201244232 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明疋有關於一種適用於各種液流電池的電極材料 結構體及由其所製成的電池裝置，特別是指一種適用於全 釩氧化還原液流電池的電極材料結構體及由其所製成的液 流電池裝置。 【先前技術】 電化學液流電池（electrochemical fl〇w celi),亦稱為氧 化還原液流電池（redox flow battery)是一種電化學儲能裝置 其中正、負極都使用纽鹽溶液者亦稱為全飢氧化還原 液流電池（vanadium redox flow battery，亦稱為 vrb 電池） ’由於全鈒氧化還原&流電；也具有充放電性能優#、循環 使用壽命長及成本低等特性’且其製造、使用與廢棄過程 均不產生有害物質，而成為理想的綠色環保儲能裝置。 侧電池是將具有不同價態的鈒離子電解液分別作為 正極與負極的活性物質，分職存在各自的電解液儲液罐 中，在對電池進行充、放電時，透過果浦的作用，使電解 液由外部的儲液罐分別迴圈流經電池的正極室和負極室， 並在電極表面發生氧化和還原反應，達到對電池充放電的 效果。由於VRB電池中的電解質在流經細密的多孔性電極 材料時，A阻尚，系浦要消耗極大的能量才能將電解質推 進電極内，整個儲電系統的儲電效率_浦耗電較多而 ill為了改善電池的儲能效率，目前已有針對電極材料 結構體所進行的改良設計。如美國料所揭 201244232 露的還原氧化液流電池’主要是在電解液進出口之結構部 分，藉由形成多個進出口以供電解液流進與流出，此種設 計之目的是使電解液能均勻地流過多孔電極。美國專利us 5,648，184則是在多孔電極内部加工形成多數個貫通的中空 管道以降低壓降及減少電解液在電極内的流阻，但由於該 等管道為貫穿型式’導致電解質與電極接觸的機會變少了 而影響到反應效率。另外，美國專利us 7,682,728則是採 用在電極材料結構體外部形成流道的設計，美國專利us 7,687，193亦提出類似的流道設計，並欲藉由此種設計降低 壓降與流阻，進而改善儲能效率。 综上所述，雖然目前已有數種針對VRB電池的電極材 料結構體提出的改良設計，但為了提供具有更高效能、高 品質且能符合實用需㈣VRB電池，進而製出更為完善: 蓄電儲能襞置以改善能源利用效率，目前仍有持續開發其 他設計型式的電極材料結構體的需求。 【發明内容】 因此，本發明目的，是在提供一種既可降低流阻與壓 降，又能迫使電解液流經電極材料結構體内部以增加電解 液與多孔性電極材料的接觸機率進而提高反應效率的電極 材料結構體。 於是，本發明第一種設計型式的電極材料結構體，包 含一個基材、相間隔地形成在該基材的一個進口單元及— 個出口單元。 該基材為多孔性的導電材料所製成，包括反向設置的 201244232 一進口側及一出口側。 °玄進口單元是形成於該基材，包括多數個相間隔地自 該基材的進口側向該出口側延伸且終止於一封閉的盲端的 進口流道。 該出口單元是形成於該基材並與該進口單元反向設置 ’包括多數個與該進口單元的進口流道相錯開，並相間隔 地自該基材的出口側向該進口侧延伸且終止於一封閉的盲 端的出口流道。 本發明電極材料結構體的有益效果在於：藉由在該基 材設置該等進口流道與該等出口流道，且使該等流道的末 端呈未貫穿電極的盲孔的設計，使電解液較容易流到該基 材深處，且仍能自該等進口流道末端的盲端通過該基材流 至J該等出口肌道，因此，該結構體的流道設計有助於降低 流阻與壓降而能減少用於推動電解液流動的動力，當進一 步製成電池時即能提升整個電池系統的儲能效率，藉由該 等進口流道、出口流道類似指插型的盲孔式流道設計，還 能増加電解液與該基材的接觸機會而提高反應效率，因此 ，本發明具有能應用於液流電池以改善其電池效能的特性 與應用潛力。 此外，本發明還提供第二種設計型式的電極材料結構 體，該電極材料結構體包含一基材，及一形成在該基材的 流道單元。 該基材為多孔性的導電材料所製成，包括反向設置的 一進口側及一出口側。 201244232 s道單元包括多數個相間隔地形成於該基材的封閉 流道’每一封閉流道各具有-朝向該進口側且封閉的第一 盲端、-朝向該出口側且封閉的第二盲端，及一連接在該 第一盲端與該第二盲端之間的流道部。 ，本發明電極材料結構體的有益效果在於：藉由在該基 材形成該机道單％的設計，同樣有助於降低電解液流經該 電極材料結構體的流阻與壓降以減少用於推動電解液流動 的動力’進而使該結構體應用於電池上時能達到提升 效率的效果，且仍然能夠藉由該等具有第―、第二盲端的 封閉流道的配置增加電解液與該基材的接觸機會而維持高 ^效率n該電極材料結構體同樣具有能應用於液 抓電池且具有&善電池效㊣的特性與應用潛力。 更進一步地，本發明還提供一種結合前述二種設計型 式的電極材料結構體進一步製出的液流電池裝置。該液流 電池裝置包含一個電化學反應單元、相間隔設置且分別與 該電化學反應單元相連通的一第一儲液單元及—第二儲液 單元。 該電化學反應單元包括至少一組單電池組合體，及一 個包圍該單電池組合體設置的外殼，每一組單電池組合體 各具有二個成對相間隔且如申請專利範圍第丨項或第a項 所述的電極材料結構體，及一個阻隔在該二電極材料結構 體之間的隔膜，該外殼具有一個對應每一組單電池組合體 其中一側的電極材料結構體的基材的進口側設置的第—進 口、一個對應同一基材的出口側設置的第一出口、—個對 201244232 應母—組单電池組合體ήίι AL , 材的進口側設置的第二進口二的電極材料結構體的基 側設置的第二出口。 ’及-個對應同-基材的出口 該第一儲液單元包括一個第一储液罐 電化學反應單元的外殼的第一進：接在該 第一輸入管路、一個、查接+ 第—儲液罐之間的 個連接在該電化學反應單元 一出口與該第一儲液罐之間的第一輸出管路，及一：：第 在該第一輸入管路的第一泵浦元件。 °又置 該第二儲液單元包括—個第_ 電化學反應單元的外变㈣個連接在該 第二輸入管路、—個連接罐之間的 個連接在該電化學反應單元的外 二出口與該第二儲液罐之間的第二輸出管路，及—個設置 在該第二輸入管路的第二泵浦元件。201244232 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an electrode material structure suitable for various flow batteries and a battery device made thereof, and particularly to a method suitable for total vanadium oxidation An electrode material structure of a raw liquid battery and a flow battery device made of the same. [Prior Art] Electrochemical flow battery (electrochemical flow battery), also known as redox flow battery (redox flow battery) is an electrochemical energy storage device in which both the positive and negative electrodes are used as a new salt solution. Vanadium redox flow battery (also known as vrb battery) 'because of full enthalpy redox &transpiration; also has excellent charge and discharge performance #, long cycle life and low cost' and its The manufacturing, use and disposal processes do not produce harmful substances, and become an ideal green energy storage device. The side battery is an active material for the positive electrode and the negative electrode, respectively, which have different valence states, and are respectively stored in respective electrolyte liquid storage tanks. When charging and discharging the battery, the effect is transmitted through the fruit. The electrolyte flows from the external liquid storage tank to the positive electrode chamber and the negative electrode chamber of the battery, and oxidation and reduction reactions occur on the surface of the electrode to achieve the effect of charging and discharging the battery. Since the electrolyte in the VRB battery flows through the fine porous electrode material, the A resistance is still required, and the electrolyte needs to consume a great amount of energy to push the electrolyte into the electrode. The storage efficiency of the entire storage system is more than that of the power storage system. In order to improve the energy storage efficiency of the battery, an improved design for the electrode material structure has been made. As shown in the U.S. material, 201244232, the reduced oxidizing liquid flow battery is mainly used in the structural part of the electrolyte inlet and outlet. By forming a plurality of inlet and outlet for the electrolyte to flow in and out, the purpose of this design is to make the electrolyte It can flow evenly through the porous electrode. U.S. Patent 5,648,184 processes a plurality of through hollow tubes inside a porous electrode to reduce the pressure drop and reduce the flow resistance of the electrolyte in the electrode, but since the tubes are in a through-type, the electrolyte is in contact with the electrodes. Opportunities are reduced and the efficiency of the reaction is affected. In addition, the US patent us 7,682,728 adopts a design for forming a flow path outside the electrode material structure. U.S. Patent 7, 7,687,193 also proposes a similar flow path design, and is intended to reduce the pressure drop and flow resistance by such a design. Improve energy storage efficiency. In summary, although there are several improved designs for the electrode material structure of the VRB battery, in order to provide higher efficiency, high quality and meet the practical needs (4) VRB battery, and then more perfect: Can be installed to improve energy efficiency, there is still a need to continue to develop other design types of electrode material structures. