201248103 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一链带y a 一種可確實地進^_ :、之熔解狀態判定裝置，尤其闕於 裝置。 丁料之溶解結束之判定之炫解狀態判定 【先前技術】 於電孤爐中，經诉6 進行_^_1 料轉㈣㈣紗廢料並 加㈣業隊而祕^ 確認廢料之可追h卜y v驟向下一歩驟之轉移係 魏_化等炫解結束 之電弧爐中對作金由七此 疋叮但因於在閉式 程式地設定輸入電力哥之磁… 雞故先刚預先 篝不胁士，从 模式。然而，因廢料之形狀或材質 _X於程式化之控制中存在如下問題：與實際之 =解狀態之偏差較大，若考慮安全係數而確保充分餘裕 則θ導致多餘之電力雜或熱損失、熱點之產生等。 因此’例如專利文獻1中揭示有如下電弧爐：藉由與電弧 爐之爐壁相接觸地設置麥克風，使爐内放電音可視化為電流 波形，根據電錢㈣為振幅較小之穩定狀^判定作為溶 解結束之一種之炫化。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻] [專利文獻1]曰本專利特公昭55·17314 101108811 201248103 【發明内容】 (發明所欲解決之問題） 然而，於上述先前將爐内放電音可視化為電流波形並根據 電流波形之變化而判定私化者，尚存在無法進行確實之炼化 判定之問題。 因此，本發明係為解決此種課題者，其目的在於提供一種 可確實地判定廢料之溶解結束而可不產生多餘電力消耗等 地進行向下一步驟之步驟轉移的電弧爐之熔解狀態判定裝 置。 (解決問題之手段） 為達成上述目的，本第1發明具備：聲音檢測手段(71)， 其檢測電弧爐之爐内產生音，並輸出與檢測出之聲音之強度 對應之聲音信號(71a) ’頻率解析手段(72)，其解析聲音芦號 (71a)之頻率而獲得頻率-強度信號(72a);及判定手段(4)，其 於上述頻率-強度信號(72a)中以基本頻率之偶數倍頻率為中 心之區域之信號成分之強度，相較接近該區域之低頻側及高 頻側之各區域之信號成分強度，持續一定時間以上地高出既 定量以上時，狀為廢料之溶解結束。再者，此處「溶解結 束」中包含使廢料之追裳成為可能t「可追散」、及向氧化 精煉等轉移之「熔化」。即，若將上述「一定時間」設定為 相對較關可判定「可追裝」，若將「1時間」狀^相 對較長則可判定「熔化」。 101108811 4 201248103 根據發明者之實驗，於廢料之熔解結束時，以基本頻率之 偶數倍頻率為中心之區域之信號成分之強度相較接近該區 域之低頻側及高頻侧之各區域之信號成分之強度明顯變 高。因此，若於以基本頻率之偶數倍頻率為中心之區域之信 號成分強度，相較接近δ亥區域之低頻側及高頻側之各區域之 信號成分之強度高出既定量以上的狀態持續一定時間以上 時判定為廢料之熔解結束，則可確實地判定爐内之廢料之熔 解結束，而可避免此後多餘之電力消耗等。 本第2發明具備：聲音檢測手段(71)，其檢測電弧爐之爐 内產生音，並輸出與檢測出之聲音之強度對應之聲音信號 (71a);頻率解析手段(72)，其解析聲音信號(71a)之頻率而獲 得頻率··強度信號(72a);及判定手段(4)，其於下述狀態持續 —定時間以上時判定為廢料之熔解結束，上述狀態係於以基 本頻率之偶數倍頻率為中心之區域以既定信號強度範圍所 設定之第1檢測區域(P)中，上述頻率·強度信號(72a)之至少 —部分之信號成分進入至該區域内，且於較上述偶數倍頻率 為低頻側與高頻側之頻率區域中分別以既定信號強度範圍 所设定之第2及第3檢測區域(Q、R)中，上述頻率_強度传 號(72a)之信號成分全部進入至該等區域内。 根據本第2發明，由各檢測區域中頻率-強度信號之行 為’可確實地認定以基本頻率之偶數倍頻率為中心之區域之 信號成分強度’相較接近該區域之低頻側及高頻側之各區域 101108811 5 201248103 之信號成分強度高出既定量以上的狀態持續一定時間以 上，從而可判定廢料之熔解結束。 本發明亦可作為方法而實現，於該情形時，電弧爐之熔解 狀態判定方法係檢測電弧爐之爐内產生音，並解析與檢測出 之聲音之強度對應之聲音信號之頻率，而獲得頻率-強度信 號，於上述頻率-強度信號中以基本頻率之偶數倍頻率為中 心之區域之信號成分強度，相較接近該區域之低頻側及高頻 側之各區域之信號成分強度，持續一定時間以上地高出既定 量以上時，判定為廢料之溶解結束。再者，此處「溶解結束」 中包含使廢料之追裝成為可能之「可追裝」、及向氧化精煉 等轉移之「熔化」。即，若將上述「一定時間」設定為相對 較短則可判定「可追裝」，若將「一定時間」設定為相對較 長則可判定「熔化」。 又，電弧爐之熔解狀態判定方法係檢測電弧爐之爐内產生 音，並解析與檢測出之聲音強度對應之聲音信號頻率，而獲 得頻率-音強度信號，於下述狀態持續一定時間以上時判定 為廢料之熔解結束，上述狀態係於以基本頻率之偶數倍頻率 為中心之區域中以既定信號強度範圍所設定之第1檢測區 域中，上述頻率-強度信號之至少一部分之信號成分進入至 該區域内，且於較上述偶數倍頻率為低頻側與高頻側之頻率 區域中分別以既定信號強度範圍所設定之第2及第3檢測區 域中，上述頻率-強度信號之信號成分全部進入至該等區域 101108811 6 201248103 内。 再者，較佳為將上述偶數倍之頻率設為4倍。 上述括號内之符號係表示與下述實施形態中記載之具體 手段之對應關係。 (發明效果） 如上所述，根據本發明之電弧爐之熔解狀態判定裝置，可 確實地判定廢料之溶解結束而可不產生多餘之電力消耗等 地進行向下一步驟之步驟轉移。 【實施方式】 (第1實施形態） 於圖1中’在直至商用電源之主電路i設置有具備分接頭 轉換器之爐用變壓器2，其二次側電路u直至電弧爐3之 電極31。現在所選擇之分接頭位置之信號2a自爐用變壓器 2向控制裝置4輸出，另一方面，自控制裝置4對爐用變壓 器2輸出用以選擇所需之分接頭位置之分接頭選擇指令信 唬4a。於二次側電路u中設置有儀錶用變流器51及儀錶 用變壓器5 2 ’向控制裴置4分別反饋二次侧電路丨丨之電流 (電弧電流)1與電壓（電弧電壓)v。電極31由省略圖式之電 極升降機構保持而可進行升降，藉由接收來自控制裝置4 之電流扎令佗號4b之電極升降裝置6而使其相對於爐内之 廢料32適當地上升或下降。 於自電弧爐3離開之位置’朝向其設置有作為聲音檢測手 101108811 ^ 201248103 段之噪音計71。作為噪音計71，例如可使用ri〇n股份有限 公司製造之N.L-21等。噪音計71係檢測電弧爐3之爐内產 生音，並輸出與檢測出之聲音強度對應之聲音信號71a。聲 音信號71a被輸入至頻率解析裝置72並被分離成各頻率成 分，而生成頻率-強度信號72a。頻率-強度信號72a被發送 至控制裝置4，藉由下述順序掌握電弧爐3之廢料之可追裝 及熔化，而判定可否向下一步驟之廢料追裝或氧化精煉之轉 移。再者，亦可將頻率解析裝置72與控制裝置4 一體化， 利用控制裝置4之硬體或軟體之一部分實現頻率解析之功 能。 此處’圖2中表示商用電源之基本頻率為5〇 Hz、爐用變 壓器之容量為75 MVA、爐容量為1 〇〇 t之情形時的聲音信 號71a中，為基本頻率4倍的頻率200 Hz與其低頻側及高 頻側之190 Hz、210 Hz之信號成分之時間變化。據此，於 初裝炼解、追裝1炼解、追裝2炼解之任一步驟中，均於其 末期之廢料之可追裝或熔化時，19〇 Hz、21〇 Hz之各信號 強度大幅降低，相對於此，2〇〇 Hz之信號強度反而是變高 或其降低程度較小，從而信號強度相對於低頻側與高頻側之 190 Hz、210 Hz之各信號而明顯變高。 因此，為檢測聲音信號71a中為基本頻率4倍之頻率2〇〇 Hz附近之信號成分強度，相對於其低頻側與高頻側之【卯 Hz、210 Hz附近之信號成分強度明顯較高的狀態，而於控 101108811 8 201248103 制裝置4中，對於頻率-強度信號72a设定例如圖3〜圖5 所示之第1〜第3檢測區域p、Q、r。 於本實施形態中，將檢測區域P設定為以商用頻率4倍之 頻率200 Hz為中心之頻率I% Hz〜205 Hz之區域且信號強 度90 dB以上之範圍。又，將檢測區域Q設定為較上述頻 率200 Hz為低頻側之頻率170 Hz〜190出之區域且信號強 度80 dB以下之範圍’將檢測區域R設定為較上述頻率200 Hz為高頻側之頻率210 Hz〜230 Hz之區域且信號強度9〇 dB以下之範圍。再者，該等檢測區域係根據具體狀況而於 設計上決定者。 於初裝熔解之初期，如圖3所示，頻率_強度信號72a之 值於檢測區域R中全部進入至5亥區域内，且於檢測區域p 中全然未進入’於檢測區域Q中-部分位於區域外。於初 裝炫解之中期，如圖4所示，頻率·強度信號仏之值於檢 測區域P中大I半進人至該區域内，而於檢測區域q、r 中一部分位於區域外。 相對於此，若於初裝熔解之後期 ,.._ 進仃廢料之熔解，則如圖 5所不’頻率-強度信號72a之 λ 5 .上 知涮區域P中大部分進 入至&域内，並且於檢測區域〇、 中頻率_強庶作號72a 之值全部進入至區域内。