201245653 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本專利說明書係關於系統監測及控制，諸如，加熱通風 及空調（HVAC)系統之監測及控制。更特定而言，本專利 說明書係關於一種具有整合感測系統之監測及控制器件 (諸如，恆溫器）。 本申請案係在中華民國（臺灣）以Nest Labs，Inc.(美國國 家公司）之名義申請’其中附名發明人為Brian HUpPI(美國 公民）、John B. FILSON(美國公民）、Fred B〇ULD(美國公 民）、David SLOO(美國公民）、Matthew L R〇GERS(美國 公民）’及Anthony M. FADELL(美國公民）。 本申請案主張2010年11月19曰申請之美國臨時申請案第 61/415,77i號、2〇10年12月31日申請之美國臨時申請案第 61/429,093號、2011年8月17日申請之美國申請案第 。⑽’⑽號及·年1〇月21日申請之美國臨時申請案第 61/627,996號的優先權。 【先前技術】 針對較新且較永續之能量供應之開發的實質努力及關注 在繼續。藉由增加之能量效率的能量節約對世界之能量未 來仍至關重要。根據來自美國能源部之_年ig月的報 告，加熱及冷卻占典型美國住房中之能量使用的56%，從 而使其成為大多數住房之最大能量費用。連同與住房加熱 及冷卻相關聯之電廠機械設備的改良（例如，改良型絕 緣、較高效率爐)一起’能量效率之實質增加可藉由住房 160350.doc 201245653 加熱及冷卻設備之較好控制及調節而達成。藉由啟動用於 智選擇之㈣間隔及仔細精選之操作等級的加熱通風及 空調（HVAC)設備，可節省實f能量，而同時使生活空間 對於其居住者保持合適地舒適。 在社^階層下及在每㈣基礎上，對於大數目個住房將 、的疋使八現有較舊之恆溫器藉由較新之微處理器控制 智！型」值溫器替換，該等「智慧型」值溫器具有可 節省月匕量同時亦使居住者舒適的較先進之控制能 f °為此’此等怪溫器將需要來自居住者以及㈣位有該 等臣/皿盗之^兄的較多資訊。住房中之感測器將搜集待藉 由[恤器使用以自動化HVAC^制之即時及歷史資料（諸 如居住率資料）。藉由分析此資料，怪溫器將作出關於 ‘、、、冷部及節省能量之決策。出於至少此原目，重要的 是確保藉由怪溫器使用之感測器產生準雄資料。然而，同 時，存在出現於以下各者之間的緊張狀態：在恆溫器上增 感μ器之數目及種類…方面，同時亦向值溫器供應合 理地緊密且視覺上合意之外觀尺寸，另—方面，用於增加 智慧型恆溫器對購買公眾之總體感染力。 【發明内容】 ;根據-或多項實施例’提供一種具有一外殼之值溫器， 該外殼包括-前向表面’肺⑸包含安置於該外殼内部 以用於感測在該恒溫器附近之居住率的—被動式紅外線 剛運動感測器。該PIR運動感測器具有—輻射接收表 面，且能夠偵測在該外殼之該前向表面前方的一居住者之 160350.doc 201245653 橫向移動。該但溫器進一步包含具有一或多個開口且沿著 該外威之該前向表面而包括的一護柵部件，該護栅部件置 放於該PIR運動感測器之該輻射接收表面之上。該護栅部 件經組態及;t尺寸以視覺上隱蔽及保護安置於該外殼内部 之該PIR運動感測器，該視覺隱蔽促進該恆溫器之一視覺 上合意品質，㈣時准許該PIR運動感測器有效地偵測該 居住，之該橫向移動。在—實施例中，該等護柵部件開口 為著實質上水平方向而定向之似隙縫開口。 實包例中/JO度感測器亦定位於該護栅部件後 方，該溫度感測器亦視覺上隱蔽於該護拇部件後方。在一 實施例中，該護栅部件係由一導熱材料（諸如，一金屬）形 成，且該溫度感測器經置放成（諸如）藉由使用―熱膏或其 類似者而與該金屬護柵進行熱連通。有利地，⑨了依靠該 等護柵開π而將該溫度感測器曝露於周圍房間空氣以外， 該金屬護拇部件亦可藉由充當用力該溫度感測器之-種 「熱天線」來進一步改良溫度感測效能。 【實施方式】 々在以下詳細描述中’出於解釋之目#，闡述眾多特定細 節以提t、對本發明之各種實施丫列的詳盡理冑。—般熟習此 項技術者將認識到，本發明之此等各種實施僅為說明性的 且不意欲以任何方式為限制性的。受益於本發明之此等熟 習技術者將易於想到本發明之其他實施。 另外，出於清晰性目的，未展示及描述本文所描述之實 施的所有常規特徵。一般熟習此項技術者應易於瞭解，在 160350.doc • 6 · 201245653 任何此類實際實施之開發中’可能需要眾多實施特定決策 以達成特定設計目標。此等設計目標將隨著不同實施及不 同開發者而變化。此外，應瞭解，此開發努力可能複雜且 耗時，但對於受益於本發明之一般熟習此項技術者仍將為 常規工程事業。 應瞭解’雖然本文在用於居住用住房（諸如，單家庭居 住用住房）之典型HVAC系統的内容背景中進—步描述一或 多個實施，但本發明之教示之範疇不受到如此限制。更一 般化地，根據較佳實施中之一或多者的恆溫器適用於具有 或夕個HVAC系統之多種圍封體’包括（但不限於）聯式 房屋、城鎮住房、多單元公寓建築物、旅館、零售店、辦 公建築物及工業建築物。另外，應瞭解，雖然術語「使用 者」、「客戶」、「安裝者」、「住房擁有者」、「居住者」、「客 人」、「租戶」、「房東」、「修理人員」及其類似者可用以在 本文所描述之一或多個情境的内容背景中指代與恆溫器或 其他器件或使用者介面互動的人員，但關於執行此等動作 之人員’此等參考決不應被視為限制本發明之教示之範 疇。 本專利說明書之標的係與各自以引用之方式併入本文中 的以下共同讓渡之申請案的標的有關：2〇1〇年9月14曰申 5用之美國申請案第12/881，430號；2〇1〇年9月14日申請之美 國申請案第12/881，463號；2010年11月19曰申請之美國臨 時申請案第61/415,771號；2010年12月31日申請之美國臨 時申請案第61/429,093號；2011年1月4日申請之美國申請 160350.doc 201245653 案第 12/984,602 號；2011 年 1 12/987,257 號；2011 年 2 月 13/033,573 號；2011 年 2 月 29/386,021 號；2011 年 2 月 13/034,666 號；2011 年 2 月 13/034,674 號；2011 年 2 月 13/034,678 號；2011 年 3 月 13/038,191 號；2011 年 3 月 13/038,206 號；2011 年 8 月 29/399,609 號；2011 年 8 月 29/399,614 號；2011 年 8 月 29/399,617 號；2011 年 8 月 29/399,618 % ； 2011 年 8 月 i29/399,621 號；2011 年 8 月 29/399,623 號；2011 年 8 月 29/399,625 號；2011 年 8 月 29/399,627 號；2011 年 8 月 29/399,630 % ； 2011 年 8 月 29/399,632 號；2011 年 8 月 29/399,633 號；2011 年 8 月 29/399,636 號；2011 年 8 月 29/399,637 % ; 2011 年 8 月 13/199，108 號；2011 年 10 月 13/267,871 號；2011 年 10 月 10曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 曰申請之美國申請案第 160350.doc 201245653 13/267,877號；2011年10月7曰申請之美國申請案第 13/269,501號；2011年10月14曰申請之美國申請案第 29/404,096號；2011年10月14日申請之美國申請案第 29/404,097號；2011年10月14日申請之美國申請案第 29/404,098號；2011年10月14曰申請之美國申請案第 29/404,099號；2011年10月14日申請之美國申請案第 29/404,101號；2011年10月14曰申請之美國申請案第 29/404，103號；2011年10月14曰申請之美國申請案第 29/404,104號；2011年10月14曰申請之美國申請案第 29/404，105號；2011年1〇月17日申請之美國申請案第 13/275,307號；2011年1〇月17曰申請之美國申請案第 13/275,311號；2011年1〇月17日申請之美國申請案第 13/317,423號，2011年1〇月21曰申清之美國申請宰第 13/279,151號；2011年1〇月21曰申請之美國申請案第 13/3 17,5 57號；及2011年1〇月21日申請之美國臨時申請案 第 61/627,996號。 圖1為說明使用根據本發明而實施之恆溫器丨1〇以用於控 制一或多個環境條件之例示性圍封體的圖解。舉例而言， 圍封體1〇〇說明使用恆溫器110以用於控制藉由HVAC系統 120提供之加熱及冷卻的單家庭住宅類型之圍封體。本發 明之替代實施可與其他類型之圍封體一起使用，該等圍封 體包括聯式房屋、在公寓建築物内之公寓、諸如辦公室或 零售店之紅型商業用結構，或為此等及其他類型之圍封體 之組合的結構或圍封體。 160350.doc 201245653 圖1中之恆溫器110的一些實施併入一或多個感測器以自 環境搜集與圍封體100相關聯之資料。併入於恆溫器11〇中 之感測器可镇測居住率、溫度、光及其他環境條件且影響 HVAC系統120之控制及操作。恆溫器11〇使用根據本發明 而實施之護栅部件（圖1中未圖示）以覆蓋感測器。部分地， 本發明之護柵部件增加恆溫器11〇之感染力及吸引力，此 係因為恆溫器110中之感測器不會突起或會吸引圍封體1〇〇 之居住者的關注，且恆溫器110與幾乎任何裝飾配合。使 感測器保持於怪溫器11 〇内亦會減少在值溫器丨丨〇之製造、 遞送、安裝或使用期間之損壞及校準損失的可能性。妙 而，儘管覆蓋此等感測器，但護柵部件之專門設計促進自 環境準確地搜集居住率、溫度及其他資料.本文稍後亦詳 細地描述關於護柵部件之此設計及其他態樣的另外細節。 在一些實施中，恆溫器110可與遠端器件112以無線方式 通信’從而在遠端自使用者及自可藉由遠端器件i丨2偵測 之環境搜集資訊。舉例而言，遠端器件1丨2可與恆溫器1 i 〇 以無線方式通信’從而提供來自遠端器件112之遠端部位 的使用者輸入’或遠端器件112可用以向使用者顯示資 訊，或遠端器件112既可與恆溫器11〇以無線方式通信，從 而提供來自遠端器件112之遠端部位的使用者輸入，又可 用以向使用者顯示資訊。類似於恆溫器110，遠端器件112 之實施亦可包括感測器以搜集與居住率、溫度、光及其他 環境條件有關之資料。根據本發明而設計之護柵部件（圖1 中未圖示）亦可用以隱蔽此等感測器，從而在圍封體1〇〇内 160350.doc 10 201245653 維持遠端器件112的有吸引力且合意之外觀。在一替代實 施中，遠端器件112亦可定位於圍封體1 〇〇外部。 圖2為使用根據本發明之實施而設計之恒溫器而控制之 HVAC系統的示意圖。HVAC系統120提供用於圍封體（諸 如，圖1所描繪之單家庭住房1 〇〇)之加熱、冷卻、通風及/ 或二氣處置。系統12 0描繪強制空氣型加熱及冷卻系統， 但根據其他實施’可使用其他類型之HVAC系統，諸如， 以輻射熱為基礎之系統、以熱系為基礎之系統，及其他 者。 在加熱時，空氣處置器240内之加熱線圈或元件242使用 電或氣體經由管線236而提供熱來源。使用風扇23 8經由返 回空氣管道246通過過渡器270而自圍封體汲取冷空氣，且 藉由加熱線圈或元件242加熱冷空氣。經加熱空氣在一或 多個部位處經由供應空氣管道系統252及供應空氣暫存器 (諸如，暫存器250)而流回至圍封體中。在冷卻時，外部壓 縮機230將邊如氟氣烧之氣體傳遞通過熱交換器線圈244集 合以冷卻該氣體。氣體接著通過管線232而去往空氣處置 器240中之冷卻線圈234，其中氣體膨脹、冷卻，且冷卻經 由風扇23 8而循環之空氣。視需要，可在各種實施中包括 增濕器254，增濕器254在空氣傳遞通過管道系統252之前 使濕氣返回至空氣。儘管圖2中未圖示，但HVAC系統120 之替代實施可具有其他功能性（諸如’將空氣通風至外部 及使空氣自外部通風）、用以控制管道系統252内之空氣流 的一或多個阻尼器，及緊急加熱單元》HVAC系統120之總 160350.doc 201245653 體操作係藉由經由控制導線248而與恆溫器110通信之控制 電子器件212選擇性地致動》 圖3A至圖3B說明併入於根據本發明之實施而設計之恆 溫器中的護栅部件。恒溫器11 〇包括控制電路且電連接至 HVAC系統（諸如’圖1及圖2所示之HVAC系統120)。護柵 部件3 24之設計互補於恆溫器丨丨〇的光滑、簡單、整潔且雅 致之設計’同時促進定位於該恆溫器之外殼346内之感測 器的整合及操作。在如所說明之實施中，恆溫器1丨〇係藉 由具有前向表面之外殼346圍封，前向表面包括罩蓋314及 護柵部件324。外殼346之一些實施包括背板34〇及頭部單 元310。外殼346提供用於藉由恆溫器ι1〇使用且其中所含 有之一或多個整合感測器的有吸引力且耐久之組態。在一 些實施中’護栅部件324可與罩蓋314齊平地裝配於外殼 346之前向表面上。同時地，如併入於外殼346中之護柵部 件324不會有損於住房或商業裝飾，且實際上可充當用於 經定位有該護柵部件之臨近部位的視覺上合意中心件。 罩蓋314之中心顯示區域316允許顯示與恆溫器之操作有 關的資訊，同時可使用油漆或煙修整而使罩蓋314之外部 區域326不透明。舉例而言，中心顯示區域316可用以顯示 ‘ 當前溫度，如圖3A所說明，其中數字「75」指示乃度。 護拇部件324經設計成隱蔽感測器以免被看到，從而促 進H皿器之視覺上合意品質’但仍准許感測器接收其各別 信號。沿著外殼之前向表面的護柵部件324中之開口 318允 許原本不會傳遞通過罩蓋314之信號傳遞通過。舉例而 160350.doc •12· 201245653 言，用於罩蓋314之玻璃、聚碳酸酯或其他相似材料能夠 透射可見光，但對於具有在1〇微米之範圍内之較長波長的 紅外線能量係高度地衰減的，該範圍為用於許多被動式紅 外線（PIR)居住率感測器之操作輻射頻帶。值得注意地， 包括於根據一些較佳實施之恆溫器中的是僅僅在罩蓋314 後方定位於恆溫器之頂部附近的周圍光感測器（未圖示）及 主動式近接度感測器（未圖示）。不同於PJR感測器，周圍 光感測器及主動式近接度感測器經組態以偵測在具有小於 1微米之波長之可見及較短紅外線光譜頻帶中的電磁能 量罩蓋314之玻璃或聚碳酸酯材料對於該等光譜頻帶並 非向度地衰減的。在一些實施中，護柵部件324包括根據 -或多個實施之開口318 ’帛口318允許較長波長紅外線輻 射朝向如所說明之被動式紅外線（pIR)運動感測器33〇而傳 遞通過該等開口。因為護栅部件324裝配於piR運動感測器 330之輻射接收表面之上，所以piR運動感測器33〇繼續通 過開口 318而接收較長波長紅外線輪射，且偵測圍封體中 之居住率。 護栅部件324之額外實施亦促進額外感測器债測其他環 境條件。在一些實施中，護柵部件324幫助定位於外殼346 内部之溫度感測器334量測空氣之周圍溫度。護柵部件324 中之開口 318促進空氣流動朝向定位於護柵部件324下方之 溫度感測器334，因此將外部溫度傳送至外殼346之内部。 在另外實施中，護柵部件324可熱耦合至溫度感測器州， 從而促進自外殼346外部之熱轉移。本文稍後進一步詳細 160350.doc •13· 201245653 地描述關於護柵部件324與此等及其他感測器之操作的細 節0 恆溫器110之實施為圓形形狀且具有用於接收使用者輪 入之外環3 12。圖3B中之恆溫器11〇的側視圖進一步強調單 蓋3 14及護柵部件324之此彎曲球形形狀，該形狀向外緩和 地成弧形，從而匹配於外環312之對應表面部分。在—此 實施中’罩蓋314之曲率可傾向於擴大顯示於中心顯示區 域3 16中之資訊’因此使資訊更易於由使用者讀取。怪溫 器110之形狀不僅在恆溫器110裝配於壁上時提供視覺上有 感染力特色’而且提供自然形狀以供使用者用其手進行觸 控及調整。因此，恆溫器110之直徑可為大約肋爪爪或易於 配合手之另一直徑。在各種實施中，旋轉外環312會允許 使用者進行調整’諸如’選擇新目標溫度。舉例而言，可 藉由順時針地旋轉外環3 12來增加目標溫度，且藉由逆時 針地旋轉外環3 12來縮減目標溫度。 較佳地，外環312係以向使用者提供平滑而有黏性之感 覺的方式機械地裝配，以用於進一步促進總體雅致感，同 時亦減少混附或非想要之旋轉輸入。根據各種實施，外環 312在塑膠軸承上旋轉且使用光學數位編碼器以量測外環 312之旋轉移動及/或旋轉位置。根據替代實施，可使用其 他技術，諸如，將外環312裝配於中心軸件上。 根據本發明之實|，通風口 342促進通風通過在外環W 與頭部單元31〇之本體之間的間隙332;通過在頭部單元 31〇與背板34G之間的間隙344，且經由通風口⑷而進入背 160350.doc • 14 · 201245653 此二乳流中之一些亦可傳遞通過開口318且傳遞 =由遵栅部件324隱蔽之感測器之上。—般而言，通過 間隙 332、344、開口 3 丨 8 β ^ ] 318及通風口 342之空氣循環供應至少 兩個目的。第一，命盗诚 。 卫氣循％允許周圍空氣到達定位於恆溫 盗内部之-或多個感測器。H氣循環允許值溫器 110中之電子器件冷卻’使得來自電子器件之熱不會顯著 地影響周圍空氣特性之感測。除了開口318以外用於空 氣循環之其他入π區域（諸如，間隙332、間隙344及通風 口⑷）亦對使用者視覺上隱藏（如圖3Α至圖3β所示），因此 允許促進由使用者之容易使用的簡單的視覺上整潔設計。 本發明之選用實施進—步包括經由將螺釘頭322轉動達四 分之一圈而嚙合之鎖定機構。 圖4Α至圖4Β說明使用者之手控制根據本發明之實施而 設計之恆溫器。如所說明’值溫器1〇〇係壁裝式、為圓形 形狀，且具有用於接收使用者輸入之可旋轉外環312。恆 溫器110上之罩蓋314包括用於在操作恆溫器11〇之前、期 間及之後向使用者提供資訊及回饋的中心顯示區域316。 在一些實施中，罩蓋314之外部區域326刻劃供使用者推動 或以其他方式操縱惶溫器110之區域，且因此用油漆或煙 修整而使外部區域326不透明。根據本發明，護栅部件324 提供使用者在檢視或操作恆溫器11〇時可擱放其手的額外 區域。可瞭解到，護柵部件324保護感測器以免於使用者 之手’但允a午感測器接收k说且搜集關於環境之資訊。 恆溫器110之頭部單元310滑動至背板（未圖示）上，且進 160350.doc •15· 201245653 一步包括Μ部單元前部402及頭部單元框架4〇4。頭部單元 前部402包括外環312、罩蓋314之中心顯示區域316及外部 區域326，及根據本發明之實施而設計之護栅部件324。恆 溫器110中之電子器件及感測器（未圖示）的部分亦包括於頭 部單元前部402内。 根據一些實施，出於鼓舞使用者信賴與進一步促進視覺 及功能雅致之組合目的，藉由僅兩個類型之使用者輸入來 控制恆溫器110，第一類型為如圖4Α所說明而旋轉外環 3叫亦被稱作「旋轉環」），且第二類型為如圖4β所說明 而向内推動於頭部單元前部4〇2上，直至發生可聽到及/或 觸覺之「卡嗒（click)」為止。根據一些實施，圖4Β所說明 之向内推動僅造成外環312向前移動，而在其他實施中， 整個頭部單元前部4〇2在經推動時一起向内移動。在一些 實施中|蓋314及護栅部件324不會隨著外環312而旋 轉。 根據一些實施，取決於實行頭部單元前部4〇2之向内推 動的方式，可產生多個類型之使用者輸入。在一些實施 中，由釋放（單一卡嗒）所跟隨之在發生可聽到及/或觸覺之 卡塔以前的頭部單元前部4〇2之單一短暫向内推動可被解 釋為類型之使用者輸入（亦被稱作「向内卡塔」）。在其 實施中以向内壓力推動頭部單元前部402且用向内壓 力來固持頭部單元前部術歷時—時間量（諸如Μ秒至3秒） 可被解釋為另一類型之使用者輸入（亦被稱作「按麗及固 寺」）㈣康一些另外實施，可由使用者實行其他類型之 I60350.doc •16· 201245653 使用者輸入，諸如，雙卡嗒及/或多個卡嗒，以及按壓及 固持歷時較長及/或較短時間週期。根據其他實施，亦可 實施速度敏感或加速度敏感旋轉輸入以產生另外類型之使 用者輸入(例#，極大且快速向左之旋轉規定「離開 (Away)」m態，而極大且快速向右之旋轉規定「佔據 (Occupied)」居住狀態）。 圖5A至圖5G說明處於各種拆卸狀態之恆溫器，及根據 本發明而設計之護栅部件324在怪溫器與感測器及其他組 件有關時的位置。圖5A中之恆溫器11〇的拆卸視圖說明自 背板340可滑動地移除之頭部單元31〇。根據一些實施，在 此組態中，可瞭解到，背板34〇可充當對頭部單元中所 含有之恆溫器110之平衡的壁銜接件，藉此促成安裝、組 態及升級之容易性。舉例而言，在此等實施中新的經升 級或再刷新之頭部單元310可置放於現有背板34〇之上，而 無需在壁上重新配線或重新裝配恆溫器丨丨〇。 如先前所說明及描述，恆溫器丨1〇係壁裝式，其具有圓 形形狀及用於接收使用者輸入之可旋轉環312。恆溫器ιι〇 具有包括中心顯示區域316及外部區域326之罩蓋314。恆 溫器110之頭部單元310部分滑動至背板34〇上且貼附至背 板340。根據一些實施，可使用磁體、卡口、閂鎖及卡 掣、具有匹配壓痕之舌片或肋狀物或簡單地在頭部單元 3 1〇與背板340之配套部分上的摩擦來實現頭部單元3 1〇至 背板340之連接。 根據一些實施，視需要提供鎖定機構，其中背板34〇上 160350.doc •17- 201245653 之支柱502係使用與閂鎖連接之平頭螺釘頭或其他類型之 螺釘頭而藉由閂鎖之四分之一圈予以嚙合。舉例而言，當 疰伽器110女裝於公共部位時，較不常見之類型的螺釘頭 (諸如，八角形或梅花形）可用以提供較大安全性且阻止頭 部單疋3 10之移除。根據一些實施，頭部單元31〇包括處理 系統504、顯示驅動器5〇8及無線通信系統51〇。處理系統 5〇4經調適以使顯示驅動器5〇8及中心顯示區域ns向使用 者顯示資訊，及經由旋轉環312而接收使用者輸入。根據 一些實施，處理系統504能夠維護及更新用於經安裝有 HVAC系統之圍封體的熱動力學模型。對於關於熱動力學 模型化之另外細節，見2〇1〇年9月14日申請之美國專利第 12/881,463號，該專利以引用的方式併入本文中。根據一 些實施，無線通信系統510用以與諸如個人電腦、其他恆 溫器或遠端器件及/或HVAC系統組件之器件之組合通信。 電子器件512及溫度感測器514係經由背板34〇中之通風 口 342而通風。提供泡位階器（bubble level)5i6以在恆溫器 110裝配於壁上時辅助正確地定向恆溫器11〇。提供導線連 接器518以允許與HVAQ統㈣連p連接料52〇在頭 部單元310與背板340之間提供電連接。 圖5B至圖5C說明根據本發明之實施之恆溫器背板的俯 視圖及仰視圖。背板340係使用螺釘通過以下兩個開口而 裝配於壁上：圓形孔522及狹槽形孔524。藉由使用狹槽形 孔524 ’使用者或安裝者可在背板34〇之裝配角度中進行小 調整。如圖5B所示’背板34〇包括泡位階器516，泡位階器 160350.doc 201245653 5 16包括使用者可檢查及進行在壁上背板34〇之位階裝配所 通過的窗口 526。HVAC系統導線傳遞通過大矩形開口 528 且連接至導線連接器5 1 8。根據一些實施，提供八個導線 連接器（如圖5B所示），且用共同HVAC系統導線名稱來標 s己該等導線連接器。 圖5C說明當恆溫器110係壁裝式時面對壁的背板34〇之背 側。在一實施中，溫度感測器514(一般而言，其相比於頭 部單元溫度感測器334可具有較粗略精確性，但本發明之 教示之範疇不受到如此限制）包括於背板34〇中，即使當已 移除頭部單元3 10時，溫度感測器5 14亦允許背板3 40作為 起作用怪溫器而插作。舉例而言，背板3 4 〇中之電子器件 512包括微控制器（MCU)處理器，及用於斷開及閉合hvAC 控制電路之驅動器電路。舉例而言’此等控制電路可用於 開啟及關閉一或多個HVAC功能（諸如，加熱及冷卻）。電 子器件512亦包括用以儲存在一日之不同時間生效之經程 式设计設定系列的快閃記憶體。舉例而言，即使當圖5 a中 之頭部單元310未附接至背板340時，亦可進行快閃記憶體 之經程式設計設定點改變的預設集合。根據一些實施，電 子器件512亦包括電力收穫電路，以便即使當hvaC共同電 力導線不可用時亦自HVAC控制電路獲得電力。 圖5D至圖5E說明經組裝為單一組件及經拆卸成多個子 組件之恒溫器110之頭部單元3 1〇部分的透視圖。在圖所 說明之已組裝單一組件中’頭部單元3丨〇包括頭部單元前 部402及頭部單元框架404。圖5D中之頭部單元310經便利 160350.doc -19- 201245653 地設計成與背板（未圖示）分離，且促進對頭部單元31〇中之 電子器件、韌體及軟體的容易修理、替換或升級。舉例而 言’可藉由自背板移除頭部單元310且用經升級或新的頭 部單元310進行替換來升級恆溫器。 如圖5E所說明，頭部單元前部402可經進一步拆卸成護 柵部件324、罩蓋314、頭部單元前組裝件530及外環312。 頭部單元前組裝件530可滑動地裝配及緊固至頭部單元框 架404 ’從而促使外環312固持於頭部單元前組裝件530與 頭部單元框架404之間。在一些實施中，外環3 12可旋轉且 經由順時針或逆時針旋轉而接收使用者輸入，而頭部單元 前組裝件530保持固定於適當位置。 罩蓋314配合於顯示模組532之上且保護顯示模組532， 顯示模組532用以向檢視恆溫器之使用者顯示資訊。作為 一實例’藉由顯示模組532顯示之資訊可包括當前溫度， 諸如，藉由顯示模組532顯示於圖3A中之中心顯示區域316 中的75度之溫度。在其他實施中，顯示模組532亦可向使 用者顯示多種其他資訊’包括設定點、組態資訊、診斷及 怪溫器程式設計細節。根據一些實施，顯示模組532為點 矩陣佈局（個別地可定址）’使得可產生任意形狀，而非為 分段佈局❶根據其他實施，點矩陣佈局與分段佈局之組合 亦可藉由顯示模組532使用。 根據本發明，顯示模組532可使用背光式彩色液晶顯示 器（LCD)予以實施。根據其他實施，顯示模組532可使用諸 如被動式及/或單色LCD、有機發光二極體（〇LED)或電子 160350.doc -20- 201245653 墨水顯示技術之顯示技術。電子墨水為用於一些實施之特 別合適顯不技術，此係因為其在不汲取電力及能量時繼續 反射光。另外，根據本發明而實施之電子墨水顯示技術亦 節約能量，此係因為其無需特別短再新時間。 根據本發明，護柵部件324可用以隱蔽及保護數個不同 感測器。在一些實施中，此等感測器可包括與恆溫器整合 之溫度感測器334及PIR運動感測器33〇。在圖5]£所說明之 實施中PIR運動感測器330包括菲涅耳（presnei)透鏡534 以幫助將紅外線輻射引導至piR運動感測器33〇之紅外線敏 感凡件（圖5E中未圖示）上。護栅部件324充當罩蓋，但將 實質量之紅外線輻射傳遞通過菲涅耳透鏡534且傳遞至紅 外線敏感元件上。如本文稍後將詳細地所描述，護柵部件 324之設計允許PIR運動感測器33〇橫越在恆溫器（即使當藉 由護栅部件324覆蓋時）附近之廣泛角度範圍而偵測居住者 移動。 同樣地，護栅部件324亦可隱蔽定位於如圖沾所指示的 菲涅耳透鏡534之邊緣之底部附近的溫度感測器334。護柵 部件324幫助保護溫度感測器334以免於被損壞且促成恆溫 器之總體流線型感染力。另外，由導熱材料（諸如，金屬 或金屬合金）建構護柵部件324會幫助吸收在恆溫器附近之 周圍熱且將熱遞送至溫度感測器334以供較準確量測。 圖5F至圖5G說明表現為一個已組裝組件及經拆卸成多 個子組件之頭部單元前組裝件530的透視圖。在一些實施 中’頭部單元前組裝件530包括至少三個子組件：顯示模 160350.doc 21- 201245653 組532、頭部單元前板536及頭部單元電路板Mg ^顯示模 組532用來向使用者顯示資訊且可如所說明而與頭部單元 前板536分離。 根據一些實施，頭部單元前板536經安置以將溫度感測 器334收納於溫度感測器狹槽54〇中。溫度感測器334貼附 至頭部單元電路板538之平面表面且大致垂直於該平面表 面而延伸。與此對比’ PIR運動感測器3 3 〇係與頭部單元電 路板538之表面共平面且因此亦垂直於溫度感測器334。當 頭部單元電路板538可滑動地裝配至頭部單元前板536之背 側時，促使溫度感測器3 3 4沿著頭部單元電路板5 3 8之法線 且將溫度感測器334插入至溫度感測器狹槽54〇中。同樣 地，將頭部單元電路板538可滑動地裝配至頭部單元前板 536之背側中會將紅外線敏感元件33丨定位於菲涅耳透鏡 534後方且構成如先前在圖5E及圖3A中所說明之piR運動 感測器330。 圖6中之已部分組裝之頭部單元前部4〇2的透視圖展示根 據本發明之態樣而設計之護柵部件324相對於藉由恆溫器 使用之若干感測器的定位。在一些實施中，如圖6所說明 之頭部單元前部402包括外環312、定位於頭部單元前組裝 件530上之護栅部件324 ,其中罩蓋314係如所說明而被移 除。頭部單元前部402構成圖3B所說明之頭部單元3 1〇及外 殼346的部分，其用以圍封怪溫器。 在一些實施中，護栅部件324覆蓋藉由恆溫器使用之一 或多個感測器，且係藉由頭部單元前組裝件53〇而附接至 160350.doc -22· 201245653 外殼之前向表面。護柵部件3 24之設計及位置對使用者產 生平滑、光滑且視覺上合意之印象，同時亦用來改良其所 隱蔽之一或多個感測器的耐久性及功能。在一些實施中， 來自濩柵部件324之益處可歸因於開口 318之形狀、用以製 造護柵部件324之材料，或護柵部件324相對於一或多個感 測器之定位，以及其組合。 在一些實施中.，在PIR運動感測器334之上護柵部件324 之置放（如圖6所說明）隱蔽及保護該感測器。舉例而言，護 栅部件324可在製造、運送、安裝或來自操作恆溫器的使 用者之手的使用（如圖4A及圖4B所所說明）期間保護piR運 動感測器334。隱蔽不僅保護PIR運動感測器334，而且促 進適合用於多種居住用及商業用應用中之視覺上合意怪溫 器。 根據本發明之實施’護柵部件324設計中之一或多個開 口 3 18允許PIR運動感測器334(儘管被隱蔽）偵測房間或區 域中居住者之橫向運動。沿著頭部單元前組裝件530之前 向表面而定位PIR運動感測器334會允許該感測器之輻射接 收元件繼續偵測藉由此等居住者在恆溫器附近發射之紅外 線輻射。如本文稍後進一步詳細地所描述，PIR運動感測 器334歸因於開口 318之形狀而可偵測橫向地移動之居住 者’開口 318沿著實質上水平方向係似隙缝且狹長的。在 一些實施中，菲淫耳透鏡534幫助將來自此等居住者之輻 射聚焦至PIR運動感測器334之紅外線敏感感測器元件（圖6 中未圖示）上。舉例而言’護柵部件324具有置放於PIR運 160350.doc •23- 201245653 動感測器334之輪射接收元件及菲淫耳透鏡Μ#之上的一或 多個開口。雖然護柵部件324可由包括金屬、塑膠、破 璃、碳複合物及金屬合金之多種材料建構，但出於增加溫 度感測精確性之目的，通常較佳的是使該護柵部件由具有 高熱導率之材料（諸如，金屬或金屬合金）製成。 護柵部件324亦可增強恆溫器中之感測器的操作。在一 些實施中，不僅保護溫度感測器334,而且藉由護柵部件 324之置放增強周圍溫度之偵測。舉例而言，在護柵部件 324係由導熱材料（諸如，金屬或金屬合金）製成的情況下， 其作為「熱天線」而操作且自比溫度感測器334原本可能 會取樣之區域更寬的區域吸收周圍溫度。實質上垂直於頭 «Ρ單元電路板538朝向護柵部件324而定位之溫度感測器 334可足夠接近以接收藉由護柵部件324吸收之熱。 在一些實施中，在溫度感測器334與護柵部件324之内向 表面之間施加導熱材料542(諸如，膏、熱黏附劑或熱滑脂） 會改良在此等兩個組件之間的熱導率及溫度量測之準確 性。使護柵部件324與溫度感測器334熱耦合會辅助溫度感 測器334量測在固持恆溫器之外殼外部而非内部的周圍空 氣溫度。 溫度感測器330之一些實施可使用一對熱感測器以較準 確地量測周圍溫度。與溫度感測器33〇相關聯之第—或上 部熱感測器330a傾向於搜集較接近於在恆溫器之外部之外 部或其上之區域的溫度資料，而第二或下部熱感測器33〇b 傾向於收集與外殼之内部較緊密地相關聯的溫度資料。在 160350.doc -24- 201245653 一實施中，溫度感測器330a及330b中每一者包含一 Texas Instruments TMP112數位溫度感測器晶片。為了較準確地 判定周圍溫度，鑒於藉由上部熱感測器33〇a量測之溫度且 當判定有效周圍溫度時，考慮自下部熱感測器33〇b所取得 之溫度。此組態可有利地用以補償藉由恆溫器中之微處理 器及/或其他電子組件產生於恆溫器中之内熱的效應，藉 此預防或最小化原本可能會遭受之溫度量測錯誤。在一些 貫施中，可藉由將溫度感測器33〇之上部熱感測器33〇3熱 耦合至護柵部件324來進一步增強周圍溫度量測之準確 性，此係因為上部熱感測器33〇a相比於下部熱感測器33朴 較好地反映周圍溫度。Russ〇等人之名為「Dighai Electronic Thermostat With Correction for Triac Self Heating」的1988年5月3曰發佈之美國專利第4 741476號 中揭示關於使用一對熱感測器以判定有效周圍溫度之細 節，該專利出於所有目的而以引用的方式併入本文中。 例示地參看圖5F至圖5g及圖6，護柵部件324、菲淫 耳透鏡534、PIR感測器330、上部熱感測器330a及下部熱 感測器3 3 0 b之相互定位及組態提供實體緊密性及視覺感測 器隱蔽的有利且增效之組合，連同促進周圍溫度感測器準 確！·生且保持PIR居住率感測功能性。以一些方式，此情形 可破視為位於菲涅耳透鏡534與pIR感測器334之表面之間 的二間之關鍵體積之「雙重使用」的一個有益結果，其中 在菲/里耳透鏡534與PIR感測器334之表面之間的必要間隔 亦充當如下空間：橫越該空間，形成及感測在下部熱感測 160350.doc -25- 201245653 器330b與上部熱感測器33〇3之間的溫度梯度，此溫度梯度 經充分利用以提供比將藉由單點熱感測器提供之周圍溫度 感測更好的周圍溫度感測。又，藉由元件534/334/33〇&/ 330b之組態促進的緊密性允許其置放於護柵324後方，而 無實質上增大總體外殼之向外突起的必要性。同時，對於 濩柵邛件324係金屬且熱耦合至上部熱感測器33〇a之較佳 實施，護栅部件324之高熱導率仍藉由充當「熱天線」而 進一步增強溫度量測之準確性，此係外加至其隱蔽及周圍 空氣接取之其他功能。 圖7A至圖7B詳細地說明紅外線來源如何與根據本發明 而設計之護柵部件中之似隙縫開口相互作用。& 了強調相 互作用，圖7A說明具有開口3 18之護柵部件324及定位於護 柵。P件324後方之pir運動感測器33()(在其將處於根據本發 明而設計之怪溫器中時卜根據一些實施，開口318沿著如 所說明之實質上水平方向係似隙縫的。紅外線來源可橫越 連續廣泛角度範圍而掃視，諸如，藉由居住者橫越房間或 其他區域而走動之橫向移動。為了表示此範圍，圖7A具有 表不左紅外線來源702、中心紅外線來源7〇6及右紅外線來 原704之箭頭。舉例而t ’在具有護拇部件324之怪溫器前 方橫越房間而走動的居住者可首先發射表現為左紅外線來 源702之輻射’接著逐漸地發射表;見為巾心紅外線來源· 之輻射且接著逐漸地發射表現為右紅外線來源7〇4之輻 射。 如圖7A不意性地所不，護柵部件324之似隙縫開口爪允 160350.doc -26- 201245653 許廣泛範圍之紅外線來源朝向PIR運動感測器3 3 〇而傳遞通 過。左紅外線來源702及右紅外線來源7〇4兩者可沿著狹長 水平開口 318而傳遞，如藉由此等來源之箭頭所指示。中 心紅外線來源706亦傳遞通過護柵部件324中之開口 3丨8， 如藉由一或多個狹長隙縫之垂直高度所允許。因此，亦可 瞭解到，具有似隙縫形狀的來自護柵部件324之開口 3丨8允 許PIR運動感測器330偵測藉由在恆溫器附近橫越廣泛角度 範圍而橫向地移動之居住者發射的輻射。舉例而言，護栅 部件324可偵測作為左紅外線來源702而在護柵部件324之 左側移動的居住者，或作為右紅外線來源7〇4而在護柵部 件324之右側移動的居住者。大致在護柵部件324之中心移 動的人員將表現為中心紅外線來源706，且亦朝向piR運動 感測器330而傳遞通過開口 318。實際上，護柵部件324亦 將以在左紅外線來源702、中心紅外線來源7〇6與右紅外線 來源704之間的角度朝向PIR運動感測器330而將許多其他 紅外線來源傳遞通過開口 31 $。 圖7 B說明居住者經過藉由本發明之護柵部件覆蓋之恆溫 器中之PIR運動感測器而移動的效應。piR運動感測器（圖 7B中未圖不）位於護柵部件324後方，極類似於圖中之 PIR運動感測器33〇。pIR運動感測器能夠偵測由橫向移動 之、’工外線輻射來源（諸如，在房間中走動之人員）造成的輻 射710之橫向改變。為了使居住率偵測器適當地工作，必 須將由居住者造成的輻射710之此等橫向改變與由日光及 ° 、（有時被稱作共模信號）造成的紅外線輻射之總體改 160350.doc •27· 201245653 變加以區分。 在一些實施中’ PIR運動感測器具有一對差分感測元 件’該專7〇件經置成具有相反極性以拒絕藉由輻射7 1 〇 產生之共模信號》當居住者708不存在或不移動時，由日 光、熱或振動造成的輻射710之突然總體改變自該對差分 感測元件同時地產生互補信號。來自該對差分感測元件之 互補信號立即抵消此等錯誤肯定或共模信號。 比較而言’在圖7B中之箭頭之方向上於恆溫器110附近 橫越房間或其他空間而橫向地移動的居住者708產生輕射 710之局域改變。輻射710之局域改變被偵測且未用輻射 710之共模信號部分抵消，此係因為感測元件係沿著水平 軸線而配置且係藉由橫向移動依序地而非同時地觸發。因 為護栅部件3 24中之開口 3 1 8係似隙縫的，所以輻射710進 入怪溫器110且係藉由PIR運動感測器偵測，而無論居住者 708在恆溫器附近自極右處橫向地移動、自極左處橫向地 移動抑或在中心區域附近橫向地移動β 圖8Α至圖8D說明根據本發明之態樣的沿著垂直距離而 更改護柵部件之開口以改變PIr運動感測器之敏感性。通 常’可藉由變化護柵部件中之開口的垂直跨度而改變pIR 運動感測器對居住者之高度的敏感性。根據一些實施，圖 8A所說明之護柵部件8〇2定位於裝配於壁上之恆溫器810的 前向表面上。恆溫器81 〇在圖8B中係出於便利性起見而被 部分地展示，但相似於圖3A所描述及說明之恆溫器110。 圖8A中之護柵部件802具有若干列開口 806，每一開口 806 160350.doc -28 · 201245653 具有一似隙縫形狀且係沿著垂直跨度804而組織。因此， 在5蔓拇部件802後方之PIR運動感測器（圖8A至圖8D中未圖 不）係與圖8B中之恆溫器81〇 一起使用且具有敏感角808或 θι °右居住者之高度係在敏感角808内，則圖8B中之恆溫 器81 〇中的PIR運動感測器應能夠偵測自居住者之橫向移動 所發射的輻射。相反地’高度下降至低於敏感角808之居 住者不可能藉由圖8B中之恆溫器810中的PIR運動感測器偵 測。 根據替代實施，藉由減少橫越垂直跨度之列或開口的 數目，對南度之敏感性可如圖8C所說明而縮減。相比於護 柵部件802，圖sc所說明之護柵部件812中之開口 816之列 的數目在數目上少於開口 8〇6之列。此外，護栅部件812中 之開口 816遍及垂直跨度814而擴展，垂直跨度814相比於 護柵部件802中之垂直跨度8〇4較窄且定位得較高。因此， 使用圖8D中之恆溫器81〇中的護栅部件812會引起相比於先 月’J所描述之敏感角8〇8或01較窄的敏感角818或02。