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for reducing flow resistance and pressure drop while forcing an electrolyte to flow through an interior of an electrode material structure to increase the contact probability of the electrolyte with the porous electrode material and thereby increase the reaction. An efficient electrode material structure. Thus, the electrode material structure of the first design of the present invention comprises a substrate, an inlet unit and an outlet unit which are formed at intervals in the substrate. The substrate is made of a porous electrically conductive material, including a reversely disposed 201244232 inlet side and an outlet side. The sinuous inlet unit is formed on the substrate and includes a plurality of inlet flow passages extending from the inlet side of the substrate to the outlet side and terminating at a closed blind end. The outlet unit is formed on the substrate and disposed opposite to the inlet unit, including a plurality of inlet flow passages offset from the inlet unit, and spaced from the outlet side of the substrate to the inlet side and terminates at intervals At the exit of a closed blind end of the flow path. The beneficial effect of the electrode material structure of the present invention is that electrolysis is provided by providing the inlet flow channels and the outlet flow channels on the substrate, and designing the ends of the flow channels as blind holes that do not penetrate the electrodes. The liquid flows to the depth of the substrate relatively easily, and can still flow from the blind end of the end of the inlet flow passage through the substrate to the outlet muscle channels of J. Therefore, the flow channel design of the structure helps to reduce Flow resistance and pressure drop can reduce the power used to push the electrolyte flow, and when further made into a battery, the energy storage efficiency of the entire battery system can be improved, and the inlet flow path and the outlet flow path are similar to the insert type. The blind hole flow channel design can also increase the reaction efficiency by increasing the contact chance of the electrolyte with the substrate. Therefore, the present invention has the characteristics and application potential that can be applied to the flow battery to improve the battery performance. Further, the present invention provides an electrode material structure of a second design type, the electrode material structure comprising a substrate, and a flow path unit formed on the substrate. The substrate is made of a porous electrically conductive material, including an inlet side and an outlet side disposed oppositely. The 201244232 s-channel unit includes a plurality of closed flow passages formed at intervals in the substrate. Each closed flow passage has a first blind end that faces toward the inlet side and is closed, and a second closed one toward the outlet side. a blind end, and a flow path portion connected between the first blind end and the second blind end. The beneficial effect of the electrode material structure of the present invention is that by forming the single-pass design of the substrate on the substrate, the flow resistance and pressure drop of the electrolyte flowing through the electrode material structure are also reduced to reduce the use. The effect of promoting the flow of the electrolyte to further improve the efficiency when the structure is applied to the battery, and the electrolyte can be added by the configuration of the closed flow paths having the first and second blind ends. The contact opportunity of the substrate maintains high efficiency. The electrode material structure also has the characteristics and application potential that can be applied to a liquid grasping battery and has a good battery efficiency. Furthermore, the present invention also provides a flow battery device further fabricated in combination with the electrode material structures of the foregoing two design types. The flow battery device comprises an electrochemical reaction unit, a first liquid storage unit and a second liquid storage unit which are spaced apart from each other and are in communication with the electrochemical reaction unit. The electrochemical reaction unit comprises at least one set of single cell assemblies, and a housing surrounding the unit assembly, each set of unit cells having two pairs of spaced apart intervals and as claimed in the claims or The electrode material structure according to item a, and a separator which is interposed between the two electrode material structures, the outer casing having a substrate corresponding to one side of the electrode material structure of each of the unit cell assemblies The first inlet disposed on the inlet side, the first outlet disposed on the outlet side corresponding to the same substrate, the pair of 201244232, the mother-group unit battery assembly ήίι AL, the second inlet electrode material disposed on the inlet side of the material A second outlet disposed on the base side of the structure. 'and-corresponding to the same - the outlet of the substrate. The first liquid storage unit comprises a first inlet of the outer casing of the first liquid storage tank electrochemical reaction unit: connected to the first input line, one, check and the first a first output line between the liquid storage tank at an outlet of the electrochemical reaction unit and the first liquid storage tank, and a first pump that is first in the first input line element. ° The second liquid storage unit further includes an external reaction of the first electrochemical reaction unit (four) connected to the second input pipeline, and a connection between the connection tanks is outside the electrochemical reaction unit. a second output line between the outlet and the second reservoir, and a second pumping element disposed in the second input line.
本發明液流電池裝詈的A 料結構體的流道單元的”门於：利用該電極材 D汁冋樣有助於降低電解液流經 該電極材料結構體的流阻與壓降以減少用於推動電解液流 動的動力’且仍能藉此增加電解液與該基材的接觸機會而 維持高反應效率，藉此，使該第…第二㈣單元的第__ 、第- m件只要輸出較小的動力就能將储存在該第一 、第二儲液罐中的電解液分別送人該外殼内與該單電池組 合體的電極材料結構體產生電化學反應，由於該第一、第 二泵浦元件耗能減少’且電解液的反應效率佳，使該液流 電池裝置具有較佳的儲能效率與使用效能。 【實施方式】 201244232 有關本發明之前述及其他技術内容、特點與功效，在 以下配合參考圖式之數個較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可 清楚的呈現。 在本發明被詳細描述之前，要注意的是，以下的說明 内容中’類似的元件是以相同的編號表示。 參閱圖1與圖2 ’本發明電極材料結構體2的第一較佳 實施例包含一個基材21、相間隔地形成在該基材μ的一個 進口單元22及一個出口單元23。 該基材21為多孔性的導電材料所製成，包括反向設置 的一進口側211、一出口側212，及一位於該進口側211與 δ亥出口側212之間的結構主體213，且該結構主體213具有 反向的一第一表面214及一第二表面215。較佳地，該基材 21是由多孔性碳材所製成，且較佳是由一選自下列群組中 的多孔性碳材所製成：碳紙、碳布及碳氈。由於多孔性碳 材具有極向的表面積、導電性佳，又有良好的化學穩定性 與熱穩定性’故為極佳的電極材料。 該進口單元22包括多數個相間隔地自該基材21的進 口側211向該出口側212延伸且終止於一封閉的盲端222的 進口流道221。在本實施例中，該等進口流道221為相間隔 地自該結構主冑213㈣—表面214向内延伸至切穿該第 二表面215的穿槽型式。 «亥出口單元23包括多數個與該進口單元η的進口流 道⑵相錯開’並相間隔地自該基材21的出口側212通過 該基材2!内部向該進口側211延伸且終止於一封閉的盲端 201244232 232的出口流道23丨。在本實施例中，該等出口流道亦 為相間隔地自該結構主體213㈣一表自214肖内延伸至 切穿該第二表面215的穿槽型式。 在本實施例中，可以利用現有的沖壓切割製程的一次 成型方式或是電腦辅助雷射切割製程自動切割出所需的進 口早％ 22、出口單元23的流道型式，由於流道的加工製程 為現有技術且非本發明重點，在此將不再詳述。 其中’該等進口流道221、出口流道231的型式不應受 Ff除了可以°又6十成切穿該第一表面214、第二表面215的 穿槽型式外’也可以如圖3所示，使該等進口流道相 間隔地自該結構主體213的第一表φ 2i4 &第二表面215 向内延伸’但未延伸至切穿該第二表面215或第一表面214 的刻槽型式，且該等出口流冑231同樣也可以是相間隔地 自該結構主體213的第一表面214或第二表面215向内延 伸，但未延伸至切穿該第二表面215 $第—表面214的刻 槽型：：此外’還可以如圖4所示，使該進口單元Η、該 出口單7G 23分別成於該基材21的内部，以使該等進口流 道22卜該等出口流道231皆呈中空管腔型式。值得說明的 是’形成在同-基材21上的該等進σ流道221與該等出口 流道叫Τ以選擇前述三種流道型式的至少其中之一任意 搭配組合’例如’可以將部分進口流道221與部分出口流 道231料成穿槽型式，部分進口流S 221與部分出口流 道231設計成刻槽型式，部分進口流it 221與部分出口流 道m設計成中空管腔型式，同樣能藉由該等進口流道⑵ 201244232 、出口 道23 1的一端為盲端222、232的指插型設計，達 到引導電解液深入該電極材料結構體2内部以減少壓降與 流阻，及使該電解液與該電極材料結構體2保有較大的接 觸機率以維持高反應效率的效果。 參閱圖5,為本發明的一第二較佳實施例，其與該第一 較佳貫知例的主要差別在於：該進口單元22的該等進口流 道221，及該出口單元23的該等出口流道231皆是呈樹枝 狀設計。 其中，該等進口流道221各具有一個自該基材21的進 口側211向該出口側212延伸的主管道223，及多數個相間 隔地自界定出該主管道223的一内壁面224向外分叉延伸 的分支管道225，且每一進口流道221的主管道223是終止 於該盲端222，而該等分支管道225亦分別終止於—封閉的 子盲端226。此外，該等出σ流道231各具有—個自該基材 21的出口側212向該進口側211延伸的主管道233，及多數 個相間隔地自界定出該主管m 233的一内壁自234向外分 叉延伸的分支管道235，且每一出口流道231的主管道 疋終密於該盲端232 ’而該等分支管道235亦分別終止於一 封閉的子盲端236。