其表示頻 "^ 口走71 200 Hz附近之聲音信 號71a之彳g號成分強度，相對於t Μ 01Λ ^ 、/、低頻側與高頻側之190201248103 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a chain y a type of melting state determining device which can be surely entered, especially for a device. Determination of the state of dazzling of the end of the dissolution of the slag [previous technique] In the electric furnace, the smuggling of the _^_1 material transfer (four) (four) yarn waste and add (four) industry team and secret ^ confirm the scrap can be chased yv The shift to the next step is the result of Wei _ hua and other entangled arc furnaces, which are made up of seven 疋叮 疋叮 疋叮 疋叮 疋叮 疋叮 疋叮 疋叮 疋叮 疋叮 疋叮 疋叮 疋叮 疋叮 疋叮 疋叮 疋叮 设定 设定 设定 设定 设定 设定 设定 设定 设定 设定, from the mode. However, due to the shape or material _X of the waste, there is a problem in the control of stylization: the deviation from the actual = solution state is large, and if the safety factor is taken into consideration to ensure sufficient margin, θ causes unnecessary power miscellaneous or heat loss, The generation of hot spots, etc. Therefore, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses an electric arc furnace in which a discharge microphone is provided in contact with a furnace wall of an electric arc furnace to visualize a discharge sound in the furnace as a current waveform, and a stable shape of a small amplitude is determined according to the electric money (4). As a kind of dissolution, it is stunned. [Prior Art Document] [Patent Document 1] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. SHO 55-17314 101108811 201248103 [Problem to be Solved by the Invention] However, the above-described discharge sound in a furnace is visualized as a current waveform. According to the change of the current waveform, the private person is judged, and there is a problem that the actual refining determination cannot be performed. In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a melting state determining device for an electric arc furnace which can reliably determine the completion of dissolution of waste materials and can perform the steps of the next step without causing excessive power consumption. (Means for Solving the Problem) In order to achieve the above object, the first invention includes a sound detecting means (71) for detecting a sound generated in a furnace of an electric arc furnace and outputting a sound signal corresponding to the intensity of the detected sound (71a) a frequency analysis means (72) for analyzing the frequency of the sound reed (71a) to obtain a frequency-intensity signal (72a); and determining means (4) for the fundamental frequency in the frequency-intensity signal (72a) The intensity of the signal component in the region where the even-numbered frequency is centered is the dissolution of the waste material when the signal component intensity of each region on the low-frequency side and the high-frequency side of the region is higher than a predetermined amount or more. End. In addition, "dissolving end" here includes "melting" which makes it possible to trace the scrap, and to "scatter" and to transfer to oxidative refining. In other words, if the "constant time" is set to be relatively close, it is judged that "retrievable", and if the "1 time" is relatively long, "melting" can be determined. 101108811 4 201248103 According to the experiment of the inventor, at the end of the melting of the scrap, the intensity of the signal component in the region centered on the even-numbered frequency of the fundamental frequency is closer to the signal component of each region on the low-frequency side and the high-frequency side of the region. The intensity is significantly higher. Therefore, if the intensity of the signal component in the region centered on the even-numbered frequency of the fundamental frequency is higher than the intensity of the signal component in the region near the low-frequency side and the high-frequency side of the δ-Hai region, the state is higher than the predetermined amount. When it is determined that the melting of the scrap is completed at the time or more, it is possible to surely determine the completion of the melting of the waste in the furnace, and it is possible to avoid unnecessary power consumption and the like thereafter. The second invention includes a sound detecting means (71) for detecting a sound generated in a furnace of the electric arc furnace, and outputting an acoustic signal (71a) corresponding to the intensity of the detected sound, and a frequency analyzing means (72) for analyzing the sound A frequency·intensity signal (72a) is obtained from the frequency of the signal (71a); and a determining means (4) is determined to be the end of the melting of the scrap when the state is continued for a predetermined period of time or longer, and the state is based on the fundamental frequency. In the first detection region (P) in which