舉例而 =，在圖8D中之恆溫器81〇上之護栅部件812後方的piR運 動感測器將不偵測高度係在敏感角8丨8或h外部之居住 者。結果，藉由具有護柵部件8〇2之恆溫器81〇偵測的相同 居住者可能不足夠高以藉由使用護柵部件812之怪溫器81〇 伯測°取決於安裝，可能較需要使用較類似於護柵部件 812之護柵部件’以便限制在高度上較高之居住者的偵 測。為了债測可能在高度上較矮之居住者，可能較需要在 悝溫器810中使用護柵部件8〇2。 160350.doc •29· 201245653 因為圖8A至圖8D意謂說明性的，所以護栅部件8〇2及 812中之開口的形狀、數目、大小、組織及部位僅僅為例 示性的且用於比較目的。實際上，本發明之護栅部件的設 计不應受到特定大小、開口數目、特定形狀或此等或其他 特徵之絕對或相對位置限制。 在一些實施中，不同護柵部件可經製造成具有以一或多 個列而配置的具有似隙縫尺寸之不同數目個開口。舉例而 °取決於對居住者之尚度的所要敏感性及在壁或其他部 位上恆溫器810之部位，安裝恆溫器81〇之人員可選擇及安 裝不同護柵部件。在其他實施中’安裝者可使用附接至護 柵部件中之背部開口的遮罩部件以修改開口且調整對高度 之敏感性。代替製造不同護柵部件，可使用遮罩部件以覆 蓋或露出護柵部彳中之所要數目#開口來更改一個護栅部 件。舉例而s，遮罩部件可為施加至護柵部件8〇2之背側 的具有似隙縫尺寸之塑膠或金屬配件，該等配件填充開口 806中之一或多者。可以與護柵部件8〇2之表面相同的色調 或顏色來修整料料之此等配件，讀調合成護拇部件 802之總體外觀。因此，對居住者之高度的敏感性可取決 於藉由遮罩部件對實質上水平似隙縫開口之覆蓋而變化， 該等實質上水平似隙縫開σ用以將所發射輻射傳遞至piR 運動感測器之接收表面。 參看圖9，根據本發明之態樣流程圖概括與使感測器 月b力同悝溫器及護柵部件整合相關聯之操作。在一些實施 中，整合操作包括提供用於恆溫器之外殼，該外殼經設計 160350.doc •30- 201245653 成提供用於一或多個整合感測器的有吸引力且耐久之組態 (902)。用於恆溫器之外殼可為如先前所描述的圖3B所說 明之外殼346及恆溫器110。恆溫器係藉由具有用於根據本 發明之態樣之罩蓋及護柵部件之前向表面的外殼圍封。受 到外殼保護之一或多個整合感測器可包括居住率感測器， 諸如PiR運動债測器、溫度感測器、滿度感測器、近接 度感測器，或可能有用於操作恆溫器之其他感測器。將此 等及其他感測器置放於外殼内部會保護該等感測器以免於 在製造、運送、安裝或使用期間受到意外地震動或破裂。 因為感測器經保護於外殼内部，所以感測器較可能保持其 校準且提供用於恆溫器之準確量測結果。 另外，整合操作亦可提供安置於外殼内部且用以感測在 恆溫器附近之居住率的被動式紅外線（PIR)運動感測器 (904)。在一些實施中，piR運動感測器具有能夠偵測藉由 附近居住者之橫向移動朝向外殼之前向表面發射之輻射的 輻射接收表面。藉由PIR運動感測器偵測之居住率資訊可 藉由恆溫器使用以較好地調整在圍封體（諸如，居住用房 屋）中HVAC之加熱或冷卻操作。在一些實施中，恆溫器可 使用居住率資訊以在居住率被偵測時開啟HVAC，且在無 居住率被PIR運動感測器偵測時關閉HVAC。在替代實施 中’恆溫器可將藉由PIR運動感測器產生之居住率資訊用 作一試探之部分，該試探獲悉圍封體何時很可能被居住或 未被居住且預料加熱或冷卻要求。此試探可使用即時及歷 史地理天氣趨勢及與所獲悉之居住型樣組合的其他因素以 160350.doc •31· 201245653 判定圍封體何時需要冷卻或加熱。亦可提供安置於外殼内 部之溫度感測器以偵測在恆溫器附近之周圍溫度。PIR運 動感測器及溫度感測器可相似於分別如先前所描述的圖6 所說明之PIR運動感測器330及溫度感測器334。 根據本發明，整合操作可進一步附接沿著外殼之前向表 面且置放於PIR運動感測器之輻射接收表面之上的護拇部 件（906)。如先前所描述，護柵部件可實質上隱蔽及保護安 置於外殼内部之PIR運動感測器。隱蔽PIR運動感測器會促 進恆溫器之視覺上合意品質，以及在製造、運送、安裝及 使用期間保護PIR運動感測器。在一些實施中，護栅部件 可相似於先前根據圖3A所描述及說明之護柵部件324。因 此’護柵部件可由選自包括以下各者之材料集合的一或多 種材料製成：金屬、塑膠、玻璃、碳複合物、金屬_碳複 合物，及金屬合金。護柵部件可為導熱材料（諸如，金屬 或金屬合金）且可熱耦合至亦安置於恆溫器之外殼内部的 溫度感測器。在一些實施中，將溫度感測器熱耦合至護柵 部件會輔助溫度感測器量測在外殼外部而非外殼内部所量 測的空氣之周圍溫度的能力。 圖18A至圖18B說明根據一些實施例的具有使用者親和 介面之視覺上合意恆温器1800。圖18A至圖183之怪溫器 1800大體上相似於上述圖3A至圖把之恆溫器11〇，其中該 恆溫器之額外及/或替代態樣在下文中予以描述。術語 「恆溫器」在下文中用以表示在上述共同讓渡之美國臨時 申請案第61/429,093號中所描述的特定類型之多功能感測 160350.doc •32· 201245653 及控制單元（vscu)，其輯别、* m 丹荷別適用於圍封體中之HVAC控 制。儘管「恆溫器」與「Mrm - 1 丄 V bCU单7L」可被視為對於圍封 體之HVAC控制的内容昔县4S a ^ 貧景通*係可互換的，但待應用於 此等VSCU單元的在上文中及在下文中之實施例中每一者 係在本發明之教示之料内，該等VSCU單元具有對除了 溫度以外之可量測特性（例如，壓力、流動速率、高度、 位置、速度、加速度、容量、電力、響度、亮度)的控制 功能性以用於多種不同控制系統中任一者，其涉及一或多 個實體系統之-或多個可量測特性之控管，及/或其他能 量或資源消耗系統（諸如，水使用系统、空氣使用系統、 涉及其他自然資源之使用的系統，及涉及各種其他形式之 能量之使用的系統）之控管。不同於許多先前技術恆溫 器，恆溫器1800較佳地具有不會有損於住房裝飾的光滑、 簡單、整潔且雅致之設計，且實際上可充當用於經安裝有 該悝溫器之臨近部位的視覺上合意中心件。此外，相比於 已知習知恆溫器，與恆溫器1800之使用者互動係藉由恆溫 器1800之設計予以促進及極大地增強。恆溫器18〇〇包括控 制電路且電連接至HVAC系統，諸如，經展示成具有上述 圖1及圖2中之恆溫器的HVAC系統。恆溫器1800係壁裝 式、為圓形形狀’且具有用於接收使用者輸入之外部可旋 轉環1812。恆溫器1800為圓形形狀，此在於：其在裂配於 壁上時表現為大體上似盤圓形物件。恆溫器18〇〇具有位於 外環1812内部之大前面。根據一些實施例，恆溫器丨8〇〇之 直徑為大約80 mm。外部可旋轉環1812允許使用者進行調 160350.doc -33- 201245653 整’諸如’選擇新目標溫度，舉例而言，藉由順時針地旋 轉外環1812，可增加目標溫度，且藉由逆時針地旋轉外環 1 8 12 ’可縮減目標溫度。恆溫器丨8〇〇之前面包含：透明罩 蓋1814 ’根據一些實施例’其為聚碳酸酯；及金屬部分 1824’其較佳地如圖所示而具有形成於其中之數個狹槽。 根據一些實施例’罩蓋1814之表面及金屬部分1824形成向 外緩和地成弧形之共同向外弧形或球形形狀，且此緩和成 弧形形狀係藉由外環1812而延續。 儘管係由單一似透鏡材料件（諸如，聚碳酸酯）形成，但 罩蓋1814具有包括外部部分ι814〇及中心部分i814i之兩個 不同區帶或部分。根據一些實施例，罩蓋1814係圍繞外部 部分1 814〇被塗油漆或煙熏，但使中心部分1 8丨4i可見地透 明’以便促進安置於其之下之電子顯示器1816的檢視。根 據一些實施例，彎曲罩蓋1814充當透鏡，該透鏡傾向於擴 大在電子顯示器1816中向使用者所顯示之資訊。根據一些 實施例’中心電子顯示器18丨6為點矩陣佈局（個別地可定 址），使得可產生任意形狀’而非分段佈扃。根據一些實 施例，使用點矩陣佈局與分段佈局之組合。根據一些實施 例，中心顯示器18 16為背光式彩色液晶顯示器（LCD)。顯 示於電子顯示器1816上之資訊的實例在圖18A中予以說 明’且包括表示當前設定點溫度之中心數值丨82〇。根據— 些實施例’金屬部分1824具有數個似狹槽開口，以便促進 裝配於其之下之被動式紅外線運動感測器183〇的使用。或 者’金屬部分1824可被稱作金屬前護柵部分。金屬部分/ 160350.doc • 34 - 201245653 前護柵部分之另外描述提供於上述共同讓渡之美國申請案 第13/199,1 08號中。恆溫器18〇〇較佳地經建構成使得電子 顯示器1816處於固定定向且不會隨著外環1812而旋轉，使 得電子顯示器1816保持易於由使用者讀取。對於一些實施 例，罩蓋1814及金屬部分1824亦保持於固定定向且不會隨 著外環1812而旋轉。根據恆溫器18〇〇之直徑為約8〇爪爪之 一實施例，電子顯示器1816之直徑為約45 mm。根據一些 實施例，LED指示器1880定位於部分1824之下以充當特定 狀態條件之低電力消耗指示器。舉例而言，當恆溫器（見 圖4A，在以下）之可再充電電池極低且被再充電時，led 指示器1 880可用以顯示閃爍紅色。更一般化地，LED指示 器1 880可用於依靠紅色、綠色、紅色與綠色之各種組合、 各種不同閃爍速率等等來傳達一或多個狀態碼或錯誤碼， 此情形可有用於故障診斷目的。 運動感測以及其他技術可用於居住率之偵測及/或預 測’如上述共同讓渡之美國申請案第12/881，43〇號中進一 步所描述。根據一些實施例，居住率資訊用於產生有效且 有效率之經排程程式。較佳地，提供主動式近接度感測器 1870A以藉由紅外光反射來偵測接近之使用者，且提供周 圍光感測器1870B以感測可見光。近接度感測器187〇八可 用以偵測在約一公尺之範圍内的近接度，使得恆溫器18〇〇 可在使用者正接近該怪溫器時且在使用者觸控該怪溫器之 前起始「唤醒」。近接度感測之此使用有用於藉由在使用 者準備好與恆溫器互動時就「準備好」或在使用者準備好 160350.doc -35- 201245653 與恆溫器互動之後極快速地「準備好」互動來增強使用者 體驗。另外’近接時喚醒之功能性亦藉由在無使用者互動 發生或即將發生時之「睡眠」來允許在怪溫器内之能量節 省。周圍光感測器1870B可用於多種智慧性搜集目的，諸 如用於在偵測急劇上升或下降邊緣時促進居住率之確認 (因為很可能存在開啟及關閉燈之居住者），及諸如用於偵 測周圍光強度之長期（例如，24小時）型樣以用於確認及/或 自動地建立日時。 根據一些實施例，出於鼓舞使用者信賴與進一步促進視 覺及功能雅致之組合目的，藉由僅兩個類型之使用者輸入 來控制恆溫器1800，第一類型為如圖18A所說明而旋轉外 環1812(在下文被稱作「旋轉環」或「環旋轉」輸入），且 第二類型為向内推動於外部頂蓋18〇8(見圖18B)上直至 發生可聽到及/或觸覺之「卡塔」為止（在下文被稱作「向 内卡嗒」或簡單地為「卡嗒」輸入）。對於圖18A至圖18£ 之實施例，外部頂蓋1808為包括外環1812、罩蓋i8i4、電 子顯示器1816及金屬部分1824中之全部的組裝件。當由使 用者向内按壓時’外部頂蓋i繼相抵於内部金屬半球形開 關（未圖示）而向内行進達一小量（諸如，〇5 mm)，且接著 在向内壓力被釋放時可轉簧方式向外相行進達該相同 量’從而向使用者之手提供令人滿意之觸f「卡塔」感 覺’連㈣應緩和可聽到的切聲音。因此，對於圖BA 至圖18B之實施例，向内切可藉由如下方式日達成：直 接按壓於外環1812自身上，或藉由依靠在罩蓋、金屬 160350.doc • 36 - 201245653 部分1814上提供向内壓力來間接按壓該外環，或藉由其各 種組合。對於其他實施例，恆溫器丨8〇〇可經機械地組態成 使得僅外環1812向内行進以用於向内卡嗒輸入，而罩蓋 1814及金屬部分1824保持不動。應瞭解，將向内行進以達 成向内卡°合·」輸入之特定機械元件的多種不同選擇及組 α係在本發明之教示之範疇内，而無論其為外環“丨之自 身、罩蓋1814之某-部分抑或其某-組合。然而，已發現 特別有利的是用單一手及用所涉及的最小量之時間及努力 而向使用者提供在達到「環旋轉」與達到「向内卡嗒」之 間快速地來回運行之能力，且因&，已發現直接藉由按壓 外環1812來提供向内卡„答之能力係特別有利的，此係因為 使用者之手指無需舉起而與器件不接觸或沿著其表面而滑 動以便在環旋轉與向内卡嗒之間運行。此外，依靠在可 旋轉環1812内部之中心的電子顯示器1816之策略性置放， 提ί'另外優勢’此在於：使用者可貫穿輸人程序自然地將 其關注集中於電子顯示器上，正好在其手正執行電子顯示 器之功能之處的中間。直觀外環旋轉（尤其如應用於（但不 限於）恆溫器之設定點溫度之改變，與令人滿意之向内卡 备實體感覺便利地合攏在一起）連同在其手指之活動的中 〜中間適應對電子顯示H之自然集中的組合顯著地增加直 觀無縫且十分娱樂之使用者體驗。根據一些實施例而使 用之有利機械使用者介面及有關設計的另外描述可見於上 述美國申請案第13/033,573號、上述美國申請案第 29/386’021號及上述美國申請案第13/1991〇8號中。 I60350.doc •37· 201245653 圖18C說明圖18A至圖18B之恆溫器之框架之殼層部分 1809的橫截面圖，已發現，當對照多種不同住房環境及住 房設定中之多種不同壁顏色及壁紋理進行檢視時，殼層部 分1809提供總體恆溫器1800的特別合意且可調適之視覺外 觀。雖然恆溫器自身將在功能上適應於如在本文中及在上 述共同讓渡之併入申請案之一或多者中所描述的使用者之 排程’但外部殼層部分i 8〇9經特定地組態以傳送「變色 (chameleon)」品質或特性，使得總體器件用在住房及商業 環境中所發現之大多數常見壁顏色及壁紋理中的許多者而 在視覺及裝飾意義上似乎自然地調合，此至少部分係因 為.當自許多不同角度進行檢視時，該器件似乎呈周圍顏 色及均勻紋理。殼層部分1809在以橫截面中進行檢視時具 有緩和地彎曲之平截頭體的形狀，且包含由透明固體材料 (諸如，聚碳酸酯塑膠）製成之側壁1876 〇侧壁1876經背部 塗油漆有實質上無光銀或鎳彩色油漆，油漆經塗覆至側壁 1876之内部表面1878，但不塗覆至其外部表面1877。外部 表面1 877係平滑且光壳的，但未被塗油漆。側壁1 876可具 有約1.5 mm之厚度τ、在裝配時較靠近壁之第一末端處的 約78.8 mm之直徑dl，及在裝配時較遠離於壁之第二末端 處的約81.2 mm之直徑d2，直徑改變係橫越約22 5 mm之向 外寬度尺寸「h」而發生，直徑改變係以線性方式或更佳 地以稍微非線性方式而發生，稍微非線性方式具有增加之 向外距離以形成在以刮面中進行檢視時之稍微彎曲形狀， 如圖18C所示。外部頂蓋18〇8之外環1812較佳地經建構以 160350.doc -38- 201245653 匹配於直徑d2 ’其中橫越距殼層部分1809之第二末端之中 等大小的間隙gl而安置於殼層部分1 8〇9之第二末端附近， 且接著返回向内緩和地成弧形以橫越小間隙g2而與罩蓋 1814匯合。當然，應瞭解’圖18(：僅說明恆溫器18〇〇之外 部殼層部分1809，且存在出於呈現之清晰起見而自圖i8c 省略的在恆溫器1 800内部之許多電子組件，此等電子組件 被進一步描述於下文中及/或共同讓渡之併入申請案中之 其他者（諸如，上述美國申請案第13/199，1〇8號）中。 根據一些實施例，恆溫器18〇〇包括處理系統186〇、顯示 驅動器1864及無線通信系統1866。處理系統186〇經調適以 使顯示驅動器1864及顯示區域1816向使用者顯示資訊，及 經由可旋轉環1812而接收使用者輸入，根據一些實施例， 處理系統1860能夠進行包括本文所描述之使用者介面特徵 之恆溫器1800之操作的控管。處理系統186〇經進一步程式 設計及組態以進行如在下文甲及/或在共同讓渡之併入申 請案中之其他者令進一步所描述的其他操作。舉例而言， 處理系統1860經進一步程式設計及組態以維護及更新用於 經安裝有HVAC系統之圍封體的熱動力學模型，諸如上述 美國申請案第12/881,463號中所描述。根據一些實施例， 無線通信系統1866用以與諸如個人電腦及/或其他恆溫器 或HVAC系統組件之器件通信，該通信可為同級間通信、 經由定位於私用網路上之一或多個伺服器的通信，或及/ 或經由以雲端為基礎之服務的通信。 圖19A至圖19B分別說明恆溫器1800相對於其兩個主要 160350.doc •39· 201245653 組件（其為頭部單元19GG及背板〇)的分解前視及後視透 視圖。在下文中所說明之電組件及機械組件中之各者的另 外技術及/或功能描述可見於共同讓渡之併入申請案中之 一或多者（諸如，上述美國申請案第13/199，刚號）中。在 :不圖式中’「Zj彳向係自壁向外，「丫」方向為相對於向 前走之使用者之頭至趾方向’且「χ」方向為使用者之左 至右方向。 圖20A至圖20B分別說明頭部單元19〇〇相對於其主要組 件的分解前視及後視透視圖。頭部單元19〇〇包括頭部單元 框架1910、外環192〇(其經操縱以用於環旋轉）、頭部單元 前組裝件1930、前透鏡1980及前護柵1990。頭部單元前組 裝件1930上之電組件可依靠帶狀電纜及/或其他插座型電 連接器而連接至背板2〇〇〇上之電組件。 圖21A至圖21B分別說明頭部單元前組裝件193〇相對於 其主要組件的分解前視及後視透視圖。頭部單元前組裝件 1930包含頭部單元電路板194〇、頭部單元前板 模組1960。頭部單元電路板194〇之前侧的組件在圖2ia中 隱藏於RF屏蔽後方，但在下文關於圖24予以較詳細地論 述。在頭部單元電路板1940之背部上的是可再充電鋰離子 電池1944 ’對於一較佳實施例，可再充電鋰離子電池丨944 具有3.7伏特之標稱電壓及56〇 mAh之標稱容量。然而，為 了延長電池壽命，通常不會藉由恆溫器電池充電電路將電 池1944充電超出450 mAh。此外，儘管認定電池1944能夠 充電至4.2伏特，但恆溫器電池充電電路通常不會將其充 160350.doc •40- 201245653 電超出3.95伏特。在圖21B中亦可j的β 疋經組態及定位以 感測外環1920之旋轉的光學手指導覽 守見筷組1942。模組1942 使用類似於光學電腦滑鼠之操作的方 忠从感測在外環1920 之對向周邊上可紋理化表面之移動。 ^值侍庄意地，模組 1942為藉由相對強電力頭部單元微處理器而非相對低電力 背板微處理器控制之極少感測器中之一者。此情形可在無 過度電力耗盡薇含的情況下達成，此係因為：當使用者手 動地轉動刻度盤時，頭部單元微處理器將不變地已經喚 醒’因此，無論如何不存在過度喚醒電力耗盡。有利地， 亦可藉由頭部單元微處理器提供極快速回應。在圖Μ中 亦可見的是菲涅耳透鏡1957，其結合安置於其之下的piR 運動感測器而操作》 圖22A至圖22B分別說明背板單元2〇〇〇相對於其主要組 件的分解前視及後視透視圖。背板單元2〇〇〇包含背板後板 2010、背板電路板2020及背板罩蓋2080。在圖22A中可見 的是包括整合導線插入感測電路之HVAC導線連接器 2022，及兩個相對大電容器2〇24，電容器2〇24係藉由裝配 於背板電路板2020之背側上的電力竊用電路之部分使用且 在下文關於圖25予以進一步論述。 圖23說明已部分組裝之頭部單元前部19〇〇的透視圖，其 展示根據本發明之態樣而設計之護柵部件丨99〇相對於藉由 怪溫器使用之若干感測器的定位。在一些實施中，如上述 美國申請案13/199,108中進一步所描述，在菲涅耳透鏡 1957及關聯PIR運動感測器334之上護柵部件1990之置放會 160350.doc 201245653201245653 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] This patent specification relates to system monitoring and control, such as monitoring and control of a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system. More specifically, this patent specification relates to a monitoring and control device (such as a thermostat) having an integrated sensing system. This application is in the Republic of China (Taiwan) as Nest Labs, Inc. (in the name of a US company), the name of the inventor is Brian HUpPI (US citizen), John B. FILSON (US Citizen), Fred B〇ULD (American citizen), David SLOO (US citizen), Matthew L R〇GERS (US citizen), and Anthony M. FADELL (US citizenship). This application claims US Provisional Application No. 61/415,77i, filed on November 19, 2010, and US Provisional Application No. 61/429,093, filed on December 31, 2010, August 17, 2011 US application for application. (10) Priority of US Provisional Application No. 61/627,996, filed on the 21st of the year. [Prior Art] Substantial efforts and attention to the development of newer and more sustainable energy supplies are continuing. Energy savings through increased energy efficiency remain critical to the future of the world's energy. According to a report from the US Department of Energy, the heating and cooling accounted for 56% of the energy use in typical US homes, making it the largest energy cost for most homes. Together with improvements in power plant machinery associated with heating and cooling of the home (eg, improved insulation, higher efficiency furnaces), the substantial increase in energy efficiency can be achieved by housing 160350. Doc 201245653 Achieving better control and adjustment of heating and cooling equipment. By initiating the heating and ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment for the intelligently selected (iv) intervals and carefully selected operational levels, the real energy can be saved while at the same time keeping the living space comfortable for its occupants. Under the social hierarchy and on a per-(four) basis, for a large number of homes, the existing older thermostats are controlled by newer microprocessors! Type "temperature" replacement, these "smart" value detectors have a more advanced control that saves the amount of money while also making the occupants comfortable. "There are some strangers that will need to come from the occupants as well. (4) There is more information about the brothers of these ministers/bins. The sensors in the home will collect real-time and historical data (such as occupancy rate data) that are to be borrowed to use the HVAC system. By analyzing this information, the geek will make decisions about ‘,、, 冷部, and saving energy. For at least this reason, it is important to ensure that the quasi-male data is generated by the sensor used by the geek. At the same time, however, there is a state of tension that arises between the number and type of sensitizers on the thermostat, while also providing a reasonably compact and visually pleasing appearance to the thermostat. - Aspects, used to increase the overall appeal of smart thermostats to the purchase of the public. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to one or more embodiments, there is provided a temperature controller having a housing, the housing including a forward surface 'lung (5) comprising a housing disposed inside the housing for sensing residence in the vicinity of the thermostat Rate - Passive infrared rigid motion sensor. The PIR motion sensor has a radiation receiving surface and is capable of detecting an occupant 160350 in front of the forward surface of the housing. Doc 201245653 Horizontal movement. The heater further includes a grill member having one or more openings and including the forward surface of the external power, the grill member being disposed on the radiation receiving surface of the PIR motion sensor on. The grille member is configured and dimensioned to visually conceal and protect the PIR motion sensor disposed within the housing, the visual concealment promoting visually desirable quality of one of the thermostats, and (4) permitting the PIR motion The sensor effectively detects the presence of the dwelling. In an embodiment, the grille member openings are oriented as slit openings oriented substantially horizontally. In the case of the actual package, the /JO degree sensor is also positioned behind the grille member, and the temperature sensor is also visually hidden behind the thumb member. In one embodiment, the barrier component is formed from a thermally conductive material, such as a metal, and the temperature sensor is placed with the metal, such as by using a "hot paste" or the like. The grille is in thermal communication. Advantageously, by virtue of the guard bars opening π and exposing the temperature sensor to the ambient air outside the room, the metal protection thumb member can also serve as a kind of "thermal antenna" for the temperature sensor. Further improve the temperature sensing performance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in the <RTIgt; Those skilled in the art will recognize that the various embodiments of the invention are illustrative and not intended to be limiting in any way. Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the <RTIgt; In addition, all of the conventional features of the embodiments described herein are not shown and described for clarity. Those who are familiar with this technology should be easy to understand, at 160350. Doc • 6 · 201245653 Any development of any such actual implementation may require numerous implementation-specific decisions to achieve specific design goals. These design goals will vary with different implementations and different developers. Moreover, it should be appreciated that this development effort can be complex and time consuming, but would still be a routine engineering undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present invention. It should be understood that although one or more implementations are described herein in the context of a typical HVAC system for a dwelling, such as a single-family dwelling, the scope of the teachings of the present invention is not so limited. More generally, thermostats according to one or more of the preferred embodiments are suitable for use in a variety of enclosures with or with HVAC systems, including but not limited to duplex houses, town houses, multi-unit apartment buildings , hotels, retail stores, office buildings and industrial buildings. In addition, it should be understood that the terms "user", "customer", "installer", "housing owner", "occupier", "guest", "tenant", "landlord", "repair" and A similar person may be used to refer to a person interacting with a thermostat or other device or user interface in the context of the content of one or more of the contexts described herein, but those who perform such actions should never be considered To limit the scope of the teachings of the present invention. The subject matter of this patent specification is related to the subject matter of the following co-transfer application, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety in its entirety in its entirety: US Patent Application No. 12/881,463, filed on September 14, 2001; US Provisional Application No. 61/415,771, filed on November 19, 2010; application on December 31, 2010 U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/429,093; U.S. Application No. 160,350, filed on January 4, 2011. Doc 201245653 Case No. 12/984,602; 2011 1 12/987,257; February 2011, 13/033,573; February 2011, 29/386,021; February 2011, 13/034,666; February 2011, 13/ No. 034,674; February 13/034,678, February 2011; March 13/038,191, March 2011; March 13/038,206, March 2011; 29/399,609, August 2011; August 29/399,614, August 2011; August 29/399,617; August 2011 29/399,618%; August 2011 i29/399,621; August 2011 29/399,623; August 2011 29/399,625; August 2011 29/399,627 No.; August 29/399, 630 %; August 2011, 29/399, 632; August 2011, 29/399, 633; August 2011, 29/399, 636; August 2011, 29/399, 637%; US Patent Application No. 13/199,108; October 13/267,871, October 10, 2011; US Application No. 3, 2011, US Application, Application No. U.S. Application for U.S. Application for U.S. Application for U.S. Application U.S. Application for U.S. Application, U.S. Application, U.S. Application, U.S. Application, U.S. Application, U.S. Application, U.S. Application, U.S. Application, Application No. US Application for Dijon Application US Application for Application No. US Application for Application No. US Application for Application No. US Application for Application No. US Application for Application No. US Application for Application No. U.S. Application No. US Application No. 160350. Doc 201245653 13/267, 877; US Application No. 13/269, 501, filed October 07, 2011; US Application No. 29/404,096, filed on October 14, 2011; US application filed on October 14, 2011 Application No. 29/404,097; US Application No. 29/404,098, filed on October 14, 2011; US Application No. 29/404,099, filed on October 14, 2011; application on October 14, 2011 US Application No. 29/404,101; US Application No. 29/404,103, filed on October 14, 2011; US Application No. 29/404,104, filed on October 14, 2011; October 14, 2011 US Application No. 29/404,105, filed on January 17, 2011, US Application No. 13/275,307, filed on January 17th, 2011; US Application No. 13/275,311, filed on January 17th, 2011; U.S. Application No. 13/317,423, filed on January 17th, 2011, 2011, January 21st, 2011, Shen Qing, US Application, No. 13/279, 151; 2011, January 21st, US Application No. 13/3 17, 5 57; and US Provisional Application No. 61/627,996, filed on January 21, 2011. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary enclosure using a thermostat implemented in accordance with the present invention for controlling one or more environmental conditions. For example, enclosure 1 illustrates a single-family dwelling enclosure that uses thermostat 110 for controlling heating and cooling provided by HVAC system 120. Alternative embodiments of the present invention can be used with other types of enclosures, including duplex houses, apartments in apartment buildings, red-type commercial structures such as offices or retail stores, or the like A structure or enclosure of a combination of other types of enclosures. 160350. Doc 201245653 Some implementations of the thermostat 110 of Figure 1 incorporate one or more sensors to collect information associated with the enclosure 100 from the environment. A sensor incorporated in the thermostat 11A can gauge occupancy, temperature, light, and other environmental conditions and affect the control and operation of the HVAC system 120. The thermostat 11 uses a grill member (not shown in Fig. 1) implemented in accordance with the present invention to cover the sensor. In part, the fence component of the present invention increases the appeal and attractiveness of the thermostat 11 because the sensor in the thermostat 110 does not protrude or attracts the attention of the occupants of the enclosure 1 And the thermostat 110 is mated with almost any decoration. Keeping the sensor within the weir 11 also reduces the likelihood of damage and calibration losses during manufacture, delivery, installation or use of the thermostat. However, despite the coverage of these sensors, the specially designed design of the grille components facilitates accurate collection of occupancy, temperature and other information from the environment. Additional details regarding this design and other aspects of the fence component are also described in detail later herein. In some implementations, the thermostat 110 can wirelessly communicate with the remote device 112 to gather information at the remote end from the user and from an environment detectable by the remote device i丨2. For example, remote device 1 可 2 can communicate wirelessly with thermostat 1 ' to provide user input from a remote portion of remote device 112 ' or remote device 112 can be used to display information to a user The remote device 112 can communicate wirelessly with the thermostat 11 to provide user input from a remote portion of the remote device 112 and can be used to display information to the user. Similar to thermostat 110, implementation of remote device 112 may also include a sensor to collect data relating to occupancy, temperature, light, and other environmental conditions. A grill member (not shown in FIG. 1) designed in accordance with the present invention can also be used to conceal such sensors so as to be within the enclosure 1160350. Doc 10 201245653 Maintains an attractive and desirable appearance of the remote device 112. In an alternate implementation, the distal device 112 can also be positioned external to the enclosure 1 . 2 is a schematic illustration of an HVAC system controlled using a thermostat designed in accordance with an implementation of the present invention. The HVAC system 120 provides heating, cooling, venting, and/or two-gas disposal for enclosures such as the single-family housing 1 depicted in FIG. System 120 depicts a forced air type heating and cooling system, but other types of HVAC systems may be utilized in accordance with other implementations, such as radiant heat based systems, heat based systems, and others. Upon heating, the heating coil or element 242 within the air handler 240 provides a source of heat via line 236 using electricity or gas. Cool air is drawn from the enclosure by a fan 23 8 through a return air duct 246 through a transition 270, and the cold air is heated by a heating coil or element 242. The heated air flows back to the enclosure via one or more locations via a supply air duct system 252 and a supply air register, such as register 250. Upon cooling, the external compressor 230 transfers the gas, such as a fluorine gas, through the heat exchanger coil 244 to cool the gas. The gas then passes through line 232 to the cooling coil 234 in the air handler 240 where the gas expands, cools, and cools the air circulated by the fan 238. Humidifier 254 can be included in various implementations as desired, and humidifier 254 returns moisture to the air prior to passing the air through conduit system 252. Although not shown in FIG. 2, alternative implementations of HVAC system 120 may have other functionality (such as 'venting air to the outside and venting air from the outside) to control one or more of the air flow within duct system 252. Dampers, and emergency heating unit "HVAC system 120 total 160350. Doc 201245653 Body Operation is selectively actuated by control electronics 212 in communication with thermostat 110 via control wire 248. Figures 3A-3B illustrate the incorporation of a thermostat incorporated in a design in accordance with the practice of the present invention. Gate component. The thermostat 11 includes a control circuit and is electrically coupled to an HVAC system (such as the HVAC system 120 shown in Figures 1 and 2). The design of the grille member 3 24 is complementary to the smooth, simple, clean and elegant design of the thermostat ’ while facilitating the integration and operation of the sensors positioned within the outer casing 346 of the thermostat. In the practice as illustrated, the thermostat 1 is enclosed by a housing 346 having a forward facing surface that includes a cover 314 and a grill member 324. Some implementations of the outer casing 346 include a backing plate 34 and a head unit 310. The outer casing 346 provides an attractive and durable configuration for use by the thermostat and containing one or more integrated sensors therein. In some implementations, the grill member 324 can be flush with the cover 314 on the forward facing surface of the outer casing 346. Simultaneously, the grille member 324, as incorporated into the outer casing 346, does not detract from the housing or commercial trim, and may actually serve as a visually pleasing centerpiece for positioning adjacent portions of the grille member. The central display area 316 of the cover 314 allows for the display of information relating to the operation of the thermostat, while the outer region 326 of the cover 314 can be opaque using paint or smoke trimming. For example, the center display area 316 can be used to display the 'current temperature, as illustrated in Figure 3A, where the number "75" indicates the degree. The thumb member 324 is designed to conceal the sensor from being viewed, thereby promoting the visually desirable quality of the container, but still permitting the sensor to receive its respective signals. The opening 318 in the fence member 324 along the forward facing surface of the outer casing allows transmission of signals through the cover 314 that would otherwise not pass. For example, 160350. Doc •12· 201245653 The glass, polycarbonate or other similar material used for the cover 314 is capable of transmitting visible light, but is highly attenuated for infrared energy systems having longer wavelengths in the range of 1 μm. The range is for the operating radiation band of many passive infrared (PIR) occupancy rate sensors. Notably, included in the thermostat according to some preferred implementations are ambient light sensors (not shown) and active proximity sensors that are positioned only near the top of the thermostat behind the cover 314 ( Not shown). Unlike PJR sensors, ambient light sensors and active proximity sensors are configured to detect glass of electromagnetic energy caps 314 in the visible and shorter infrared spectral bands having wavelengths less than 1 micron. Or the polycarbonate material is not dimensionally attenuated for the spectral bands. In some implementations, the fence member 324 includes an opening 318 'port 318 according to - or a plurality of implementations to allow longer wavelength infrared radiation to pass through toward the passive infrared (pIR) motion sensor 33 as illustrated. Opening. Because the grill member 324 is mounted over the radiation receiving surface of the piR motion sensor 330, the piR motion sensor 33 continues to receive longer wavelength infrared shots through the opening 318 and detects residence in the enclosure rate. Additional implementation of the fence component 324 also facilitates additional sensor debt testing of other environmental conditions. In some implementations, the grill member 324 assists the temperature sensor 334 positioned within the outer casing 346 to measure the ambient temperature of the air. The opening 318 in the grill member 324 facilitates air flow toward the temperature sensor 334 positioned below the grill member 324, thereby transferring the external temperature to the interior of the housing 346. In other implementations, the fence member 324 can be thermally coupled to the temperature sensor state to facilitate heat transfer from outside the outer casing 346. This article is further detailed later 160350. Doc • 13· 201245653 Describes the details regarding the operation of the grille member 324 and these and other sensors. The thermostat 110 is embodied in a circular shape and has a ring 3 12 for receiving a user wheel. The side view of the thermostat 11A in Fig. 3B further emphasizes the curved spherical shape of the single cover 3 14 and the grill member 324 which is gently curved outwardly to match the corresponding surface portion of the outer ring 312. In this implementation, the curvature of the cover 314 may tend to enlarge the information displayed in the central display area 3 16 ' thus making the information more readable by the user. The shape of the geek 110 provides a visually appealing feature not only when the thermostat 110 is assembled to the wall, but also provides a natural shape for the user to touch and adjust with his or her hand. Thus, the diameter of the thermostat 110 can be about the rib claw or another diameter that is easy to fit the hand. In various implementations, rotating the outer ring 312 will allow the user to make adjustments such as 'select a new target temperature. For example, the target temperature can be increased by rotating the outer ring 3 12 clockwise, and the target temperature can be reduced by rotating the outer ring 3 12 counterclockwise. Preferably, the outer ring 312 is mechanically assembled in a manner that provides a smooth and viscous feel to the user for further promoting overall elegance while also reducing blending or unwanted rotational input. According to various implementations, the outer ring 312 rotates over the plastic bearing and an optical digital encoder is used to measure the rotational movement and/or rotational position of the outer ring 312. According to alternative implementations, other techniques may be used, such as fitting the outer ring 312 to the central shaft member. According to the invention, the vent 342 facilitates ventilation through the gap 332 between the outer ring W and the body of the head unit 31; through the gap 344 between the head unit 31 and the back plate 34G, and via Vent (4) and enter the back 160350. Doc • 14 · 201245653 Some of this two milk flow can also pass through the opening 318 and pass over the sensor concealed by the compliant component 324. In general, the air circulation through the gaps 332, 344, the openings 3 丨 8 β ^ ] 318 and the vents 342 is supplied for at least two purposes. First, life is stolen. The Guardian% allows the ambient air to reach the sensor located inside the thermostat - or multiple sensors. The H gas cycle allows the electronics in the temperature controller 110 to cool so that heat from the electronic device does not significantly affect the sensing of ambient air characteristics. Other π-regions (such as gap 332, gap 344, and vent (4)) for air circulation other than opening 318 are also visually hidden from the user (as shown in Figures 3A through 3β), thus allowing for facilitation by the user. Easy to use, simple visually neat design. An optional implementation of the present invention includes a locking mechanism that engages by rotating the screw head 322 for a quarter turn. Figures 4A through 4B illustrate the use of a user's hand to control a thermostat designed in accordance with the practice of the present invention. As illustrated, the 'temperature detector 1' is wall-mounted, has a circular shape, and has a rotatable outer ring 312 for receiving user input. The cover 314 on the thermostat 110 includes a central display area 316 for providing information and feedback to the user before, during, and after operation of the thermostat 11. In some implementations, the outer region 326 of the cover 314 is scored for the user to push or otherwise manipulate the area of the thermostat 110, and thus the outer region 326 is opaque with paint or smoke trim. In accordance with the present invention, the grille member 324 provides an additional area for the user to rest their hands when viewing or operating the thermostat 11. It can be appreciated that the fence member 324 protects the sensor from the user's hand, but allows the amber sensor to receive the k-speak and gather information about the environment. The head unit 310 of the thermostat 110 slides onto the back plate (not shown) and enters 160350. Doc •15· 201245653 The step includes the ankle unit front 402 and the head unit frame 4〇4. The head unit front portion 402 includes an outer ring 312, a central display region 316 of the cover 314, and an outer region 326, and a grill member 324 designed in accordance with the practice of the present invention. Portions of the electronics and sensors (not shown) in the thermostat 110 are also included in the head unit front portion 402. According to some implementations, the thermostat 110 is controlled by only two types of user inputs for the purpose of encouraging the user's trust and further facilitating the combination of visual and functional elegance, the first type being the outer ring as illustrated in FIG. 3 is also called "rotating ring"), and the second type is pushed inwardly on the front part 4〇2 of the head unit as illustrated in Figure 4β until the audible and/or tactile “click” occurs. Click)". According to some implementations, the inward push illustrated in Figure 4B only causes the outer ring 312 to move forward, while in other implementations, the entire head unit front portion 4〇2 moves inward together when pushed. In some implementations | cover 314 and grill member 324 do not rotate with outer ring 312. Depending on the implementation, multiple types of user input may be generated depending on the manner in which the inward pushing of the front unit 4〇2 of the head unit is performed. In some implementations, a single short inward push of the head unit front 4 〇 2 following the release (single click) followed by the audible and/or tactile kata can be interpreted as a type of user. Input (also known as "inward Kata"). In its implementation, the head unit front 402 is pushed with inward pressure and the head unit is held with inward pressure - the amount of time (such as leap seconds to 3 seconds) can be interpreted as another type of user Input (also known as "Like and Gu Temple") (4) Some other implementations of Kang, other types of I60350 can be implemented by users. Doc •16· 201245653 User input, such as double cassettes and/or multiple cassettes, and pressing and holding for a longer and/or shorter time period. According to other implementations, a speed sensitive or acceleration sensitive rotational input can also be implemented to generate another type of user input (example #, maximal and fast leftward rotation specifying the "Away" m state, and greatly and quickly to the right Rotation specifies "Occupied" living