藉由如同樹枝狀分歧的流道設計，可進 一步降低電解液進入該電極材料結構體2的流阻，且仍能 使電解液保有與電極材料結㈣充分接觸以獲得高反鹿效 率的特性。該等進口流道221及該等出口流道23ι同㈣ 以如第-較佳實施例所述的穿槽型式、刻槽型式或中空其 腔型式形成在該基材21上。 5 10 201244232 參閱圖6,為本發明的一第三較佳實施例，其與該第一 較佳實施例的主要差別在於：在該基材21形成一流道單元 24，且該流道單元24包括多數個相間隔地形成在該基材η 的封閉流道241 » 每一封閉流道241各具有—朝向該進口側211且封閉的 第一盲端242、一朝向該出口側212且封閉的第二盲端⑷ ，及一連接在該第一盲端242與該第二盲端243之間的流 道4 244。其中’該等封閉流道241同樣可以設計成自該基 材21的結構主體213的第—表面214向内延伸至切穿該第 二表面215的穿槽型式，或自該第一表^ 214與第二表面 215其中之-向内延伸但不切穿的刻槽型式或形成在該基 材21内部的中空管腔型式。 需要補充說明的是，該第三較佳實施例的電極材料結 構體2的β又什，主要是透過間斷排列的該等封閉流道2w 的設置’使其相對於該第一、第二較佳實施例的電極材料 結構體具有增強的機械強度，但此種設計會略為犧牲流阻 ’雖然該第三較佳實施例的電極材料結構It 2流阻略高於 該第一、第二較佳實施例，但相較於現有無流道設置的電 極材料’”。構體’仍然能降低電解液流經該電極材料結構體2 的抓阻與壓降，而能有效減少用於推動電解液循環所需的 動力能量》 進步地，參閱圖7與圖8,為搭配使用前述三個較佳 實施例的其中一種電極材料結構體2進一步製成的液流電 池裝置1。該液流電池裝置1包含一個電化學反應單元ι〇 201244232 、相間隔設置且分別與該電化學反應單& 1G相連通的一第 =儲液單元50及-第二儲液單元6G。在本實_中是以前 述第-個較佳實施例所述的電極材料結構冑2，2該等進口 流'221、出口流道231為切穿之穿槽型式的情形為例說明 ，但該第二或第三較佳實施例中的電極材料結構體 適用於組合形成該液流電池裝置丨，且該等進口流道2d、 231或封_道241的型式可以設計為穿槽型式 、刻槽型式或中空管腔型式’且同樣都能藉由類似指插型 的盲孔式流道設計，降低流阻與廢降而減少用於推動電解 液流動的動力’並增加電解液與該基材21的接觸機會而提 高反應效率，進而達到提升該液流電池裝置ι的儲能效率 及改善其電池效能的使用特性。 該電化學反應單元10包括至少一組單電池組合體2〇， 及-個包圍該單電池組合體2G設置的外殼[在本實施例 中’是以設置三組單電池組合體2G為例進行說明，但不應 以此限制該單電池組合體2G的設置數量，可依實際使用需 求，設置一組、二組或四組以上的單電池組合體2〇。 每一個單電池組合體20各具有二個成對相間隔且如該 第一較佳實施例所述之穿槽型式的電極材料結構體2a、2b ’及一個阻隔在該二電極材料結構體2a、2b之間的隔膜3 ’該外殼4具有—個對應每—組單電池組合體2G其中-側 的電極材料結構體2a的基材21a的進口側2以設置的第一 ，口 4Ua、一個對應同一基材2U的出口側他設置的第 —出口仙、—個對應每-組單電池組合體2的另外一側The door of the flow channel unit of the A-material structure of the flow battery of the present invention is: the use of the D material of the electrode material helps to reduce the flow resistance and pressure drop of the electrolyte flowing through the electrode material structure to reduce The power for propelling the flow of the electrolyte' can still increase the chance of contact of the electrolyte with the substrate to maintain high reaction efficiency, thereby making the __, m-th piece of the second (four) unit As long as the output of the electrolyte is small, the electrolyte stored in the first and second liquid storage tanks can be respectively sent to the outer casing to generate an electrochemical reaction with the electrode material structure of the single battery assembly, because the first The energy consumption of the second pump component is reduced, and the reaction efficiency of the electrolyte is good, so that the flow battery device has better energy storage efficiency and use efficiency. [Embodiment] 201244232 The foregoing and other technical contents of the present invention are The features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a first preferred embodiment of the electrode material structure 2 of the present invention comprises a substrate 21, an inlet unit 22 and an outlet formed at intervals in the substrate μ. Unit 23. The substrate 21 is made of a porous conductive material, including an inlet side 211, an outlet side 212 disposed oppositely, and a structural body between the inlet side 211 and the δ Hai outlet side 212. 213, and the structural body 213 has a first surface 214 and a second surface 215. The substrate 21 is preferably made of a porous carbon material, and is preferably selected from the following Made of porous carbon materials in the group: carbon paper, carbon cloth and carbon felt. Because porous carbon material has extreme surface area, good electrical conductivity, and good chemical stability and thermal stability. Excellent electrode material. The inlet unit 22 includes a plurality of inlet runners 221 extending from the inlet side 211 of the substrate 21 to the outlet side 212 and terminating in a closed blind end 222. In this embodiment Where the inlet runners 221 are spaced apart from the main structure 213 (d) - surface 214 extends inwardly to a through-slot pattern that cuts through the second surface 215. «Hai outlet unit 23 includes a plurality of inlet flow channels (2) offset from the inlet unit η from and spaced apart from the substrate 21 The outlet side 212 extends through the substrate 2! to the inlet side 211 and terminates at an outlet flow channel 23 of a closed blind end 201244232 232. In this embodiment, the outlet channels are also spaced apart. From the structural body 213 (four) a table extending from 214 shaws to the through-slot pattern cut through the second surface 215. In this embodiment, the existing one-shot forming process of the stamping and cutting process or the computer-assisted laser cutting process can be utilized. The desired inlet premature 22 and the flow path pattern of the outlet unit 23 are automatically cut out. Since the processing of the flow passage is prior art and is not the focus of the present invention, it will not be described in detail herein. The type of the inlet flow passage 221 and the outlet flow passage 231 should not be subjected to the Ff except that the Ff can be cut through the first surface 214 and the second surface 215. The inlet runners are spaced apart from the first surface φ 2i4 & the second surface 215 of the structural body 213 inwardly but do not extend to cut through the second surface 215 or the first surface 214 The slot pattern, and the outlet ports 231 may also extend inwardly from the first surface 214 or the second surface 215 of the structure body 213, but not extend to cut through the second surface 215 $ The groove type of the surface 214: In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the inlet unit Η and the outlet sheet 7G 23 are respectively formed inside the substrate 21 so that the inlet channels 22 are The outlet flow passages 231 are all in the form of a hollow lumen. It should be noted that the 'into-sigma channel 221 formed on the same-substrate 21 and the outlet channels are arbitrarily selected to select at least one of the foregoing three types of flow paths, for example, any combination of 'for example' The inlet flow passage 221 and the partial outlet flow passage 231 are formed into a grooved pattern, and part of the inlet flow S 221 and a part of the outlet flow passage 231 are designed to be grooved, and part of the inlet flow 221 and a part of the outlet flow passage m are designed as a hollow cavity type. By means of the finger-insertion design of the blind end 222, 232 at one end of the inlet channel (2) 201244232 and the outlet channel 23 1 , the electrolyte can be guided deep inside the electrode material structure 2 to reduce the pressure drop and flow resistance. And maintaining the electrolyte solution and the electrode material structure 2 with a large contact probability to maintain high reaction efficiency. Referring to FIG. 5, a second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the main difference from the first preferred embodiment is: the inlet flow path 221 of the inlet unit 22, and the outlet unit 23 The outlet channels 231 are all in a dendritic design. The inlet flow channels 221 each have a main pipe 223 extending from the inlet side 211 of the substrate 21 toward the outlet