the even-numbered frequency is centered in a predetermined signal intensity range, at least a part of the signal component of the frequency/intensity signal (72a) enters the region, and is smaller than the even number In the second and third detection regions (Q, R) in which the frequency is the frequency range of the low frequency side and the high frequency side, the signal components of the frequency_intensity signal (72a) are all in the second and third detection regions (Q, R). Enter into these areas. According to the second aspect of the present invention, the behavior of the frequency-intensity signal in each detection region can be surely determined that the signal component intensity of the region centered on the even-numbered frequency of the fundamental frequency is closer to the low-frequency side and the higher-frequency side of the region. In each of the regions 101108811 5 201248103, the signal component intensity is higher than the predetermined amount or more for a certain period of time or longer, and it is determined that the melting of the scrap is completed. The present invention can also be implemented as a method. In this case, the melting state determining method of the electric arc furnace detects the sound generated in the furnace of the electric arc furnace, and analyzes the frequency of the sound signal corresponding to the intensity of the detected sound to obtain the frequency. - an intensity signal, the signal component intensity in a region centered on an even multiple of the fundamental frequency in the frequency-intensity signal, which is closer to a signal component intensity of each of the low-frequency side and the high-frequency side of the region, for a certain period of time When the above amount is more than the above quantitative amount, it is determined that the dissolution of the waste is completed. In addition, "dissolving" includes "retrievable" which makes it possible to chase after the scrap, and "melting" which shifts to oxidative refining. In other words, if the "constant time" is set to be relatively short, "mountable" can be determined, and if "period" is set to be relatively long, "melting" can be determined. Further, the method for determining the melting state of the electric arc furnace detects the sound generated in the furnace of the electric arc furnace, and analyzes the frequency of the sound signal corresponding to the detected sound intensity to obtain a frequency-sound intensity signal, which is maintained for a certain period of time or longer in the following state. It is determined that the melting of the scrap is completed, and the state is that the signal component of at least a part of the frequency-intensity signal is entered in the first detection region set in the predetermined signal intensity range in the region centered on the even-numbered frequency of the fundamental frequency. In the second and third detection regions set in the frequency region where the even-numbered frequency is the low-frequency side and the high-frequency side, respectively, in the region, the signal components of the frequency-intensity signal are all entered. To these areas 101108811 6 201248103. Furthermore, it is preferable to set the frequency of the even multiple to be four times. The symbols in the parentheses indicate the correspondence with the specific means described in the following embodiments. (Effect of the Invention) As described above, according to the melting state determining device of the electric arc furnace of the present invention, it is possible to reliably determine that the dissolution of the waste is completed, and the step of the next step can be shifted without generating unnecessary power consumption. [Embodiment] (First Embodiment) In Fig. 1, a furnace transformer 2 having a tap changer is provided in a main circuit i up to a commercial power source, and a secondary side circuit u is supplied to an electrode 31 of the electric arc furnace 3. The signal 2a of the selected tap position is now output from the furnace transformer 2 to the control unit 4, and on the other hand, the self-control unit 4 outputs a tap selection command letter for selecting the desired tap position to the furnace transformer 2.