status). Figures 5A through 5G illustrate thermostats in various disassembled states, and the position of the grill member 324 designed in accordance with the present invention when the weir is associated with the sensor and other components. The disassembled view of the thermostat 11A in Fig. 5A illustrates the head unit 31A slidably removed from the backing plate 340. According to some implementations, in this configuration, it can be appreciated that the backing plate 34 can act as a balanced wall connector for the thermostat 110 contained in the head unit, thereby facilitating ease of installation, configuration, and upgrades. . For example, in this implementation a new upgraded or re-refreshed head unit 310 can be placed over the existing backplane 34〇 without the need to rewire or reassemble the thermostat on the wall. As previously explained and described, the thermostat is a wall-mounted version having a circular shape and a rotatable ring 312 for receiving user input. The thermostat ιι has a cover 314 that includes a central display area 316 and an outer area 326. The head unit 310 of the thermostat 110 is partially slid onto the back plate 34A and attached to the back plate 340. According to some implementations, magnets, bayonet latches, latches and latches, tabs or ribs with matching indentations, or simply friction on the mating portions of the head unit 3 1〇 and the backing plate 340 can be used. The head unit 3 1 is connected to the backing plate 340. According to some implementations, a locking mechanism is provided as needed, wherein the backing plate 34 is smashed up to 160350. Doc •17- 201245653 The struts 502 are engaged by a quarter turn of the latch using a grub screw head or other type of screw head that is attached to the latch. For example, when the scorpion 110 is worn in a common location, a less common type of screw head (such as an octagonal or quincunx shape) can be used to provide greater safety and prevent head movements. except. According to some implementations, the head unit 31A includes a processing system 504, a display driver 5〇8, and a wireless communication system 51A. The processing system 〇4 is adapted to cause the display driver 5〇8 and the central display area ns to display information to the user and to receive user input via the rotating ring 312. According to some implementations, the processing system 504 can maintain and update a thermodynamic model for the enclosure that is installed with the HVAC system. For additional details regarding the thermodynamics modeling, see U.S. Patent No. 12/881,463, filed on Sep. 14, 2011, which is incorporated herein by reference. In accordance with some implementations, the wireless communication system 510 is configured to communicate with a combination of devices such as personal computers, other thermostats or remote devices and/or HVAC system components. Electronic device 512 and temperature sensor 514 are vented via vents 342 in backing plate 34. A bubble level 5i6 is provided to assist in properly orienting the thermostat 11 when the thermostat 110 is mounted on the wall. A wire connector 518 is provided to allow an electrical connection to be provided between the head unit 310 and the backing plate 340 with the HVAQ system. Figures 5B-5C illustrate top and bottom views of a thermostat backplate in accordance with an implementation of the present invention. The backing plate 340 is assembled to the wall by screws through the following two openings: a circular hole 522 and a slot-shaped hole 524. The user or installer can make small adjustments in the assembly angle of the backing plate 34 by using the slotted holes 524'. As shown in FIG. 5B, the 'back plate 34' includes a bubble level 516, and the bubble level is 160350. Doc 201245653 5 16 includes a window 526 through which the user can inspect and perform the step assembly on the wall back panel 34〇. The HVAC system leads are routed through the large rectangular opening 528 and to the wire connector 5 1 8 . According to some implementations, eight wire connectors are provided (as shown in Figure 5B) and the wire connectors are labeled with a common HVAC system wire name. Figure 5C illustrates the back side of the backing plate 34 facing the wall when the thermostat 110 is wall mounted. In one implementation, the temperature sensor 514 (generally, it may have a coarser accuracy than the head unit temperature sensor 334, but the scope of the teachings of the present invention is not so limited) is included in the backplane In the case of 34, even when the head unit 3 10 has been removed, the temperature sensor 5 14 allows the back plate 3 40 to be inserted as a function stranger. For example, the electronics 512 in the backplane includes a microcontroller (MCU) processor and driver circuitry for opening and closing the hvAC control circuitry. For example, such control circuits can be used to turn one or more HVAC functions (such as heating and cooling) on and off. The electronic device 512 also includes flash memory for storing a series of programmed design settings that are effective at different times of the day. For example, even when the head unit 310 of Figure 5a is not attached to the backplane 340, a preset set of programmed setpoint changes for the flash memory can be made. According to some implementations, the electronic device 512 also includes a power harvesting circuit to obtain power from the HVAC control circuit even when the hvaC common power line is unavailable. Figures 5D through 5E illustrate perspective views of a portion of the head unit 3 that is assembled into a single component and that is detached into a plurality of sub-assemblies. In the assembled single component illustrated in the figures, the head unit 3 includes a head unit front portion 402 and a head unit frame 404. The head unit 310 in Fig. 5D is facilitated by 160350. Doc -19- 201245653 is designed to be separated from the backplane (not shown) and facilitates easy repair, replacement or upgrade of the electronics, firmware and software in the head unit 31. For example, the thermostat can be upgraded by removing the head unit 310 from the backplane and replacing it with the upgraded or new head unit 310. As illustrated in Figure 5E, the head unit front portion 402 can be further disassembled into a fence member 324, a cover 314, a head unit front assembly 530, and an outer ring 312. The head unit front assembly 530 is slidably assembled and fastened to the head unit frame 404' to urge the outer ring 312 to be retained between the head unit front assembly 530 and the head unit frame 404. In some implementations, the outer ring 3 12 can be rotated and receive user input via clockwise or counterclockwise rotation while the head unit front assembly 530 remains fixed in position. The cover 314 is coupled to the display module 532 and protects the display module 532. The display module 532 is configured to display information to the user viewing the thermostat. As an example, the information displayed by the display module 532 can include the current temperature, such as the temperature of 75 degrees displayed by the display module 532 in the center display area 316 of FIG. 3A. In other implementations, display module 532 can also display a variety of other information to the user' including setpoints, configuration information, diagnostics, and geek programming details. According to some implementations, the display module 532 is a dot matrix layout (individually addressable) such that an arbitrary shape can be generated instead of a segmented layout. According to other implementations, the combination of the dot matrix layout and the segment layout can also be displayed by Module 532 is used. In accordance with the present invention, display module 532 can be implemented using a backlit color liquid crystal display (LCD). According to other implementations, display module 532 can use, for example, a passive and/or monochrome LCD, an organic light emitting diode (〇LED), or an electronic 160350. Doc -20- 201245653 Display technology for ink display technology. Electronic ink is a particularly suitable technique for some implementations because it continues to reflect light without drawing power and energy. In addition, the electronic ink display technology implemented in accordance with the present invention also saves energy because it does not require a particularly short renewed time. In accordance with the present invention, the fence member 324 can be used to conceal and protect a plurality of different sensors. In some implementations, the sensors can include a temperature sensor 334 and a PIR motion sensor 33A that are integrated with the thermostat. In the implementation illustrated in FIG. 5], the PIR motion sensor 330 includes a presnei lens 534 to assist in directing infrared radiation to the infrared sensitive component of the piR motion sensor 33 (not shown in FIG. 5E). Show). The grill member 324 acts as a cover but transmits substantial amount of infrared radiation through the Fresnel lens 534 and to the infrared sensitive element. As will be described in detail later herein, the design of the fence member 324 allows the PIR motion sensor 33 to traverse across a wide range of angles in the vicinity of the thermostat (even when covered by the grill member 324) Move. Similarly, the fence member 324 can also conceal the temperature sensor 334 positioned near the bottom of the edge of the Fresnel lens 534 as indicated by the dip. Guard member 324 helps protect temperature sensor 334 from damage and contributes to the overall streamlined appeal of the thermostat. Additionally, constructing the fence member 324 from a thermally conductive material, such as a metal or metal alloy, can help absorb heat around the thermostat and deliver heat to the temperature sensor 334 for more accurate measurement. Figures 5F through 5G illustrate perspective views of a head unit front assembly 530 that behaves as an assembled assembly and that is disassembled into a plurality of subassemblies. In some implementations, the head unit front assembly 530 includes at least three sub-assemblies: display mold 160350. Doc 21- 201245653 Group 532, head unit front panel 536 and head unit circuit board Mg^ display module 532 is used to display information to the user and can be separated from head unit front panel 536 as illustrated. According to some implementations, the head unit front panel 536 is positioned to receive the temperature sensor 334 in the temperature sensor slot 54A. Temperature sensor 334 is attached to the planar surface of head unit circuit board 538 and extends generally perpendicular to the planar surface. In contrast, the PIR motion sensor 3 3 is coplanar with the surface of the head unit circuit board 538 and thus also perpendicular to the temperature sensor 334. When the head unit circuit board 538 is slidably assembled to the back side of the head unit front panel 536, the temperature sensor 343 is caused to follow the normal of the head unit circuit board 538 and the temperature sensor 334 Insert into the temperature sensor slot 54〇. Similarly, slidably fitting the head unit circuit board 538 to the back side of the head unit front panel 536 positions the infrared sensitive element 33A behind the Fresnel lens 534 and is constructed as previously in Figures 5E and 3A. The piR motion sensor 330 is described. The perspective view of the partially assembled head unit front portion 4〇2 of Fig. 6 shows the positioning of the fence member 324 designed in accordance with aspects of the present invention with respect to a number of sensors used by the thermostat. In some implementations, the head unit front portion 402 as illustrated in Figure 6 includes an outer ring 312, a grill member 324 positioned on the head unit front assembly 530, wherein the cover 314 is removed as illustrated. . The head unit front portion 402 forms part of the head unit 3 1 〇 and the outer casing 346 illustrated in Fig. 3B for enclosing the geek. In some implementations, the fence member 324 covers one or more sensors used by the thermostat and is attached to the 160350 by the head unit front assembly 53〇. Doc -22· 201245653 The front surface of the outer casing. The design and position of the grill member 3 24 provides a smooth, smooth, and visually pleasing impression to the user while also improving the durability and functionality of one or more of the concealed sensors. In some implementations, the benefit from the gate member 324 can be attributed to the shape of the opening 318, the material used to fabricate the fence member 324, or the positioning of the fence member 324 relative to one or more sensors, and combination. In some implementations. The placement of the fence member 324 (as illustrated in Figure 6) above the PIR motion sensor 334 conceals and protects the sensor. For example, the grill member 324 can protect the piR motion sensor 334 during manufacture, transport, installation, or use of the hands of a user operating the thermostat (as illustrated in Figures 4A and 4B). Concealment not only protects the PIR motion sensor 334, but also facilitates visually agreeable geeks suitable for use in a variety of residential and commercial applications. One or more openings 3 18 in the design of the fence member 324 in accordance with implementations of the present invention allow the PIR motion sensor 334 (although concealed) to detect lateral motion of occupants in a room or area. Positioning the PIR motion sensor 334 along the front surface of the head unit front assembly 530 allows the radiation receiving element of the sensor to continue to detect infrared radiation emitted by the occupant near the thermostat. As described in further detail later herein, the PIR motion sensor 334 can detect that the laterally moving occupant' opening 318 is slit and elongated along a substantially horizontal direction due to the shape of the opening 318. In some implementations, the Philippine lens 534 helps focus the radiation from such occupants onto the infrared sensitive sensor elements (not shown in Figure 6) of the PIR motion sensor 334. For example, the grill member 324 has been placed in PIR shipped 160350. Doc • 23- 201245653 One or more openings above the wheel receiving component of the motion sensor 334 and the Philippine lens Μ#. Although the grill member 324 can be constructed from a variety of materials including metal, plastic, glass, carbon composites, and metal alloys, for the purpose of increasing temperature sensing accuracy, it is generally preferred to have the grill member have high heat. A material of conductivity, such as a metal or metal alloy. The grill member 324 can also enhance the operation of the sensor in the thermostat. In some implementations, not only the temperature sensor 334 is protected, but also the detection of the ambient temperature is enhanced by the placement of the fence member 324. For example, where the fence member 324 is made of a thermally conductive material, such as a metal or metal alloy, it operates as a "hot antenna" and is more likely to be sampled than the temperature sensor 334 would otherwise sample. The wide area absorbs the ambient temperature. The temperature sensor 334, which is substantially perpendicular to the head «Ρ cell board 538 facing the fence member 324, is sufficiently close to receive the heat absorbed by the grill member 324. In some implementations, applying a thermally conductive material 542 (such as a paste, thermal adhesive, or thermal grease) between the temperature sensor 334 and the gate member 324 to the surface will improve the heat between the two components. Accuracy of conductivity and temperature measurement. Thermally coupling the grill member 324 to the temperature sensor 334 assists the temperature sensor 334 in measuring the ambient air temperature outside of the housing that holds the thermostat rather than inside. Some implementations of temperature sensor 330 may use a pair of thermal sensors to more accurately measure ambient temperature. The first or upper thermal sensor 330a associated with the temperature sensor 33A tends to collect temperature data that is closer to the area outside or above the thermostat, while the second or lower thermal sensor 33〇b tends to collect temperature data that is more closely related to the interior of the enclosure. At 160350. Doc -24- 201245653 In one implementation, each of temperature sensors 330a and 330b includes a Texas Instruments TMP112 digital temperature sensor wafer. In order to determine the ambient temperature more accurately, the temperature taken from the lower thermal sensor 33 〇 b is considered in view of the temperature measured by the upper thermal sensor 33 〇 a and when the effective ambient temperature is determined. This configuration can advantageously be used to compensate for the effects of heat generated in the thermostat by the microprocessor and/or other electronic components in the thermostat, thereby preventing or minimizing temperature measurement errors that