side 212, and a plurality of inner wall surfaces 224 that define the main pipe 223 at intervals The outer branch extends the branch conduit 225, and the main conduit 223 of each inlet runner 221 terminates at the blind end 222, and the branch conduits 225 also terminate at the closed sub-blind end 226, respectively. In addition, the sigmoid flow paths 231 each have a main pipe 233 extending from the outlet side 212 of the substrate 21 toward the inlet side 211, and a plurality of inner walls defining the main pipe m 233 from the plurality of intervals. The branch pipe 235 extends outwardly from the branch 235, and the main pipe of each of the outlet flow paths 231 is finally sealed to the blind end 232' and the branch pipes 235 are also terminated by a closed sub-blind end 236, respectively. By designing the flow path as a dendritic divergence, the flow resistance of the electrolyte into the electrode material structure 2 can be further reduced, and the electrolyte can be kept in sufficient contact with the electrode material junction (4) to obtain high anti-deer efficiency characteristics. The inlet flow paths 221 and the outlet flow paths 23 are formed on the substrate 21 in a through-groove type, a grooved type or a hollow cavity type as described in the first preferred embodiment. 5 10 201244232 Referring to FIG. 6 , a third preferred embodiment of the present invention differs from the first preferred embodiment in that a substrate unit 24 is formed on the substrate 21 , and the flow path unit 24 is formed. A plurality of closed flow passages 241 are formed at intervals in the substrate η. Each closed flow passage 241 has a first blind end 242 that faces the inlet side 211 and is closed, and a closed side toward the outlet side 212. a second blind end (4), and a flow path 4 244 connected between the first blind end 242 and the second blind end 243. Wherein the closed flow passages 241 can also be designed to extend inwardly from the first surface 214 of the structural body 213 of the substrate 21 to a through-slot pattern that cuts through the second surface 215, or from the first surface 214 And a grooved pattern of the second surface 215 which extends inwardly but does not cut through or a hollow lumen type formed inside the substrate 21. It should be noted that the β of the electrode material structure 2 of the third preferred embodiment is mainly through the arrangement of the closed flow channels 2w that are intermittently arranged to make it relative to the first and second comparisons. The electrode material structure of the preferred embodiment has enhanced mechanical strength, but such a design may slightly sacrifice flow resistance ' although the flow resistance of the electrode material structure It 2 of the third preferred embodiment is slightly higher than the first and second comparisons. A preferred embodiment, but compared to the existing electrode material without the runner arrangement, the "structure" can still reduce the scratch and pressure drop of the electrolyte flowing through the electrode material structure 2, and can effectively reduce the electrolysis for pushing The power energy required for the liquid circulation" progressively, referring to Figures 7 and 8, is a flow battery device 1 further fabricated using one of the electrode material structures 2 of the three preferred embodiments described above. The device 1 comprises an electrochemical reaction unit ι〇201244232, a first liquid storage unit 50 and a second liquid storage unit 6G which are spaced apart from each other and communicate with the electrochemical reaction unit & 1G, respectively. The first one is better The electrode material structure 胄2, 2 described in the embodiment is an example of the case where the inlet flow '221 and the outlet flow path 231 are cut-through groove type, but the electrode in the second or third preferred embodiment The material structure is suitable for combining to form the liquid flow battery device, and the types of the inlet flow channels 2d, 231 or the sealing channel 241 can be designed as a through-groove type, a grooved type or a hollow lumen type and can also be By reducing the flow resistance and the waste drop by reducing the flow resistance and the waste drop, the flow force for pushing the electrolyte flow is reduced, and the contact chance of the electrolyte with the substrate 21 is increased to improve the reaction efficiency, thereby achieving the reaction efficiency. The storage efficiency of the flow battery device ι is improved and the use characteristics of the battery performance are improved. The electrochemical reaction unit 10 includes at least one set of unit cell assemblies 2, and an outer casing surrounding the unit assembly 2G. [In the present embodiment, the description is made by taking three sets of single battery assembly 2G as an example, but this should not limit the number of the single battery assembly 2G, and one or two groups can be set according to actual use requirements. Or more than four groups The single cell assembly 2 has a pair of electrode material structures 2a, 2b' which are spaced apart in a pair and have a through-groove type as described in the first preferred embodiment, and a barrier The separator 3' between the two-electrode material structures 2a, 2b has the inlet side 2 of the substrate 21a corresponding to the electrode material structure 2a of the side of each of the unit cell assemblies 2G. First, the port 4Ua, one corresponding to the outlet side of the same substrate 2U, the first outlet, and the other side of each unit of the battery unit 2
S 12 201244232 、、 材料、、’。構體2b的基材21 b的進口側21 lb設置的第二 、 lb及一個對應同一基材21b的出口側212b設置的 412b。在本貫施例中，該外殼4具有相間隔設置 γ仏^單電池組合體2〇容置其間的—第一框殼體41及一 :二框殼體42’該第一進口 411a、第一出口 4na、第二進 口 411b與第二出口他是分別對應每—組單電池組合體 2〇的電極材料結構體2a、2b的進口側211&、2川與出口 側212a、212b並相間隔地形成在該第—框殼體41上，但不 應以此限制該第一進口 411a、第一出口他、第二進口 411b與第二出口 412b的設置位置，也可以透過設計使該第 一進口 411a'第一出口 412a設置在該第一框殼體41，及使 該第二進口 411b、第二出口 412b設置在該第二框殼體42， 仍然能達到引導電解液分別流經該電極材料結構體2a、2b 的功能。其中，該第一框殼體41與該第二框殼體42還分 別具有相間隔且位於外側的一第一端板部413、一第二端 板部423，及分別圍繞每一組單電池組合體2〇左側與右側 的電極材料結構體2a、2b設置的三個第一框殼部414及三 個第二框殼部424。其中，該第一、第二框殼部414、424 的没置數量隨該單電池組合體20的數量而定，當只有一組 單電池組合體20時，該第一、第二框殼部414、424的數 里各為一個。在本實施例中’該第一進口 411a、第一出口 412a、第二進口 411b、第二出口 412b都形成在該第一端板 部413。但依實際設計需求’也可以將該第一進口 41U與 該第一出口 412a分別設置在該等第一框殼部414 ,及該第 13 201244232 二框殼部 二進口 411b與該第二出口 4l2b分別設置在該等第 424。 較佳地’該電化學反應單元1〇還包括二個集電板η 及二個雙電極板72,該二集電板71分別位於該第一框殼體 41的第一端板部413與該單電池組合體2〇，以及該第二端 板部423與該單電池組合體2〇《間，而該等雙電極板η 則分別阻隔在該等單電池組體2〇之間。其中，該等雙電極 板72的設置數量依該等單電池組合體2〇的設置數量而調 整，在本實施例中有三個單電池組合體2〇，因此設置二個 雙電極板72將該等單電池組合體2〇隔開，如果只有一組 單電池組合體2G則不需設置雙電極板72，如果設置二組單 電池組合體2G則只需設置-個阻隔在其間的雙電極板72, ，此類推》在本實施例中是藉由該等雙電極板Μ隔開三組 單電池組合體20。 