唬 4a. In the secondary side circuit u, the instrument current transformer 51 and the instrument transformer 5 2 ' are supplied to the control unit 4 to respectively feed back the current (arc current) 1 and the voltage (arc voltage) v of the secondary side circuit. The electrode 31 can be lifted and lowered by being held by the electrode lifting mechanism of the drawing, and is appropriately raised or lowered with respect to the waste material 32 in the furnace by receiving the electrode lifting device 6 of the current winding command 4b from the control device 4. . A noise meter 71 as a sound detecting hand 101108811 ^ 201248103 is disposed at a position away from the electric arc furnace 3 toward it. As the noise meter 71, for example, N.L-21 manufactured by ri〇n Co., Ltd., or the like can be used. The noise meter 71 detects the sound generated in the furnace of the electric arc furnace 3, and outputs an acoustic signal 71a corresponding to the detected sound intensity. The sound signal 71a is input to the frequency analyzing means 72 and separated into frequency components, thereby generating a frequency-intensity signal 72a. The frequency-intensity signal 72a is sent to the control device 4, and the chasing and melting of the scrap of the electric arc furnace 3 is grasped in the following order, and it is determined whether or not the scrap chasing or oxidative refining transfer to the next step can be performed. Further, the frequency analysis device 72 may be integrated with the control device 4, and the function of frequency analysis may be realized by a part of the hardware or software of the control device 4. Here, in Fig. 2, the sound signal 71a in the case where the basic frequency of the commercial power source is 5 Hz, the capacity of the furnace transformer is 75 MVA, and the furnace capacity is 1 〇〇t is 200 times the fundamental frequency. The time variation of the signal components of Hz and 190 Hz and 210 Hz on the low frequency side and the high frequency side. According to this, in any of the steps of initial assembly refining, chasing 1 refining, and chasing 2 refining, each of the signals of 19 〇 Hz and 21 〇 Hz can be chased or melted at the end of the scrap. The intensity is greatly reduced. In contrast, the signal intensity of 2 Hz is higher or lower, so that the signal intensity is significantly higher than the signals of 190 Hz and 210 Hz on the low frequency side and the high frequency side. . Therefore, in order to detect the signal component intensity near the frequency 2 Hz of the fundamental frequency 4 times in the sound signal 71a, the signal component intensity near the Hz and 210 Hz is significantly higher than that on the low frequency side and the high frequency side. In the state of the control device 101108811 8 201248103, the first to third detection regions p, Q, and r shown in Figs. 3 to 5 are set for the frequency-intensity signal 72a. In the present embodiment, the detection area P is set to a frequency range of 1% Hz to 205 Hz centered at a frequency of 200 Hz of the commercial frequency and a signal intensity of 90 dB or more. Further, the detection area Q is set to a range from the frequency of 200 Hz to the frequency of the low frequency side of 170 Hz to 190 and the signal intensity is 80 dB or less. The detection area R is set to be higher than the above-mentioned frequency of 200 Hz. The frequency range is 210 Hz to 230 Hz and the signal strength is below 9 〇 dB. Furthermore, the detection areas are determined by design depending on the specific situation. In the initial stage of the initial melting, as shown in FIG. 3, the value of the frequency_intensity signal 72a enters the 5 Hz area in the detection area R, and does not enter the 'in the detection area Q' in the detection area p. Located outside the area. In the mid-stage of the initial deployment, as shown in Fig. 4, the value of the frequency-intensity signal 仏 is half-into the region in the detection region P, and a part of the detection regions q, r is outside the region. On the other hand, if the melting of the waste material is in the period after the initial melting, as shown in Fig. 5, the frequency-intensity signal 72a is λ 5 . Most of the upper-level region P enters the & And in the detection area 〇, the value of the frequency_strong 庶72a all enters into the area. It indicates the intensity of the component _g of the sound signal 71a near the frequency of 71 200 Hz, relative to t Μ 01Λ ^ , /, the low frequency side and the high frequency side 190
