen 81 can set the system time, various control parameters, or manually The control system, such as manually controlling the dust cover 22 switch, cleaning the meter 52, cleaning the sample unit 4, etc., and reviewing the measured and analyzed data.

In this way, the nature of the rainwater for each rainfall is recorded in detail, especially the ionic component analysis of acid rain, which analyzes the main polluting ions that cause acid rain, and can thereby control the pollution sources that emit this polluted ions around, such as Chemical factories, waste incineration plants, etc., reduce the emission of polluted ions and reduce the occurrence of acid rain.

In summary, the automatic acid rain sampling analysis system of the present invention enables the measuring unit 5 and the chromatograph 62 to analyze the pH value, conductivity and ion composition of each rainwater by automatic control, thereby being able to systematically find The corresponding source of pollution is produced, thereby reducing the occurrence of pollution, so that the object of the present invention can be achieved.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the invention and the description of the invention are All remain within the scope of the invention patent.

2. . . Pedestal

twenty one. . . Rain bucket

211. . . Opening

twenty two. . . Dust cover

twenty three. . . Rain sensor

3. . . Injection unit

31. . . Rainwater metering bottle

32. . . Water storage bottle

33. . . Water storage pipe

4. . . Dividing unit

41. . . Sample tube

42. . . First collection bottle

43. . . Second collection bottle

44. . . Third collection bottle

5. . . Measuring unit

51. . . Measuring tube

52. . . Meter

521. . . electrode

53. . . Cleaning tube

54. . . Cleaning bottle

55. . . Calibration bottle

6. . . Ion measurement unit

61. . . Water pump

62. . . Chromatograph

7. . . Sampling unit

71. . . Sample collection tube

72. . . Vial

73. . . Positioning screw

74. . . Current collector

75. . . cooler box

76. . . catheter

77. . . Distributor

8. . . Industrial computer

81. . . Display touch screen

82. . . Input keyboard

Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the invention patent application of the "acid rain automatic monitoring system" of the People's Republic of China No. CN 1763795A;

Figure 2 is a schematic view showing a preferred embodiment of the automatic acid rain sampling analysis system of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic view showing a sample injection unit, a sample separation unit, and a measurement unit of the preferred embodiment; and

Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the aspect of a sampling unit of the preferred embodiment.

2. . . Pedestal

twenty one. . . Rain bucket

211. . . Opening

twenty two. . . Dust cover

twenty three. . . Rain sensor

3. . . Injection unit

4. . . Dividing unit

5. . . Measuring unit

6. . . Ion measurement unit

7. . . Sampling unit

8. . . Industrial computer

81. . . Display touch screen

82. . . Input keyboard

Claims (8)

An automatic acid rain sampling and analysis system comprises: a base; a sample injection unit disposed in the base and comprising a water storage bottle for temporarily storing rain water; a sample unit disposed in the base and including a a sample tube connected to the water storage bottle of the sample introduction unit and capable of flowing rain water, a first collection bottle connected to the sample tube, and a second collection bottle connected to the sample tube, the sample unit The rainwater in the water storage bottle is guided into the first collection bottle and the second collection bottle through the sample tube; a measuring unit is disposed in the base and includes a measuring tube connected to the first collecting bottle, And a meter connected to the measuring tube, the meter having two electrodes for measuring the pH value and conductivity of the rainwater, wherein the rainwater of the first collecting bottle flows into the meter through the measuring tube to perform And an ion measuring unit, disposed in the base and including a water pump connected to the second collecting bottle of the sample dividing unit, and a chromatograph connected to the water pump and capable of analyzing ion components in the rainwater, The pump is capable of extracting the second collection of the sample unit Rainwater to the chromatograph, the analytical ionic component rainwater. The automatic acid rain sampling analysis system according to claim 1, wherein the sample separation unit further comprises a third collection bottle connected to the sample tube, wherein the rainwater in the water storage bottle of the sample introduction unit is The sample tube is diverted into the first collection bottle, the second collection bottle and the third collection bottle. The automatic acid rain sampling analysis system according to claim 2, further comprising a sampling unit connected to the third collection bottle, wherein the sampling unit comprises a sample collection tube connected to the third collection bottle, A dispenser coupled to the sample collection tube, and a plurality of vials coupled to the dispenser, the rainwater in the third collection vial being dispensed through the sample collection tube and through the dispenser to the vials. The automatic acid rain sampling analysis system according to claim 3, wherein the dispenser of the sampling unit has a positioning screw that drives displacement of the sample collection tube, a current collecting tube that receives the sample collection tube, and a plurality of A conduit that is connected to the manifold and that is in communication with the vials, respectively. The automatic acid rain sampling analysis system according to claim 1, wherein the sample introduction unit further comprises a rainwater quantitative bottle, and a water storage pipe connecting the rainwater quantitative bottle and the water storage bottle, the rainwater in the rainwater quantitative bottle When a set amount is reached, rainwater in the rainwater metering bottle can be introduced into the water storage bottle via the water storage pipe. The automatic acid rain sampling analysis system according to claim 5, wherein the base comprises a rainwater collecting bucket connected to the rainwater quantitative bottle, the rainwater collecting bucket having an opening communicating with the outside. The automatic acid rain sampling analysis system according to claim 6, wherein the base further comprises a dust cover covered on the rain collecting barrel, and a rain sensor for controlling the dust cover switch. The automatic acid rain sampling analysis system according to claim 1, wherein the measuring unit further comprises a cleaning tube connected to the meter, a cleaning bottle connected to the cleaning tube, and a communication tube connected to the cleaning tube. Correction bottle.