需要補充說明的是，在本實施例中，該等集電板η 雙電極板72都是具有導電功能的平板，但該等雙電極板 是位於該電化學反應單A 1G的内部並阻隔在相鄰的單電 组合體20之間’該L 71則分別位於在該電化學 應單元1〇二端外側，並各具有一個突伸出該外殼4外的: 引部711、721，用於將電流引導出該電池農置卜 該第-儲液單元50包括一個第一儲液罐5ι、一個連4 在該電化學反應單元Π)的外殼4的第—進口他與該第_ =罐51之間的第—輸人管路52、—個連接在該電化學』 應早兀1〇的外殼4的第一出口化a與該第一儲液罐…S 12 201244232 , , Materials , , '. The second side, lb of the inlet side 21 lb of the substrate 21b of the body 2b and one 412b corresponding to the outlet side 212b of the same substrate 21b. In the present embodiment, the outer casing 4 has a first frame housing 41 and a second frame housing 42' which are spaced apart from each other by a γ仏^ unit assembly 2, and the first inlet 411a, the first An outlet 4na, a second inlet 411b and a second outlet are respectively spaced apart from the inlet side 211 & 2 and the outlet side 212a, 212b of the electrode material structures 2a, 2b of each of the unit cell assemblies 2 Formed on the first frame housing 41, but the position of the first inlet 411a, the first outlet, the second inlet 411b and the second outlet 412b should not be limited, or the first The first outlet 412a of the inlet 411a' is disposed in the first frame housing 41, and the second inlet 411b and the second outlet 412b are disposed in the second frame housing 42 to still guide the electrolyte to flow through the electrode. The function of the material structures 2a, 2b. The first frame housing 41 and the second frame housing 42 further have a first end plate portion 413 and a second end plate portion 423 spaced apart from each other, and respectively surround each group of battery cells. The assembly body 2 has three first frame housing portions 414 and three second frame housing portions 424 provided on the left and right electrode material structures 2a and 2b. The number of the first and second frame portions 414, 424 is different depending on the number of the battery cells 20, and when there is only one battery assembly 20, the first and second frame portions are Each of the numbers of 414 and 424 is one. In the present embodiment, the first inlet 411a, the first outlet 412a, the second inlet 411b, and the second outlet 412b are formed in the first end plate portion 413. However, according to actual design requirements, the first inlet 41U and the first outlet 412a may be respectively disposed on the first frame shell portion 414, and the 13th 201244232 second frame shell portion 2 inlet 411b and the second outlet portion 112b They are respectively set at the 424th. Preferably, the electrochemical reaction unit 1 further includes two collector plates η and two double electrode plates 72, and the two collector plates 71 are respectively located at the first end plate portion 413 of the first frame housing 41. The unit cell assembly 2 is disposed between the second end plate portion 423 and the unit cell assembly 2, and the two electrode plates η are respectively blocked between the unit cell bodies 2A. The number of the two-electrode plates 72 is adjusted according to the number of the single-cell assemblies 2, and in the present embodiment, there are three single-cell assemblies 2, so two two-electrode plates 72 are provided. If the single cell assembly 2G is separated, if there is only one set of the single cell assembly 2G, it is not necessary to provide the double electrode plate 72. If two sets of the single cell assembly 2G are provided, only one double electrode plate interposed therebetween is required. In this embodiment, 72 sets of unit cell assemblies 20 are separated by the two-electrode plates. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the collector plates η and the two electrode plates 72 are all plates having a conductive function, but the two electrode plates are located inside the electrochemical reaction unit A 1G and are blocked at Between the adjacent single electrical assemblies 20, the L 71 are respectively located outside the two ends of the electrochemical unit, and each has a protruding portion 711, 721 protruding from the outer casing 4 for Directing the current out of the battery, the first liquid storage unit 50 includes a first liquid storage tank 5, a fourth inlet of the outer casing 4 of the electrochemical reaction unit, and the first inlet and the first The first-input line 52 between 51, the first outlet a of the outer casing 4 connected to the electrochemistry should be earlier than the first liquid storage tank a...
S 14 201244232 間的第一輸出管路53，及一個設置在該第一輸入管路52的 第一泵浦元件54。 該第二儲液單7L 60包括一個第二儲液罐61、一個連接 在該電化學反應單元10的外殼4的第二進口 41比與該第二 儲液罐61之間的第二輸人管路62、—個連接在該電化學反 應單元10的外殼4的第二出口 412b與該第二儲液罐6ι之 間的第二輸出管路63，及一個設置在該第二輸入管路62的 第一果浦元件64。 本實施例的液流電池裝置丨是以釩液流電池為例，因 此，可在該第一儲液罐51與該第二儲液罐61中分別儲存 不同價態的釩離子電解液，再藉由使用該第一、第二泵浦 元件54、64就能分別使該[儲液罐51與該第二儲液罐 61内的釩離子電解液沿該第一輸入管路52、第二輸入管路 62進入該外殼4内，並於通過該二電極材料結構體2時產 生氧化與還原反應，再利用分別與該二電極材料結構體2 相接觸的該等集電板71、雙電極板72收集與傳導電流，自 該外殼4流出的釩離子電解液再沿該第一輸出管路y、第 二輸出管路63流回該第一儲液罐51與該第二儲液罐61 ^ 其中，該氧化還原反應過程也可以逆向進行，因此，藉由 該電極材料結構體2即可進行充、放電之功能。 <具體例> 為了評估本發明電極材料結構體2的效益’在此使用 c Ο S Μ Ο L流體計算軟體評估分析各種不同流道設計與不同 進出口型式之電極材料結構體的壓降，參閱圖9，分別為用 15 201244232 於進行模擬分析的六種電極材料結構體⑴、⑷、（瓜）、（ IV)、（V)與（VI)及其所對應的進口與出口型式。其中，結構 體（I)〜結構體（VI)之電極材料結構體的面積^ 1() emxlQ cm ° 在此所用的分析軟體C0SM0L原名為FEMLAB，是一 套計算各種數學、物理與工程，或多重物理現象 (muitiphysics)問題的套裝電腦輔助工程分析軟體，且是以 有限兀素法計算模擬前述問題的偏微分方程該軟體可 應用於化干工程、電磁、熱流、微機電與結構等方面的模 組’該軟體為目前廣泛使用於業界進行模擬分析的工具， 在此不再詳述。 、’、。構體（I )為現有液流電池普遍使用無流道設置的電極 材料結構體及其所對應的進口與出口型式，其進口與出口 面積分別為0.12cm2。 構體（Η )為模擬美國專利US 5,851，694而設計的電極 材料結構體及其所對應的進口與出口型式而設計的結構體 ，該電極材料結構體亦未設置流道，電解液直接流經多孔 電極八4個進口的總面積與4個出口的總面積分別為 0.3cm2。 ”’σ構體（瓜）是採用單一進口與單一出口，亦無流道設置 ’其與結構體（I)的差別是進口與出口的寬度增大，其進口 與出口面積分別為1.5 cm2。 結構體（IV)的流道設計與本發明第一較佳實施例的電極 材料結構體相同，在此是使用切穿該結構體的第一表面與A first output line 53 between S 14 201244232 and a first pumping element 54 disposed in the first input line 52. The second liquid storage unit 7L 60 includes a second liquid storage tank 61, a second inlet 41 connected to the outer casing 4 of the electrochemical reaction unit 10, and a second input between the second storage tank 61 and the second liquid storage tank 61. a conduit 62, a second output line 63 connected between the second outlet 412b of the outer casing 4 of the electrochemical reaction unit 10 and the second liquid storage tank 6, and a second input line disposed at the second input line The first fruiting element 64 of 62. The flow battery device of the present embodiment is exemplified by a vanadium redox flow battery. Therefore, vanadium ion electrolytes of different valence states can be stored in the first liquid storage tank 51 and the second liquid storage tank 61, respectively. By using the first and second pumping elements 54, 64, the [the liquid storage tank 51 and the vanadium ion electrolyte in the second liquid storage tank 61 can be respectively along the first input line 52, the second The input line 62 enters the outer casing 4, and generates oxidation and reduction reactions when passing through the two-electrode material structure 2, and then uses the current collector plates 71 and the two electrodes respectively in contact with the two-electrode material structure 2. The plate 72 collects and conducts current, and the vanadium ion electrolyte flowing out of the outer casing 4 flows back to the first liquid storage tank 51 and the second