Hz、210 Hz附近之聲音信號71a .15唬成分強度處於明顯 101108811 9 201248103 較高之狀態。 因2右確⑽到頻率、強度信號72a之值於檢測區域p中The sound signal 71a .15 附近 near Hz and 210 Hz is in a state of high 101108811 9 201248103. Since 2 is true (10) to the value of the frequency and intensity signal 72a in the detection area p
至少一部分進入至區域内，並且於檢測區域Q、R中頻率-強度信號72a之值全A 間(例如10秒)以上，=入至區域内’且該狀態持續一定時 行報告。因此，進^裝置5判定為可追裂並就此進 2)。於追裝丨轉^ 4之追裝’ _追裝1料(參照圖 度信號72a之值於产、目’丨亦以與上述相同之過程’若頻率-強 於檢測區域Q、R ^ 域P中大部分進入至區域内，並且 域内，且該狀態持續 '強度信號72a之值全部進入至區 基於此進行廢料之追梦述―疋時間以上’則判定為可追裝， 若於追裝2熔解之^而開始追裝2熔解(參照圖2)。 區域P中大部分進 強度彳5唬72a之值於檢測 率-強度信號72a Λ至區域内’並且於檢測區域Q、R中頻 定時間（例如3〇心全部進入ί區域内，且該狀態持續一 來自控制？置4項上’則判定為炼化，於該情形時藉由 卫制褒置4之分接頭選擇指令 變壓器2之分物轉 =變= 因以如此之以確實地_廢料之可料魏化"，故可避 =之多.電力輸^再者’於上述實施形態中，係根 據頻率·強度信號％之值於_區域ρ +至少—部分進入 =域内’並且於檢谢區域蛛強度信號72a之 值全部進入至區域内’而檢測出檢測頻率2〇〇&附近之作 101108811 10 201248103 號成分強度，相對於其低頻側與高頻側之19〇 Hz、2i〇 Hz 附近之信號成分強度處於明顯較高之狀態，㈣以檢測該狀 態之檢測區域之大小或該等檢測區域内之頻率-強度信號 72a之行為並不限定於上述實施形態。 於上述實㈣態巾，餘縣本頻㈣如倍之頻率2〇〇 Hz之信號成分強度，相對於其低頻側與高頻側之⑽Hz、 210 Hz附近之信號成分強度處於 ^ L員叙向的狀態，而判定 廢料之炝化結束，但根據圖6〜圖8 ^ <頻率··強度信號72a 之仃為可知，基本頻率50 之2倍或6 300 Hz夕产咕·+、八故由士 倍'之·頻率100 Hz、 U 之#唬成分強度亦於溶解末期之 相對於其低頻側與高頻側之80 Hz、12〇只；斗溶化σ束時， 320 ΗΖ附近之信號成分強度處於明顯較t附近或 ΗΖ、 可將檢測區域設定為該等區域。一般而士门之狀態，因此亦 束時在基本頻率之偶數倍頻率下作 ；廢料之熔解結 狀態’但較佳為於如上述實施形態所示 頌向之 本頻 4 VA. 率附近設定檢測區域。因此，若基本頻 4乜之頰 卞馬60 Hz，則认ηAt least a portion of the region enters the region, and the value of the frequency-intensity signal 72a in the detection regions Q, R is equal to or greater than (for example, 10 seconds), = into the region, and the state continues to be reported. Therefore, the device 5 is judged to be capable of chasing and proceeding 2). In the pursuit of the ^ ^ ^ 4 chasing ' _ chasing 1 material (refer to the value of the map signal 72a in production, the target '丨 also in the same process as above 'if the frequency - stronger than the detection area Q, R ^ domain Most of P enters into the area, and within the domain, and the state continues to 'the value of the intensity signal 72a all enters the zone based on which the waste of the dream is described above 疋 time is judged as chasable. 2 Melting the ^ and starting to chase 2 melting (refer to Figure 2). The majority of the input intensity 彳5唬72a in the region P is in the detection rate-intensity signal 72a Λ to the region' and in the detection region Q, R intermediate frequency The fixed time (for example, the 3 〇 heart all enters the ί area, and the state continues from the control? The 4th item is determined to be refining, in which case the command transformer 2 is selected by the tap of the Guard 4 The change of the object = change = because it is so _ scrap of the material can be changed ", so can avoid = as much. Power transmission ^ again" in the above embodiment, according to the frequency and intensity signal% The value is in the _ region ρ + at least - part into the = domain ' and in the detection area spider power signal 72a All of them entered the area' and detected the detection frequency 2〇〇& nearby 101108811 10 201248103 component intensity, relative to the low-frequency side and high-frequency side of 19〇Hz, 2i〇Hz near the signal component intensity is obvious In the higher state, (4) the behavior of detecting the size of the detection region in the state or the frequency-intensity signal 72a in the detection region is not limited to the above embodiment. In the above-mentioned real (four) state towel, Yuxian local frequency (four) The signal component intensity of the frequency of 2 Hz is equal to the state of the signal component near (10) Hz and 210 Hz on the low-frequency side and the high-frequency side, and the state of the waste is judged to be finished, but the determination of the waste is finished, but according to Fig. 6 to Fig. 8 ^ <The frequency··intensity signal 72a is known as 仃, the fundamental frequency is 50 times 2 or 6 300 Hz 咕······································· The strength of the strontium component is also 80 Hz and 12 相对 at the end of the dissolution relative to the low frequency side and the high frequency side; when the σ beam is dissolved, the signal component intensity near 320 处于 is significantly closer to t or ΗΖ, and the detection area can be detected. Set to these areas. Generally The state of the gate is therefore also made at an even multiple of the fundamental frequency; the state of melting of the scrap is 'but preferably the detection area is set near the local frequency of 4 VA. as shown in the above embodiment. Therefore, if the basic frequency is 4 乜, the cheek is 60 Hz, then η