may otherwise be experienced. . In some implementations, the accuracy of the ambient temperature measurement can be further enhanced by thermally coupling the temperature sensor 33〇 upper thermal sensor 33〇3 to the fence member 324, because the upper thermal sensing The device 33〇a better reflects the ambient temperature than the lower thermal sensor 33. The use of a pair of thermal sensors to determine the effective ambient temperature is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,741,476, issued to the name of s. This patent is incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. Illustratively referring to FIG. 5F to FIG. 5g and FIG. 6, the mutual positioning and group of the guard member 324, the Philippine lens 534, the PIR sensor 330, the upper thermal sensor 330a and the lower thermal sensor 303b The state provides a combination of beneficial and synergistic effects of physical tightness and visual sensor concealment, along with facilitating the accuracy of the ambient temperature sensor! · Health and maintain PIR occupancy rate sensing functionality. In some ways, this situation can be broken into a beneficial result of "dual use" of the critical volume between the Fresnel lens 534 and the surface of the pIR sensor 334, where the phenanthrene lens is 534. The necessary spacing from the surface of the PIR sensor 334 also serves as a space across which the thermal sensing 160350 is formed and sensed. Doc -25- 201245653 Temperature gradient between the device 330b and the upper thermal sensor 33〇3, which is fully utilized to provide better surroundings than would be sensed by the ambient temperature provided by the single point thermal sensor Temperature sensing. Again, the tightness facilitated by the configuration of elements 534/334/33〇&/330b allows it to be placed behind the grille 324 without substantially increasing the need for outward protrusion of the overall outer casing. At the same time, for the preferred implementation of the gate 324 metal and thermal coupling to the upper thermal sensor 33A, the high thermal conductivity of the grid member 324 is further enhanced by acting as a "hot antenna". Accuracy, this is added to its concealed and other functions of ambient air access. Figures 7A through 7B illustrate in detail how the source of infrared light interacts with a slit-like opening in a fence member designed in accordance with the present invention. & emphasizing the interaction, Figure 7A illustrates the fence member 324 having the opening 3 18 and positioning it on the grid. Pir motion sensor 33 () behind P piece 324 (when it will be in a temperature device designed in accordance with the present invention, according to some implementations, opening 318 is slotted along a substantially horizontal direction as illustrated The infrared source can be viewed across a wide range of angles, such as lateral movements by the occupant moving across the room or other areas. To represent this range, Figure 7A has a left infrared source 702, a central infrared source 7 〇6 and the right infrared ray are the arrows of the original 704. For example, the occupant who walks across the room in front of the stranger with the thumb member 324 can first emit the radiation that appears as the left infrared source 702' and then gradually emits Table; see the radiation of the infrared source of the towel and then gradually emit radiation that appears as the right infrared source 7〇4. As shown in Fig. 7A, the barrier member of the grill member 324 is 160350. Doc -26- 201245653 A wide range of infrared sources are passed through towards the PIR motion sensor 3 3 〇. Both the left infrared source 702 and the right infrared source 7〇4 can be transmitted along the elongated horizontal opening 318, as indicated by the arrows of such sources. The center infrared source 706 is also passed through openings 3丨8 in the fence member 324, as permitted by the vertical height of one or more slit slots. Thus, it can also be appreciated that the opening 3丨8 from the fence member 324 having a slot-like shape allows the PIR motion sensor 330 to detect occupant emissions that are laterally moved by traversing a wide range of angles near the thermostat. Radiation. For example, the grill member 324 can detect an occupant moving to the left of the grill member 324 as the left infrared source 702, or an occupant moving to the right of the grill member 324 as the right infrared source 7〇4. A person moving substantially at the center of the fence member 324 will appear as a central infrared source 706 and will also pass through the opening 318 toward the piR motion sensor 330. In effect, the fence member 324 will also pass a number of other infrared sources through the opening 31$ toward the PIR motion sensor 330 at an angle between the left infrared source 702, the central infrared source 7〇6 and the right infrared source 704. Figure 7B illustrates the effect of the occupant moving through the PIR motion sensor in the thermostat covered by the grill member of the present invention. The piR motion sensor (not shown in Figure 7B) is located behind the grill member 324, much like the PIR motion sensor 33A in the Figure. The pIR motion sensor is capable of detecting lateral changes in the radiation 710 caused by laterally moving, 'external line radiation sources, such as people walking around the room. In order for the occupancy rate detector to function properly, the lateral change in radiation 710 caused by the occupant must be changed to the overall infrared radiation caused by daylight and ° (sometimes referred to as the common mode signal). Doc •27· 201245653 Change the distinction. In some implementations, the 'PIR motion sensor has a pair of differential sensing elements' that are placed with opposite polarities to reject common mode signals generated by radiation 7 1 》 when the occupant 708 does not exist or not Upon movement, a sudden overall change in radiation 710 caused by daylight, heat or vibration produces a complementary signal from the pair of differential sensing elements simultaneously. Complementary signals from the pair of differential sensing elements immediately cancel out such false positive or common mode signals. In comparison, the occupant 708, which is laterally moved across the room or other space near the thermostat 110 in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 7B, produces a localized change in the light shot 710. The localized changes in radiation 710 are detected and partially offset by the common mode signal of radiation 710 because the sensing elements are arranged along the horizontal axis and are triggered sequentially by lateral movement rather than simultaneously. Because the opening 3 18 in the grill member 3 24 is slotted, the radiation 710 enters the weir 110 and is detected by the PIR motion sensor, regardless of whether the occupant 708 is laterally from the extreme right near the thermostat. Moving laterally, moving laterally from the extreme left or laterally moving near the central region. FIG. 8A to FIG. 8D illustrate changing the opening of the barrier member along a vertical distance to change the PIr motion sensor according to aspects of the present invention. Sensitivity. Typically, the sensitivity of the pIR motion sensor to the height of the occupant can be varied by varying the vertical span of the opening in the fence component. According to some implementations, the grill member 8〇2 illustrated in Figure 8A is positioned on the forward surface of the thermostat 810 that is mounted to the wall. The thermostat 81 is partially shown in Figure 8B for convenience, but is similar to the thermostat 110 described and illustrated in Figure 3A. The fence member 802 of Figure 8A has a plurality of rows of openings 806, each opening 806 160350. Doc -28 · 201245653 has a slot-like shape and is organized along a vertical span 804. Therefore, the PIR motion sensor (not shown in FIGS. 8A to 8D) behind the 5 vine thumb member 802 is used together with the thermostat 81A in FIG. 8B and has a sensitive angle 808 or θι ° right occupant The height is within the sensitive angle 808, and the PIR motion sensor in the thermostat 81 图 of Figure 8B should be capable of detecting the radiation emitted by the lateral movement of the occupant. Conversely, an occupant whose height drops below the sensitive angle 808 cannot be detected by the PIR motion sensor in the thermostat 810 of Figure 8B. According to an alternative implementation, by reducing the number of columns or openings across the vertical span, the sensitivity to southness can be reduced as illustrated in Figure 8C. In comparison to the fence member 802, the number of openings 816 in the fence member 812 illustrated in Figure sc is less than the number of openings 8〇6. In addition, opening 816 in fence member 812 extends over vertical span 814, which is narrower and positioned higher than vertical span 8〇4 in fence member 802. Therefore, the use of the grill member 812 in the thermostat 81A of Fig. 8D causes a sensitive angle 818 or 02 which is narrower than the sensitive angle 8〇8 or 01 described in the previous month 'J. For example, the piR motion sensor behind the grill member 812 on the thermostat 81 in Fig. 8D will not detect occupants whose height is outside the sensitive angle 8丨8 or h. As a result, the same occupant detected by the thermostat 81 having the grill member 8〇2 may not be high enough to use the damper 81 of the grill member 812. Depending on the installation, it may be more desirable. A fence member that is more similar to the fence member 812 is used to limit the detection of occupants that are higher in height. In order to measure the occupants who may be shorter in height, it may be more desirable to use the grill member 8〇2 in the thermostat 810. 160350. Doc • 29· 201245653 Since Figs. 8A to 8D are illustrative, the shape, number, size, organization and location of the openings in the grill members 8〇2 and 812 are merely exemplary and for comparison purposes. In fact, the design of the grille component of the present invention should not be limited by the particular size, number of openings, particular shape, or absolute or relative position of such or other features. In some implementations, different fence components can be fabricated to have a different number of openings having slit-like dimensions configured in one or more columns. For example, depending on the desired sensitivity to the occupant's latitude and the location of the thermostat 810 on the wall or other location, the person installing the thermostat 81 can select and install different grill components. In other implementations, the installer can use a masking member attached to the back opening in the grill member to modify the opening and adjust sensitivity to height. Instead of making different fence components, a shield component can be used to cover or expose the desired number of openings in the fence section to modify a fence component. By way of example, the masking member can be a plastic or metal fitting having a slot-like dimension applied to the back side of the grill member 8〇2 that fills one or more of the openings 806. These fittings of the material can be trimmed with the same hue or color as the surface of the grill member 8〇2, and the overall appearance of the thumb member 802 can be read and adjusted. Thus, the sensitivity to the height of the occupant may vary depending on the coverage of the substantially horizontal slit-like opening by the masking member, which is substantially horizontally spaced to open the σ to transmit the emitted radiation to the piR motion sense. The receiving surface of the detector. Referring to Figure 9, an aspect flow chart in accordance with the present invention summarizes the operations associated with integrating the sensor's monthly b force with the thermostat and grill components. In some implementations, the integrating operation includes providing a housing for the thermostat that is designed to be 160350. Doc •30- 201245653 provides an attractive and durable configuration for one or more integrated sensors (902). The housing for the thermostat can be the housing 346 and thermostat 110 as illustrated in Figure 3B as previously described. The thermostat is enclosed by an outer casing having a front face for the cover and the fence member according to the aspect of the invention. One or more integrated sensors protected by the enclosure may include occupancy sensors, such as PiR motion detectors, temperature sensors, full-sensing sensors, proximity sensors, or may be used to operate the thermostat Other sensors of the device. Placing these and other sensors inside the housing protects the sensors from accidental shock or breakage during manufacture, shipping, installation or use. Because the sensor is protected inside the housing, the sensor is more likely to maintain its calibration and provide accurate measurement results for the thermostat. In addition, the integration operation may also provide a passive infrared (PIR) motion sensor (904) disposed within the housing and for sensing the occupancy rate in the vicinity of the thermostat. In some implementations, the piR motion sensor has a radiation receiving surface that is capable of detecting radiation emitted toward the surface by the lateral movement of the nearby occupant toward the outer casing. The occupancy rate information detected by the PIR motion sensor can be used by the thermostat to better adjust the heating or cooling operation of the HVAC in the enclosure (such as a residential building). In some implementations, the thermostat can use occupancy rate information to turn on HVAC when the occupancy rate is detected and to turn off HVAC when no occupancy rate is detected by the PIR motion sensor. In an alternative implementation, the thermostat can use the occupancy rate information generated by the PIR motion sensor as part of a heuristic that learns when the enclosure is likely to be inhabited or uninhabited and is expected to be heated or cooled. This temptation can use the immediate and historical geographic weather trends and other factors combined with the learned residence patterns to 160350. Doc •31· 201245653 Determine when the enclosure needs to be cooled or heated. A temperature sensor placed inside the housing can also be provided to detect the ambient temperature near the thermostat. The PIR motion sensor and temperature sensor can be similar to the PIR motion sensor 330 and temperature sensor 334 illustrated in Figure 6, respectively, as previously described. In accordance with the present invention, the integrating operation can further attach a thumbcap portion (906) that is placed toward the surface of the housing and placed over the radiation receiving surface of the PIR motion sensor. As previously described, the grille component can substantially conceal and protect the PIR motion sensor housed within the housing. The concealed PIR motion sensor promotes the visually desirable quality of the thermostat and protects the PIR motion sensor during manufacturing, shipping, installation and use. In some implementations, the fence member can be similar to the fence member 324 previously described and illustrated with respect to Figure 3A. Thus, the grill member can be made of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of metals, plastics, glass, carbon composites, metal-carbon composites, and metal alloys. The grill component can be a thermally conductive material such as a metal or metal alloy and can be thermally coupled to a temperature sensor that is also disposed within the outer casing of the thermostat. In some implementations, thermally coupling the temperature sensor to the grill component assists the temperature sensor in measuring the temperature of the ambient temperature of the air measured outside of the enclosure rather than inside the enclosure. 