liquid storage tank 61 along the first output line y and the second output line 63. ^ In this case, the redox reaction process can also be reversed. Therefore, the electrode material structure 2 can perform the functions of charging and discharging. <Specific Example> In order to evaluate the benefit of the electrode material structure 2 of the present invention, the pressure measurement of the electrode material structure of various flow path designs and different inlet and outlet types was evaluated using the c Ο S Μ 流体 L fluid calculation software. Referring to Figure 9, the six electrode material structures (1), (4), (melons), (IV), (V) and (VI) and their corresponding import and export patterns were simulated using 15 201244232. Wherein, the area of the electrode material structure of the structure (I) to the structure (VI) ^ 1 () emxlQ cm ° The analytical software C0SM0L used here is originally called FEMLAB, which is a set of calculations for various mathematics, physics and engineering. Or a set of computer-aided engineering analysis software for multiple physical phenomena (muitiphysics), and a partial differential equation for simulating the aforementioned problem by a finite element method. The software can be applied to dry engineering, electromagnetic, heat flow, micro-electromechanical and structural aspects. The module's software is a tool that is widely used in the industry for simulation analysis and will not be described in detail here. , ',. The structure (I) is an electrode material structure in which the current flow battery is generally used without a flow path and its corresponding inlet and outlet types, and the inlet and outlet areas thereof are respectively 0.12 cm 2 . The structure (Η) is a structure designed to simulate an electrode material structure designed by US Pat. No. 5,851,694 and its corresponding inlet and outlet type. The electrode material structure is also not provided with a flow path, and the electrolyte flows directly. The total area of the eight inlets through the porous electrode and the total area of the four outlets were 0.3 cm2, respectively. "The σ-body (melon) is a single inlet and a single outlet, and there is no flow path setting. The difference between it and the structure (I) is that the width of the inlet and the outlet is increased, and the inlet and outlet areas are 1.5 cm2, respectively. The flow path design of the structure (IV) is the same as that of the electrode material structure of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, where the first surface cut through the structure is used
S 16 201244232 結構體⑺的細計與=== :料::::同’在―穿槽型式:::::: 積分:為:r 結構體m)的流道設計與本發明第三較佳實施例的電極 材枓結構體相同，在此同樣是採用穿槽型式的流道進行模 擬，該等流道所佔的總面積為54 em2，其進口與出 分別為1.5 cm2。 分別設定上述電極材料結構體⑴〜(γι)具有相同的特定 穿透率（permeability)與孔隙度（p〇r〇sity)，分別設定不同體 積流率使電解液流經上述電極結構體（j )〜(yi)，再將模擬出 的壓降情形分別繪製成圖1〇、圖u與圖12，其中，圖1〇 所設定的穿透率為lxl〇-9 m2，且孔隙度為〇7，圖u所設 定的穿透率為1χ1〇·10 m2 ’且孔隙度為〇 7，圖12所設定的 穿透率為lxlO·11 m2，且孔隙度為〇·7。由圖1〇〜圖12的結 果可看出，結構體（IV)、（V)與（VI)能表現較佳的壓降效果 ’其中’結構體（IV)、（V)的壓降又比結構體（VI)的壓降情 形佳，據此說明，本發明設計的電極材料結構體2相較於 現有的結構體確實能提供較佳的壓降效果，據此可合理推 斷當將該結構體（IV)、（V)、（VI)應用於液流電池裝置時， 可有效減少泵浦元件推動電解液流動的動力，進而有助於 提升該液流電池裝置的儲能效率。此外，由圖〜圖12還 17 201244232 可看出’隨著體積流率的增加’壓降會增大，但結構體㈤ 、（V)、（VI)藉由流道設計能有效減少壓降情形，且結構體（ IV)、（V)的流道設計更能獲得極為顯著的壓降改善效果。 需要補充說明的是，上述的穿透率也就是電極穿透率 ，是指在固定流體壓降下流體的流速。穿透率越高，流體 的流速越快。而孔隙度則是指單位體積的多孔固體介質内 ’流體所佔的體積百分率。 由圖10圖12的結果雖然說明本發明的流道設計確實 能大幅降低電解液在電極材料結構體内的流阻與壓降，進 而節省栗浦元件的動力與耗電量而有助於提升整體電池裝 置的儲能效率。但是，由於流道切割所損失的電極反庳面 積會降低電池的操作電流。因此仍需算出整個液流電池裝 置的淨功率’以進一步證明本發明於高體積流率、低電極 穿透率下’有最佳的儲電效率。 通常在多孔電極内，由於需要縮小流體孔隙通道的孔 徑才會提高表面積反應，_，表面積越高表示孔隙通道 的孔徑越小’並會造成電極的穿透率越低。但是，透，尚本 發明的流道設計’即使使用高反應表面積的多孔電二 能夠降低流體通過電極的阻力…般液流電池之體積流率 1 通了為3.6L/h〜9L/h’-般電極材料的穿透率約在1〇1。賓 Hm2的範圍内，進行本發明結構體的淨輸出功率量測所— 的體積流率與穿透率是位於現有一般液流電池的範圍：疋 以符合現有的使用需求。表上述六種結構體（’ 在體積流率5 L/h’穿透率為1χ1〇·" m2時所獲得的淨輸出 £ 18 201244232 功率值’表·2則為上述六種結構體⑴〜㈤在體積流 L/h，穿透率為lxlG.nm2時所獲得的淨輸出功率值。 其中，淨輸出功率值為液流電池裝置之電池輸出功率 值扣除第-泵浦元件與第二泵浦元件的功率值後的結果， 通常每-個液流電池裝置所用的第一泵浦元件與第二泵浦 兀件的功率设定為相同。表]與表·2中的電池功率、第一( 第二)泵肖元件的功率及淨功率可分別經由算式⑴ (3)算出： (1) 電池功率：Pce// =S 16 201244232 Structure (7) Detail and === :Material:::: Same as 'in-groove type:::::: integral: is: r structure m) flow path design and the third invention The electrode material structure of the preferred embodiment is the same, and the same is also used for the simulation of the channel type flow path, which has a total area of 54 em2 and an inlet and an exit of 1.5 cm2, respectively. The electrode material structures (1) to (γ1) are respectively set to have the same specific permeability and porosity (p〇r〇sity), and different volume flow rates are respectively set to cause the electrolyte to flow through the electrode structure (j ) (~), and then simulate the pressure drop situation as Figure 1〇, Figure u and Figure 12, respectively, where the penetration rate set in Figure 1〇 is lxl〇-9 m2, and the porosity is 〇 7, the transmittance set by u is 1χ1〇·10 m2′ and the porosity is 〇7. The transmittance set in Fig. 12 is lxlO·11 m2, and the porosity is 〇·7. It can be seen from the results of FIG. 1 to FIG. 12 that the structures (IV), (V) and (VI) can exhibit a better pressure drop effect, in which the pressure drops of the structures (IV) and (V) are Compared with the structure (VI), the voltage drop is better. According to the description, the electrode material structure 2 designed by the present invention can provide a better pressure drop effect than the existing structure, and it can be reasonably inferred that When the structures (IV), (V), and (VI) are applied to the flow battery device, the power of the pump element to push the electrolyte flow can be effectively reduced, thereby contributing to improving the energy storage efficiency of the flow battery device. In addition, as shown in Fig.~Fig.12 and 17 201244232, the pressure drop will increase as the volume flow rate increases, but the structure (5), (V), (VI) can effectively reduce the pressure drop by the runner design. In the case, the flow path design of the structures (IV) and (V) can obtain an extremely significant pressure drop improvement effect. It should be added that the above-mentioned penetration rate, that is, the electrode penetration rate, refers to the flow rate of the fluid at a fixed fluid pressure drop. The higher the penetration rate, the faster the flow rate of the fluid. Porosity refers to the volume fraction of fluid in a unit volume of porous solid medium. The results of FIG. 10 and FIG. 12 illustrate that the flow channel design of the present invention can significantly reduce the flow resistance and pressure drop of the electrolyte in the electrode material structure, thereby saving the power and power consumption of the pump unit and contributing to the improvement. Energy storage efficiency of the overall battery unit. However, the ruthenium area of the electrode lost by the flow path cutting reduces the operating current of the battery. Therefore, it is still necessary to calculate the net power of