Hz附近設定檢測區域。 〜於240 (第2實施形態） 於圖9〜圖11中除表示基本頻率5〇 口 千也之4倍以外，介 表示2倍及6倍之頻率1〇〇 Hz、300 T4 亦 300¾附近之信 強度變化。於本實施形態中，將檢測區域定為以X刀之 率4倍之頻率200 Hz為中心之頻率195 M商用頻 之區域 101108811 11 201248103 且信號強度90 dB以上之範圍，將檢測區域Q設定為較上 述頻率200 Hz為低頻側之頻率170 Hz〜190 Hz之區域且信 號強度80 dB以下之範圍，將檢測區域R設定為較上述頻 率200 Hz為高頻側之頻率210 Hz〜230 Hz之區域且信號強 度90 dB以下之範圍。 於本實施形態中，又將檢測區域P1設定為以商用頻率2 倍之頻率1〇〇 Hz為中心之頻率95 Hz〜105 Hz之區域且信 號強度85 dB以上之範圍，並且將檢測區域Q1設定為較上 述頻率100 Hz為低頻側之頻率70 Hz〜90 Hz之區域且信號 強度80 dB以下之範圍，將檢測區域R1設定為較上述頻率 100 Hz為高頻側之頻率110 Hz〜130 Hz之區域且信號強度 80 dB以下之範圍。 進而，於本實施形態中，將檢測區域P2設定為以商用頻 率6倍之頻率300 Hz為中心之頻率295 Hz〜305 Hz之區域 且信號強度90 dB以上之範圍，並且將檢測區域Q2設定為 較上述頻率300 Hz為低頻側之頻率270 Hz〜290 Hz之區域 且信號強度85 dB以下之範圍，將檢測區域R2設定為較上 述頻率300 Hz為高頻側之頻率310 Hz〜330 Hz之區域且信 號強度85 dB以下之範圍。再者，該等檢測區域係根據具體 狀況而於設計上決定者。The detection area is set near Hz. ～240 (Second Embodiment) In addition to the basic frequency 5, which is four times the base frequency, in Fig. 9 to Fig. 11, the frequency is 2 times and 6 times, and the frequency is 1 Hz, 300 T4 and 3003⁄4. The strength of the letter changes. In the present embodiment, the detection area is set to a range of a frequency of 200 Hz, which is 4 times the frequency of the X-knife, and a frequency of 195 M commercial frequency, 101108811 11 201248103, and a signal intensity of 90 dB or more, and the detection area Q is set to The detection region R is set to a frequency of 210 Hz to 230 Hz on the high frequency side from the above-mentioned frequency of 200 Hz, compared with the range of the frequency of 200 Hz to the frequency of the low frequency side of 170 Hz to 190 Hz and the signal intensity of 80 dB or less. And the signal strength is less than 90 dB. In the present embodiment, the detection area P1 is set to a frequency range of 95 Hz to 105 Hz centered at a frequency 1 Hz of the commercial frequency and a signal intensity of 85 dB or more, and the detection area Q1 is set. The detection region R1 is set to be a frequency of 110 Hz to 130 Hz on the high frequency side from the above frequency of 100 Hz to a range of a frequency of 70 Hz to 90 Hz on the low frequency side and a signal intensity of 80 dB or less. Area and signal strength below 80 dB. Further, in the present embodiment, the detection area P2 is set to a range of a frequency of 295 Hz to 305 Hz centered at a frequency of 300 Hz of a commercial frequency and a signal intensity of 90 dB or more, and the detection area Q2 is set to The detection region R2 is set to a frequency of 310 Hz to 330 Hz on the high frequency side from the frequency 300 Hz to a frequency range of 270 Hz to 290 Hz on the low frequency side and a signal intensity of 85 dB or less. And the signal strength is less than 85 dB. Furthermore, these detection areas are determined by design depending on the specific situation.
於初裝熔解之初期，如圖9所示，頻率-強度信號72a之 值於檢測區域P中一部分進入至該區域内，且於檢測區域Q 101108811 12 201248103 中大部分位於區域外，於檢測區域R中一部分位於區域外。 又，上述信號72a於檢測區域pl中一部分位於該區域内， 且於檢測區域Q1中一部分位於區域外’於檢測區域R1中 大部分位於區域外。進而，上述信號72a於檢測區域P2中 一部分位於該區域内，於檢測區域Q2中大部分位於區域 外。於檢測區域R2中全部位於區域外。 於初裝溶解之中期，如圖10所示，頻率-強度信號72a之 值於檢測區域P中一部分進入至該區域内，且於檢測區域 Q、R中一部分位於區域外。又，於檢測區域P1中上述信 號72a之一部分進入至該區域内，於檢測區域qi中全部進 入至該區域内’且於檢測區域R1中一部分位於區域外。進 而，於檢測區域P2中上述信號72a之一部分進入至該區域 内，且於檢測區域q、R中一部分位於區域外。 相對於此’若於初裝熔解之末期進行廢料之熔解，則如圖 11所示，頻率-強度信號72a之值於檢測區域p中一部分進 入至區域内’並且於檢測區域q、r中頻率-強度信號72a 之值全部進入至區域内。其表示頻率2〇〇 Hz附近之聲音信 號71a之信號成分強度，相對於其低頻側與高頻側之19〇 Hz、210 Hz附近之聲音信號71a之信號成分強度處於明顯 較咼之狀癌。又，上述信號72a之值於檢測區域ρι中一部 分進入至區域内，並且於檢測區域卩丨、中全部進入至區 域内。其表不頻率100 Hz附近之信號71a之信號成分強度， 101108811 13 201248103 相對於其低頻側與高_ 之信號成分強度處於 Hz、11GHz附近之信號71a 之值於檢測區域P2中二土向之狀態。進而，上述信號72a 域Q2、R2中全部進 γ刀進入至區域内，並且於檢測區 之信號71a之信號區域内。其表示頻率300 HZ附近 290 Hz、31〇Hz附近之^強度’相對於其低頻側與高頻側之 高之狀態。 