18A-18B illustrate a visually constrained thermostat 1800 having a user affinity interface, in accordance with some embodiments. The temperature regulator 1800 of Figures 18A-183 is generally similar to the thermostat 11A of Figure 3A above, wherein additional and/or alternative aspects of the thermostat are described below. The term "thermostat" is used hereinafter to refer to the particular type of multi-function sensing 160350 described in the above-referenced U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 61/429,093. Doc •32· 201245653 and control unit (vscu), its classification, * m Danhe is suitable for HVAC control in enclosures. Although the "thermostat" and "Mrm - 1 丄V bCU single 7L" can be regarded as interchangeable for the HVAC control of the enclosure, the 4S a ^ poorly accessible system is interchangeable, but is to be applied to these VSCUs. Each of the above and below embodiments of the unit are within the teachings of the present invention, the VSCU units having measurable characteristics other than temperature (eg, pressure, flow rate, height, position) Control functionality of, speed, acceleration, capacity, power, loudness, brightness) for use in any of a variety of different control systems involving the control of one or more physical systems - or a plurality of measurable characteristics, And/or control of other energy or resource consuming systems (such as water usage systems, air usage systems, systems involving the use of other natural resources, and systems involving the use of various other forms of energy). Unlike many prior art thermostats, the thermostat 1800 preferably has a smooth, simple, clean and elegant design that does not detract from the décor of the home, and can actually serve as an adjacent location for installation of the thermostat. Visually agree with the center piece. In addition, user interaction with the thermostat 1800 is facilitated and greatly enhanced by the design of the thermostat 1800 as compared to known conventional thermostats. The thermostat 18A includes a control circuit and is electrically coupled to the HVAC system, such as an HVAC system shown as having the thermostat of Figures 1 and 2 above. The thermostat 1800 is wall mounted, has a circular shape' and has an outer rotatable ring 1812 for receiving user input. The thermostat 1800 has a circular shape in that it exhibits a substantially disk-like object when split on the wall. The thermostat 18 has a large front face located inside the outer ring 1812. According to some embodiments, the thermostat has a diameter of about 80 mm. The outer rotatable ring 1812 allows the user to adjust the 160350. Doc -33- 201245653 The whole 'such as' selects the new target temperature. For example, by rotating the outer ring 1812 clockwise, the target temperature can be increased, and the target temperature can be reduced by rotating the outer ring 1 8 12 ' counterclockwise. . The front face of the thermostat 包含8〇〇 includes: a transparent cover 1814' which is polycarbonate according to some embodiments; and a metal portion 1824' which preferably has a plurality of slots formed therein as shown. According to some embodiments, the surface of the cover 1814 and the metal portion 1824 form a generally outwardly curved or spherical shape that is gently curved outwardly, and this relaxed arcuate shape continues by the outer ring 1812. Although formed from a single lenticular material such as polycarbonate, the cover 1814 has two distinct zones or portions including an outer portion ι 814 and a central portion i 814i. According to some embodiments, the cover 1814 is painted or smoked around the outer portion 1 814, but the central portion 18 丨 4i is visibly transparent 'to facilitate inspection of the electronic display 1816 disposed thereunder. According to some embodiments, the curved cover 1814 acts as a lens that tends to expand the information displayed to the user in the electronic display 1816. According to some embodiments, the central electronic display 18丨6 is a dot matrix layout (individually addressable) such that an arbitrary shape can be produced instead of a segmented layout. According to some embodiments, a combination of a dot matrix layout and a segmentation layout is used. According to some embodiments, the center display 18 16 is a backlit color liquid crystal display (LCD). An example of information displayed on electronic display 1816 is illustrated in Figure 18A and includes a central value 丨 82 表示 representing the current set point temperature. The metal portion 1824 has a plurality of slot-like openings in accordance with the embodiments to facilitate the use of the passive infrared motion sensor 183A mounted thereunder. Or 'metal portion 1824' may be referred to as a metal front grill portion. Metal part / 160350. Doc • 34 - 201245653 A further description of the front grille section is provided in the above-mentioned co-transfer US application No. 13/199,1 08. The thermostat 18 is preferably constructed such that the electronic display 1816 is in a fixed orientation and does not rotate with the outer ring 1812, such that the electronic display 1816 remains readily readable by the user. For some embodiments, the cover 1814 and the metal portion 1824 are also maintained in a fixed orientation and do not rotate with the outer ring 1812. According to an embodiment in which the diameter of the thermostat 18 is about 8 jaws, the electronic display 1816 has a diameter of about 45 mm. According to some embodiments, LED indicator 1880 is positioned below portion 1824 to serve as a low power consumption indicator for a particular state condition. For example, when the rechargeable battery of the thermostat (see Figure 4A, below) is extremely low and recharged, the led indicator 1 880 can be used to display a flashing red color. More generally, the LED indicator 1 880 can be used to communicate one or more status codes or error codes depending on various combinations of red, green, red and green, various blinking rates, etc., which may be used for troubleshooting purposes. . Motion sensing and other techniques can be used for the detection and/or prediction of the occupancy rate as described in the above-mentioned commonly assigned U.S. Application Serial No. 12/881,43. According to some embodiments, the occupancy rate information is used to generate an efficient and efficient scheduler. Preferably, an active proximity sensor 1870A is provided to detect an approaching user by infrared light reflection and a peripheral light sensor 1870B is provided to sense visible light. The proximity sensor 187 can be used to detect the proximity within a range of about one meter, so that the thermostat 18 can be used when the user is approaching the thermostat and the user touches the strange temperature. Start "waking up" before the device. This use of proximity sensing is used to "ready" or be ready for the user by the user when they are ready to interact with the thermostat. Doc -35- 201245653 Quickly "ready" interaction after interacting with the thermostat to enhance the user experience. In addition, the functionality of wake-up on the near end also allows for energy savings in the thermostat by "sleeping" when no user interaction occurs or is about to occur. The ambient light sensor 1870B can be used for a variety of intelligent gathering purposes, such as for facilitating confirmation of occupancy rates when detecting sharply rising or falling edges (because there is likely to be an occupant to turn the lights on and off), and for example for detecting A long-term (eg, 24 hour) pattern of ambient light intensity is measured for confirmation and/or automatic establishment of the time of day. According to some embodiments, the thermostat 1800 is controlled by only two types of user inputs for the purpose of encouraging the user's trust and further facilitating the combination of visual and functional elegance, the first type being rotated as illustrated in Figure 18A. Ring 1812 (hereinafter referred to as "rotating ring" or "ring rotation" input), and the second type is pushed inwardly on the outer top cover 18A8 (see Figure 18B) until an audible and/or tactile sensation occurs. "Kata" (hereafter referred to as "inward card" or simply "card"). For the embodiment of Figures 18A-18, the outer cap 1808 is an assembly that includes all of the outer ring 1812, the cover i8i4, the electronic display 1816, and the metal portion 1824. When pressed by the user inwardly, the outer cap i travels inwardly against the inner metal hemispherical switch (not shown) for a small amount (such as 〇 5 mm) and is then released at inward pressure. In the case of a revolving spring, the outer phase travels to the same amount 'to provide a satisfactory touch to the user's hand. The "Kata" feels that the "fourth" should mitigate the audible cut sound. Thus, for the embodiment of Figures BA through 18B, the inward cut can be achieved by pressing directly onto the outer ring 1812 itself, or by relying on the cover, metal 160350. Doc • 36 - 201245653 Section 1814 provides inward pressure to indirectly press the outer ring, or by various combinations thereof. For other embodiments, the thermostat 〇〇8〇〇 can be mechanically configured such that only the outer ring 1812 travels inward for input to the inner cassette, while the cover 1814 and the metal portion 1824 remain stationary. It will be appreciated that a variety of different selections and groups of specific mechanical components that are to be advanced inwardly to achieve an inward click can be within the scope of the teachings of the present invention, regardless of whether it is an outer ring, "self, cover" A certain portion of the cover 1814 or a combination thereof. However, it has been found to be particularly advantageous to provide the user with "ring rotation" and "inward" with a single hand and with the minimum amount of time and effort involved. The ability to run back and forth quickly between the cassettes, and because of &, has been found to be particularly advantageous by providing the ability to provide inward clicks directly by pressing the outer ring 1812, since the user's fingers need not be lifted. While not in contact with or sliding along the surface to operate between the ring rotation and the inward click. Further, relying on the strategic placement of the electronic display 1816 at the center of the rotatable ring 1812, The advantage is that the user can naturally focus his attention on the electronic display throughout the input procedure, just in the middle of where the hand is performing the function of the electronic display. Intuitive outer ring rotation (especially The (but not limited to) the change in the set point temperature of the thermostat, and the satisfactory inward carding entity feels conveniently closed together) together with the natural concentration of the electronic display H in the middle of the activity of the finger The combination of the present invention significantly increases the intuitive and seamless user experience. The advantageous mechanical user interface and other descriptions of the design used in accordance with some embodiments can be found in the aforementioned U.S. Application Serial No. 13/033,573, the aforementioned U.S. Application. No. 29/386 '021 and the above-mentioned U.S. Application No. 13/1991, No. 8. I60350. Doc • 37· 201245653 Figure 18C illustrates a cross-sectional view of the shell portion 1809 of the frame of the thermostat of Figures 18A-18B, which has been found to be in contrast to a variety of different wall colors and wall textures in a variety of different housing environments and housing settings. The shell portion 1809 provides a particularly desirable and adaptable visual appearance of the overall thermostat 1800 when viewed. While the thermostat itself will be functionally adapted to the user's schedule as described herein and in one or more of the above-mentioned co-transfer application, the outer shell portion i 8〇9 Specifically configured to convey "chameleon" qualities or characteristics that make the overall device appear natural in visual and decorative sense for many of the most common wall colors and wall textures found in residential and commercial environments. Ground blending, this is at least partly because of. When viewed from many different angles, the device appears to be surrounded by a uniform color and uniform texture. The shell portion 1809 has the shape of a gently curved frustum when viewed in cross section and comprises a side wall 1876 made of a transparent solid material such as polycarbonate plastic. The paint has a substantially matte silver or nickel color paint applied to the inner surface 1878 of the side wall 1876 but not to its outer surface 1877. The outer surface 1 877 is smooth and light-shelled but not painted. Side wall 1 876 can have about 1. The thickness τ of 5 mm is about 78 at the first end of the wall when assembled. The diameter dl of 8 mm, and about 81 at the second end of the wall when assembled. The diameter d2 of 2 mm, the diameter change occurs across the outer width dimension "h" of approximately 22 5 mm, and the diameter change occurs in a linear manner or better in a slightly non-linear manner, with a slightly non-linear approach The outward distance is formed into a slightly curved shape when viewed in the scraped surface as shown in Fig. 18C. The outer top cover 18〇8 outer ring 1812 is preferably constructed to be 160350. Doc -38- 201245653 is matched to the diameter d2 'where the traverse gl which is equal in size from the second end of the shell portion 1809 is placed near the second end of the shell portion 18 8 and then returns to the inward mitigation The ground is curved to meet the cover 1814 across the small gap g2. Of course, it should be understood that 'Fig. 18 (only the outer shell portion 1809 of the thermostat 18 说明 is illustrated, and there are many electronic components inside the thermostat 1 800 that are omitted from the diagram i8c for clarity of presentation, this The isoelectronic component is further described in the following and/or in the other of the incorporated application (such as the aforementioned U.S. Application Serial No. 13/199, No. 8). According to some embodiments, the thermostat 18A includes a processing system 186, a display driver 1864, and a wireless communication system 1866. The processing system 186 is adapted to cause the display driver 1864 and display area 1816 to display information to the user, and to receive user input via the rotatable ring 1812. According to some embodiments, the processing system 1860 is capable of performing a control of the operation of the thermostat 1800 including the user interface features described herein. The processing system 186 is further programmed and configured to perform as follows and/or Other operations described further in the other application of the co-transfer application. For example, processing system 1860 is further programmed and configured to Guarding and updating a thermodynamic model for an enclosure that is mounted with an HVAC system, such as described in the aforementioned U.S. Application Serial No. 12/881,463, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein to / or communication with other thermostat or HVAC system components, which may be communication between peers, via communication located on one or more servers on a private network, or/or via cloud-based services Figure 19A to Figure 19B illustrate the thermostat 1800 with respect to its two main 160350. Doc •39· 201245653 The exploded front and rear view of the components (which are head unit 19GG and backplane 〇). Additional technical and/or functional descriptions of each of the electrical and mechanical components described hereinafter may be found in one or more of the co-transfer application (such as the aforementioned U.S. Application Serial No. 13/199, Just in the number). In the "not in the picture", the "Zj direction" is outward from the wall, the "丫" direction is the head-to-toe direction of the user who is moving forward, and the "χ" direction is the left-to-right direction of the user. 20A to 20B are exploded front and rear perspective views, respectively, of the head unit 19A with respect to its main assembly. The head unit 19A includes a head unit frame 1910, an outer ring 192A (which is manipulated for ring rotation), a head unit front assembly 1930, a front lens 1980, and a front grille 1990. The electrical components on the front unit 1930 of the head unit can be connected to the electrical components on the backplane 2 by means of ribbon cables and/or other receptacle type electrical connectors. 21A-21B illustrate exploded front and rear perspective views, respectively, of the head unit front assembly 193'' relative to its main components. The head unit front assembly 1930 includes a head unit circuit board 194A and a head unit front panel module 1960. The components on the front side of the head unit circuit board 194 are hidden behind the RF shield in Figure 2ia, but are discussed in more detail below with respect to Figure 24. On the back of the head unit circuit board 1940 is a rechargeable lithium ion battery 1944'. For a preferred embodiment, the rechargeable lithium ion battery 丨944 has 3. The nominal voltage of 7 volts and the nominal capacity of 56 〇 mAh. However, in order to extend battery life, battery 1944 is typically not charged over 450 mAh by a thermostat battery charging circuit. In addition, although it is determined that the battery 1944 can be charged to 4. 2 volts, but the thermostat battery charging circuit usually does not charge it 160350. Doc •40- 201245653 Electricity exceeds 3. 95 volts. In Fig. 21B, the β 疋 of the j can be configured and positioned to sense the rotation of the outer ring 1920. The module 1942 senses movement of the texturable surface on the opposite perimeter of the outer ring 1920 using a tactic similar to the operation of an optical computer mouse. The value of the module 1942 is one of the few sensors that are controlled by a relatively strong power head unit microprocessor rather than a relatively low power backplane microprocessor. This situation can be achieved without excessive power exhaustion, because the head unit microprocessor will not wake up when the user manually turns the dial. Therefore, there is no excessive in any way. Wake up power is exhausted. Advantageously, a very fast response can also be provided by the head unit microprocessor. Also visible in the figure is a Fresnel lens 1957 that operates in conjunction with a piR motion sensor disposed thereunder. Figures 22A-22B illustrate the backplane unit 2〇〇〇 relative to its main components, respectively. Decompose the front and back perspectives. The backplane unit 2A includes a backplane rear panel 2010, a backplane circuit board 2020, and a backplane cover 2080. What can be seen in FIG. 22A is a HVAC wire connector 2022 that includes an integrated wire insertion sensing circuit, and two relatively large capacitors 2〇24 that are mounted on the back side of the backplane circuit board 2020. Portions of the power stealing circuit are used and are discussed further below with respect to FIG. Figure 23 illustrates a perspective view of the partially assembled head unit front portion 19'' showing a fence member 丨99〇 designed in accordance with aspects of the present invention relative to several sensors used by the geek Positioning. In some implementations, as described further in the above-referenced U.S. Application Serial No. 13/199,108, the placement of the fence member 1990 on the Fresnel lens 1957 and associated PIR motion sensor 334 will be 160350. Doc 201245653