the entire flow battery device to further demonstrate that the present invention has the best storage efficiency at high volume flow rate and low electrode penetration rate. Usually in a porous electrode, the surface area reaction is increased by the need to reduce the pore size of the fluid pore channel, _, the higher the surface area, the smaller the pore size of the pore channel, and the lower the penetration rate of the electrode. However, the flow path design of the present invention can reduce the flow resistance of the fluid through the electrode even if a porous electroconductor having a high reaction surface area is used. The volume flow rate of the flow battery is 1 3.6 L/h to 9 L/h. The penetration rate of the general electrode material is about 1〇1. In the range of the guest Hm2, the volumetric flow rate and the transmittance of the net output power of the structure of the present invention are within the range of the conventional general flow battery: 疋 to meet the existing use requirements. The above six structures (the net output obtained when the volumetric flow rate is 5 L/h' penetration rate is 1χ1〇·" m2 is £18 201244232 power value' table·2 is the above six structures (1) ~ (5) The net output power value obtained when the volume flow L/h and the transmittance is lxlG.nm2, wherein the net output power value is the battery output power value of the flow battery device minus the first-pump component and the second As a result of the power value of the pumping element, the power of the first pumping element and the second pumping element used in each of the flow battery devices is generally set to be the same. Table 2 and the battery power in Table 2, The power and net power of the first (second) pump shaft component can be calculated by equations (1) and (3), respectively: (1) Battery power: Pce// =
E :電壓’在此為1 5V 1 :電流密度，在此為0.03 A/ cm2 A .電極材料結構體的面積（cm2) ’未設置流道者應為 100 cm2 (2) 第一(第二)泵浦元件功率：‘= Q :體積流率’單位為m3/s ΔΡ :壓降’單位為pa % :所用泵浦元件效率，在此設定為0.7 (3) 淨功率：‘ 體編號 計算 電池功率 Ae//(J/S) 元件的功率 體淨功率值比較表 (I) (H) (瓜） (IV) (V) (VI) 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.176 4.0284 4.257 0.45 0.42 0.47 0.01 0.007 0.234 19 201244232E : Voltage ' here is 1 5V 1 : current density, here 0.03 A / cm 2 A. Area of electrode material structure (cm2) 'The channel should not be set to 100 cm2 (2) First (second Pump component power: '= Q : Volume flow rate 'unit is m3 / s Δ Ρ : pressure drop 'unit is pa % : pump component efficiency used, set here to 0.7 (3) net power: 'body number calculation Battery Power Ae//(J/S) Component Power Body Net Power Comparison Table (I) (H) (Melon) (IV) (V) (VI) 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.176 4.0284 4.257 0.45 0.42 0.47 0.01 0.007 0.234 19 201244232
4.156 4.0144 3.789 *(體積流率為5 L/h，穿透率為lxl〇-n m2)4.156 4.0144 3.789 *(volume flow rate is 5 L/h, penetration rate is lxl〇-n m2)
η崎詋明在電解液為5 L/h或6 L/h，及電極材料結構體之穿透率為ΐχΐ〇·η爪2時，本發明 具有流道設計的電極材料結構體相較於純置流道的現有 電極材料結構體具有較佳的淨輪出功率，據此可㈣本發 明電極材料結構體應用於液流電池裝置時，能提供較佳的 儲能效率。 由於液流電池通常需要高體積流率才能將反應產物快 速地由電極移除並補充新鮮反應物。然而，過高的流速會 使果浦消耗大量電池所儲存的電能。由上述結果亦可看出 ’本f制収變電_料結構It的料以純流阻，即 使在间’也㈣有效發揮降低流阻的優異特性。此 外’液流電池内電解液的流速通常有一最佳值，若超出最 Β 20 201244232 佳值的流速僅會使泵浦消耗更多的電能而對電池效率提升 不大，電池充放電效率雖然也會隨著電解液流速的增加而 上升，但也會達到一個極限，到達極限後即使再増加流速 ，電池效率也不會提升。因此，在本發明的設計下利用較 低的泵浦電能就能獲得較高的體積流率，進而提升電池效 率，因此，本發明的電池材料結構體相較於現有的電池材 料結構體能提供較佳的淨功率。 歸納上述，本發明電極材料結構體2及由其所製成的 液流電池裝置1 ’可獲致下述的功效及優點，故能達到本發 明的目的： 一、相較於未設置流道的電極材料結構體，本發明的 電極材料結構體2能夠藉由該等進口流道221、出口流道 231與封閉流道241的設計，有效降低電解液的流阻，進而 大幅降低用於推動電解液循環所需的能量，而能提升整個 電池系統的充電與放電效率。此外，利用具有盲端222、 232、242、243的流道設計，使電解液流經本發明的電極材 料結構體2時’會因為盲端222、232、242、243的存在， 而被迫自該等進口流道221或封閉流道241通過該該基材 2!内部流到該等出口流道231或其他的封閉流道241，相 較於設置貫穿型流道的電極材料結構體，能產生較佳的電 極使用效率而能彌補電解液循環所消耗的能量。因此，本 發明的電極材料結構體2應用於電池系統上除了能提升儲 能效率外，還能藉由具有盲端的流道設計增加電解液與該 基材21的接觸機會而維持高反應效率，因而具有改善電池 21 201244232 效能的特性與應用潛力。 二、本發明液流電池裝置1搭配具有流道設計的電極 材料結構體2，使嗜第一、筮^ 电桠 便该第、第二儲液單元50、6〇的第一、 第二泵浦元件54、64只要輸出較小的動力就能將儲存在該 第一'第二儲液罐51、61中的電解液分別送人該第一、第 二框殼體4卜42内與該二電極材料結構體2產生電化學反 應，由於該第一、第二泵浦元件㈣耗能減少，且電解 液仍能與該電極材料結構體2的基材21維持高反應效率， 使該液流電池裝置1具有較佳的儲能效率與使用效能。 惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不 能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明中請專利 範圍及發明說明内容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍 屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是一俯視示意圖，說明說明本發明電極材料結構 體的一第一較佳實施例； 圖2是一沿圖1中的直線π—π所取的剖視示意圖，說 明該第一較佳實施例的一進口流道與一出口流道為穿槽型 式； 圖3是一剖視示意圖，說明該第一較佳實施例的進口 流道與出口流道為刻槽型式的情形； 圖4是一俯視示意圖，說明該第一較佳實施例的進口 流道與出口流道為中空管腔型式的情形； 圖5是一俯視示意圖’說明本發明電極材料結構體的When the electrolyte is 5 L/h or 6 L/h, and the penetration rate of the electrode material structure is ΐχΐ〇·η claw 2, the electrode material structure having the flow path design of the present invention is compared with The existing electrode material structure of the pure flow channel has a better net rotation power, and according to this, (4) the electrode material structure of the present invention can provide better energy storage efficiency when applied to a flow battery device. Since flow batteries typically require high volumetric flow rates, the reaction products are quickly removed from the electrodes and replenished with fresh reactants. However, too high a flow rate will cause the fruit to consume a large amount of energy stored in the battery. From the above results, it can also be seen that the material of the material structure It is a pure flow resistance, and the excellent characteristics of reducing the flow resistance are effectively exhibited even in the case of (4). In addition, the flow rate of the electrolyte in the flow battery usually has an optimum value. If the flow rate exceeds the final value of 201244232, only the pump will consume more electric energy and the battery efficiency will not be improved. It will rise as the flow rate of the electrolyte increases, but it will reach a limit. Even after the limit is reached, the battery efficiency will not increase. Therefore, the higher volumetric flow rate can be obtained by using the lower pumping power under the design of the present invention, thereby improving the battery efficiency. Therefore, the battery material structure of the present invention can provide a comparison with the existing battery material structure. Good net power. In summary, the electrode material structure 2 of the present invention and the flow battery device 1' made of the same can achieve the following functions and advantages, so that the object of the present invention can be achieved: 1. Compared with the flow path not provided The electrode material structure body, the electrode material structure 2 of the present invention can effectively reduce the flow resistance of the electrolyte by the design of the inlet flow channel 221, the outlet flow channel 231 and the closed flow channel 241, thereby greatly reducing the electrolysis The energy required for the liquid circulation can increase the charging and discharging efficiency of the entire battery system. In addition, with the flow channel design with the blind ends 222, 232, 242, 243, when the electrolyte flows through the electrode material structure 2 of the present invention, it will be forced by the existence of the blind ends 222, 232, 242, 243. The inlet channel 221 or the closed channel 241 flows through the substrate 2! to the outlet channel 231 or other closed channel 241, compared to the electrode material structure in which the through-flow channel is provided. Producing better electrode use efficiency can compensate for the energy consumed by the electrolyte cycle. Therefore, the electrode material structure 2 of the present invention can be applied to a battery system in addition to improving energy storage efficiency, and can maintain high reaction efficiency by increasing the contact chance of the electrolyte with the substrate 21 by a flow path design having a blind end. Therefore, it has the characteristics and application potential to improve the performance of the battery 21 201244232. 