5號7la之信號成分強度處於明顯較 因此’若確認到頰率 PI、P2中至小一 人號72a之值於檢測區域p、 王夕一部分進入In the initial stage of the initial melting, as shown in FIG. 9, the value of the frequency-intensity signal 72a enters into the region in the detection region P, and most of the detection region Q 101108811 12 201248103 is located outside the region, in the detection region. A part of R is located outside the area. Further, the signal 72a is partially located in the detection area pl in the area, and a part of the detection area Q1 is located outside the area. Most of the detection area R1 is located outside the area. Further, a part of the signal 72a in the detection area P2 is located in the area, and most of the detection area Q2 is located outside the area. All of the detection area R2 is located outside the area. In the initial stage of dissolution, as shown in Fig. 10, the value of the frequency-intensity signal 72a enters into the region in a portion of the detection region P, and a part of the detection regions Q, R is located outside the region. Further, in the detection area P1, a part of the above-mentioned signal 72a enters the area, and all of the detection area qi enters the area' and a part of the detection area R1 is located outside the area. Further, a part of the above-mentioned signal 72a enters the area in the detection area P2, and a part of the detection areas q, R is located outside the area. In contrast to this, if the melting of the waste is performed at the end of the initial melting, as shown in FIG. 11, the value of the frequency-intensity signal 72a is partially entered into the region in the detection region p and the frequency is in the detection region q, r. - The values of the intensity signal 72a all enter the region. It shows that the signal component intensity of the sound signal 71a near the frequency 2 Hz is relatively sharp with respect to the signal component intensity of the sound signal 71a near the low frequency side and the high frequency side of 19 Hz and 210 Hz. Further, the value of the signal 72a enters the area in a part of the detection area ρι, and all of the detection area 卩丨 enters the area. It shows the signal component intensity of the signal 71a near the frequency of 100 Hz, 101108811 13 201248103 The value of the signal 71a with respect to the signal component intensity of the low frequency side and the high _ is near Hz, 11 GHz in the detection region P2. . Further, all of the above-mentioned signals 72a in the fields Q2, R2 enter the region, and are within the signal region of the signal 71a of the detection region. It shows a state in which the intensity 290 Hz near the frequency of 300 Hz and the vicinity of 31 Hz is higher than the low frequency side and the high frequency side. The intensity of the signal component of No. 5 7la is significantly higher. Therefore, if the cheek rate is confirmed, the value of PI to P2 is the value of 72a in the detection area p and Wang Xi.
Ql、Q2、R、R1、h 至區域内，並且於檢測區域Q、 區域内，且該狀態持續一〜、-強度信號72a之值全部進入至 裝置4判定為可追裝並就此、夺間（例如1〇秒）以上，則控制 裝，開始追裝1炫解(參 行報告。因此，進行廢料之追 中所說明者相同之過程 2)以下，以與第1實施形態Ql, Q2, R, R1, h are in the region, and in the detection region Q, the region, and the state continues until the value of the ~, - intensity signal 72a is all entered into the device 4 and determined to be chasable and (for example, 1 sec.) or more, the control pack is installed, and the sneak peek 1 is started (the report is reported. Therefore, the same process 2 as described in the scrap chasing) is as follows.
咬裒〗炫解、拍壯A 煉步驟轉移。 炎裝2熔解、氧化精 (第3實施形態） 圖^圖W表示商用電源之基本頻率為60HZ之情形 時之溶化判定之—例。於本f施㈣中，將檢測區域P設定 為以商用頻率4倍之頻率24〇 Hz為尹心之類率2乃Hz〜245 Hz之區域且信號強度9〇 dB以上之範園。 又，將檢測區域 Q設定為較上述頻率240 Hz為低頻側之頰率21〇 Hz 23〇 Hz之區域且信號強度⑼dB以下之範圍，將檢柳 101108811 14 201248103 定為較上述頻率240 Hz為高頻側之頻率25〇 Hz〜27〇 Hz之 區域且信號強度83 dB以下之範圍。再者，該等檢測區域係 根據具體狀况而於設計上決定者。 於初裝炫解之初期，如圖12所示，頻率_強度信號仏之 值於域q、R中全部進人至該等區域内，於檢測區域 p中全絲進人。於姆轉之巾期，如圖13所*，頻率_ 強度信號72a之值於檢測區域Q、R中全部進入至該區域 内，於檢測區域P中位於區域外。 相對於此’若於初裝熔解之後期進行廢料之溶解，則如圖 14所不，頻率_強度信號72a之值於檢測區域p中一部分進 入至區域内’並且於檢測區域Q、R巾頻率·強度信號^ 之值王。卩進入至區域内。其表示頻率24〇 Hz附近之聲音作 號71a之信號成分強度，相對於其低頻侧與高頻侧之 260 Hz附近之聲音彳§號71a之信號成分強度處於明顯 較高之狀態。 因此，若確認到頻率-強度信號72a之值於檢測區域p中 至少一部分進入至區域内，並且於檢測區域Q、R中頻率_ 強度信號72a之值全部進入至區域内，且該狀態持續一定時 間（例如10秒）以上，則控制裝置4判定為可追裝並就此進 行報告。其後，進行廢料之追裝，開始追裝丨溶解(參照圖 2)。以下，以與第1實施形態中所說明者相同之過程向追裝 1熔解、追裴2熔解、氧化精煉步驟轉移。 101108811 15 201248103 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係具備溶解狀態判定裝置之魏爐之電氣系統圖。 圖2係表示聲音信號之頻率成分之時間變化之圖。 ，圖3係第1實施㈣中之轉初期之頻率.強度信號之波 形圖。 圖4係熔射期之頻率_強度_之波形圖。 圖5係熔解末期之頻率·強度信號之波形圖。 圖6係熔解初期之頻率_強度錢之波形圖。 圖7係轉中期之頻率·強度㈣之波形圖。 圖8係溶解末期之_•強度㈣之波形圖。 圖9係第2實施形態中炼解初期之頻率-強度信號之波形 圖。 圖10係溶解中期之頻率_強度信號之波形圖。 圖11係炼解末期之頻率_強度信號之波形圖。 圖12係第3實施形態中之熔解初期之頻率-強度信號之波 形圖β 圖13係炼解中期之頻率-強度信號之波形圖。 