隱蔽及保遵此等PIR感測元件，而護拇部件1990中之水平 狹槽允許PIR運動感測硬體（儘管被隱蔽）偵測在房間或區 域中居住者之橫向運動。溫度感測器330使用一對熱感測 器以較準確地量測周圍溫度。與溫度感測器33〇相關聯之 第一或上部熱感測器330a傾向於搜集較接近於在恆溫器之 外部之外部或其上之區域的溫度資料，而第二或下部熱感 測器330b傾向於收集與外殼之内部較緊密地相關聯的溫度 資料。在一實施中，溫度感測器33〇&及33〇b中每一者包含 一 Texas lnstruments TMP112數位溫度感測器晶片，而piR 運動感測器334包含PerkinElmer DigiPyro PYD 1998雙元件 尚溫偵測器（dual element pyrodetector)。 為了較準確地判定周圍溫度，鑒於藉由上部熱感測器 330a量測之溫度且當判定有效周圍溫度時，考慮自下部熱 感測器330b所取得之溫度。此組態可有利地用以補償藉由 恆溫器中之微處理器及/或其他電子組件產生於恆溫器中 之内熱的效應，藉此預防或最小化原本可能會遭受之溫度 量測錯誤。在一些實施中，可藉由將溫度感測器33〇之上 部熱感測器330a熱耦合至護柵部件199〇來進一步增強周圍 溫度量測之準確性，此係因為上部熱感測器33〇&相比於下 部熱感測器334b較好地反映周圍溫度。美國專利4741476 2揭不關於使用一對熱感測器以判定有效周圍溫度之細 節’該專利以引用的方式併入本文中。 圖24說明頭部單元電路板194〇的正對圖，頭部單元電路 板1940包含頭部單元微處理器24〇2(諸如， 160350.doc -42· 201245653The PIR sensing elements are concealed and secured, and the horizontal slots in the thumb member 1990 allow the PIR motion sensing hardware (although concealed) to detect lateral motion of occupants in a room or area. The temperature sensor 330 uses a pair of thermal sensors to more accurately measure the ambient temperature. The first or upper thermal sensor 330a associated with the temperature sensor 33A tends to collect temperature data that is closer to the area outside or above the thermostat, while the second or lower thermal sensor 330b tends to collect temperature data that is more closely associated with the interior of the outer casing. In one implementation, each of the temperature sensors 33A & and 33〇b includes a Texas Instruments TMP112 digital temperature sensor wafer, and the piR motion sensor 334 includes a PerkinElmer DigiPyro PYD 1998 dual component temperature detector. Dual element pyrodetector. In order to determine the ambient temperature more accurately, the temperature taken from the lower thermal sensor 330b is considered in view of the temperature measured by the upper thermal sensor 330a and when the effective ambient temperature is determined. This configuration can advantageously be used to compensate for the effects of heat generated in the thermostat by the microprocessor and/or other electronic components in the thermostat, thereby preventing or minimizing temperature measurement errors that may otherwise be experienced. . In some implementations, the accuracy of the ambient temperature measurement can be further enhanced by thermally coupling the temperature sensor 33A upper thermal sensor 330a to the grill member 199, because the upper thermal sensor 33 〇& better reflects ambient temperature than lower thermal sensor 334b. U.S. Patent No. 4,741,476, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety in its entirety in the the the the the the the the the Figure 24 illustrates a front view of the head unit circuit board 194A, the head unit circuit board 1940 including the head unit microprocessor 24〇2 (such as 160350.doc -42· 201245653
Instruments AM3703晶片）及關聯振蘯器2404，連同DDR SDRAM記憶體2406，及大容量NAND儲存器2408。對於 Wi-Fi能力，在RF屏蔽2434之分離隔室中提供Wi-Fi模組 2410，諸如，Murata Wireless Solutions LBWA19XSLZ模 組，其係基於支援802.11 b/g/n WLAN標準之Texas Instruments WL12 70晶片組。對於Wi-Fi模組2410，提供包 括振盪器2414之支援電路2412。對於ZigBee能力，亦在分 離屏蔽之RF隔室中提供ZigBee模組2416，其可為（例如）來 自 Texas Instruments 之 C2530F256模組。對於ZigBee模組 2416，提供包括振盪器2419及低雜訊放大器2420之支援電 路2418。亦提供顯示器背光電壓轉換電路2422、壓電驅動 電路2424，及電力管理電路2426(局域電力軌，等等）。在 藉由撓曲電路連接器2430而附接至頭部單元電路板之背部 的撓曲電路2428上提供近接度及周圍光感測器 (PROX/ALS)，更特定而言，具有I2C介面之Silicon Labs SI1142近接度/周圍光感測器《亦提供電池充電監督拆接電 路2432，及彈簧/RF天線2436。亦提供溫度感測器2438(在 +z方向上垂直於電路板而上升，在距電路板之不同距離處 含有兩個分離溫度感測元件）及PIR運動感測器2440。值得 注意地，即使PROX/ALS及溫度感測器2438以及PIR運動感 測器2440實體地定位於頭部單元電路板1940上，但所有此 等感測器皆係藉由背板電路板上之低電力背板微控制器輪 詢及控制，該等感測器電連接至該背板電路板。 圖25說明背板電路板2020的後視圖，背板電路板2020包 160350.doc • 43· 201245653 含背板處理器/微控制器2502，諸如，包括機上記憶體 2503之Texas Instruments MSP430F系統單晶片微控制器。 背板電路板2020進一步包含電力供應電路2504(其包括電 力竊用電路）’及用於每一 HVAC各別HVAC功能之開關電 路2506。對於每一此類功能’開關電路2506包括隔離變壓 器2508及背對背NFET封包25 10。切換電路中FET之使用會 允許「主動式電力竊用」，亦即，在HVAC「接通」循環期 間藉由短暫地將電力自HVAC繼電器電路轉向至儲集電容 器歷時極小時間間隔（諸如，1 〇〇微秒）而取得電力。此時間 足夠小以不會使HVAC繼電器跳脫為「關斷」狀態，但足 以對儲集電容器充電。FET之使用會允許此快速切換時間 (1 00微秒），此情形將難以使用繼電器（其繼續停留歷時幾 十毫秒）來達成。又，此等繼電器將易於使進行此種快速 切換降級，且其亦將產生可聽到之雜訊❶與此對比，FET 在基本上無可聽到之雜訊的情況下操作。亦提供組合溫度/ 濕度感測器模組25 12 ’諸如，Sensirion SHT21模組。背板 微控制器2502執行各種感測器之輪詢、在安裝時用於機械 導線插入之感測、更改關於電流相對於設定點溫度條件之 頭部單元，及相應地致動開關，以及其他功能（諸如，在 安裝時於所插入導線上尋找適當信號）。 根據上述共同讓渡之美國申請案第13/269,501號、上述 共同讓渡之美國申請案第13/275,3〇7號及共同讓渡之併入 申請案中之其他者的教示，恆溫器18〇〇表示先進的多感測 微處理器控制式智慧型或「學習型」‘匣溫器，該恆溫器提 160350.doc •44 201245653 供處理能力、直觀且視覺上合意之制者介面、網路連接 $及能量節省能力（包括目前所描述之自動離開/自動到達 ，算法）的豐富組合，@同時無需來自hvac系統之所謂 「c導線」或來自家用壁式插座之線路功率（即使此等先進 功能性可需要比「電力竊用」選項（亦即，自一或多個 HVAC呼叫繼電器提取較小量之電力）可安全地提供之瞬時 電力汲取更大的瞬時電力汲取”藉由實例，頭部單元微 處理器2402可在喚醒及處理時汲取大約25〇 mW，lcd模 組1960可在作用中時汲取大約250 mW。此外，Wi_Fi模組 2410可在作用中時汲取25〇 mW，且需要在一致基礎上（諸 如，在常見情境中以一致之2〇/〇工作循環）處於作用中。然 而，為了避免錯誤地跳脫用於大數目個商業上使用之 HVAC系統之HVAC繼電器，電力竊用電路常常限於大約 100 mW至200 mW之電力提供能力，此情形將不足以供應 用於許多常見情境之所需電力。 恆溫器1800至少依靠可再充電電池1944(或等效地具備 機上電力儲存媒體之能力）之使用來解決此等問題，可再 充電電池1944將在硬體電力使用小於電力竊用可安全提供 之硬體電力使用的時間間隔期間再充電，且將在硬體電力 使用大於電力竊用可安全提供之硬體電力使用的時間間隔 期間放電以提供所需額外電力。為了以促進可再充電電池 之減少電力使用及延長使用壽命的電池意識方式而操作， 怪溫器1800具備如下兩者：⑴能夠快速地執行較複雜功能 (諸如’驅動視覺上合意使用者介面顯示器，及執行各種 160350.doc -45- 201245653 機械學習型計算）的相對強大且相對強電力之第一處理器 (諸如，Texas Instruments AM37〇3微處理器），及⑻用於 執行較不強任務（包括驅動及控制居住率感測器）的相對較 不強大且較不強電力之第二處理器（諸如’Instruments AM3703 wafer) and associated oscillator 2404, along with DDR SDRAM memory 2406, and bulk NAND memory 2408. For Wi-Fi capabilities, a Wi-Fi module 2410 is provided in a separate compartment of the RF shield 2434, such as the Murata Wireless Solutions LBWA19XSLZ module, which is based on the Texas Instruments WL12 70 chip supporting the 802.11 b/g/n WLAN standard. group. For the Wi-Fi module 2410, a support circuit 2412 including an oscillator 2414 is provided. For ZigBee capabilities, a ZigBee module 2416 is also provided in the separate shielded RF compartment, which can be, for example, a C2530F256 module from Texas Instruments. For the ZigBee module 2416, a support circuit 2418 including an oscillator 2419 and a low noise amplifier 2420 is provided. A display backlight voltage conversion circuit 2422, a piezoelectric drive circuit 2424, and a power management circuit 2426 (local power rail, etc.) are also provided. A proximity and ambient light sensor (PROX/ALS) is provided on the flex circuit 2428 attached to the back of the head unit circuit board by the flex circuit connector 2430, and more particularly, has an I2C interface Silicon Labs SI1142 Proximity/Peripheral Sensors also provides battery charging supervisory disconnect circuit 2432, and spring/RF antenna 2436. A temperature sensor 2438 is also provided (rising perpendicular to the board in the +z direction, containing two separate temperature sensing elements at different distances from the board) and a PIR motion sensor 2440. Notably, even though the PROX/ALS and temperature sensor 2438 and the PIR motion sensor 2440 are physically positioned on the head unit circuit board 1940, all of these sensors are on the backplane circuit board. The low power backplane microcontroller polls and controls the electrical connections to the backplane circuit board. Figure 25 illustrates a rear view of the backplane circuit board 2020, the backplane circuit board 2020 package 160350.doc • 43· 201245653 includes a backplane processor/microcontroller 2502, such as a Texas Instruments MSP430F system single including onboard memory 2503 Wafer microcontroller. Backplane circuit board 2020 further includes power supply circuitry 2504 (which includes power stealing circuitry)' and switching circuitry 2506 for each HVAC respective HVAC function. For each such function' switch circuit 2506 includes an isolation transformer 2508 and a back-to-back NFET package 2510. The use of FETs in the switching circuit allows for "active power stealing", that is, by briefly diverting power from the HVAC relay circuit to the reservoir capacitor during the HVAC "on" cycle for a minimum time interval (such as 1 Get electricity in 〇〇 microseconds). This time is small enough not to trip the HVAC relay to the "off" state, but to charge the reservoir capacitor. The use of FETs allows this fast switching time (100 microseconds), which is difficult to achieve with relays that continue to stay for a few ten milliseconds. Again, such relays will be susceptible to such fast switching degradation, and will also produce audible noise, in contrast to the FET operating with substantially no audible noise. A combined temperature/humidity sensor module 25 12 ' is also provided, such as the Sensirion SHT 21 module. The backplane microcontroller 2502 performs polling of various sensors, sensing for mechanical wire insertion during installation, changing head units with respect to current relative to set point temperature conditions, and correspondingly actuating switches, and others Function (such as finding the appropriate signal on the inserted wire during installation). In accordance with the above-mentioned teachings of the United States, No. 13/269, 501, the above-mentioned co-transfer, US Application No. 13/275, No. 3, and the other parties in the application for the co-transfer, the thermostat 18〇〇 represents an advanced multi-sensing microprocessor-controlled smart or “learning” thermostat that provides 160350.doc •44 201245653 for processing, intuitive and visually pleasing interface, A rich combination of network connectivity and energy saving capabilities (including the automatic departure/auto-arrival algorithm described so far), @ does not require the so-called "c-wire" from the hvac system or the line power from the home wall outlet (even if this Such advanced functionality may require more instantaneous power capture than the "power stealing" option (ie, extracting a smaller amount of power from one or more HVAC call relays) that can be safely provided" by way of example The head unit microprocessor 2402 can draw about 25 〇mW during wake-up and processing, and the lcd module 1960 can draw about 250 mW when it is active. In addition, the Wi_Fi module 2410 can be active. 25〇mW, and needs to be on a consistent basis (such as a consistent 2〇/〇 work cycle in common scenarios). However, to avoid erroneously jumping off for a large number of commercially used HVAC systems HVAC relays, power stealing circuits are often limited to power supply capabilities of approximately 100 mW to 200 mW, which would not be sufficient to supply the power required for many common scenarios. Thermostat 1800 relies at least on rechargeable battery 1944 (or etc.) Reusable battery 1944 will be recharged during the time interval in which the use of hardware power is less than the safe use of hard power provided by power stealing, and the use of the onboard power storage medium to solve such problems, and Discharges during the time interval in which the use of hardware power is greater than the safe use of hard-wired power for power stealing to provide the required additional power. In order to promote battery-reducing ways to reduce power usage and extend service life of rechargeable batteries. Operation, the temperature 1800 has the following two: (1) can perform more complex functions quickly (such as 'drive visually agreeable User interface display, and a relatively powerful and relatively powerful first processor (such as the Texas Instruments AM37〇3 microprocessor) that performs various 160350.doc -45-201245653 mechanical learning calculations, and (8) for execution A relatively less powerful and less powerful second processor (such as 'less' that drives tasks and controls the occupancy rate sensor)
InStruments MSP430微控制器）β為了節約有價值之電力’ 使第一處理器維持於「睡眠」狀態歷時延長之時間週期且 僅在需要其能力之時刻「喚醒」，而使第二處理器或多或 乂連續地繼續（儘營較佳地減緩或停用特定内部時鐘歷時 短暫週期性時間間隔以節約電力）以執行其相對低電力任 務。第一處理器及第二處理器經相互地組態成使得第二處 理器可在特定事件發生時「喚醒」第一處理器，其可被稱 作「唤醒接通（wake_on)」設施。此等喚醒接通設施可作為 待達成之不同功能及/或電力節省目標的部分而開啟及關 閉。舉例而言，可提供「唤醒接通pR〇x」設施，藉由該 »又施第一處理器在依靠主動式近接度感測器（pR〇x，諸 如，藉由具有I2C介面之以…的^心幻丨丨“近接度/周圍光 感測器提供）偵測使用者之手正接近恆溫器刻度盤時將 喚醒」第處理器，使得第一處理器可向接近之使用者 提供視覺顯7F且準備好在❹者之手觸控刻度料較迅速 地作出回應。作為另一實例’可提供「唤醒接通PIR」設 施’藉由該設施’第二處理器將在依靠被動式紅外線運動 感測器（PIR，諸如，藉由PerkinEl繼 DigiPyi·。PYD 1998 雙元件高溫摘測器提供）债測在怪溫器之大體附近之某處 的運動夺矣醒第一處理器。值得注意地，喚醒接通pir不 160350.doc -46· 201245653 與自動到達同義’此係因為將需要所感測之piR活動之關 連續桶來調用自動到達，而僅單一足夠運動事件可觸發喚 醒接通PIR喚醒。 圖26A至圖26C以逐步較大時間標度來說明睡眠-喚醒時 序動力學之概念實例，該睡眠_喚醒時序動力學可在頭部 單元（HU)微處理器與背板（Bp)微控制器之間予以達成，其 在效能、回應性、智慧性與電力使用之間有利地提供優良 平衡《每一者之較高標繪值表示「喚醒」狀態（或等效較 高電力狀態）且每一者之較低標繪值表示「睡眠」狀態（或 等效較低電力狀態卜如所說明，背板微控制器更經常處 於作用中以用於輪詢感測器及相似的相對低電力任務，而 頭部單元微處理器更經常保持睡眠，其針對「重要」時刻 (諸如，使用者介面連接、網路通信及學習型演算法計 算，等等）而被喚醒。用於最佳化睡眠相對於喚醒情境之 多種不同策略可藉由所揭示架構而達成且係在本發明之教 示之範疇内。舉例而言，上述共同讓渡之美國申請案第 13/275,307號描述一種策略，該策略用於節約頭部單元微 處理「喚醒」時間，同時仍經由恆溫器2Wi_Fi設施而 維持與以雲端為基礎之恆溫器管理伺服器的有效且及時之 通信。 圖27說明用於達成頭部單元微處理器24〇2之所描述功能 性的頭部單兀微處理器2402之功能軟體、韌體及/或程式 設計架構的自描述性概覽《圖28說明用於達成背板微控制 器2502之所描述功能性的背板微控制器25〇2之功能軟體、 160350.doc -47- 201245653 韌體及/或程式設計架構的自描述性概覽。 圖29說明如在背板曝露時向使用者所呈現之配線端子的 視圖。如上述共同讓渡之美國申請案第13/〇34 666號中所 描述，每一配線端子經組態成使得偵測導線至每一配線端 子中之插入且使插入對於背板微控制器且最終對於頭部單 元微處理器係顯而易見的。根據一較佳實施例，若偵測特 定導線之插入，則藉由恆溫器自動地進行進一步檢查以確 保存在適於彼特定導線之信號。對於一較佳實施例，在彼 配線節點與恆溫器之「局域接地（1〇cal gr〇und)」之間自動 地量測電壓波形。所量測波形應具有高於預定臨限值之 RMS型電壓量度，且若未達到此預定值，則向使用者指示 配線錯誤條件。可使用來自典型HVAC系統群體之資料按 經驗來判定可取決於局域接地之特定選擇而隨著不同電路 設計而變化的預定臨限值以統計地判定合適臨限值。對於 -些實施例，可自如下兩者產生「局域接地」&「系統接 地」：（i)Rh線路及/或Rc端子，及（ii)G、丫或胃端子中任一 者’電力竊用係自G、MW端子予以執行，此等兩個線路 進入半橋式整流器（FWR)中，該FWR具有局域接地以作為 其輸出中之一者。 雖然已描述實例及實施，但其不應用來限制本發明之任 何態樣。因此，可在不脱離本發明之精神及㈣的情況下 進行各種修改。實際上，雖然定位於護柵部件後方之居住 率感測器在上述一或多項實施例中被特性化為piR感測器 (上述組態針對PIR感測器係特別有利的），但本發明之教 160350.doc -48- 201245653 丁之ι&呼不又到如此限制。此外，應瞭解，雖然護拇部件 在上述一或多項實施例中被特性化為大體上前向（此對於 怪溫器以使其易於達到之高於地板之中等高度而裝配於壁 上的較*見凊境係有用的），但本發明之教示之範疇不受 到如此限制。藉由音，丨 各 , ^ 由貫例，在一些另外實施例中提供包含外 双之〖互概器，外殼包括所關注區帶對向表面（尺⑴對向表 面）’、中Rc>1對應於房屋（或其他圍封體）之相關區域或體 積居住率或居住率有關事件將針對房屋（或其他圍封體） 被感測艮咖器進一步包括安置於外殼内部且用以感測 ROI中之居住率的居住率感測器，居住率感測器具有至少 一接收表面且能夠该測R〇I中居住者之存在及/或移動。怪 溫器進-步包括具有一或多個開口且沿著外殼之R〇i對向 表面而包括並置放於居住率感測器之一或多個接收表面之 上的護栅部護柵部質上隱蔽及保護安置於外殼内 π之居住率感測n ’藉以，肖由護栅部件對居住率感測器 之隱蔽促進怪溫器之視覺上合意品質，但准許居住率感測 器有效地偵測ROI中居住者之存在及/或移動。對向表 面可為用於習知壁裝式部位之前向表面，或可為用於高於 門口之裝配部位的下向表面（包括對角向外之向下角），例 如，使得感測走進及走出房間之人員。居住率感測器可包 括（例如）PIR感測器、主動式傳輸近接度感測器、周圍光 感測器及超音波感測器中之一或多者。在piR感測器及於 門口之上之裝配部位的狀況下，護柵部件中之狹槽形開口 可疋向於垂直於門開口之方向上，使得較最佳地感測朝向 160350.doc -49· 201245653 及離開門之移動。應進一步瞭解，如在上文中及在下文中 所使用，術語「恆溫器」可包括具有至HVAC系統之直接 控制導線之恆溫器，且可進一步包括不直接與HVAC系統 連接但感測在圍封體中之一部位處之周圍溫度且藉由與定 位於圍封體中之別處之分離恆溫器單元之有線或無線資料 連接而合作地通信的值溫器’其中分離恆溫器單元具有至 HVAC糸統之直接控制導線。因此，本發明不限於上述實 施，而是藉由隨附申請專利範圍按照其完全等效物範疇予 以界定。