2. The flow battery device 1 of the present invention is combined with an electrode material structure 2 having a flow path design, so that the first and second pumps of the first and second liquid storage units 50, 6 are electrically immersed in the first and second liquid storage units. The electrolyte elements 54 and 64 can respectively deliver the electrolyte stored in the first 'second liquid storage tanks 51, 61 to the first and second frame housings 4 and 42 as long as the power is outputted. The two-electrode material structure 2 generates an electrochemical reaction, and since the first and second pumping elements (4) consume less energy, and the electrolyte can still maintain high reaction efficiency with the substrate 21 of the electrode material structure 2, the liquid is made The flow battery device 1 has better energy storage efficiency and performance. However, the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent change and modification according to the scope of the patent and the description of the invention in the present invention. All remain within the scope of the invention patent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a top plan view illustrating a first preferred embodiment of an electrode material structure of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line π-π of FIG. It is to be noted that an inlet flow path and an outlet flow path of the first preferred embodiment are of a grooved type; FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing that the inlet flow path and the outlet flow path of the first preferred embodiment are grooved FIG. 4 is a top plan view showing the case where the inlet flow path and the outlet flow path of the first preferred embodiment are hollow cavity type; FIG. 5 is a top plan view illustrating the electrode material structure of the present invention.
S 22 201244232 一第二較佳實施例； 圖6是一俯視示意圖，說明本發明電極材料結構體的 一第三較佳實施例； 圖7是一側視示意圖，說明本發明液流電池裝置的一 較佳實施例的-第-儲液單元及一第二儲液單元内的電解 液流經一電化學反應單元的情形； 圖8是一立體示意圖，說明該液流電池裝置的電化學 反應早元的結構設計； 圖9為-示意圖，說明用於進行流體計算模擬分析的 六種電極材料結構體及其所對應的進口與出口型式； 圖10為一曲線圖，說明電解液流經六種具有特定穿透 率與孔隙度的電極材料結構體後的壓降情形； 圖11為一曲線圖，說明電解液流經六種具有特定穿透 率與孔隙度的電極封袓#址 ^ 电η材枓結構體後的壓降情形；及 圖 12為—曲始国 率與孔隙，電解液流經六種具有特定穿透 又 極材料結構體後的壓降情形。 23 201244232 【主要元件符號說明】 1 ..........液流電池裝置 10.........電化學反應單元 20 ........單電池組合體 2 ..........電極材料結構體 2a、2b ··電極材料結構體 21 .........基材 21a ' 21b……基材 211 .......進口側 211a、211b···進口側 212 .......出口側 212a、212br··出口側 213 .......結構主體 214 .......第一表面 215 .......第二表面 22 .........進口單元 221 .......進口流道 222 .......盲端 223 .......主管道 224 .......内壁面 225 .......分支管道 226 .......子盲端 23 .........出口單元 231 .......出口流道 232 ···· …盲端 233 .... …主管道 234 ···· …内壁面 235 ···· …分支管道 236 ··· …子盲端 24…… …流道單元 241 ···· …封閉流道 242 ···· …第一盲端 243 ···· …第二盲端 244 ···· …流道部 3 ....... …隔膜 4 ....... …外殼 41…… …第一框殼體 411a·.. …第一進口 412a··· …第一出口 411b.·. …第二進口 412b .· …第二出口 413 ··.· …第 端板部 414 ···· …框殼部 42…… …第二框殼體 423 ···. …第二端板部 424 …框殼部 50…… …第一儲液單元 24 201244232 51 ···· •…第一儲液罐 63 ·...· …第二輸出管路 52··.. •…第一輸入管路 64•.… …第二泵浦元件 53···. •…第一輸出管路 71 ··.·· …集電板 54··.· •…第一泵浦元件 711… …導引部 60···· ••…第二儲液單元 72····. …雙電極板 61 ··.. …·第二儲液罐 721 ··· …導引部 62···. •…第二輸入管路 25S 22 201244232 a second preferred embodiment; FIG. 6 is a top plan view showing a third preferred embodiment of the electrode material structure of the present invention; FIG. 7 is a side view showing the flow battery device of the present invention. A preferred embodiment of the first liquid storage unit and a second liquid storage unit flow through an electrochemical reaction unit; FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the electrochemical reaction of the liquid flow battery unit Early structural design; Figure 9 is a schematic diagram showing six electrode material structures for fluid calculation simulation analysis and their corresponding inlet and outlet versions; Figure 10 is a graph showing electrolyte flow through six Figure 2 is a graph showing the flow of electrolyte through six kinds of electrode seals with specific transmittance and porosity. The pressure drop after the η material 枓 structure; and Fig. 12 is the 曲 国 country rate and pores, the pressure drop of the electrolyte after flowing through six kinds of specific penetrating and polar material structures. 23 201244232 [Explanation of main component symbols] 1 ..... Flow battery device 10... Electrochemical reaction unit 20 ........Single cell assembly 2 .......... electrode material structure 2a, 2b · electrode material structure 21 ... ... substrate 21a ' 21b ... substrate 211 ... .Inlet side 211a, 211b···inlet side 212 . . . outlet side 212a, 212br··outlet side 213 . . . structural body 214 . . . first surface 215 .......the second surface 22 ....Import unit 221 .......Import flow channel 222 .......blind end 223 ...... Main pipe 224 . . . inner wall surface 225 . . . branch pipe 226 . . . subblind end 23 ... ... exit unit 231 ... ....Export flow channel 232 ···· ...blind end 233 .... ... main pipe 234 ···· ... inner wall surface 235 ···· ... branch pipe 236 ··· ... child blind end 24... ...flow path unit 241 ···· ...close flow path 242 ····...first blind end 243 ····...second blind end 244 ····...flow path part 3.... ... diaphragm 4 . . . ... outer casing 41 ... first frame housing 411a ..... first inlet 412a ..... First outlet 411b.....the second inlet 412b.....the second outlet 413.....the first end plate portion 414.....the casing portion 42...the second frame casing 423. ...the second end plate portion 424 ... the casing portion 50 ... the first liquid storage unit 24 201244232 51 ·····...the first liquid storage tank 63 ·...·...the second output line 52·· .. •...the first input line 64•....the second pumping element 53···....the first output line 71 ·····...the collector plate 54··.·...the first Pumping element 711 ... ... guiding portion 60 ···· ••...Second liquid storage unit 72····....two-electrode plate 61 ··.....·Second liquid storage tank 721 ··· Leading portion 62···.......second input line 25