圖14係溶解末期之頻率-強度信號之波形圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 主電路 2 爐用變壓器 2a 信號 101108811 16 201248103 3 電弧爐 4 控制裝置（判定手段） 4a 分接頭選擇指令信號 4b 電流指令信號 6 升降裝置 11 二次側電路 31 電極 32 廢料 51 儀錶用變流器 52 儀錶用變壓器 71 噪音計（聲音檢測手段） 71a 聲音信號 72 頻率解析裝置(頻率解析手段) 72a 頻率-強度信號 101108811 17Bite 裒 炫 、 、 、 、 炫 炫 炫 炫 炫 炫 炫 炫In the case of the case where the basic frequency of the commercial power source is 60 Hz, the melting determination is as an example. In the present application (4), the detection area P is set to a frequency of 24 Hz at a commercial frequency of 24 Hz as a range of 2, Hz to 245 Hz, and a signal intensity of 9 〇 dB or more. Further, the detection area Q is set to a range of a frequency of 240 Hz which is a low-frequency side of the cheek rate of 21 〇 Hz 23 Hz and a signal intensity of (9) dB or less, and the detection 101108811 14 201248103 is set to be higher than the above-mentioned frequency of 240 Hz. The frequency side of the frequency range is 25 〇 Hz ~ 27 〇 Hz and the signal strength is 83 dB or less. Furthermore, the detection areas are determined by design depending on the specific situation. In the initial stage of the initial installation, as shown in Fig. 12, the value of the frequency_intensity signal 仏 is entered into the areas in the fields q and R, and the whole line enters the human in the detection area p. In the period of the U-turn, as shown in Fig. 13, the value of the frequency_intensity signal 72a enters the area in the detection areas Q, R, and is located outside the area in the detection area P. In contrast to this, if the dissolution of the waste is performed after the initial melting, as shown in FIG. 14, the value of the frequency_intensity signal 72a is partially entered into the region in the detection region p and the frequency of the detection region Q, R is · The value of the strength signal ^.卩 Enter the area. It shows the signal component intensity of the sound signal 71a near the frequency of 24 Hz, and the signal component intensity of the sound 彳§71a near the low frequency side and the high frequency side is significantly higher. Therefore, if it is confirmed that the value of the frequency-intensity signal 72a enters into the region at least a part of the detection region p, and the values of the frequency_intensity signal 72a in the detection regions Q, R all enter the region, and the state continues to be constant. When the time (for example, 10 seconds) or more, the control device 4 determines that it is ready to be loaded and reports on it. Thereafter, the scrap is loaded and the sputum is dissolved (see Fig. 2). Hereinafter, the process of melting, chasing 2 melting, and oxidizing refining is shifted to the same procedure as that described in the first embodiment. 101108811 15 201248103 [Brief Description of the Drawings] Fig. 1 is an electrical system diagram of a Wei furnace with a dissolution state determining device. Fig. 2 is a graph showing temporal changes in frequency components of a sound signal. Figure 3 is a waveform diagram of the frequency and intensity signal at the beginning of the transition in the first implementation (4). Figure 4 is a waveform diagram of the frequency_intensity_ of the spray period. Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of the frequency and intensity signals at the end of the melting. Fig. 6 is a waveform diagram of frequency_intensity money at the initial stage of melting. Figure 7 is a waveform diagram of the frequency and intensity (4) in the middle of the transition. Fig. 8 is a waveform diagram of the intensity (4) at the end of dissolution. Fig. 9 is a waveform diagram showing a frequency-intensity signal at the initial stage of refining in the second embodiment. Figure 10 is a waveform diagram of the frequency-intensity signal in the middle of dissolution. Figure 11 is a waveform diagram of the frequency_intensity signal at the end of the refining process. Fig. 12 is a waveform diagram of the frequency-intensity signal at the initial stage of melting in the third embodiment. Fig. 13 is a waveform diagram of the frequency-intensity signal in the middle of the refining. Figure 14 is a waveform diagram of the frequency-intensity signal at the end of dissolution. [Main component symbol description] 1 Main circuit 2 Furnace transformer 2a Signal 101108811 16 201248103 3 Electric arc furnace 4 Control device (determination means) 4a Tap selection command signal 4b Current command signal 6 Lifting device 11 Secondary circuit 31 Electrode 32 Waste 51 Instrument converter 52 Instrument transformer 71 Noise meter (sound detection means) 71a Sound signal 72 Frequency analysis device (frequency analysis means) 72a Frequency-intensity signal 101108811 17