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為說明使用根據本發明之態樣而實施之恆溫器以用 於控制一或多個環境條件之例示性圍封體的圖解； 圖2為使用根據本發明之實施而設計之恆溫器而控制之 HVAC系統的示意圖； 圖3 A至圖3 B說明貼附至根據本發明之實施而設計之怪 溫器之前向表面的護拇部件； 圖4A至圖4B說明使用者之手控制根據本發明之實施而 設計之恆溫器； 圖5A至圖5G說明處於各種拆卸狀態之恆溫器，及根據 本發明而設計之護栅部件相對於與恆溫器相關聯之感測器 及其他組件的位置； 圖6說明來自怪溫器之已部分組裝之頭部單元前部的透 視圖，其展示感測器相對於根據本發明之態樣而設計之護 柵部件的定位； 160350.doc -50- 201245653 圖7 A至圖7 B說明紅外線來源與根據本發明而設計之護 栅部件中之似隙縫開口相互作用； 圖8A至圖8D_根據本發明《態樣的沿著垂直距離而 更改護柵部件之開口以改變PIR運動感測器之敏感性； 圖9為根據本發明之態樣的概括與使感測器能力同恆溫 器及護柵部件整合相關聯之操作的流程圖； 圖10至圖17自本專利說明書被省略； 圖18A至圖18B分別說明根據本發明之態樣的具有使用 者親和介面之視覺上有感染力恆溫器的前視圖及透視圖； 圖18C說明圖18A至圖18B之恆溫器的橫截面圖； 圖19A至圖19B分別說明圖18A至圖18C之恆溫器之頭部 單元及背板的分解前視及後視透視圖； 圖20入至圖208分別說明圖19八至圖198之頭部單元的分 解前視及後視透視圖； 圖21A至圖21B分別說明圖20A至圖20B之頭部單元之前 組裝件的分解前視及後視透視圖； 圖22A至圖22B分別說明圖19A至圖19B之背板的分解前 視及後視透視圖； 圖23說明圖19A至圖19B之頭部單元的分解透視仰視 圖； 圖24說明圖19A至圖19B之頭部單元之頭部單元電路板 的正對圖； 圖25說明圖19A至圖19B之背板之背板電路板的後視 圖； 160350.doc 51 201245653 態樣的在恆溫器之相 之相對低供電背板微 圖26A至圖26C說明根據本發明之 對高供電頭部單元微處理器與恆溫器 控制器之間的睡眠-喚醒時序動力學之概念實例 圖27說明根據本發明之態樣的恆溫器頭部單元微處理器 之功能軟體、韌體及/或程式設計架構的概覽圖； 圖28說明根據本發明之態樣的恆溫器背板微控制器之功 能軟體、韌體及/或程式設計架構的概覽圖；及 圖29說明根據本發明之態樣的恆溫器背板之配線端子的 前視圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 100 圍封體/單家庭住房 110 恆溫器 112 遠端器件 120 加熱通風空調（HVAC)系統 212 控制電子器件 230 外部壓縮機 232 管線 234 冷卻線圈 236 管線 23 8 風扇 240 空氣處置器 242 加熱線圈或元件 244 熱交換器線圈 246 返回空氣管道 160350.doc •52· 201245653 248 控制導線 250 供應空氣暫存器 252 供應空氣管道系統 254 增濕器 270 過慮器 310 頭部單元 312 外環 314 罩蓋 316 中心顯示區域 318 開口 322 螺釘頭 324 護柵部件 326 外部區域 330 被動式紅外線（PIR)運動感測器 330a 第一或上部熱感測器/溫度感測器 330b 第二或下部熱感測器/溫度感測器 331 輻射接收元件 332 間隙 334 溫度感測器 340 背板 342 通風口 344 間隙 346 外殼 402 頭部單元前部 160350.doc -53- 201245653 404 頭部單元框架 502 支柱 504 處理系統 508 顯示驅動器 510 無線通信系統 512 電子器件 514 溫度感測器 516 泡位階器 518 導線連接器 520 連接端子 522 圓形孔 524 狹槽形孔 526 窗口 528 大矩形開口 530 頭部單元前組裝件 532 顯示模組 534 菲淫耳透鏡 536 頭部單元前板 538 頭部單元電路板 540 溫度感測器狹槽 542 導熱材料 702 左紅外線來源 704 右紅外線來源 706 中心紅外線來源 160350.doc -54- 201245653 708 居住者 710 輻射 802 護柵部件 804 垂直跨度 806 開口 808 敏感角 810 恆溫器 812 護柵部件 814 垂直跨度 816 開口 818 敏感角 1800 恒溫器 1808 外部頂蓋 1809 殼層部分 1812 外部可旋轉環 1814 透明罩蓋 1814i 中心部分 1814ο 外部部分 1816 電子顯示器/顯示區域 1820 中心數值 1824 金屬部分 1830 被動式紅外線運動感測器 1860 處理系統 1864 顯示驅動器 -55- 160350.doc 201245653 1866 無線通信系統 1870A 主動式近接度感測器 1870B 周圍光感測器 1876 側壁 1877 外部表面 1878 内部表面 1880 LED指示器 1900 頭部單元/頭部單元前部 1910 頭部單元框架 1920 外環 1930 頭部單元前組裝件 1940 頭部單元電路板 1942 光學手指導覽模組 1944 鋰離子電池 1950 頭部單元前板 1957 菲涅耳透鏡 1960 LCD模組 1980 前透鏡 1990 前護柵 2000 背板 2010 背板後板 2020 背板電路板 2022 HVAC導線連接器 2024 電容器 160350.doc -56- 201245653 2080 背板罩蓋 2402 頭部單元微處理器 2404 振盪器 2406 DDR SDRAM記憶體 2408 NAND儲存器 2410 Wi-Fi模組 2412 支援電路 2414 振盪器 2416 ZigBee模組 2418 支援電路 2419 振盪器 2420 低雜訊放大器 2422 顯示器背光電壓轉換電路 2424 壓電驅動電路 2426 電力管理電路 2428 撓曲電路 2430 撓曲電路連接器 2432 電池充電監督拆接電路 2434 RF屏蔽 2436 彈簧/RF天線 2438 溫度感測器 2440 PIR運動感測器 2502 處理器/微控制器 2503 機上記憶體 160350.doc •57- 201245653 2504 電力供應電路 2506 開關電路 2508 隔離變壓器 2510 背對背NFET封包 2512 組合溫度/濕度感測器模組 -58 - 160350.docInStruments MSP430 Microcontroller) β in order to save valuable power' to keep the first processor in the "sleep" state for a prolonged period of time and only "wake up" at the moment when it is needed, so that the second processor or more Or continue continuously (to better slow down or deactivate a particular internal clock for a short periodic time interval to conserve power) to perform its relatively low power task. The first processor and the second processor are configured to each other such that the second processor can "wake up" the first processor when a particular event occurs, which can be referred to as a "wake_on" facility. These wake-up facilities can be turned on and off as part of the different functions and/or power savings goals to be achieved. For example, a "wake-up pR〇x" facility can be provided, by which the first processor is relied on an active proximity sensor (pR〇x, such as by having an I2C interface... The "heart" illusion "provided by the proximity/surrounding light sensor" detects that the user's hand is approaching the thermostat dial and will wake up the "processor" so that the first processor can provide visual access to the approaching user It is 7F and is ready to respond quickly in the hands of the leader. As another example, a "wake-up PIR" facility can be provided 'by the facility' the second processor will rely on a passive infrared motion sensor (PIR, such as by PerkinEl following DigiPyi. PYD 1998 dual-element high temperature The ticker provides a measure of the debt in the vicinity of the singularity of the singularity of the first processor. Notably, wake-up pir is not 160350.doc -46· 201245653 Synonymous with auto-synchronization' This system calls auto-arrival because it will need the sensed piR activity to close the bucket, and only a single enough motion event can trigger wake-up Wake up with PIR. 26A-26C illustrate a conceptual example of sleep-wake timing dynamics in a stepwise larger time scale that can be micro-controlled in the head unit (HU) microprocessor and backplane (Bp) Between devices, it provides a good balance between performance, responsiveness, intelligence, and power usage. "The higher plot value for each indicates the "wake up" state (or equivalent higher power state) and The lower plot value for each indicates a "sleep" state (or equivalent lower power state) as illustrated, the backplane microcontroller is more often active for polling the sensor and similar relatively low Power tasks, while the head unit microprocessor stays asleep more often, which is awakened for "important" moments (such as user interface connections, network communication and learning algorithm calculations, etc.). A variety of different strategies for activating sleep relative to awakening contexts can be achieved by the disclosed architecture and are within the scope of the teachings of the present invention. For example, the above-mentioned commonly-assigned U.S. Application Serial No. 13/275,307 describes a policy. This strategy is used to save the head unit micro-processing "wake-up" time while still maintaining efficient and timely communication with the cloud-based thermostat management server via the thermostat 2Wi_Fi facility. Figure 27 illustrates the use of the header A self-descriptive overview of the functional software, firmware and/or programming architecture of the functional header unit microprocessor 2402 described by the unit microprocessor 24〇2. Figure 28 illustrates the use of backplane micro-control The functional software of the functional backplane microcontroller 25〇2 described by the device 2502, a self-descriptive overview of the firmware and/or programming architecture of the 160350.doc-47-201245653. Figure 29 illustrates when exposed on the backplane A view of the wiring terminal presented to the user. As described in the above-mentioned commonly assigned U.S. Application Serial No. 13/34,666, each of the wiring terminals is configured to detect a wire to each of the wiring terminals. Insertion and insertion is made apparent to the backplane microcontroller and ultimately to the head unit microprocessor. According to a preferred embodiment, if a particular wire insertion is detected, the thermostat automatically advances A step check is made to ensure that there is a signal suitable for the particular conductor. For a preferred embodiment, the voltage waveform is automatically measured between the wiring node and the "localized ground" of the thermostat. The measured waveform should have an RMS-type voltage measurement above a predetermined threshold, and if the predetermined value is not reached, the wiring error condition is indicated to the user. The information from the typical HVAC system population can be used empirically to determine The predetermined threshold that varies with the particular design of the local grounding to statistically determine the appropriate threshold. For some embodiments, "local grounding" & "systems can be generated from Grounding: (i) Rh line and / or Rc terminal, and (ii) G, 丫 or stomach terminal 'Power stealing is performed from G, MW terminals, these two lines enter the half bridge In a rectifier (FWR), the FWR has local ground as one of its outputs. Although examples and implementations have been described, they should not be used to limit any aspect of the invention. Therefore, various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Indeed, although the occupancy rate sensor positioned behind the grille component is characterized as a piR sensor in one or more of the above embodiments (the above configuration is particularly advantageous for PIR sensor systems), the present invention The teaching of 160350.doc -48- 201245653 Ding Zhi ι & call not to limit. In addition, it will be appreciated that although the thumb member is characterized in a generally forward orientation in one or more of the above embodiments (this is for the weir to make it easier to reach the height above the floor and fit on the wall) * See the usefulness of the environment, but the scope of the teachings of the present invention is not so limited. By means of sound, 丨, ^, by way of example, in some other embodiments, a mutual device comprising an outer pair is provided, the outer casing comprising the opposite surface of the zone of interest (foot (1) opposite surface), medium Rc > The relevant area or volume occupancy rate or occupancy rate event corresponding to the house (or other enclosure) will be directed to the house (or other enclosure). The sensed coffee maker further includes a housing inside the enclosure and is used to sense the ROI In the occupancy rate sensor of the occupancy rate, the occupancy rate sensor has at least one receiving surface and is capable of detecting the presence and/or movement of the occupant in R〇I. The step further includes a fence portion having one or more openings and along the R〇i facing surface of the housing and juxtaposed on one or more receiving surfaces of the occupancy sensor Qualitative concealment and protection placed in the outer casing π residential rate sensing n 'By the way, the hidden component of the barrier component to the occupancy rate sensor to promote the visually desirable quality of the stranger, but the occupancy rate sensor is valid The presence and/or movement of occupants in the ROI is detected. The facing surface may be a forward facing surface for a conventional wall mounted portion, or may be a downward facing surface (including a diagonally outward downward angle) for a mounting portion above the doorway, for example, such that the sensing walks in And the people who walked out of the room. The occupancy rate sensor can include, for example, one or more of a PIR sensor, an active transmission proximity sensor, a ambient light sensor, and an ultrasonic sensor. In the condition of the piR sensor and the mounting portion above the doorway, the slot-shaped opening in the grill member can be oriented perpendicular to the door opening, so that the orientation is more optimally sensed 160350.doc - 49· 201245653 and the movement to leave the door. It should be further appreciated that, as used above and in the following, the term "thermostat" can include a thermostat having a direct control wire to the HVAC system, and can further include not directly coupled to the HVAC system but sensed in the enclosure. a temperature controller that cooperatively communicates with an ambient temperature at one of the locations and with a wired or wireless data connection to a separate thermostat unit located elsewhere in the enclosure [where the separation thermostat unit has a HVAC system Direct control of the wire. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but is defined by the scope of the appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary enclosure using a thermostat implemented in accordance with aspects of the present invention for controlling one or more environmental conditions; FIG. 2 is an illustration of the use of the present invention. A schematic diagram of a HVAC system controlled by a thermostat designed; FIG. 3A to FIG. 3B illustrate a thumb member attached to a front surface of a stranger designed in accordance with an implementation of the present invention; FIG. 4A to FIG. The hand controls a thermostat designed in accordance with the practice of the present invention; Figures 5A-5G illustrate a thermostat in various disassembled states, and a grate component designed in accordance with the present invention relative to a sensor associated with the thermostat And the location of other components; Figure 6 illustrates a perspective view of the front portion of the partially assembled head unit from the geek, showing the positioning of the sensor relative to the fence member designed in accordance with aspects of the present invention; 160350 .doc -50- 201245653 Figures 7A through 7B illustrate the interaction of the infrared source with the slotted opening in the grille component designed in accordance with the present invention; Figures 8A-8D_in accordance with the present invention distance Changing the opening of the grill member to change the sensitivity of the PIR motion sensor; Figure 9 is a flow diagram summarizing the operation associated with integrating the sensor capability with the thermostat and the fence components in accordance with aspects of the present invention; 10 to 17 are omitted from this patent specification; FIGS. 18A to 18B are respectively a front view and a perspective view of a visually appealing thermostat having a user affinity interface according to aspects of the present invention; FIG. 18C illustrates 18A to 18B are cross-sectional views of the thermostat of the thermostat of Figs. 18A to 18C; Fig. 19A to Fig. 19B are respectively an exploded front and rear perspective view of the head unit and the back plate of the thermostat of Figs. 18A to 18C; 208 respectively illustrate an exploded front and rear perspective view of the head unit of FIGS. 19-8 to 198; FIGS. 21A-21B illustrate exploded front and rear perspective views of the assembly of the head unit of FIGS. 20A-20B, respectively. Figure 22A to Figure 22B are exploded front and rear perspective views, respectively, of the back panel of Figures 19A to 19B; Figure 23 is an exploded perspective bottom view of the head unit of Figures 19A to 19B; Figure 24 illustrates Figure 19A Head unit circuit to the head unit of Fig. 19B Figure 25 illustrates a rear view of the backplane circuit board of the backplane of Figures 19A-19B; 160350.doc 51 201245653 Aspect of the relatively low power supply backplane micrographs 26A-26C in the thermostat phase Example of a sleep-wake timing dynamics between a high power head unit microprocessor and a thermostat controller in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 27 illustrates a thermostat head unit microprocessor in accordance with aspects of the present invention. An overview of functional software, firmware, and/or programming architecture; FIG. 28 illustrates an overview of functional software, firmware, and/or programming architecture of a thermostat backplane microcontroller in accordance with an aspect of the present invention; 29 is a front view showing a wiring terminal of a thermostat backboard according to aspects of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 100 Enclosed/single family home 110 Thermostat 112 Remote device 120 Heating and ventilation air conditioning (HVAC) system 212 Control electronics 230 External compressor 232 Line 234 Cooling coil 236 Line 23 8 Fan 240 Air disposal 242 Heating coil or element 244 Heat exchanger coil 246 Return air duct 160350.doc • 52· 201245653 248 Control line 250 Supply air register 252 Supply air duct system 254 Humidifier 270 Filter 310 Head unit 312 Outer ring 314 Cover 316 Center Display Area 318 Opening 322 Screw Head 324 Grilling Member 326 External Area 330 Passive Infrared (PIR) Motion Senser 330a First or Upper Thermal Sense/Temperature Sensor 330b Second or Lower Thermal Sense Detector/Temperature Sensor 331 Radiation Receiving Element 332 Gap 334 Temperature Sensor 340 Back Plate 342 Vent 344 Gap 346 Housing 402 Head Unit Front 160350.doc -53- 201245653 404 Head Unit Frame 502 Post 504 Processing System 508 Display Driver 510 Wireless Communication System 512 Electronics 5 14 Temperature sensor 516 Bubble level 518 Wire connector 520 Connection terminal 522 Circular hole 524 Slotted hole 526 Window 528 Large rectangular opening 530 Head unit Front assembly 532 Display module 534 Philippine lens 536 Head Unit front plate 538 Head unit circuit board 540 Temperature sensor slot 542 Thermally conductive material 702 Left infrared source 704 Right infrared source 706 Center Infrared source 160350.doc -54- 201245653 708 Resident 710 Radiation 802 Fence part 804 Vertical span 806 Opening 808 Sensing angle 810 Thermostat 812 Grilling member 814 Vertical span 816 Opening 818 Sensitive angle 1800 Thermostat 1808 External top cover 1809 Shell portion 1812 External rotatable ring 1814 Transparent cover 1814i Center portion 1814ο External portion 1816 Electronic display / Display area 1820 Center value 1824 Metal part 1830 Passive infrared motion sensor 1860 Processing system 1864 Display driver -55- 160350.doc 201245653 1866 Wireless communication system 1870A Active proximity sensor 1870B Peripheral light sensor 1876 Side wall 1877 Surface 1878 Internal Surface 1880 LED Indicator 1900 Head Unit / Head Unit Front 1910 Head Unit Frame 1920 Outer Ring 1930 Head Unit Front Assembly 1940 Head Unit Board 1942 Optical Hand Guide Module 1944 Lithium Ion Battery 1950 Head unit front panel 1957 Fresnel lens 1960 LCD module 1980 Front lens 1990 Front grill 2000 Back panel 2010 Back panel Rear panel 2020 Backplane circuit board 2022 HVAC wire connector 2024 Capacitor 160350.doc -56- 201245653 2080 backplane cover 2402 head unit microprocessor 2404 oscillator 2406 DDR SDRAM memory 2408 NAND memory 2410 Wi-Fi module 2412 support circuit 2414 oscillator 2416 ZigBee module 2418 support circuit 2419 oscillator 2420 low noise Amplifier 2422 Display backlight voltage conversion circuit 2424 Piezoelectric drive circuit 2426 Power management circuit 2428 Flex circuit 2430 Flex circuit connector 2432 Battery charge supervision disconnect circuit 2434 RF shield 2436 Spring / RF antenna 2438 Temperature sensor 2440 PIR motion sense Detector 2502 processor / microcontroller 2503 on board Body 160350.doc • 57- 201245653 2504 2506 switching power supply circuit isolating transformer circuit 2508 2510 2512 back to back packets NFET combination of temperature / humidity sensor module -58 - 160350.doc